Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Jntatt fntel?ptfi. NEW- TERMS. RATES OF S?BSCRIPTIOX. <me copy for one year, - - $ 2.50 ? ?? " six mouths, - - L25 Ten copies for one year,. - ^ - - -20.00 Twenty.copies " M - - . 37.50 The clubs of ten and twenty will be sent to any address. Subscriptions will not be received for a less period than six months. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements will be .insert ed at the rate of One Dollar per square of one inch space for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion. Liberal contracts made with those wishing to advertise by. the three, six or twelve months. Obituary notices exceeding ten lines will be charged for at advertising rates. For announcing candidates, Five Dollars in each case, invariably in advance. THE DLKIGEAST CONTE3TIOH. TTKT.T> IN CHARLESTON ON THE THIRD, FOURTH AND FIFTH DAYS OF MAY, 1370. FIRST DAY'S PROCEEDINGS. The Agricultural and Immigration Conven? tion, called; by the South Carolina Institute Society, met in the Academy of Music. At about half-past-eleven o'clock the dele? gates began to arrive, and in a short time the orchestra chairs (which portion of the house was appropriated to the delegates) were well filled. On \the-stage a number of prominent ritizens of the- city and State were seated by invitation,, and the parquette was occupied by the ladies and visitors. Among the visitors seated on the-stage we noticed representatives fromi the Clergy, the Bench,- the Bar, and the Mercantile professions. One of the large pros? cenium boxes was filled by the various foreign Consuls resident at this port. At 12 o'clock, Mr. W. G. Vardell moved that the Convention be called to order, and that W. M. L?wton, Esq., President of the-South Carolina Institute, be requested to take the Chair. It was also moved that Messrs. D. W. Aiken and E. W. Marshall be requested to act as temporary Secretaries. -On taking the chair, Mr. Lawton delivered a brief and appropriate address, and then an? nounced the meeting ready to receive a motion looking to a permanent organization. Mr. J. P. Thomas, of Columbia, moved that a Committee of Five be appointed to effect a permanent organization of the Convention. Adopted. The following Committee were appointed bv i he chair: J. P. Thomas, of Bichland; B. I. Whitner, Anderson ; J. K. Vance, Abbeville ; 3. H. Bice, Union; J. H. Furman, Sumter; 3F. W. Dawson, Charleston; A. M. Forster, Georgetown. . v During the absence of the Committee, the Chairman read a letter from Messrs. J. D. Aiken & Co., tendering to the Convention the use of the steamer CityPoint for an excursion i.round the harbor on Thursday afternoon. On motion, the invitation was accepted, and the thanks of the Convention tendered. The Committee on Permanent Organization now. returned, and submitted the following re? port: President.?Johnson Hagood, of Barnwell. ' V&Presidents.?B. Y. Harris, of Georgia; A. B. Davidson, of North Carolina; C. W. Dudley, of Marlboro'; James Chesnut, of Ker aaaw; W. M Lawton, of Charleston; T. G. C?emson, of Pendleton; A. B. Springs, of York Permanent Secretaries.?D. "W. Aiken, E. W. Marshall, C G. Erckman. On motion the report was adopted, and a Committee of three was appointed to wait upon the .newly elected President, and conduct him to the chair. Gen. Hagood'being escorted to the Chair, was introduced to the Convention, by W. M. Lawton, Esq., and upon taking his seat said: Gentlemen:?I find myself unexpectedly call? ed upon to fulfill the duties of this office. Of those who devoted themselves at the termina? tion of the late war to the advancement of the material interests of the State, none feel more eiueply the importance of the introduction of a htjartv and thrifty population from abroad than myseif I came here for the purpose of listen? ing to the best plan of effecting this that might be offered. I have none to offer myself, but I feel the assurance that any plan which is adop? ted here must meet with the hearty co-opera? tion of the.entire people of the State. Indi viiualeffort can do but little. [Applause.] With a view to the further organization of the Convention, i; was moved that the Standing Committees be announced, when the President named the following r Committee on Immigration.?J. P. Thomas, Columbia; Bev. T. S. Boinest, Newbcrry; J. Csmpsen, F. Von Santon, Charleston; E. B. Turnipseed, Columbia; Thoma3 Hardeman, Georgia; B. P_"Waring, North Carolina. Committee on Direct Trade.?Bobert Mure, W. L. Trenholm, Jno. Hanckel, Charleston; Jno. B. Moore, Sumter; T. Street, Charleston ; Jno. J. Cohen, Augusta, Ga.; C. P. Pelham, Columbia; Edwin Bates, .Charleston; W. L. Ellis, Macon, Ga.; L. D. DeSausure, Charles? ton. Ccmmittee on Cotton Manufactures.?CoL J. B. Palmer,"Jas. Hope; Columbia; Julius C. Smith, Greenville. Committee on Hygiene.?Dr. Eli Geddings, Charleston; Dr. j. A. Barksdale," Laurens; Dr. DeSaussure Ford, Augusta, Ga.; Dr. W. E. Alten. Committee on Agricultural and Scientific Edu? cation.?Hon. N. Eussell Middleton, Charles tOE:; Hon. T. G. Clenison, Pendleton; Jesse B. Turpin, Georgia; B. Dozier, Georgetown. Committee on Flora of South Carolina.?Dr. F. Peyre Porcher, Charleston; J. P.Berkmans, Augusta, Ga. Committee on Labor Resources of South Caro? lina.?W. F. Barton, Orangeburg ; Edward Mclntosh, Society Hill; W. Craig, Augusta, Ga. Committee on Industrial Resources of South Garolina.?B. F. Crayton, Anderson ; John JttcCredy,.Charleston; Thos. D Eason, Charles? ton.. A commuracation on the subject of Immi? gration, written by Dr. E. B. Turnipseed, was presented to the Convention. On motion, it was read and referred to the appropriate com? mittee. The following, is a synopsis: The report states, alter pointing out the ne? cessity for immigration-to the Southern States, as fotrows i "Immigration, as now instituted, cannot be a success for the present generation. The great difficult)' is, that the organization, as now constituted, compels every man who wish? es to procure immigrant labor to understand, as well as undergo, either all or, at least, a part of its risks of losses or gains. This plan is confining it at once to the leading and intelli? gent minds of the people of the South. The emigrant should be. placed at every man's door, so that when he is in need of labor?the de? mand for which is constantly increasing?be can employ him, giving to parties such a bonus as would be remunerative for the great conven? ience. My proposition is, that the men of South Carolina, who comprehend fully the ne? cessity of moving in this matter, form a joint stock company for the State at large, of, say $10j, $20, $o0 or even $100 per share. Organize ft central or distributing bureau at some central point, perhaps Columbia would do, and sub bureaus at each village In the State. Whenev? er an immigrant arrives, his name, age, birth? place and trade or occupation, as well as the letters of reference or recommendation, should be duly recorded for future reference. The farmer or planter applying for a laborer has only to call for the kind of laborer, and the clerks at each bureau, by referring to the books, can send him the sort of person he desires; he, the farmer, paying ail the expenses incurred by the bureau, as, well as a bonus for expenses and profits to stockholders. "It -would perhaps be expedient to establish at Charleston a bureau for receiving and for? warding immigrants. There might be an ex? perimental farm conducted in the vicinity op each bureau, where these immigrant laborers could be profitably employed until called for, and should any remain on hand during the summer months they could be directed in farm work, so as to make and harvest a full crop. Agents could be sent to England, Ireland, Scot? land, France, Holland, Sweden and Norway, Germany and Italy, and I am told by persons who recently returned from trans-Atlantic countries that great numbers could be procured bv only securing them a home and employment. I "have" seen this system working admirably in Paris in getting employment for laborers and domestics in every capacity. There it has Eroven not only a success, but of mutual bene t and profit to all parties. I cannot for one moment see how it could be managed in these large European cities In any other way. Some ten or twelve years ago the same system was commenced in New York city. My belief is that we will never succeed to any extent until we adopt the Joint Stock Company plan, and no longer trust to the general intelligence of the people upon this matter. . "In order .to produce a rapid flow of immi? gration to the South we should by general con? certed arrangement hold out the most liberal inducements, and be willing to commence with that class of European peasantry who are in a hopeless state of poverty and dependence. Once the tide is properly set in this direction those possessing means, those skilled as arti? sans, will doubtless follow. The selections for plantation or farm work should invariably be from the agricaltural districts, and none from large cities, as the latter class are totally unfit? ted for our climate as well as our system of la? bor. I have no doubt that when the selections are made, as herein indicated, the plantation system might be perpetuated. But we can make them as efficient by abandoning the plan? tation system, and dividing off each plantation into'sections, placing the laborers of each sec? tion under a man of experience and energy. "The question has been asked can we kee^ our immigrant laborers after importing them. * * * My plan for the introduction and distribution Of laborers- is intended for the adoption of the whole South. . The report ad? vocates the introduction of laborers rather than the bringing in of families into the State. Un? til the South is regenerated, politically, we cannot expect any material accession in num? bers except from that class of peasantry of those countries who are in a helpless state of poverty?the sturdy, thrifty, diligent laborer who has been taught truth, honesty and integ? rity, coming fresh from the agricultural dis? tricts. "One great difficulty in the way of appealing to the farmers of South Carolina, to donate lands is that the old system of entailing landed property was much in vogue previous to the war, and now many have judgments hanging over their landed estates, so that good titles in many cases could not be made. There are those, however, who could donate lands; others who could not give lands might give money. All this could be given in trust to the Trust Stock Company, the land to be divided into fifty acre lots, and one lot given to each family of two or more persons who have been residents in the State for three, five or ten years, the ti? tles to be so made as to prevent their disposing of them save to their own family or by permis? sion of the company. With the money con? tributed many farms and plantations could be purchased or so divided off, and by donatipg only every third or fourth section the others could be enhanced in value so rapidly as to be? come a permanent source of income to the company and enable them to build up entire companies of foreign settlements. "The plan, however, suggested, could be com? menced on a scale proportionate to the amount of stock subscribea, and bureaus established only in those' counties in which a sufficient amount of stock had been subscribed to guar? antee it, and this would doubtless induce sub? scriptions of greater numbers as well as amounts. The number of agents employed, both in Eu? rope and in the State, should be in proportion to the amount of business transacted." The report concludes with an exhaustive re? view of the history of immigration, as applied to the settlers of the United States, from the landing of the first colonists to the present day. Mr. A. Y. Lee7of Columbia, desired to bring to the notice of the Convention a project which would not interfere with its business, but which he thought was of some importance. He said, under the patronage and influence of promi? nent land-holders, I have begun the prepara-* tion of a series of Lithograph Map3 of some of the Counties of the State of South Carolina, accompanied by suitable letter press descrip? tions. The object proposed is to circulate fifty thou? sand copies oi these, in pamphlet form, far and wide throughout the country, inviting the in? dustrious emigrant, from whatever quarter of the globe he may come, to seek a home and employment in our midst, particularly in the upper belt of our State, so abounding in miner? als and building material, with unlimited wa? ter-power, and a soil that, while costing almost nothing, will abundantly repay the labor of the industrious and intelligent agriculturist. He stated that he had the plans and maps which" he would submit in the hope that the Convention would endorse them. On motion, the papers were referred to the Committee on Immigration. Mr. John Hanckei, of Charleston, offered the following. Received, That all papers to be submitted to this Convention for discussion must be first re? ferred to the appropriate committee, before be? ing read, and that the committee to whom it may be referred be instructed to report at the earliest practical moment. Col. Thomas thought that there could be no objection to the reading of a paper that was not too lengthy. He knew a member who had a paper to read, and he was of the opinion that the Convention should hear it. Mr. Hanckal said that the objection is not to the length of the paper, but the resolution is offered with a view to obtain harmony in the Convention, and, if possible, to exclude poli? tics. If any member be allowed to read a pa? per before it has been submitted to the appro? priate committee, things-may come out which will tend to disturb the harmony of the body. Let the dead pass bury its dead in politics. We desire to discuss our material interests in? dependent of politics, and it is solely with a desire to produce and preserve harmony in our body that I offered the resolution. Col. Thomas acquiesced in the views of the previous speaker, and the resolution was unan? imously adopted. It was suggested that all papers intended for the Convention be submitted to the Commit? tees at once, so that action may be had at an early hour. On motion, the several committees were in? structed to ropart at the earliest practicable moment. The Convention then adjourned to meet at ten o'clock on Wednesday morning. SECOND DAY'S PROCEEDINGS. The Convention met at 10 o'clock, pursuant to adjournment, the attendance being larger than on the previous day. In the rear of the stage was a drop scene representing a Southern harbor, with an immigrant ship sailing in. In the foreground the wharf, and bales, and bar? rels of produce^and a cottage and farm. On one of the barrels is seated a Fifteenth Amend? ment, waving his cap to welcome the new emi? grants. The scene was painted by Mr. W. J. Wallack. scenic artist at the Academy, for the ' occasion, and is quite emblematic of the objects and purposes of the Convention, At half past 10 o'clock, the Convention was called to order by the President Gen. Johnson Hagood, and the minutes of the previous day's i session wero read and confirmed, .1 The Chairman announced the following ad? dition to the Standing Committees: Cotton Manufactures?M. C. Butler; Labor?Wm. Wallace; Industrial Resources?M. L. Bon ham. Mr. J. H. Screven moved the appointment of an additional Standing Committee, which should be designated the Committee on Lands. Agreed to. . - The Committee were subsequently appointed, as follows:?J. H. Screven, J. L. Manning, J. D. Aiken,-G. A. Trenholm, J. D. Kennedy, T. S. Boinest, B. F. Whituer. Mr. D. W. Aiken moved that B. H. True, Esq., a member of the Executive Committee of the Georgia Agricultural and Mechanical Soci? ety, be invited to take a seat as a delegate, and participate in the deliberations of the Conven? tion. Adopted. The Committee on Immigration, by their Chairman, Col. J. P. Thomas, made a favorable report on the communication of Mr. A. Y. Lee, and recommended that the project ?of Mr. Lee be endorsed by the Convention and recommen? ded to the consideration of the public. Adopt? ed. The same committee, to whom was referred the general subject of Immigration, and all pa? pers relating thereto, made a lengthy and very comprehensive report: which was received as information, and ordered to lie upon the table for future consideration. The Committee on Cotton Manufactures, by their Chairman, Col. J. B. Palmer, of the Sa? moa Factory, Columbia, made an interesting report, the reading of which was frequently interupted by applause. On motion, it was adopted. A member of the Committee on the Hygiene of South Carolina stated that an able and elab? orate report on that subject had been prepared by the distinguished chairman of the commit? tee, Dr. Eli Geddings, but that owing to its length, and the physical infirmity ofthat gentle? man, he would move to dispense with the read? ing, and that it be published in the proceedings of the convention. Agreed to. The Committee on Scientific Education, by their chairman, Hon. Russell Middleton, made a report, which was read and ordered tempora? rily to lie upon the table. Dr. F. P. Porcher, from the Committee on Flora, stated that a report on the subject had been prepared, but requested that further time should be allowed for its consideration by the committee. Agreed to. Hon. Geo. A. Trenholm stated that the fol-. lowing resolutions had been adopted by the South Carolina Railroad Company, and he had been delegated to submit them t? the Conven? tion : Resolved, That if the committee find that the lands of the company are suitable for cultiva? tion, they be authorized to say to the conven? tion that so far as said lands are concerned, this company is willing to unite in a general scheme, under which land shall be provided on liberal terms for emigrants coming to occupy and cul? tivate the same. Mr. Trenholm observed that the liberality of the proposition was such, that it went to the ex? tent of oestqwing upon the immigrant the al? ternate lands of the company without charge. Resolved, That when a reliable company shall be formed for the establishment of a per? manent line of steamers between Charleston and a first class European port, to consist of not less than four ships, it shall be the interest and duty of this company to subscribe to the stock of such steamship company to a fair ex? tent : Provided, That the same shall not exceed $25,000 to each steamer, and provided, that no part of such subscription shall be made until other subscriptions shall be made sufficient to build at least one steamer. Resolved, That if a proposal to form such a company be brought under the consideration^ the Convention on Immigration, the delegates of this company be authorized to communicate the above resolution to the convention. Resolved, That the President of thfs company communicate this resolution to the President of the Georgia Railrflad and connecting roads, and ask their co-operation in this matter. On motion of Mr. J. H. Screven, the first resolution was referred to the Committee on Lands, and the second resolution was referred to the Committee on Direct Trade. On motion of Col. J. P. Thomas, the report of the Committee on Immigration ? was taken from the table and made the special order for 11 o'clock to-morrow a. m. He observed that some gentleman had expressed a belief that the convention would adjourn to-morrow, but he hoped such a thought would not be entertained. We are here, he said, in a great work. We are breathing an industrial air, which, in the gen? uine sense of the term, will regenerate our blood and bone and sinew. We are on the macadamized road which leads to the true re? construction of South Carolina ; and if three, or four, or five days more are required to perfect the grand undertaking which we have com? menced, let us, as citizens having common hopes and common aims, devote ourselves faith? fully to the labors before us, assured that we shall be amply repaid in the future. Mr. Brawley, of Chester, said there was one phase of the question of immigration which he thought the committee had not as fully consid? ered as its importance demanded. The State, in its legislation of 18G5, had created a com? missioner of immigration, and provided funds for the purposes of his office. Ihose funds had been judiciously expended, as he was informed, and the commissioner, with all the energy of his nature, had sought to direct foreign immi? gration to the State; yet the result was com? paratively fruitless. An association of private individuals had been organized for a similar purpose, and doubtless they, too, had used ev? ery exertion to secure.their object, but, so far as he had been informed, their eflbrts were like? wise fruitless. Doubtless there was a cause for this. It might cxiet abroad or at home, but if we have not sufficient attractions for the Euro? pean immigrant, is it not our duty to cast our eyes around us?at home, herein America, and hold out such inducements to the farmers of the North and West, as would bring them, with their capital, into our midst ? Those who live on the line of the Charlotte Bailroad have been struck with the large number of persons, generally farmers of limited means, who daily arrive on a prospecting tour through the South. Already a considerable number of this hardy and enterprising class were in our midst, and there was no reason why, extending the right hand of fellowship to them, and holding out liberal encouragement to their friends and neighbors nt home, we might not obtain an ac? cession of agricultural strength which would secure to us much that we seek from the for? eigner. Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York were already liberally represented among the farmers of South Carolina, and thousands of others would doubtless follow, but for the expense of traveling and difficulty of transpor? tation. These drawbacks must be removed, and the path is clear, the country will be filled with a population thrifty, industrious and in? fluential, because they will communicate by example the secret of successful culture. They will be practically identified wiih the soil, and being so, thus will remain in our midst, and work out with us the problem of our future welfare. Mr. T. G. Clemson, of Pendleton, said he fully agreed with the remarks of the preceding speaker. His experience with immigrants, se? cured by his own exertions, had not been satis? factory, and he believed that what was true of the individual would prove true of the multi? tude. There were various reasons why the for? eigner would not be satisfied in South Carolina, unless surrounded by a community of his own people ; but to the Northern man, industrious, able and intelligent, the field of usefulness was almost beyond limit. Emigration traveled in latitudes, in isothermal lines, and it was not practicable to change the current in a day,? The West was a competitor too powerful to be suddenly vanquished, and the agencies abroad, covering as they do every town of importance, would prevent the complete success of any movement that might be contemplated in that direction, until- the public sentiment of Europe fastened upon the South as it was now directed to other regions of the country. Mr. Brawley-offered the following resolution, which was adopted: Resolved, That the Committee on Immigra? tion report to the Convention the most feasi? ble means to insure immigration from the North. Mr. J. K. Vance, of Abbeville, moved that a special committee of three be appointed to re? port whether it is desirable to introduce Chi? nese labor in the State, and if so, to suggest the cheapest and most practical method of do? ing so. Adopted. Committee?J. K. Vance, John Townsend and Wm. Wallace. On motion, the Convention then adjourned to meet at 10 o'clock on Thursday morning. third day's proceedings. The Convention was called to order by the President at half-past ten o'clock. The min? utes of the previous day's session were read and confirmed. A communication was read, extending an in? vitation to attend the Floral Fair in Augusta, Ga., on Wednesday, 11th of May, and request? ing the Convention to appoint a delegation es? pecially to represent them at the Fair. The invitation was accepted and the thanks of the Convention returned. The Chairman was authorized to appoint a delegation at his leisure. Mr. J. K. Vance, from the special committee on Chinese Labor, presented the report, which was received-a3 information and laid on the ta? ble for future action. Mr. B. F. Crayton stated that the report of the Committee on the Industrial Resources of South Carolina was ready and would be sub? mitted. The report was read by Prof. John McCrady. On motion, the report was received as information and ordered to be published with the proceedings. The Chair announced the following gentle? men as the delegation to visit the Augusta Floral Fair, in compliance with the invitation: Chas. Macbeth, Joseph Walker, E. W. Mar? shall, G. H. Moffett, Wm.Ravenel, Ed. Seibles, I. D. Gaillard, Dr. John H. Furman, J. P. Thomas, J. L. Coker, J. W. Norris, Dr. S. S. Marshall, A. B Springs. A lengthy discussion then took place upon the reports of the Committee on Immigration and Direct Trade, participated in by Messrs. W. L. Trenholm, John Hanckei, W. M. Law ron, D. W. Aiken and J. P. Thomas. The reports and resolutions were adopted. The res? olutions reported by the Committee on Direct Trade are as follows: Resolved, That this Convention recommend that a company be formed for the establish? ment of a permanent line of freight and immi? grant steamers to a port in Europe, in shares of ?25 each. Resolved, That a Committee be appointed by the Chair to obtain subscriptions from the va? rious Railroad Companies and Corporations in? terested in commerce, anduilso take measures for the establishment of a company on a per? manent basis, to form a line to consist of lour steamers. Resolved, That the Chairman of each delega? tion be charged with tne duty of obtaining subscriptions in their section, with power to appoint sub-Committees, who will report to the Chairman appointed by the Convention the names and amounts subscribed. Col. W. L. Trenholm. offered the following resolutions, which were adopted : Resolved, That this Convention is sincerely convinced of the paramount importance of foreign immigration into the South, not only for the sake of its direct result upon our popu? lation and industry, but for that of its indirect effect in leading to the establishment of direct trade. Resolved, That this* Convention earnestly commend to all the people of the State the sub? ject of foreign immigration as one worthy of their early and most assiduous attention. Resolved, That in order to give effect to the report of the Committee on Immigration the President of the Convention, at his leisure, and after conference with representatives from the various County Delegations, appoint a perma? nent Committee on Land and Immigration, to consist of one resident land-owner in each County, and of not less than twelve residents of Charleston. The Committee thus appointed to be instructed to keep the matter before the public, to encourage and advise the formation of County Land and Immigration Societies, and to collect whatever information is possible for the use of all persons and corporations de? sirous of making a practical experiment. Resolved, That this Convention extend to all persons in the United States or elsewhere, de? sirous of settling in South Carolina, a cordial welcome, and the assurance of kindly feeling and neighborly offices on the part of the citi 1 zens of whatever portions of the State they ; may desire to make their homes. i The Chair announced the following Commit? tee on the Freight Line of Steamers, under the resolutions of the Committee on Direct Trade: ?Robt. Adger, Chairman; Henry Gourdin, D. F. Fleming, F. J. Pelzer, A. S. Johnson, F. J. Porcher, Henry Bischoff and John 'HanckcL The report of the committee on Chinese La? bor was then called up, and a resolution intro? duced by Mr. Dozier, of Georgetown, providing that a committee be appointed for the purpose of raising a joint stock company to introduce Chinese labor. On this resolution, an interest? ing debate took place, in which there was quite a diversity of opinion as to the propriety of in? troducing" Chinese laborers into this State. After numerous speeches and parlimentary motions, the resolution was adopted by a slim attendance of delegates, many of them having retired during the discussion. Gov. Bon ham introduced a resolution of thanks to Mr. John Chadwick, for the use of the Hall, Adopted. The Convention then resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole, Mr. Wm. M. Lawton in the chair, when Mr. Seibles offered the fol? lowing resolution: Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are respectfully tendered to the President, Gen. Johnson H?good, for the dignified and impar? tial manner in which he has presided over our deliberations; also to the Secretaries for their very efficient services; and, also, to the propri? etor of this building for its use. The Committee then arose and President Ha good addressed the Convention as follows: Allow me, gentlemen of the Convention, to congratulate you upon the liberal, practical and earnest spirit which has marked your de? liberations?every movement going simply and directly to the purpose for wnich you assem? bled. Our principal object?the introduction from abroad of a tnrifty and hardy population to .supplement our numbers?is one surrounded with many difficulties, and I am not prepared to say that the scheme you have decided upon will meet with unqualified success. They com? mend themselves, however, warmly to my judg? ment, as steps in the right direction, and as far as I can see all that under present circumstan? ces we can do. I trust that a success will at? tend them far beyond that which the most san? guine can hope, and that the day is near at hand when our beloved State will resume the comfort and prosperity which once marked her condition. I beg to thank you for the courteous manner in which you have met my effort at presiding, over your*deliberations. On motion of Mr. Seibles, the Convention then at four o'clock adjourned sine die. In a Nut-shell.?A paper out in Ulinois talks in this way: "If you owe any one a sin? gle dollar, go and pay him; when there is so little money, we ought to keep it moving round lively. Jim owed us, and we owed Bill, and Bill owed Jim. Jim got mad because we made him pay one morning last week; but we paid Bill, and Bill paid Jim, and Jim went to bed that night happy as a clam, with just as much. money as he had in the morning, and three j men out of debt." Restricted Suffrage in Massachusetts. ?There is in the constitution of the State of Massachusetts a provision to the following ef? fect, namely, that no "person shall have the right to vote, or be eligible to office under the constitution of the Commonwealth, who shall not be able to read the constitution in the Eng? lish language and write his name."' On the 10th instant, a proposition to bestow the privi? lege of suffrage upon women being under dis? cussion in the Massachusetts House of Repre? sentatives, an amendment to that proposition was offered, to the effect that the right of each sex to vote shall not be restricted because of any requirements in the State constitution con? cerning the payment of taxes or ability to read and write the English language. On this, de? bate occurred, in the course of which it was evinced that, as the constitution of Massachu? setts excludes from suffrage all who do not pay their taxes or who cannot read and write the English language, there were 55,050 persons, now otherwise qualified for suffrage, debarred from the ballot in the Commonwealth of Mas? sachusetts. The total number of voters now in Massachusetts'being 262,120, it appears from this statement that a number of people in Mas? sachusetts, exceeding twenty-one per cent, of the present voting population, are excluded from the polls. Such being the statement, the amendment to do away with the existing re? strictions was voted down by a vote of 98 to 1)9; and then, the original question of woman suf? frage coming up, that, too, was voted down by 133 to 69; from which it very decidedly appears that the Massachusetts House is in favor of re? stricting suffrage, first to men only; and, sec? ondly, to such men alone as pay taxes and can read and write English. These two facts are left for the reader's own consideration, and to them only will be added this remark?that in respect to literary qualification for suffrage, Massachusetts is more stringent than any other State in the Union. Connecticutt only requires ability to read ; Missouri has an anticipatory provision that after 1876 ability to read and write shall be condition precedented to voting; and in other States there is no literary qualifi? cation at all. Further, it may be remarked? and this last is a very curious circumstance? that no ordinary negro field-hand from the South, were he to remove to Massachusetts, could vote?first, because from his -poverty he could not pay taxes, and, second, because he could not read or write.?N. Y. World. What They do in Charleston.?Our Charleston neighbors, have displayed a deal of ingenuity in evading the social duties imposed on them by the levelling enactments of their black and tan Legislature, but the best method yet, of snubbing the Radicals, and escaping the sweet social affiliation with Cuffee, is the plan adopted by the Charleston Academy of Music, and carried out successfully ever since the South Carolina Legislature passed a law requir? ing no distinction to be made at places of amusement on account of race or color. When Mr. Fifteenth Amendment presents himself at the ticket office, he pays his money and receives a ticket to any part of the house he may desire, but the cardboard unfortunately for him, bears a statement from the lessee that he reserves to himself the right to refuse any person admit? tance to the Theatre, upon returning the money to bearer at the gate. Our ambitious colored friend complacently walks from the ticket office to the gate, presents his card, dorkeeper looks at him, quietly says, "youcannot come in," pays him his money back,' and the amendment if disposed to quarrel, shortly finds it of no avail ana walks away vowing vengeance. It is a method, short, sharp and decisive, and better than all, it don't admit of argument. Until the next Legislature meets, our neighbors can enjoy the drama, and no one, not even the darkey, shall make them afraid. Verily a technicality is as good at times as a substantial fact.?Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel. Horrible Murder.?Captain Thomas A. Holtzclaw was brutally murdered on Sunday evening last, not far from his residence in this County, about seven miles east of this place. He was returning home from a neighbor's house after dark, accompanied by his wife. Some villain way laid the road and sprang upon him suddenly and gave him a blow on the head I with an axe, which crushed in the skull, pro? ducing instant death. He fell against his wife, who, in her terror, fled through the woods, and getting home, gave the alarm. Captain Holtz? claw was found to have received a cut with the axe, which must have been given after the fa? tal blow. No certain clue, as yet, is found as to who is the murderer, but a negro man, An? drew, has been arrested by Constable Mounce, against whom there are quite suspicious circum? stances. This is the most shocking occurrence that has taken place in Greenville for many years. Our County has been remarkably free from such bloody crimes. It is not known that Capt. Holtzclaw had any enemy bearing him a grudge, nor has he been known to give-occasion for revenge to any one. He was ? highly respectable and valuable citi? zen ; a peaceable farmer, with-a young family growing around him. His loss to them is irre? parable and' a sad one for the country. He was a brave soldier in the late war, and com? manded a battery of light artillery that was raised in this District. Since the. war, has de? voted himself to peaceful pursuits.?Greenville Enterprise. ? ? A Desperado.?The notorious Eli Mack, who was some years ago sent to the Peniten? tiary from this county for stealing cotton, made his escape about a year ago, and is now running at large, made his appearance in our town at about twelve o'clock Monday last, armed with a double barrel shot gun loaded with buckshot, and went directly to the jail to sec his brother now confined therein, and awaiting his trial for a similar offence. While in conversation with his brother, Butler Spears and Andrew Jack? son, State Constables, made a dash upon him, and seized hold of his gun. He being a very stout athletic man, succeeded in wresting it from them?inflicting a severe blow upon the head of Jackson, ana then fled; Spears in the meantime firing several shots at him. He was seen to stagger and fall twice as though he was wounded, but finally escaped to the woods. It is said that this deperado has committed various outrageous since his escape from the Penitentiary. Amongst others, two rapes upon colored school girl3. We learn also that on Thursday night last, at or near Maysvill, he was surrounded in a house by nine colored men, all well armed, who demanded his surrender, but he refused and deliberately walked out and'eommenced firing into the crowd, who ske? daddled in double quick time. , These are the facts as reported to us.?Sumter Watchman. Large Heads.?A general idea holds ground that large heads mean large intellects, that weight of brain indicates mental strength. But this notion is a false one; one fact will dis? prove it. Man is inferior to some apes in the proportion which his brain bears to his body. When we come to animals the differences are very striking. A Continental physiologist has been gaugingthe skulls Of different quadrupeds, and weighing their contents. There are beasts, whose instinct approaches to reason, and we style such intelligent; their high instinct is not, however, commensurable with their' cerebral developments. To range a few of the com? monest animals in the order of brain weights, wo have the following declining scales: Cat, dog, rabbit, sheep, ass, pig, horse, and ox, Tbe two last have the same weight of nerve centre in proportion to the capacity of their bodies, but they have only a sixth part of that of the first on "the list; that is to say, the cat has six times as much brain in proportion to her size as the horse has in proportion to his size. The pig has more than the horse, the sheep more than the pig. Who would have thought it ? Evidently there are brains and brains. The facts almost set us wondering whether the brain has anything to do with the intellect at all.? Evchangc. ? The most difficult thing in -the world for ?? woman to do is to get ready to go anywhere; and there is nothing a woman will resent quicker .or jmore fiercely than an intiination that she may possibly miss the train. Our. friend, Brayfogl?, gives us an instance of this., Mr. Bray was supposed to take the ten o'clock ' train on the Bee Line to visit somerelatives in an interior town. Having suffered on previous occasions for injudicious suggestions, Bray thought that, for once, he wouldlet things take their natural course. So he sipped his coffee and ate his eggs on toast, while Madame curled and powdered, and danced attendance on the looking glass, and tied bark on the back of her head. Then Bray sat down by the stove for an hour and read the morning paper, while the Madame still continued to get ready. At last, just as he had reached the final paragraph of reading matter, and was beginning on the ad? vertisements, Madame tied her bonnet strings under her chin, took one long, lingering, lovinsr look at the image reflected in the glass, and sweetly announced: "Well, my dear, I'm ready." "Ready for what f" asked Bray, in well affec? ted astonishment. r "To go to the depot, to be sure," said" Mis, Brayfogle, tartly. "Oh fM said Bray, "I'd forgotten. Well, Mad? ame," continued he, looking at his watch, "that train has been gone thirteen minutes. Just keep on your things, and you'll be ready for the' train to-morrow morning." We draw a veil over what followed. We are. rfssured, however, that next morning MrsT'K" was ready an hour ahead of time. -?-7 .' ?.According to the Louisville Oourier Jintf' nal, Revels is now engaged in a most desperate. intellectual contest: ? Revels, we are told by a private letter from Washington, is dilligently perusing "Bancroft's History of the United States." This is wise on the part of Revels. History is the school of statesmanship. Every citizen of a free country should have a knowledge of history in order to enable him to understand the march of current, events. It is also a school of patriotism and public feeling. Without some comprehension' of what has been we can take no interest, in a comprehensive sense, of what is; and hence those who are most ignorant of histoiyatremost indifferent to politics.' Above all, the legisla* tor should be a cultivated student of history, just as the divine should be a classical scholar, as doubtless Revels is, having been cuvine in Kansas before he went to peddle loyal bibles in . Mississippi. So he is wise, if he can keep awake, to read Bancroft. "It is said," our cor-' respondent states, "that he has nearly comple-'. ted the first chapter of vol. 1." This is ?tdeedl progress. , -* Mr. Peabody's Will.?A statement has been extensively published, occasioned by the probate of Mr. George Peabody's will at Glon? cester last week, to the effect that Mr. Peabody left only about $150,000, after the payment of. his public bequests to the London poor. Wef -learn from good authority that the $150,000 is merely the amount of personal* property be-** longing to his estate in Essex county, it being" necessary to prove the will here, as also in some1 other States, where there are funds or securi? ties belonging to the estate. But, as we Hup posed was already well known, the .greater por-; tion of his property was left in England, where' his will was onginallyprovedmPe^mfleclast,. and where the administration of the estate is Principally to be carried on for the present. he amount of personal property returnedVto? the court in England is about four hundred? thousand pounds, not far from two and a quar? ter millions of dollars in currency. .The whole' amount in this country is not yet made puj?Iic, as the executors have not yet taken out letters in other Sates.?Salem (Mais.) Observef. ? ?-!-??>?-:-- ; ? The moaning of the tied?a husband's grumbling. . , ? An unpleasant sort of arithmetic-^divls^ ion among families. - ?''.>* ? Strive to do right because it is right; shunr, the wrong because it is wrong. ? An exchange is not far from right in say* * ing that a sour-faced wife often helps the liquor trade. ? Some married men go out like candles, leaving their wives in the dark?as to where they spend their evenings. ? An Irishman that was very near-sighted, about to fight a duel, insisted that he should stand six paces nearer his antagonist than. ihc other did to him. GEORGE W. CARPENTER'S Compound Fluid Extract of Sarsa parilla. GEORGE W. CARPENTER'S Compound Fluid Extract of Buchu THESE celebrated preparations, originally ia troduced by George W. Carpenter, under the pat? ronage of the medical faculty, have been so long extensively used by Physicians and others, that they are generally known for their intrinsic value, and can be relied on as being most valuable rem? edies in all cases where Sarsaparilla or Bucha err applicable, and cannot be too highly recommends cd. 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