Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, January 10, 1919, Image 1
1
ISSUED SEMI-WEEKLY. j
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established 1855 YORK, S. C. FRIDAY. JANUARY 10, li?t9. JJO. 8~ \
COL. THEODORE ROOSEVELT
ni- ?? ?l a Ctunnnniic
loienauuy ruosea ui a oucuuuuo
Life
. SOLDIER, STATESMAN AND PATRIOT
Won High Distinction as a Young Man
and Continued to Do Things All His
Life Youngest President of the
United States Fought in the War
With Spain and Wanted to Take a
Division to Europe.
Called to the White House in 1901
after President McKinley had been assassinated,
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt,
42 years old, was the youngest
president the United States has ever
had. Three years later he was elected
as president by the largest popular
*
voie a presiueni una icv?>cu.
Thus Roosevelt, sometimes called a
man of destiny, served for seven years
as the nation's chief magistrate. In a
subsequent decade the fortunes of politics
did not favor him, for, again a
candidate for president this time
leading the Progressive party which
he himself had organized when he
differed radically with some of the
policies of the Republican party in
1912 he went down to defeat, together
with the Republican candidate,
William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson,
Democrat, was elected.
Colonel Roosevelt's enemies agreed
with his friends thit nis lire, nis cnaracter
and his writings represented a
high type of Americanism.
Of Dutch ancestry, bcrn in New
York city on October 27, 1858, in a
house in east Twentieth street, the
baby Theodore was a weakling. He
was one of four children who came to
Theodore and Martha Bulloch Roosevelt.
The mother was of southern
stock and the father of northern, a
situation which during the early years
of Theodore, Junior's boyhood was
not allowed to interfere with the family
life of those children during the
Civil war daya
Was FraH Boy.
So frail that lie was not privileged
to associate with the other boys in his
neighborhood, Rooesevelt was tutored
privately in New York and during
travels' on which his parents took the
children abroad. A porch gymnasium
at his home provided him with physical
exercise with which he combatted
a troublesome asthma. His father, a
glass importer and a man of means,
a a ^ I . U ?
WUS ms CUI1SU1I11 vvmyai lull, ncyi
a diary; he read so much history and
fictional books of adventure that he
was known as a bookworm; he took
boxing lessons; he was an amateur
naturalist; and at the age of 17 he
entered Harvard university. There he
was not as prominent as some others
,^ . in an athletic way, as it is not . recorded
that he "made" the baseball
and football teams, but his puny body
had undergone a metamorphosis and
before graduation he became one of
the champion boxers of the collegeThis
remarkable physical development
was emphasized by something which
took place shortly after he left Harvard
in 1880. He went to Europe,
climbed the Matterhorn, and as a result
was elected a member of the Alpine
club of London an organization
of men who had performed notable
feats of adventure.
A few months after his graduation,
Roosevelt married Miss Alice Lee of
Boston. She died in 1884, leaving one
child, Alice, now the wife of Representative
Nicholas Longworth of Ohio.
1886 Roosevelt married Miss Edith
Kermit Carow, of New York, and to
them five children were born Edith,
now the wife of Dr. Richard Derby,
and four sons, Theodore, Jr., Kermit,
Archibald and Quentin.
The public career of the man who
was to become president began not
long after he left college. His profesk
slon was law, but the activities that
were to come left him no time in
which to practice it. In 1882, 1883
and 1884 he was elected to the New
York state assembly, where his efforts
on behalf of good government and civil
service reform attracted attention.
When the Republican national convention
of 1884 was held in Chicago, he
was chairman of the New York state
delegation.
After this experience he dropped
out of politics for two years. Going
west, he purchased ranches along the
Little Missouri river, in North Dakota,
and divided his time between
outdoor sports, particularly hunting,
and literary work. Here he laid the
foundation for his series of books,
"The Winning of the West," which was
published from 1889 to 1896, t.nd of
other volumes of kindred character.
Seeks New York Mayorship.
Returning to New York he became
the Republican candidate for mayor,
in 1886. He was defeated. President
Harrison in 1889 appointed him a
member of the United States civil service
commission and President Cleve
land continued him in this office,
which he resigned in 1895 to become
New York's city police commissioner.
"A thing that attracted me to this
office," Roosevelt said at the time he
accepted this appointment, "was that
it was to be done in the hurly-burly,
for I don't like the cloister life-" Honesty
was the watchword of this administration,
and the two years of his occupancy
became memorable through
s- the reforms he inaugurated, attract
ing the nation's attention while holding
a position which was obscure in
comparison with the events to come.
Illicit liquor traffic, gambling, vice in
general of these evils he purged the
city in the face of corrupt political opposition,
and the reputation he established
as a reformer won him the personal
selection by President McKinley
as assistant secretary of the navy,
in 1897. A year later the SpanishAmerican
war broke out
The Roosevelt temperament did not
allow the man to retain a deputy cabinet
position with war offering something
more exciting. Leonard Wood,
now a major general, was then President
McKinley's physician and one of
Roosevelt's staunchest friends.
The famous Rough Riders were organized
by Wood and Roosevelt a
band of fighting men, mention of whose
name today suggests immediately the
word "Roosevelt." They came out ol
the west plainsmen, miners, rough
and ready fighters who were natural
marksmen, and Wood became their
colonel and 'Teddy," as he had become
familiarly called by the public, their
lieutenant colonel. In company with
the regulars of the army they took
transports to Cuba, landed at Santiago,
and were soon engaged in tnc tnick of \
battle. Among the promotions which |
his hardy regiment's gallantry brought
about were those of Wood to brigadier
general and Roosevelt to colonel and
this title Theodore Roosevelt cherished
until the end. Some of the Rough Riders
formed the military escort when he
.was elected president a few years later..
When Cuba had been liberated, J
Roosevelt returned to New xorK. ai
gubernatorial campaign was in swing, |
with the Republican party in need of [
a capable candidate. Roosevelt was;
nominated. Van Wyck, his Democratic
opponent, was defeated. The refornio
Roosevelt had favored as assemblyman
he now had the opportunity to consummate,
together with others of more
importance, and it was during this ad'
ministration that he is said first to
have earned the hostility of corporations.
When the Republican national i
convention was held in Philadelphia in
1900 his party in New York state demanded
and attained his nomination
for vice president on the ticket with
William McKinley. In November of
that year this ticket was electedThe
policies of McKinley, Roosevelt
endeavored to carry dut after he succeeded
the former upon the presi- i
dent's tragic death at the hand of an (
assassin. Roosevelt retained his pre- i
decessor's cabinet as bis own ana ne
kept- in office the ambassadors and
ministers whom McKinley had ap- ,
pointed. As much as two years before
the presidential campaign of 1904 Republican
organizations in various states
began endorsing him as their next :
candidate.
It was thus that "the man of destiny"
idea became associated with his
life. Ostensibly, Roosevelt, leaving the
governorship of New York to become
vice president, was moving forward
from state politics into national poli- (
tics, so his political opponents professed
publicly to believe; but it was their
secret desire to "shelve" the man and ,
eliminate him from prominence in
their own community, it was said, that
prompted these political foes to obtain
for him the vice presidential nomina- ,
tion, which he personally did not desire.
i
At the height of his public and political
career, during the four years of
the term for which he had been elected,
Roosevelt accomplished achievements
which historians will rank high j
in the international and industrial pro- ,
gress of the country. They included
his influential negotiations, conducted
at Portsmouth, N. H., effected peace
between Russia and Japan; m^inten- i
ance or me Monroe aocinne ai a period
when European powers were in- terested
in the affairs of Venezuela;
the recognition of fanama as a republic,
and his treaty with Panama, by
which the inter-oceanic canal through
that country was put under way; and
the settlement through his moral Influence
in the face of a situation in which
there was no adequate Federal legis- ,
lation, of the Pennsylvania coal mine
strike. For his part in terminating the
I Russo-Japanese conflict he was award- (
ed the N'obel peace prize in 1906. ,
Four years later, once more a private
citizen, he was special ambassador
from the United States at the funeral
of King Edward VJJ of England.
Breaks With Taft.
A rift in the friendship between
Roosevelt and his successor as president
William Howard Taft, led to
the former's announcement of his opposition
to Mr. Taft's renomination.
The ex-president's influence had been
large in placing Mr. Taft in the White
House. Now his influence was equally
strong in preventing Mr. Taft from remaining
there. Men who had clashed
with the Taft policies quickly rallied to
Roosevelt's support- Roosevelt assembled
what he termed as constructive
ideas as opposed to the conservative
ones of the so-called Republican "Old
Guard," characterized them with the
description "pr )gressive" and organized
the Progres ive party by withdrawing
with his fo lowers from the Chicago
convention of 1912. He became the
new party's candidate for president.
This split in the Republican ranks resulted
in Woodrow Wilson's election.
One of the most dramatic incidents
in Roosevelt's life occurred during this
campaign. As he was leaving a hotel
in Milwaukee, to go to a meeting hall
to make a political address, a man
standing among the spectators in the
street, flred a shot which struck th(
colonel and smashed a rib. Roosevelt
his automobile conveyed him to the
hall. There he spoke to an audience
which had knowledge of what had happened sobbing
women and grave-faced
men shaken with emotion by his appearance
under such circumstances.
Examination of the wound showed it
was serious and the candidate was hurried
by special train to Chicago for
treatment. Though he speedily recovered
the bullet was never removed.
The assassin was sent to an asylum for
the insane.
Roosevelt after leaving the White
House devoted his life largely to literrary
work, hunting and exploration.
He became contributing editor to the
Outlook in 1009, continuing this for
five years, and later held editorial positions
with the Metropolitan and the
Kansas City Star. From 18S2 to 1917
he published about fifty volumes of
works covering the wide range of naval
history, hunting, biography, th<>
Rough Riders, Americanism, nationalism,
conservation of womanhood and
childhood, animals, exploration, the
world war and America's participation
in it, and his autobiography. His hunts
for big game and his zest for exploration
took him into the American west,
the heart of Africa and the wilderness
nf Rrnzil
Upon his return from his African
journey a return during which he
made triumphant entries into European
capitals and was received by nations'
rulers, including the emperor of
Germany he arrived in Xew York to
experience what was generally conceded
to be the greatest ovation an American
private citizen was ever accorded
by the people of his country. This was
in 1910. At the head of an exploring
i party in South America in 1914 he disi
covered and followed for 600 miles a
! | Madeira river tributary which the Brazilian
government subsequently named,
in his honor, Reo Theodoro. This was .
the famous "River of Doubt," so-called
because in many, quarters considered
authoritative it was questioned whether
Roosevelt was the first man to explore
the stream- During this Journey
the president contracted a jungle fever
which was held indirectly responsible
for tho alscesses which developed malignantly
and required several opera
tions at the Roosevelt hospital in New
York city, in 1918.
Heard In Many Lands.
Theodore Roosevelt, besides being a
prolific writer, lectured and made public
speeches extensively, not only in his
own country, but in England, Spain,
South America and other parts of the
world. The facility with which he made
political enemies and followers made
him a marked man for both the bitter
and friendly attention of cartoonists
and paragraphers. Quaint and picturesque
phrases were coined liberally by
him and by others concerning him.
"Speak softly and use the big stick,"
"weasel words," "pussy-foot," "mollycoddle,"
and "my hat is in the ring,"
were some of the Roosevelt expressions
which attained wide publicity.
The strenuous physical activities in
which Roosevelt engaged at the White
House included boxing. It was not until
about eight years after he left the
White House that it was disclosed that
during one of these bouts, which he
welcomed as a means of keeping him
in fighting trim, a blow landed by a
sparring opponent injured one of the
colonel's eyes. Later blindness of this
eye developed.
In the last years of his life two
aourt suits, in which he figured in one
as plaintiff and in the other as defendant
winning them both, kept
Roosevelt before the public eye. During
the presidential campaign of 1912
a Micnigan euuor cnargeu uuii wim
intoxication. Roosevelt instituted a
suit for libel and marshalled a notable
host of witnesses to testify regarding
his private life and habits. Their
testimony was so overwhlming that
the charge was withdrawn in open
court and the Jury brought in a nominal
verdict of six cents In favor of
the ex-president. William Barnes, Jr.,
of Albany, N. Y., accused Roosevelt in
1914 of uttering libel in a statement
asserting that the "rottenness of the
New York state government was due
directly to the dominance of Tammany
hall in politics, aided by Mr. Barnes
and his followers. At Syracuse, N. Y.,
'0 1915 the jury's verdict acquitted
Roosevelt.
When the European war began
Roosevelt vigorously advocated a policy
of national prepardeness, urging
universal military training for the naion's
youth. In speeches throughout
the country and in his magazine and
newspaper writings he criticized, in
this respect, the politics of Woodrow
Wilson during Mr. Wilson's first term
as president.
Keenly Disappointed.
Mr. Roosevelt, lr has bden said.'v'a?
veeniy aiscippuiiufu wucu uc uiu nui
receive the Republican nomination for
president in 1916. At the same time
however, he refused to follow the advice
of some of his staunchest followers
that he again head the Progressive
party ticket. Instead he prevailed
upon the Progressive party to make
Charles Evans Hughes, the republican
candidate, its own choice. He campaigned
for Mr. Hughes. With the reelection
of Mr. Wilson, and America's
entry into the world war soon after,
Roosevelt immediately supported the
president and bitterly assailed the proC.ermans,
pacifists and other type of
men who attempted to delay speeding
up the war.
With tho United States a belligerent.
Roosevelt endeavored to obtain the
consent of the war department to establish
an army division which he was
anxious to take to France. This division
was to have included many of
the rough riders who were his assoiates
in the campaign in Cuba, and
Younger men of the same strenuous
habits. The necessary premission foi
the formation of such a force was not
"orthcomlng even though Roosevelt
1 f 4a onnnmnnn v ii
2XpreSbru Wlliiu^iicdo iw .%
as a subordinate officer.
One of Roosevelt's participations in
>ublic affairs took him to Washington
;n January 1918, when he conferred
with United States Senator George E.
Chamberlain 01' Oregon and other
members of congress who were critival
of the administration's methods of
prosecuting the war. Roosevelt on this
occasion announcel his support of the
proposal that a war cabinet be organised
to take over the conduct of the
war.
Four Sons in War.
Denied the privilege of fighting for
'lis flag, Theodore Roosevelt's interst
was centered on his family's participation
in the war. His four sons
>nd his son-in-law. Dr. Derby, carried
out a prediction made by the
former piesident before the United
States took up arms that if war came
they would enter service. Theodore.
Ir., became a major and Archibald a
captain both in France: Quentin entered
a French aviation squadron, and
Dr. Derby the medical service, also
both in France. Kermit. failing to
pass a physical examination which
<umii/i n,imit bim to the United States
army, received a commission in the
British army and was socn in Mesopotamia.
Roosevelt took keen pride in the ser"
ice button he wore with five stars.
Talking1 with newspaper men some
months after his hoys had gone abroad,
he told them privately that Theodore
had written him that he had been in
action and that a bullet had struck
his trench helmet and glanced off.
Theodore wrote home, his father said,
that he regretted not being wounded
just for the experience. At the time
of this conversation, public announcement
had just been made that
"Archie" had been jumped in rank
from second lieutenant to captain.
Roosevelt confided with glee to his
listeners that "Archie" had led a rauling
party out into No Man's Land at
- ... . 1,., ,1
night. and tnai me pruiiiuuuu nu.u
boon won l.y gallantry under fire during
this raid. The colonel disclosed
further that Hermit, fight'ng with the
Anglo-Indian forces, also had been
under fire, as the leader of "a troop
of wh'rling Dervishes," Indian cavalry.
Roosevelt's disappointment at not
being allowed to go to France with an
army divis'on was, it may be stated
on the authority of an American citizen
who was in Berlin about that
time, shared by Emperor WUhclm of
Germany. To this American, the emperor
is declared to have stated that
the funniest thing: that he could conjure
in his imagination was the Sight
of Theodore Roosevelt wearing a gas
mask.
THE SPARTACUS GROUP t
Some Facts About Most Extreme $o*
oialists of Germany.
A mysterious group of German E(adsheviki
have recently made their
pearance in the cable dispatches fr^D
Germany, which must have somewfcat 1
puzzled the American rfeader- This is
the Spartacus group, or Spartacides,
and they are, we are told, a party of
extreme Socialists, led by Dr. Lilbknecht
and Rosa Luxenburg, who wish J
to see a proletarian autocracy repine!
tne old military autocracy in l??j
Fatherland. The name, they tell fts
is derived from the fact that early Jn
the war Dr. Liebknecht issued a number
of anti-war pamphlets signed with
the pseudonym "Spartacus." The
choice of this name, a correspondent
of the Manchester Guardian avers, is
due to the fact that the revolutionists
of 1848 had a partiality for signify
their anonymous pamphlets with classical
names, a habit which the Lietknecht
group have revived. The orlf-l
nal Spartacus, it will be recalled, waaa
Thracian soldier taken prisoner by the
Romans, reduced to slavery, and trained
as a gladiator. He escaped, prtjkclaimed
the freedom of all slaves, raided
a powerful army, and several times
defeated the Roman consuls who were
sent against him. An unhappy augucy
for the success of Dr. Liebknecht and
his Bolshevik followers lies in the ff^t1
that that Spartacus came to his defeat
and death in B. C. 71 through ai|sensions
among his followers.
The Berlin correspondent of the Kmnische
Zeitung draws a graphic pictiirej
of the terrorism exercised in Berlin liyl
the "Spartacus gangs." He writes: I
"Ur. LiieDnecni niramu, wnuoo uvprisonment
has obviously clouded his
formerly keen intelligence, and "proHLbly
turned his brain, spends hls.tftae
in visiting barracks in Berlin^ SpAdau
and elsewhere, and inciting: lie
men to refuse to allow any distinctions
even of non-commissioned officers *r
under-officers or to admit theta to t$e
local councils. His chief of staff, 4sr.~
Levy, who before the war was his business
partner in his lawyer's officetps
preaching fanaticism in Berlin to ^1<
and sundry.
"The word Spartacus* goes through
the city like a bogy. Civilians, soldiers,
employees, capitalists, all feel
themselves equally threatened. A sitting
of the Prussian lower I10U99 had
to be adjourned because it was feared
that the Spartacus gang was going tb
seize the building. j
"The Lokal Anzelger has several
times failed to appear, as result of re~
peated efforts by the Spartacus fang jo
sotee it. Careful burghers chafli
their house doors, and it would be
well if the steadier elements of our
workmen and soldiers would chain up
the door of their hearts against the
murderous and suicidal ideas of the
Spartacus gang."
The Sparticidcs seem to have a particular
predilection for embarrassing
the newspapers, in order, we are told,
to terrorize one or other of them into
becoming a Spartacus organ. The
Manchester Guardian writes:
"It seems that the Berlin newspapers'
are still having an anxious time. The
writing of their leading articles is constantly
being interrupted by the arrival
of a handful of unscrupulous-looking
bandits with a machine gun. It
must not be supposed, however, that
these intruders belong to the Independent
Socialists, who recently formed
the coalition government with the
Social Democrats or Majority Socialsts.
They belong essentially to the
Spartacus group, a small collection of
extremists, led by Liebknecht and
Rosa Luxemburg, who had little or no
o oil hofnro tVio l^VftllltlOn.
LUUUUIU& av an wv&vi v v><v . ? ? ?
The group had few rrtembers, no newspaper,
and only a mysterious connection
with the Bolshevik Isvestiya since
the Russian revolution.
"Not only is any newspaper to be
provided with a military guard against
its forays, but the Spartacus people
have also been relieved of another
newspaper that they had seized. Like
the Lokal Anzeiger, the Norddeutsche
has not submitted tamely to its forcible
transformation into an Internationale,
but has re-emerged from its
crisis as the Doutche Allgemeine Zeltung,
and announces that it will continue
its policy before. This means
that the Spartacus group has still no
newspaper of its own."
Having failed to keep the Lokal Anzeiger,
which they seized, the Spartacides
have produced a small daily
sheet, which bears the name they gave
to the Anzeiger when in their hands?
Die Rote Fahne, or Red Flag.
??/__ n:.l. I - Gam
Weir msft III9UI aribv( u
has the biggest insurance business in
the world as much, in fact, as the
rest of the world together.
When the armistice was signed he
had insured his soldiers for a total of
between $37,000,000,000 and $38,000,000,000,
fully two-thirds of the cost of
the war to the United States. This was
written on the lives of 4,000,000 soldiers,
95 per cent of whom now carry
insurance. The average policy is
about $8,750.
The war risk insurance bureau is
now at work cancelling allotments to
dependents of soldiers as they are discharged
from the army. About 1,300,000
men made allotments.
On December 9, 1918, the war risk
insurance bureau had made compensation
awards on 4,023 death claims
and 4,699 disability claims, and had
received a total of 51,845 claims. A
largo number of the men insured are
expected to keep their insurance in
force. And the war risk insurance bureau
is expected to be in operation for
many years.
If the death claims were paid in one
sum, instead of by installments, they
would amount to about $800,000,000.
Premiums to date amount to $170,000,000,
as an offset to these claims, or
leaving a deficit of $630,000,000. This
figure may be greatly increased when
final reports have been received. The
deaths from influenza amounted to 17,000.
t'T A lot of men are like the Sphinx
they don't care whether they are understood
or not.
MUST PRODUCE BOOKS
Supreme Court Flies Mandate Id
Columbia Canal Case
INVOLVES BIG MONEY TO TOE STATE
Preliminary In Important Litigation
Results Favorably to the Commonwealth Court
Decision Would Put
the State in Position to Learn Where
It Stands.
The decision of the state supreme
court. In the canal matter, which denies
the petition for an injunction restraining
the company from presenting
the books, records, etc, for Inspection,
is far reaching. This is the Columbia
Water Power company matter. It follows:
Opinion by Justice Frazer
"Three questions are discussed in argument,
and only these need be considered:
" 'I. In the argument the plaintiffs
complain that Article III, Section 13, is
violated by the act in question, and
that the act provides a greater punishment
for refusal to answer questions
that may be asked of the witnesses
than the legislature can impose.' This
court can not assume beforehand that
the committee will attempt to exceed
its constitutional powers. We cannot
assume that a committee of a co-ordinate
department of government will
perform an unconstitutional act, or do
an act in an unconstitutional manner.
" '2. If Section 13 of Article III does
not have the conclusive force we contend
for, the question remains as to
" *?-- I l.u?nu
me power ui cue icBtomkuic w
gate and punish for contempt and to
exercise such power by committee.'
"In the case of ex parte Parker, 74
South Carolina, page 470, this court
said:
" 'The power of the general assembly
to obtain information on any subject
upon which it has power to legislate,
with a view to its enlightenment and
guidance, is so obviously essential to
the performance of legislative functions
that it has always been exercised
without question.'
"The legislature frequently needs to
know the existence or non-existence of
certain facts as a basis of legislation.
There is a legitimate use the legislature
can make of the facts in this case
and we can not impute to the legislature
an ulterior purpose in passing the
act complained of, or that it will make
an improper use of the Information
when secured.
" '3. The act of 1918 violates section
34 (subdivision 9) of Article III of our
constitution, since there is a general
law under which the purpose of the
act of 1918 can be accomplished, so
far as it is constitutionally permissible.
Xhe existence of the general law, e&j
lablislies^he vloTaTTon of tfils section/
"The record does not show that there
are other grants of the state that may
come under Investigation and therefore
there is no apparent scope for a
general law. The appellant Insists that
the investigation is in aid of the litigation
now pending between the parties
to this suit. This ignores the distinction
between a judicial and a legislative
investigation. Inasmuch as the
plaintiffs concede that there is now
ample provision for the judicial investigation,
we must conclude, as we are
bound to assume anyway, that the investigation
is designed by the legislature
to furnish the basis of future legislation.
"The motion for Injunction is refused
and the complaint is dismissed."
Documents Demanded.
The following is a list of the documents,
deeds and papers which the
- - Kir
commission astcea 10 De pruauwu uj
the canal authorities:
1. The agreement of date the 6th of
April, 1905, between the Columbia
Electric Street Railway, Light and
Power company, a corporation of the
state of South Carolina, and the Columbia
Light and Power company, a
corporation of the state of South Carolina.
"2. The deed of conveyance of the
Columbia Water Power company, of
date the 1st of July, 1905, to the Columbia
Electric Street Railway, Light
and Power company, made in accordance
with the above agreement
"3. Also, all agreements for the supplying
of electric power generated by
the waters flowing through the Columbia
canal at the date of said agreement,
to wit: April 6, 1905, and the
date of said deed, to wit: July 1, 1905.
"4- Also the contracts held and had
by the Columbia Water Power company
which were agreed to be and
? ?? -1- - ri?i??K(a Water I
were assigned uy me vwiuuiu?
Power company to the Columbia Electric
Street Railway, Light and Power
company for the furnishing- and supplying
of electric current for mills, institutions,
public works, private enterprises,
and to all and every other enterprise
to which they were supplying
power at the time of said com-eyance
and assigned by indorsements or by
any special contracts in writing: by
which said agreements were received,
held and operated.
"5. The assignment of the Interest
of the Columbia Water Power com pa-1
ny in and to the west shore banks:
which were held in trust for certain
purposes mentioned in the trust deeds
made to the Farmers' Loan and Trust
company of New York and to the Loan
and Exchange bank by the Columbia
Electric Street Railway, Light and
Power company, with regard to indemnifying
the city of Columbia and
the payment of interest on the canal'
bonds, of date of July, 1905.
"6. That he produce the original
kotn'onn tVio frlnmhla UMeC
UQl tCllICllt VCWTf VVtl ?*4V wwawaMwatw
trie Street Railway, Light and Power
company and the Columbia Water
Power company, dated July 24, 1902,
which concerns and relates to th?< contract
with the South aCrolIna penitentiary,
of date the 26th day of May,
1902, for a period of 30 years, for 500
horse power of water power rese.rved
in the act of 1897, relating to the Co
turnout canai.
Want to Know Earnings.
"7. That he produce the books of
the Columbia. Electric Street Railway
L'ght and Power company whic h
shows its assets, liabilities, operating
charges, gross earnings and net earn ings
for the year next prececding the
agreement of April 6, 1905, and the 1st
da^ of July. 1905, being the date of the;
M
deed of conveyance of the Columbia
Water Power company to the Columbia
Street Railway, Light and Power
company. ,
"8. That he produce the books showing
what the earnings were of the
properties owned by the company and
derived ffom the railroad company and
from the canal power contracts and
other contracts up to the 1st day of
July, 1906.
"9. That he produce the auditing
company's report of the earnings, gross
and net, operating expenses and a gen- '
eral statement of the financial condition
of the property contained in such '
auditing company's annual audit or tne r
books after the close of the fiscal years
1906," 1907, 1908, 1P09, 1910, 1911,
1912, 1913, and 1914, elusive.
"10. Further, that ho produce all
agreements between the company as
present named, with the Parr Shoals 1
Power company, ^corporation of the
state of South Carolina, or contracts,
made with the Parr Shoals Power'
company for the supplying of power
under former contracts held by the
Columbia Water Power company, or of ,
the present company and its predecessors,
and all transfers of power con- .
tracts which were formerly made with
the company in its name or by its
present name, directly or by agree- ,
ment and all contracts made for furnishing
of power to any institution in
or near Columbia, railroads, mills, the
city of Columbia, state and any enterprises
in or near the city of ColumbiaAuthority
under which the commission
Is proceeding is contained in the
following sections of the act of March
28, 1918:
"Section 2. Committee may summon
and examine witnesses. That said committee
be, and are hereby, authorized
and empowered to call before them by
summons or notice, in such form as
the committee may adopt, such person
or persons as the committee may deem
proper and to require such person or
persons to answer upon oath any and
all questions that the committee may
deem relevant and may propound to
him or them; and upon the failure or
*- Mrnfins to
refusal 01 ?U<JII ynguii ?>
obey such summons or notice or to
answer such question or questions,
such person or persons shall be deemed
to be in contempt of said committee
and may be imprisoned in (he common
Jail, to be held until he or they shall
comply with the order of said committee.
Provided, That all sheriffs and
constables are required to enforce all
orders of the said committee.
"Section 3- Committee may require
production of books and papers. The
said committee be and the aame is
hereby, authorized to send for and to
require the production of any and all
books, papers or other documents relevant
to any investigation and to require
said person or persons in custody
or possession of said papers to produce
the same before the said committee.
Any person or persons who shall fail
or refnse to act on the order or notiee
of said, committee to produce said
books, papers or other documents or
writings, shall be deemed guilty of
contempt of said committee and shall
be punished as provided in Section 2."
Members of the commission are:
Thomas H. Peeples, chairman; Niels
Chrlstensen, chairman of the senate finance
committee; Huger mnKlcr,
chairman of the senate Judiciary com'
mittee; Je3se W. Boyd, chairman of ,
the house Judiciary committee; and
Junius T. Liles, chairman of the ways
and means committee.
Price Fixing and the War. It Is
very doubtful whether the "ultimate
consume*" his been convinced by his
experience oi war conditions that the
law against trusts, monopolies and
prlce-flxlng by combinations is either
foolish or unnecessary. "Price-fixing
by argeement," even under government
supervision, has been quite generally
regarded as a necessary evil
* ?>/? /trmntr^r hv the W8X
lorueu upvu buv
emergency, and to be tolerated no
longer than the emergency absolutely
requires. There Is a suspicion which
has. Indeed, been voiced In so many
words by a reputable and conservative
commercial paper that the price of
certain articles have been artificially
shoved up beyond all reason, "due to
general harmony of interest during
the war period and confirmed by reason
of the fact that the trade had had
so little fear of the Sherman law."
The anti-trust act may perhaps be
'mproved by revision or amendment,
and congress will no doubt consider
such proposals in due time. But the
proponents of its repeal have greatly
mistaken the public attitude and temper
if they think that American consumers
are ready to so much as consider
the surrender of such protection
as the aatl-trust law affords them before
thev knew precisely what and how
much protection against monopolistic
combination, artificial price fixing etc.,
they are to get in exchange for that
surrender New Orleans Picawune.
New Government Standards. New
official standards of the United States
for length of staple cotton soon will be
described by the United States department
of agriculture in a service and
regulatory announcements of the bureau
of markets.
Nine lengths specified in the standards
are represented by physical types,
as follows: 3-4, 7-8, 1, 11-8, 11-4.
1 1 1-2, 1 5-8, and 1 3-4 inches.
Reproductions by the protogravure
process of samples of cotton having
these lengths (made from the original
official length standards; will be
shown. These photogravures show the
actual measurements as nearly as possible
by any present-day commercial
method of illustration, and for all
practical purposes are the exact
lengths of the original samples.
Realizing that differences in methods
of pulling staple may be the cause of
variations in results obtained by different
classers, the bureau of markets
has made a study of the methods used
by those who are acknowledged 10 oe
experts in this particular work. As a
result, a method has been devised
which meets with the approval of the
bureau, and its general adoption in determining
length of staple according
to these standards is recommended.
Photographs have been taken of the
successive motions involved in this
method, which will be reproduced in
the service and regulatory announcement
1 XT After all, history Is Just a record
of man's effort to feed his stomach.
WAYS OF THE FKENIH
York Boy Makes Some Pertinent
Comparisons
LUES THINGS AMERICAN THE BEST
Whiteford Fincher Telle cf Experiencea
in Franc? Thinka Fr?nch
Cuatoma and Standarda Ar? Bather
Peculiar French Girle Would Be
Mora Interacting If They Could Talk
United Statea.
Here are a few extracts from a let4UTVIfA#Aa/l
TT fTinohni* nf
IUI UUIU VT UUVtVI U VI 4. r.uv**v.| ?
Rock Hill to his sister, Mrs. W. W.
Hovis, Smith's No. 1. Fincher is a
member of the 818th Field Artillery
bond, and the letter is dated at Saint
Blin, France, December 15, 1918. St.
Blln is about 60 miles due south of
Verdun, and it was here that Musician
Fincher was located when the armistice
was signed. He was on the way
to the front at the time; but of course
he was still at that place when he
wrote his letter.
Much of the letter is devoted to
purely personal matters, of Interest.
That port is omitted.
"I dJd not get to the front. We were
on the way there when the armistice
was signed, but were halted here for
a while, awaiting the arrival of "catterpillars"
to draw our guns. The Infantry
that we were to support was on
ahead; but the bottom dropped out
suddenly and here I am. Maybe I
have been lucky. There is no telling
but I had no dread or apprehension
about going on Into it Would have
just as lief gone as not and a little
rather.
"How long we are going to remain
here, I do not know; but it will hardly
be more than a few days for there are
orders to concentrate all parts of our
division at headquarters, and that
means of course that we will be moving
pretty soon. Rumors are afloat
that we will be on the way home In
about a month; but there is nothing
to It but rumor?nothing official and
one can never tell. But I have no objection
let me tell you. It Is the good
old United States tor mine and the
sooner I get there the better I-'will be
pleased.
"Say, it is wonderful what the United
States has done over here. I used to
have an idea that these French were
a kind of superior people to ours; but
not now. We have shown them lots
of things, and they have a great deal
more to learn from us than we have
to learn from them, you bet
. I see in the papers where the French
gpvernmcnt has offered to give us Instructions
in agriculture, and there
is more or less talk on the part of
some American authorities of sending
us to sehpol to them. It makes
me laugh. Oh. yea, they know a good
deal abouf' fertilizing and cultivating
crops, and all that Yes, that is true.
wh?n it comes to teaching, the
thing should be reversed. We waste
more than they make; but we save
more than they make and save together.
And who wants to live like
these people in a bed room adjoining
a cow stall? Not me, not on your
life. America for me.
"French girls. Not a word against
them for they would be all right if It
were not for the fact that American
girls are all righter. Our band went
over to Rinecourt, five or six miles
from here last night to play at a
dance. There Is a base hospital there.
I saw and talked to at least fifty American
Red Cross nurses. Now don't you
know they looked good to me? And
their voices! Oh, they pouldtalk talk
sure enough American, That makes a
difference. In buying things from the
French girls In the shops or having
washing done when I can find somebody
to do it, I can get along with the French
girls by means of signs talking with
my hands; but don't you "enow how I
appreciated the music of the voices of
sure enough Amercan woman after
I had so long been listening to nothing
but French Jabber.
"By the way, speaking of learning
things from the French. I want you
to tell Will something about how to
klJJ hogs etc., the French way. Tell
hint to provide himself with a long
keen knife. After that ho will catch
his hog, tie its feet together and stick
his knife into its heart. Then he will
catch the blood in a cup or a glass and
drink it while it is still hot, or put it
away for another time. Next he will
pfle a wagon load of straw on the carcass
of the hog and set it afire, Aftei
the straw has burned down the cajrcasf
is half cooked, he will take a hoe and
scrape off the hair. That is the
French way to do such things.
"Well, by this time you ought to b<
getting a pretty good idea, of what J
think about the French."
"Say, when you hear I am comlni
home, if it is the rabbit season, I tel
you what to do. I want you to have e
rabbit ready, and the biscuit ready
and when you see me coming down th<
road, put them on the stcve nothinf
but rabbit and biscuit That is what 1
want now. I would give five franci
(51) for one of your biscuits at thl:
moment though I have Just eaten mj
I supper."
MARVEL OF THE SEA.
British Develop "Flying Torpedoboat,'
Navy's Deadliest Weapon.
The lifting of the censorship now
permits ttie disclosure that Englam
had in operation several months befon
the armistice was signed a. "flying torpedoboat,"
one of the navy's deadlies
weapons, which is credited with having
had a lot to do with causing Germany's
abject surrender, says a London
letter to the Philadelphia Ledger
The enemy had devised means 01
successful protection of his naval base:
against torpedoboats and submarines
but the latest invention o.* the Britisl
air and naval science baffled the Ger
mans. Had not tne unmsm-c ?nu
been accepted the destruction of Kie
would have been assured. When th<
idea was broached of having an air
plane discharge torpedoes technics
difficulties seemed insuperable. Thi
torpedo weighs one ton. Eight Bleriot
flew across the channel with the ma
chine. The effect of the torpedo, thu
lightening the machine, was disastrou
in the initial experimental. Once th<
wings collapsed and the pilot wa
hurled to death.
un anomer occasion uie aiscnargen
torpedo hit the water at an awkward
angle and, richocheting from the water,
rose and demolished the airplane.
The difficulties, however, were overcome
with such success that one British
airplane discharged torpedoes
which sank a Turkish transport carrying
3,000 troops.
J. ue eiuuicy ui uie w eiipuu may uv
realized from the following brief details
of lta operation:
Espying an enemy craft, the flying
torpcdoboat makes a sudden dive from
the clouds at a speed of 150 miles an
hour till It Is within fifty feet of the
surface, when It discharges the torpedo
direct at the enemy ship, then rapIdly
rises and disappears in the clouds.
This operation is so swift that the enemy
is unable to train his guns. The
machines can be launched from land
or sea or from the deck of a ship.
When the German fleet surrendered
an airplane mother ship, carrying
twenty of the new type machines, met
the Hun fleet at sea in readiness to
sink the German ships If any treachery
should be attempted.
AMERICAN QIRL8 SUPERIOR.
Soldiers in France Give Their Honest
Impression. . '
1
Tho relative Fascination of American
and French girls, which seems to
have caused some uneasiness In certain
quarters, was recently the subject
of a cable dispatch from Farmer
Murphy to the Chicago Tribune.
The question had been asked whether
the less Independent but more strictly -' ]
feminine French type might not have
such an Influence on our men In
France as to compel the American
girls to look to their laurels when the
heroes return. This Is what Mr. Mur- j
phy cabled from France:
"The French girl's training Is to
look up to and coddle the men in the
family. She Is more of a listener
than a talker; she la pleased with
small attentions, and never to
show appreciation of them. It was
inquired If the contact of our men
with these customs might not make
them less willing to fetch and carry
and obey the beck and call of our self*
reliant American type of glrL
"There Is only one way to settle the
question and that Is to ask the men
themselves. The army edition of
The Chicago Tribune last week stated
the case to its readers and Invited
them to give opinions.
"Many of the letters were very
thoughtful and showed that the men
have not answered offhand, but have
seriously considered before answering.
Several such are from privates. One
of the surprises was the number who
favored the French glrL Among the
first batch the French probably had
the majority but then the American ' "
girl's defenders came to the front.
Be it understood that this to a discussion
of typtfPand not lndmdakliT'V
and there need to be no heartburnings.
A private In the Medical Corps, who
says be read the questions in the com*. -1
pany of his fiancee dares to write:
'Tve had some opportunity to observe
the French girls and wish to assure
you and the folk at home
that they have my entire approval"
One of the most rri"W?
is from a sergeant who emphatically ^
declared he considered the French
girl more thoughtful, agreeable, and
less exacting than the American, and
Just to show that he Is not prejudiced
he wound up by saying he was going
back to the States to marry the dearest
girl in the world unless she has
changed her mind.
Giving the reason he favors the
French girl, he says:
"The French girl expects nothing
and Is not disappointed If she receives
no more than that The American girl
expects everything and always Is ceri
tain, In one way or another, to make
; known her feeling If she does not re'
ceive It. If you want a surprise ask
a French girl to allow you to carry
' her unbrella or parcel, and. If she Is
not used to Americans, she will be
; just as surprised as you. It can not
i be denied that the French girl has
i won her way Into the hearts of the
[ /tiUVl iv>? up.
Another soldier who is going home
i to an American girl begs that bis
: name be not used when he says:
I "The charm of the French home life
1 Is a revelation- The French girls stand
; the beauty tost every time. Their
I keen humor doesn't take the form of
. the verbal sparring and the cheap ban
ter of the American debutante They
i can talk well and Intelligently, and,
1 what is more, they can listen.
"Woe to the American girls who falls
to listen long and patiently when the
A. E. F. goes home. The French girls
[ are Ideal companions, friendly, natural,
unaffected and self-possessed In a quiet
[ way, nerver seeking the center of the
1 stage ,and never conspicuous."
L A sergeant who has . lived In France
( for twelve years lauds the American
> girls.
f "There is nothing doglike about the
[ devotion of the American girl," he
3 says "but she Is true blue and a real .
, comrade through life, depending upon ,
r her worth, not her . sex, to hold her be- J|
loved beside her and keep the respect
In' all men."
Joe Lucas, 4250 Campbell Avenue
Chicago, Is for the American girl first,
last, and all the time, and wants
everybody back home to know It One
r whole aero squadron votes the French
i girl adorable. So It goes, and the dls?
cussion Is only beginning to warm up."
I The Fall of an Fmpire. We are
witnessing the greatest, the swif.sat,
the most dramatic tragedy the world
has ever beheld. When one thinks of
. all the great things that Germany has
r accomplished for the world, its contri3
buttons to art, literature, music, and *
, science, when one thinks of what Gejri
many might have done for the world,
- but for her false leaders, one feels like
s echoing Capt Philip at Santiago:
1 "Don't cheer, boys, the poor devils are
i dying." Under our very eyes Is dying
- the greatest of modern empires, in
1 some reapects the greatest nation of
e our times. May it be the last of the
s empires! And out of its bitter anguish
- and travail may there arise in the fus
I ture, without foreign interference, a
8 new, an honest, and a glorious demob
cratic state to help point the way tos:
ward the goal of all mankind liberty,
- XlaftAM
Traxermiy, equwii/. xu?