Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, January 14, 1919, Image 1
8TW
: . . \ 2
' * C
, ^ . _ . ? , M
ISSUED SEBII-WEEKLT,
l m guist's sons, Pubiisbers.} S Hamilg $eirspapei; : $or tli^ promotion of lh(| political, ?o<ialf ^riculturai and (fommei;rial Interests of th$ peopl*. ) TER^^^^c^EJ,RviNci15^ANCI
: ?? '?
established 1855 YORK. S. C. TUE81'AY,. JAKUABY 34.
GREATEST NAVAL DISGRACE]
Story of the Surrender ot the Big
German Fleet
EVENT DESCRIBED BY SPECIAL WRITER
Here Is the Human Interest Side of
trie mosi nvmirMoig n?vai wunop.o
the World Has Ever Known?Wonderful
Victory Without the Firing of
w a Shot.
"One may have been around this
war from Lapland to Bagdad and from
St. Nazaire to Moscow, as 1 have
been," writes a staff correspondent of
the New York World in a dispatch
that adds human outlines to the meager
cab.ed accounts of the strangest
naval surrender in history. "One may
have seen the most Impressive happenings;
but the few minutes following
9.15 on the morning of November
& 21 on the bridge of the Texas, will always
remain the most unforgetable."
It was a day, as seen by this correspondent,
primarily of "shattering huB
man humiliation." Even among the
^ British and American sailors there
was little of the rejoicing and uplift
of heart that might have accompanied
a sea victory bought and paid for in
the old way. "British and American
seamen felt as if their own profession
was being held up to ignomy," writes
the correspondent, "and they themselves
indirectly compromised." For,
as the sea-lighters' logic ran:
There has never been any- naval
111-- AVI
surrender in msiory uxe tins, oyanlards,
French, Russians?all came out,
In similar circumstances of certain
doom, and fought their ships to the
end. They might have fought these
ships, they might have scuttled them,
a few brave souls might have put up
a death-or-glory "show" in the waters
of the North sea. But no. "There's
no use in it It won't help us. So
don't let's do it!" they may have argued.
The correspondent on going aboard
the Texas the evening before the day
of the surrender, discovered that the
attitude of the American fleet toward
the Teutonic debacle was unconcern
mixed with contempt. He writes:
The five United States battleships
forming the sixth battle squadron of
the Grand Fleet, New York, Texas,
Arkansas, Wyoming and Florida,
clearly distinguishable from all other
dreadnoughts by their lattice masts,
lay in the Firth of Fourth very nearly
under the giant bridge spanning that
waterway. As far as the eye could see
in every direction there were dottea
warships, while in and out coursec
pinnaces and launches. Arrived at
the top of the accommodation-ladder.
th? executive officer led me to the ad
mlr&l's cabin there being no admiaat
V nd aboard. *
"Make yourself comfy and the;
come right along to the wardroom
We're having a sort of a hop." I ex[pected
a score of officers, British am
American, "bunny-hugging" to a pi
ano. Instead I came upon a score o
pretty English women, officers' wiveand
daughters, fox-trotting with Brit
ish and American officers to thi
strains of a jazz band. In one cornci
lay spread out the most ravishing pre
war tea of cream and sugar and butTj
ter and white bread and delightful
cakes and dainties. * And so we
trotted to jazz for the rest of the evening,
on the Texas, while the Germans
f in one winding cortege twenty miles
long, were mournfully finding theii
way towards us, now guided clear of
Britisn rmne-neias oy wirems, nu?
hesitating at mine-fields of their own
long since swept up by us. The Duke
of Richmond's ball at Brussels the
night before Waterloo was nothing to
this. One lived each moment of each
minute. The dramatic note was apt
to bo intense. What were those Germans
doing, saying, thinking, out in
^ the North sea that night as we toasted
Der Tag at dinner, and then repairec"
to a cinema show aboard? To get an
gle, one must Dear in mina xnat a
man's ship Is his home, his life, his
p. all. The sailor's attitude to his ship
Is one of awed affection: his primitive
instincts impel him to defend her as a
lioness defends her cubs. And here
were the Germans sailing: on, on, on
to surrender, to degradation, to Nemesis while
wo jazz-trotted in unconcern.
Beatty*s famous "operation order
No. 22," showing that the British commander
was going to take no chances
with German trickery, was received
and commented on. A young American
officer explained to the correspondent:
"What we fear most is a stunt by a
submarine manned entirely by officers.
They might easily get a couple of our
ships before being done in themselves.
Any battle squadron that should be
attacked has orders to scatter. The
rest of the line will continue as if
nothing had happened. But if a solitary
gun-turret moves on the German
ofcino wViv the whole durned I
out iacv
lot will be blown out of the water
The whole business makes you want
to sit up and rub your temples. First
people I've ever met who couldn't be
even kicked into a fight!"
Five minutes later we wore watching
"A Princess of the Blood" on the
cinema and discussing movie stars.
But this night of nights it was impossible
to get away from the business
^ in hand. "One of our patrol boats has
Viom nn nne hundred and fifty I
J/IVIWU iliviu m ^ .....
miles east of May island. Quite behaving
themselves," announces a newcomer
from the bridge. And one's
thoughts going wandering again. Here
was the kaiser's dream vanishing every
minute into the Scottish mists. A
dying navy a navy that had kept Eu- |
rope from sleeping peacefully in its
bed for nigh twenty years a navy |
W..II+ fnr ?rAiiK1n nnmnlntP from its *11
tricate U-boat microphones to its
pretty women agents dotted around
the capitals of Europe. And this was
the end steaming methodically to
ward us of the night in complete surrender.
So dawned The Day a blood'ess
^ Trafalgar in which *7 battleships and
JBL battle-cruisers. 35 cruisers and lf~ht
cruisers and 200 destrovers p' th"
proud fleet, totaling perhaps 100,000
personnel and covering a stretch of
water forty miles long by six wide, re
celved the capitulation of thirteen Ger- ,
man battleships and battle-cruisers,*'
6 light cruisers and 49 destroyers
manned by perhaps 17,000 officers and
men under the nominal command of
Admiral von Reuter, the real people
in control being the lower deck.
The first sh'p left the Firth of
Forth in the chill mist of 2 a. m., and
for the next four hours we passed out 1
to sea in one incessant stream, Bratty i
bringing up the rear and weighing an- '
-bor on his flag-ship at 6 a. m.
Throughout those memorable hours
he command'r-in-chief kept the most '
intimate control of his armada by. i
w'rclcss. Not a ship of that vast gray i
ronnanv changed sneed or direction
without Beatty's permission. We . sail- 1
ed out line ahead in a dozen clusters, 1
each series of vessels separated perhaps
by two or three miles of water,
and each ship by some 500 yards. The
speed was uniform?twelve knots an
hour. In the raw, icy darkness of
dawn conditions on the Texas were
just as on any other cruiser. In the
wardroom after breakfast officers were
scanning Life or The Cornhill or The
Saturday Evening Post At 7,30 a. m.,
came the order 'general quarters."
The decks were swept clear for action,
the guns fully manned, with ammunition
held ready for ramming home, the
mystic anti-mine device, the Paravanos,
swung out in front of the great
ship. U-boat watch was mounted and
the United States battle-ensign, the
Stars and Stripes, was hoisted on
high for the first time in this war.
Every precaution, in fact, was taken
against treachery.
Daybreak revealed an icy mist and j
phonnv sea. ideal for U-boats. The
first to meet the Germans, far out to
sea, were cinema men, the official programme
beginning toward 9 a. m.,
when a screen of destroyers, then the
loader of the pageant, the light cruiser
Cardiff, came up with the enemy forty
miles east of May island.
"Unknown number of unknown ships
steaming line ahead," she signaled,
after a quaint naval custom, to the
Queen Elizabeth. A few minutes later
she began talking to the leading German
ship, the Seydiitz:
"Steam twelve knot an hour and follow
me."
"We can only do tenjf* replies the
German.
At the same moment Beatty wirelessed
to the admiralty the bare facts
'hat the surrender was a fait accomr>li.
I was on the bridge of the Texas
at the time as the historic message
~arae in. All this time we had not yet
~cen the enemy. According to plan,
the Cardiff then turned about anc"
headed for harbor, leading in the Ger
mans, wnue tne urana rieei, ukcwisc
turning for home, divided into twc
'iant columns six miles apart, the [
'ane in the middle allowing for the '
"'ermans. Less thar. two miles scpaated
the ships. In the gun-turret.'
'.he men cursed and stamped their fee'
is they saw sail under,^heir noses the
cry" vessels they had chased anearched
for and studied and never fo
\ moment had out of their minds
ight and day, for four terrible years
f strain. "It's a wonder no Britisl
run went off by accident!" In th<
urrets little black silhouettes of eacl
: pe of German warship had been
a.'ntcd up. We compared them with
the originals before us. Officers aiie
.ieu uiseusseU technicalities intently."
' bee ti.at mast camouflage on the 1
.rumenburg? Foremast higher than
...ammast? Gives the impression at a
...stance that she's going away when 1
jue's leaily coming toward jou."
"Much haruer to pick up than w< '
.. eie taught. Low on the water,
ooiue of 'em look fine ships. Uut or
..... i
oi repair, tnougn."
Mcajiwhi.e Hay-ship talked to tlay- '
-pip tiiey were twenty in all at
-ea, not count.ng the . Frieurich uei (
grosse. The German ship flew, lor tne 1
uot tune, as Beatty subsequently uevieeu,
the imperial ensign from tne J
mainmast, white w ith black cross. A
white flay had been ho.s^eu on tite
nay-snip, 'the docks of the sunenu- 1
meu snips were almost deserted. Foi
ken mdes anu out of signt tne gra> 1
?.ne of Gcrman>'s fleet exteuueu. rai 1
benind again the ' German destroyers :
..ere being shepneiueu in gioups. No
-eremonial too* place, nor were com- '
ailments of any kino paid.
I asked one or two of the crew ot '
the Texas what they thought about
it? '
"Durned yellow of them to come out
like this without a s< rap."
And they went on skipping and
singing rag tunes and chewing, these
American boys, while the Hoch See
rlotte sailed on, in shame a few ca- 1
bles away. 1 suppose the Germans '
were peering out of port-holes at us
just as fixedly as we were scanning
them. They certainly had an extraoruinary
good view of the Grand '
Fleet. All around them, east and
west, south and north.
1 ne purl IIIUL DUI9UCUOIU HII1VUO
the German crews piayed in the sur- 1
render is touched upon in these
significant paragraphs, written alter 1
a visit to the surrendered ships.
On board, owing to the presence of 1
Bolshevism, the position was an ex- 1
iraordinary one. The German crews
lounged about smoking, eating, and
spitting in front of their officers.
They only obeyed Brisish officers!
"Order these men out of this cabin,"
said a British officer to a German
captain, pointing to a group of Soviet1
white arm-bands.
"Order them:" sobbed the German
at his desk, his head in his hanus. i
"Older them! They take no notice.
? ~ I" i.nhin ull '
l vt: ucvu a J/* loviivi i*? *1*^ v...
the way across like all the other officers."
The British officer took in the situation
at a glance, faced the Soviet
sailors, and in fierce rasping German
orucred, "Achtung!"
'lne uermans urew mem seives iu
attention.
"Umkehren!"
The Germans turnc d about, facing
t' e cabin exit.
Ein, zwei, drei?vorwarts!"
The Germans left the cabin.
"They mutinied," expla'ncd the
German officer, "because they heard
your grand fleet was going to go in
for Bolshevism too."
Bolshevism in the grand fleet!
"t d flags on the British and American
dreadnoughts?I wonder how
much the British admiralty intell'r-rnoe
had to do with circulating in
Kiel and Cuxhaven those tale3 of
British fleet Bolshevism! One never
knows.
Saying good-bye to the Texas, I
turned to Captain Blue.
"Your ship's company, sir would,
I gather, have preferred a fight."
"Well, I wouldn't This has been
the most signal victory in naval history,
and I'd much prefer to bring my
boys home to their mothers and
sweethearts than leave them at the
bottom of the North Sea."
If the German sailors imagined
they were on a joy ride to these
shores they are by now vastly disillujirtrtrwl
nmn ThrOD.flllQ rtofQ f\f tVl?m
are to be sent back in German transports
whence they came, the other
quarter are going to spend a frozen
winter of Internment up in the Orkney
at Scapa, the most desolate, uninhabited,
icy region of the British
Isles. In due course they, too, will return
to Germany but not in their
present ships.
And so ends Der Tag. I have come
away from the grand fleet with one
lominant impression. Beatty has set
aut to show the Germans that they
ire outside the pale. Every word and
ict of this drama has been devoid of
the faintest suggestion of comaraderie
is between victor and vanquished. It
must be a very terrible awakening for
the late enemy. For, should Beatty's
ioctrine be widely accepted this
world is going to be a perfectly rotten
place for Germans to live in for generations
ahead.
FOR UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE
Republican Party Getting in Shape
For Next Campaign.
Declaring for universal female suf
"rage by constitutional amendment
xnd applauding speeches condemning
Socialism, Bolshevism and governncnt
ownership, the Republican na.ional
committee at its meeting in
Chicago last Friday, conferred on the
Jhairman Will H. Hays, who opened
:he meeting with prayer, what was
.aken to be full power to conduct affairs
of the party in its efforts to defeat
the Democrats at the next na.ional
election.
Resolutions laudatory of Theodore
loosevelt were adopted as introduced
ay John T. King of Connecticut and
^lans were made at the suggestion of
Jhairman Hays to erect a permanent
nonument by popular subscription.
The Democrat national administration
was denounced by committeemen
or what was termed its tendency to
ocialism and for placing control of
he government departments in the
lands of the majority of the South,
vhile the majority of the North paid
.0 per cent, of the taxes, as worded
>y Governor Beekman of Rhode Isand.
It was declared by Chairman Hays
nd others that it was too early to
onsicier a candidate for president but
any names were mentioned in the i
foviYia! talk" of committeeWfti while
s :parate meeting of Illinois Rcpubli- |
ans made arrangements to persuade
:ov. Frank O. Lowden to announce
inicelf as a candidate.
Two women took part in the delibt.
said Governor Harding. "I hope
rations, as holders of proxies and
heir assistance was sought in all the
lolngs of the meetings. Mrs. Medill
.IeCormick of Iirnci . Chairman of
.voman's executive coi mittce, read a
on? report outlining plans ror woman's
organizations In every State
md for the active participation of \volen
in the national affairs of the
?arty. j
Governor Beekman of Rhode Island
efirred to the recent victory of the
tepublicans in the congressional elccion
and said that the people of the
\Torth were tired of paying 90 per cent
>f the taxes and having it expended
>y the minority of the South, which
om'nated the Democratic national
ldministration. Governor Burnquist of
Minnesota, denounced Bolshevism,
r.archy, and Socialism and said the
tope of the country for the future was
11 the election ol a Republican presiIcnt.
He spoke of the activity of the
* * VT
ion-Partisan Liea^ue m me nuum.ioi
md said the sympathy of the Dcmoratic
party had been with that organization.
Governor Harding: of Iowa criticised
the Democratic national adminstrat'on
for its extravagance and inefficiency,
and referred to W. G. McAdoo,
federal director of railroads, as
'the crown prince."
"This is too big and too great a
ountry to be ruled by one corner of
he Republican congress will see that
the railroads are returned to their
owners without delay."
Congressman Royal Johnson of
South Dakota, who appeared in the
uniform of an army officer, and
othera made similar addresses.
The committee gave Chairman
Hays a vote of confidence and authorized
him to name an executive and
other committees at his discretion.
The committee settled a contest
over the national committeeship in
Louisiana, which has been pending
since the last Republican national
convention in 1916, by seating Emil
Kuntz. a negro. F. C. Labitt was the
unsuccessful contestant. Both factions
agreed to abide by the decision
of the committee.
The British Crown Jewels. Crown
jewels have been brought out of their
war-time hiding place and returned to
the Tower of London, says a London
cable. They were not paraded back. In
fact, the removal was so infoimal and
(lu.et that no one, perhaps, who saw a
couple of automobiks containing two
nrniv officers in silk hats and frock
coats and two soldiers in black over- ,
coats and derbies suspected that they!
wiie carrying J30,000,00a worth of
jewelry.
A peep into one of the cars would
have revealed a cardboard h^tbox, but
the p eper wouldn't have known that
it concealed the Imperial state crown.
Nor would he have guessed that the
piece of rough, heavy, red cloth he was
sc ing covered the royal sceptre with
its famous Cullinan diamond. In insign
ficant looking boxes and parcels
were the other crowns, coronets, orbs
and the rest of the royal regalia.
Windsor Castle, about twenty-five!
miks from London, became the repository
for the jewels soon after Gc rman
aircraft began to bomb the metropo- |
lis. They wore placed in a thick wall- j
ed stone vault.
THE DOMINIE'S STORY
Thougtit Much of His Boys and
Little of Himself
*
NOT VEI.Y MUCH OF A TALKER
Preacher in Battle Is More Than
Worth Whiie. Esoeciallv a Preacher
Who Was There to Help?Marines
Considered Their Doc Had the Right
Kind of Courage.
"Dominies" are not much heard of
these days of fancy titles, but when
the time comes to describe some heroic
deed done by a man uniformed in
nothing but rugged, indomitable courage,
why then "Dominie" is a mighty
useful and completely satisfactory,
word. When the Hun was at the gatesof
Paris and the battle of Chateaux
Thierry poured out its wealth of herOstories
about the Americans and theii*
immortal stand, even in those days oaf
story could make Itself heard. It was
about "Dominie" Clifford, the man who
dragged his .wounded colonel four hundred
yards through a stubble-field, in
a eras-mask, "amid bursting shell and
rifle-bullets ripping up his clothes
a little grey-haired Shotchman about'
flfty-flve years old, with a decided objection
to talk about himself. When
cornered he talked about the marines
in this way: One night about ten .
years ago in a little town in the WeSt
Indies where he was a missionary he ,
bumped into three drunken marines
Just as an "M. P." hove in sight; -so he
promptly took them into his care. <
One of them he specially cared for an<T
the boy braced up, then he lost sight i
of him. After ten years came Verdun, I
where he bumped into a staggering
marine. Staring at the "Dominie" between
hiccups he said; "Hello, ole
fren. You don't know me, do you?"
The "Dominie" didn't. "So thash the
wa' yu' ferget yer ole frens, ish it?"
Continuing, "Shay, don't you remem- j
ber that guy you got to Bbign the f
pledge back in the ole West Indies ten
years ago?" The "Dominie" did; that
marine has now earned two stripes
and is still going strong. He couldn't
forget the "Dominie." The way such
men adapt themselves to circum- ,
stances Is told In The Independent,
which we continue to quotes
"Then there was Van," the doctor said. ,
"Day before yesterday at Luzy I met
Van. I have been trying to help him quit
just couldn't do it I came on him ^
laying in the corner of a fence wounded
seriously. He wanted a cigarette.
I knew it woudn't hurt him, so I lit
the first cigarette that I've lit in forty 1
years and put in his mouth. I don't
know as I ought to have done it, but 1
just naturally couldn't go by and leave
that kid o' mine hungry for a cigarette
while he was a-waiting for the ambulance.
Do you think I did right?"
"It wmfld have been a crime if yew >
hadn't done it," I said to him.
"Van looked up," said the doctor
s'owly and with tears in his eyes.
"Van looked up at me and said, 'Doc,
I know you hate 'em, and yet you are
b'g enough to light a cigarette for me.
God bless you. Doc, and If I ever get
well and get my strength I'll quit 'em,
so help me God!' "
"Do you think he will?" I asked.
"No," said the doctor, "I buried
him the next day."
Then we tried tactfully to lead him
back to his heroism, but he evaded
that part and said, "I must tell you
about the trick the boys played on me.
"One afternoon when I was out
they stole my coat and my cap and
took off all my Y. M. C. A. buttons
and put marine buttons in their place.
I knew It was against the rules to
wear thorn, but when I came in I
didn't notice it and went to the officers'
moss with them on. The colonel calls
me 'Padre,' the major calls me Chaplain,
and the boys call me 'Doc' you
know," he said smiling'.
"Well, the colonel loked at me funny
like and he said, 'Well, Padre, I see
vou've joined the marines for sure
now, and have the buttons and all.
i wiiii yuu,
"I wns embarrassed and said, 'I'll
pro home, sir, and take them off. I
didn't know they were on
" 'Who put them on, Padre?'
" 'The boys, sir.'
" 'Well if the boys put them on they
want them on, 30 on they stay,' the
colonel said to me.'
The marvelous effect and influence
such men have upon other men are
toid in a touching incident, which
ought to shame some of us at home
who can see no good thing save in our
little "ism." It was the last communion
before a great and fierce
fight:
"The boys themselves asked for it.
They knew the big fight was on the
next dav and thev asked if we might
not have a communion service. I went
and got some of that 'van rubbish' as
I call It: the French call it 'vin rouge,'
and it being the best we could get, we
had our communion with It. I told the
boys what we were going to do and
that any who did not want to partake
of the Lord's Supper could.leave. Not
a single soldier left.
'I took note of them and nine Catholics
partook, thirteen Methodists, three
Christian Scientists, n'ne Baptists,
three Lutherans, three Congregationalists.
two Episcopalians, one Hebrew,
and twenty-three who did not profess
any religion. Five of these took a definite
stand for the Christ in that
mreting. The next day most of them
were dead."
He was subdued for a few minutes
and we couldn't get him to talk. He
vas tninKing or inose aeaa noys or ms.
Then he reached Into his pocket and
milled out an envelope. Reaching into
that envelope he pulled out a flve-dollar
gold piece.
I took it in my hands and waited for
a story, for the moment forgetting
even myse'f that the old fellow was
still evadihg his heroic deed.
The hoy that gave me that I saw
just before the big fight. I passed
him as he went clown under the camouflage
into a communication-trench.
He said, 'Doe, got any cigarettes?'
"I had tried to get him to stop
smoking, but couldn't resist the desire
to give him some. Tt might be my last
chance to serve him. I pitched him
a whole package.
"'Thanks, Doc; you're a good scout.'
Then he came back, handed me that
five-dollar gold piece and said, 'Doc,
take that. If anything happens to me.
send It to mother.' "
"Did he get out all right?" I queried
anxiously, for I knew that only a few
of the boys who had taken that strategic
village had gotton out.
"I am sending the gold piece to his
mother this afternoon, along with a
letter telling her of his heroic death,"
he said quietly.
That lad died a strange way; all one
morning he'd been in the thick of it,
then his major was wounded, the boy
went back for help, passed all safely
till a splinter hit his belt and he went
down to dfeath shot by his own bullets.
But all this, interesting as it wi h,
was not what the Interviewers wanted;
they wanted the "Dominie's" storj; at
last promising not to "spread on the
taffy," they got the tale. Here It Is:
Then followed as simple a statement
as a Scotch dominie (economical with
anything, espcclalaly words) could tell.
of how he and Mr, Gibbons, the newspaper
reporters whom the press later
eulogized for having gone over the top
with the marines, were waiting in the
major's tent. They were to go down
front The major went off with the
reporter and told the Dominie to follow
with his orderly, a young lieutenant
The major and the reporter
were barely out of sight when a runner
came in with the news that the
colonel was wounded seriously and
was lying in an abandoned trench on
the other side of the town, about tour
miles away at the far end of a wheat
field.
AMERICAN AVIATION.
iUnited States Leads the World in Flyers
and Machines.
. Marvels of aviation development in
the United States during the war are
"more like a fairy tale than the statement
of hard facts which it is in reality"
were described by Major General
George O. Squier, chief signal officer
of the United States army, in an adaddress
before the American institute
Jjf electrical engineers in New York
last Friday night
The radio-phone, an invention which
enable the American squadron commanders
to direct and control by voice
the movement of individual units, who
in turn helped Allied artillerymen to
Bllence the German guns, was extolled
as one of t he greatest devices of
the war. The production of 14,000
Liberty motors up to November 11
last, with an equivalent of 5,700,000
horsepower, was cited as another remarkable
achievement
. General Squier, in the course of his
address, told of interesting experiments
conducted by the signal corps
5n aerology to aid the American expeditionary
forces. It was ascertained
from these, he said, that above 10,000
feet 95 per cent of the winds are from
West to east and often attain veloclr!es
of 100 miles an hour. On November
6, 1918, at Chattanooga, Tenn.,
fl^-saM, a velocity of 154 miles an hour
was observed at a height of 28,000
feet
Another scientific accomplishment
of the air service, the speaker said,
was a production of helinum, a nonnflamable
gas, in quantities sufficient
-* 1 11-. TT-. I
lur uoiiuuii uae. no piouioiou w,o,l
with its use safe trans-Atlantic travel '
in dirigibles would become common- (
place. i
Attributing to causes "some mill- I
tary, some civil" the fact that the '
United States "had qply a handful of <
iliers" when war was declared, Gen- '
jral Squier asserted that 8,600 aviators
had been trained in this country
when the armistice was signed, with >
a toll of fatalities "astonishingly few," i
about one to every 3,200 hours of fly- ?
ing. At the same time, he stated, 350 1
lirms, employing 200,000 persons, were 1
engaged in the production of air- I
planes. I
The government decided at the out- i
jet, General Squier said, not only "to '
supply the American air fighters with 1
as good, if not better, planes than
those used by the enemy, but to send <
into the field American aviators who 1
would be as good, if not better, than 1
those of the enemy. " In this effort i
he said, the most rigid scientific tests '
were applied, revealing, among other t
tacts, that 61 per cent of the candidates
were capable of flying to 20,000
feet or more, 25 per cent should not
fly above 15,000 l'eet, and 14 per cent
were unsafe above 8,000 feet.
NEW bKlTiSri CABINET
,-remier .Organizes .Government .of
Strongest Men in Empire *
The new cabinet of Freuner Lloyu
-recite was announced Friuay nignt,
-ays a Lonuon uispatch. it presents
a lew surprises. The question tne
iJritish newspapers are asiting is
w'nether Mr. Laoyd George will rule
uia cabinet or wnether his conservative
auvisers will nominate him.
i'ne majority of tne numbers of the
cabinet m Mgh places are Conservatives,
notably Andrew Bonar Law,
x^ail Cuik.cn, Arinur J. Balfour ana
* iscount Milner. Only lour years
-Oo uieir party regarueu Mr. cnoyu
w?eorge as tne conservatives touay rei'ai'u
the BoaueViKL
Tne premier is picged by his campaign
spcecnes to a sweeping piooiam
ot .Liberal reforms, particularly
t..n giving of land anu houses to
..or.ung uien anu uiscnargeu soluiers.
nis principal auvisers are repreaenca..
eo ci i no land owing interests who,
.oilovv.ng tiauition, would place barn-is
m tne way of such reforms.
Tne ministers witnout portfolio,
<.orbe Nicoi Barnes and Sir Eric
.avuues, nave important duties tor
.. ? m I
which there are uo cabinet places, air. ,
~.ames will represent labor at the ;
4,eiice congress while Sir Eric has undertaken
the management of domobil.sation.
one innovation Is the selection for
tlie first time of an Inuian as a member
of the government, Sir S. H.
Shina having the p.ace of undersecre.ary
for India. Another Is the appointment
of Cecil Bishop Harms..orth,
brother of Lord Northcliffe, to
succeed Lord Robert Cecil as undersecretary
for foreign affairs.
The new British cabinet will be
eaded by David Lloyd George as premier
and first lord of the treasury.
.t3" A United States senator, a member
of the Populist party, once said that he
had heard Jefferson quoted on every
side of every subject discussed before
that body.
STORY OF 118TH INFANTRY
Interesting Information From Col.
Spratt's Field Orders
CASUALTY LIST SHOWS HLRCIC WORK
Suffering of the Officers Was Unusually
Severe But the Regiment i
Broke the Hindenburg Line and '
Helped End the War.
Through the courtesy of Lieut. Col. I
Thomas B. Spratt, a correspondent has '
been privileged to examine copies of '
held orders covering the instructions to (
the One Hundred and Eiorhteenth In
tan try, Thirtieth Division, composed of (
the troops from South Carolina, and !
reports of the operations of the regi- J
ment between the period from October ,
6 to October 20, the period during ;
which the Hindenburg line was first '
broken by these troops and their ob- '
jectives obtained. There are also original
maps which were used on the held !
showing by annotation the progress '
made by the troops as they went for- (
ward to their objectives.
The orders contain a wealth of de- 1
tail which seem to cover every contin- .
gency from the laying down of the j
first barrage to the disposition of the ;
dead, wounded and prisoners, and .
show the particular duty of each arm
of the service, including artillery, ma- !
chine gun detachments, aeroplanes,
cavalry, water supply, food, first aid,
and all in such accurate detail that j
the mind trained to the business should
find no difficulty in any contingencyThe
mass of this information is staggering
to the lay mind and indicates (
the necessity for skillful training. The
orders originating with the high com- ^
mand come down by grades and are
written usually in all cases except by '
the majors of battalions who assemble
their company commanders and per- 1
3onally go through their orders.
Rtgimsnt Occupies Trenches
The regiment left le Mesnil, where it '
had been stationed for two days fol- (
lowing the operations at Bellicourt on
October 6 and was moved by bus con- :
voy to Ronssoy, marching thence to
the trenches southwest of Nauroy. On !
the same night it proceeded to the vicinity
of Montbrehain and took over ,
the lines of the Twenty-first and the
rwenty-seventh Infantry Battalions '
ind the Second Pioneer Battalion, A. ,
El. F. The line was continually harassed
by artillery fire on both front and j
flanks, but in spite of this the positions
were improved and the lines advanced
in some instances, while a few
prisoners were captured by raids on ^
enemy posts by parties from the Third
Battalion. On the following morning,
with the co-operation of the One Hundred
and Seventeenth Infantry."on the
left, the regiment made an advance of '
1,100 yards on a 70Q yard front, with
the aid of a creeping barrage, and suffered
few casualties in the operation,
rhis operation was for the purpose of
straightening out the line and provid- I
Ing a jumping off place for an attack
planned for October 8.
The orders for this attack came late
ind, in the absence of Colonel Wolfe,
were issued to the majors by Lieutenant
Colonel Spratt, who spent the whole
light in the preparation in order that
there should be no delay. However,
there was little time after the receipt
of the orders since the attack was to
begin at 6 o'clock in the morning.
Break Hindenburg Line
Shortly after this hour the regiment
attacked with the Sixth British Division
on the right and the One Hun- 1
Ired and Seventeenth Infantry on the
left and breaking through the Hinden- 1
burg line advanced to a depth of 5,800 <
yards on a front of 2,500 yards, cap- 1
turing the village of Brancourt, the 1
lormal objective, and the high ground <
I J 1
Dtiyuiiu uil a iwu uaiuiiiuii nunc, mo j
latter being the contingent objective. 1
rhe advance was assisted by tanks and
irtillery barrage. The advance of the 1
left battalion was steady, but the ad- 1
/ance of the right was held up tempo- <
rarily by fierce resistance In Brancourt. 1
rhe normal objective was reached by
the First Battalion about 8.30 in the iiorning,
while the contingent objec- :
tlve was reached about 12-30 in the 1
ifternoon. The enemy resistance was mainly
of machine gun fire and artil- <
lery, the latter In some instances firing <
jver open sights at the adva; ing Infantry.
In this operation the regiment ^
captured 16 officers and 750 men and <
fix square miles of territory. The regiment
suffered severely in casualties
swing to the difficulties to be over- 1
:ome ana to tne spirit ana entnusiasm
if the men who went forward to their
objectives with entire disregard of exposure
or impediment.
The casualty list shows the names of
the following commissioned officers
killed in action: Capt. A. Zane Pyles,
regimental adjutant; Capt. William W.
Tones of Company L, First Lieut. W.
Hudgens, adjutant Third Battalion;
First Lieut. P. B. N. Earle of Company
M, First Lieut. William A. Mulloy of
rompany I, First Lieut. George F.
Read of Company F, First Lieut. Wiliam
K. Krampton of Company D, Second
Lieut. Henry J. Erown of Company
M, Second Lieut. Koper E. Farmer
of Company K, Second Lieut. Tillman
H. Smith of Company F, Second
Lieut. William O. Stevenson of Company
A, Second Lieut. William M.
Tones of Headquarters company and
3econd Lieut. Charles Roehrig of Company
L.
Those wounded or gassed were MaJ.
Heyward Mahon, Jr., commanding the
First Eattalion; Major J. H. Howell,
oommanding the Third Battalion;
Lieut. Paul E. Bradshaw, adjutant, '
First Battalion; Lieut. S. M. Willis of
Company A, Capt. Louts L. Ligon of
Company B, who commanded the First
Battalion after Major Mahon was i
wounded;; Capt. Arthur Lee of Com- ;
pany C, who commanded the First Battalion
after Cantain Lieon was wound
ed; Captain J. D. Crawford of Company
D, Capt. Samuel W. Parks of Company
G. who wa3 succeeded In turn as
they were wounded by Lieut- Dozlcr
and First Sergeant Frederick Nims;
Lieut. J. H. Wiggs of Company H,
Capt. Robt. W. Hudgens of Headquarters
company, Lieut. George O. Bailey,
commanding the machine gun company.
Wounded or Gasred
Others wounded by shell fire, rifle
bullet or gas were as follows: First
Lieut. Richard S. Gessford of Company
r irsi j_.ieut. james Anaerson, inieui- ,
gence officer of Third Battalion; First <
Lieut Harry E. Wlckes of Company L, 1
First Lieut Henry E. Ruhl of Head- j
quarters company, First JJeut Sam J. j i
Royall of Headquarters company, j <
First Lieut James C. Dozier of Com- I
pany G, First Lieut James E. Schwing <
of Headquarters company, First Lieut 1
G. A. Neuffer, Machine Gun company; 1
Second L'.eut John B. Howard of ]
Company H, Second Lieut D. T. Smith
of Company G, Second Lieut Zebulon 1
Thornburg of Company F, Second i
Lieut Paul F. Newell of Company G, <
Second Lieut. Edgar L. McNeil, Ma- t
chine Gun company; Second Lieut
Jess M. Barton of Headquarters company.
Second Lieut Jerry B. Fenton of
Company D, Second Lieut Carl T. '
Prause of Company I, Capt Fred E.
Stewart, adjutant, Signal Battalion;
First Lieut W. W. Win go, Headquarters
company; First Lieut Paul C.
Bradshaw, adjutant First Battalion;
First Lieut Harry O. Kessenlch, Headquarters
company; First Lieut. Joe T.
Smith of Company L, First Lieut Henry
P. Ledford, M. R. E.; First Lieut.
Burman E. Moore, M. R. E.; First
Lieut John H. Wiggs of Company H,
Second Lieut. Alfred O'Neal of Company
H, Second Lieut Atlas M. Pickett
of Company D, Second Lieut Robert
M. Mazcy of Company L, Capt. L.* L
Ligon, First Fattalion; First Lieut Edwin
L. Hughes of Company A, First
Lieut. Sweany I. Black mar of Company
B, First Lieut. George C. Bailey,
Machine Gun company; First Lieut.
Wallace D. Wilkinson of Machine Gun
:ompany; First Lieut David E. Penland
of Company F, and First Lieut
Job B. Kooh of Company E.
Captain Gillespie Promoted.
Company E was commanded by
CJapt Richard E. Fulp during the first
fight and later by Lieut. Lawlor, Captain
Fulp having been sent to the staff
school to take a special course in staff
work. This is the only combat comDany
that did not lose its commanding
officer, and the Second Battalion, commanded
by Major Lindsay McFadden
of Rock Hill, is the only battalion that
did not lose both Its major and adjutant
Captain Gillespie succeeded Ma|or
Howell in command of the Third
Battalion and was recommended for
promotion to be major; Captain L. L.
Ligon succeeded Major Mahon in command
of the First battalion and when
be was gassed was succeeded hy Cagt
Arthur Lee. Capt W. D. Workman,
who had been a major and acted as
brigade adjutant of the Sixtieth Brigade,
was later assigned to command
this battalion.
Capt Ralph J. Ramer of Anderson,
the popular and efficient commander
>f the machine gun company, was detailed
as a special instructor in the
irmy school of the line and the machine
gun company was commanded
by Lieut George C. Bailey. The Headquarters
company, commanded by
Capt Robert W. Hudgens, suffered
very heavy casualties, and the differ
Bill specially trained men were unaoa
with rifles and sent' to reinforce the
depleted Infantry companies. Captain
Hudgens was assigned to the command
of Company O, which had lost all its
jfflcers. He commanded this company
In an able manner during several days
Df the hottest lighting, exposing himself
fearlessly and coming through |
safely. A few days later, while in reg- ,
imental headquarters in Bohain, Capt
Hudgens was severely wounded by a
shell which at the same time killed
Captain Pyles and Lieut. M. W. Jones
ind wounded Lieut Royal.
Unwounded Officers
To those who were familiar with the
personnel of the One Hundred and
Eighteenth Infantry the following roster
of the commanding and staff offlMmolnlnff
mhon lh? rftffimpnt wan
withdrawn from the fight will be of Interest:
Col. Orris R. Wolfe; Lieut
Col. Thomas B. Spratt, Major James E.
Poor*, regimental surgeon; Capt
Francis J. Beatty, adjutant; Captain
William F. Murrage, personnel adjutant;
Capt Francis M. Mack, operations
officer; Lieut John S. Lyons,
chaplain; First Battalion officers, Maj.
W. D. Workman, commanding; Second
Lieut Doolittle of Company A, First I
Lieut Matthews of Company B, First
Lieut. Kephardt of Company C, First
Lieut. Graves of Company D; Second 1
Battalion, Maj. Lindsay McFadden, 1
commanding; First Lieut Lawlor of i
Company E, First Lieut Wister W. ]
Watkins of Company F, First Lieut
S'ewell of Company G, first lieutenant 1
}f Company H; Third Battalion, Major i
W. L. Gillespie, commanding; First i
Lieutenant Cobb of Company I, First {
Lieut. Ellison S. Blake of Company K, t
Second Lieut. Dwyer of Company L,
First Lieut Porter of Company M; i
rleadquarters company, First Lieut, i
Beers; Machine Gun company, Second ]
Lieutenant Phillips; Supply company, <
rapt Robert T. Erown. This decimal.- j
-J * ' - *1 4 -t .4 4U? 4lMA *V?
.'u rosier is turn siiown ?i me uuie uic
regiment was withdrawn on October
20th.
After the opening flght on October
2, the regiment proceeded forward on
October 9, making headway, though
lomewhat retarded as a result of the
ilow progress of the English on their
ight. Their objectives were reached
>vith the capture of 200 prisoners and
Ive square miles of territory.
During the operations of October 11
treat resistance was encountered and
It was evident that the enemy intendsd
to hold his line at all costs. Prisonjrs
reported that the hills were full of
machine gun nests and at the time the
egiment was- not prepared with proper
artillery support for the combat, as
It was a case of rifles agalpst machine
guns. However, two square miles of'
territory were gained and the regiment
was relieved for a rest and reorganiza- j
tion until the night of October 16. j
Work of Third Battalion. ,
On the morning of October 17 the 1
regiment attacked again on a thousand ; t
yard front and in the dense fog of that' j
morning a part of the Third Battalion |
lost its direction, strayed too far to the j
right and got into the town of Molain, f
which they captured from the enemy <
and later turned over to the British. 11
The Second Eattalion came up mean- | <
while and assisted the Third in taking i
the town of Et. Martin Rivere, and the i
latter proceeded to within 600 yards of, i
its objective, but was forced to fall i
back by the unusually heavy gun fire, j
Progress was made to the objectives'
and the report indicates that in thej
operations from October 6 to October i
20 the Thirtieth Division penetrated to
a depth of over 18,000 yards, 18,000
r
yuruo 01 wmcn waa maae wnue uio
One Hundred and Eighteenth Infantry
was in the first lino.
The First Battalion lost 12 officers
and 479 men; the Second Battalion, 12
afflcers and 624 men; the Third Battalion,
16 officers and S14 men; Headluarters
company, 10 officers and 232 '
men; Machine Qun company, four officers
and 48 men, and the Supply company
two men.
Field orders issued by the commanding
officers are full of praise and commendation
for the troops whose ac:omDliahments
are described as wor.
thy for the generations to follow.
TO HELP THE NEAR EAST
South Carolina's Part Is Two Hundrod
Thousand Dollars.
South Carolina's allotment of the
130,000,000 for which the American
Committee for Relief in the Near East
s asking the people of the United
3tates for the folk of Asia Minor Is
1200,000. The drive for the amount Is
icheduled for the week of January 12
:o 19, in every county In South Caroina.
Tork county's proportion of the total
:ontrlbuted is 39,500, and Rev. J. L.
Dates of Torkville, is chairman of the
:ampalgn in this county.
The state organisation, which was t
innounced some time ago, consists of
i state chairman, William Banks Dove,
lecretary of state; state publicity dl ector,
William J. Cormack of Columbia.
and state treasurer. El O. Black of
Columbia. The executive committee ie
:omposed of Dr. R. C. Reed, Hu(h R.
dure hi son, William Banks, Mrs. Chrtsie
Benet, Mrs. W. C. Cathcart, William
a. Lyles and Dr. Reed Smith, all of
Columbia.
The Immediate direction of the
:ounty campaign Is in charge of direcors
of each congreesiona 1 district
rhey are: George H. Moffett of Char*
eston, First district; George h. Toole
>f Aiken, 8econd district; I* Q. BoUenan
of Anderson, Third district; R- E.
Boggs of Spartanburg, Fourth district;
EL C. Burts of Rock Hill, FUth district;
J. M. Lynch of Florend, Sixth
listrlet; and William-Banks of Colum3
la, Seventh district The district directors
have appointed or are appointing
in their respective territories, coun:y
chairmen, county publicity managers
and county treasurer.
In addition to the foregoing, the
ivomen, under the immediate supervision
of Mrs. Christie Benet of Columbia,
as chairman, and Mrs W. C.
Cathcart of Columbia, as executive
lecretary, are being organised throughjut
the state. Mrs. Cathcart, who has
Deen in correspondence "with women
hroughout the state, stated Friday
hat the women's organisation is prsc:ically
completed in nearly all the
:ountles and that the women, as Is
customary with them, are enthusiastic
over the movement
State -Director Carlton and State
Chairman Dove are ee again# ever the
prospects of a successful consummation
of the "drive." The encouragenent
they are receiving throughout
Lhe state leads them to believe that
South Carolina will more than subicribe
Its quota of $100,000. Meetings
save been held In various parts of the
itate at which the people have vtnted eg
heir enthuslam for the great phlnlanhropy.
"1 am very its''led at the manner '
n which South Carolina Is responding
jo the philanthropic movement for reief
of the people of the Near East,
vhose sufferings have been great," said
Mr. Carlton. "I haave traveled in every
part of the state during the past few
veeks in furtherance of the movement
ind I can unhesitatingly say that no
itate Is more enthusiastic over this
:ause than Is South Carolina. Some of
;he leading and forward looking men
>f the state have practically given up
;helr large businesses and are working
'or the movement, and with such force
ind stimulus behind the solicitation
for relief I am satisfied that South
Carolina la 'going over me top wiu? a
-ush." ?
MAIL F0R*S0LDIER8.
Large Quantities of Undelivered Let- ~~
ters Accumulated
From eight to ten carloads of mall
.'or American soldiers are undelivered
n France, Second Assistant Postmaaer
General Praeger told the senate
xwtofflce committee Friday, and
'thousands and probably millions" of
etters addressed to the men overseas
will arrive in New York soon to be
?ent to the dead letter office where an
ittempt will be made to return them
n the writers.
Blame for the failure to deliver this
nail was placed on the war departnent
by Mr. Praeger, who again exila.nt.fl
that the army authorities hanlle
all soldiers' mall in France the
jostofflce department delivering outgoing
mail at Hoboken and receiving
eturning mail at the French ports.
Mr. Praeger said one way to im>rove
conditions overseas would be to
lend a force of experienced mail
:lerks to France to deliver the mall to
he soldiers.
Mr. Praeger told the committee that
>ne reason for the confusion In the
lelivery of mail to soldiers was the
'allure of the war department to keep
lp its index system. This same cause,
-- * 1 1 ? a lan ra?nnn*lhU for
IC UtXIAlcu, noa iuov ...
he department's delay In sending out
illotments to soldiers and In reportng
casualties.
Another source of delay In deliverng
mall promptly, he said, was the
:ransferring of units of troops from
>ne point to another, but he said this
should cause only a few days' delay.
Asked what facilities the war department
had for handling mall, Mr.
Praeger said about 50 experienced
nail clerks were sent by that departnent
overseas while the remainder of
:he necessary force for this work was
nade up of Inexperienced men.
The second assistant postmaster
general appeared before the committee
to urge appropriations of 13,000, )00
for the maintenance and development
of the air mall service. He predicted
a great future for this service
ind declared extensive plans ror developing
aerial mall facilities are being
made by France, England and Canada,
the latter now planning the establishment
of an airplane route connecting
Montreal with Boston.
Extension of the present air mall
service between Washington and New
York so as to connect Boston with
Atlanta is planned, Mr. Praeger said.