An Independent Family Journal?Devoted to Politics, Literature and General Intelligence. VOL, 4. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY, JANUARY 28, 1869. NO. 81 BY HOYT & WALTERS. TERMS: DOLLARS AND A HALF PER ANNUM, IX UNITED STATES CURKEXCT. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements inset ted at the rates of One Dol? lar per square of twelve lines for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion. Liberal deductions made to those who advertise by the year. jgg?* For announcing a candidate, Five Dollars in advance. The Despotism and Horrors of Reconstruc? tion. Tho following interesting extract, from a letter addressed by Gov. Worth, of North Carolina, to President Johnson, dated Dec. 81, 18G7, will serve to show the enormities of Reconstruction and the tyranny of an irresponsible military rule. It will be remembered that Capt. Tolar and others re? mained in close confinement until a few months -ago, when they were released by pardon granted by the President. In the light of the facts here detailed, there can be no wonder that the South? ern people were bitterly opposed to the "plan" authorized by Congress: In February or March last, a poor .young woman of good family and exem? plary character, residing some two miles trom Fayetteville, on her way homo from church, on Sunday, was way-laid by a ?negro named Bebee. He seized her and bore her into the woods, violently cho? king her to suppress her cries, but her ?screams reached the cars of an old ne grcss in time to prevent the monster from perpetrating the crime he meditated. On the approach of the old negress he ran off. The next day ho was arrested and taken before D.ancan G. McRae. Esq., for preliminary trial. The trial was held in the upper slory ot the Market House, in Faycttcviile An uncle of the accused was allowed to ' -employ ? a-lawyer, who appeared in de? fence of the accused. The young woman and old negress identified the villain, and the bruised neck of the young lady bore the imprint of his infernal clutches. No doubt was felt then, or has been express? ed .sincej by black or white, as to his guilt. The shocking character of the offence drew together about tho Market House a large crowd, most of whom were e'xeluded from the hall where the trial was going! on. The Sheriff was on nhe gionud with the whole police force of the town, armed with their clubs, to guard the negro from the apprehended vengeance of the crowd. He was committed lor trial and placed in the custody of the Sheriff, to be curried to ihe jail. He wascanied down the stairs, an officer ot the police at either arm, and tue Sheriff at his. back. On ?landing below he tmiJe a violent attempt to escape, hut was held firmly by his,.cus? todians. In the struggle lie fell. As lie . rose, some one behind tired a pistol shot, the ball passing through the hair of the Sheriff's head. It took effect in the bead of Bebee, who instantly expired. A Coronet 's inquest was held and many witnesses were examined. One or more of thcin swore that Captain Tolar shot him. Capi. Tolar. as I learn, was a quiet, good citizen, a member of a religious so? ciety and ot the Masonic order, and held in' high e.-tc-m by all I.is acquaintances; Other wtfhesses, deemed more worthy of credit, swore that they were near Capt 'Tolar when the pisto! fired, and that they knew he did not tiro it. One Phillips, and 'perhaps others, displayed weapons on the occasion. The jury reported that 'they could not satisfactorily ascertain "who committed tho homicide. The first Court having cognizance of OB the alleged crime commenced its sitting on the 13th of May, lfcoT. A few days befi>t e the sitting of this Court, General Avery applied to Gen. Sickles for the ar? rest, and trial, before a Military Court, of Capt. Tolar. Powers and Watkins, and Duncan G. McRae. Gen. Sickles-ordered tho arrest. Before tho prisoners were carried olF by the military, the Grand Ju? ry of the county, upon a bill preferred by 'the Solicitor, against Tolar for murder, found it a true bill, and a capias issued accordingly, which the Sheriff could not execute, because the militarj refused to ?surrender him. No bill was sent against the others, because the attention of the "Solicitor was not called to any witnesses, who would swear to facts warranting the sending of a bill. These arrests, there? fore, could not be based on any pretext that the Court was in any way in fault. Duncan G. McRae had long been a lead? ing Justice of the Peace of his county, was a member of the State Convention of .1805, and was widely known as a man ?of exemplary character and strong Union' proclivities. On his way to Fort Macon, the military prison designated for his con? finement, distant some two hundred miles from his home and family, he get a friend to siend a telegram to Gen. Sickles, inquir? ing for what cause, and by whose order,, ho had been arrested, and whether he ?could bo allowed to give bail. He declin? ed to accept the bail, and referred to Gen. Miles, Chief of the Freed men's Bureau, stationed here, as to the charge, &c. Up? on application by mo to Gen. Miles, he said tho arrest had been made by order of Gen. Sickles, upon the application of Gen? eral Avery, and that he "had r.ot power to J ?release McRae upon bail, or on his parole; that Gen. Sickles alone had this power; that Gen. Avery was not then in his office; that, as soon as ho came in, he would ask him to call at my ollico and explain. The ?conduct of Gen. Miles was entirely satis? factory to me. Gen. Avery called on mo ?ftoon alter, and stated that the charge ?against the prisoners would be speeifiefil fly tnado out and sent to Headquarters ?soon; that ho then could only stale to me, ^n general terms, that lite charge was the TO ardor of Bebee, and that MeUao was an accessory bet?re the fact 1 learned from Itim, or had otherwise heard, (1 cannot bo certain which,) that the foundation of the arrest of McKao was the affidavit of a "weak minded, base woman, procured by ec. he had gone out on a platform to a window and called on the crowd to shoot the prisoner, and that,immediately there? after, the negro was shot. The friends of McRae furnished me soon after with the affidavits of the uncle of Bee bo, who had procured for him tho services of a lawyer who had appeared for him on tho trial, of the lawyer him? self, and of several other witnesses, white [ and black, who swore positively that they | were present and knew that McRae had j not risen from his seat from the time of ordering the committal until after the fa? tal shot wa6 fired, and that when he heard the negro was killed, be expressed his re? gret. These affidavits I sent to General Sick? les and asked him if he could not take bail to discharge McRae on his parole. I further asked that all the prisoners be. turned oyer to the civil" authorities for trial. I had heard the Court Martial for the trial of these prisoners was to sit here. Fayettevilie is 60 miles distant from this City and no communication between the two places by Railroad or steam, except by way of Wilmington and Goldisboro, a circuitous route more than 200 miles long. I asked, therefore, if he would not turn over tho prisoners to the civil Courts, as it was probable that a vast number of wit? nesses would be examined, that tho Court Martial should be held in Fayettevilie or in Wilmington, rather than here. It was know.n that the defendants could not pay their witnesses, many of whom would probably be unable to pay for their trans? portation and their expenses while here. JIo replied that the prisoners would be tried before a Court Martial at Raleigh, but that the Judgo Advocate would be directed to summon the witnesses for the defence and to give them transportation ?to and from Raleigh. Thfs arrest'was made on the 15th of Ma}-. All of them were confined at Fort Macon till tho 20th of July; brought on that day to Raleigh to bo tried before a Court Martial, of which General Avery was Judge Advocate. The Judge Advocate had not made out and filed his charges and specifications, and. not being ready for trial, the Court adjourned from day to day at his instance until the 22nd of July, when the trial commenced. On the 28th of July, tho Judgo Advo ?cato.introduced the aforesaid woman, the only witness against McRae. Nobody, white or black, could bo found to say she was worthy .to be believed. Her conduct on the witness stand exhibited such mani? fest willingness to perjure herself, that General Avery relented and asked to with? draw ber testimonj- and to enter a nol. pros as to McRae, which was unanimously granted by the Court, and he was dis? charged, after more than ten weeks im? prisonment. It is proper to add that I am by informed McRae, that Gen. Avery, in the month of April previous to tho ar? rest, had abused McRae for an official act of the latter, and, finding McRae would not yield to his dictation, told McRae he .?should svjjer for it! The trial ot tho other defendants-termi? nated about the middle of September in a conviction of murder, after a sitting of more than two months, at an enormous and unnecessary expense to the govern? ment and the prisoners. It would be in? teresting to know the cost of these trials. The Court Martial adjudged 'hat the prisoners should be hanged. This sen? tence, under the act of Congress, could not be cxeeuted without approval. It did not go before you, I presume, because Gen. Can by commuted it to fifteen years imprisonment at hard labor. Whether this finding was just or unjust does not fall within the scope of this com? munication, and 1 have not examined the annexed evidence save as I read it, as re? ported for tho newspapers as the trial progressed. I understand it to have been founded on the evidence of ono Phillips, whom the military, at one time, held un? der arrest .nsonc of tho murderers, who procured his own release by turning: State's evidence, and upon tho evidence of other witnesses who swore they saw To lar shoot the negro, while other witnesses swore they saw Phillips shoot the negro. The guilt or innocenco of Tolar turned entirely upon tho credibility of the wit? nesses, which could have been best judg? ed of by an impartial jury of tho coun? try. If there was any evidence warranting tho conviction of tho other defendants it escaped mo. .Morals of Public Men.?A Boston journal, the Co7mnonicealth,mi\kes tho rath? er exaggerated statement that every after? noon after 3 o'clock some twelve to fifteen United States Senators are so drunk that they are unable to attend to business. Tho Washington correspondent of tho Missouri Democrat, also says that "tho coming session of Congress will seo tho certain death and entombment of threo men now in the United States Senate, all from drink. Take away tho pay andgood clothes of these three men, and they are already tavern -suckers and parasites of tho most abject sort I saw ono of them at a friend's house, only yesterday, ask for a gluHS of whisky as soon as ho enter? ed, lie took it with both hands, which shook and rocked rather as in some theatrical exagcration of drunkenness than in real light ol common lifo, and to see his greedy lips slip by the glass's edge, cheated like Tantalus by his own nerves, was dreadful. Ho is no worse than two others, but happily his term expires on the 4th of March." Tho New York Sun: It is not too much to say that the Senate owes it to its own good name to expel these drunkards. Rut vvn do not antioipato from that body any action of so rigorous a nature. Tho dis? position ol Senators is to bear and for bear with tho vices of their colleagues, no matter how gross or how notorious. If a Senator were openly to receive bribes, or lo commit forgery or murder, it is not likely that he would bo punished for it by the voles ol his fellow members. ? Sidney Smith wrote to a fiiend, "] have seven or eight complaints, but in ail other respects I am perfectly well." Cotton Manufacture in the South. Although the following articlo from the Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel has diract application to Georgia, the suggestions made aro equally perti? nent for the consideration of our own people, and hence we invite their attention to this important subject: Wc aro glad to seo public opinion, North and South, directed to the impor? tance of the manufacture of cotton in those States where the staple is produced.'! The recent publication of tho highly flat tering and-remunerative returns made upon investments in manufactures in this State, and more especially the astonishing I success of the Augusta Factory, has awa? kened an interest in tho subject which must lead to a huge increase ot manufac? turing capital here. Shrewd men of the North?tho large manufacturers of New England and of Pennsylvania?have been led to examine into the claims advanced in favor of profi? table operations here, and already large investments havo been raado and exten? sive preparations began to establish mills in different portions of the cotton grow-] ing region. The fact that capital comes from manufacturing New England, soek ing investment in what has hitherto been regarded as an unprofitable branch of in? dustry, shows very clearly that those who have heretofore believed thnt cotton could not be cheaply and successfully manufac tared here, have not properly appreciated the special advantages which we enjoy in our climate, nearness to the production of the raw material, immense water power and abundant and cheap fuel. While we gladly welcome Northern capitalists in the development of this new j and valuable branch of industry, we are anxious that our own people should, to j some extent, share the profits which must I certainly flow from well-directed invest ments in manufacturing enterprises. The cotton crop of last year, produced in this State, has brought within our borders a largo amount of"money over and above the cost of production, and if our people are wise they will invest one-half at least of this 6tirpltts in cotton and wool manu? factories. We can manufacture cotton fabric, cheaper than they can be produced by New England mills. That this is re-' cognized now as a fact, is clearly infera? ble from the recent heavy purchases and investments in Southern water powers and mill sites by leading New England manufacturers. We know that the Southern phtntor has heretofore proved rather incredulous upon tho subject of profitable manufacturing. Now, however, with our changed labor system, we,find that planters are becom? ing more interested in diversifying their labor and productions. The splendid re? sults obtained by the Augusta Factory in this city, and the hardly loss gratifying success of the Richmond Factory aiid the Granitcvillo Kactoty, both but a few miles from the city, havo evoked a lively interest in the subject among planters, and wc hope soon to bd able to chronicle the organization and establishment of several new milling companies. Tho South must devote more attention and employ more capital in these enter? prises. By a proper and judicious system she can speedily rogain her influence and prestige in the Government, and restore her people to their former and even great? er prosperity. All that is needed, is for her men cf capital and influence to put their shoulders to tho wheel, and the cause of improvement and progress will move forward with caso and rapidity. Tho Richmond Whig, in a recent edito? rial, gave some good advico upon this subject, and collected valuable statistics showing the value and importance of manufactures in tho South. The follow? ing speculations arc appropriate and well timed : "Wo believe that the spirit which is to work out grand results has been aroused. The South has accomplished wonders in rebuilding her lines of communication and restoring the ravages of the war. Her great staples aro again taking their commanding place in the cotnmerco of the country. Her mines aro being de? veloped, her water power utilized, and her forests ot timber turned to account. In addition to these and other elements of wealth, the manufacture of her raw ma? terial, and especially of cotton, is destined to become a leading industry and a source of enormous profit. From a carefully prepared report submitted to the Cotton Manufacturers' Association, at a meeting held last fall, we learn that the number of mills in the Northern States is 479 ; number of spindles, 5,768,228; average number of yarn, 27| ; consumption, 343, G45,950 pounds; consumption per spindle, 59.57 pounds. In tho Southern States, number of mills 69 ; spindles, 199,772 ; averagenumberof yarn, 12.78; consump? tion, 28,042,766pounds; consumption per spindle, 140.37 pounds. The greater con? sumption per spindle in the South is due to the fact that work ma}' be dono more uninterruptedly in a Southern than a Northern climate. The fact is significant and important. "Wo are confident that before another decade thero will be a very different show? ing in cotton manufacturing statistics. At a recent sale of manufacturing stocks in Boston, Massachusetts Cotton Mill stocks sold tit 1UU7J, Amoskeag Manufac? turing Company at 1098?, Merrimack Manufacturing Company at 1625, and there is no reason why similar stocks should not be equally valuable in Rich? mond and throughout the South. On I tho contrary, there are many and cogent reasons why, in the South, manufactu? ring stock should "b? oven moro valuable limn in any portion of New England." That the establishment of manufactu? ring enterprises on a largo scalo would bo of immense benefit to tho State, no ono will deny. It becomes in this view of tho ?case a serious question whether a sound policy would not dictate a generous fos? tering of manufactories to the extent, at least, of exempting capital employed in them from'State, county and municipal taxation for a certain number of years. It is a fact little known to the public, that manufacturing capital is now, by law, as a general thing, more severely taxed than 'any other kind of property: Not only are the taxes levied by-the Federal Gov? ernment in many instances severe and nnjustf but in almost all the States, the municipal and State taxes are exorbitant? ly Jargo and excessive. Tbe Detroit Free Press, in noticing this inequality of taxa? tion, says: "Mr. Wells, the Commissioner of In? ternal Revenue, in his able and exhaus? tive report to Congress, discusses this question under the head of tho 'influence of State and local taxation on tho cost of production.' Ho gives several marked instances iu some of the States where the rate of taxation upon all capital engaged in manufactories is so large as to materi? ally'affect the cost of the articles produ? ced. For instance, when the business is carried on by a corporate company, the capital is,taxed for State, municipal and local purposes at very high rates; and then the shares held by individuals are taxed as personal property, and then the United States tax upon all sales, and upon all dividends. He closes this part of bis report with 'one suggestion in view of these facts and circumstances, and that is, that if any State should determine to adopt a sj-stem of local taxation analo? gous to that recognized in Great Britain or France, it might confidently anticipate a very large influx of capital and manu? factures from beyond iis borders," thereby rapidly increasing its wealth and devel? opment*, and possibly, as an ultimate re? sult, compelling other States to adopt the same liberal and enlightened policy as a measure of defence and protection.' "If the Legislature, while on this sub? ject, could find some mode to limit and control local aud municipal taxation within reasonable bounds, it would also be of immonso service. In all our cities, the municipal taxes of almost every kind arc extravagantly high, and in many in? stances outrageously so. The conse? quence of this is seen in its effect upon the value of real estate, tho .rents, and its depressing effects upon manufactories. "Again, our own municipal authorities arc not without, power in influencing cap? ital to be invested here in manufactories. Let our city government refer this whole subject to commissioners to examine into the whole subject of taxation, and see whether it cannot be materially reduced, and so readjusted as to favor the iiitrd duciion of capital rather than to repel it. There is no city in otfr country situated on a more magnificent body of water and better located tor manufactories of every kind, and thero must bo some reason why they have not been introduced here. Let them ascertain, if possible, the cause of this, and so far as it is within the power of our city authorities, let it be promptly remedied.1' These views arc entitled to careful con? sideration both from our Str.tc and local authorities. The wholosuhject is fraught with interest to our entire people, and we invite the careful and serious atten? tion of the Legislature* in order that whatever is necessary to promote and foster manufacturing in the State may be done at once. A Rothschild'? Wealth.? The wealth left by the late Baron Jarnos de Roths? child is something fabulous. It overpow? ers tho imagination. No sultan, or caliph, or emperor, real or fabled, approached'liim in the extent of his opulence. The "wealth ot Ormus or of Tod ' pales before it. The late baron made t*he following disposition of his fortune : lie left to his wife, Betty, ?8,000,000, tho Chateau Ferriere, whose art galleries are estimated at above ?8, 000,000, and his house in the Rue Laffitte, at Paris; to his second son, Gustav us, he gavo ?8.000,000; to his third son, Ed? mund, ?6,000,000; and to his grandson, the son of the late Solomon Rothschild. ?2,000,000. This is pretty well in itself, but it does not exhaust the vast heaps left by tho modern Croesus. The largest plum has fallen to tho lot of his eldest son, Alphonsus, who comes in for a trifle of ?2U,00U,OU0. This colossal fortune?and perhaps these legacies do not exhaust the amount?reaches the sum total of ?44, 800,000. It maj' give some idea of what this means to mention that it would near? ly pay the interest, on the national debt for two years, and is considerably more than half the income of Great Brttan. Verily the deceased baron must, liko Midait, have possessed the faculty of turn? ing everything he touched into gold. Advantage of Learning a Trade.? Tho advice ot Benjamin Franklin, to give every child a trade by which he can earn a living, if necessary, comes of an experi enco older than his. In some countries this has been the law; in others a com? mon custom. St. Paul, though educated in the law at the feet of Gamaliel, also acquired the important Oriental -handi? craft of a tent-maker, by which he was able to earn his living while prosecuting his mission. It is a good and wise thing to do. You may be able to send your children fortunes; but "riches take to themselves wings." You may give them finished educations, and they may be gif? ted with extraordinary genius; but they may bo placed in situations where no ed? ucation and no talent may bo so available as some humble honest trade, by which they can get their living and bo useful to others. -o ? Misfortunes are moral bitters, which frequently restore the healthy tone of the mind after it has been cloyed and sicken? ed by tbe sweets of prosperity. The Amnesty Proclamation?Message of the President. : ; Washington, D. C., Jan. 18, 1868. 1 To the Senate of the United States: ' Tho resolution adopted on the 5th in-J stant, requesting the President "to trans? mit to the Senate a copy of any. procla? mation of amnesty made by him since the last adjournmeut of Congress, and also | to communicate to the Senate by what J authority of law the same'.Was made," has been received. 1 I accordingly transmit herewith a copy of a proclamation dated the 25th day of j December last. The authority of law by which it was made is set forth in the proclamation itself, which expressly af? firms, that it was issued "by virtue of tho power and authority in me vested by the Constitution, and in the name of the sov? ereign people o? the United States," and proclaims and declares "unconditionally, and without reservation, to all and to every persen who directly or indirectly participated in tho late insurrection or rebellion, a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies during the late civil war, with restoration of ull.rights, privileges, and immunities under the Constitution, and the h.ws which have been made in pursuance thereof." The Federal Constitution is Understood to be, and is regarded by the Executive, as the supreme law of the land. ! The second section of article second of that instrument provides that the President "shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment." The proclamation of the 25th ultimo is in strict accordance with the judicial ex|k> sitions of the authority thus conferred upon the Executive, and, as will be seen by reference to the accompanying papers, is in com form i ty with the precedent cs tablished by*Washington in 1795, and' followed by Presidents Adams in 18UU, Madison in 181?, und Lincoln in 1863, and by the present Executive in 1865, 1867, and 1868. Andrew Johnson. The copies accompanying the Presi dent's answer to the Senate are as fol? lows : 1. Proclamation of General Washing? ton, dated tenth day of July, seventeen hundred and ninety-five, gianting to citizens who had been engaged in insur? rection (resisting collection revenue on distilled spirits and stills) in the western counties of Pennsylvania, excepting cer? tain classes described in proclamation, a general pardon of ali treasons and other, indictable offences. 2. Proclamation ot John Adams, dated twenty-first day of Ma}*, eighteen 'hun? dred, granting full pardon to;ill and every person (ineludingsome excepted in Wash? ington's proclamation)-engaged'in said insurrection? whereby remedying and releasing unto all such persons, all pains and p?nal ties incut rod, or supposed to be incurred, for or on account of the premi? ses. 3. Proclamation ou. cing a bill to amend the Xei/?re oi-?fhce act. It is unnecessary logo in id ifce'de tails of ttiis proposed amendment, for fi is simply a Jacobin sublertugi-i\/ ptVp.i' uate Congressional control' 6">\i: lb Ex? ecutive, and amounts to a cf?i^rztruft????**? P1 wunt ot confidence in b^nera: G.-f . There is no middle course iit'^VrV it, ..?r. Either repeal the uvt ai d pi. ? ? n..- E.-.- I utive in the same p<-Mi:oii - et .'C!-?.j.ic?// through the whole hisloryU . iht \?i;..? ment up to March, lbo7, oi iei >'je Rsi?? oals Openly eird hotie.-u) n.\ iv.v} not trust tbe President ele<-i., j.: .i kc.v.. the law as it now stand*. %i\ quet>i i*>{i, sliould not be doomed, in the sneaki.., manner proposed by Mr. Wilson. vr? u Grant may say, those \\l?? are noi rot n..: in this matter are against n;e. Those who may vote for this proposition n.u<-i ho regarded as against Lite new. :: determined to govern tbe, conn try by a Congressional iiligare) .v."" It is folly to taia or peace or of liuruiO; ny in the Govenimen. if this Jnc<.!p. assumption of power is to bcipc. peiijuf'-'d. and the President be niude a mere aiitV. raaton in the hands of a Congressional faction, contrary to ihesj/im ut tire ton slitutron and the former practice Ottlret Government. There womd be nothing** but discord and inefficiency in tl?e admins istration, the laws unexecuted, and worse corruption and disorganizaiion than vxn have seen for the last two years. Who is responsible now for rhe stupendous revenue frauds and ail theoiher evils t be? have afflicted the country' The Presi? dent says Congiess is, mihi Congress byis the blame on t&o President. It .writ \ .-, ?.. no middle course. Those Senate? ?? v are for the ucwad4Miuista'ati?'ii wdl?-pj. .??? M.r. Wilson's j?P?.prisiuauitall g(? to; i!.t repeal of the Iemirei?d:OihVe bi'j : : those 14jaiust.it .will at t otiierwi??1 \?.*r regard ibis as the 'entering uv.^e conflict between the exile me iiitiiit;.: ;.. lion and the iiieotiiiny; atlnijio>irano The result will l?e Jooked for wiili'"?V''t:L interest.?New York lit rail. StTUTHBRN Recuperation.?The ^i York 7mie$ s?(.r-. and grind her," is reenpeivifiiig. Cp?\'. the fact, it thus 'discourses: *{Ever since the close w (lie :\ u v\ a?.? cents an acre were all ihar cotibl b?- \ \\ tutfned for choice tr.-n ts in Alab .ma ' ji-nr' gra. *nd adjoining Slates. ; Wei-n. This condition exiHtei?^f?iget:. A ?? nil advance in value >hje> lakec: ? <. Lands which >ix monrhs ?ui" in>?bi L . -> been had in large quantities tor .. ti-?;-! acre, are now hold at 4ive? ainf AUt' pect isJi steady advatiee) i*?wj\i;o ? tji. value, which is as much beyond a.b?- ij ent figures n* they are beyond iri recent period. S?)Uth Carolinaf . -. the benefits ot the change. T: e ?? ... and extent of it?says our Cm -1.- .-. . respondent?'can only he la kl- :.? :? 1 by those w-hn have had trpjH>r rfe obsendng and coiitmstin^ ti.?- ; 1. >??.:' condition of all classes of Che ,y<.in J..-rr p?>ople with their condition twelve m.-ntl^ How to Ppevent Kerosene Accidknt? ?Never fill up the lamp when lighted. Trim always by day. putirn-g in fresh ftl every morning und n mi?VMig ;theehun-ed portions of the wick. Avoid ox (wising I he lamp to sudden drafts, whicli blow tbe flames into the reservoir of oil and ex? plode them. Carry u?jm about as little as possible, and before doing so. lower the wick. Never burn with a flame too low, for this causes smoke and smell. Never extinguish them by blowing; there is al? ways a gas in the reservoir of the lamp; and the instant the flame descends and comes in contact therewith, explosion fol? lows ; put them out by covering the wick. If these simple instructions are attended to, explosion is impossible, all bad smell avoided, and a light obtained twice as brilliant as gas at half the cost. ? The erection of factories in the South will give employment to thnusands of poor young whites, who now do not earn their salt. It will make prodnoers out of this large class of non-producers, and thus increase our material wealth. Farmers, take your money out of your grand? mother's old stockings, and set the loom and tho spindle in motion. ? Cattle are not ambitious of fame, but tho very wind blows their horus for then.