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u m. grists sons, p?bu.ber.} % #mitg feicsgagei;: ^or thit promotion nj the jpotiticat, Social, ^grieullur^l and Commercial Interests of thij f)eogl<. J TER"?^?f^^^M0?IJ?MC'
ElTAMjiHEP 1855 YORK, S. C., FRIDAY, JULY 18, 1919. ^^NTO. 57
FACTS ABOUT FRANCE
American Soldiers Had Little Opportunity
to Form Unbiased Opinion.
GREAT LOVERS OF THEIR COUNTRY
' American Soldier* Depended Solely
On Own Country For Support?
French Best Cooks In The World?
? "? I Much
United otaies van
From French.
By Lewis M. Grist.
Many of we soldiers, and I guess I
am in the lot, are not competent to do
justice to France as a country and the
French as a people. Located as we
were mostly in isolated communities
for long periods and coming in contact
'principally with French men and
women of the lower classes and in
sections of the country where industry
was at its poorest, it is but natural
9 that our view of the land and its people
is somewhat biased. One great
characteristic stands out however, no
matter what the mental, moral and
physical condition of the people. That
is the love of the Frenchman for
France and for the country's greatest
city?Paris. To the Frenchman,
Paris is the Jerusalem, the most
- beautiful,
most wholesome city in all
the world. Paris to the Frenchmen's
mind is the super-perfect. And it
must be Indeed a wonderful city. I
was never there although stationed
within forty miles of it for a long time.
This zealous love of country on the
part of the French is ample to cover
many of their failings and shortcomings.
The thing that had a tendency
toward the repellant in the French
from what I saw was their apparent
Insatiable greed and covetousness.
The average Frenchman of the lower
class appeared to look on the American
soldiers as so many multi-millionaires;
and themselves as leeches whose
business it was to suck the financial
blood of those multi-millionaries. The
French people appeared to be ever
trying to get money -out of the American
soldiers. If they were not begging
money from them they were attempting
to sell them various articles
at fifty times their worth. And yet
there is something to be said in their
defense. Suppose the United States
had been involved in a terrible war like
the European conflict on its territory
for four years and had been hard put '
even as the French were up until the
time of the American's coming. Perhaps
we would have developed similar
characteristics. The French soldier
is paid the equivalent of five cents per
day for his services and the American
private in France was paid in excess
of $1 a day. The French therefore
had some right to look upon their
American ally as a millionaire, eh?
Their Love of Country.
But their love of country is something
wonderful and beautiful. Of
course there were a few French traitors?a
number being convicted and
executed as spies. But they were 1
very, very few. Up in Belgium it-used '
to be said that there were almost as '
many traitors as there were people '
loyal to their country. And it is a 4
fact that hundreds were executed and
imprisoned by the Allies for traitorous 1
acts. Quite different with the French.
Hardships counted nothing with them, 1
numerous disasters did not matter. (
Their spirit was ever undaunted, ever 1
courageous. The French soldier cared '
jp nothing for Germany, nothing for the 1
Allies. His whole thought and energywas
ever centered on the fact that he '
fought for France. Of course they
were appreciative of the assistance of
the Americans. But in the areas in *
?t r.taa inroicH thprp was little 1
WI11CI1 X nuo avvM>??%? -? ?
if ever any demonstration of that ap- <
preciation although the French are '
commonly conceded to be the most 1
demonstrative and affectionate people 1
in the world. The only illustration of 3
^ demonstrative appreciation I ever wit- 1
nessed was one day when an American 1
hospital convoy carrying wounded 1
French soldiers started from one sta- '
tion to another. 1
Numerous old 'French peasants i
lined the road and they cheered the I
Americans who were caring for French i
wounded. And there were many tears !
mixed with the cheers of those honest,
4 man onH i
Para worKinB uiu ricuvu > ??
women as they watched the convoy go <
by.
Depended on Nobody. i
American troops in France didn't i
depend upon their Allies for anything
unless it was for the benefit of their
exper'ence. But the other Allies did
depend upon them a great deal. Why
if we had depended upon the French
to feed us, we would have starved to
death. Hardly anything in the way i
of edibles was purchased from the
?* ' French, though occasionally some
vegetables were bought from the
French government. Canned goods ,
flour and cold storage stuff from the
good old states were the food we depended
on and there was always plenty
of it even if it was a wee bit old. Why
the French could not even furnish us
enough water to drink.
The finest cooks in the world are
to be found among the French and the
Germans. No wonder they call fried
spuds "French fried." The French
know how to fry 'em better than any
body else on the earth and I have eaten
other foods cooked by them that almost
tied with the biscuits that ]
nourl ?n main " Thpv f>nn COOk
| all right; but the trouble with them is i
that they haven't a great deal to cook, j
The>^ were never used to much, however?that
is the common herd, and
yet they are hale and hearty. Incidentally
their conditions set me to think- i
^ ing that the folks back home could get
along on a great deal less and get
along just as well if they only knew
how.
They are a most economical people.
It is said that the Japs are the most
economical fo.Ks in the world?they
and the Chine-e. There were thousands
of them o *er in France employed !
by the French government in manual
labor. I watched them closely and
compared them with the French and
while the former made a dollar do its
duty all right it appeared to me that
m the Frenchman always insisted upon
his doing double duty. Certainly it is
that the average Frenchman can live
off what the average American throws
away. I knew more than one French
man who practically lived oft what
was thrown away from our mess hall.
Little Mingling With French.
But as I said at the beginning, I don't
consider myself a fair judge of them.
We soldiers were almost always up
against the poorest class of them and
the most illiterate and vicious elements.
The better class of French
women, for instance, are hardly if
ever seen walking on the streets. They
always ride. And It is so with the
men. They had mighty little to do
with the Americans any time or anywhere.
Of course, the higher officers
and an occasional first or second loot
with a string of credentials as long as
the courthouse might get an occasional
introduction among the bon tons;
but there was nothing doing for we
buck privates.
There is hardly a more methodical
people in the world than the French.
They have system for pretty much
everything and a pretty good system
at tnat. AU Dnages ior instance, uu
matter how large or how small are
constructed of stone. Practically all
the houses are of stone. Rock ballast
is always placed between railroad ties.
The Frenchman ha3 certain times to
eat?certain times to drink, certain
times to do almost anything. A most
methodical and systematic person he.
Is. For instance before the Americans
came the French soldier in the lines
had certain times to wash his clothes.
He did no fighting at that time and
Fritz desiring to wash his own dirty
duds was content to jbserve the truce
in his own interests. The Americans
put an end to that, however.
I wouldn't want to be a Frenchman
if I were not an American and I
wouldn't want any French wife either.
Still there are many lessons for us to
be learned from them at a profit.
NEW FEDERAL JUDGE.
Sketch Of CapL H. H. Watkine Appointed
to District Federal Bench.
Capt H. H. Watkins of Anderson,
nominated Monday by President Wilson
to be Judge of Federal court for
the Western district of South Carolina,
is well known in the district and his
selection generally is considered a wise
one. He is in the 54th year of his age
and a member of the la^w firm *f Bonham.
Watkins & Allen of Anderson.
Mr. Watkins entered Furman University
at the age of 13 years and was
graduated from that institution a
few days before he was 19. He taught
school for eight years, four in the
public schools of the state and four
In Furman University, where he
Berved as principal of the preparatory'
department and secretary of the faculty.
He read law in the office of Wells &
Drr while in Greenville and then under
Murray & Murray in Anderson,
taking a summer course at the University
of Virginia and was admitted
to the bar in 1892.
Mr. Watkins formed a partnership
with MaJ. E. B. Murray of Anderson,
which existed until Major Murray's
death in 1894. He then formed a partnership
with Gen. M. L. Bonham under
the style of Bonham & Watkins,
ind this partnership has continued for
25 years, with the addition of Thomas
Allen to the firm.
Mr. Watkins was one of the organizers
and directors of the Savannah
River Power Company and also a director
and vice president of the Anderson
Water, Light & Power Company,
until these companies became
ronsolidated with larger electric
power companies.
He is now a director in the Belton
Savings and Trust Company and
Brogon Mills and is vice president of
Peoples Bank of Anderson. He has
tfways taken an active interest in ed -
- A * U??
ucauonai worn, was on Ui? moi uumu
)f trustees of the Anderson graded
jchools, was for several years a trus:ee
of Furman University, of Greenville
Woman's College and Connie
Maxwell Orphanage. At the organization
of Anderson College in 1911 he
was elected president of the board of
trustees and has served in that capacity
ever since. He is also trustee of
the Anderson County Hospital and of
the Anderson Library Association and
is a member of the board of education
of the State Baptist convention of
South Carolina.
From 190:^ to 1906 Mr- Watkins was
chairman of the Democratic executive
committee of Anderson county and
from 1906 to 1910 was state executive
committeeman of his party from Anderson
County. He served as presidential
elector n 1904 and in 1908 was
delegate at large to the national Democratic
convention.
He was a caplain of the company
* 4V!? iw fho Rnflnish
irum tins v.v'um.1 1*1 vi.v ?...?
American war and was a member of
Governor Keyword's naff and war
made quartermaster general.
In 1332 Mr. Watkins was married
to Miss Maude Wakefield, a daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Wakefield.
Nut Trees For Shade.?The Michigan
legislature recently passed a law
to encevrage the planting of nutbearing
and other food-producing shade
trees along the state trunk highways
and other roads built in that state.
The law makes it the duty of the
State Highway Commission and the
State Commission of Agriculture to
look after the setting out of such
trees and of the State Agricultural
College and the Public Dominion Commission
to distribute stock at nominal
cost to local officials and private individuals
who will set it out. Trees
are to be planted at intervals of 20 to
40 feet along the roads.
Injuring roadside trees or affixing
notices of any kind to them is made a
misdemeanor punishable by fine of $1
to $25 and imprisonment of not more
than 30 days. This law is in keeping
with the policy of encouraging tree
planting announced by the United
States Department of Agriculture, the
department of the Federal government
that administers the Federal and
road law in co-operation with the
states.
A crowd which taxed the capacity
of a local theatre heard United States
Senator James A. Reed, Democrat,
speak in Rirmingham, Ala., Monday
night against the league of nations.
Premier Venizeloe of Greece has
taken the initiative for formation of a
new Balkan league.
FRANK MOORE CONVICTED ?
. m
Party to Killing of Policeman Pen- ^
nlnger Guilty of Manslaughter. ca
* of
SENTENCED TO TEN TEARS IN PRISON "
th
Jury Recommended Defendant to the
I Mercy of the Court?Moore Will b:
Serve Sentence in Penitentiary? tli
Scores of Sharon People Heard the P'
Trial. tv
Frank Moore, 28 years of age tried b(
in general session court Tuesday for
the killing of Policeman T. R. Penninger
of Sharon on September 30, rc
1918, was convicted of manslaughter j
with recommendation to mercy Tues- t
day evening and on Wednesday morn- cr
lng was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment
by Judge Ernest Moore
who took occasion to tell the defendant je
that he was getting off very light for C{j
his part in the heinous killing of the pl
Sharon officer. ?
Trial of the case occupied all of
Tuesday. Each juror was placed on
his voir dire as he was called and
about an hour's time was required to E]
select a jury, which was as follows:
W. W. Gill, foreman; G. F. Grant, H. cY
B. McCleave, W. H. Dickson, W. A.
Stine, H. R. Merritt, R. W. Barnett, S.
H. Epps, Jr., J. B. Love, J. R. Ferguson,
R. T. Beamguard w
Moore, a neat.y dressed, weak-faced af
voune man. prdBerved a calm demean- th
or throughout tnc trial, and during bc
moat of the day held his three-year- jg
old child in his arms. His wife and of
sister were with him during the trial,
He broke down somewhat when the m
judge pronounced sentence, evidently (l0
expecting a lighter term than was giv- Qr]
en him. T. P. McDow, Esq., represent- w
ed the defendant and Solicitor Henry, CQ
the state. dl
Many people from Sharon and com- aj
munity came to Yorkville Tuesday to
hear the trial of the case, among them bf
being the widow and children of the m
slain man. Immediately after sentence q,
was pronounced Moore was taken back pj
to his cell in the county jail. He will
probably be taken to Columbia today. of
Trial of the case was hard fought jn
by both the defense and the state, al- w.
though the only witness for the de- ^
fense was the accused man himself, tb
and he undertook to make no defense
of his admitted act in striking Mr. CQ
Penninger over the head with a pistol. b(J
The prosecution, however, admitted je,
that it was not this blow; but a pistol
shot fired by Mills Moore, brother of av
Frank, that caused the death of Mr. wj
Penninger.
J. L. Whitesides, who was mayor of N)
Sharon at the time of the tragedy and de
who had deputized Mr. Penninger to br
act as marshal on the occasion, was th
the first witness for the state. He told j_j(
of having words early Monday mornu
ing September 30, 1918, with Frank
Moore, because Moore objected to the ev
I holding of a Ford car for bond required ,.e
of his mother, Mrs. Brown, because of
her alleged disorderly conduct. Moore gc,
had told him later that he would raise ^r|
the required bond?$25. Shortly after *h,
12 o'clock, one of the two Brown girls
who were living in Sharon with their 1
mother, Mr. Whitesldes said, came to f(^
him and told him that her brother
<111
Frank Brown wanted to see him at ge(
Pennlnger's blacksmith shop. Upon his W?
arrival there, Frank Moore said, "We l1, thi
I've got the money; that settles it
don't It?" Mr. Whitesldes replied that wf
one case was settled but there was th(
another warrant for Frank Moore be- co
cause of alleged disorderly conduct tr
the previous night. Mr. Penninger Md hh
been deputized to serve the second t
warrant and proceeded to read it. ^
Frank Moore said something about the
warrant being "a damned outrage," and Qn
struck Penninger behind the ear whh {
his pistol. Both Mills and Frank Moore
or Porter Brown and Frank Brown as rifJ
they were known in Sharon drew their
pistols and ordered him and Marshal j
Penninger to hold up their hands. The ^
Moore boys backed them into Mr.. Penninger's
shop where Mills Moore fired j
twice, Mr. Penninger falling dead. The
two Moores then backed out of the
shop, still covering the witness and ,
fled.
ne
The Brown girl, Mr. Whitesldes said
exclaimed "Mills, run you've killed that al)
man" and the three ran off toward the ^
house in Sharon occupied by the wo- hn
men. jTe
Mr. 'Whitesides testified on cross ex- nQ
amination that he had never seen .
Frank Moore before the morning of
the tragedy. Moore's pistol wfth which ^
he struck Fcnninger was a blue-steel vi(
38. The pistol was offered in evidence p
by the state. He said that Penninger rf^
had nothing in his hands save the warrant
at the time Frank Moore struck
him one time with the pistol.
James Shannon testified that he was
on the opposite side of the shop when 'ni
the shooting occurred. Both the Moore
boys were cursing and both had their
pistols drawn when he first became bo
aware of the difficulty. He saw Frank is
Moore hit Mr. Penninger with his pis- 1
tol. At that time the witness left and kll
he did not see the actual shooting, al- Br
though he heard the two shots and re- <ju
turned shortly thereafter. Mr. P(n- 1
ninger was dead when he returned. pli
S. A. Hope was standing on Main tin
street of Sharon about 100 yards away da
when the shooting occurred. He could
not say whether the man who struck an
Mr. Penninger with the pistol was the da
same who fired the two shots. He saw jer
the two men back off following the
shooting and he saw the Brown girl is
peep into the shop after the shots and ch
then trot off. all
John T FWmster testified that the
Moore boys came to his house about ja
10 o'clock on the morning of the shoot- a
ins1. They said they came to borrow of
$15 and Frank Moore offered to pawn si.'
Mr. Feemster his pistol as security tlj
for the amount. Mr. Feemster agreed
to the transaction and the pistol was ca
tendered him. A few minutes later sa
Frank Moore said he couldn't pawn an
the pistol because some people had pr
it in for him down at Sharon, "and if ho
that peg-leg fellow fooled with him
he would knock his peg-leg off," or Ti
words to that effect. He explained to tit
Mr. Feemster that his car was being re
held by the authorities at Sharon and Pt
he wanted to borrow the money in or- al
der to get his machine. ca
J. M. Bur lis, clerk in the employee th
of the York Hardware company testi- oi
>d that Mills Moore and Frank Moore
irehased cartridges from him on the
orning of the tragedy. The men (
>ught 75 cents worth of .78 special
trtridges and 25 cents worth of .38
ilibre cartridges. ,
Dr. C. O. Burrus examined the body j
the deceased shortly after h? was
lied. Mr. Ponnlnger was shot In the ,
ick and the bullet In his body was
at from a .38 special revolver. There
as a bad cut over his left ear. Death .
i testified, might have been caused
/ either the wound on the head or
le pistol bullet and he would not-ex- c
efts an opinion as to which of the
ro wounds caused death. .
Dr. J. H. Saye also examined the
wiv of the slain man. He described ?
lick behind the ear which appeared *
hare been done with the barrel of a
volver, the sight of the weapon layg
open the flesh. Describing the pis1
wound, he said that the bullet had ?
itered the body at the back between
ie eighth and ninth ribs. No autopsy
as performed. Either the pistol bult
or the lick on the head might have *
Lused death; but in his opinion the c
stol bullet was responsible. It ap- *
?ared from the position of the bullet
at Mr. Penninger was stooping atth? 1
me he was shot. ?
Testimony of W. M. McCloud, S. 7. *
aloe and Sheriff Fred E. Qulnn whom 1
e defense undertook to introduce as '
laracter witnesses was ruled out by I
o court. *
Moore's 8tory. i *
The defendant himself was his onl^ E
Itness and he gave his version of the c
fair in considerable detail. He Is In *
e 28th year of his age, having beep *
>rn near Shelby, N. C., October 16, *
91. He is married and the father *
two children. His father was killed a
ay, 18, 1916 and his mother again '
arrled a widower with two grown I
lughters. They were living in Shar- t
t under the name of Brown which 1'
as not their right name and upon
ming to visit tham, he was intro- t
irod n?j Frank Brown, hence hi* I s
[as. o
He was a mill hand by occupation, t
! -said, having worked at the Lock- ^
ore Mill in Yorkvllle, Bowling Green, t
istonia, King's Mountain and ottjer v
aces. He was living in Greenwood s
hen he came to Sharon at the time d
the tragedy. From a sister living
Gastonla, he learned that his mother c
is living in Yorkvllle and was sick,
pon arrival here he learned she and
e two girls had moved to Sharon.
He went there, he said, and dls- f
vered his brother, Mills Moore at the
ime of their mother. He said he
lrned of the charges against his r
other and desiring to take her a
ray, had consulted Mayor Whltesides c
iiom he said at first offered to let li
em go; but later changed his- mind, h
)t having the money to pay the fine n
manded of the mother, he and his e
other Mills Moore tried to borrow p
p money from "Mr. .1* T. Feemstor.''
2 offered Mr. Feemster his pistol g
security, promising to redeem the t
n the same night at 9 o'clock. How- p
er he decided not to let Mr. Feemster v
ep the gun when advised by his ti
other Mills that "you are a fool to p
II that gun for $15." He said he told w
:. Feemster, "I can't let you have e
it gun because they have it in for u
> down at Sharon." ii
I'pon the return to Sharon he of- h
ed the money to Mayor Whitesldes a
d Mr. Penninger whom he had never g
;n before informed him that there c
is another warrant. He explained f,
it he doubted whether or not a
?ssrs. Whitesldes and Penninger tl
:re regular officers, that he had given tl
sm every cent he had and he lost
ntrol of himself. He thereupon c
uck Mr. Penninger a light lick with u
? pistol. The lick, he said, did not t]
igger the dead man. Then his i
other Mills fired at Mr. Penninger t|
ling him. He then held his pistol ^
Mr. Whitesldes and backed away.
Dn cross examination Moore denied t]
mhrisintr cartridges from J. M. Bur- c,
at the York Hardware company. g]
! said he had cartridges In his pistol ?
len he left Greenwood. The car n
it the authorities had at Sharon for n
:urity for the bond was not his car
t in possession of his brother, Mills
>ore who had for some reason claim- tj
that it belonged to the defendant.
The defendant said that he had
ver been in trouble before in his life.
; knew nothing of the present where- Js
outs of his brother, Mills Moore. y
s brother, lie said, had been at his ^
me in Greenwood about ten days ^
fore he came to Sharon and he did ^
t know that Mills was In Sharon j
ion he (Frank) came there. His
other Mills Moore, he said, was at ^
? time of the killing an escaped con?t
from the Mecklenburg county, N. j
chaingang and had a long criminal
?ord.
e'
. p
CURRENT EVENTS. 11
teresting News Happenings Gather- u
ed from All Over the World A
The regular summer meeting of the *1
ard of trustees of Clemson College &
to be held on July 23. ?
Twenty-six persons were reported ?
led Tuesday In an explosion on the "
ltlsh tank steamer Reseleaf off Car- a
T, Wales. c
Three men were killed when a sea- 0
ine plunged Into a back channel at n
e Philadelphia navy yard, late Mon- n
,y afternoon. c
The Georgia Press association at its
nual meeting at Monroe, Ga., Tues-' n
y adopted resolutions endorsing the Q
igue of nations. c'
T. L. Davis, a plumber 70 years old r
under arrest in Concord, N. C., Q
arged with attempting to crlmln- h
y assault a nine-year-old girl. n
Practically all laundries operating in v
ckson. Miss., have been indicted by tl
Mississinni circuit court on a charge n
violating the anti-trust laws of Mis- ti
ssippi, following a grand jury inves- F
ration of an alleged fixing of prices.
Eighteen million dollars for the votlonal
training of injured soldiers,
ilors and marines is provided by an ^
nendment to the sundry civil approiation
bill tentatively adopted by the
uise Tuesday by a vote of 120 to 119. h
Governor Hobby of Texas was on h
jeeday asked to resign in a resolu- a
in introduced in the Texas house of h
presentatives by Representative 5
>pe of Xeuces county because of his b
leged connection with an attempt to o
ncel the state's option to purchase r
e Blue Ridge prison farm upon which
I has been discovered. n
WILLIS SUCCEEDS RECTOR.
)versea?^Soldier Appointed Sheriff Of
Greenville County by Gov. Cooper.
Sam D. Willie, 29, formerly Captain
>f Co. A, 118th Infantry, 30th division
laa been appointed Sheriff of Greendlle
county to succeed the late Sheriff
ienanx Jttector. xne new snenn ih
>robably the youngest in the state.
There were a full dozen applicants
or the place. They were: J. L. Balenger,
Greenville; I. M. Wood, Greer;
3. O. Holtzclaw, Greer; J. W. L.ittle,
limpsonville; J. Ben Watklns, Greendlle;
W. A. Alison, Greenville; J- H.
Bagwell, Greenville; Capt Sam D.
Villis, Greenville; J. P. Charles,
Sreenville; H. D. Capell, and Dr. J. R.
P. Ne&l.
In connection with the appointment
f Captain Willis, Governor Cooper
;ave out the following statement:
"It is a source of real regret to me
hat it is necessary for me to dlsippoint
the other applicants, some of
vhom are very close personal friends
if mine. Only one man eould be ap>ointed,
however.
"It is appropriate that I call attenlon
to the spirit in which the various
.pplicants have conducted themselves.
Jot one of them has said anything to
ne against any other applicant, and
rblle each has very naturally and
iroperly been anxious for the office,
t has been the rule that each has said,
n effect, 'I want you to name the
nan who will be of most value to the
:ounty, for that is the Important
hlnff-' I do not recall having paricipated
in any matter of this kind
u A MI?MU ..Mt.AMrUv <VAA/4
vucio tucie wtw outu uuvat/iiis gwu
eellng and sincerity. There was not
.n applicant who showed himself unrorthy,
and neither was there an apilicarit
who would, In my opinion,
tave made a failure in the office had
t been given to him.
"In this connection I wish to add
his word: An officer is almost helpless
ave where he is backed by public
plnfon. I shall, therefore, expect
hose men who have indorsed Captain
Villis, and all other citizens as well,
o create the kind of sentiment that
^ enable and inspire not only the
heriff, but all other peace officers to
io their utmost in behalf of the hapliness
'and Welfare of Greenville
ounty."
fRUIT OR VEGETABLE.
tenewal of the Everlasting Question
Concerning the Tomato.
The season has arrived, as somebody
eminds us, for the annual controversy
a to whether the tomato is a vegetable
r a fruit. We imagine that vegetarma
and fruitarians become especially
leated over this problem and that
o&ny an excltlpg debate occurs whenver
representatives of these two opposing
Quits come into juxtaposition.
Siffaktoffft-dm a broad but shi.llow
ardcn experience, we slivuld say that
his question does not really become a
roblem until the fruit or vegetable or
hatever it is comes to the able. In
he intermediate stage of its i.rtan ex
crlences, that is to say in the markets,
ro And the tomato treated with all the
xalted consideration that is bestowed
pon the choicest fruits. It is put up
1 small baskets, like strawberries or
ot-house peaches, and invested with
n air of quiet elegance that commands
reat respect If these chaste and dellate
conditions failed sufficiently to inarm
the curious consumer the price
ffixed is quite enough to determine
10 matter. The price declares plainly
lat the tomato is a fruit
However, prices are not altogether
onciusive in these days. It is difficult
nder modern conditions to determine
le status of anything on this basishere
are various products of which
he botanical status could hardly be
ecided by the commercial evidence,
here are cucumbers, for example. By
le price one might be justified in asiming
that a cucumber was some
pecies of Imported melon. Structurlly,
too, for that matter, peifcaps it
light be argued that a cucumber is
lore like a melon than it is like anyling
else. Anyway, it has certain
jatures that make it moro fruit-like
lan vegetable-like. And certainly the
rice, early in the season, approxilates
that of grapefruit.
It would seem plain that the tomato
i not the only article capable of pro
iding a controversy as to whether It
i fruit or vegetable. We know how
think of It when It is in the maret
and classed with early peaches
1 the matter of price, and we know
lso how the marketinen treat it, very
snderly, as they would any fruit. You
ever see tomatoes lying around careissly,
as you often see potatoes, parnips,
summer squash, cauliflower and
vsu most of the asparagus. The peo- ,
le of the market treat a tomato decately.
,
Their attitude is due in a groat measre,
of course, to ordinary prudence.
. tomato that is treated roughly or
isrespectfully is quite likely to rctalite.
It is an exceedingly boomerangy
bject, and if its blushing delicacy is
ffendod it has a way of distributing
self over the contiguous landscape in
n altogether disconcerting way. The
ffective radius of a bursting tomato Is
ften surprising, and the efforts arc
otcd for their high visibility. Marketlen
are not inclined to take hazardous
hances.
And apparently the growers cf tolatoee
are equally indifferent. The
uestlon, It seems, does not become a
ontroverslal problem until the tomato
caches the consumer. Then, as freucnt'.y
manifested, there is a tormontig
uncertainty as to whether the toPfirronallv.
:c have always been Inclined to split
he credit fifty-fifty, and view tho tolato
as a convient hybrid susceptible
3 either classification. F H. Ycung In ,
'rovidence Journal.
DRY MEXICO NEXT.
lexican Board of Health Sponsors Bill
Against Alcohol.
The Mexican consulate at New Organs,
announces that the national
onrd of health of Mexico has prepared
hill for the elimination of alcohol
leverages from the entire country of
[exico, and that this measure probacy
will be adopted by the next session
f the federal congress, which will
neet In December. The bill proposes:
"First, to prohibit, after date of prorogation
of the proposed law, the
opening: of any new establishment at
which is sold any beverage containing t
alcohol.
"Second, to prohibit absolutely, the
manufacture and sale of any alcoholic
beverage which contains wormwood
(such as absinthe) or any beverage
of analogous composition, immediately
after the promulgation of the law.
"Third, to prohibit, six months after
the putting into effect of the two previous
provisions, the sale or consumption
of alcoholic beverages in any public
place.
"Fourth, to prohibit the manufacture
of alcohol from cereals, and to a
prohibit the sale of any alcoholic bev- ?
erage, one year after the date at which
the preceding provisions are put into \
effect t
"Fifth, to grant a monopoly for the ^
manufacture and sale of alcohol for t
commercial purposes only, to a cor- ^
poration that shall agree to devote all ?
its proiits to charity. t
"Sixth, to deprive confirmed also- v
holies of their civil rights, but to provide
a properly maintained hospital c
where they may be cured, if possible s
at government expense, their civil ^
rights to bo returned to them on such (
cure being effected. c
"Seventh, to prohibit Immediately r
the maintenance of saloons within 10 j
miles of the^border of Mexico and the ^
IJnited States." a
* a
AMERICA'S BIGGEST FARM. t
t
JOO.GOO Acres in Wheat and not a Single
Horse Used.
Farming two hundred thousand
acres is certainly a regular Job. But f
doing it without the use of a single
horse is something else again. Yet,
preposterous as it may sound, this feat i
is actually being performed by a Mon- \
tana man, Thomas D. Campbell. This f
huge farm, probably the largest in the j
world, is a direct result of the gov- c
ernment's efforts to stimulate the
growing of wheat during the past two B
years. The farm is devoted entirely to j
wheat, and if it produces somewhere
around the country's average of twen- ^
ty-eight bushels per acre, which is 8
practically certain, it will add approximately
five million six hundred and
fifty thousand bushels to the 1919 f
wheat crop. At the government's guar- t
anteed price of two dollars and twenty- ^
six cents per bushel, this represents ^
the tidy sum of twelve million six
thousand dollars. Of course all this ^
won't be net profit But there should
be enough left, after all expenses are
paid, to make the venture worth while.
Thomas D. Campbell is the man who
conceived the idea of the world's *
largest wheat farm, or any other sort
of farm for that matter. Originally
of Grand Folks, North Dakota more
recently of Los Angeles, California, v
and now a resident of the Crow Indian
reservation in Montana, where he
stands an excellent chance of being *
elected chief of the Crows, Mr. Camp- a
hell has astonished the wheat-growers
of the country, as well as a lot of other c
people, by the vastness of \the enterprise
under his management.
It was during the summer of 1917
that Mr. Campbell first thought of h
raising wheat on a large scale on unused
Indian lands, and wrote to the
Indian Bureau at Washington outlining ^
his plans and asking how to proceed Q
to lease some of the tracts. He was Q
courteously informed by the sundry
obscure clerks in the department that
it couldn't bfe done. They cited certain '
T
rules and regulations and laws to
prove their assertions.
But some thirty years ago Tom
Campbell took them seriously when ^
they told him there was no such word '
as "can't" in the dictionary. It is ^
rumored that he doesn't even believe
much in cantaloup or cantatas. So, ^
he tried again, the men higher up this a
time, and the result was a long tele- ^
gram to President Wilson. Almost im- a
mediately came back a reply saying
that the president was much Interested a
in the project and had referred it to w
Secretary Lane, who would give the. w
matter his personal attention. a
The upshot of the matter was that a 0
week or two later found Mr. Campbell
in the presence of the Secretary of the
Interior. The firct thing the Secretary d
asked him was what kind of contract
he wanted. "Any kind," was the re- a
ply, " Just so I get a chance to raise a L
lot of wheat"
"What do you want for yourself?"
_ _ _ Q
asked the Secretary.
"N'othing," Campbell replied. "1 um w
willing to enroll with the dollar-a-year u
men if the Government finances the l?
project, and If I finance it myself, all ^
I want is a chance to break even."
The Secetary saw that he was deal- tl
ing with a man and a patriot as well as b
an ertra-size farmer, so he asked him r<
why he didn't make it two hundred n
thousand acres instead of twenty thou- f,
sand. ir
"Could you handle that many acres?'
asked Mr. Lane.
"Certainly," replied Mr. Campbell, Js
"only it will require more capital than
I had figured on."
Secretary Lanu said he thought that C(
could be arranged and told Mr. Campbell
to go ahead and draw up a con- a,
tract. The contract was drawn nnd in
due time bore the signatures of Secretary
Lane, all the bureau chiefs and e'
Mr. Campbell. The Indians, of course,
were well taken care of under the a'
terms of the contract- They will re- a
roivo one-tenth of the crop during the e<
first five years, and one-fifth of the c(
crop during the second five-year per- r?
iod, at the end of which the lease expires.
U
The next step was to finance the w
project, so Mr. Campbell hurried to C
New York, presented himself at the tl
offices of J. P. Morgan and sent in s<
word that Secretary Lane had asked h
him to call on a matter of business. N
Whether Mr. Morgan had received advance
information of Mr. Campbell's pi
coming or not is unimportant. The c<
fact remains that he was immediately S
invited in for a conference. q
Mr. Morgan listened while Mr. 3,
Campbell told his story. At the end of tI
tho story Mr. Morgan asked how mueh .
money would be required. tj
"Five million dollars," replied Mr.
Campbell calmly, as one might say,
"I'll take another bag of peanuts." {,
"Very well," said Mr. Morgan, "you w
may have It. And If that isn't enough y
as much more will be available." h
And so the two-hundred-thousand- v
acre wheat farm came Into existence, a
with Mr. Campbell as president of the \
Montana Farming Corporation and t<
general manager of the whole project, p
But about the absence of horses on
:he farm.
All of the work Is being done with
tractors. Lost fall, when the first
rround was broken, there were fifty
nonster machines at work tearing up
he prairie sod. ThlA spring others have
>een at work. They plow on an average
>f one acre a minute for the working
ime. A record was made o.<:e day of
sighteen hundred and eighty acres
:urned and broken. All the seeding,
iarve8tlng, etc., will also be done by
ractors, and then, of course, there are
U A f O AV AA XT AMAA IVlA
iiQ kill COUlUg - U1AVUIUCA AlOMVO W11V
ibsolute no-accountness of horses
ibout this place*
One of the first problems Mr. Campjell
had to solvo was the number of
he various kinds of machines that
vould be required to do the work on
;ho entire farm. He solved '.his by dividing
the farm Into units of five thouland
acres and then allowing a cerain
period for each operation, on each
init
Mr. Campbell, as activo as he is,
louldn't reasonably be expected to perlonally
oversee and work on two hunlred
thousand acres of land through>ut
the season. So each unit is put in
iharge of a foreman and a crew of
nen. Each unit also has its group of
jermanent and modernly equipped
mildings. It Is a gigantic proposition
my way you look at It And, lncidentilly,
the man who Is behind It is only
hlrty-six years old.?Robert H. Moulon,
in July Everybodys.
REPORT OF THE GRAND JURY
rinal Presentment To Court Of General
Session*.
The York county grand Jury competed
Its work at noon Tuesday and
tras discharged. Before dismissal the
ollowlng presentment signed by R. E.
3araett foreman, was filed with the
iourt:
The grand Jury fdr York county
ubmlts the following report for the
>resent term of this court:
We have passed on all bills handed
o us by the solicitor and returned the
ame with our findings thereon.
"We have considered the inatter
'our honor called to our attention In
egard to cases being tried In court as
he? come us regardless of whether
lefendants are out on bond or not and
ve recommend same to be tried, es>eclally
those in violation of the proilbitlon
law.
"We have examined a^ew bridges
nd find they need repairs as to floors,
nd also that the main highways have
lot been worked. We recommend
hey be attended to.
"We desire to thank your honor and
he solicitor for the courtesies shown
is and the assistance given us in the
lischarge of our duties.
'There being no furtlior business at
his term of the ggurt, we respectfully
.sk that we be discharged from
urther attendance of this term of ,
Curt."
STATE NEWS IN BRIEF. <
iappenings of Interest in All Sections i
of South Carolina. <
Camp Jackson ceased to exist as a i
emobllizatlon camp Tuesday and no 1
lore overseas troops will be mustered .
ut of service there. t
Over 2,000,000 pounds of tobacco !
rere sold by farmers In Dillon, last j
'uesday at prices ranging: from four
} forty-six sents a pound.
Revenue officers captured a large 1
lstillery in Laurens county lest week. I
'he still was the first to be taken in '
aurens in many months.
The controlling Interest In the Baldwin
Cotton Mills of Chester has been J
cquired by J. P. Stevens & Co., of 1
Tew York. Alex Long of Rock Hill, is <
t present the president of the mills. 1
Mack Murray, a negro soldier was 1
rrested in Columbia, Monday, charged (
rith carrying obscene pictures which 1
rere made in Paris. Mixon Ramey, 1
lso colored was arrested for a similar J
flense. *
Mrs. Carrie Mc. Patrick, well known
ewspaper woman of Anderson has the
istinction of being the first woman to
y in an aeroplane in South Carolina. ,
he took a flight over Anderson with
Jeut Jesse W. Simpson Tuesday.
President Wilson haj promised
outh Carolina congressmen that he (
ill if possible attend the first re- ,
nion of the Thirtieth Division which .
i to be held in Greenville in Septem- ,
er. ,
Rear-Admiral Victor Blue, ehief of .
ne bureau of navigation, who has ]
een ill for several months has been j
ecommended for retirement from the ]
avy. He was appointed to Annapolis j
rom South Carolina and his home is y
l Marlon. <
An election is to bo held in Richland <
ounty August 5, on the question of 1
isuing road bonds in the sum of $2,- i
00,000. The state highway engineers <
stimate that the roads in Richland e
ounty to be built from the proceeds 1
f the proposed bond issue will cost t
bout 122,500 a mile. t
C. C. Crouch, a motorman employ- 1
3 by the South Carolina Light & 1
ower Company at Spartanburg was (
ssaulted by unknown persons Tuesday 1
nd badly beaten. Crouch had refus- *
i to Join a strike of motormen and T
mductors of the Spartanburg street *
lilway which has been in progress. c
Robert Wicker, 35, a white farmer
ving near Pomarla, Newberry county
as shot and killed Monday night,
larence Setzlcr, a negro recently re- K
lrned from service overseas is being c
>ught, charged with the killing and 1
is uncle, Manuel Setzler is in Jail in 1
'ewberry charged with complicity. *
Citizens of Spartanburg county pro
ose to resist the efforts or ureenvuie
aunty people to annex a portion of '
partanburg county In the vicinity of
reer to Greenville- A check for $1,00
has been deposited with the 1
easurer of Spartanburg county by an i
ttorney of , Greenville, to guarantee (
le cost of a survey of the territory. <
The first White House of the Consderacy,
located in Montgomery, Ala., ,
rill not be destroyed. The White ,
louse association of Montgomery, Ala.
as purchased the White House which
ras once the home of Jefferson Davis,
mbassador to Italy, arrived at New
rork, Monday and from there weat
o Washington,,where he tendered hie
esignation.
GARNERED WITH SCISSORS
News From Within and Without
the County. , |
CONDENSED FOR QUICK READING
Some Items of Fact, Soma of Commant
and All Helping to Giva an Idaa of
What Our Neighbors Are Saying and
Doing.
Rock Hill Record, July 14: The J. L.
Phillips Drug Co. has bought from
Mrs. W. L. Roddey the store room now
occupied by them. The consideration,
we understand was $26,000 Little
Miss Evelyn Bryant is spending sometime
as the guest of her grandparents,
Mr. and Mrs. A. S. Hand of York
Friends in this city will learn with
much Interest that our townsman N.
Q. Walker, will on tomorrow (Tues- fl
day) be married to Mrs. Pauline Brad
ley Lcfte at her home in Washington,
D. C.
Gaffnay Ledger, July 15. Edward
Dobson, who served as a captain in
the dental corps of the army in Prance
and who had been at home on furlough,
last week went to Camp Jackson,
where he received an honorable
discharge. Mr. Dobson has not yet decided
where he will practice his profession
Representatives of the
Broad River Baptist Association, the
First Baptist church, the First Baptist
church Sunday school, the Buford
Street Methodist church, the Limestone
Street Presbyterian church, the
Cherokee Avenue Baptist church' and
Limestone College, paid feeling ^tribute
to Dr. J. S. Dill in the farewell services
held at the First Baptist church
Sunday evening. The meeting was
presided over by Dr. W- C. Hamrick.
Each of the speakers referred to the
cordial and pleasant relations that
have been developed and maintained
by the retiring minister. Each one
also claimed that Dr. Dill's leaving is
a personal loss as well as a loss to the
civic and religious life of Caftney. Dr.
Dill has served as pastor of the First
Baptist church for the past eight and
one-half years. He resigned to accopt
the position of circulation manager
of the Baptist Courier of Greenvllla
Fred Mike was arrested bv
Deputy Sheriff Joe Watklns, Chief of
Police Bruce Bryant and Policeman
Arthur Hopper Sunday evening in a
railroad cut near the Rose place north
of the city. Mike, who la one of the
railroad negroes working at Blacksburg,
was charged with having shot
another negro. He used a pistol, the
bullet inflicting a painful' wound in the
negro's arm Sheriff W. W. Thomas
was called to Wilkinsville, Sunday
night by the information that someone
had tied a mule to a tree and shot the
animal. He found upon Investigation
that the st^^y was correct, the mule
having been shot three times, apparently
with a pistol, after being tied to
the tree. Although badly injured the
animal seemed to have a chance to recover
and the sheriff secured a negro
to take care of it. The person doing
the shooting has not been discovered.
Major Robert T. Ferguson, of
the Medical Corps of the army, spent
Sunday night in the city with friends.
Major Ferguson is spending a two
weeks leave of absence from Camp
Dix, N. J., having just recently arrived
from overseas service. He expects to
be discharged when his leave expires,
and will then return to Qaffney.
1
Gastonia Gazette, July 14: Mr.
Prank Brumley, of the Arm of Brumley
& Walters, has demonstrated that
i printer can do more than print Mr.
Brumley reports a ripe watermelon
from his patch Sunday. As far as has
come to the knowledge of this office
this is the first of the home-grown variety
for the season Messrs. A. A.
McLean, Jr.. of this city, and Frank
Goldberg, of Atlanta, Ga., have awarded
the contract for the ehectlon of a
4,000 spindle cotton mill at Bessemer
City, a site having already been secured
at that place near the Huss
Manufacturing Company. The plant la
capitalised at (176,000, Messrs. McLean
and Goldberg taking the entire
amount of stock. Plied yarns N'oa 8
to 14 will be manufactured. An order
For the machinery has already been
placed and work is to begin at once on
the building- A name for the mill has
not at this time been decided upon,
announcement is also made of the removal
of the waste plant of the American
Metal & Waste Company from Coumbia,
S. C. to Bessemer City, where
i waste plant 160 by 260 feet and a
varehouse 100 by 400 feet will be
;rected. Mr. Frank Goldberg Is the
>wner of the company Rev. J. B.
flood, pastor of Pisgah Associate Re'ormed
Presbyterian church, left tolay
for Ora, S. C., where he will spend
l week conducting a protracted meetng
for Rev. I. N. Kennedy, pastor of
he Ora church Ground was broken
his morning for the buildings of the
kfvers Mill, which is to be located on
he York road south of the city
)n charges of vagrancy : nd disordery
conduct, Lonie Cunningham, Min
dorrow and Delia Eskridge, three
vhite women of alleged shady charac:er,
were sentenced by Judge .
J. Jones in Recorder's court Saturday
o 30 days in Jail on each charge with
he privilege of escaping the sentence
>y leaving the city before 10 o'clock
Sunday morning. The women evllently
considered the 1 tter punish- ?
nent the easier of the two, having
nade their departure Saturday night
sarlyThere
are a half million automobiles
n use in New York state.
Resumption of mall service between
he United States and Germany ef'ectlve
immediately was provided in an
srder signed Tuesday by Postmaster
jeneral Burleson.
General licenses covering Import and
export trading with Germany were issued
in Washington Monday by the
war trade division of the state department
with the approval of Acting
Secretary Polk. Except In certain
limited cases, provided under the
treaty of peaoe, trading between the
United States and Germany may be
commenced at once.