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_ I3SPED ggMI-WEKHLY. u M. grists SONS, pubiBbers. j % ^antilg fearsjiajini: cfor th< promotion of th< golitical, Social, ^gritulturat and Commercial Jntercsls of fh< geog!?. | TERM9^#0*p^E*RviNc^ANCE ESTABLISHED 1855 YORK, STCTF~RIDA.Y, AUGUST 8, 1919. NO. 63 OWNERSHIP OF RAILROADS cp , V LaborJDeraands Elimination Of PrI- su pw* Capital. " WALL STREET CONTROL HOST END " 8 p Railroad Brotherhoods and American l- Federation of Labor Make Formal ^ Announcement of Radical Policy That Creates Much Concern Among All Classes of Thinkers. * Washington, Aug:. 4.?Organized ^ N labor came out today with the unep~~~ quivocal formal demand that private & capital be retired from 1 le railroads. A tri-partite control c mposed of the n ^ public, the operating m: nagement and the employes is demanded instead. h Addressed to the American public ^ and signed by the engineers, the Are- t] men, the conductors and the American Federation of Labor, a formal state- t] ment was issued announcing this pro- d nosal. which will be carried before f congress Wednesday. a ""It marks," says the statement, "the t fl^. step by which organized labor passes p * from demands for wage Increases to demands that the system of profits In a y ' industry be overhauled." ^ This sentence sums up In a few c words the proposal of which there a have been hints and Indications, but t] ^ which is now laid before the country a for the irst time. Everywhere in of- j, * flcial Washington it is recognized as " the most serious and far-reaching proposition the country will be called on to face. Characterizing the proposal as f( "labor," it is put forth as a remedy for & the high cost of living because, the g| railroads are the key industry of the ri nation. It demands the "genuine cooperation and partnership based on a jc real community interest and partici- a pation in control," of which President ^ Wilson spoke to congress, and which Jr the statement says has been ignored by labor and the private owners of the lr railroads. p "We ask,"-it says, "that the rail| roads of the United States be vested ^ in the public; that those actually en- Q gaged In conducting that industry, not ^ .v.- ei rrora wan street, out troiu iue ionroad offices and yards and out on the e, railroad lines, shall take charge of this service for the public." *- Demands in Brief. Briefly, labor's plan demands: h That private capital be eliminated ^ from the railroads. That the private owners receive from them government bonds "with a fixed interest return for every honest dollar that they have invested." ^ That the trl-partite control heretofore referred to be established, In corporations which shall lease the roads and in which the public, the operating managements and labor shall be represented equally. d That the public, the operators and the wage earners share equally all d revenue* in excess of the guarantee to ,.( private capital, by granting to the b operators and the employes one-half the savings which are expected to be modo hv onnh a nprfArtod nrpnnlzfl "" ?? - *" ? o tion, and the public the other half as t] consumers, either by increasing serv- c ice without adding costs or by re- ^ duclng costs. c "This role originates with labor," C( says the statement, "because labor n h P p happens to have firm organization through which it may become articu- t) ^ late." 0 The trainmen are not represented n in the statement because W. G. Lee, g president of the brotherhood, was out p of the city, but it was said they would Ljoin in it. c Text of Statement. c The statement follows: d "The innuendoes in telegraphed dis- n patches from Washington, appearing 0 also in the speech of Representative Blanton, of Texas, that the railroad unions are 'holding up congress and ? the government* may as well cease. ^ This appeal is made to the American q people direct. It Invokes the Judgment and common sense of public E sentiment, of all the public which q ? earns a wage or a stipend. We recog- v nize that the only way in which we n can exist under the present system is I a to aemana rurtner increases in wages. ^ But we agree with Representative p ^ Blanton that this affords but tem: porary relief. It does not offer a rem- p edy. i "Labor's bill, on the other hand, n provides a remedy and we ask merely j, that its terms be scrutinized. Our a full argument in support of these t terms will be presented on Wednes- s day before the house committee on v interstate commerce. In this statement we are sounding the note of t. our basic principle. s Originates With Labor. g "That this role originates with labor a is merely because labor happens to a have firm organization through which t it may become articulate. It is not h to benefit labor as labor alone; it is tl to benefit the consuming public, of n which labor at present is the audible ^ nart In labor's hill nrovirlinp1 that *" " ? *" ? I the public take over the railroads and r establish a tri-partite control between the public, the railway operating t management and the employes, the labor organizations of America have ^ established this new policy which en- t visages their condition, not only as f producers, but also as consumers. 0 "It marks the step by which organ- ^ ized labor passes from demands for n wage increases to demands that the y system of profits in industry be over- g hauled. Hitherto, during successive a wage negotiations and arbitration awards, we have called for provisional c ^ settlement only of questions arising j. out of differences as to wages, hours e and conditions of labor. That prin- a ciple of 'genuine co-operation and r partnership based upon a real com- s _ munity of Interest and participation c in control,' of which President Wil- i son has spoken to congress, has been j ignored both by labor and by the pri- s vate owners of the railroads. Wake Increases Nullified. t "What wage increases have been j received during the past few years t resulted only in immediately being s > followed by more than proportionate t increases in the cost of living. Each s rise hi wages has turned out to mean only temporary relief for the affected workers. When the increases have t gone around the circle, labor, as pro- 1 ducer, loses the advantage of the new a wages through the additional cost it 1 ays as consumer. Moreover, through ompounded profits taken on these rage increases each cycle becomes an pward spiral of costs, which the conuming public vainly reaches to conrol. "As the major part of the consulting public, labor is entitled to repreentation on the directorate of the ailroads. As a producer of capital, t is entitled to representation on the irectorate of the railroads. "To capital, which is the fruit of esterday's labor, we now propose to Jseharge every just obligation. We emand that the owners of capital, rho represent only financial interests s distinguished from operating brains nd Clergy, be retired from managelent, receiving government bonds rith a fixed interest return for every onest dollar that they have invested a the railway industry. We ask that he railroads of the United States be ested in the public; tflat those acually engaged in conducting that lnustry, not from Wall Street, but rom the railroad offices and yards nd out on the railroad lines, shall ake charge of this service for the ublic. "These represent all the brains, skill nd energy that is in the business, 'hey are entitled to that measure of ontrol which is equal to their ability nd their responsibility for operating he transportation of properties. Then nd only then will the service primarlf be for the public not primarily for roflts to speculators and inflators of apital. As a means for accomplishlg this end, -we ask that a lease be ranted to a corporation created not >r profit but for public service We sk that this corporation be controlli in its management by an equal epresentation of the three fundatental interests upon which industry i based. The public, operating mangers and wage earners will then uarantee both the integrity of the lvestment required for the conduct f the industry and that return which lduces it by investing, to enter the ublic service. Share Earnings Equally. "The public as consumers and the per a ting managers and wage earnrs as producers having joined in that uarantee will then share equally all irnings in excess of the amounts reuired to meet the guarantee. "This is provided by granting to the age earners and management onealf of the savings which they through heir perfected organizations can lake, and by securing to the public le other half to be enjoyed by the onsumers, either by increasing the leans of service without increasing xed charges or by reducing the cost f the service which the machinery len in existence can render. 'Thus the cost of transportation is utomatically reduced exactly in proortlon as benefits accrue to the proucers or transportation. . "Increase in earning power of proucers under this system cannot be ^fleeted in increased costs; it must be alanced by decreased costs. Railways "Key Industry." "The railroads are the key industry f the nation. They affect at once ne price of every necessity. As inreased transportation costs are reected in the increased price of all ommodities, so a reduction in those osts must be reflected by reduced rices. "We say this because of labor's invest as consumer, as part of an verburdened public. This fundalental statement of principle we repectfully submit to the American eople." Chairman Cummins, of the senate ommerce committee, today called a ommittee meeting for tomorrow to iscuss railroad problems and deterline whether hearings shall be repened. Most Paving in the Piedmont.? Mnro nnveH streets will be found in he Piedmont section of the two larolinas than in any other section of he south, in my opinion," declared truce Redmond, of the Gulf Paving 'ompany, of Chattanooga, Tenn., who ras in Charlotte yesterday. Mr. Redlond is in charge of the paving work t York, S. C., where the city authorlles are spending $150,000 on street aving, all of asphalt. "This section is the most closely aved of any section in the south," Ir. Redmond continued. "By that, I lean that surrounding Charlotte, for istance there are more small towns nd cities with well paved streets han any other section of the south, o far as I can determine, and I have isited all of them. "One thing this will do," the Chatanoogan continued, "it will make a eries of highways more easily contnintpS than nnnlrl hp ennstrnetpd in ny other portion of the south. When , commission, or an engineer, starts o lay out a highway, and finds that e goes through two or three good owns and small cities, with several ailes of splendid paving straight on lis proposed highway route, he finds hat the cost of building a certain lumber of miles of road is considerbly reduced by reason of these miles hat require no paving. "While I am a Tennessean, I do not lesitate to say that the Piedmont secion of the two Carolinas is the most >rogressive section, from a viewpoint if municipal improvements, to be ound In the south. Towns of 3.000 ind 4,000 people do not hesitate to >uild pavea sireeis ai a cosi 01 irom 150,000 to $250,000, and do it as i matter of every-day routine. "Take York, for instance. York is, omparatively speaking, a small town, >ut in reality it is a small city, for everything there is done on city plans ind specifications. York is spending ight now $150,000 for additional treets, all paved with asphalt on a oncrete base. These streets will put fork in a class with any town its size n the country, when it comes to itreets. "I have been greatly impressed with he amount of paving I have found n all the towns of the Piedmont secion," Mr. Redmond said in conclulion, "and I reiterate that it is the >est paved section of the entire louth."?Charlotte Observer, Tuesday. Winifred Walker, aged 19 a negro, vas arrested at Jefferson City. Tenn., ast week charged with an assault on i ten-year-old white girl. He narrowy escaped being lynched. TWO DAYS IN JAIL York Soldier Was Once Under Arrest While Overseas. WAS ALL ON ACCOUNT OF A GIRL French Woman Made It Unpleasant For A Soldier Convoy?Soldier Squared Matter By Confessing At The Proper Time. By Lewis M. Grist. As you have heard the other fellows who have returned from overseas say quite often, experiences over there were many and varied. Among others I had * 1 n rrootorl QnH ine experience ui ucmg tti.vo?v>. ?? held In the jug for a couple of days. Thank goodness, I didn't fall into the hands of a "Hardboiled. Smith," or one of those other birds of similar feather, who are now being shown up in their true character by the congressional Investigation of overseas prisoners of the Ameriecan forces, now being held in Washington. My arrest was made along with that of a good many others of my outfit, and since it was of short duration and we were not even tried, being exhonorated at the first opportunity, I don't mind telling the story. The French, as I think I have stated before, were more than delighted at the coming of the Americans and for a few weeks after the Americans began to arrive in "Frogland," nothing was too good for the-Frenchies to do for us. The key of every French town and village was the property of the American doughboy for the asking and the latch string of every door was on the outside. The French would go out of their way to extend courtesies to the Americans, anything they might do was perfectly all right?in short they owned the country. If a few American soldiers on pleasure bent raised a rough house around some French village, nothing was said about it. Didn't Last Long. Naturally that kind of thing didn't last long and along about the time I got over last September the welcome was worn to a frazzle so far as French civilians were concerned and to tell the truth the Americans and the balance of the Allies were just about as popular among French civilians as the Germans were. Street brawls were common, French xpen and French women would make complaint to American headquarters of the slightest misconduct on the part of American soldier and taken all in all, it was a most unhappy state of affairs. My little scrap occurred while I was a member of a convoy of big trucks, carrying supplies and war munitions to a station several hundred miles distant. I don't recall just now how many fellows were in that convoy but there must have been eighteen or twenty. Several days' * time was required to make the trip, and we mapped out a schedule whereby we might spend each night at some town or village where no military police were quartered. Oh, we were an orderly bunch all right, as soldiers go; but every soldier know? it is much more pleasant to spend a iiigui in a, luwii wucrc meie aic iiu "military bulls," rather than in a place where the soldier cops are thick as hops. Weir, the first couple of days we got along famously. But as the convoy was proceeding along the road about the third day, one of the truck drivers stopped his machine at the home of a Frenchman by the roadside for some trivial thing?possibly to buy some wine or to get a drink of water. Numerous other convoys, it was learned had recently passed that way and the Frenchies had evidently had trouble with them. The Cause of It All. The wife of the Frenchman who lived In this house came out to the front yard fence when the soldier driver hailed. She was a sharp nosed, squint eyed, hawk-faced, shrill voiced, quarrelsome, regular-old-nick kind of dame. They have those kind In France iust as thev do in America. The soldier leaning on the outside of the fence stated his mission, and the dame replied to the effect that he could get no wine or whatever it was he wanted. Then she went into a tirade against American soldiers in general, declaring among other things that they were a bunch of rough-necks and hoodlums and that she was tired of them stopping at her house and so on. Well, it made the soldier who was tired and hot and dusty, pretty mad, and he, being able to speak broken French, replied with some heat. Then the old dame got mad sure enough and shaking her bony fist in his face she showered upon him a string of "cuss words" in both English and French so citriolic and profane that the utterances would have made the proficiency of a deep sea sailor of twenty years' experience in profanity sound like a third rate patent medicine peddler entertaining a salesday crowd in a backwoods town in the days when folks believed they could buy a razor that would shave, a gold dollar, two pecks of pills, a lookingtrlnss. a bottle of coloirno for one's best I girl and a bottle of Mrs. Sponker's Spasm Sputum for babies all for a quarter of a dollar. Paid Back In Same Coin. The soldier I am sorry to say, "cussed" her back and then she slapped him and he tapped her a little tap on the side of her head which made it ring with the refrain of the Star Spangled Banner, the Marseillaise, and God Save the King all combined. In getting over on the old woman's side of the fence, he pulled a paling off and that was what caused the trouble. Following the rucas, he got back into his machine and drove on. Now all this was unknown to the rest of us at the time, only the one machine having stopped at the woman's house while the balance of us had gone on our way. Upon catching up with us the lad said nothing about the rucas, since such scraps were common occurrences. But the dame was destined to cause us a barrel of trouble. When we got Into the next large town where there was a military police headquarters of considerable proportions, the entire convoy was put under arrest. Nobody knew what for and the military police who arrested us, either could not or would not tell us a thing. Each of us looked at the other somewhat askance as if to say, "You are responsible for this. What the dickens did you do and why did you do it?" We were taken to military police headquarters and locked up. For two days we were kept behind the bars, our trucks standing idle and the consignees of the goods going hungry for aught we knew because of lack of supplies. Rumors flew thick and fast among us after a time. It was said that a French girl had been assaulted some where down the road and that the authorities had positive information that some member of our convoy was guilty. It was said that a store had been robbed of goods valued at some thousands of francs and that it was a lead pipe cinch some member of our party had committed the crime. We were being held pending the arrival of him who had oeen aespouea. The thing grew tiresome after a few hours. We had nothing to read, very little to smoke?not even a deck of cards with which to play Black Jack. Try as we might, we could get no information about our case. We would know in due time, the M. P.'s said. Two days passed and on the third we were taken beforfc the authorities. A French woman living some fifty miles or so back had wired the M. P. forces that a member of an American convoy going up the line had pulled a paling off of her fence and done other damage. She could identify the man and wanted him arrested. The next convoy arriving in the M. P. headquarters town, she said, would include the guilty man. < We were the next convoy and were promptly arrested and jugged, as I have said. The'French woman was notified that we were under arrest and directed to come on to town, give us the onceover and identify the guilty man who would be dealt with by court martial. Two days we had waited her coming and on the third she wired the authorities that she had withdrawn her complaint since she did not believe the matter would justify the expense involved. We were told to go on our way and we proceeded, about as mad a bunch of soldiers as you could imagine. No one was able to ascertain then whether any member of our party was really guilty of the offense or not. After we got to our destination it got out. The fellow who had the trouble with the woman, choosing a time when our anger cooled, said: "Well lads, I am sorry I was the man who caused all of us that little two day Jug vacation. I had a spat with an old dame down the road a piece and I now recall that I did pull a paling off of her fence. Sorry it happened," and then he told us the story as I have told it here. We took it in good humor. It was a good thing for him though, that he did not say anything about it along about the afternoon of tlj? second day we were In the jug. UNIVERSAL TRAINING. Baker Presents War Department Programme to Congress. War department recommendation for a system of universal military training of three months for all eligible youths in their nineteenth year has been presented by Secretary Baker to the senate and house military committee for their guidance in determining the permanent military policy of the nation. The proposal is contained in a bill prepared by the general staff of the army at the secretary's direction. In transmitting the bill, Secretary Baker in a letter said that General Pershing had not been consulted and the plan was tentative to that extent. The department's bill calls for a regular army of 21 divisions and necessary auxiliary services, with a peace strength of 510,000 enlisted men, and a war strength of 1,250,000, The reserves to fill up the divisions to full strength would be provided through a modified form of the selective service act under which the national army was raised for the war with Germany. For training purposes, only youths in their nineteenth year would be called to the colors for a three-month period to be attached to regular divisions for that time. It is estimated that this would provide an annual class of 600,000 men to be given intensive military instruction, stripped of all vocational or other educational features. For two years after training the youths would be required to submit certain reports giving their addresses, changes in status as to dependents, physical conditions, etc. They would receive $1 for each report called for and submitted, thus encouraging the making of reports. In the event of war all men in this status would be called to the colors to fill up the regular divisions and compose the first replacement units. The bill provides for reorganization of the regular army in substantially the same terms as previously recommended by Secretary Baker when the current army appropriation bill was under consideration. No mention of the national guard is made in the bill, but in his letter tO thf* PnmmittPP f'hfilrmnn SJonrntorv V..M.....OVW, WVVIVVHIJ Baker said he assumed that the national defense act would be contained in force, making the guard subject to federalization for war. One feautre of the universal training plan of the department Is complete federalization of the registration and induction machinery. Local and appeal broads would be created as during the war, except that compensation of $10 a day is provided for board officials, but no mention is made of employing state officials or agencies in carrping out the project. Youths in training would receive no pay, but would receive payment for all expenses and allowances of $5 a month for incidentals. No exemptions would be granted except to soldiers, sailors, members of the merchant marine, public or private, or to those mentally or physically deficient. To meet the case of those with dependents, however provision is made for deferring the training period. The theory on which the bill rests is that an army of 1,250,000 should be available for rapid mobilization at need. It provides that the complete organization Qf a field army of that size shall be maintained, the only difference between peace and wartime footing being in the enlisted strength. The 20 infantry and one cavalry divisions would comprise that field army. To support the plan, general staff officers have prepared full detailed studies of cost, systems of mobilizations. administration and all other features which the department is prepared to submit whenever the congressional committees call for them. GARNERED WITH SCISSORS i News From Within and Without the County. CONDENSED FOR QUICK READING r Some Items of Fact, Some of Comment ii and All Helping to Give an Idea of j What Our Neighbors Are Saying and n Doing. t Rock Hill Record, Aug. 4: Mrs. M. r 'A. Nunn and Mrs. W. L. Smith went a to Fort Lawn last week as delegates to the missionary conference from the j, Methodist church. They reported a s splendid meeting C. Kent Schwrar, 8 formerly an ensign in the aviation 0 branch of the U. S. navy, serving some | f time in France during the war, has j. been appointed to a position in the g service of the U. S. Shipping Board, and is now enroute to Cuba on his first jj assignment to duty. He Is what is v known as "supercargo," a most desira- j, ble position, carrying a handsome sal-' ^ a^y Displayed la the show window 5 olf the Diehl-Moore Shoe Co., on Sat- f, urday was a shoe from Germany, sent j, In by Major Lindsay McFadden, the p postage * n it being 60 cents. The shoe is a splendid illuai ration of the t extremities to which ihe Hun was t] reduced by the war. The lower part b of the shoe is fashioned out of a solid f| piece of wood, on the sole of which n are nailed eight pieces of leather, ap- n parently scraps, about half an inch. ^ The upper is made of canvas, and the ^ shoe looks to be about a No. 15. The thing is a real curiosity The t; Jones Iron Works of Rock Hill was j( commissioned with a proposed capital ^ stock of $20,000. The company proposes to buy, sell and manufacture all ^ kinds of machinery, equipment, auto- b mobile accessories and make repairs. c Petitioners are E. G. Jones and A. F. ^ Ruff ;....The cottage on Oakland avenue, now occupied by Mrs. Hugh b White, has been sold to Mrs. A. M. ^ Blanton, the consideration being $5,- i 000. The new owner will take possession September 1. b Gastonia Gazette, Aug. 4.?Mrs. W. c S. Hanna, of the clerical force of e Stowe's, left Sunday for Rock Hill to A spend a vacation of a week with 11 friends and relatives -...John Spigle, b white, a young discharged soldier, Is a In the City Hospital suffering from injuries received late Saturday night by 41 being struck by a Southern freight 4 engine in the city near the Loray ^ Mill. H# was brought to the local hospital by members of the train crew 8 immediately after the accident where c his injuries were dressed by Dr. J. M. b Sloan. The ex-soldier's right lung 8 \va% punctured by a broken rib and his ^ face was slightly cut Mr. A. Meek h Barnett, who recently purchased a ( third interest In Kennedy's drug store, c assumed .his duties there this morn- f ing. For several months * Mr. "Barn ell ^ has been pharmacist at Torrence's ^ drug store 'Yesterday was a red- ? letter day in the history of Concord f< Methodist - church, located on the w Bessemer-Cherryville road about five h miles north of Bessemer City, the occasion being the dedication of this n handsome church edifice, which was p completed in the year 1916. Rev. Dr. tl Gilbert T. Rowe, pastor of Sentenary fl church, Winston-Salem, preached the 1< dedicatory sermon Sunday morning. It * - - ? ?? ?? V?*v (. m ,1 r>ro T r ouowing M|tJ xeriiiuu uu auu me *> ? siding elder, Rev. John F. Kirk, for- ii mally dedicted the edifice to the wor- c ship of God Arthur Taunt, a 12year-old wtyte boy of King's Moun- fl tain was brought to the City Hospital o here this morning suffering with a tl bullet wound believed to have been in- n fllcted by a .22 caliber rifle. The bill- k let entered the young fellow's body fl from the back. Physicians-were prob- s ing for the bullet at noon. His condi- s tion is not considered critical. From ii best information obtained it is thought n that the boy was accidentally shot. o b Chester Reporter, Aug. 4:?The a Baldwin Inns? the two new hotels at t| the Baldwin Mills?one for men and one for women?were opened today, a with Miss Harris, of Rock Hill, in charge, and Mrs. Wills, of Spartanburg, assistant. These two structures are the'last word In hostelries?hand- p some, modern in design, and most g superbly equipped; and Secretary and %q General Manager Lucas and President Long are to be warmly congratulated, ^ not only for manifesting such a sincere ^ regard for the comfort and entertain- t) ment of their employees, but for erecting buildings that are so refreshing n and delightful to the eye, and such a striking and component feature of n pla.i for a city beautiful at the Bald- ^ win Mills We received a note from Mr. J. N. McCallum, of Wylie, Tex., a few days ago announcing the death of Mr. Jake M. Carter on July 22nd. Mr. Carter was an older brother of Mr. Lee Carter, of Chester, R. F. ? D. 2, and leaves many friends and relatives in this county to mourn his death. He was married to Miss Pauline Rrlsindine, September 22, 1895, and his widow and three children survive him. Mr. Carter was a member of the Baptist church, and was laid ^ to rest at Long Creek church, Dallas county, on July 23rd The apportionment of the Chester Baptist Association, consisting of the Baptist churches In Chester county, for the Baptist $75,000,000 campaign is $107,- r( 350. The executive committee of the ? association will meet soon to apportion s< this amount among the churches. Rev. R. I. Corbett is organizer, and Rev. L. M. White publicity director The ^ executive committee that was appoint- G ed at the courthouse Thursday after- ? noon, when Mr. B. F. McLeod, manager of the South Carolina Cotton Associa- ^ tion, and Mr. Protzman, state organi- p zer, were present and talked in regard sl to the aims and purposes of the Amerl- n can Cotton Association, of which the South Carolina Cotton Association is a a branch, will meet this afternoon at B four o'clock. Each member of the executive committee was instructed to appoint a committee of three from his township, who are to make :? list <n P duplicate of prospective members. a The executive committee Is composed fl as follows: C. C. McAliley, Chester; ^ E. S. Carter, Baton Rouge; S. B. 1 Clowney, Blackstock; N. H. Stone, ? Halsellville; H. W. Miller, Hazelwood; J. R. Reid, Lewisville; A. G. Westbrook, Landsford; E. W. Gibson, a Rossvllle; R. B. Caldwell, J. R. Dye, s< 1 AT. A. Corklll, T. H. White, ?. M. lones, J. M. Lathan, Chester; and W. 3. Gladden, Richburg. ? Tl THE STARS AND STRIPES Historical Facts About the Werld's Greatest Flag. In the course of a plea for a new flag tl or the British empire?the Union Jack s but a combination of the flags of ^ England, Ireland and Scotland?Adniral Sir Charles Dundas, according o London dispatches, said "the ideal lational flags are the French Tricolor .nd the Stars and Stripes." This tribute by an Englishman to the cv American flag is the occasion for is- ac uance by the National Geographic co ociety of the following bulletin, based b? n a communication to the society n rom Commander Byron McCandless, fe J. S. N., concerning the origin of the co Itars and Stripes: fe, "In the embryonic days of the repub- ce c, when the Thirteen Original States co rcre still feeble British colonies border- ar ig the western shores of the Atlantic, be here were almost as many varieties of ln anncrs borne by the Revolutionary arces as there are today races fused lb ito one liberty-loving American peo- afl 'e* th "Disinclined to sever all ties with tej Ingland, yet bitterly resentful of the w] reatment accorded them and unyield- W( ig in their determination to resent urther oppression, when it became pr ecessary to adopt an ensign for their WJ ewly created navy, in the autum of (,x 775, the revolting colonies chose a sp ag that reflected their feeling of pa nity with the Mother country, but at he same time expressed their firm pr aint purpose to demand and obtain astice and liberty. er "One of the colonial ships, the Lady ha fncViintrtnn waa mnturod on Decern- co er 7 by H. M. S. Fowey, and her J,1? olors, still in the Admiralty office cd l London, are described as bearing a an ale-green pine tree on a field of white unting, with the motto, 'An Appeal to leaven.' This flag was flown by all ou he ships under Washington's comland at this time, the design having ^ een suggested by the commaader-in- 1>r hief's military secretary, Colonel Josph Reed, who wrote, on October 20, ar 775, that he wished to 'fix upon some articular color for a flag and a signal m y which our vessels may know one Ri nother.' "r "Prior to the receipt of the news of v.i8 he capture of the British brig. Nancy, November 29) by one of General cx Washington's ships under command of ^ ohn Manley, the Continental con- ie ress had appointed Esek Hopkins Fi ommander-ln-chief of the navy built y congress as distinguished from the c0 oldier-manned fleet under General jei Washington. Immediately following wl is appointment Commodore Hopkins tlli the first and only commander-in- th hief the navy ever had) set sail from gi thode Island in that colony's arn\ed tssei Khty^aTW arrived in thd" Dela~ are River on December 3, 1775. The th ame day the commodore assumed the ca ormal command of the little squadron q r rhich the congress had placed under Uf im. ed "The manner in which that com- ws wi land was assumed is of signal lm- ha ortance, in that the ceremony marked hi; he hoisting of the first truly American be ag. And the distinction of having re;ased the banner to the breeze be- w] ings to that daring spirit, John Paul Ce ones, one of the chief among heroes i the hearts of American naval offi- cua ers and seamen. th "This was the flag which afterward kn gured so extensively hi the literature f the day as the congress colors, from yo fie fact that it first floated over the re avy controlled by congress. Also th nown as the Grand Union flag and the rst Navy Ensign, it was the colonial m] tandard from that day until it was uperseded by the Stars and Stripes, c'f i 1777. It consisted of thirteen coloies, with a union bearing the crosses ur f St. George and St. Andrew com- co ined (the national flag of Great Britin) and signifying the Mother Coun- m< ry. be "The Gadsden flag (of yellow silk nd bearing a coiled rattlesnake with ^ he motto "Don't Tread on Me'), used Mti n the Alfred as the flag of the com- en lodore commanding the fleet, was resented February 8, 1776, to the outh Carolina provincial Congress by th !ol. Christopher Gadsden, a delegate >'e rom South Carolina to the Continental ^ ody and one of the committee of ci hree appointed on October 15, 1775, toi 3 report on the fitting out of two armd vessels. When that report was lade, two weeks later, Colonel Gads- re en was one of a committee of seven cli ppointed to fit out four armed ves els. io "The jack displayed on the Alfred rei n this occasion was a small, nearly ^ ^ juare flag of thirteen alternate red a)( nd white stripes, bearing a crawling he ? ? hi< attlesnaae wun ine legenu ?svn %. ? read on Me' beneath it., j1.? "Although displayed on the Con- > nental Army's first birthday, neither pa le Grand Union Flag nor the Stars nd Stripes, adopted by congress a ?u' ear and a half later, was carried in nt ic field by the land forces during the In evolutionary war. The army carried ^ nly the colors of the states to which v/( le troops belonged and not the nat- wi >nal flag. |vf "It was nearly one year after the WJ' jpresentatives of the United States <je (' America, in general congress as- tio ?mbled, had pledged their lives, their to wc jrtunes, and their sacred honor for le support of the Declaration of in- sei ependence that the crosses of St. al eorge and St. Andrew, emblematic J| f the Mother Country, which had >rmed the union of the Continental ou Tnion flag, were discarded and re- wc laced by a union composed of white tars in a blue field, representing a pr ew constellation. sei "The date of the birth of the Stars Y" lej nd Stripes was June 14, 1777, and tj1( s creation was proclaimed in a reso- hi! ition of the continental congress. "Thus it would seem that not only rpj le first flag of the continental con- sp( ress displayed for the first time from ev naval vessel, the Alfred, but that UP rom the navy (in the person of the ?A 11 larine committee of the congress of toi 777) the nation also received the tars and Stripes." Ja Ecuador has a population estimated ret t 1,500,000 and an area of 120,000 be ii un juare miles. pa RALLY AT ST. PAUL 5 8 t $ hrlvlng Congregation And Commu- I nlty Hear Good Speakers. \ s OUCATION THE GENERAL KEYNOTE " r. John G. Clinkscales, Rev. J. R. T. Major And Rev. C. C. Herbert De- ^ livered Addresses?Parents Urged To Provide Liberal Education For Children. 0 Membership of St. Paul Methodist g lurch and many of their friends and a iqualntances from the surrounding p untry attended the educational rally t] ild at St. Paul Tuesday in con- n iction with the third quarterly con- w rence of the circuit The exercises n ntinued throughout the entire day, a c mure 01 me uay ueng me most ex- n Uent singing led by a large choir s] mposed of members of the church u id their friends. Tuesday was a i. autlful day, and most of the farmers s the vicinity of St Paul having laid ' their crops and well satisfied with T e outlook, felt that they could well o ford to come to St. Paul and enjoy hi e day, hence the large crowd in at- w ndance, an event somewhat unusual pi len such occasions are held in mid- ti iek. ni Rev. J. R. T. Major, of Rock Hill, ai esiding elder of Rock Hill district u present and presided over the w erclses of the day. The principal a: eakers were Rev. C. C. Herbert t< stor of the Methodist church of tl jester and Dr. John G. Clinkscales, al ofessor of Mathematics in Wofiford la illege in Spartanburg. Both speak- b s are well known in York county, w .ving addressed audiences in this d unty before and as usual they were ard with much interest by the large ngregation. Dr. Clinkscales deliver- a his address Tuesday morning C id Rev. Herbert Tuesday afterion. Shortly after 1 o'clock a recess 0: about an hour was taken for dinner, inches from the church were carried a it into the yard and there under the ir >read of shady trees a Characteristic j . Paul community picnic dinner was 3i rved the several hundred people ;a esent. ti There was plenty of fried chicken n id pie and cake, luscious grapes w id canteloupes and watermelons, ham id beef and other things that go to ; ake up a good picnic dinner. St. g ml ladies had brought more than g tough because many baskets full re- n ained after all of the large crowd id eaten until it would eat no more. 0 Kdncation was the kevnote nf the >. :erclses of the day, the addresses of e several speakers of the day being t that subject. Using as a sort of Cl xt "The Truth Shall Make You a -ee," Dr. Clinkscales delivered a asterly address, full of characteristic p imor and pathos and a practical 0 mmon sense discussion of the sub- n ct of education which was listened to p 1th the greatest interest by his large ;( idience. p He took occasion to impress upon n e parents their God-given duty of *C( vdng their children, both boys and rls, an education and declared that id. expected all parents to-glve their. i? lildren th6" opportunity to improve a eir minds and hearts through an edution. Referring to his candidacy for gov- ? nor several years ago' when he ran a: >on a platform in which a compulsory tl ucation system for South Carolina is the principal plank, he said he T is proud to know that his candidacy a| id been successful even though he ^ mself had been defeated, because he lieved that his advocacy of such a T stem had helped somewhat in the ^ tablishment of the present system C{ tilch becomes effective all over South ^ irolina in the fall. a Discussing the matter of college edu- 0) tion, he said that every college gradite was not an educated man and ^ at some of the best educated men he "0] icw had never seen, the inside of a C( liege. Yet a college training is of e greatest help to a young man or ung woman in that education is dl- ir cted along the right lines, study of ti e Word of God is a part of the course id in every college worth while a " werful Christian influence is the do- ,a Inating factor. Declaring that the church paper and ol ;an and wholesome newspapers and si agazines are an . assistant pastor in n ery congregation, Dr. Clinkscales K ged every member of the St. Paul si ngregation to subscribe for a reli- ai ous paper, saying that it always af- tl rded an opportunitay for improve- b ent of the mind. Urging parents to ci ty good and wholesome books for ei eir children and themselves he said * at where a family after work was t< me had an opportunity to read and c< Liny me lunea ui me ucvu uau nu si trance. p The world Is ever going forward, he b Id. There can be no standing still, le railway train, the aeroplane and tl e automobile, all perfected in recent ars are but a few of the evidences of ogress. Communities cannot stand o ill, else they are swallowed up. b illdren of today are the parents of morrow and it is the duty of present v y parents to educate their children tl d thus equip them for their place in rj p life of tomorrow. "God, I say in all verence," said the speaker in conjsion, "cannot take a boy or girl and f< ike something out of him without n ur help. As parents it is your duty help God by educating your child- u s." Presiding Elder J. R. T. Major fol- m ved Dr. Clinkscales in an address d< in rr tVin anmo linofi Thh PTPQ t PQt I ritage that any parent can leave ^ j child, he said, is a good education * the greatest factor in the battle of e. There is no sense, he said, ii> your rents, working and ' saving and j arding their possessions In order it they might have a vast sum to rn over to their boys and their girls their death. Spend that money now the education of yoar children. u! ,ould you deprive the children of cf at education in order to pile up n :alth for them at your death, they 11 not know how to take care of that tl alth after you have given it to them, "i it if you give them an education, they 11 require no other legacy at your .. ath because through their educanal training they will be in position tt make their own fortunes in the si rid. ?c The speaker advised his hearers to * ad their children to those education- *l institutions where the Word of God fli taught and where a strong Christ- ^ 1 influence might be found, saying at no education was complete witht God and that no education was y< >rth while without God. m Rev. C. C. Herbert , pastor of the >thodist church of Chester was the Incipal speaker at the afternoon ai ssion. Mr. Herbert spoke of th? lo al necessity for wider and broader irning at this time of all times in s history of the world and convinced * hearers of their duty to their chil- y< en in the premises. p] He stressed the importance of the ligious paper for every home and nke nf its ereat influence for good in ery community. Cortstant attendance ot on church and Sunday school, he gj Id, would assist in the education of y community and was a great fac- ln - ln community upbuilding. At the afternoon session a business g( ;eting of the conference was held, te presiding elder took the chair and 01 s. A- Barrett of Clover acted as sec- bi tary. Roll call showed twenty mem- sc rs of the Conference present, a most _ usual record. Rev. H. A. Whitten, stor of St. Paul, which church is a m nember of Clover circuit made his luarterly report showing good process. Importance of Sunday school at enaance was stressed, me reporui howing that the churches of the ciruit were backed in this work, and it ias proposed to organize a SuAday w chool in every church of the circuit nd to take steps to keep them growng and Nourishing. I. W. W. AMONG NEGROES iovernment Has Information Propaganda is in the South. Evidence is accumulating in the flies f the government to show that the neToes of thih country are the object of vicious and apparently well financed ropaganda, which is directed against he white people, and which seeks, by ewspapers, pamphlets and in other 'ays to stir up discontent among the earoes. particularly the uneducated lass in the southern states. Doculents in possession of the authorities how that among the radical organlxaions active In this propaganda are the W. W., certain factions of the radical oclallst elements and Bolshevists. A Federal official exhibited to The Imes, a few days ago, a reoent copy f a negro magazine which is said to ave a large circulation in sections' 'here there are considerable negro apulations. The magazine was illusated, and is printed on the finest of ewsprint paper. It contained several rticles in which the negroes were rged to Join the I. W. W. and the left ing Socialist organizations. In one rticle, the author of which was said ) be a widely-known negro writer, le negroes were urged to "form an lllance with the I. W. W., the Socialits and the Non- Partisan League, to ulld a new society a society of equals, dthout class, race, caste, or religions Istlnctlons." , In the same publication was another rticle, captioned "The March of Soviet overnment," which in part rdad: Still It continues. The cosmic tread f Soviet government, with ceaseless Lep, claims another nation. Russia nd Germany have yielded to its huian touch, and now Hungary joins ne people's form of rule. Italy Is tandlng upon a social volcano. France i seething with social unrest The riple alliance of Great Brltlan??he illroad transportation, and mine rorkers?threatens to overthrow the conomic and political bourbonlsm of Merry Old England." The red tide of octal ism sweeps on in America, outh America Is In the throes of evolution. Soviet government proeeds apace. It bids fair to sveep ver the whole world. The sooner the ( etter. On with the dance. An exeerpt from an article that reently has been circulated widely mong the negro population follows: Negroes n^ust get Into the Socialist .-j 'arty. Socialism is the political party f the working people. Negro plutorats should belong to the Republican arty, but negro working people should )in and support the worklngmen's arty. That is the Socialist party In II countries. It draws no race, creed, Dior, or nationality lines. That the new agitation draws no upport from the foremost negro adulters is indicated by the following jference to Professor Molon of Tuskeee Institute and other leaders In an rtlcle captioned "New Leadership for le Negro": The negro needs new leadership, he old leadership has failed mlserbly. Du Bois and Kelly, Miller, [ickens, James W. Johnson, W. H. ewls, and Charles W. Anderson, W. . Vernon and Roscoe C. Simmons, W. [. Taylor and the politicians of Chilgo have simply held jobs, produced :hool boy rhetoric, lulled negroes into false sense of security. Another set r leaders like George E. Haynes, Emlet Scott, Dr. R. R. Moton, Fred W. [oore, and T. Thomas Fortune have reached a gospel of satisfaction and sntent. The following is a reference, printed i a widely circulated negro publicaon, to the conviction of Debs and othr radical leaders for violating the war iws of the United States: The recent conviction and sentence I the national Socialist officials, the jpreme court's confirmation of the jnvictions of Eugene V. Debs and .'ate Richard O'Hare, definitely tamp the United States as the most rchaic, antiquated, and reactionary of le alleged civilized nations. *The 3t and bravest, the noblest and most iurageous, are in the dark and cav rnous prison cells or tnis country. We must give more consideration > those men who will face jails and ells for a principle, and less to the mug, sleek leaders who swerve, comromise, and equivocate for soft erths, fat salaries and slothful ease. "The situation created as a result e< lis agitation," said a Federal official, Is one that deserves the consideration/ f all right thinking people, white and lack. It is an agitation which lnolves the I. W. W. Bolshevism and te worst features of other extreme idical movementa It appears to the rnorant and seeks openly to create a ?eling of resentment among certain egro elements that may lead to rejlts that all good citizens will deploj-e nless it is stopped. That the msvetent is making headway, there is no oubt. Reports from all parts of the >untry show this to be the case"? ew York Times. DRESS AND CONDUCT. \ heory That What One Wear* Affect* One'* Behavior. It is said that old cinema films ore scd to make "atiflfenings" for the toeips of boots and shoes. The stateient led a Londoner to voice his perirbation in his favorite newspaper. Suppose a piece of a Charlie Chaplin >rms a part of my boot, can I be sure lat it will not suddenly cpeak out into le Charlie Chaplin shuffle in the trend? And if I am suddenly moved > trip up a policeman, can I successUly plead in court that the cherry inuence of the little bit of film led me stray ?" This recalls t. story wri?..en some sars age by F. E. Chase in which a tan Durchascd at a second-hand shop frock coat once worn by a preacher id a pair of trousers that had benged to a dead-game sport When b wore the coat with another pair of otsers he was an example to the >ung and fit to be a chairman of lilafithroplc committees; he was even entioned as an overseer at Harvard. When he wore the trousers with anher coat, his conduct was reprehenble, shocking. He was led willy-nilly to drunkeries, into all vile resorts. rhen he donned coat and trousers toother there was a fearful struggle, lly equalled by that of the Justly cele-ated Herculee when, a youth, he was illclted by Pleasure and Virtue in the iIoa of twn onnrnnrlatplv earhed wo en.?Philip Hale In Boston Herald. - " 4T