Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

1_?_:_ * ?? ? ?? ? -??i ? ? ? ? HOYT & CO., Proprietors. ANDERSON 0. H., S. 0., THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 4, 1873. VOLUME IX.?NO. 9. STEAM vs. WATER. Letter from Ex-Governor Joseph E.'Brown. Atlajjta, Ga., April 22,1873. Hotf. j. P. Reed, Astdesson, S. C?My Dear Sir: Your esteemed favor of the 17th instant ia before me, and in reply I have to state that I have not had an opportunity to examine carefully the relative cost of pro? pelling machinery for cotton factories by water and by steam. Some contend that steam is equally ~~'as: cheap: My own opinion is, that good water power is cheaper than steam, though abundant experience has shown that the busi? ness may be conducted very-profitably in the absence of water power by the use of steam. The Milledgeville factory, for instance, with the operations of which I am somewhat famil? iar, has, from the beginning, been run with steam, and it has been made not only a paying but a profitable investment. And the same, I understand, is true of the Macon factory, and several others in this State, though the most eminently successful cotton mill is in. Augusta, propelled by water power. Efforts are being made here to get up one or more cotton mills at thisplace, but up to this time a sufficient amount of stock has not been subscribed. If cotton mills should be located here, they will doubtless be run by steam, as the iron mills, flour mills and other manufac? turing establishments now are propelled in that manner. Coal is used exclusively, I believe, in this city for manufacturing purposes at present, and is a good d<?al cheaper than wood as a fuel. Our people are very fast abandoning the use of wood for fuel in their houses, and adopting coal; and as our coal interests are further developed, so as to cheapen the article, it will be used exclusively. At present, coal can be delivered in Chattanooga at three dollars per ton, and the freight to this point is $1.80 pe*ton, making, say, $4.S0 per ton, delivered here. I suppose it would cost you two dollars more to lay it down at Anderson, making, say, in round numbers, $7.00 per ton by the car load. Our people have been paying here for the East Tennessee coal, for grates, $8.75 per ton by retail during the past winter, and they find it cheaper than wood. It is proper that I remark, however, that the Milledgeville, the Macon and other factories in Georgia run by steam, have used wood all the while, and made the business profitable. The increased development of the coal interests in Tennessee and Georgia will, I believe, soon re? duce the price of coal still lower, and put it within your reach. If your people undertake to build a factory at Anderson, pardon me for making a single suggestion. An error very frequently commit? ted is, to put a large amount of capital into a line house, so as to make quite a display in the appearance of "the concern. This will do very well for a wealthy company that is driving a profitable business, but is not very sensible for beginners. The use of the house is'simply to shelter and protect the machinery, and the plainer and cheaper the structure, provided it be substantial and convenient, the less it will cost, and the larger will be the dividends. A citizen with "small means always acts unwisely to put most of it in a fine house, upon which he pays heavy taxes and for occasional repairs, without deriving any dividends from it And the same rules will apply as well to a manufac? turing establishment. However, your own good practical sense * will readily teach you this, without any argument from me. Wishing you and your people much success in this and every other laudable enterprise, I am, very respectfully, your friend and obedient servant, JOSEPH E. BROWN. Letter from H. H. Hicfcman, President of Graniteville Manufacturing Co. Augusta, Ga., April 28,1873. J. P. Reed, Esq.?Dear Sir: I have your favor of the 17th instant?contents duly noted. . I have for some time been investigating the subject of steam, from the fact thai I had a de? sire to extend our operations at Graniteville. I have satisfied myself that I could build a mill at Graniteville to run in connection with the old mill, to be propelled by steam, and do better than to go elsewhere, from the fact that I possess many advantages at Graniteville. But if I were going to build a new mill at any ? other point, I would prefer water power. I must say that I would not like to invest money in a small steam mill, for it will require the same skilled labor that a large mill would, and skilled labor is expensive. I believe, however, that money could be made by steam power, if well managed?wood at $3.00 per cord, or coal at $7.50 per ton. I find that I could get coal at Graniteville for $7.00 to $7.50 ton. You no doubt could get it at the same price,'per Chattanooga via At? lanta. * * * I refer you to A. D. Lockwood, 56 Sear's. Building, Boston, one of the best mill men in New England, for better information. Truly yours, H. H. HICKMAN. JiClter from A. D. Lockwood, Cottou Mill Uu irinccr. Boston, June 18, 1873. J. P. Reed, Esq.?Dear Sir : Yours of the 5th instant is before me, and I would say in reply that I have no doubt of the practicability of successfully using steam power in cottou manufacturing, where fuel is to be had at rea? sonable prices. Other things being equal, I should give the preference to water power over Steam, and simply because fuel costs something in all places, and this, as far as it goes, is an objection. Many of our moat successful New England mills, however, are worked by steam power, which proves that success docs not depend so much upou the kiud of power used, as the kiud of machinery, manner of working it, aud local circumstances. With wate? power you are confined to the river banks; but with steam you can locate any where?by your cotton fields, on the line of your railroads, where lumber aud labor are abundant and cheap, in your towns, or in the" country, as circumstances may favor. These things must be put as an offset for the cost of fuel. As I stated at first, other, things being equal, water power is to be preferred. I am now mating plans for a steam mill re? quiring an engine of 1000 horse-power, and for a party who has had extensive experience, and on a large scale,- both with water and itearm and he does not hesitate at all about largely extending his works by the use of steam power. I could go more into details if necessary, but I suppose this general statement of results and practices here, is quite as satisfactory as a more detailed statement would ' e. Yours truly, A. D. LOCKWOOD. _0 Letter from John J. Gresham, President of Macon Manufacturing Co. Macon, Ga., July 10,1S73. J. P. Reed, Esq.?Dear Sir: In answer to your inquiry I will state that I am not a man? ufacturer, but have had some knowledge of the workings of a steam cotton mill for the last twenty years. I have been the president of the Macon Manufacturing Co., and though having nothing to do with the workings of the mill, I have known all about it. About 1S50, there wero eight or ten steam mills put up in Georgia. I am sorry to say every one of them failed ex? cept ours. The causes of their failures were, 1. They cost more .than the subscribed capital, 2. They were badly constructed, and were not properly run by efficient men- 3. They were badly located as to fuel and transportation. Tbese were, I think, the main causes of their failure. . Yours, &c., - ? JOHN J. GRESHAM. Letter from. E. Waitzfeldcr&Co., Commission Merchauts. New York, August 11,1S73. J. P. Reed, Esq., Anderson, S. Q.?Dcar Sir: We duly received your favor of 24th June, and tender apology for not sooner re? plying to same. As Go v. Brown mentioned our name in connection with the practicability of running cotlon mills by steam or water power, we most cheerfully submit such obser? vations appertaining thereto as may be of value to you in organizing a cotton mill. We have been running two cotton mills for a considerable period, and are doing so at the present time, one located at Millcdgeville, Ga., the other in Philadelphia. At the former we use wood for fuel,- and coal at latter. Coal is most economical, provided it can be obtained in the neighborhood. A mill eligibly situated on a canal, with plenty of water and no water rent, (or even a small one,) or waier power from a river with a good water fall und steady run, is cheaper than steam. However, without an even supply of water in river or canal, and thereby be subject to low water and overflows, steam is decidedly preferable. If your mill is in a county where there is plenty of pine wood or coal, steam power is nearly as cheap as wa-. ter, when you take into consideration that your mill is not disturbed by stoppages on ac? count of the unreliability of the water, keeping your machinery and operatives idle.* Besides, if your dam is not first-elass it continually re? quires repairing; whereas, with a good boiler and engine, with plenty of wood or coal, you' are not prevented from runuing regularly du? ring all seasons of the year. Furthermore, it will be necessary for you to have steam in the mill for dressing and dyeing' purposes, and for heating in winter time. Our mill at Philadelphia is' situated on the banks of the SchuylkillRiver on one side, and a canal on the other, yet we use steam ; firstly^ owing to cheapness of coal; secondly, the wa? ter rent being high, and the necessary too fre? quent stoppages on account of low or too high water. We regret not being in possession of any documentary data on these subject, but pre? sent foregoing views, the results of our per? sonal experience. As to whether the mill could be made to pay, depends altogether on the management, and the parties intrusted with operating it, as also the amount of capital invested. It would prove disadvantageous to hafe the mill too small, or being without sufficient quantity of approved machinery. These should cost at least $100,000; in addition to which you ought to have some $15,000 to $20,000 available for working capital, so that you could buy for cash, and not be compelled to sacrifice your goods in dull seasons. The more you can in? crease your machinery, the more profitable it would prove for the company. If you succeed in establishing a mill for the manufacture of cotton goods, we would recommend you to get your carding machinery from England, it be? ing considered the best; and if we can be of any service in procuring that or other machine? ry, either in this or the English market, let us hear from you, and we will purchase to best advantage. Hoping your undertaking will be successful, and in that way add a desirable improvement to your Southern town, we are, Very truly yours, E. WAITZFELDEd & CO. ? A little boy being instructed in morals by his grandmother, the old lady told him that all such terms as "by golly," "by jingo," "by thunder," &c., wero only little oaths, and but little better than other profanities. In fact, she said he could tell a profane oath by the prefix "by." All such wero oaths. "Well, then, grandmother," said the hopeful, "is 'by telegraph,' which I see in the newspapers, swearing ?" "No," said the old lady, "that is only lying." Soulhern History?Mr. Davis' Speech. The recent speech of Ex-President Davis, at the Historical Convention, has excited "the ire and stirred the bile of many journals, North and South. We gave a synoptical report of the speech last week, containing all that was cal? culated to offend in any quarter, but the full report gives evidence of beauty and pathos not embodied in the synopsis, and shows* that Mr. Davis has lost none of his'power and eloquence as an orator, albeit the fires of hi3 youth are spent and the measure of his ambition passed away. Among the numerous comments of the newspapers upon this speech, we lind the fol? lowing article in the New York Journal of Commerce, which is a temperate expression of dissent from a Northern standpoint, but which, for its kindly advice in regard to the collection of historical data, deserves a place in our columns-: The Southern Historical Society proposes to do a useful and important work, one in which every, part of the country must take an inter? est. . The mission of this society is to collect the materials for that hypothetical personage, so often referred to, "the future historian." The time is not yet come?it is far off?when the story of a civil war can be fairly and truth? fully written. Too much sensational passion survives the terrible conflict; and, besiaes, the data for the construction of an impartial his? tory have still to be gathered and classified. It may take years for the Southern Historical So? ciety to collect, and assort the documentary evidence now floating about in private hands at the South. For a considerable time after the downfall of the Confederacy the Southern? ers did not have the heart to engage in this line of research. They cared but little what was said of them or what became of them. They wanted only food and shelter, and liberty to earn a living unmolested: and as for their military successes or reverses, tbey seemed to desire nothing more than that the chequered events of five years should be buried in the ob? livion they sought for themselves. And it so happened that until within a year pr two there has been no effort worthy of the name to bring together the Southern materials for a history of the Southern armies, liy far the largest known 'collection of this nature iiin the possession of the United Slates Government, the fruits of its captures at the South, ami of purchases made from Confederate agents at the eloic of the war. But the facts there amassed are inadequate to a full understanding of the Southern military movements. Of these the complete and trust? worthy narratives can only be had through the exertions of the Southerners themselves. Un? less the Southern Historical Socicf", or some I such body, .supplies the hiatus, the "future his-1 torian" will be, in ono respect, no better quali? fied to do justice to his great subject than is the historian of our day, The muse of history is passionless, calm, seeking only after the truth : and the proceedings of historical socie? ties appear at the best when they are free from all personal or political feelings. We regret that the appropriate tranquility of the South? ern Historical Convention should have been broken in upon'by the rash and imprudent ut? terances of Mr. Jefferson Davis. They jar most disagreeably upon our sense of wuat was fitting to the time and place. Mr. Davis .knows, or should know, much about the war, in* which he was a loading spirit. He could give the South: cm Historical Society facts and figures that would lie worth having. He could correct some misapprehensions that now exist in North? ern and Southerjfcniimla with regard to impor? tant occurrences of the war. And there could be no better place to do this than at the South? ern Historical meeting, where he was an invi? ted guest?invited, doubtless, for the express purpose of ollering facts or suggestions that would be of use in carrying on the great work of the society. When Mr. Davis gets up he launches at once into a speech glorifying seces? sion, declaring that "we had been cheated rather than conquered," ami that "the men of this day may yield the principles for which they contended, but the children who succeed will cherish and perpetuate them." To the women of the South he addressed himself with much tact, paying beautiful compliments to their "devotion and self-sacrifice," saying that he "had never seen a Southern woman who had been reconstructed," and committing to the faithful and devoted sex his "greatest hope for the future of our country." All that he says of the fortitude, the patience, the self-sac? rifice, aud the unswerving fidelity of the South? ern women is perfectly true?as it is true of womeu in the wars of all lands and ages. The tribute was deserved. But taking it in connec? tion with all else that Mr. Davis said in his ex? altation of the past or in his hopes for the fu? ture, we see that the aifi of his speech was to make his hearers as discontented and bitter as he is himself. We acquit him of any absurd notion of trying to foment another civil war, though some Northern Itadical journals frill probably put that foolish construction on his words, but, nevertheless, his speech, in its ef? fect, was out of place and mischievous. It might have answered well enough for a political barbacue or an after-diruicr occasion. Much could be pardoned to the contagion of partisan excitement or the influence of an undue quan? tity of wine. But we can see no excuse for the intrusion of these gloomy regrets and these threatening prophecies upon a convention of gentlemen assembled to study how they could best save the scattered records of an old war? not hatch plans for a new one. It has often been asserted that Mr. Davis has no measura? ble influence at the South. At all events, we do not believe that he represents the feelings of those Southerners upon whom the fortunes of their country actually depend; the men who can forget as well as forgive; who do not' childishly mourn over the past, but work in the present for the future with a courage that will not let them despair. These arc the men who, while Mr. Davis and a few others are use? lessly lamenting over the lost c'auje, are trying hard to save the South from carpet-baggers and decay. With their co-workers?fchc Conserva? tive men of all parties atihe North?they will yet disappoint the lugubrious expectations of Mr. Jefferson Davis, aud show him a uuion regenerated and disenthralled. Confidence in Others.?-People have gen? erally three epochs in their confidence in man. In the first they believe him to be every thing that is good, and they are lavish with their friendship and confidenec. In the next they have had experience, which has smitten down that confidence, and they then have to be care? ful not to mistrust every one, and to put the worst construction upon cveVy thing. Later iu life, they learn tha?the greater number of men have much more good in them than bad, that even when there is cause to blame, there is more reason to pity than to condemn ; and then a spirit of confideuce again awakens within them. ? Mark Twain modestly denies that he is thc/man alluded to iu the Hue, "Mark the per? fect mau." Agriculture and Polilics. Hon. B. H. Hill, of Georgia, recently deliv? ered a speech, at the Clayton County Fair, in which he considered the question as to what the Southern people must do in the future. We make the following extract from the address, commending it to the careful perusal and study of the farming community: Now, I.affirm, it is cheaper for you to raise your own provisions than to have them brought from the West, and given to you at the nearest depot free of all cost and charges! How is this ? In the first place, if we raise five millions of bales of-cotton, we will get no more money for'them than we would get for half that num? ber. Then, out of the same amount realized you pay for the five -millions, just double cost of production ! Half the labor and supplies employedin raising five million bales of cotton could be employed in raising supplies, without reducing the value of the cotton crop one dollar. But half this labor would raise more than you needed for supplies. You could employ much of it, also, in enriching your lands, and im? proving your property in many ways. Then yon would come to the end of the year with your cribs full of corn, your smoke-houses full of meat, your family full of smiles, yourselves full of independence, and your pockets full of money for investment. And how would you in? vest it ? In cotton factories, on the waterfalls which God sent all through your country to run spindles. This would make you indepen? dent of Old England and New England. Then, also, you would mine your own iron and make your own implements of husbandry, and this would make you independent of Pennsylvania foundries and Massachusetts workshops. In a word, every improvement would be built up in your own country, and all the profits of those improvements would go into your own pockets. Go on s& you are now going, making cot? ton your chief crop, and slavery is the doom of your children and your children's children for? ever ! A people who depend on other people for their food and clothing, are and must be slaves. Make cotton your surplus crop, and your wealth, independence and power will multiply as surely as the years increase. But you say there is a great obstacle in the way of raising our supplies. The freedmen will destroy them before they can be gathered. I admit the full force of this obstacle. The negro, as a race, prefer to live by idleness and theft rather than by labor. When the present generation of negroes?who acquired their dis? ciplinary habits in slavery?shall pass away, the troubles alluded to wilt increase with every future generation. This brings us face to lace with a great problem. And I say herdtnow, if there is not sufficient statesmanship in this country to devise laws which shall eompel the neg|ro to quit stealing and go to work, then the best thing we can do is to pick up our children and hunt another country. I would give the negro every right to which he is entitled under the laws, but he is entitled under no law to be? come the destroyer of his neighbors' property, nor to keep the white race of the South iu pov? erty and bondage. The first thing to be done is to secure home government for home affairs. This is our right and our necessity. We must get control of our own labor and regulate our own industry. Massachusetts and INew York cannot do these things for us wisely or well. With State gov? ernments for State affairs every other good will follow. Without this every evil is inevitable. Well, go on and tell how we are to have this great boon of self-government for our own af? fairs ? I will. It can only be obtained by se? curing a proper interpretation of the Constitu? tion of the United States as now amended, fix? ing the proper limits of the Federal and State governments. This is the great work of the country, and it must be done in the next four years; and it must be done at Washington. Now, my friends, take breath and listen to me, for I want you to comprehend the biggest idea of the age, and one which holds in its keeping the future of yourselves and of you* children for weal or woe. What does the Four? teenth Amendment mean ? Does it mean that citizenship 6? the United States is the primary citizenship in this country; or does it mean that citizenship as it heretofore existed, is only extended to the emancipated race? Does it mean that a man is a citizen of a State because he is first a citizen of the United States; or does it mean he is a citizen of the United States because he is first a citizen of some one of the States ? Protection to the citizen is the duty of the Government. That protection must extend to all civil'rights, such as, to hold property, make contracts, sue, give evidence, inherit, bequeath, and everything which pertains to the security and enjoyment of life, liberty and property. Now the government of which a person is pri? marily a citizen, is bound primarily to extend this protection, and must nave the primary ju? risdiction to that end. If, then, the Fourteenth Amendment has made citizenship of the Uni? ted States, the primary citizenship, tten the primary protection of citizenship is with the Federal Government, and the primary jurisdic? tion to extend that protection is in the Federal Government. But if the primary jurisdiction is in the Federal Government, then the State governments can only exercise such jurisdic? tion subordinate to and under the supervision of the Federal Government. In these few brief words I have feebly pre? sented the question of all questions for all the people of the United States, and the one on the solution of which hangs all possible hopo in the future for the Southern States and people. It will settle whether you shall be paupers antf slaves, or independent freemen. Tiie Wonderful Virtues of Ink.?No fluid, water perhaps, excepted, has so benefitted the world as ink. It has been the medium through which the great thoughts of all the ages have been preserved and disseminated, the discovery by which the art preservative of all arts was made a possibility. And yet, much as has been written on the subject, and long as it has been experimented with, it has remained for the present day to develop some of its most remarkable qualities. One night last week a Louisville gentleman, who had retired to rest after a light supper of soft crabs and cucum? bers, awoke in the night with certain pains, which excited his fears of an attack of cholera. No time was to be lost in warding oft' the fell destroyer. He sprang from his spring mattress, and, seizing a bottle of camphor, took a swal? low, and then vigorously rubbed the affiict?d portion of his person with the restorative, con? tinuing the application after he had returned to bed. He experienced prompt relief, but as his fright left him, it occurred to him that his camphor had lost its customary odor. Again he arose, and this time turned on the gas. A single glance at his night shirt told the tale. Instead of camphor he had used a bottle of su? perior writing fluid. ? "Where did you get that turkey ?" said a colonel to a recruit, who came into camp with a fine bird. "\Stole it!" was the laconic an? swer. "Ah !" said the colonel, "my boys may steal, but they won't lie." Manufactures in the South. Ours is a material, money-seeking age. Its favorite pursuits and investigations are not speculative, chivalric nor romantic, but are employed in those fields which promise to yield the greatest amount of wealth, comfort and iudependence to the individual, and to ciety. The Southern people are in a condition to feel the force of this lact rather painfully They have lost mauy hundreds of millions their property, at a time when other portions of the country have been accumulating wealth rapidly. The Northeast and West are rich and prosperous; the South only moderately so in few scattered localities. Yet the mass of the people in all parts of the United States^elon to the same intellectual, active, thrifty, enter prising Anglo-Saxon race. The agricultural capabilities and mineral resources of the South are of the first order, while its climate is one of the finest on the globe? There is no good reason why the South should lag in the rear the accumulation of wealth, and the acquisi tion of material power" generally. While our lack of development is attributable in no small degree to political causes, much of the blame justly falls upon the Southern people them selves. There is a lamentable want of enter prise apparent in many of the finest portions of our territory. What city of thirty thousand inhabitants in New England would, for exam pie, permit a water power like that of the Ohio falls to run to waste for years as we have done Here is a mine of wealth which, if worked with ihe right object, would not only at once bring a force of operatives to our doors in their own numbers equal to the population of a large city, but every interest and trade now existing in Louisville would receive a powerful impetus The merchants would double their retail cus torn, the wholesale merchants would double their trade, the professions would be bcnefitted iu the same proportion, and every vocation from the highest to the humblest, would re ceive an infusion of new life. Not Louisville ouly sleeps over patent advantages and oppor tunities. Many instances of like neglect exist over the South, whose people are slow to learn the fact, shown in the history of every country in Christendom, that the wealth of a nation comes from her manufactures far more than from the raw material that it produces. It is nonsense to say that manufactures will not prosper in the South. "We maintain, on the contrary, that they can be made more profita ble, with fair business management, in the South than they are to-day in Great Britain, Germany, or New England. An Alabama newspaper of recent date says: "Ex-Governor Patton, of Alabama, in a let tcr to The South, says that the dividend paid by the Augusta cotton mills is over twenty per cent, a year. A cotton mill 'at Petersburg, Va. pays tweuty-five per cent, a year. One at Co lumbus, Ga., pays over twenty per cent. The mills in this State do at least as well. . And at this very time the New England mills are strug? gling along with small profits, and even talk of working short time, so as to reduce stocks and improve prices. The difference between their feeble and sinking condition and the vigorous activity of the Southern mills is accounted for ? by the "five cents a pound" advantage which the Southern manufacturer has in his tilt .with New England, and yet we have but few facto? ries in Alabama." One fact like this is worth a thousand .theo? ries which aim to explain why it is that manu factures will not thrive in the South. They do prosper wherever good business men conduct them, and on their establishment in the future depends the hope of Southern restoration ; and not restoration only, but an excellence and prosperity which she never attained in the past. ?Louisville Courier-Journal. Agricultural Addresses.?A radical re? form is needed in regard to the annual ad? dresses made at Autumn Fairs. In the first place the address should be made by that far? mer who can do best, and who can; most honor the subject. Should he be deficient in the graces of oratory, and should fail to express himself eloquently, still let him speak to his brother farmers, for, in establishing this prac? tice, others will try to imitate and excel. But there is no lack of educated farmers, and the anuual address may be all that is desired in the way of elegance and finish of composition, provided the proper man is selected. The cus? tom hitherto prevailing of selecting lawyers and eminent politicians to address farmers is degrading and unworthy of the age, for it is thereby taken for granted that farmers belong to a low class, and that they need not ever pre? tend to instruct others. Let this practice be abolished and forever. Then the most favorable time for (J??vering the address should be selected. The earlier part of the fair is the best opportunity. Fur? ther, especial pains should be taken to have the audience seated. Nothing of this kind has ever been done, and consequently people have been obliged to stand, usually in the sun, or in the rain, as is often the case, and only a few tired and distracted people, many of them on the move, have appeared. The way to do is to have a large hall, or to appropriate shaded ground, if such is to be had, aud then to fur? nish seats for about 1,W0 people. They will surely be filled, and largefy by ladies, to whom the.scats will furnish a part of the attraction. If such accommodation cannot be provided the address might as well be omitted, and, instead, have it printed. We have attended a great many State Fairs, and have never yet listened to an address except in part, and so few do listen that the occasion is of no kind of conse? quence. To go to great expense in providing seats and shelter, that horse trot? and the best horses and cattle may be exhibited, and then to make no sort of provision for listening to the best intellectual entertainment that can be provided, shows a low state of mental culture, and one well worthy to be placed on a level with political exhibitions. MugIi solid enter? tainment might be derived from an address, and people might return home highly gratified, but before this result can be attained, entirely new arrangements must be made.?New York Tribune. A Touching Incident.?The Charleston freies and Courier relates the occurrence of a touching incidcut at the funeral of the late Dr. Smyth in that city. While the casket contain? ing the remains was being borne into the church, a very aged colored woman stepped from the crowd of colored persons who were gathered to do honor to the memory of the de? ceased, and with tears streaming from her eyes, paid a brief but torching tribute to her old pastor. When the coflin was carried to the grave and just before it was lowered to its final rest? ing place, a number of children from the Or? phan House gathered around and covered it with wreaths of evergreens and white flowers. The deceased had often conducted divine ser? vice in the Orphan's Chapel, and in his lite time took a deep interest in oil that concerned the inmates of the institution,, ? An editor, who knows how it is himself, says: "To prevent bleeding at the nose, keep it out of other people's business." Patrons of Husbandry. This new order is increasing with wonderful rapidity in the Northwestern and Southern States, and promises to become the most power? ful organization ever effected in this country. Political shysters' are already beginning to tremble at a movement so full of disaster to their schemes for continued corruption, and public plunder. The present corrupt adminis? tration attempted for some time to ridicule the order, but finding this unavailing, and looking with fearful forebodings to the strict account which the uncorrupted yeomen of the country will hold it, when it comes to ask for a third term, its organs are endeavoring to prejudice the people against it by denouncing it as a trick of the uKu Klux Democracii,} to regain power. We do not wonder that the Republican party should see in this organization for mutual pro? tection of the honest and hardworking tax? payers of the country, the "handwriting on the wall'-* which foretells its doom. For al? though it eschews politics, and has no purpose to subserve the ends of any political party, yet being composed of men who are most deeply interested in good government, and an honest administration, and of a class who have not yet been corrupted by Credit Mobilier stock, fat offices and backpay stealings, the prospect of its members acting in concert to place honest and capable men in office, is not a very pleas? ing one with a party which has debauched ev? ery office within its reach, from the highest to the lowest, and burdened the people with enor ous taxation to enrich an army of office-hold? ers. We look with great-confidence to this new Order as affording the most hopeful sign of our political regeneration and redemption. We do not believe that the honest and strong minded farmers, who compose the great body of the Patrons of Husbandry, will ever again allow themselves, to be harnessed by party shackles, or vote unquestioningly the party ticket framed and put into their hands by po? litical hacks and wire-pullers. Heretofore they have been too indifferent to public affairs; they have been too much disposed to allow politi? cians to manage the affairs of government with? out scrutinizing the motives or fitness for office of those who sought for their suffrage. Com? prising a large majority of the voters of the country, our farmers and planters have hereto? fore been careless of their great interests, and unmindful of their great power. Paying by far the.largest portion of the -taxes, and pro? ducing the great bulk of the nation's wealth, they have the deepest interest in seeing that none but honest and intelligent men shall fill public office. Such, we believe, will be the ef? fect of this Farmers' movement, and we most devoutedly wish it God speed. We want to see more Granges organized in our county. We want to see our farmers take more pride in their noble calling; we want to see them more active in obtaining and diffusing the knowledge which science and experience afford for beautifying and adding comforts to their homes, and for repairing the injuries done to this beautiful land by a most reckless system of cultivation. We want to see them united for mutual instruction, for mutual help and protection, for the promotion of social in? tercourse, for the promotion of social virtues, and for the promotion of good government ana an honest administration of it. We believe the order of the Patrons of Husbandry is better calculated to attain these ends than any mere? ly human organization yet devised. We trust our farmers will look into the matter and take action at once.?Spartanlurg Spartan. The Need toe Practical Education.? That soit of training whose primary object and result is to give a man superiority over his fel? lows, so that his advancement is only measured by their depression, we do nob. believe to be true education. This process may make a demagogue, it may make a brilliant politician, but it does not make the real benefactors of their race who have set mankind forward great strides in material welfare. The great demand of our country and the world at the present day is pre-eminently for educated practical men; for men thoroughly acquainted with the laws of the great natural agencies, and with their practical application to the industrial pursuits of the nation and the age; who not only have the knowledge to cal? culate the expansive energy of steam, but the power to actually take hold of the vaporous giant, put him in harness, and make him forge the shaft to draw the car or delve the mine. Our own State especially demands of her ed? ucational institutions young men of practical scientific knowledge to develop her extensive resources, and utilize the many elements "of power which nature has so liberally distributed in her mountains, her streams and her valleys. This importance of technical education is now being acknowledged in all civilized conn tries. Prussia, France, England, and our own country are establishing polytechnical schools, and encouraging by effort the individual talents and energies of their, people. The power of a nation depends not altogether or chiefly upon the extent and variety of its re? sources and natural advantages, but far more upon the degree of skill and ingenuity with which these advantages are used; in a word, upon the scientific and practical education of the industrial classes. There is no basis upon which national.greatnesis can so firmly rest as upon the skill and intelligence of its industrial energy.?Home and School. An Erect Posture.?A writer on health very justly condemns the habit of lounging, in which large numbers of persons indulge, as in? jurious to health. He says: "An erect bodily attitude is of vast more importance to health than is generally imagined. Crooked bodily positions, maintained for any length of time, are always injurious, whether in the sitting, standing or lying posture; whether sleeping or waking. To sit with the body leaning forward on the stomach, or to one side, with the heels elevated to the level with the head, is not only in bad taste, but exceedingly detrimental to health. It cramps the stomach, presses the vi? tal organs, interrupts the free emotions of the chest, and enfeebles the fuuetions of the ab? dominal and thoracic organs, and, in fact, un? balances the whole muscular system. Many children becomes slightly humpbacked, or se? verely round shouldered, by sleeping w.'b *he head raised on a high pillow: wlien any person finds it easier to sit, or stand on sleep in a crooked position than in a straight one, such persons may be'sure his muscular system is badly deranged, and the more careful he is to preserve a straight or an upright position, and get back to nature again, the better." Keep Your Promises.?The man who for? feits his word without good and sufficient rea? son, on one occasion, will repeat, and is un? worthy of your confidsncc. If American boys and girls are trained to consider a promise as a sacred thing, the men and women will soon be more honorable. Every day life's worries are added to, and its cares increased, by some one forfeiting their word. "I promised, but did not mean it," is a remark as common as it is heart? less. Never promise without deliberation, and keep it sacredly, evcu if compelled to use great self-denial.