Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, October 17, 1919, Image 1
^ _ ' ' . ISSUED 8EMI-. WKPCUT. ". ; . ' II ' I ''\
? m. grists sons, publisher.. & <$**%IJwspaper: 4or *M iSromofioof fh$ golttiqat, J#rt, JjgrtciiUuijal and djommeiifial Jntfrjsts of tTi^ $eopty. TERMsS^cofrfwNo*w^NC^ I
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BSTABLISHED 1855 YORK, 8. C., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1919. ^ 7 . NO. 83
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tlOVER NEWS LETTEI
** *
NEV BARK OPENS NEXT VEEI
{' I < ' ' 1 - ,
N|w? and Near News, of King's
Mountain Town Gathered by Enquirer
Staff Correeponc ent.
Clover, Oct 16?Influenza has recently
made its appearance in Clover,
Md the surrounding community again.
Illness of Mrs. C. H. Ferguson was on
Tuesday pronounced influenza of a
mild type by the attending physician,
and it is understood thac there are
several other cases of mil l form In the
surrounding community. No particular
apprehension la felt about the appearance
of the malady which took such a
terrible toll of lives In this community
last year, and while every possible ,
precaution will be taken to prevent its
spread, still there is a feeling: of confidence
that from present indications
It is not going to reach to anything
like last year's porporttonu. >. (
Election Next Week. ,
A spirit of lethargy prevails in con- ,
nectlon with the flection which is to ,
be held next Tuesday, October 21, for
the purpose of determining whether or
g not Cloveir shall operate under the .
terms of the abutting property act ,
with a vlOw to securing Federal aid in
A# 4 AAtt.anf ^kmiich
VUO VUilUUII V* a WIUV41V ?v?u vu<vuq?? II
the main street of the town. / The ,
election. It will be remembered, was to
have been hekl several weeks ago but \
was, postponed because of the failure
to properly open the. boo of regis- j
tratlon in accordance wl 4? the law. ]
* The registration books are now open,
however, and are in charge of Chief
% of Police John A. Jackson. Few ,
voters have registered and there has j
been little discussion of the approach- ]
lng election, although ? the majority
opinion is that it will carry. . .
Clover Boy Making Good,
Friends of Grover C. Page, who Is |
well known here and who Is a brother
of Mr. Jas. A. Page, cas' <er of the
Bank of Clover, are proud of the fact j
that he is making good as a cartoonist ,
on the Louisville Courier-Journal, one ,
of the best known dally newspapers in i
the United States. Mr. Page has been ;
on the Courier-Journal, for some time ,
past and bis cartoon everyday ou the ,
editorial page of the Courier-Journal ,
on asme political subject, is a distinctive
feature of that newspaper,!]
artractfng attention in all j
sections of the United States. Local (
IntaMtl It, Up Pkm'i tnpopN nt. .
Uchta particularly througi ih% fact
that he broke Into the cartoonist's
game with publtcatlbns in the Gastonia
Gazette and some of his earlier
cartoons were reproduced In The
Yorkville Enquirer. Mr. Page's Sunday
comic strip Is also a. feature of the
newspaper upon which he Is now employed.
Shy on Blankets. \
Anticipating the cold weather which
is already in evidence and having
learned of the quality of army
blankets through their soldier sons
who haven't forgotten how warm they
were; despite the fact that they discarded
them some time since, many
people of Clover and' vicinity have re-,
cently ordered ( blankets through a
government store in Charleston. The
demand for blankets there, however,
has been greater than the supply and
most of the Clover people who have
ordered got in too late.
Many Licenses Sold.
While doubtless, they have been
here all the while, the average man is
surprised to 4earn that there are as
many hunters in Clover and the Clover
section as there are. Under the
state law every man or woman either;
who would go out with a gun after
game of any kind must have a hunting
license?price $1.10 this year and i
they have been coming to Mack Fer- |
guson who Is selling: hunt'ng licenses ,
at the Bank of Clover in large num- ,
bers. Up to Tuesday Mr. Ferguson
had sold about 125 licenses and this ,
is only a part of the number which
have been sold in King's Mountain
and Bethel townships, sine? there are |
several other agents.
Mail Carriers Get Raise.
Clover rural free delivery carriers
are anticipating with pleasure the
aalary raise that they are soon to receive
and not one of them will deny
the fact that they need the money.
^ The postofflce department proposes to
* . raise the salary of rural carriers on all
standard routes (24 miles) $200 per
annum, giving them a total wage of
$1,700. It is a welcome addition since
the carriers have to furnish the:r own
I transportation, an item which cuts
into the present $1,500 salary to a
fearful degree.
Bank Opens Next Week.
The First National Bank of Clover
will open for business next week, according
to V. Q. Hambrlght, cashier of
the institution. The building on
King's Mountain street will be com'
pleted this week and the furniture and
fixtures will be installed next week
thereby enabling the banking house to
open for business.
Almost Good as a Mint.
Clover Cotton Manufacturing: Company
stock has proved to be a little
mint ever since the mill was built
about a quarter of a century ago, and
from all Indications it will continue to
be. Witness the earnings of the stock
of Mr. J. J. Wilson, a well known
Clover man who together with other
stockholders of the mill spl^his holding*
to n North Carolina concern a
few weeks ago: Wilson since the
mill was established, has invested
|1,605 In the Industry. His dividends
from the time he made his Investment
until the time he sold his holdings
were over $7,000. He received $11,000
for his stock, a total tff more than
$18,000 received from his $1,605 lrtvestment.
Ginnings Total Around 2,000 Bales.
Clovier ginnings up to date total
around the 2,000 bale mark and a
goodly per cent, of the cotton ginned
has been sold on the Clover market at
prices ranging from thirty cents up.
Both the Clover ginneries are still going
at capacity clip and indications are
that they will continue to do so for
some time to come. Local merchants
report that collections thus far this
year are the best that they have ever
known comparatively and in fact, far
exceed their expectations.
Took it to Gastonia.
"The Gastonia Fair atas a success
all right," remarked a Clover merchant
Tuesday: "but what It did to
Clover trade for the time being was a
plenty. Seems like almost every body
In Clover and this vkftilty went to the
Gaston County Fair last week, and
Clover was a deserted village last
week for fair. There was little business
compared with the former week,
it went to GastonlaJ'
Miss Jean Pressly of Greenville, is
spending some time in Clover, the
puest of Miss Agnes Youngblopd.
Mrs. Mattie Wright and little son
visited Dr. and Mrs. W. C. Whitesides
it McConnellsville, this week.
Rev. O. L. Jones' was a visitor In
Pineville, N. C., this week.
Mrs. E. W. Pressly has returned to
her home in Greenville, after a visit
here.
Messrs. J. M. Cook and Jerry
Walker were among the COnfederateveterans
of this section who attended
the Confederate re-union in Atlanta,
ast week.
MAYNARD THE WINNER.
First Great Endurance Air Race
Across America.
Crossing the continent, 2,701 tnilea,
n twenty-four hours, fifty-eight minutes
and fifty-five and one-half seconds,
actual flying time, Lieut. Belvln W.
M&ynard, of Wake Forest, N. on
last Saturday-Hook first honors by a
few hours in the first lap of the double
transcontinental airplane reliability
race by landing at Ban Francisco at
I;27,07 p.. ra? Pacific tim?, while IJcut.
E. P: Keil, completed the eastbmind
trip at 6:20.10 p. m., Eastern time, followed
twenty seconds later by Major
2arl Spats, who reached New York
first but made an erroneous landing.
Lieut. Maynard, the tenth to start
from Mineoia, N. Y., last Wenesday
it 9:24.66, Eastern time, required, allowing
for difference in time, flftyjeven
miputes and eleven seconds more
han three days for the trip, without
dying between sunset and su.trlse,
ind after losing seven hours at
"heyenne on account of radiator trouble.
In addition, he was required to
rest a half hour at each control station.
The nearest competitor on the west
jiMiuu nan \ji cue iuuuu nip awiuaa
America was Capt. H. C. Drayton, who
vas forced to land at Lovelock# JNev.,
ate Saturday on the way to Reho.
As the two eastbound fliers left
San Francisco just before 10 a. m..
Eastern time, last Wednesday, they reluired
three days plus nearly nine
hours for their, trip, Impeded somevhat
by snowstorms In the Roci.y
mountains.
Following closely on the heels of
2apt. Drayton were Lieut. L. 8. Webster,
Capt. J. O. Donaldson and Lieut.
Anderson Pearson, Jr. The first landid
at Saladuro, Utah, at 4.09 p. m.
Mountain time, and Capt. Donaldson
arrived three minutes later. Lieut.
Pearson dropped at the same station
at 5.22 p. m.
Lieut. E. M. Manbelman, pilot of the
sixth airplane in the eastern race,
reached Salt Lake City after dark
Saturday but landed without mishap
in a field near the city.
After half circling the aviation held
at the Presidio, Lieut. Maynard
brought his plane to the ground at
the end of the first leg of his flight.
Both Lieut. Maynard and Sergt. Klein,
an observer, literally were pulled from
the fusilage of their machine by a
throng of admirers, among them Lieut.
Gen. Hunter Liggett, commanding the
Western department of the army,
Major Gen C. J. Menoher, chief of
the army's air service; Col. H. H. Arnold,
head of the service in the Western
department, and representatives of
the city government.
"It was a great trip. I enjoyed it
immensely, said Lieut. Maynard jn
landing. Both members of the plane's
crew looked tired and weather-beaten,
but they smiled happily and weathered
the barrage of compliments.
? Super chickens and eggs, two or
three times their present sise at a
cost not much greater than present
prices, was predicted by Alton E.
Brigqs, Boston, president of the National
Poultry, Egg and Butter Association
in an address Tuesday to the
10,000 delegates attending thfe opening
session of the thirteenth annual
convention at Cleveland, O. Mr. O.
Briggs said a new type of super-hen is
being bred and in the near future
would reach the public, thus doing
much to lower the cost of living.
? The boll weevil has advanced to a
line ten miles south of the city of
Florence,
VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS
Brief. Local Paragraphs of More or
Less laterest
9 ' I
PICKED DP BY ENQDIBEI BEP0RTE8S
Stories Concerning Folks and Things
8ome of Which You Know and <
Some You Don't Know?Condensed
for Quick Reading. 1
It was the privilege of "Here and
There" not long ago to witness what
was to him, a strange and unusual
sight, one of those sights that most of
us, including Here and There, wouid
rather hear of than witness. It was a
very painful surgical operation, involving
the future comfort, if not the
life, of a sufferer from a broken arm.
The Fennell Infirmary was the place, .
I and Dr. Fennell himself was the oper- .
ator. It was this circumstance tnat
made the witnessing a privilege?consciousness
of witnessing the. work of
a great master in a great profession
otherwise Here and There would
hardly have risked himself through
the ordeal which to a man unaccustomed
to such things, Is peculiarly
trying. Tho patient was an ex-at>ldier, 1
a young man from Great Falls, who t
had broken his arm in the e&rly part
of the war by being thrown from a 1
cavalry horse, and who, on account I
of the malpractice of an army sur- t
geon, was discharged with his arm ip 1
still a horrible condition. The break c
was in the forearm, a few Inches <
above the wrist The bones had never I
been properly set, and during the past ?
two years the protruding end on one c
of them had forced itself out and pro- <
duced a painful sore on the inside of 1
the wrist. Also the broken bone had* 1
grown longer and had produced an
ugly downward curve of the hand.
The young soldier, a splendid spec!- t
men of physical manhood, handsome r
and powerful, had been suffering r
agonies ever sipce. The Red Cross ^
ladles had learned of the case and had r
invoked the assistance of Dr. Fennell. <
It was an accidental happening that t
"Here and There" was present. He e
had gone to the doctor to have a wart c
taken from under his eye, ana aner
the offending1 growth had been. removed,
Py.. Fennell challenged him to
go Into the Operating room, a place
where very few of the lalety, except
especially close friends of the doctor,
ever go in any other capacity than as
patients. Already the young soldier
had been secured to the operating
table by means of stout leather s\rap?.
There were three nurses and two
doctors around him. One of the nurse6
was administering ether In a gentiv
trickling stream of the fluid onto c
pad of cotton gauze that fitted over the
patient's nose. Another nurse had
charge of the surgical instruments,
and another had charge of antiseptics, '
bandages, etc. One of the doctors
held the injured arm, feeling the puttients
pulse, and the other looked on, c
ready to meet any emergency that c
might arise. An X-ray had been made t
of the troublesome bone, and Dr. t
Fennell entered the room intently 1
studying this picture which he held in s
his hand. The young soldier, his con- t
sciousness gradually fading, express- i
ed a desire to see Hie picture, bu,t the \
doctor did not seem to hear him. I
When Doctor Fennell took hold of the t
Injured arm the young map warned
him that "I'm not gone yet!" on which
the doctor gently reassured him. Tne
breathing of the patient grew deeper c
and deeper until accompanied by convulsive
coughs, and as the nurse cut
off the trickle of ether, the doctor
quickly took a pair of hone forclps
from the hahds of one of the attendants
and .went after the broken bones.
It seemed like an age; but in reality
it was only a few seconds, until there
was a thick section of bone, full size
at the butt end, between the jaws of
the forceps. There was a pleased expression
on the doctor's face as if he
had accomplished exactly what he
wanted; but quickly laying aside the
forceps he gave attention to the
wound. At the outset he had painted
the whole forearm with iodine, and
now he was saturating it with bichloride
of mercury solution. Next he
filled the wound with cotton gauze,
and then he proceeded to firmly faster,
a neat bandage around the arm.
Everybody in the room except "Here
and There" seemed so thoroughly
matter of fact throughout the whole
proceeding, and although "Here and
There" did not faint or anything like
that he had a feeling that he was in a
death chamber. Presently the soldier
begai^ yelling at the top of his voice,
callinj to comrades to come and help
him. Then he began to struggle, and
after a little he actually drew his
powerful legs from underneath the
stoul leather strap and it looked as if
he would clean out the operating room
in short order, doctors, nurses, "Here
and There," and all; but it wound up
with an appeal to Dr. Fennell to shake
hands with him, and when the doctor
complied he became quiet. "Just like
a man gloriously drunk. It affects
most of them that way," quietly ex- 1
plained Dr. Fennell. Then holding up
the section of bone, the doctor gave
"Here and There" a clear and comprehensive
lecture that made plain the
whole trouble. "This piece of bone," 1
he said, "has been irritating the poor
fellow's arm just as if it had been a
splinter or any other foreign sub- '
stance." "Will he be comfortable
now," " Here and There" asked. "Yes, 1
he will not have.' anjrjShore trouble: but
because of the .neglect.he suffered at
the hands of the artby physicians, his
arm will never be nrtch use to him."
Florida P&sperous.
"Southern Floridav is expecting to
produce a bumper trrfp of citrus fruits
this year," said !Revj7. b. Oates, who
returned, to. Ms home .in Yorkvllle
Tuesday, from 3artqfkyFIa.. where he
has spent the f>ast two weeks in the
interests of the F#ward Movement
of the Associate Raprm^d Presbyter
Ian church, "fhe ftwft growers are
going to get a big tor their products,"
said Mf. Oa|ls, . "and they are
now making their, ArO^rations for
shipping. The, farimre 4n Florida are
also making preparatives to raise a
great cabbage Crop. .T%S' have learned
tfiat the csbbiag* crbp in the east
this year is pretty, p&SjjLof a failure
ind they are going la tor cabbage on
i scale they hjnrek nqijVeitempted before.
There has beep" little ra'n in
Florida the past two sAifoJbs and there
Is some suffering because. of lack of
It." Mr. Oates igid Sm&M A. R. P.
shurches in Florida'**4 twice subscribed
their apportionment to the A.
tL P. Forward Movengd^t Vhich seekso
raise 5250,000 for ClMffch extension.
Depended on ttUl^bster.
"Of the sixteen wMgfr applicants
vho stood the reoent faUBlnation for
teachers held In the >jMgi thouse at
Sforkville, only one mai% a mark sufIclent
to warrant a flMMgrade certificate,"
said Superinl&dent Carroll
he other day. "Tberdfc^fao question
jut what the exaralna??was a hard
tne. I was looking ov^tke examination
papers of some of jflf'colored applicants
the othefr dflSPand I came
tcross the paper of Ogfcjpf the col- i
red women, who 'I cannot
inswer these question. Anything <
hat I may get wui ran upon me
llaster and you.'" wXg
. New Subatltjffe;?
"Well there la a neyjjfhbstitute for
>oo?e I reckon," reraajjflKfe. Torkvllle
nerchant as he calleRK newspaper
nan into the rear of KflsSfce the other
lay where a number VWQpty bottles
narked "Cod Liver" flnkere stored,
rhere were a dozen omjgjliq/ them and
he merchant said thJIfljfry were the
Lccumulaiion of one (Mmce he had
laused others to be ifMp^d the day
?efore. i*. local man hJfc.has drunk
lome several hundred aBpp of booze,
>atent medicines, Ink e?J?hoe polish
n his day gave aonrofgnt on the
tewest substitute. isn't' such
rmHrdrtmc." hflOT t bottle'of the
tuff or twoibottles for a man of my
opacity has enough kick to make a
nan look his mother-in-law in,the eye
vithout flinching more than once, and
t has a sweet sort of tsate. I don't
mow how it might do some other peo>le
but it has not had a bad after efect
on me. It is about as good a drink
a paw-paw. or 'sweet papa' as some of
hem called It, when/rtt <was popular in
f orkville."
Don't Have to Pay.
They were talking about the price
>f cotton in 4 York county town the :
ther day?discussing the price in
heir town whicfc was a little lower
han some other town In the ctunty.
There was a cotton buyer In the crowd
ind he was asked why he paid less
han some other towns. His answer
vas, "What Js the use to pay more
vhen the farmers will sell It for less?"
tnd the others In the crowd said that
here was no use. < \
Didn't Want to Kill Him.
York county man got on a "bender"
>n York county combination joy juice,
laid combination being a mixture of
:ane seed and corn and peas and
:andle flies and stable manure and
roodness knows what elset It all hap- .
>ened a few days ago. The booze
lldn't last, however, as long as he
vanted the 'bender" to last and he
mdertook to prolong the agony with
he use of patent medicines and other
hings. Finally he got to where he
:ouldn't get any more of those and
hen he struck a York county barber
ina Donea mm ror a anna 01 nair
onic which contains a large per cent
)f alcohol and some sweet smelling
ituff likp that which abounds when
lome gawky girls cross the street and
iome other stuff. But the barber
vouldn't give him the stuff. "I feel
Jorry for you old man," he told the
:hirsty one and If I had a drink of
tquor I would give It to you because
Kou need it; but I am not going to
five you hair tonic to drink because it
night kill you and It might not but if
it did I would always feel like I killed
rou." And the man went without hair
tonic in his stomach or on his hair
?lther. Then the crowd in the barber
shop began talking about the evils of
prohibition, some of them saying that
if open saloons abounded in York
:ounty or the gallon a month law was
In operation again between York
county and Richmond or Jacksonville
and Solomon Shadd or Mr. Clarke or
the Small Grain Killing Company or
R. Rose or some of those other birds,
were still at the same old stand, it
would not be necessary for that fellow
to have asked that barber for hair
tonic. And others said things were
better as they are because while calls
for hair tonic for other than hairsute
purposes were registered ev&ry once
In a while, there were not so many as
there would be otherwise. And the
discussion ended with each side sticking
to Its original opinion.
L'T Aeroplane engines with nine and
fourteen radial cylinders have been
ptjrfpcted by an English builder.
MAHINIf Or STttL :
4 I ''l 'M;t
Interesting ;Fads About A Wonder-1
ful Indostry. . "
? : h
DISCOVERY OF BESSEMER PROCESS 5
- ^
Two Men Caught the Idea at About p
the Same Time?The Open Hearth i
Process is Still in Most Universal t
Use. b
In view of the nation wide attention c
now directed toward the strikes of t
steel workers, the National Oeographic fl
Society has issued a bulletin, based on
a communication from William Joseph c
Showalter, concerning the making of a
steel, which he terms "industry's d
greatest asset." The bulletin follows: b
The story of Bessemer steel is one p
of the fascinating chronicles of the r
industrial world. It seems to have v
been one of those cases where two g
men working In different countries, *
each without knowledge,of what the
other was doing, reached the same n
conclusion about the same time- h
Both were granted American patents; a
but upon application for renewal, the a
patent office held Kelly to be the in* t
ventor. The world, however, gives the r
credit to Bessemer, and the process is o
known as the Bessemer process. o
Kelly was a maker of old-fashioned p
cooking pots and kettles. It is related t]
that one day he was sitting in front ti
of his furnace and observed & point of r
Incandescence where there was no
charcoal?only the metal and the air. u
This led him to contend that air alone f<
would burn out the^ impurities from n
molten iron. When he developed his a
tilting converter, his engineer blew f,
such a tremendous blast through the ij
first charge that irort and all went up o
as sparks, to his discomfiture and the el
crowd's, amusement. He finally succeeded
in getting the amount of air ai
regulated, and poured out of his con- a
verter the first Bessemer steel. Peoplr a:
said Kelly would soon be burning ice. f<
Since his old converter was first used, jr
billions of dollars worth of steel has n
flowed out of the world's converters. I t
bn?h TTaIIv and pfimpmpr were baf-I n.
fled by the problem of regulating the p
supply of air so that it would not burn
out all the carbon, a little of which is 0j
essential to steel. Furthermore, their a
products frequently proved to be hrit- tl
tie, owing to the fact that the rpolten
metal absorbed oxygen from the n
air blast. The first difficulty was solved g
eventually by tHe expedient of burning y
out practically all the carbon, then g
adding exactly the amount required f?r tj
the specific quality of steel desired. The ^
second difficulty was overcome through 0j
P. Mushet, a Scotch steel maker. Gor- jt
mason, a Swedish Ironmaster had pre- ^
Piously achieved the same rseults by c-'(
using a pig iron initially rich in mansanese.
Thereafter undetrdone and
overdone stceh disappeared. t.
To go into a great building wherq ;
there is a battery of Bessemer convert- H
srs is to see more heat than Dante ever ?]
- - . _ . i
pictured. A converter is a nuse tests S|
swung 'amidships' on trunions. The g
great egg of steel lined with flre-brlck
has the top off. Some twenty e]
tons of molten pig are poured Into It, p
md then through some two hundred g
little holes in the bottom powerful f(
engines pump in a stream of cold air. w
As the oxygen-laden air sweeps up
through the molten iron, it touches the j,
molten carbon and silicon, which con- ^
stitute the impurities, and carries {r
them away. Millions of red and white w
sparks fill the air, as if some demon u
within the fiery fluid were giving a
pyrotechnic performance. A thousand
engines, with safety-valves hissing under
tremendous pressure, have the
voice of a zephyr in comparison. First
the flame that pours forth is violet, ^
then shades into orange, becomes a ^
dazzling white, burning Anally to a Q
faint blue, which is a sign that all the n
impurities are gone. ^
Then the blast ceases, the .carbon ^
tnat is necessary iu repm^c IUC UWlft- j ^
ed portions burned out is added, the ^
great brick and steel egg swings back tj
to position, the carbon is < mixed with ^
the fervent fluid, and then the egg
tips over on its side and oDt of the top c
flows the liquid steel into a great ladle, j
When it is swung back into position, a w
man with colored glasses walks out M
over the converter and peers down into j4
its white-hot depths to see if the heat tj
from the last oharge has melted away ^
any of the fire-brick lining. It has, ^
he hurls balls of putty-like clay down p
into the holes to stop them up, or sets f(
a crew of workmen to patching the ^
damaged shell. This done, the big egg n
swings back again, gets another charge w
of molten iron, and begins the pro- j,
cess over again. The whole operation ^
takes about 20 minutes?a ton of f(
steel a minute. Bessemer steel is usea a
for structural material, railroad rails, p
wire and pipe. j,
In 1900 there was twice as rtiuch w
steel produced in the United States by ^
*" ^ ?? nnon-hftnrth I u
me tsessemer as uj tuv ?
process. But with the rapid exhaus- ^
tion of ores having the proper amounts b
of phosphorous for converter practice,
the open-hearth furnace, which can
use with equal success ores which con- a
tain either a large or a small amount u
of phosphorous, largely replaced the a
Bessemer converter. . d
An open-hearth furnace looks a good t
deal like an ordinary bake-oven; but *
when one looks In through the water- 3
cooled door, a vast difference appears.
Instead of pans of fragrant, fat loaves 1
of baking bread, there Is an Imposing tl
pool of Hcry liquid as bright as the ti
filament of a high-power tuagsten li
tllliPi bu uauuuR mat u van uo
imined with safety to the eyes only
iy those using colored- glasses. Tinted
lere and there with streaks of soft
due and dainty pink, it looks like
nelted stick candy.
In preparing a battery of openlearth
furnaces for a charge, finely
[round dolomite is shoveled In first
This melts like glass and fills up all'
racks and crannies caused by the
powerful heat of the preceding charge,
lien a little train rolls up before the
>attery, and an electric crane dumps
ox after box of scrap metal from the
ars into the furnaces. Off some dlsance
is a great steel tank lined with
re-brick and full of liquid pig metal.
Tm. *V. _ V..? nnrl t Vio
TTI1C1I Clip OVI??V Jiaj aaswawa* uuu ?M?
ontents of the cauldron are cooked
nough; when the Impurities have been
riven' out and tolled away the flery
roth is 'seasoned' as It were, with the
roper amount of carbon, spiegel, fero
manganese, tungsten, ferroelllcon, .
anadiunv or whatever is necessary to '
Ive the desired character to the reultlng
steel. > '
Then comes the tapping of the furace.
An electric crane lifts a great
tdle into position, a workman Jams
crowbar through a clay-plugged ^iole
t the base, and -ovit flows the frented
stream into the ladle. The slag '
ises to the top like oil on water and 1
verflows, congealing on the outside
f the ladle. Then the big cranu ,
icks up the ladle, swings it over to '
He pouring platform; where it In its 1
irn is tapped and its purifled fluid J
uns off into molds.
Great care has to be taken in handng
these ladles, for the presence of a 1
sw drops of moisture when the hot 1
letal is pouusd into one might cause '
n explosion and loss of life. Just be>re
they receive the molten metal the '
idles are heated nearly white hot in
rder that the steel or iron may not '
Hill in them.
As fast as they are filled the ladles
re swung out over the ingot molds J
nd tne iiquia meei is run into uwm
ad allowed to cool and take* lta solid
>rm. It Is as. if water were poured '
lto piolds and set in a refrigerating
lachine to freese into blocks of ice.
he only difference is that the 'feezing* 1
oint of steel is away above the boiling '
olnt of water. ... 1
There are two other important typos
t steel furnaces?the crucible furoaoe
nd the electric furnace. In both of
tern the Idea is to keep all hurtful
sees and other impurities out ahd to
tgulale the addition of alloys and oxy- '
st} destroyers to a niestyi In a cru- 1
Ible furnace ihe metal is placed in 1
raphlte clay pets, covers are pat over
lem, and the pots subjected to greet
eat Silida Is gradually absorbed out '
I the clay in the pots and transformed
ito silicon by coming into contact *
1th the ca?bbn in the atpel. The slli- '
in in its tiirn absorbs the oyygen with '
i Its turn absorbs the oxygen and 1
iu8 quiets the frothing, foaming con. 1
mts of the kettle^
The electric furndce acts in much the
ime way, its heat being so pure that
iere is no necessity of putting the
teel in covered pots to keep out
ases and Other impurities. An elecric
arc, established between huge 1
lectrodes and the surfaoe of the slag.' 1
? j?.. hut in a,,/?h n furnace. '
rouucco uio UVWV ?M WMVM ?
y varying the hiaterials used in the
>rmation of the slkg any impurity can
ooed off and the glowing steel lefts
pure as crystal. The alloys are then
lixed with the steel and it is made
t for any Use desired- It is drawn off
ito ladles and poured into ingot molds,
'here it hardens, ready to be worked
p into these things that constitute
le last word in fine steel.
Ml I l? ?
? What might have been a serious
ccident was narrowly averted by the
resence of mind of Mr. and Mrs.
.rthur Lucas on Saturday night when
tiey were crossing the Savannah river
n Middleton's Ferry, says a McCorlick
dispatch of Tuesday. They were
raveling in a touring car. Mr. and
Irs. Lucas were oil the front seat
rith their Infant child in the lap of
Irs. Lucas. Just as they had crossed :
tie river the ferryman, a negro, threw
tie chain holding the flat around the 1
eg and stood holding the end of the :
hain told Mr. Lucas to drive out 1
ust as the front wheels of the car '
'ere off the flat the flat pushed back
'hen the chain Slipped off the peg. 1
;aving the front of the automobile on
tie bank with the rear wheels on the
at. The flat then began going back
l the river ahd Mr. Lucas seeing hl4
redlcament undertook to get oft be are
it could g"et away from the bank,
ut the front wheels of his car would
ot go up the hill while the 'rear
rheels were pushing the flat back
ito the water and at the same time
id not get nearer the bank. In a
sw seconds the flat had been pushed
way and the rear end of the car had
lunged into the river. In the next
nstant the whole car and occupants
re re going down into water about 50 1
eet deep. Mr. Lucas grabbed the
aby and swam to shore and ' imme- 1
lately plunged into the river and
rought Mrs. Lucas safely ashore although
she had drifted a considerable
(stance down the river. It Is remark-,
ble that they escaped foi*the top was
p on the automobile and they were
lmost pinned under the top and uner
the water. The machine is still in
he river and it is stated that the
rater at this point Is something like
0 feet deep.
2V Scotch experts have found that
he African baobab tree yields a fiber
hat la one of the finest paper-mak- >
ig materials to be found, <
murem m lot wobjui
Internattooal ftanftttoo Censtders
Case Cf Cotton
*? ".T7yNEED
fOI GENERAL iEADJCSTMECT
British R0pr*s?ntativ? 8?y?, D?cru*a
of Pi^oduotlon Will M*tn $j
Widespread Calamity?Wamtamaktr
8ayt Cotton Has Boon Curse to tho ' j
South?Growers Must Bo Better
Paid. - . / j 3
Declaration by John A. Todd, pro- Q
feasor of economics, and Oxford lecturer,
that further restriction of cotton
acreage in the United States j
would be "nothing short of a calamity,"
and a.demand that cotton conBurners
pay "enough to make cotton ga
profitable as other cropa" by jr. '
Skottowo Wannamaker, of St.
Matthews, 8. C., president of tho Amort- \
can Cotton association, featured the
second general session in Now Orleans
last Monday of delegated to the world
cotton conference.
Mr. Todd's declaration was made
In the course of an address in which
he presented figures showing future
needs of the world for cotton, past
crop and the present prospects.
"The world's requirements," said 1
Mr. Todd, "are practically unlimited.
Europe and Asia are bare of cotton "jj
roods. The position today . is/ the
same as before the war, only worse.
The world wants move cotton than
It Is getting and rapat haye It The , . m
more financially embarrassed the people
of the world pre, the more cotton
creased acreage is Improbable. The
boll weevil and scarcity of labor are ' y.
lerious handicaps. The only solution
here la an Increased yield per
icre. The average cotton yieia in
the south to say the least Is discredit ?
table. More cotton la wasted anlually
in America than It has been ?
they will use. In America, an Inpossible
to raise in Africa outside of
Egypt.
Further Restriction a Cslsmity.
v further restriction of cotton acreige
in America would be nothing _ .
short of a calamity. There now lehggHH
md al ways will be a demand for all
the cotton that can be raided any- afSffl
srhere., There Is qo need to restrict
the supply hut father it. should be 1
increased.
"Of course the first necessity Is to
usure the plantar a, reagpnsifr yemunerative
prio*. ?eim|NMptih|W9H|
Increase lit / the cost of eotibtl today,
t is still one of the cherfpdfet -products,
it has not increased in ptoporttOn to
jther commodities."
Mr. Wannamaker pre faded .his ad- >! jJ
Iress with the declaration that cotton
has been a curse to the southern
states. "If it had not been for the"
raising of cotton In the south t this-, )A
lection would have been thickly settled,
with whites and there' would not
ixi the great percentage of illiterates < '
In the rural communities. Cotton
brought slavery, resulting In the war
between the states followed by the ^
errlble days of reconstruction," bank- '
roptcy and poverty. Cotton has enriched
every land where It has been
jsed commercially, it has blessed man- i
Kind everywhere the sun shines but 1
n the south' it has been a curse. CotIon
is why there are wbltW women |
md little children working In the
fields. ,
"There won't be an increased acre- ;
ige of cotton until a price tk paid for ' ]
the product which will justify its bene
raised by well paid man labor.
It must be a price which will bring ' :&B I
>ur southern negroes back to the cot- '* %
ton fields. The price must enable ^
>l>- '???' farmer to make more 1
than a bare living The men returnins:
from the war, white And black, . ''
do not have any intention of going to v;
the cotton field again; they know bet- 'J
ter- ' ; ? '
> Must Increase Yield.
"But if this conference adjourns 5
without taking stepe to increaso the
yield per acre it is dodging the issue.
There will not be any Increased acreage
but there must be ah increased
yield and the price must take care of
the gambler's chance that the, grower
has to take."
A situation which threatened to result
in an embarraslng climax developed
shortly after Mr. Wannamaker
concluded his address. John A. Simpson,
Weatherford, Okla., president of
the Oklahoma Farmers' union, offered
a motion to the effect that the state- ,.4
ments of Mr. Wannataaker be given "I,
to the pre~s as the sentiments of the ,
growers' division. \V. B. Thompson. .
who presided at the session, stated .
that under the rules governing proce- " (
dure at the meeting it would not be '
possible to take a vote on the motion
as aH classes were Represented at the
session. Mr. Simpson said the motion
was the unanimous view of the grow- * .<
ers and he wanted action taken on itl 01
The chairman again refused under the 'i:i
?v._ V i .?> '/
rules lu present mc iuvuuu. r
Mr. Simpson then addressed the 1
conference saying:
"I appeal to the entire conference
for permission to present the motion
of the growers to whom you all look
for a living. Turn it down if you want
to." , j
A motion for resumption of the
? - w. <_. ...?
regular uiucr ui uuomcoo ^uv au cuu
to the arguments after Mr. Thompson
had expressed his regret that lines
had apparently been drawn on the
first day of the conference.
. i #/. f?'?
. r- . ,? -ir. . \ ' fl 0'
itr Russia's anmfal production of salt
exceeds 2,100,000 tons,
#r' "I - % '
\ , * i Yi,
Y YeI
A ?V-' - t . ? . ^ AAS&J