Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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the anderson intelligencer, IS ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY, AT ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, IN ADVANCE. JB^* If delayed six months, S1.50 ; and $2.00 at the end of the year. JAMES A.". U O Y X 9 EDITOR AXD PROPRIETOR. K Advertisements inserted at moderate rates; liberal BK doduotions made to those who will advertise by the HR^car. ?Farewell Speech of Jeff. Davis. Bk We present t q our readers the remarks made by : iHpSenator Davis, of Miss., in retiring from the U. S. 18 Mr. Davis. I rise, Mr President,for the [Bpurpose of announcing to the Semite that BS I have satisfactory evidence that the Hkstate of Mississippi, by a solemn ordinance Hof her people in Convention assembled, has Wrdeclared her separation from vtho United States. Under these -circumstances, of course ray functions are terminated here, i It has seemed to me proper, however, that ?> I should appear in the Senate to announce I that fact to nry associates, and I will say but veiy little more. The occasion docs not invite me to go into argument; and my physical condition would not permit me to do so if it were otherwise; and yet it seems to becomo me to say .something on the part of the State. I hero repre? sent, on au occasion so solemn a.s this. It is known to Senators who have serv? ed with me hero, that I have for many years advocated as an essential attribute ' of State Sovereignty, the right of a State to secede from the Union. Therefore, if I had not believed there was justifiable cause ; if I had thought that Mississippi ?was acting without sufficient provocation, or without an existing necessity, I should still, under my theory of the Government, because of my allegiance to the State of which I am a citizen, have been bound by her action. I. however, may be permitted to say that I do think she has justifiable cause, and I approve of her act. I con? ferred with her people before that act was taken, counselled them then that if the state of things which they apprehended should exist when the convention met, they should take the action which they have now adopted. I hope none who hear me will confound this expressing of mine with the advocacy of the right of a State-to remain in the Union, and to disregard its constitutional obligations by the nullification of the law. Such is not my theory. K unification and secession, so often confounded, arc indeed antagonistic principles. Nullification is a Temedy which it is sought to apply within the Union, and against the agent of the States. It if? only to be justified when the agent has violated his constitutional obli? gation, and a State, assuming to judge for itself, denies the right of the agent thus to act, and appeals to the other States of the Union.for a decision; but when the people of the States, have so acted as to convince us that they will not.regard our constitu? tional rights, then, and then for the first time, arises the doctrine of secession in its practical application. ?A great man who now reposes with his fathers, and who has been often arraigned for a want of fealty to the Union, advoca? ted the doctrine of nullification, because it preserved the Union. It was because of his deep-seated attachment to the Union. . his determination to find some remedy for existing ills short of a severance of the ties which bound South Carolina to the other States, that-Mr. Calhoun advocated the doctrine of nullification, which he pro? claimed to be peaceful, to be within the limits of State power, not to disturb the Union, but only to be a means of bringing the agent before the tribunal of the States for their judgment. Secession belongs to a different class of remedies. It is to be justified upon the basis,that the States are sovereign. There was a time when none denied it. I hope the time may come again, when a better comprehension of the theory of our Gov? ernment, and the inalienable rights of the people of the States, will prevent any one from denying that each State i% a sove? reign, and thus may reclaim the grants which it has made to any agent whomso? ever. ^therefore say I concur in the action of the people of Mississippi, believing it to be necessary and proper, and should have bee* bound by their action if my belief had been otherwise; and this brings me to the important point which I wish on this last occasion to present to the Sen? ate. It is by this confounding of nullifica? tion and secession that the name of a great man, whose ashes now mingle with his mo? ther earth, has been invoked to justify co? ercion against a seceded State. The phrase " to execute the laws," was an expression which General Jackson applied to the case of a State refusing*to obey tho laws while yet a member of the Union. That is not the case which is now presented. The laws arc to bo executed over the United otatos.. They have- no relation to any foreign country. It is a perversion of terms, at least it is a great misapprehen? sion of the case, which cites that expres? sion for application to a State which has withdrawn from the Union. You may make war on a foreign State. It' it be the purpose of gentlemen, they may make war against a State which has withdrawn from the Union ; but there are no laws of the United States to be executed within ?the limits of a seceded State. A Slate -finding herself in the condition in which Mississippi has judged she is. in which her safety requires that she should pro? vide for the maintenance of her rights out of the Union, surrenders all the benefits, (and thc3r are known to be man v.) de prieves herself of the advantages, (thcy ai*c known to be great,) severs all the ties of affection, (and they arc close and e n? dearing.) which have bound her to the Union ; and thus divesting herself of eve? ry benefit, taking upon herself every bur? den, she claims to be exempt from any power to execute the laws of. the United States within her limits. I well remember an occasion when Mas? sachusetts was arraigned before the bar of the Senate, and when then the doctrine of coercion was rife and to be applied against her'because of the rescue of a fu? gitive slave in j3oston. My opinion then was the same that it is now. Xot in a spirit of egotism, but to show that I am not influenced in my opinion because the case is my own, I refer to that time and that occasion as containing the opinion which 1 then entertained, and on which my present conduct is based. I then said, if Massachusetts, following her through a I stated line of conduct,-chooses to take the last slap which sepcratcs her from the Union, it is her right to go, and I will neither vole one dollar nor one man to coerce her back; but will say to her. God speed, in memory of the kind associations which once existed between her and the other States. It has been a conviction of pressing ne? cessity.it has been a belief that we are to be j deprived in the Union of the rights which our fathers boqueathed to us, which has brought Mississippi into her present decision. She has heard proclaimed the theory that all men arc created free and equal, and this made tjie basis of an at? tack upon her social institutions j.nnd the sacred declaration of Independence has been invoked to mnintnin the position of the equality of the races. That Declara? tion of Independence is to be construed by the circumstances and purposes for which it was made. The communities were declaring their independence : the people of those communities wore assert? ing that no man was born?to use the l?n? gnage of Mr. Jefferson?booted and spur? red to ride over the rest of mankind; .that men were created equal?meaning'the men of the political community; that there was no divine right to govern; that there were no classes by whieh power and place descended to families, but that all stations were equally within the- grasp of each member of the body-politic. These were the great principles they announced; these were the purposes for which they made their declaration; these were the ends to which their enunciation was directed. They have no reference to tho slave; else, how happened it that among the items of arraignment made against George 1J1 was that he endeavored to do just what the North has been endeavoring of lale to do?to slit- up insurrection among our slaves ? Had the Declaration announced that the negroes were free and equal, how was the Prince tobe arraigned for stirring up insurrection among them '! And how was this to be enumerated among the high Climes which caused the colonies to sever their connection with the mother country? When our Constitution was formed, the same idea was rendered more palpable,for there we find provision made for that vciy class of persons as property; they were not put upon the footing of equality with white men?not even upon that of pau? pers and convicts; but, so far as represen? tation was concerned, were discriminated against as a lower caste, only to be repre? sented iu the numerical proportion of three filths. Then, Senators, we recur to the com? pact which binds us together; we recur to the principles upon which our Govern, ment was founded; and when you deny them, and when you deiry to us the right to withdraw from a Government which thus perverted threatens to be destructive of our rights, we but tread in the path of our fathers when we proclaim our inde penelenccTand take the hazard. This is done not in hostility to others, not to in? jure any section of the country, not even for e>ur own pecuniary benefit; but from the ligh and solemn motive of defending . and protecting tho rights we Inherited, and which it is our sacred duty to trans j mit unshorn to our children. I find in myself, perhaps, a type of tho general feeling of my constituents towards yours. I am sure I feel no hostility to }-ou. Senators from the North. I am sure there is not one of 3*011, whatever sharp discussion there may have hecn between ! us, to whom I cannot now say, in theprcs cnecof my God. I wish you well; and such, I am sure, is the feeling of tho people whom I represent towards those whom you represent. I therefore feel that I but express their desire when I say I hope, for peaceful relations with you. though we must part. They may he mutually ben? eficial to us in the future, as they have been in the past, if yoa so will it. The reverse may bring disaster on every por? tion of the country; and if you will have it thus, we will invoke the God of our fathers, who delivered them from the pow? er of the lion, to protect us from the rav? ages of 1110-bear; and thus, putting our trust in God. and in our own firm hearts and strong arms, will vindicate the right as best we may. In the coursoof my service here, associ? ated at different times with a great varie? ty of Senators, I see now around me some with whom I have served long; there have been points of collision; but whatever of offence there has been to me, I leave here; T carry with me no hostile remembrance. Whatever olfense I have given which has not been redressed, or for which satisfac? tion has not been demanded, I have, Sen? ators, in this hour of our parting, to offer you my apology for any pain which, in heat of discussion, I have inflicted. I go hence unencumbered of the remembrance of any injury received, and having dis? charged the duty of making the only reparation in my power for any injury of? fered. Mr. President and Senators, having made the announcement which the occa? sion seemed to me to require, it only rc mains for me to bid you a final adieu. -<?> List of Acts passed by the General Assembly of South Carolina, 1860-GI. An Act to authorize the formation of a Volunteer Company within the limits of the Independent Battalion attached to the Thirteenth Regiment of Infantry. An Act to repeal tho Acts of Incorpo? ration of the Town of Bluffton. An Act to increase the number of Com? missioners of Roads for Kingston Parish and other purposes. * An Act to authorize the formation of a new Volunteer Company to bo called the St. Paul's Kittes. An Act to alter the law in relation to Fish Sluices on Broad River. An Act to alter and amend an Act en idled, '; An Act to make malicious tres? passes indictable." An Act to incorporate certain Societies, Associations and Companies, and to re? new and amend the charters of others. An Act to provide for the appointment of an additional Magistrate in All Saints Parish. An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to afford increased facilities for the administration of justice i:i Charleston District An Act to incorporate the Yillage of Xi net}'-Six. An Act to establish certain Roads, Bridges and Ferries, and to renew and amend certain charters heretofore granted. An Act to repeal an Act entitled "An Act to require and regulate the granting of Licenses to Itinerant Salesmen and Travelling Agents/' An Act to incorporate the Shoe and Leather Manufacturing Company. An Act to alter and amend the Charter of the Hamburg and Edgcficld Flank Road Company. An Act to increase the powers of Com-1 missioners of Public Buildings. An Act to authorize the Railroad Ac? commodation Wharf Company to con? struct a Draw Bridge over Mazyckbor OUgh Creek. An Act to provide for the proper ad? ministration of the Admiralty and Mari? time laws in the State of South Carolina and for other purposes. An Act to incorporate the Presbyterian Church of Yorkville. An Act to provide for the maintenance of a Police Guard in tho town of George? town. An Act to amend the law in relation to House Burning. An Act to amend an Act entitled '" An Act to convert the Arsenal ?t Columbia, and the Citadel and Magazine in and near Charleston, into Military Schools." An A ct to authorize the formation of a Troop of Cavalry at Spartanburg Village, to be received into tl\e Upper Squadron Xinth Regiment, Fifth Brigade of South Carolina Cavalry, and to incorporate the same. An Act to repeal the seventh section of an Act entitled " An Act for the more ef? fectual relief of Insolvent Debtors, and 5 ? ?? ' '! ?1 * for other purposes," passed the seventh day of April, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine. An Act to prescribe the form of permits for slaves to be absent from the owner's premises. An Act to amend the charter of the Georgetown Railroad Company, so as to authorize the said Company to extend their road, to Bishopvillc. in Sumter Dis? trict, and to reduce the amount of stock necessary to be held by any one before becoming a Director or officer in said Company. An Act to incorporate the Duo "VFest Female College. An Act to amend and renew the charter of the Grace Church, Charles? ton. An Act to authorize the issue of bonds or stock for continuing the construction of the New State House. An Act to vest in certain persons all the right, title and interest of tho State, by escheat, in and to certain property. An Act to incorporate the Calhoun Guards. An Act to incorporate Buford's Bridge Railroad Company. An Act to incorporate the Greenville Gas Light Company. An Act to authorize the formation of a new Volunteer Company of Infantry with? in the. limits of the Fifteenth Regiment of South Carolina Militia, to be called the "Lexington Volunteer Rifle Company," and to incorporate the same, and to au? thorize the formation of certain other new volunteer companies, and for other purpo? ses. An Act to incorporate the new Building and Loan Association. An Act to amend the Charter of the Town of Sumter. An Act to incorporate the West Point Mill Company. An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to enlarge and extend the powers of the Governor and of the City Council of Charleston over Quarantine and for other purposes," passed on the 20th December. 1832. An Act to lend the name and credit of the State to the Greenville and Columbia Railroad Company in there-adjustment of their debt. An Act to authorize the formation of a new Volunteer Company of Infantry within the limits of the Twenty-sixth Reg? iment of South Carolina Militia, to be call? ed tike Chester Rifles, and to incorporate the same. An Act to declare a certain portion of Four Holes Creek a navigable stream. An Act to amend the Charter of the Laurcns Railroad Company. An Act to provide for compensation to owners of property taken for public pur? poses. An Act to afford aid in the construction of the Georgetown Railroad. An Act to incorporate certain Towns and Villages, and to renew and aanend certain Charters heretofore, granted. An .Vet to provide a Patrol and Military Guard for the City of Charleston and for other purposes. An Act to alter and amend the law in relation to the method of counting votes in all elections by the people An Act to incorporate Ninety-Six Church. An Act to incorporate certain Religious and Charitable Societies for the advance? ment of Education, and to renew and amend the Charters of others heretofore granted. An Act to incorporate the Citizen's Line Railway Company of Charleston, South Carolina. An Act to incorporate the Central Rail? road Company of South Carolina. An Act to incorporate the Barnwell Railroad Company. An Act to incorporate the Presbyterian Church of Aiken. An Act to incorporate the Charleston City Railway Company of South Caroli? na. An Act to incorporate the Bcnnctts villc and Society Hill Railroad Compa? ny An Act to authorize the formation of a Volunteer Company of Riflemen within the limits of the Seventh Regiment South Carolina Militia, and to incorporate the same. An Act to raise Supplies for the year commencing in October, one thousand eight hundred and sixty. An Act to make /Appropriations for tho voar commencing in October, one thou? sand eight hundred and sixty. An Act creating a Military Establish? ment for the State of South Carolina, and for other purposes. An Act to amend the Charter of the Town of Georgetown in sundry particu? lars. An Act to renew and amend the Char? ter of the town of Greenville. An Act to authorize the appointment of a special Magistrate for the Town of Summerville,and an additional Magistrate for Lexington District. An Act to repeal certain Acts m re? lation to the Registration of Births. Mar? riages and Deaths in the State of South Carolina. -o Adjournment of the I,e?islatiirc. We clip the following racy account of an amusing scene from the Charleston Mercury. The House of Representatives was engaged in discussion near the hour for final adjournment*?the question was or? dered, when the nj-es and noes were called for, and a member raised the point of order that there was not a quorum present. The account proceeds: The Speaker, after a count, announced that there was not a quorum present. Sixty-three members constituted a quo? rum? but thcro Avere only fifty-six mem? bers present. - Mr. Cunnigham moved that there be a call of the House, and staled that it was due to the dignity of the body that a quorum should be present at this time. Mr. Boylston hoped the call would be made. Mr. Black inquired whether he could withdraw his point of order, as he not wish to place the Ilonsc in an unpleasant position. The Speaker replied that the motion could not iie withdrawn. It had been brought to the attention of tho Chair that the House was Avithout a quorum, and the Chair-would inform the House that he Avould not transact business until a quorum appeared. The question was then taken, and the call of the House was ordered. The Clerk accordingly called the roll, and the names of the absentees being as? certained, the Doorkeeper was directed to summon their attendance. In the meantime? On motion of Mr. W. Gr. DeSaussure, Mr. B. J. Johnson was excused on ac? count of illness; also Mr. Maclarlan for the same cause. On motion of Mr. Muliins, Messrs. How? ard and Anderson were excused on ac? count of illness. On motion of Mr. TV. Gr. DeSaussure, Mr. Prince was excused on account of military duties. On motion of Mr. Boylston, Mr. Ramsay was excused on account of military duties in the harbor. From 9 o'clock up to a quarter to 11, the sitting AA'as very dull and dreary. Lacking a quorum, all business was sus? pended, and Avhen members moved to ad? journ they were requested to withdraw the motion in order that no discourtesy might be offered to the Senate?theoffect of the motion in the position of the House being ar. adjournment sine die. In the meantime, the "Black Rod," in the hands of the willing officers, created surprise and considerable stir in various quarters of the city. Still no returns were made. Avhen finally the House Avas aroused from its apparent indifference to results by the announcement of a "message from the Senate!" In a moment the Clerk of the Senate, Mr. Win. B. Martin, was observed advancing up the aisle. He said : Mr. Speaker. I am instructed by the Senate to inform tho House that it has disposed of the business of the present session of the General Assembly, and is now ready to adjourn. To which the Speaker replied: Mr. Clerk. Please mention, as coming from the presiding officer of this body, that this House is without a quorum, and if tho House shall pretermit the usual message it is because they have not the power to send it. The Clerk of the Senate tficn retired. The Speaker then laid before the House a message from the Senate, informing the House that the Senate had concurred in the alteration of the House in the nation? al flag of South Carolina, adopted on Sat? urday. Mr. O'Bryau. I move that the House adjourn. Mr. Boylston. Mr. Speaker: There Avill be a difficulty, if avo adjourn now. The presiding olficcr has just announced that the House cannot adjourn. [Sever? al voices: " Oh no!"] The House can adjourn from day to day, but not sine die. & The Speaker. The Chair will state to tho members? Mr. Cuningham (interrupting). An ad? journment by twenty members now means an adjournment sine die. The Speaker (resuming). The Chair has already replied to the . interrogatory of a member. A majority of this House, ' when it had majority, ordered the final adjournment to be this day; consequent? ly, Avhen this House adjourns, although in form the motion is to meet to-morrow, in effect the adjournment Avill be sine die. So the Chair decides. Mr. Yeadon. If there was no motion to adjourn, the Speaker could announce that I the House is adjourned sine die. ? j Tho Speaker. The Chair could not do that until sunrise. Mr. Boylston. Mr. Speaker: I believe there is a message under consideration announcing a vacancy in the office of Ad? jutant and Inspector-General. That mat? ter has been referred to the Committee' on Offices and Officer, but there has been no report upon it. It is important that action should be taken up-on it. 3Ir. Screven. Mr. Speaker, the Senate has informed this body that it has dispos-'* eel of all the business before it. There? fore I cannot understand the reason of the gentleman's opposition. Mr. Boylston. It is well known, Mr. Speaker, that this House has not dispos? ed of the business before it. A Voice. " That's so!" Mr. Cunningham. Mr: Speaker, tho Senate has announced to this House that it is ready to adjourn. The Senate has not announced to this House that it is ready to go into the election of an Adju? tant General. It says to this House, that i t is not ready to gqjnto that election. It is conclusive that that body cannot go with us into the election of that officer. "Nev? er mind what that means, it is proof to us, however willing we may be, that the co-ordinate branch is not prepared for that election. That being so, and the Senate having directly announced that it. is ready to adjourn, and we having noth? ing now before us, we are brought ?.own to the simple point of adjournment; and if a motion to adjourn, acted upon by twenty members, will adjourn this House si'ne die, it seems to me, Mr. Speaker, that that motion should be made, for if we sit until sunrise we will be no nearer a quo? rum than we are now. In that view, 11 move that the House do new adjourn. The Speaker. It is moved and second-, cd that the House do now adjourn. Mr. Thompson [interrupting]. The gentleman has withdrawn the motion a moment. Something has been said about a vacancy in the Adjutant-General's Office. I beg leave to state the Commit? tee on Offices and Officers have had no evidence before theni of airy vacancy in that office, and therefore could not act upon the message referred to them. Mi-. Cunningham. I renew my motion to adjourn. The Speaker. It is moved and second? ed that this House do now adjourn. Is the House ready for the question ? [Cries of "question !" ;; question!"] The question was then put. but a very unsatisfactory response was elicited, and the Speaker hesitatingly said: " Tho ! ayes have it." Another vote being insisted on, tho question was again put. Again there was some doubt as to the result, and the Speaker said: " It appears to the Chair that the ayes have it. (A pause.) The ayes have it, and this House stands ad? journed, according to tho order of the General Assembly, sine die." A big thump from the gavel, and the members realize that the session is ended and they arc at liberty to return to their homes, with the consciousness of having discharged their duties to the State. Ac? cordingly, they hasten down the aisle, shaking hands and bidding each other a heart-felt "good bye." -~* Tragedy in Alabama.?The suicide of Wm. English, in Baldwin County, Ala? bama, after killing three of his children on the 14th instant, has been noticed. A letter in the Pensaeola (Fla.). Observer gives further particulars of the horrible affair. It says: "Ho went to Mobile with a draft on the bank of that city, calling for ?60,000, which ho failed to get. Supposing it lost forever, and himself and family impover? ished, he returned home with a heavy heart. On the first evening after his re? turn home he ordered his nurse to assem? ble the children in the p*ark)r, which she did, not suspecting his murderous inten? tions. As soon as the nurso had left tho room he approached the cradle in which lay his youngest child, an infant nine months old, and cut its throat from ear to car. The nurse happened to look .through the window and saw what he was doing, - and hastened to the garden where Mrs. English was superintending some work, and gave the alarm. Mrs. E. started for the house in all possible haste, and entered the parlor just as ho had cut the throat of the third child, and was in the act of cut? ting his own. Rushing forward, she seized him by the arm, and-casting a woeful look at the bleeding and mangled forms of his children, demanded his reason for Idlling them. He gently pushed her away, say in<* at the time it was all for the best. Before she could get to him again he made a lick at his throat, completely sev? ering the jugular vein, and falling into , a chair, gave way by degrees and fell dead upon the floor, surrounded by the bleeding forms of his innocent children.