Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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, 8^jjjjjg|MMjM|^Wijj^^ ' Ii i IT I i w i ii i ???, - ,__ -T -'- ? ~ " ~ " An Independent Family Jonrnal?Deyoted to Politics, Literature and General Intelligence. ; - ;j x ?? ?_.___ ? . " , - HOYT & CO., Proprietors. ' ANDERSON C. H., S. C, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 1, 1871, VOLUME 6?NO. 48. i *'J . The Blae Ridge Railroad* o We presume that no body ever assembled Which, in every particular, pleased the whole people. This is to some extent true with us, in the action of the Convention in the matter ?f the Blue Ridge Railroad. -We think the resolution of Mr. Trescot, asking that the cbm .mittee of legal gentlemen, charged with inves? tigating the validity of the late legislation as ? to the Greenville and Blue Ridge railroads, should make out and publish their report as soon as practicable, should have been adopted. .It was nothing more than a just and fair re? quest. The bonds are now signed and ready jot negotiation. Will the action of the Con . vention merely depreciate their value or totally iwevent their sale? If the latter, no harm . Other than the abandonment of this great and dearly-cherishec. enterprise for the present can result. If only the former, then both the State and the work is injured. We believe the re? port should be rendered and published at an early day. We would like to see the road built, and'feel sure its benefits would soon be felt throughout the State. The surrounding cor? ruption has cast a shadow on this enterprise and the legislation favoring it .Whether this is just or not, we cannot say, but we can see no _outward marks of-fraud or dishonesty in the officers of the load. Whatever of corruption er bribery may have been employed in securing the existing legislation, we must admit that no unfair advantage has been taken of it, that no sacrifice and squandering of the bonds issued for it have beS.' brought to light With full ~ sower through a period of two years, to sell the bonds under cover of a commission, and with full power, without lestriction, to sell at any per cent, since the adjournment of the last Legislature, they are still retained and under control of the corporation. Some have been hypothecated for loans to carry on the work in anticipation of a rise in their value, but the bulk of bonds are still free. This certainly shows an honest disposition on the part of the corporation to regard the true interests of the State and the road, and no intention on their part to abuse the powers conferred on them. ..The work has progressed slowly for the simple reason that the bonds could not be sold for such prices as the corporators were willing to take. The contractors are not paid for time' employed, but by the cubic yard of work done, So that delay does not injure the State. The . matter resolves itself into this. Should we ' createa State debt in aid of railroads? Gen esaUy, we answer no; but when we consider the vast importance of this road, the amount ex? pended towards its building, has not the point of :di8C0ntinnance been passed ? With an hon? est, economical administration of the govern? ment, the aid to this road would scarcely be felt. When completed, it would prove the in? let off wealth and prosperity to the people of the entire State. It would, by direct connec? tion with the grain and meat' region, promote -the.'establishment of manufactures and the u tili - . sati?n of the vast water powers of the up coun? try ; while to the.pcople of the middle and lower country it would enhance the profits of cotton growing. There are times when the demand lor economy cannot be too rigid, and we believe this is one. Oa the other hand, there are en? terprises in which apparent economy becomes deplorable extravagance, by the injury resulting from their neglect and defeat. Is not the Blue I . Ridge Road such au enterprise? With hon? esty and energy in the work, the completion of I the road will become a source of wealth and credit to the State.. Cannot these be obtained without abandoning the work? If there has been fraud or misappropriation of the State bonds issued for the aid of this road, let it be exposed and the guilty parties punished. If none can be discovered, let the work progress. We are not willing that the bad conduct of any .officer of the corporation should work the de feat or prejudice oi! this great enterprise, nor are we ready to admit that the alleged sins-of the President are intentionally criminal and un? pardonable. While a reckless disregard of the 1 interests of the State controlled in the land business and other jobs,"8Uch has not been the I - ease* in the management of the Blue Ridge en-1 terprise. Whether or not the President used im? proper means to induce legislation necessary to ? continuance of the work, he has^ertainly not converted the funds appropriated to this end to his own personal emolument, nor has he piti? lessly sacrificed them. Granting there nave been improper influences brought to bear upon the. Legislature in the interests of this road, we are disposed to look leniently upon them, as proceeding from an error of judgment, rather than of integrity. We know the strong per- j sonal interest the President of this road nas felt in its completion, both from its importance ( to the State and the. strong local interests of the tip-country; we know with what assiduity and energy he labored to revive the work after the war; we-know how; abandoning an established and lucrative practice, he devoted himself sole? ly and exclusively to this great enterprise; and with all this, how he has persistently refused to I sacrifice the bonds issued in its interest These are .facts, as we believe, and however the Presi "dentinay have erred, we think it fortunate for our people that he has held the position he does. We do not design to attempt the . vindi? cation of President Harrison. He is amply able to take care of himself. Our interests lie in the continuance of the road. While .we fa? vor retrenchment and reform, while we advo- J cate the abolition of useless offices and the re? duction of salaries, we cannot believe the in- j terests of the tax-payers will be promoted by abandoning an enterprise in which so much has been invested and from the completion of which so great benefits are reasonably expected to flow. Money expended in this work will am? ply remunerate the tax-payers. Whether or not the bonds become an absolute debt of the State, the road will repay the investment in the introduction of population, the increased val? ue of lands and the development of the indus? trial resources of the State. We believe the Convention very properly considered the mat? ter and referred the resolutions to counsel, but we think, too, the opinion should he made pub? lic as soon as possible.?Eeotoee Courier. Aged Citizens Dead.?A Pickens corres? pondent of the Keowcc Courier furnishes the annexed informationJ Two of our oldest citizens died last week? j James.Keith, aged near 100, and William Oli? ver, aged near 90. Mr. Keith was a remarkably quiet man, and never went from home except on especial business. He and the late Wm. Suth? erland lived together when they were young men. Keith married Sutherland's sister and Sutherland married Keith'a sister; and both families lived together, owned property jointly, and nothing ever occurred to mar their harmo? ny. They kept the PumpkJutown Hotel togeth? er, and first opened a house near Table Rock for the accommodation of visitors. Mr. Oliver was a soldier in the war of 1812, and served in Capt Jack Benson's company. He was a na? tive of Greenville. ' ? A new garter Is heralded. It is a heavy, round elastic chain, much the style of the heavy gold chains upon which lockets are worn, | and has a hook and eye upon it. The hook is ! pardonable, but the eye is reprehensible. j Interesting to Fruit Distillers. i For the information of those desiring to en? gage in fruit distilling during the approaching i season, the following brief synopsis of the re? quirements of the internal revenue law in re? spect to fruit distillers is published: Before commencing work the distiller must register the kind and number of his stills with the assistant assessor, and give notice, through him, to the assessor of his intention to distil. Blanks for such registry and notice will be sup? plied by the assistant assessor. Upon receipt of the notice the assessor pro? ceeds to make a survey of the capacity of the distillery, or, in other words, tode,termine what quantity of brandy the distillery is capable of producing in twenty-four hours. The survey having been completed, the dis? tiller must then execute bond with at least two approved securities?the penal sum of this bond is nxed by the assessor and must not be less than double the amount of tax on the brandy that the distillery is capable of producing in thirty days, and in no case less than five hun? dred dollars. Having complied with the foregoing require? ments, the distiller can commence work. The following additional requirements must then be observed % The distiller must provide himself with a book, the form of which has been prescribed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, and make daily entries in their book of the hours of running, kind and quantity of material used, number ot boilings made, and quantity of sing lings produced. It is most important that this book be carefully and accurately kept. Thcdistiller must also have some place of deposit for his brandy, until it has been ganged, marked and stamped, this may be any house or building, most suitable for the purpose, and must be named and described in {he notice given before commencing work. All brandy should be put into'casks of not less than twen? ty gallons capacity, and transferred to this place of deposit, and then held until guaged, marked and stamped. Qn or before the twcnty-fith day of each month the distiller is required to notify the col? lector of the probable number of packages of brandy he will have on hand at the close of the month* to be gauged, at which time the collec? tor will send a guager to guage and mark the same. The guager having guaged the brandy will make report of the-same in triplicate, and will hand one copy of such report to the distiller; upon receipt of this report tho distiller will make hia monthly return on form 15, embrac? ing therein the account kept iu his distillers' book, and the wine and proof gallons of bran? dy as ascertained by the gauger's report. The brandy produced each month should be kept and guaged separately, otherwise the dis? tiller, in making his monthly report, will not know how much brandy to return. " No brandy con be removed for sale or use un? til it has been guaged, marked and stamped. The guager's fees, which will be about one dollar per barrel, to be paid by the distiller. Friut distillers pay the following taxes: 1st. A special tax, or license, at tho rate of fifty dollars per annum, to be reckoned from the first day of the month in which distilling is commenced, to the first day of May follow-_ ing r for example, a fruit distiller beginning any time.in August is assessed for nine months, amount $37.50; any time in September, eight months, amount $33.38 and so on. An addi? tional tax of $4 per barrel upon every barrel iu excess of the rate of -one hundred barrels per annum; none, however, of the small copper stills in this District will produce a sufficient amount of brandy to make distillers liable to this tax. 2d. A tax of fifty cents per gallon on all proof brandy produced. In addition to this the assessor, on receipt of the distillers report, by means of the survey above referred to, makes an estimate of.the brandy the distillery should have mode during the month. In making this estimate, allowance is made for all all stoppages and suspensions, as the cal? culation is-based upon the hours the distillery was actually run. If, then, the brandy made during the month is less than eighty per cent, of the capacity thus asceitained, the distiller is assessed upon eighty per cent, of the deficiency at fifty cents per gallon. By careful manage? ment, however, it is belie red this deficiency can bo avoided. The experience of some of the distillers last season may be averse to this, but if they will examine into their operations, they will find that their deficiencies were tlie result of bod management, rather than over-estima? ted capacities. Many of them would boil their stills only partially filled, and, in many instan? ces, when more than one still was employed, part would be ran and the remainder left idle; then distillers would, by keeping poor fires re? tard boiling, and throw tho number of boilings below the number they were required to make. By avoiding all these hindrances and draw? backs, at least eighty per cent, of their capaci? ty can "be produced. One great trouble lost season was that dis tillera did not post themselves as to the law, and in view of this, it is urged upon all ex? pecting to distil from fruit to make themselves familiar with above named requirements. They should also make application as early as possi? ble, in order to give ample time for the arrang? ing of all preliminary papers. The Late Capt. Wm. Steele.?The last number of the Keowcc Courier contains the fol? lowing particulars of tho life and services of this well-known gentleman and upright, honor? able citizen: "He was born at old Fendlcton village, his father being one of the first settlers of that place ; and, at the time of bis death, was about eighty years of age. When tho war of 1812 broke out, he enlisted in the naval service of the United States and served faithfully through the war. He was a midshipman on the Frigate Constitution, under command of Capt. Stewart, when that vessel won the brilliant victory over the united forces of tho British vessels, "the Cyane and Levant," capturing both. Aff or the, restoration of peace, he returned to his native county and served the people in several civil capacities, with credit to himself and satisfac? tion to his constituents. In 1831, he was elect? ed to the Legislature from Pcndleton, and, at the close of his term, was made tax collector for Pendleton District, in which capacity he served until 1840. when this tax District war divided into two, Anderson and l*ickcns, and tho election given to the people. He was again elected by the votes of the people as Tax collector of Amiereou District. l*or many years he has been fanning in our county, and enjoyed the confidence and esteem of all. His death is the severance of another link connect? ing us with the virtuous past." ? A little salt placed around cabbages and other plants will protect them from cut worms. Make a ring around the plants, half an inch deep and about an inch from the plants.? Sprinkle the salt in it and cover with earth. China berries mashed and placed around the plants are also protective. Letter from John Qnincy Adams. The St Louis Republican publishes the fol? lowing letter, received in that city from John Quiney Adams, late the Democratic candidate for Governor of Massachusettsi ? Qijincy, May 6,1871. A. Warren Kehey, ?Dear Sir : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a com? munication from you enclosing two extracts from newspapers, upon which you request my criticism; and I infer from your letter that you wish to learn my opinion upon the public questions discussed in those articles. You are quite welcome to know them if you are willing to accept them as simply the specu? lation of an individual. I ?epresent nobody, and do not boast a follower in the world; nor do I know that my notions ore shared by any considerable portion of any party. The people of the United States feel instinc? tively that they are going wrong, but they are told that it will be dangerous to retrace their steps. They know that the path upon which they entered is beset with pitfalls; but even a baa: pass is better than the precipice. The sweep of reaction ia stayed by the dread of rev? olution. The policy of shrewd Democrats and the duty of good citizens is to dispel the appre? hension, no matter how foolish it may seem to them. Short of honor and good faith no sac? rifice should be deemed severe which would suffice to lay that haunting spectre. For that reason I deplore the halting, hesitating step with which the Democracy is sneaking up to its inevitable position. For this cause I share your regret at the studious ambiguity which seems to search for a sally-port through which to dodge its destiny. And while I better like the si>irit, I equally condemn the policy of those who only proclaimed their purpose of revolution. Such indications of sentiment an? noy me, simply because they prolong r situa? tion fraught with great danger to the dearest .interests of us all. The dominant party can retain a power which has grown too great for the public welfare only by an indefinite exten? sion of the moral conditions of the civil war. The Republican organization can rally to no cry hut a slogan and conquer under no standard but a spear. That party needs strife to insure its success, but good feeling is necessary for good government. Now, the hostility to the Fifteenth Amend? ment is the stock in trade of the fomenters of strife; is worth gratifying at the risk of perma? nent subjection'/ The Sou th is galled to-day not by the presence of that amendment to the Constitution, but by the utter absence of the Constitution itself. They feel a Congress which assaults them, but they find no Constitution to protect them. Is it not silly, then, to squabble about an amendment which, would cease to be obnoxious if it was not detached from its con? text? It is quibbling upon a technicality of law and relinquishing the substance of liberty. The Constitution was struck down by the as? sault upon Sumter, as all constitutions must necessarily fall before the face of the supreme arbitrament o.f war. It can never be lifted up while war is flagrant. The people will never resign the attitude of hostile vigilance, which is the real significance of the present adminis? tration, until thev know that no one* of their war trophies is longer disputed. Then they will gladly resume the habits which they love and the good nature which they repress. What then is the meaning of the grotesque contor? tions of those who profess a fondness for cam? els and yet strain so fantastically at this gnat?' For the essence of all Democracy is equality? nothing but the equality of all men before the law. Equal and exact justice to every man, and each to share in tne government of all. That is the only genuine Democratic doctrine. But who dares face an intelligent people with that testimony upon his lips, and denounce a measure which is too democratic for Demo? crats only because the enfranchised are black? Surely the Northern Democracy should not be forced into such stupidities by the conscientious scruples of their Southern brethern. Deference is doubtless due to their constitutional qualms, and yet some lenity towards revolutionary pro? cesses of amendment might be reasonably ex? pected from supporters of secession. If we can condone the fault, is it too much to ask paroled prisoners of war to pardon it? No I You have given bur cry, "Universal am? nesty aud universal suffrage." I would only add the constitutional Union of the States. For the old Constitution is just as good as it ever was, for South as well as North, in spite of the marks of the mailed hand which must re? main upon it for a warning to those that come after us. There is nothing in it now which is not perfectly compatnble with the happiness, welfare and liberty of all the people of the States. It is only the administration that is at fault, it is the interpretation which is violent. Do you imagine that Thomas Jefferson, do you think that James Madison would say their old organic frame pesmits a protective tariff or pa er money ; authorizes national banks or presi ential diplomacy; countenances military tri? bunals; centralization, and the crowning and perfect infamy'of the Ku KIux Bill ? It never was the Constitution which invaded . or conquered a State; it is not the Constitu? tion which oppresses the States. It was war? civil war. Close the war, and you restore self government to the people of the States. If they cannot secure their own peace and hocpiness, let us look around next year, not for the next President, but for the finit Dictator. Now if you or any other man doubt the soundness of my judgment in this matter, all I ask is a true Democratic administration and you shall see it lor youreelf. Yours, very respectfully, JOHN Q. ADAMS. An Honest Republican.?We make the following extracts from a card in the last Spar? tan-burg Rcpublicanj signed by C. J. Lockwood, late Captain in the 13th Regiment, National Guards of South Carolina, and who resigned that position in disgust. Mr. Lockwood says : My reasons for resigning and publishing the foregoing are, that I cannot support a govern? ment, even by holding so insignificant a com? mission as thi*, when I am convinced that they arc influenced alone by a wish to obtain wealth at the expense of the lax-payers of the State. Neither do I think the State authorities aj:ri terion of the Republican parly, believing as I do that they would not receive the support of the General Government, Republican party or the honest people of the. United Stales, if they were cognizant of the frauds and imposition practiced upon the. intelligent tax-paying peo? ple of the State of South Carolina. A Republican I am and must remain, but not after the style of the so-called Republican party of South "Carolina. Hereafler 1 must act with the intelligent and honorable portiou of the citizens of the State in endeavoring to put a stop to the outrageous frauds practiced upon them. To act otherwise- would be wrong and criminal with my present convictions. I write this, Mr. Editor, freely, without any consulta? tion with any one, without any K. K. K. orders, and without any fear of personal violence should 1 remain an adherent of the present official incumbents, for I have not one enemy in all my acquaintances. A Bit of History. The passage of the Ku Klux bill, embodying as its most prominent and most dangerous fea? ture the suspension of the writ of habeas corptts in such places and at such times as the Presi? dent may choose to dictate, recalls a historical incident which, though frequently alluded tp, loses none of its significance by familiarity. We mean the prediction uttered by Henry Sherburne, a prominent member of the British Parliament, in 1783. This statesman possessed sufficient foresight to see the inevitable result of the coercive measures employed by the Eng? lish government against the American colonies; urged the withdrawal of the military forces, and the prompt redress of those grievances of which the colonists complained. In short, Sherburne was in favor of peace rather than war, and throughout the bitter struggle of seven years, was a firm, consistent and judicious friend of those immortal rebels whose wisdom and? courage gave us at last a place among the nations of the earth. Sometime in 1780 the Continental Congress sent Col. Henry Lau rens of South Carolina as diplomatic agent to Europe : hoping through his ettorts to secure the alliance, or at least the good will of the Continental powers. On his voyage out Lau rens was captured by an English ship of war, carried to London and confined in the grim old Tower which has been the scene of so many great events, of so much heroic suffering, of so many political martyrdoms. Here ho remain? ed until hostilities closed, and being then re? leased, became for a brief period the guest of Mr. Sherburne, whose acquaintance he had formed during captivity. Of course the future prospects of the young republic was the subject of much of their conversation, and one day while this theme was being discussed by the enthusiastic patriot and his calmer and more ex? perienced friend, the latterremarked: "Colonel, you have gained your independence: and you know how much 1 have contributed to that re? sult ; but after all I seriously doubt whether in the end it will be fortunate for you." Lau rens looked at the speaker inquiringly, and Sher? burne proceeded to explain the difficulties which lay in the way of establishing a proper govern? ment, the innovations which would gradually creep into the system, undermine its vital prin- ' ciples, and finally destroy the fabric alto? gether. "For instance," said he, "there is the great writ of habeas corpus which has cost the people of England so much blood and treasure to maintain. We know its incalculable advan? tages, and the absolute necessity of guarding them with the utmost vigilance. But hebeas corpus has cost you nothing; it is a partofyour birth-right, and never having had to fight for it, you will not and cannot prize it sufficiently, and as a natural consequence, on the first occa? sion of trouble or violent party strife you will lose it." Laurens endeavored to convince his companion that his views were erroneous, and that Americans above all other people, would never allow this comer stone of personal liber tyto he tampered with on any pretext. Sher? burne smiled, but made no reply. Only a little more than three-quarters of a century have gone since then, and the predic? tion is fulfilled to the letter. Lincoln and Stanton, under the specious plea of military necessity, destroyed the sanctity of the writ, and, so far as it was possible, made it contemp? tible in the eyes of the people. When the De? mocracy protested against this fatal precedent they were told that war justified the step, and that when peace returned again,-thc venerable bulwark of freedom would regain its former prestige and retain it forever. How s^nds the the questiou to-day ? Congress has just con? ferred upon the President of the United States the power to suspend the writ of habcu corpus whenever and wherever he pleases, and this un? limited, absolutely despotic authority is lodged in his hands until after a Presidential election occurs in which he is already known to be a candidate 1 Was there ever such suicidal folly, such fanatical blindness, such criminal reckless? ness as this? And how long may a people who patiently submit to such deliberate robbery of their dearest rights, expect to enjoy a single vestige of that priceless liberty which their fathers won ??Pennsylvania Argus. Radical Misbule.?The New York Tri? bune* says: "Our correspondents have now been so long in the disturbed districts of the South, that we can form from their letters a distinct idea of the state of society in that unfortunate part of the Union. It is a melancholy picture that they draw for us. The most intelligent, the influential, the educated, tho really useful men of "the South, deprived of all political power, have come to look upon themselves as the out? raged subjects of a despotic conqucrcr. Taxed and swindled by a horde of rascally foreign ad? venturers, and by the ignorant class, which only yesterday hoed the fields and served in the kitchen, they care nothing for politics except to throw off the oppressive yoke; they have no interest in national affairs; they would call themselves of either party, provided their rulers were only of the other. The refuse of North? ern cities, who went Southward after the war, out-at-elbows and destitute of character and education, now roll in splendid carriages, drink rare wines, glitter with diamonds as big as Fiak's, and steal taxes as fast as a New York Street Commission. It is no wonder that the impoverished planter, growing poorer every day, the ex-Confederate officer, who fought so bravely for a cause in which he honestly be? lieved, the professional men, accustomed all their lives to hold office and lead the public sentiment of their communities, look on such things with rancorous hearts. They might submit to he ruled by soldiers who hau beaten them in battle; but here they arc plundered by sutlers and camp-followers. "This is a miserable state of things indeed for a republican government?a burlesque upon tho suffrage, when the only restriction upon voting is that the votes shall not he cast for the most intelligent and virtuous citizens. We have told them, and we tell them again, that there is only one way to restore the Union? universal amnesty and impartial suffrage. We shall continue to urge this policy ; hut in some places Southern people are doing their best to defeat it." Remedy fob Cancer.?A Washington cor? respondent of the Baltimore Gazette says. Somo months ago ColonelCapron,Commission? er of Agriculture, received from Ecuador a package of roots and bark shrub of a tree, called "cunderaiigo," which is found growing in abundance in Ecuador, and, it is believed, in other South American Glares. Cuuderango was represented as a specific for that heretofore sup? posed to be incurable and deadly disease, can? cer. The Commissioner distributed this plant among onr leading medical professors and phy? sicians. One of these has been applying cuu? derango with extraordinary and un-lookod for success, and in twenty days has almost entirely cured the mother of vice President Colfax and other patients who nro afflicted with cancer. ? A Cleveland girl broke off her engage? ment with a young man for the reason thaUic snores in his sleecp. The court wants to kuow how she found, it out. The New Principle?The Cumulative System of Toting Viewed i? Another Aspect This system has been generally looked upon more especially as giving proportional repre? sentation to the political divisions or parties that may exist in a voting community. It docs this fairly and admirably, but it docs more.? Under its operation, interests as well as mere numbers may be secured in a proper represen? tation. For instance, if the mercantile, the mechanical, or the agricultural interest in any community should deem it important to place in position a special advocate, it could generally be accomplished by the system of cumulating votes upon a certain candidate. For instance, the merchants of Columbia desire to send a merchant to the Legislature to represent their specific interests. They arrange to cumulate their votes?to conceutrate their strength? upon a certain man, and the result would be his election. In the same way it is possible for the mechanical element, or the farming ele? ment, or any other considerable element to se? cure "representation at one and the same time. Thus, in Richlaud, it would be possible for this County to be represented in the Legislature by a merchant, a mechanic, a farmer and a pro? fessional man, all at the same time. Let, now, such a system as this prevail all over this coun? try. We mean such a system as will give due representation to numbers and also to inter? ests. And who can fail to see what a change would be produced in the tone and character of our Legislature by the delegations in our rep? resentative bodies being the genuine and intel? ligent exponents of all the elements that make up the body politic. In our judgment, the cumulative system of voting is destined, sooner or later, to work a revolution in our public affairs. It is yet in its infancy. The system is not very generally un? derstood. It may be, and no doubt is, suscep? tible of modification, or improvement/ or amendment. It must first be adopted and tested before its merits or short comings can be fully exhibited. But of one thing we may be assured: the principle is true. Nor do we hesitate to say that it comes to us at a critical period in .our experiment of self-government, under the auspices of unlimited suffrage. Of course, we do not mean to affirm that any sys? tem of voting'can prevent the decline of a peo? ple, or the destruction of a government when corruption has laid hold of the vitals of a couutry?when the moral forces of the peo? ple fail to keep life in the body politic. A condition like this no governmental principle, however wise or just, cau remedy. But assum? ing that the public intelligence are exerting their just share of influence, and are strong enough to prevent an organic disease from fas? tening itself on the political b(>dy, a conserving element, like that involved in proportional representation, both-of numbers and interests, must play a most important part in the solution of the yet untried problem of uelf-government. ?Columbia Phamix, The Work of the Scissors Man.?Most people think the selection of suitable matter for a newspaper the easiest par!; of the business. How great an error. To look over fifty ex? change paper daily, from which the question is ? not what shall, but shall not be selected, is no very easy task. If every person who reads a newspaper could have edited it, we should have less complaints. Not unfrequently it is the case that an editor looks over nis exchange pa? pers in search of something interesting, and. finds absolutely nothing. Every paper is dryer than a contribution box, and yet something must be had?his paper must be out and some? thing must be in it, and he does the best he can. To an editor who has the least care in what he selects, the writing he has to-do is the easiest part of his labor. Every subscriber thinks the paper is printed for his own benefit, and if there is nothing that suits him it must be good for nothing. As many subscribers as an editor has, so many tastes he has to consult. One wants something very smart and sound. One likes anecdotes, fun and frolic, and his next door neighbor wonders that a man of sense will put such stuff in his paper. Something spicy comes out, and the editor is a blackguard. Next comes something argumentative, aud^the editor is a dull fool. And so, between them all, the poor fellow gets the worst of it. They never reflect that what does not please them will please the next man; but they insist that if the pa? per does not please them, it is good for noth? ing. Looking Out for Slights.?There are some people?yes, many people?always look? ing out for slights. They cannot pay a visit, they cannot receive a friend, they cannot carry on their daily intercourse of the family without suspecting some offence is designed. They are as touchy as hair triggers. If' they meet an ac? quaintance on the street who happens to be preoccupied with busiuess.-'they attribute his abstractioh to motives personal to themselves, and take umbrage" accordingly. They lay on others the fault of their own irritability. A fit of indigestion makes them see impertinence in everybody they come in coatact with. Inno? cent persons, who never dreamed of giving of? fense, are astonished to fine come unfortunate, or some momentary taciturnity, mistaken for an insult. To say the least, the habit is unfortunate. It is far wiser to take the more charitable view of our fellow beings, and not suppose a slight intended unless the neglect is open and direct. After all, too, life has its hue, in a degree, from the color of our own mind. If we are frank and generous, the world treats us kindly. If, on the contrary we are suspicious, men learn to be cold and cautious to us. Let aperson get the reputation of being touchy, and everybody is under more or less restraint; and in this way the chances of an imaginary offense arc vastly increased.. Emphatic.?W. H. McCardlc, editor of the Vicksburg Herald, discussing the action of Congress on expunging a quotation from his paper, wherein Adelbert Ames is soothingly called "a coward, a liar, a poltroon and a pup? py," says : "If I5cu Butler's son-in-law would like to have the offensive paragraph 'cxpung&i' from the columns of the Vicksburg Herald, he has only to make the application iti proper form to the cditor, who is nlways ready to respond.? We ran promise little shoulder straps one thing. If he will mako an application to have the Herald editorial in reference to himself ex? punged, retracted, withdrawn or apologized for, we stand pledged to accede to his demand, or, in default thereof, to complv with aimf/ier sort of demand?a demand which gentlemen and real soldiers always understand. Could Adcl bert be induced to call ?" ? This is the time to white-wash your out? houses, your fences and vine arbors. .If yon want something that will stick, dissolve two quarts of unslacked lime in a bucket of hot water, add .a handful of fine salt and one of brown sugar, stir well and your white-wash is ready tor use. An experienced friend tells us that a white-wash made after this receipt will have a better gloss and last longer than any other he has ever tried. Profits on Maxufact?res?Tlie profits on manufactures is no better shown than the dividends which our factories give quarterly to the stockholders; Northern and English mau-. ufaCtiirers now concede the' manufacture Of heavy goods will have to be abandoned to the South. The concession is reluctantly grounded upon the facts of superior natural advantages. The limit of the concession is to heavy goods, and the reason for this reservation is the knowl? edge of the fact that the South does not pos? sess the sxilful labor requisite for the man? ufacture of other and higher styles, of goods. But this concession foreshadows much. There has not been a mill for the manufacture of shirtings and sheetings erected in New England during the last fifteen years, and we venture1 the prediction that there will never be another erected. But no single fact better illustrates the profit of cotton manufacture than is shown" in the financial history of Great Britain last year. England paid the United States last year for cotton ?184,000,000, and by making this cotton up into fabrics she cleared $188, 000,000 of net profit. This statement of the immense profit growing out of the manufac? ture of the great Southern staple should stim? ulate ever}' community in the South, favorably located, to turn its attention to manufactures, as a means of almost doubling the value of the cotton crop. Now, where has manufacturing cotton been more successful or more profitable than in and near the city of Augusta? The quarterly div? idends of the Augusta Factories furnish a suf? ficient answer as to profit. These factories de? clare good dividends quarterly, when New England factories, engaging in the same line, either declare meagre diviuejids or pretermit them. The deduction from this fact is direct and clear. Put your surplus in that manufac? turing which is giving you a good quarterly dividend on the money invested, and at the same time provides a home market for your" cotton, and Keeps at home both the cost and the profit of manufacturing among your own people.?Chronicle & Sentinel; Small Farms.--Small farms make near neighbors; they make good roads; they make plenty of good schools and churches; there is more money made in proportion to the labor, less labor is wanted ; everything is kept neat ; less wages have to be paid for help: less time is wasted; more is raised to the acre, because it is tilled better; there is. no .watching of hired men; the mind is not kept.in a worry, a? tew, ? fret all the time. There is not so much fear of a drought, of wet weather, of frost, of small prices. There is not so much money to be paid oat for agricultural implements. Our wives and children have time to read, to improve their minds. A small horse is soon curried?! and the work on a small farm is always pushed forward in season. Give us small farms for comfort; aye, and give us small farms for profit* -? -in ? ^ ? Ex-Gov. Henry A. Wise has published sL long and eloquent tribute to the memory of the late Ex-Senator James M. Mason, of Virginia, in which he says: "It was not in the course of nature, or in the reason of things, that he could remain with us longer. The disasters to the* Confederacy and the South, the wounds of his pride, the aching agony of seeing all his hopes of liberty and self-government and State rights blasted, and the desecration of sacred things, and the devastation and demoralization he wit? nessed on coming home, where too much ten? sion on the nerves of an aged man of delicate sensibilities and proud sense of honor. After , toiling for a settlement near his father's old I home at Claremount, near Alexandria, and fix? ing for a quiet retirement^ his system collapsed, and he fell under paralysis. His last moments were without pain, and he died as he lived, composed and firm. ? Gold garters, surmounted with a soiitaire' diamond, are the latest throe of fashion. ? Some ladies use paint as fiddlers do rosin, to aid them in drawing a beau. ? A farmer gathers what he sows, while sL seamstress sews what she gathers. ? Whether old age is to oe respected depends very much whether it applies to men and wa-> men or to poultry. ? The ladies say that all the bustle that is made about the Grecian bend is newspaper stuff. That's so. ? It is said.that the Rev. Thomas K. Beeeh er has discovered that all men who are hanged: ; go to heaven. We have no desire \o take that fine. ? It is said that there is no friendship be? tween women so strong that one good-looking' man is not able to break up. ? A sarcastic you ng lady says she never was so much in love with a man that two rainy days together in ? a country house would not effectu? ally cure her.- . ? A Boston paper is "in favor of women vo? ting if they want to." A Western paper "would like to see .the man who could make them vote if they didn't want to." ? A current maxim In Arabian literature* says that "Paradise is as much for him who has rightly used the^en, as for him who has fallen by'the sword." ? The law in China is that if a woman dis-. pute her husband in the slightest degree she may be murdered by him with impunity. If that law were in force in this country the mor? tality amongs wives would be very great ? A gentleman saw an advertisement that a recipe for the cure of dyspepsia might be had by sending a postage-stamp to the advertiser. He sent his stamp, and the answer was "Dig in your garden and let whiskey alone." ? A Yankee was walking with an Irishman4 on the road to New York, and thinking to roasts his companion, said to him: "Where would you be now, Paddy, if the devil had his; due?" "Faith," replied Paddy, "I'd be walk-, ing bv mvsclf to New York. ? It was a very Hard-shell Baptist of Tenn. who suggested when he heard of the reforma? tion of an ungodly neighbor, that no ordinary baptism would do for lhat man; the only sure; way would be to tie a grindstone to his feet ana "anchor him over night in the middle of tho river." * ? Ten minutes' sleep before dinner is worth' more than an hour after. It rests and refreshes^ and prepares the system for vigorous digestion. If sleep is taken after dinner it should oe in a sitting posture, as the horizontal position is un< favorable to healthful digestion. p ? Let young men remember that their chief happiness in life depends upon their faith in women. No worldly wisdom, no misanthropic' philosophy, no generalization can coverqr wea? ken this fundamental truth. It stands like the record of God himself?for it- is nothing less than this?and should put an everlasting seal upon its lips that are wont to speak slightingly of women. ? An old negro made application at one of the public building3 in Washington, a short time since for something to eat, and claimedf that he had' a right to come there for vituals^ The head of the department was called in, who asked the darkey upon what right he based his claims. "Why," said the sable representative of the fifteenth amendment, "I understandin'' dar's provisions in de Constitution forde color? ed folks, and I havn't had the first emmb."