Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

HOYT & CO., Proprietors. VOLUME IX.?NO. 52. A War of Raees, and How to Avoid it. Since the failure of Congress to do anything * to relieve the oppressed South, the carpet baggers and negroes down there have been more thievish and impudent than ever. They interpret the silence of Congress as consent, if not approval, and keep on stealing. When the South Carolina tax-payers asked for an in? vestigation, they did not put much faith in the result of such a work, but they did think, cor? rectly, that it might frighten a little the band . of robbers who govern them, and somewhat mitigate their miseries. This least of all fa? vors Deing denied, the political tyrants of that State are now carrying on things with a higher hand. The shameless Governor MoBes has actually pardoned out the three Barnwell com? missioners, convicted of corruption and theft a few weeks ago. This Governor, bad as he is, and sympathizing as he does with the official rascality all about him, would never have dared this but for the indifference of Congress to the woes of the tax-payers. In Louisiana, too, we mark fresh outbursts of violence and rapine from the mongrel State Government; and the poor, tax-paying whites are, in pure self-defence, organizing themselves to resist the spoilers by every means, fighting included. Men of all the old parties and fac? tions, counting in the two Republican varieties, are joining thi3 corps, and they mean business. The government of the State is rotten and in? famous from end to end. The Legislature is a gaug of black and white thieves, with a small sprinkling of honest men, powerless to stay the corruption, and only showing it up in bolder relief. Judges can be bought for a peck of . potatoes. Juries are all packed. In all the ^ranches of government there is a desperate contest to see who can control (which is equiv? alent to stealing^ the largest share of the public funds. These cr&rtur^es are perfectly willing to turn Louisiana into aln*ampor a wilderness, so long as they can fill their pouches and get away in safety from the scene of devastation. The recent overflow of large districts and tef> rible loss of life and property are attributable to the theft of millions of dollars which should have gone to the making of strong levees. The people of the North have been obliged to give alms to the wretched sufferers from these crimes, because the Louisiana tax-payers have been robbed of nearly their last dollar. Goad? ed on by outrages, the honest white men of the State now turn at bay, and will fight for the overthrow of their oppressors. Friends of peace must deeply regret the ap? pearance of any signs of an impending war of races, such as is offered by the organization of whites against blacks. It is said there may be no other mode of self-defence, except a pledged and thorough union of the victims against the tyrants. The negroes cannot protest against a new party based on complexion alone, for they have long been bauded and sworn together. At this distance it is very hard to make our advice fit the case, but it does seem to us that the new organization of whites should be made as little threatening as possible. While fully prepared to defend themselves in their rights? ana maintaining a firm and bold attitude?they should use their money and influence, diplo? matically, to split the black party in twain. They should divide and conquer. Cash and tact ought to do this, without using either for illegitimate purposes. Here and there, there mast be an official not wholly corrupted who could be brought over to the Reform side; and the moment the movement looks strong, many of those now backing the thieves may be ex? pected to join it. This plan outflanks the ene? my, and forces him to retreat without a collis? ion. In this work of reform no tools should be despised, but all accepted who can in any way advance it; and, above all things, we re? peat, negroes should be taken as allies, and fairly treated. Unless the tax-payers of Lou? isiana are ready to attach the better class of negroes to their side, we fear that little good will come of all their concerted efforts. A work similar in some respects is develop? ing itself in South Carolina. There it takes the name of "Tax Unions." Its object is de? clared to be the reduction of taxation, and the honest appropriation and expenditure of the public funds. The constitution of the order has not a word about white or black; and a black taxpayer could join it if he pleased; though such a phenomenon would be difficult to find, not because there are no negroes who own land (for some of them have large, fine farms, bought at forced sales,) but because blacks rule and whites only are despoiled. There is a State union, with branches in every county, and subordinate unions in towns, villa? ges and hamlets. The idea is to bring in every tax-paver in the State, and to weld them all as a solid body for the common good. Their vote will tell in some locations, but will have no effect in State elections. Their money? what little is left them?is the chief thing; and from the detailed provisions about assess? ments, we infer that they mean to trust tfce most to that silent power. As in Louisiana, j so in South Carolina, it is the wisest policy to detach, negroes from the main body, and dollars will do this better than bullying. The South Carolina whites have suffered as badly as their Louisiana brethren, but they keep cool, and we have some faith in their moderate scheme of procuring redress. The tax-payers of both States would only add to their afflictions, im? measurably, by engaging in a war of races.? New York Journal of Commerce. Hope and Help for South Carolina.? The cause of South Carolina is attracting atten? tion everywhere, and it is not impossible that her condition will be ameliorated, very soon, by outside pressure brought to bear upon that ele? ment of power which is most effectua1. The St. Louis Republican says "one word from Pres? ident Grant will work tne deliverance of South Carolina. One word from him freed Arkansas from the whole regime of scoundrels who had fastened their beaks in her vitals?changed an? archy into peace, substituted liberty for oppres? sion, and turned disaffection into contentment. Why has it never occurred to the President to use the public patronage for the relief of South Carolina? Why has it never occurred to the Jfew York Times to advise it ? If it were whis-1 pored throughout the State that Presiden Grant had withdrawn his countenance from the local Republican party which supports Gov. Moses and his accomplices, and 11 tho rumor were confirmed by the peremptory dismissal of a dozen Republi?n office-nolders and the ap? pointment of as many non-Republicans in their places?rtne work would be begun and ended at the same time. Moses and his con iterate thieves and robbers would quail before the un? expected frown of the President, and the whole fabric of South Carolina villany would tumble to the ground in a day,a8 did tho whole fabric of Arkansas villany, in similar circumstan? ces." We have good authority for believing that President Grant will, in due season, ?peak the saving word called for by the Republican. Meanwhile every good and true man in South Carolina should bestir himself for the redemp? tion of his State, remembering that. God helps those who help themselves.?Augusta Constitu? tionalist, j Acts and Joint Resolutions Passed by the General Assembly of South Carolina, at the Session of 1878-74. AN ACT to incorporate the people's ac? commodation railroad company. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same: Section 1. That 0. H. P. Fant, R. F. Div ver, James J. Gilmer, F. E. Harrison, W. R. Broyles, G. W. Maret, D. Bieman, J. P. Micker, C. E. Watson, C. Jones, Abel Robins, J. W. Shelor, J. P. Reed, S. M. Pegg, Samuel John? son, Henry Kennedy, S. McCuily, B. F. Whit ner, B. F. Weims, John R. Cochran, and their associates and successors, be, and they are here? by, constituted as a body politic and corporate, by the name and style of the People's Accom? modation Railroad Company. Sec. 2. That the said company shall have powor and authority to build and construct a railroad from a point at or near the confluence of the Tugalo and Seneca Rivers, in South Carolina, to the town of Walhalla, and, also, to the town of Anderson, by the most direct and practicable route to each of said towns; to ac? quire, by purchase or otherwise, and to hold, own, possess and sell, or otherwise transfer, real and personal estate. It shall also have all and every other power, authority, privilege and right common or necessary to similar corpora? tions, not inconsistent with the laws of this State or the provisions of this Act. Sec 3. That the said corporators shall be ex officio Directors of said company, with the usual powers and privileges, including the power to fill vacancies in their body, should any occur, until said company is fully organ ized.' Sec. 4. That for the purpose of creating the capital stock of said company, which shall not exceed two millions of dollars, the said corpo? rators, or a majority of them, are hereby au tiwtiagd and empowered, so soon after the pass? age of tEis^Act as may be deemed advisable, to appoint Commissioners to open books of sub? scription, at such tirae3 and places, and under such rules and regulations, as may be pre? scribed ; the capital stock of said company to be divided into shares of one hundred dollars each, payable in money, land, labor or material necessary in the construction or equipment of said railroad, bonds, stock or other valuable credits, in such manner, and upon such terms, as may be agreed between the said company and such subscribers. Sec. 5. That the said company shall have full power and authority to connect with or cross all other railroads on its proposed line; and, also, to unite or consolidate with other railroads, either in or out of the State, in such manner, and upon such terms, as may be agreed between the companies so consolidating: Provided, The same be not inconsistent with the laws of this State. Sec. 6. That any County or town interested in the construction of the People's Accommo? dation Railroad be, and is hereby, authorized and empowered to subscribe to the capital stock of said company, or of any company with which it may ufiite or consolidate; said sub? scription to be made in bonds of such County or town, and to be payable in such manner as the people or proper authorities of such Coun? ty or town, under the provisions of this Act, shall deem best, determine and authorize: Pro? vided, Said subscription shall not exceed five per cent, of the assessed value of the real and personal property in snch County or town: Provided, further, That no subscription shall be made unless a majority of the qualified vo? ters of such County or town, after due adver? tisement of the amount to be subscribed and the manner of its payment, shall, at an election held for the purpose, cast their votes in favor of said subscription. For this purpose the County Commissioners are hereby authorized and empowered, on the written' petition of twenty legal voters of such County or town, to provide for the holding of such election. The election shall be conducted in the same man? ner as is now provided by law for general elec? tions; and the Commissioners of Election, within ten days after the time of holding the same, shall forward to the Board of County Commissioners a certified return, setting forth the entire number of votes cast thereat, and also the number of votes cast respectively for and against making such subscription. Sec. 7. If a majority of the entire number of votes cast at the election shall be in favor of making such subscription the Board of County Commissioners shall immediately cause such bonds to be printed or engraved, and sign the same, and also have the same counter? signed by their clerk and sealed with their seal. The said bonds shall be numbered and deliv? ered to the said company on receipt of an amount of stock of the said company equal to the amount of the said bonds. Sec. 8. This Act shall be deemed a public Act, and continue in force ninety-nine years. Approved March 3, 1874. Extraordinary Gratitude.?A number of years ago, while the Tom Thumb troupe were traveling through New York, the cash box, containing several hundred dollars of the funds, was stolen. Mr. William P. Miller, who was then treasurer of the troupe, suspected a girl who was employed at the hotel where they were, and his suspicions were further con? firmed by her sudden disappearance. He man? aged, however, to get track of her, after some time had elapsed, and worked up the case so well that she confessed to him that she had taken the money to purchase a wedding outfit, and that the marriage was soon to take place. She refunded half of the stolen money, and Mr. Miller decided not to prosecute her for the balance. Shortly after she married a wealthy English gentleman, who was engaged in the lumber business in Chicago. Not many years had elapsed when her husband died leaving her all of his property. A few months ago she also died, and in her will she left to Mr. Miller the sum of $300,0000, as an expression of her gratitude for not having prosecuted her when in his power. Mr. Miller, who is now of the firm of Miller, Morrisson & Co., New York, recently received a letter from her adminis? trator, stating that he could draw on him for $100,000 at any time.?N. Y. Express, The Rich Man's Entrance Door.?That passage from the New Testament which reads, "It is easier for a camel," etc., is familiar to all readers, and haff perplexed may good men who have read it literally. Yet the explanation of its precise meaning is very simple. In Oriental cities there are in tho large gates small and very narrow apertures, called 'needles' as we talk of windows on ship-board as "bulls' eyes." These entrances are too narrow for a camel to pass through in the ordinary manner even if unloaded. When a loaded camel has to pass through one of these entrances, it kneels down, its load is removed, and then it shuffles through on its knees; he must kneel and bow his head to go thro' the 'eye of a needle,' that is, the low, arched door of an enclosure; and, thus the rich man must humble himself when he enters the gates of heaven. , Autobiography of a Cotton Bale. IN TWO CHAPTERS. CHAPTER I. j I was raised in Wake county, North Caro lina, by a farmer of moderate means. At an early age I learned from a conversation between the farmer and a neighbor that I and the land on which I was raised were mortgaged to a Baltimore firm, who had furnished fertilizers for the soil, and also to a Raleigh merchant who had sold supplies of Western bacon and corn for the support of the field hands, and Northern hay and oats for the mules. The farmer complained that necessity had forced him to pay a very high rate of interest for the use of the capital invested in the above men? tioned fertilizers and farm supplies, and that he had in addition to pay a heavy fee for draw? ing and recording the mortgage securing the commission merchants. I noticed that the mules on the farm were poorly fed, and that as they passed the lot gate they eagerly nipped a few bunches of luxuri? ant clover which had sprung up from seed* dropped out of the Northern oats. The farmer said, as the mules passed on, "I would sow au acre iu clover, but I need all my best land for cotton." I have nothing very remarkable to tell you concerning my youthful days. I observed that the hands employed in the field were poorly clad. Most of them were coarse, cheap North? ern made clothes, shoes and hats, and from their rude talk I found that they had very little education. The wives and children of these farm laborers frequently came to the field, and I saw that the women wore Northern calico dresses, and that the children were growing up in ignorance. After being picked and packed I was taken to Raleigh. The commission merchant said to the farmer: "Cotton is flat to-day, but we expect it will go up soon." The farmer sighed and replied : "Well," I guess I weut into a large new brick store, and accidently heard the merchant say to the clerk: "Insure this bale of cotton and charge Mr. A. with insurance and storage." I remained shut up for some time, when the farmer came one day and the merchant said to him: "Cotton is no better, but I am compelled to have some money. I will ship your bale to Baltimore and do the best I can with it" A dray soon came up, and as I was hoisted into it, the merchant said: "Have this bale insured and directed to W. & H., Baltimore. They will pay the freight and insurance." I was hurried over the railroad to Norfolk and thence by steamer to Baltimore. I was then stored for some time, when I was sold to au agent of a Rhode Island manufacturer. As I passed out I heard the merchant calculating how much was due him as storage and commis? sion on my sale. My purchaser was also busy in getting out his insurance on me and arrang? ing to pay freight on me to Rhode Island. Nothing occurred on the route to my desti? nation worthy of remark. When I arrived at the factory I fouud several thousand friends raised in North Carolina. I noticed the women and children seemed cheerful, but none of them wore Southern made shoes or Southern made boots or Southern made clothes, or ate South? ern bacon. The dray horses were well kept, but did not eat Southern hay or oats. The owner of the factory, they said, was very rich, and had made his fortune manufacturing cot? ton cloth for the New York market. I was hurried through the factory and came out a bolt of nice, smooth cloth. I was hurried into a bale of cloth for a New York wholesale house, and as I went out over heard a conver? sation of the owner of the mill. He said he was realizing handsome profits from his factory, and besides he was giving employment to a hundred families, and was one of the largest tax-payers in the State. I then went to New York to the establish? ment of one of the merchant princes, and was delighted to hear him say to a clerk, "send this bale to Messrs. Tucker, Raleigh." As I had passed over the route before, it was not new to me and I arrived safely in Raleigh in less than a week. By chance I was put on the bottom of a large pile of cloth, and having nothing to do, I entered into a little calculation. It was as follows : I have changed hands often. First the Raleigh merchant realized his profit and stor? age. Then the Insurance agent. Then the Railroads got their freights. Then the steamers got their freight. Then the Baltimore mer? chant got his storage and commissions. Then the Northern Insurance agent got his per cent. Then the manufacturer got his profits. The New York wholesale merchant got his per cent. Then the railroads and steamers got their re? turn freight and the insurance man got another per cent. Messrs. Tucker must have a per cent, and Here a clerk reached down and pulled me out with a jerk, and lo and bchola I my old master, the man who raised me, said he would tak? me, "that he wanted some norrard home? spun," and I was bundled and am now at my old home in Wake, expecting shortly to be cut up. CHAFIER II. I believe when Mr. Tucker's clerk Lroke the thread of my discourse, I was making a calcu? lation. I had told how tbj followiug persons realized profits on mc: 1. The Raleigh Cotton Factor. 2. The Railroads aud Steam lines. 3. The Insurance Agents. 4. The Baltimore Merchant. 5. The Northern Railroads. 6. The Northern Insurauce Companies. 7. The Manufacturer. 8. The Wholesale Merchant. 9. The railroads on return freight. 10. The Insurance men on return risks. 11. The retail dealer. These parties all show a deep interest in mc, and I wish to say I entertain no unkind feelings toward any of them. The profits they realized from mc were legitimate and proper. But I feel very kindly for the man who raised me, and when I considered that ho paid all these accumulated profits, added to the original cost, I did not wonder that he dressed poorly and was hard pressed to support his family. I have traveled around and listened to calculat? ing men talk, and I inted to whisper a word to him through the Crescent. What I want to say is: Raise your own hogs. Don't buy Western bacon at a high price when cotton is liablo to be at a low price 1 Sow an acre or two in clo? ver. It will save com and enable you to feed your teams better, and will cost you less than Northern oats and hay. It will enable you to feed your cows better, and they will give more and better milk. Your calves will grow larger and make finer cattle. Raise your own corn aud wheat. Don't plant all cotton. If your land is poor, sow peas and improve it. Save all your barn-yard manure, compost your veg? etable mould, aud don't buy worthless fertili? zers. And when 1 get through whispering to the farmer, I want to say a word or two to the capitalists. Cotton must be raised in the South. There will always be a demand for the manufactured article. We have water-powers in abundance. If Northern manufacturers can pay transpor? tation and insurance on the raw material, and manufacture it on the frozen streams of New England, and realize handsora profits, why cannot the Southern manufacturer, who can purchase it at his door without freight and insurance charges, compete successfully with the Northern manufacturer ? Our water-pow? ers are as good; streams are seldom "frozen; our climate is better; we can work more days in the year: labor can be had as cheap. Be? sides making large profits on the capital inves? ted, you will give employment to our poor women and children, and the cost of manufac? turing, instead of enriching men a thousand miles away, will be spent with our own mer? chants and tradesmen, and thus improve the condition of our own State. I do not wish to be misunderstood. I do not desire North Carolinians to invest their capital in factories because I entertain any unkind feeling for Northern people. I have had enough of sectionalism. I was once known as "King Cotton," but my crown, if not entirely ruined, is badly damaged by sectional difficulties. I only mention the North because most of our staple is manufactured there. I wish to see all our people, North and South, prosper, but I can see nothing like prosperity for the South? for North Carolina?until her people learn to raise their own food, manufacture their own staple, and give employment to their own me? chanics.?Raleigh [N. C.) Crescent. The Southern States. Has the government a policy inits treatment of the reconstructed States ? Has it had a policy since the close of the war? If it has one, and has had one, is it not about time it was changed ? If the present condition of these is in any respect the fruit of the policy, have we not had enough of it? Men of com? mon sense and common honesty learn by expe? rience, and try to realize in practice what they learn. The Confederate States, or those which called themselves such during the civil war, have passed through a political, social, and industri? al revolutiou. They were left at the close of the war utterly poor, with their industrial for? ces and machinery destroyed, with a new po? litical element to be assimilated or amalgama? ted, their political institutions to be reconstruc? ted, and their old political relations to the Union to be renewed. They needed, in this tremendous emergency, the wisest and most considerate treatment. We have nothing to do with the question whether they had sinned, and deserved punishment. We are not called upon to decide whether, in the great disasters and trials that have followed the war, they have received only a just retribution. We fought for the Union, and the re-establishment of the old relations; and the moment the mil? itary power of the Confederacy was crushed, it was the business of our government, in the kindest, firmest, most sympathetic, and most generous way, to reclaim their affectionate loy? alty. Has the government done it? Has it tried to do it? South Carolina, Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas have an answer to the question, which is pretty well known through? out the Union. In some of the Southern States a condition approaching absolute anarchy exists. Carpet? baggers, leading a host of black and ignorant men, are, in two or three of these, pitted against the resident whites, on whose intelli? gence and loyalty the future welfare of those States depends. In others, a rebellion against this state of things has taken place, which drives two-thirds of the black vote from the polls. Taxes are heavy, and are often absorbed by the corrupt schemes of politicians. Men are not only discouraged, but are full of the bitterness that comes from oppression. They feel that they are wronged, that they have no future; that they cannot protect themselves; that the general government docs not and will not protect them, and that nothing but death or voluntary exile will give them relief. To say that tne national government cannot constitutionally help this state of things, is to acknowledge that the doctrine of State rights, in whose name, and by whose authority, the Southern States strove to throw off the national rule, is a sound one. The national govern? ment can help it, and ought to have helped it long ago. What are the petty rascalities of two or three contractors, over which we make such ado, by the side of the* terrible condition of these States ? What significance has the mal-admin istration of the revenue laws by the side of whole peoples, ground into the earth by pover? ty, and torn by civil dissensious ? We strain at a gnat and swallow camels by the caravan. Oh, for a man, or a body of men who will "take the responsibility!" If the old Dutch? men, of Pennsylvania, who are said to vote at every Presidential election for Gen. Jackson, are simply loyal to an idea, we have a profound respect for their instincts, and for their ignor? ance. They are right. He is the kind of man wo want in every department of Federal power. ?Dr. J. G. Holland, in Scribner's for July. Peas with Corn and Oats with Cotton. ?As a rule, one crop on the ground at a time is enough, and all crowding is unprofitable. As a partial exception, we advise peas with com, and in some cases the small grains with cottou, as they make most of their growth after the original crop has ceased to require the soil, and we repeat hero instructions given last year on this point: "Oats may be sown at the last working of the cotton, no extra labor being required, except the broadcasting of the seed between the rows, in advance of the ploughs; but oats sown so early in the season require to be fed off before the final picking of the cotton, to prevent them from prematurely throwing up the teed stem. Sheep do this work, with great benefit to themselves and with no damage to tho cotton, provided, of course, that they are turned out as soon as the oats are well cropped. Wheat, sown later, requires to be covered with tho plough or cultivator. During the winter, the cotton stalks must be broken down, when the grain will have full possession of the field. This plan has been found to work well, when the land has been in good condition and is worthy of a more extensive trial, where labor and mule-power are scarce; but it does not permit that thorough preparation of the land necessary to the best results in small grain culture."?Rural Carolinian for July. Simple Antidote fob Poison.?If a per? son swallows any poison whatever, or has fallen into convulsions from having overloaded the stomach, an instantaneous remedy, more effi? cient and applicable in a large numher of cases than any half a dozen medicines, ia a heaping teaspoonful of common salt and as much ground mustard stirred rapidly in a teacup of water, warm or cold, and swallowed instantly. It is scarcely down before it begins to come up, bringing with it the remaining contents of the stomach, and lest there be any remnant of the poison, however small, let the white of an egg or a teacup of strong coffee be swallowed as soon as the stornach-is quiet. These very com? mon articles nullify a larger number of virulent poisons than any medicines in the shops. ' Science and the Bible. A friend of the late Professor Maury, having asked him whether there could be found "dis? tinct traces in the Old Testament of scientific knowledge, or any knowledge of the winds and ocean currents," the Professor replied as fol? lows : "Yes, knowledge the most correct and valua? ble. 'Canst thou bind the sweet influence of the Pleiades ?' It is a curious fact that the rev? elations of science have led astronomers of our own day to the discovery of the dead centre of motion around which comets sweep and plan? ets whirl; but that it, with its splendid retinue of worlds and satelites, is revolving through the realms of space, at the rato of millions of miles in a year, and in obedience to some in? fluence situated precisely in the direction of the star Alcyone, one of the Pleiades. We do not know how far off in the immensities of space that centre of revolving cj'cles and epicycles may be; nor have our oldest observers of nicest in? struments been able to show us how far off" in the skies that beautiful cluster of stars is hung, whose influences man can never bind. In this question alone, and the now answer to it, are involved both the recognition and exposition of the whole theory of gravitation. "Science taught that the world was round ; but potentates pronounced the belief heretical, notwithstanding the Psalmist, while apostro? phizing the works of creation in one of his sublime moods of inspiration, when the prophets spoke as they were moved, had called it the 'round world,' and made ;t re? joice. "You recollect when Galileo was in prison, a pumpmaker came to him with his difficulties, because his pump would not lift water higher than thirty-two feet. The old philosopher thought it was because the atmosphere would not press it up any higher; but. the haad of persecution was upon him and he was afraid to say that the air had weight. Now had he look? ed to the science of the Bible, he would have discovered that the 'perfect' man of 'Uz,' moved by revelation, had proclaimed the fact thou? sands of years before: 'He maketh the weight of the winds.' Job is very learned, and his speeches abound in scientific lore. The persecu? tors of the old astronomer would have been wiser and far more just had they paid more at? tention to this wonderful book; for there they would have learned that 'He stretches out the north over the empty place, and hangeth the earth upon nothing.' There is another proof that Job was familiar with the laws of gravita? tion ; for he know how the world was held in its place. And, as for the 'empty place' in the sky, Sir John H?rschel has been sounding the heavens with his powerful telescope, and gua ging the stars, and where do you think ho finds the most barren part?the empty place?of the sky? In the North, precisely where Job told Bildad, theShuhite, the empty place was stretch? ed out. It is there where comets most delight to roam and hide themselves in emptiness. "I pass by the history of creation as it is written on the tablet of the rock and in the book of revelations, because the question has been discussed so much and so often, that you are no doubt familiar with the whole subject. In both, the order of creation is tho same: First tho plants, to afford sustenance, and then the animals. The chief point of appearent differ? ence being as to the duration of tho period be? tween the 'evening and the morning.' 'A thou - sand years are as ono day;' and the Mosaic account affords evidences itself that the term day, as there used, is not that which compre? hends our twenty-four hours. It was a day that had its evenings and mornings before the sun was made. "I will, however, before proceeding further, ask pardon for mentioning a rule of conduct which I have adopted, in order to make prog? ress with these physical researches which have occupied so much of my time and many of my thoughts, and that rule is never to forget who is the Author of the great vol? ume which nature spreads out before us, and always to remember that tho same Be? ing is also the author of the book which revela? tion holds up to us; and though the two works are entirely different, the records are equally true, and when they bear upon the same sub? ject, as now and then they do, it is as impossi }le that they should contradict each other as it is that either should contradict itself. If the two cannot be reconciled, the fault is ours, and is because, in our blindness and weakness, wo have not been able to interpret aright either the one or tho other, or both. "Solomon, in a single verse, describes the circulation of the atmosphere as actual obser? vation is now showing it to be. That it has its laws and is as obediont to order as the heaven? ly hosts in their movements, we infer from the fact announced by him, and which contains the essence of volumes by other men. 'All the rivers run into tho sea; yet tho sea is not full. Unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again.' "To investigate the laws which govern the wind and rule the sea, is ono of tho most profi? table and beautiful occupations that a man, an improving, progressive man, can have. Deck? ed with stir" as the sky is, the liold of astrono? my affords no subjects of contemplation more ennobling, moi-e sublime, or more profitable than those which wo find in the air and the sea. "When wo regard them from certain points of view, thoy present the appearance of way? ward things', obedient to no law, but fickle in their movements and subject only to chance. Yet when wo go, as truth-loving, knowledge seeking explorers, and knock at their secret chambers and devoutly ask what are the laws which govern them, we are taught in terms the most impressive that when the morning stars sang together, the waves also lilted uj) their voice, and tho winds, too, joined in thoalmigh l tv anthem. And as discovery advances we find the marks of order in tho sea and in the air, that are in tuno with the spheres, and the conviction is forced upon us that the laws of all aro nothing else but perfect harmony." A Dangerous PiiA.ce.?The Walhalla Cou? rier comvaenta in this wiso upon the dangerous and responsible character of tho of fieo of County Commissioner, and the necessity of selecting good men for the position: The office ofCounty Commissioner is one in? volving the most important and responsible duties of*any position in the County. Tho proper discharge of its duties requires tho pos? session and exercise of sound judgment, prac? tical common sense, good business qualifica? tions, firmness, integrity, energy and activity. While many may possess some of these leading requisites, very low combine them all. There is no office which so nearly concorns the inter? ests of the county as that of County Commis? sioner. Thoy are both judicial and ministerial officers. Their jurisdiction extends over roads, highways, ferries, bridges and to all matters relating to taxes and disbursements of money for county purposes, and to overy other case that may be necessary to the internal improve? ment and local concerns of their respective counties. Many matters involving largely tho pecuniary interests of tho county aro left whol? ly within their discretion. Notwithstanding their extended and complicated duties, a very general impression seems to prevail, that this office can bo filled by almost any person. As a consequence in many counties^ ignorant and incompetent men have been elected, and wheth? er criminally in intent or not, thoy have com? mitted acts which hare led to their indictment, conviction, punishment nod disgrace. There being no office, capable of greater good or evil to the countv, according as its duties are dis? charged, the'very best men should be selected to fill it. ? A correspondent writes to the Scientific American that the worst toothache, or neural? gia coming from the teeth, may he speedily and delightfully ended by the application of a small bit of cloan cotton saturated in a strong solution of ammonia to the defective tooth. Sometimes the late sufferer is prompted to mo? mentary nervous laughter by the application, but the pain has disappeared. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? Look out for the best aspects of a roan as you do for the views in the country. ? A Mississippi man was recently sent to prison for five years for stealing a hoopskirt? with a woman in it. ? "What are you doing?" said a father to a son who was tinkering at an old watch. "Im? proving my time, sir." ? Saw dust pills would cure many of the diseases of mankind, if every patient would make his own saw dust. ? "Whereare you going?" asked a little boy of another who had slipped on an icy pavement. "Going to get up," was the blunt reply. ? The editor of a religious paper says, "In ordinary cases the best doctor you can have is the mother or grandmother, who has piloted through the rocks of infantile disease a whole family." ? Take sour apples, dig out the cores, place the apples in a deep dish or tin, fill the cav? ities where the cores came out with sugar, pour a cup of hot water in the tin, bake in a quick oven, and you will have a healthful and pala? table disfy. ? We heard a man complain about the weight of his baby the other day, and to our certain knowledge that same mau used to hold the mother of that baby in his arms hours after the fond parents of said girl had gone to their virtuous couch. ? A rural paper observes with great felicity of expression: "Tliese moonlight nights 1 Ah, by how many vine-embowered gates 'soft eyes look love to eyes that speak again/ and the pressure of a tiny hand in the huge masculine paw wakes to ecstacy the living liar." ? The man who has a family of children and does not take a newspaper, is taking upon himself the responsibility of turning loose upon the community a set of ignorant beings to dis? grace his name, who, for a few cents a day, might be made intelligent and well-informed citizens. ? Paper flour barrels are being made in Iowa. They are said to be waterproof, to weigh much less than wooden barrels' and to stand more rough usage. One of the man? ufactures predicts that in five years every bar? rel of Western flour will be shipped in barrels made from the straw the wheat grew in. ? A Kentucky editor being challenged by a county treasurer for calling him "the red-head? ed, malignant mule who dissipates the county money," produced his manuscript and showed that he wrote, "the big-hearted, .Jiantsoul who dispenses the county money." The treas? urer withdrew the challenge, and substi? tuted an invitation to an oyster supper instead. ? "Now, gentlemen," said a peripatetic lecturer, to a somewhat noisy crowd, who had gathered to one of his seances in an Eastern village, "how would you like a good blackgdard story? All in favor will raise their hands." Nine-tenths of the dexter paws present in? stantly went up, and there was a sudden hush i of all noisy demonstrations. The lecturer went on with his original subject for a few minutes, when some incautious individual broke out with, "Say, where's that story?" "Blessyou," was the reply, "I did not intend to tell any such story. I only wanted to know how many blackguards were present." You might have heard a pin drop any time during the lecture, after that. Bee Keeping Pays.?A colony, if properly managed, will every year give another colony without injuring itself; indeed, it is really bet? ter, because it exchanges in swarming its old for anew queen. The capital invested in the hive i3 thus doubled every season, giving one hundred per cent, on the money, whether the hive be worth five dollars or twenty-five. In average seasons, from thirty to fifty pounds of honey may be obtained also from both the old and new colonies. When the number increases too much, part may be sold ; or, if it is pre? ferred to have less increase and more surplus honey, they may be easily managed to secure that end. Does anything pay better than this? In almost every country village in the land, to say nothing of the cities, honey is a high priced luxury, while at the same time, rich honey harvests all around are unappropriated. This should not be. While we do not advise any to go bee keeping on a large scale, unless sure they possess an aptitude for the business, we would urge every dweller in the country, and many in the towns and suburbs of the cities, to keep bees enough to furnish honey. Only one rule is necessary to be observed to in? sure success, whether ycu have few hives or many; Keep every colony always strong in numbers. When in thfc condition they are prepared to winter well, to rear broods to keep their numbers good, and if adverse seasons come, wait without injuy, until better times.? Exchange. The Moox as a Farmer.?A farmer tells us that he does not doubt that fully one-half of the tillers of the soil in this country believe in the good and bad influences of the moon in the development of vegetation, and year after year they follow the directions that have come down to us from far-ott* generations of men. The same remark will hold good for agricultu? ral communities the world over. Products that fruit under ground, as potatoes, turnips, &c., are duly planted in the dark of the moon, while those that fruit in the light are planted or sown iu the full of the moon. The same rule holds, they say, iu the setting of fence posts and the laying of shingle; ? if set in the dark of the moon posts wili last longer, and shingles will not curl up as they say they will do if they are laid in the light of the moon. "Hitch your wagon to a star," is a trancenden? tal sentence of Emerson's. Agriculturalists ao not go 30 far as that?at least we never saw a wagon th is "hitched"?horses, mules, oxen, steers, cows, heifers, &c. being the usual mo? tors; but half the agricultural world seem to take more stock in :u>trology than chemistry. They claim that there is a great deal iu the moon theory. It is, furthermore, claimed that moonlight rapidly deteriorates meats and fish exposed in the beams of Luna.? Washington, (Ton:a) Press. ? ? i m The Tomato. ?Dr. Bennett, a professor of some celebrity, considers it as an invaluable article of diet, and ascribes to it very im? portant medical properties: 1. That the tomato is one of the most pow? erful aperients of tho materia medica, and that in all those affections of the liver and organs where calomel is indispensable, it is probably the most effective and least harmful remedial agent known to the profession. 2. That a chemical extract pill can be ob? tained from it which will altogether supersede the use of calomel in the cure of disease. 3. That he has often successfully treated the diarrhoea with this article alone. 4. That when used as an article of diet, it is almost a sovereign remedy for dyspepsia and indigestion. 5. That the citizens in ordinary should make use of it either raw, cooked, or in the form of catsup, with their daily food, as it 13 a most healthy article.