Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, December 17, 1918, Image 1
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YORKVILLE ENQUIRER.
MWPKP gglP-WMKLT.
li. .M. GKLSTS SONS, PubliHbers. I 3 Jirirspapfr: gar thi promotion of Ihi political, S>Hial, Sjrienltnral and (Tommtrrial 3ntrrtsls of th? f(0jl<. | TER"i5^^coprEriv*ci?-XANCE
established 18.55 YORK, S. C. TUE8Da?T"dECEMBER 17.191a XO.lO^
GREATEST NAVAL SURRENDER
Story ot tbe Giving Up of the German
Great Fleet
MOST REMARKABLE EVENT OF HISTORY
Cerman Admiral Wanted to Give U*p
All of His Men Instead of Only Half;
Because He Probably Did Not Know
What to Do With the Others.
The nun ils of naval war fan- hold
no parallel to tin- recent surrender of
th?- ionium lleet. tier many m-oveled
in iIn- sunny midst ol' the North sea,
enMcd the New York World t on eslioiid.-rit.
when, "cringing like a dotf
with (ml down, she surrendered her
Inline on the water." With amazed
contempt the personnel ol the British j
? I rili?2 Meet iouki-ii in m?- n.i i.
in re compelled to meet, not in the
glorious uncertainty ol battle. hut by
ap|M>uilment.
"Voii understand we are ?lriven to
tliis." said the Herman admiral to Admiral
lientty. "There is no child-life
left in (ierinany. All are dying of
hunger. We ask you to accept the full
i reus instead ot only half the personnol.
We cannot feed them, and we
dp-mi more trouble." This amazing
request was refused hy Admiral
lientty. whereupon the Herman coinuiiinder
produced a document for the
Itritinh admiral to sign, which stipulated
that the Herman crews would
lot he ill-treated.
"Tell them tiioy are coming to Kngkuid;
that will he enough." Heatty replied
as he ton-up the document. And
then the bloodless Trafalgar began,
ending in the Herman ships, "being
fast bound In misery and iron in llritish
waters?the tragic semblance of
a navy which lost its soul." lis the
New York Sun correspondent observed
before giving the following description
of the memorable events:
It was generally known that undi r
the to ms of the armistice the Herman
ships were unarmed and manned only
b\ r.:ivisiting crews. l>ut inc navyum
not believe in taking chances. Tieucher>
was not cxin'i'tisl, hut all was
veady to Mow the Cerman ships out
of tin- water sltoiilil any trick Ik* attempted.
On the preceding night the Oram!
Fleet lay tit its moorings in the Firth
of Fourth. Above the bridge \v? re the
nines. Conspicuous among them was
the French armored cruiser Admiral
Aul'e, Hying the flag of Hear-Admiral
Crasiicl. which, with two destroyers,
represented the French navy in the flan
I act of the great drama.
Itelow the bridge were battle-ships,
battle-cruisers, and light cruisers.
Again a prominent place was taken
by Ihe ships of a partner nation
in tho struggle. The New York, flag
.rrrTfor AilflttruT Rodman, ~wrtth Admiral
Sims and his staff aboard, and the
Flnrda, Wyoming, and Arkansas.
Canada was aliove the bridge with
the liist battle squudron and Australia.
New Zealand was below with
the second battle-cruiser squadron.
Throughout the night the flag-ship
was in touch b> wireless with the
Cerman fleet, noting its progress to
the place of rendezvous.
At two o'clock in the morning the
fleet was reported seventy miles out.
The Cerman envoys who came from
Ko::lgsberg stated their fleet would
be unable to steam more man iwmr
knots an hour, and that would l>e
speed enough for punctuality. A few
minutes before four o'clock the first
battle squadron, led by the Uevonge.
* the flag-ship of Vice-Admiral Madden.
he {a n to move. The fog had
lifted after five days and the lower
r.ir was clear. Clouds hid the moon
and stats and made the night dark.
Silently in the darkness ship followed
ship down to the open sou. an
ominous and awe-inspiring. procession,
the black shapes of each indistinctly
silhouetted against a sky'
canopied by a smudge of smoke. The
tpieen Klizabctb took her place at the
rear end of the line. At daybreak the
(' mnd fleet was at sea, and in the
gray morning mist the squadron took
their position in two columns, each
a single line. The two lines moved
toward the on-coming enemy. Halfpast
eight came, and with It a report
that the German fleet had been sighted
by our destroyers.
An hour passed, and the rising sun
begun to tinge the sky with gold.
Presently, four or live miles away on
the starboard bow. there came into
view a sausage balloon' toward the Cardiff.
First there was a more faint
speck of gray mist with a slight
smoke-trail stretching out below it.
Then behind the Cardiff there emerged
from the murk the first of the German
shifts.
At I he three mile range they appeared
to l?e little more than slowly
moving silhouettes coming abreast,
i-u., it..itiuii turned hv squadrons I
sixteen points outward wheellnp back
on Its own track and retaining positions
on both sides of the Germans toj
escort them to the anehorape.
Between the linos came the Germans,
l?xl by the Cardiff and lcokinp
like a school of leviathans led by a
i n\ ::l airship. First came the battlecruisers
headed by the Seydlitz, a
ship which carries the scars cf the
Powr Bank battle of January. 1915.
the Moltke and Hindenburp followed
and then the Perflinper. which also
was badly battered in the Dopper
Bunk escapement, and finally the Von
der Taan. which, aceordinp to report,
suffered heavily in the naval air-raid
at Cuxhaven.
The other heavy ships of the Grand
Fleet had left the flap-ship well behind
when the German and British
destroyers came out of the mist. In ordered
array flotilla after flotilla moved
across the sea. the Germans completely
encased by the British. So vast
was the area they covered that both
the head and rear or me rniumm
stretched away Into the haze and were
lost to sight. The eye could not count
them. They were themselves a tremendous
armada.
All this time the {treat captive
deet. guarded by the fleet which encircled
it. was moving: slowly at an almost
funeral pace, certainly not the
twehre knots stipulated by Admiral
Meurer. toward the anchorage appointed
for the Germans off May Island,
a rocky island which stands In
the middle of the Firth of Fourth ami
some miles to the eastward of the
bridge. Presently, a.s the German
shifts caine to rest, it was seen that
on every side of them were their British
warders. Then the main laxly of
ttie Grand Fleet made its way hack
to the stations from which it had
started early in the morning.
A description of the surrender will
not convey to the mind am conception
of the scene. i'Ut it must he placed
on |?-nnanent record, for it indicates
the disf>osition of hostile fh-ets such
as never hail Ix-en seen before, and
I will in all likelihood nev? r he seen
aim in. 0|ierations were jx-rfi-ct hoth
lin organization and execution. From
| a purely- sjx ctaciilar jxdnt of view the
pageant was robbed of some of its
splendor by the low inist which blurre.
I all outlines and refused to yield to
the cold brilliance of the sunshine, but
the significance of the meeting and
the procession were more important
than its ap|>ca ranee.
Men in uniform watched the Gertnan
ships come into view vied one another
in identifying them one by one.
sometimes with the aid of hooks and
silhouettes, but underneath the momentary
excitement of determining
whether this ship was the Hindenhurg
or the Derllinger. there was deep satisfaetion
that the tedious task of the
navy had been fulfilled.
As the Queen Elizabeth steamed
along the lines she was cheered again
and again by the men who crowded
the decks of the shli>s she led. The
day cntne to a is-enliarlv fitting close.
An hour before noon the commanderin-chief
issued the .following signal
to the fleet. It was received beyond
doubt by the (iermans: 'The German
flag will Is* hauled down at sunset today.
It will not he hoisted again without
permission."
The German ships were flying the
German naval flags at the main top.
At four o'clock all hands on the Queen
Elizabeth were piped aft. They had
assembled and were waiting perhaps
lor a speech, when suddenly the bugle
Inutnntlv
rang on i, .ii.iMiir. ,
. ill tinned to the flag and saluted.
The next minute cheers for the
command"r?in-chiof were called for
and t?iven with deafening heartiness.
Admiral lhnttv acknowledged the tribute
with "Thank yon." adding, "I
alwaxs told you they would have to
come out."
Then the shift's comitany went back
to their duties. Meanwhile the Hermans
in seventy-one ships which lay
out of sight in the mist had undergone
tin- mortification of seeing their
flag hauled down, |s-rhaps never to he
hoisted again.
THE PRICE OF VICTORY.
Heroic Record of Americans in World
War.
As the veil is lifted in Europe we
can see how tremendous were the
achievements of the-^Allied erniiewfrl
the immortal 119 days from July 15.
the date of the last Herman drive, to
Nov. 11, when Hermany admitted defeat.
If valor in battle he the supreme
test of manhood then the losses
as the victories tell that the race
has grown.
An English authority estimates our
casualties in the Argonne-Meuse hatlie
by far the greatest ever fought by
American armies under American
command, at 160.000, eight times those
of the Hci mans at Hravelotte, and the
figures now coming in indicate that
lie is approximately correct. This
gives a loss of about 20 per cent. At
Hettysburg the losses of the two armies
were IS,000. or 30 per cent, hut
when tlie battle there was over, north
and south alike were exhausted. At
the Meuse the Americans were readv
to tight the next hour, but there was
nobody to tight.
? lv.?ro thrown
\\ llfll UUI
across the jmth of the Germans after
they hail come down from the Alsne
and the Vesle and were driving: a
;:|>ear-head toward Paris, less than
forty miles away they had more than
4.000 casualties out of the S.000 enpaped.
hut they never yielded an inch.
At the Second Mnrne the 3Sth Bcpiment.
rcpulars. held off five times its
number, despite enormous losses. In
this battle, one of the most dramatic
and important in the world's history,
we had. according to Porshinp's report.
300.000 men. about as many as
the Allied armies at Iadpzip. or at
least 50 per cent more than all the
armies at Waterloo.
The British casualties at Waterloo
were 6.000. By this scale they foupht
more than a hundred Waterloos in
those blazing: four months, and the
French, on innumerable fields, showed
a valor and constancy never surpassed
and probably never equalled by the
race that has burned more punpowder
than any other in Europe.?New York
World.
Why Hold Cotton??1">. W. Watkins,
nctinp director, extension service.
:ives tin- following six pood reasons:
First cotton is not brinpinp a price
in keeping: with (a) the cost of production.
(b) the scarcity of the staple
and (e) the prices beinp realized for
cotton poods.
2. With the return of peace there
is every chance that those factors
controllinp the price of cotton, such as
rail and water transportation, the
openinp of foreiRn markets an<i me
return to work of cotton mill operatives,
will l?e adjusted so as to brine:
about a readjustment upward in the
price.
3. For cotton producers to pet the
benefit of this rise is not proflteerinp.
but is plain justice.
t. Xo additional machinery than
that now provided by local banks with
the assistance of reeionai huim
needed to finance cotton holdinc. No
new corporations for this purpose are
nettled at this time.
5. The real limiting factors in the
holding of cotton seems to l>e the
storage capacity of our warehouses.
To help overcome this limited storage
capacity those farmers who do not
need financial assistance to hold their
cotton should store it on the farm to
an extent that will allow all "distress"
cotton to find warehouse storage and
financial advantages.
6. This is the most cheerful fact
of all: Producers are holding cotton
all over the cotton belt It is simply a
question of time until the law of supply
and demand will bring about the
result desired.
FORGED PERSHING'S PASSES
Old Timer's Story of toe Campaign
Into Mexico
GENERAL FAILED TO INCLUDE DATE
More Mexicans Were Killed In the
Campaign Against Villa Than the
Records Ever Showed?When the
Americans Came Back They Had a
Big Blow Out at El Paso.
By James D. Grist.
Camp Sevier, December 14.?"General
Pershing isn't strong on paper work,
and does very little writing; he was
hardly ever known to have a pencil or
a pen or a piece of paper in his pocket."
So said my friend a regular 1
army man. now an officer at Camp Sevier.
who was formerly sergeant of 1
General Pershing's guard, as he and 1 <
sat in his tent talking it over a night or
two ago. And then he spun this anec- i
dote concerning the general, to show i
that he knew what he was talking ?
about. I
The officer wasn't talking for publi- i
cation. Officers, especially old regu- |
lars, whose only profession in life is <
soldiering, hardly ever do. This offi- i
cer has of late related to me many in- I
teresting stories about (Jencral Per- I
shing, gathered from actual experience i
and contact with him, and I am trying
to write the gist of them as they are. 1
because I know that almost everybody
just at this time is interested in any i
facts about the great American soldier- i
"That little punitive expedition into !
Mexico a few years back, which lasted
for several months, wasn't the easiest 1
junket 1 have ever been on during my
twenty-three years of army life, and
don't you forget it. We saw some
pretty strenuous service and we had
several brushes with them greasers 1
that amounted to considerable more '
than popgun battles. We lost quite a '
number of men at one time and anoth- '
er and of course the greasers lost a 1
darn sight more. You haven't seen any '
statistics as to the losses of the Mexicans
during that campaign and I don't '
reckon you ever will. I recall one lit- '
tie scrap when we left 300 of 'em in
such position that they wouldn't ever '
raid t'olumhus, N'ew Mexico, or any
other border town again. There was 1
another little skirmish in which at 1
least ninety of 'em to my knowin' went
to that land where all bad greasers
should go, and there were a few other 1
occasions in which they had ample op- '
portunity to ride to the mourner's '
bench over considerable numbers of '
their relatives and friends.
"The Federals, that is the Carranza '
soldiers, were supposed to be aiding us
In searching for Villa and his gang of 1
cutthroats: but it turned out that they
were Just as mean and hated us Just as 1
bad as did the arch bandlt??vcr. .Consequently
we fought Federals and Vil- '
listas and the followers of every other
Mexican general and colonel and major
and captain, and there is scores of 1
'cm. all having their particular gang 1
and all hating the 'gringoes,' as they|
call white folks, a darn sight more 1
than they ever did or ever will hate 1
each other. '
"Hut that ain't me story. We was in 1
that God-forsaken country of<mcsqult, 1
cactus, drouth and loneliness for a 1
number of months anil soon after we <
had Villa surrounded and they wouldn't
let us mop up with him because of.
some monkey-business in Washington . <
iiniinntt'ii tn mo whv we went back to!1
the land of the free and the home ofj
the bruva and was camped nt Fort '
Bliss, a few miles out of El Paso, Tex-(i
as. We was all pretty well tuckered
out and General Pershing realized it as <
well if not better than most of us did. p
"Well, we rested up a few days and: I
then a number of us, myself included. (
took a notion that we wanted to go' i
over into the city of El Paso and 1
spread a little joy. We had been on the
wager, and walking the straight and i
narrow path for several months down i
in Mexico and several months Is about I
as long as a soldier can stand it. i
"One old timer, I've forgotten his 1
name, goes into General Pershing one i
day and asks for a pass to visit the city
of El Paso.
" 'How lot.g do you expect to be over :
there?' asks the general, and tl.e sol- i
dler replies, 'Oh. Just a few hours, sir.'
"The general has a good idea the lad j
is lying about the few hours stuff; but
realizing that the campaign had been a i
hard one and that there was nothing i
much for the men to do Just then, he
comes across for the pass. (
"I can see him now as he hunted all <
through his clothes that morning for a
pencil and a piece of paper, until finally
he got hold of the required articles
and wrote a pass about like this: Pass (
Private in the city of El Paso,
J. J. P.'
'The general ain't strong on writing.
That is. he doesn't write much of a fist.
The 'J's' look like a couple of fishhooks,
and the 'P' Is a perpendicular
line crossed at the top with a sort of |
horizontal with a crook in it.
"The lad got his pass, the general
handing it to him without ever look
ing up. He naruiy ever iooks ui >uu,
but when ho does, he sees all the way
through you, and don't forget that.
Then the soldier hit It for the city of
El Paso and Joy, though of course he
took occasion to let a bunch of us know
that General J. J. had come across
with the leave of absence, and we noticed
that the piece of paper didn't
bear no date and that it was just initialed
'J. J. P.' Of course a bunch of
us. about ten, I guess, hot-foots it to
J. J. to get a piece of the literature for
our own respective conveniences, and
he come across.
"In a couple of days there was some
700 soldiers In the city of EH Paso,
each of 'em having a pass without any
date on it and bearing them initials.
"J. J. P.* They raised some cane in
that little old Texas town, me wuuic
jrang had money and plenty of it, you j
see, most of 'em having several months'
pay In their pockets because they
hadn't had a chance to blow It before.
"Soon thereafter Fort Bliss was for .
some reason, I've forgotton just why,
quarantined against the city: but them
700 or so of soldiers who had them 'J.
J. P.'s' wasn't included. (
"The general sends for his chief of i
staff one morning to get & line on the i
general situation and was somewhat |
surprised when he was told that there i
was about 700 of his soldiers in the <
town who were not affected by the
quarantine because they had passes
signed by himself.
"Let me see one of them 700 passes
I signed,' he said, and one of 'em waa I
brought to him in short order.
"He looked at it long and hard,
studying the couple of fish-hooks and
the perpendicular-horizontal attach- |
ment with considerable interest.
'"Yep, that's my signature, or at |
least it looks like mine,' he said; 'but
I'll be durned if I have signed any TOO
of these notes for my men. I think I
have signed about ten. but I can't tell
now for whom I issued these and for
whom I didn't. But I guess the only ^
way and the quickest way out is to go f
into town and round up the whole x
U'nrlli *
"After a few hours' hard work on the
part of the provost guard most of the t
fellows was back in the fort. a
"I guess you have figured out what ^
was done in that instance," said the j
old timer to me. "About 690 of those ?
700 men having had a chance to see ^
at least one of those passes signed bv
General Pershing 'J. J. P.': and dis- a
covering that they weren't dated, sim- (
ply wrote out one apiece for them- v
selves and signed the initials of the
general ever as he had done. It was
easy to make a couple of fish-hooks (
ind a horizontal-perpendicular, you
know. Of course the general couldn't
tell his own signature from the Imita- f
tions and those birds got away with It*
"But I never did see no more passes
to the city of El Paso signed 'J. J. P.' t
"General Pershing is a soldier and a j
jood sport, though, and he didn't make g
no effort to cause trouble for the fel- r
lows who had put one over on him." f
GERMANY THOROUGHLY BEATEN 1
c
There Is No Possible Danger of Re- 8
newal of Hostilities. 8
What has most struck me since *
my arrival in Paris Saturday night 8
from Germany, writes Walter Durant
In the Philadelphia Ledger, Is the re
currence of the same question: -wen, is
it really finished? Is there any *
chance of the Boche beginning again?" *
If I have heard it once, I have heard 1
It fifty times, frequently from Americans
or British, and on the lips of the c
French people almost without excep- v
tion. At first it seemed frankly ridic- '
ulous that such an Idea could be en- *
tertalned, but the constant repetition "
of it demanded attention. g
Whatever may be the reasons from 1
which the query may arise, I can an- c
swer it with certainty, based not only *
on ail Investigation of alt shades of T
civil and military opinion in occupied
Germany, but on nine months' close as- 1
sociation with the French in the con- *
duct of military operations from the 8
time of the spring disasters to the end 1
of the victorious campaign. 8
There is no danger whatever of Ger- s
many re-opening hostilities. *
To begin with, sm attempt-is uttenhetji
hopelSs from % a'mnitaryalandpolrr? I
Kven a Prussian captain of a shock dl- *
vision with whom I talked admitted x
readily that the French army alone 1
could smash them without difficulty. c
It cannot be too widely or too thor- a
oughly understood that the Germans
iisked for an armistice on any terms *
the Allies wanted, because they were 8
defeated In the war. There had notjr
yet been a colossal debacle, but the 1
German army leaders knew it was in- I
jvitable if hostilities continued. r
Germans Beaten to a Frazzle. v
Even before the armistice was sign- r
ed the revolutionary movements had *
broken out. and the bonds of discipline (
were breaking. An attempt to fight on 1
would simply have meant for Germany
nn a vaster and more terrible scale
what happened to Russia In the battle
of July, 1917. No matter what the
Hermans or their friends and dupes
may say now or later, the fact remains
that they were completely at the mercy
of the Allies?literally beaten to a
frazzle.
Secondly. I have yet to meet any
one in Germany who would countenance
for a moment the mere idea of
beginning the war again- The Junkers
and militarists might want it, but they
know it is impossible. Financial and
commercial classes regard the suggestion
with horror, and the mass of the
population have only room at present
for two notions In their heads?food
and peace.
Out of the chaos of conflicting aims
and opinions toward which the German
empire is drifting daily more
swiftly, three facts emerge with clearness.
First. There is no authority or united
combination of authorities that can
control, lead or even speak for the
whole country.
Second. Their army as a fighting
force is non-existent. A great many
soldiers have returned home with or
without leave, and the Immensely complex
machinery of transport and supply
needed for modern war is shattered
beyond repair. Although in some
few units discipline remains good, in
the majority of cases the officers re
tain their position on sufferance, and
the Soldiers' committee really holds j
the reins?in fact, the situation is sim- ]
liar, but as yet to a less ruinous degree, f
to what obtained in Russia during: the j
early part of 1917. t
Food Only for Six Months. <
There is not enough food in (
Germany to feed the population for six e
weeks without importation from Allied )
sources.
The apparent contradiction remark- ,
ed by myself in occupied territory and ,
by Allied correspondents across the ,
Rhine that food is comparatively ,
abundant is due to the fact that all the
stocks prepared for winter by the kai- j
ser's government or by private specu- ^
lators for illicit profits have now been ,
thrown on the market. The Boches ,
have known that the Allies won't let j
?hom starve and food restrictions have s
gone by the board. Where local authorities
tried to maintain them there
was a flare-up of something resembling
Bolshevism which speedily brought
them Into line. Oermany at present is
consuming ravenously In six weeks
what would have lasted painfully for
six monthsProm
the Allied standpoint, this perhaps
Is one of the moat favorable features
of the troublesome problem presented
by the German internal situation.
If we Insist on good behavior as
the price of food, disorder or undesirable
extremism can easily be suppressed
without the expense or the difficulties
of military interference.
*5
FLIGHT OF THE KAISER
low William tbe Last Got Away
From Battle Front
9ISSED BY A HOWLING DUTCH NOB
mperiai Suite Narrow!, Escaped
Death at the Hands of Allied Air*
men Who Destroyed the Railroad
8tation With Bombs But a Few
Minutes After They Left.
"The Flight of William the Last-"
rhia la the title the Berlin Vorwaerts 0
fives to the following description. 8
vritten by the kaiser's own attendant: u
On Tuesday, October 29, at 2.30 p. ^
n., I received from the castle an order r
o come Immediately. I started, and,
uspecting something approaching a
leparture. took the necessary papers
or a Journey. When I arrived at the *
astle I received a commission to pre?are
with the personnel appointed to
tart at 11 o'clock that night for Spa in J'
i court train. I urranged provisions 11
or ten- days from the castle's war store, 0
rhere enormous treasures of food of p
very description had been stocked,
>nd had them packed into the court "
rain. ?
"On October 30, at 4 p. m., we enter- *'
<1 Spa. The kaiser, with his suite of
Ifteen gentlemen and forty-five serv- 1
mts, continued to reside in the train. ;l
"On November 3 the kaiser underook
a Journey to the front at Alos, v
Jelgium. We left this station after 81
ome delay. Had we remained ten u
ninutes more we should have been no
nore, for ten minutes after the court '*
rain departure (the kaiser and some a
>f his suite had left in motor cars) the
tation was bombed by French airmen t;
ind completely ruined, also a munition il
ransport and a hospital train full of
Ick and wounded.
Allied Aviators Overhead.
"On the return Journey we saw six "
inemy airmen still above our train. 1
ut we were lucky, as they had w
hrown all of their bombs at the sta- 0
ion. p
"When we returned to Spa at noon c'
if November 4 we were informed that w
re should leave that evening for Berin.
Our Joy was great, but things 81
urned out differently. The kaiser had
lot complied with the request of the ''
reneral staff to retire from Spa as a
juickly as possible, as his presence oc- *'
asioned fears of the worst, but he ^
* ? *U? ITillrt LVi?. I>
OOK up ms quarters ui me vino ? .?ieuae,
where he previously had lived. n
"I had to contend with all sorts of "
hings. because the courier who should ''
lave brought fresh provisions, meat, r"
;ame, vegetables, etc., from Berlin did w
lot arrive. What was I to do? I told w
i court official he must see that necesary
provisions were obtained. This ij
tu done to a limited extent. u
[alser was coming down, and that he t(
vith all his suite, would remain on the n
rain. What did that mean? we asked a
lurselves. After some reflection we
irrived at the right conclusion?flight. a
"About 10 o'clock, when the kaiser
lad left the restaurant car, I was in- 8
tructed to have a traveling breakfast K
'eady at 5 o'clock the following morn- "
ng, the 10th, for the kaiser and six 11
;entlemen of his suite and about eight K
nembers of his traveling service. I l'
vas told that a first breakfast must be ,l
eady at half-past 4, as at 6 o'clock 11
he motors for the further Journey a
the flight Into Holland] would be w
eady. a
a
Kaiser Fled in Auto. j
""rnus ll nappeneu me nuiocr iui w*rain
at 5 o'clock in the morning and 0
led In motor cars across the Dutch t
rontier. We followed In the train, |j
caching Eysden at 10 o'clock. Scarcely
lad the train stopped when we heard
leople In a factory situated opposite g
he train asking the mocking question a
vhether we wanted to go to Paris, and, a
f so, we must take the opposite dlrec- a
Ion. t
"On Monday, the 11th, at 9 o'clock o
n the morning, we left Eysden for ,s
klaarn via Maastricht. Oih- experience a
>n this Journey was simply lndescriba- s
)Ie. Everj' single station we passed
iwarmed like an ant heap with people
mdeavoring to surpass each other in
lowllng, hissing, holding up their 7
lands, showing their tongues and spiting.
We reached the Maarn station at
I In the afternoon, the kaiser being re- t
;elved by Count Bentlnck of Ameron- n
ten. as whose guest he now was in- j
erned. "The
kaiser seems to feel comforta- v,
>le there, for he rides and tours in his
notor car and is entirely at home. The d
tamekeeper told us the only thing that F
s lacking In the count's castle Is danc- q
ng. Our train was now shunted on a ^
ildlng, but some gentlemen of the suite d
-emained until 4 o'clock. We were In- d
ormed that these gentlemen would reilde
In the count's castle, and, as all ^
low alighted, we thought we were tol- d"
irably safe. P
"I said to my companions in suffer- t|
ng that we would consume whatever p
l&d been prepared for a dinner for the
mite that evening. We made ready to w
>repare a supper to be eaten in all s
ranqullity when suddenly Dutch offl*rs
aDDeared and said we must pack
IP all our things within half an hour ?
md leave the train unless we wished to F
>e taken into internment. f
"Wlllynllly we had to do what we ^
vere told. What we previously had n
read about In the newspapers we must
low experience In our own persons,
ind why? t
"We conveyed our effects to the cas:le,
twenty-Ave minutes distant from t
railway, where a transport motor ^
rtood, which received the luggage. Two
)ther motorcars were at our disposal. ,
n one of which the maids were soon ^
iccommodated. The other had only
room for the more highly placed- genUemen,
so I, 55 years old. who have
?sen twenty-five years In the royal ser- ^
rice, was only able to find a place in
... a
:ne door or tne motor cur.
Hardships of Escort. n
"We arrived at our place of banish- ^
ment at Ameronffen at 9 o'clock and
found a food reception In the Oranteste
In, a small hotel and board In s
louae, where we had supper- We went
jo oar rooms, all of which were with>at
stoves and cold, but we said to f
rarselves it was better than an Intern- d
ant camp. We remained In theee <
(carters comfortably and looked after |
>T the lady of the house until the 12 th, t
' 'ifci -V -.
vhen Herr Plank entered the "*m I
sarly and usked me whether I
leard four shots that night. I answe?
sd in the negative and he replied:
" 'Yes, yes; we are here and we sit
ike a mouse in a trap.'
"Therefore I said every mouse that
a caught endeavors to escupe from the
rap and I also should try. He thought |
lothing prevented this, but I should
eave at my own risk. This I did.
"Through the German legation at <
tie Hague I received a pass, by which
was able to steer for home, an underaklng
in which I brilliantly succeeded,
am now again in our Berlin, which
crtainly has assumed another aspect
ince our departure on October 29. Let
is all hope everything will be for the
est , if one behaves sensibly and with
ipe deliberation." i
. ? . <
MULTIPLEX TRANSMISSION. ?
i
lany Messages Simultaneously Over <
?u_ c-__ w;~?? ,
Postmaster General Burleson has <
ust made public a letter from Theo- t
ore X. Vail, president of the Aineri- I
an Telegraph and Telephone com- t
any announcing the invention and 1
evelopment by the technical staff of f
lie Bell system of a practical system
f multiplex telephony and telegraphy c
y the use of which it is now possible t
) increase many fold the message t
orrying capacity of long telephone r
nd telegraph wires." i
"With this new system," said Mr. c
'ail's letter, "four telephone conver- a
ations over one pair of wires aresim- i
ltaneously carried in addition to the a
he telephone conversation provided c
y the ordinary methods. Thus, over 1
single pair of wires a total of five t
telephone conversations are siinul- t
meously operated, each giving serv- c
;c as good as that provided by the i
ircuit working In the ordinary way. u
"A number of years ago was devel- r
ped the 'phantom circuit' arrange- ?.
tent by which three telephone cir- i
uits arc obtained from two pairs of i
dies. Now by our multiplex meth- t
rls we are able to obtuin five telehone
circuits over one pair of wires,
onversations from the two pairs of l
rires which formerly could be used j
>r only three simultaneous converutions.
I
"In telegraphy as well as In tele- c
hony, sensational results have been jj
itnined hv the new svstem. By com- ri
ining two telegraph wires into a me- t
3.111c circuit of the type used for telehone
working and by applying our c
ew apparatus and methods to this |
lctnlllc circuit we have enormously (
tcreased the capacity of the wires g
.>! telegraph messages without in any r
ray repairing the quality of telegraph
orking. j
"The nature of these developments x
\ such that the desired wires may he j
sed partly for telejlhone and partly f
flephone conversations or for 40 si- ,
tultaneous messages or partly for one
nd partly for the other.
"From the nnture of the apparatus
nd the methods employed the s>stem
f not particularly advantageous on
hort lines either telephone or teleraph.
On long lines its application .
rill tie extended immediately but its
itroduction must necessarily be .
radual on account of the nature of
lie apparatus required and the rerrangement
and adaptation of the
nes themselves and their associated
pparatus to the new methods of
/orking. It is not too much to charoterize
this new system as making
n epoch in the development of long
istance telephony and telegraphy.
Mr. Vail said that an installation
f the multiplex telephone system beween
Baltimore and Pittsburg and
eon in service for more than a month.
On Monday of this week," he said.
-???????i?,i ?,v n Mrtv of iliatin
uishcd government and telephone
nd telegraph officials I made an inpection
of the system at Baltimore
nd a test of the service provided bcween
Baltimore and Pittsburg. All
f the party were delighted with the
ticceseful working of the new system
nd the evident skill which hud been
hown in developing it."
WHEN GERMANY WAS VICTOR.
'he French Did Not Get a Great Deal
of Consideration.
It is interesting in view of the peace
hat may reduce the power of Germany,
to note the peace that Germany
mposed upon France in 1871. William
Itearns Davis, in "The Roots of the
Var," in the Century, says:
"So, by the final treaty, completed in
etail at Frankfort. May 10, 1871,
'ranee had to pay the enormous sum
f $1,000,000,000 and see a German
rmy occupy her provinces until the
ebt was paid, and was also forcibly
eprived of 5,000 square' miles of terriory.
with 1,500,000 inhabitants. Valnf
some thirty-five deputies of the
oomed lands protested before the
Tench national assembly against this
reaty which tore them away from
'ranee. 'Alsace and Lorraine,' they
reclaimed, 'refuse to be alienated:
dth one voice the citizens of their fireides,
the soldiers under arms, the fortier
by voting, the latter by fighting,
roclatm to Germany and to tne wona k
t large their immutable will to remain
'ranch.' But nothing could be done
or them. France herself was helpless.
England, Russia, Italy and Austria did
ot stir- The treaty was ratified.
"Thus ended the Franco-Prussian
par, provoked by Bismarck for his ulertor
ends and precipitated by the inompetent
statesmen of Napoleon III,
he Germans' unconscious puppets. Its
naln consequences were threefold:
"First. It certainly aided to hasten
he unification of the Gernffan nation
nto tne new empire, inn, nvi?d.,
rould have come to pan within a few
ears in any event.
"Second. It weakened Prance, dehroned
her as first power in Europe,'
,nd put Germany in her place.
"Third. It gave the rulera of the
iew Germany unbounded confidence in
heir military machine, and became a
aiding precedent for the unscrupulous
tut successful use of the same in wars
irovoked for aggrandizement
?' 1
Three hundred and fifty thousand 1
nen will be needed to man the navy !
luring the coming year. In giving this i
stImate. Secretary Daniels said there i
ire at present close to 624,000 men In i
hs navy, leaving a surplus of 174,000
o be released by July 1. I
GERMANY'S ABILITY TO PAY:
o
Financial Eiperts Are Giving Atten-1
Hon to tbe Subject
d
INDEMNITY PROBLEM LOOMS UP BIG S
* V
Just What Amount Will Be Charged
Has Not Yet Been Decided Upon: ^
But It Is Possible That as Much as
w
Ten Billion Dollars May Be Do- t<
manded. J"
A. P. Nicholson, the London daily
S'ews lobby correspondent, writes:
"The chief ministers of the govern- v
ncnt were asked, just before the general
election was upon us, to consider
ind suggest proposals for indemnities ti
vhich the German empire shall be re- j(
juired to pay. The time has been too t)
ihort for their views to be co-ordinat- V
>d as yet, and this is the reason why in
heir utterances in the country the h
>rime minister, Sir Eric Geddes, Mr. |>
Churchill, and Mr. Austen Chamber- el
ain are speaking with somewhat dif- m
crent voices. si
"Lloyd George at Newcastle on Fri- 1,
lay indicated that our government and n<
he French government ure now set- n<
ing up expert committees to deter- t>
nine the capacity of Germany to pay f>?
ndemnities. The question is naturally
?ne of some delicacy among the Allies w
ind several views have to be brought tt
nto alignment. There is naturally a c<
itrong feeling in France in favor of re- hi
luiring large indemnities. France has c;
lerself paid in the past. The view of si
he British government is understood y<
o be strongly in favor of alt Just inlemnltles,
with the corollary that the ti
minediate demands should not be such c<
is to cripple Germany's ability to tl
nake future restorations. The feeling hi
>f the United States, apart from firm is
nsistence on reparation, shows a ten- in
iency, it is said, rather adverse to in- hi
lemnities. v<
Cash Payment for Damage.
"The proposals which have actually ?'i
>een considered or arc being examined I"
nclude the following: tl
"First?That there should be cash V
myments over a term of years for *'<
lumage indicted on France and Bel- ti
ilium. This is estimated at from ?2,- m
100.000.000 to ?2.500.000.000 (>10,- tr
100,000,000 to $12,500,000,000). t*
"Second?That ruined towns in these
ountries should be rebuilt by German
abor, that roads should be rebuilt and vv
lattleflelds dug over and restored, and I"
icattered metals collected, also by Gernan
labor. pi
"Third?That there should be a ship)ing
indemnity paid by Germany, 1-4
vhether by a "two-pool* arrangement k
>et ween the Allied and Central Pow3ritish
mercantile marine or by other p
neans- (l
"'Fourth?That a larger indemnity P
myment than the sum required to re- "
tuisite the damage in France and Delrium
should be called for. spread over sl
i term of years, to make good other ir
osses to the Allies.
"Fifth?Th:.t the gold still available "
n Germany should be made over to
he Allies. "
"Sixth?That there should be a roy- 11
ilty on German coal mines, paid to the *'
Miles over a term of years and there ''
ihould be an Allied control of German
potash. ''
"Seventh?Restoration in Italy, Ser- w
)ia and Roumanla."
Nicholson adds that a more difficult
luestion under consideration is that of 1
ndeninlty payment through cash or ?
;oods. Ho writes:
"If a larger indemnity is to be paid ''
?ver a term of years, the question is n
whether there Is capacity in the German
capital to meet this, save by pro- ?
luction of goods which would compete '*
vith the products of the Allied coun- w
ries. The alternatives would appear
;o be whether, as a result of her commitments
to pay greater Indemnities
>ver a term of years, Germany's com- H
petition with Allied countries in proluction
of world goods should be curailed,
or whether by such competition 1
ind production of world goods Ger- E
many would not be better able to pay
ndemnlties and so relieve taxation in j,
he Allied countries. But by some it is 0
aelng argued that in the internal situ- jj
ition in Germany there will in any
:ase be an inevitable stimulus to the 8(
production of world goods, and that p
he Allies would therefore be Juatifleu
n requiring larger Indemnities."
Ton-for-Ton Policy Will Fail.
As regards the question of shipping ^
ndemnity, Nicholson says: ^
"The ton-for-ton policy averred In ^
tome quarters, is destined to fail, be,
ci
:ausc there are not enough German
ihips to make good our losses. The
luggestion that two shipping pools F
ihould be fbrmed by the Allied and ''
Central Powers to regularize the situ- (
ition, has been under consideration.
"One difficulty which emerges is that 1
n this matter it becomes inevitable
hat ?h<> t'nited States and ourselves
" " "" K
ihould regard the proposals from a
llfferent angle. We wish to restore tl
>ur mercantile marine. The United tl
itates desires to create a great mer:antlle
marine. About eighteen months ?
igo our government hoped ships for
is might be built in America, but a ft
Jnited States law was passed that all ?
ihips built on that side must be Amer- ir
can. Later we sought to buy control c
it the White Star interests . The ^
CVhite Star ~hlps, though on British "
-egtster and sailing under the British tl
lag, being owned by a company which
vas mainly American, sanction was re- ?
'used for this sale, and a counter-pro- ?
posal was made for purchase by the q
lTnlted States. v
"In view of these tendencies, it .is J
thought in well-informed circles the *
louble-pool arrangement might be difa? '*
"'^ 1' A nAtkar niytnAflol tho
iltuil lu WUI A- nuvilivi ir.wirww.., ?
Dulldlng of ships in German yards for ?
restoration of our mercantile marine, a
may be brought forward as a shipping c
Indemnity." b
li
' ' b
Allied Bill Against Germany.?The f
war bill of the Allies against Germany d
is 24,000,000,000 pounds, according to a
the British prime minister, David c
Lloyd George, who presented this and 1
other interesting facts before a large I
gathering at Bristol, England. Wed- a
nesday. The cost of the war to Great \
Brltian was 8,000,000,000 pounds. a
Before the war the estimated t
u'. r-'r' A"N. C
wealth of Germany, said the premier,
i'as between 15.000.000.000 and 20.000.00.000
pounds sterling. So if the
thole wealth of Germany werv taken
here would not be enough to pay the
eeount. Therefore he had used the
.ords: "Germany should pay to the
tinost limit of her capacity."
When the prime minister was ndressing
an overflow meeting, he
aid Great Britain would be Kuilt\
f great folly If she gave up her navy.
A voice interrupted: "Then watch
nison!"
The premier replied: "Well. 1 hoi>e
o meet him in a fort-night. I will
?ll him what you say.
"Wherever the request comes from,
e are not going to give up the pronation
of the navy, so far as Great
iritain is concerned."
NEWSPAPERS AND THE WAR.
i/eekly and Cemi-Weekly Publications
Suffered Most.
The Republican publicity associaion.
through the president, Hon.
anathan ltourne, Jr.. has glvrn out
u* following statement front its
t'ashingt on hcatl?|tiartcrs:
"So other business has Iwn hit
artier l>v the wai than the newspa|ier
usiness, particularly in the smaller
Ities and country towns. The larger
ictropolitan isipers have pmbahlx
iffercd least. During 1917 more than
I'OO publications went out ot busies.*.
Alter making allowances for
i?w papers started, it appears that
lere was a net loss of CJ dailies and
5!) weeklies.
"The mortality statistics for 19lv
ill probably show as great a loss for
te storage of pa|?er. the increasing
>st of all kinds of supplies, and the
igher wages, together with the heavy
til upon newspaiier men for militart
'rvice, have been more severe this
far than last.
"And one of the serious features of
te situation is that the people of the
juntry probably do not realize that
te most valuable fiortion of the press
as sustained the greater loss. I'nder
jpular government the country press,
icluding not only country weeklies,
ut the smaller dailies, is the real
aire of the is-ople. Kditors of large
ictropolltan pajK-rs do not have and
mnot have the close touch with tli*
ople that is a necessary incident of
ie life of the country editor. Just as
rashington is the poorest place in the
>untry to Kit in line on the isilitieal
tought of the nation. so tlie Idg i-il>
wsptiper office is the |H>orest place
> get a correct picture of national
lought, either political or otherwise,
he |teople of the I'nited States should
alize this, ,'itid should see to it that
liatever else hup|K*ns the country
ress shall lie maintitined.
"Freedom of speech and of the
ress is the first essential of it repnhran
fonn of government, for the rep sentatives
of the (s-ople cannot
now the thoughts and aspirations
nd >le?lres of their constituents tin ss
voiced through tho mediurnship
f the local pcesa to which
'Wl'ffl (TTIier 'unPctly,?itiroiign tfffi-""'
nblicatlon of communications, or lnIrectly
through the editor's Inter- '
retation of tho views of his cointntiny.
"The country press, including the
nailer dailies,represents the products
element of our national life. The
irge metropolitan press represents
le commercial factors, .lust as jn-ouetion
is the lirst essential of a |tertancnt
prosperity, so the mainteance
of that portion of the press that
peaks for the producers is most imortant.
The metropolitan press has its
lace in our national life and nol.ody +
ishes it 111. The fact remains howter.
that tite vital interests of the noon
are most promptly and most
learly represented and the thought
f the people most freely and most
oiirageously voiced hy.the country
ress. Tiie people of the country may
ot see It now, hut they will some day
i-allze that the large preponderance
f suspensions among the weekly
uhlications is a menace to national
relfare."
GENERAL NEWS NOTES.
terns of Interest Gathered From All
the World.
It is officially reported that there are
,000.000 cases of Influenza in the
iutch East Indies.
Six men are dead and thirty or more
ljured as the result of the explosion
f coal dust on the IT. S. cruiser Brookrn.
at Yokohama, Japan, last Monday.
For refusing to obey orders and de?rtion,
Isado t'ruson, a Philadelphia
ecruit at Camp Dix. N. J-, has been
entenced to serve forty years in
rison.
toyal Ulster Yacht club of Belfast,
reland. has renewed his challenge .for
lie America's cup. Sir Thomas will
ely on the Shamrock IV to lift the
UP.
Gustav Ador. member of the Swiss
ederal council, and president of the
iternational committee of the Red
ross. has been elected president of
te Swiss confederation for the year
919, receiving 142 out of a possible
*8 votes.
According to reports from Berlin, the
Intente governments intend to refuse
jodstufTs to Germany until a demand
ley are said to have made for disaoluon
of the Soldiers and Workers' counlls
is carried out. The Allies, the reorts
add, will reserve the right to
larch into Germany.
nnii men of the arniv who
illod to reach the fighting front beluse
of duties in this country, will not
e denied recognition of their service
i winning the war. General March,
hief of stafT, by direction of President
Wilson, has issued an order that such
ten shall be entitled to wear a silver
hovron similar to the gold one aulorized
for service overseas.
Fifteen thousand soldiers are to bo
?nt to Camp Dlx, New Jersey for disharge.
The camps from which the
hief assignments have been ordered to
amp Dix are Pike, Hancock, Lee, Seier,
Jackson, Wheeler, Morrison and
ohnson. In addition, several thouand
members of the United States
uards are arriving for demobilization.
Sir Thomas Upton, through the
x soldier from a Middlesex regiment
rho haa Just returned to London, was
iken prisoner by the Germans In 1916
nd sent Into the field to labor with a
ompany at Roulers. He escaped and
ild In ditches (or six days, but becomn*
exhausted, decided to risk capture
>y begging food at a farmhouse. He
ound an aged woman beside her
laughter who bad died. Being able to
peak a little French, the soldier succeeded
In persuading the woman to alow
him to impersonate her Q&pthler.
le buried the body of the daughter in
i garden and, wearing her clothea he .
worked in the fields for six months
rlthout being discovered, the neightors
keeping the ruse a secret. H