Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, August 02, 1918, Image 1

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YORKVILLE ENQUIRER. i a. grists 80*8. Pubii?her?.} % (Jfamilg Jlnrspapfr: <Jfor th$ Jromolion of political, .Social, Jgriwltaipl and tfommfrrial jfntfrests of tit* fjeopty. J SINGLE COPY. FTVE CENTS. ESTABLISHED 1855 ~ york, stct frl pat\ august 2. 1918. 1sto. 02 FIRST FOUR YEARS 0 Comprehensive Review of Str THE CENTRAL POWER! Now Things Look Better? Their Own and the Gt Their Finish. Kvonts IiIk with the fate of nation have marked the Fourth year of th war which now cornea to a clew. 1 ha* la-en a 11' months of altcrnatin hope and concern for the {towers ? the Kntcntc Alliance. It was on July 2k, 1914, that Austri declared war on Serbia, hegLnninu th jrreat strmtKle. During the past 1 months titers* have lut-n oeeurrence that in sttine ?K|M-cts have I teen ( even greater liii|M>it in th*-lr Inftuenc ii|??n ttie world than those In the pre ('< <11111; pCI'IOII. liUKHlil ? <<Mia|>.-" the Italian defeat fast autumn, tli stupendous drives ni the ( rnian against tlic Allied aiinies. and th womh rial defensive operations tha have iiKnin atul again checked th eiK'tuv when success lor him seeme mar at hand have held the worl hri-atldess. Hut transcending the sig ni Ilea nee of any event In tin- actiui tiieaties of tin- war, America's fu partii -ipation in tin- conflict, involvin the transportation overseas of mui than a million men to engage in I must remain fur all time the grea outstanding feature of the fourth yea ot the struggle. It is niton A merle that the Kntente is relying for th men and resources to turn the title. A year ago the nuinhei of America troo|>s going to Kuropc hail not he gun to assume large proportions. . few regulars and some N*ation:< < uartlsinen had hecn sent to Krancc hut most of the hig military trainin camps were still heing hitilt ami th men selecteil as the tlrst contingen to he called to the colors were still i citizens' clothes. I'ntll the first da of August of 1 i?l7 the total numberc American soldiers taken overseas wa 26,967. Soon after date the movement ci troops was accelerated. Thousand were desoatched across the Atlantic during the winter months, hut it wn not until the great Herman offensiv was started late in March of l'JIKtha the movement began to assume renll noteworthy pro;?ortions. The ligure for the months from August 1. 1917, t July 1. 191S. follow: August, Ik,323; September, 32,533 < k'tohcr, 3.S.259; Novemlrer. 23,01ti I ieceiuher, 4K.S40; January, 4G,77fi February, 4S.027; March, S3.KU; Apri 117,212; May, 214,345; June. 27D.3S2. < >n July 1. 191 s. there were 14.04 American marines in France, bring ing the total number of America troops in that country and Italy u to 1,019.115. American* Will Fight. During the recent lighting in Franc the work of the American soldiers hu compared favorably with that of oth or lighting men in the world. The have held sectors here and thor along the front. They are in A lane and northward in the 1/orraine sectoi The famous St. Mihicl sector is he! by Americans, who arc posted alsoo the line along the heights of th Mouse. Kiist of Uhcitns they too part in the lighting during the his phase of the Herman offensive, whil in the Chateau Thierry sector the held their line in a vital regie; against tin* utmost fury of the Ten tonic onslaught. North of Chatom Thierry. Americans helped to stopth drive of the Hermans in the early day of June: and in the Somme sectoi at Cantigns and tlrivesnes they hav given proof of their soldierly quali ties. The Allies have been called u|?on t face two great offensives during th I tost year. The tlrst of these cam last October in Italy and the sccontl In Franco, began on March 21. Th Herman drives in France, while scp mated by periods of from a few day to He vera I weeks, have heen eonsitl eretl as different phases of the sain offensive. The abortive Austrian at taek against Italy in June also i looked u|H>n its merely another nttncl jigninst the western front stnd no as :t dlstinet military oiteration. Knt these offensives is-rhnps nove would have been begun had it no been for the collapse of Russia dttrini the past winter, Herman and Austriui triHips. released from the Hussiai front, were taken to France and Ital to swell the masses of men hurlei against the Allies in the western the at re of operations. As long as Kussii remained in the right she held grea numbers of Teutonic troops In th Must, and her withdrawal from the wa exercised a fundamental influence 01 the course of its development. The year opened with the fortune of war apparently favoring the Kn tente. The Itritish had forced bad the Hermans to the famous Hinden burg line. The French had establish ed themselves firmly along the Ohem in des 1 lames, north of the Aisnv. Th echoes of Verdun were still ringini the knell of Herman hopes In that sec tor of the buttle area. The Italian were holding their lines along th Isonzo. The rejuvenated Hussiai "regiment of July First" had carrlei the war far into the Austrian defense in nuKowina ana Gailcia. Through August and Septembei 1917. there fume rumors that Russlj was exhausted by tho war, and qulc settled down alone the linos from th Kates of the Carpathians to the Ilaltk Stories were heard of fniterniwitioi of German and Russian troops, hu assurances came from 1 Vtrograd tha Russia would stand true to her allies Fall Offensive in Italy. The German and Austrian high com mands had no Illusions as to furthc Russian belligerency. There came t the Allies reports that the Central em pires were taking the pick of thei force from the Russian front an concentrating them tor a drive agains some part of the line In the wester theatre. Then came intimation tha the blow was aimed against Italy. The storm broke at Caporetto o October 26 and almost immediate! the whole Italian line was thrown int disorder. Pouring through the passe* where in some instances dlsaffecte F MIGHTY WORLD WAR Ebb and Flow of Terrible uggle. 3 HAVE WON STEADILY -Allies are at Last Coming to mians Are Beginning to See is Italian troops held positions, the Oeri? maris and Austrians made proRrt-ss It width from th?- first was alarming. ? HV wist' Krntralshlp, tho Italian lint* ' " llk.lw.urti trnm flu. lufinvn It paused .'it th<' Tagliamentn and then a retired further until it rested on the ii* I'lit v<*. almost within sight of the 2 domes of Venice. Here the ltali;ui s army reformed its columns, consoli?f tinted its positions by withdrawing from the Ithaetinn mountains to the - Asia go plateau and, assisted hy the i*. Krench reinforcements brought to that i> battle front, stood at hay. is Kvents In the meanwhile had hoon e moving swiftly in Russia. On N'ovrmit her 1, while the offensive against Italy e was under way, Alexander K. Kerensd ky, then the Unssian premier, anil nouneed that ltussi;i wits worn out l?> . tin* war and tliat the Allies must il shoulder the Ifurden thenceforward. II Seven days later Kerensky was deg |iosed l?y the Molshevlkl. The fall e and flight of Kerensky was the signal it for (iermany and Austria to enter into i( peace negotiations with Russia. On r November 30 the Holsheviki announc:i ed that Russia was out id' the war and e proposed that all the Allies join in negotiations for an armistice, n Russian and (h-rman representatives - met at Itrest-I.it ovsk on December \ 32, and terms of peace were exchangd eil. No progress was made with the [*, negotiations, and the conference was g broken up on January 11. In the e meantime, a new repuldic had sprung it I rum the side of Russia. It was n rkraine. it territory extending along t the Roumanians and Onlician frontier if from the lilack se.-t northward to s C'holin, in ancient Roland. With this republic, lite t'entral empires made if |k*:icc late in January. Pt... Ihll ?r <1... Itnlulinwlkl Mil. >, thorities to roach any agreement with ?< the (ii'i'iiians resulted in the renewal of hostilities on February IX, and the t (iorinan armies moved forward once y more. s Bre*t-Litovsk Treaty. o This brought about a renewal of the |H'ace negotiations, and at I treat; Litovsk the Itolsheviki were ulven to understand tliat (lermnny would re: cognize the kingdom of Poland, the |_ re|iuldic of Ukraine, the independence of Finland, and the separate gmvm4 mental status of Lithuania, Ksthonia and Livonia. Turkey, as an ally of n the Central powers, was given a great p area to the east of the Mlack sen. including the regions of Ilutum, Kara and Krivan. t. With the announcement of the flnal .s sinning of the treaty between the . Itolsheviki and Herman y, the Allies y gave up hope that Itussia would re,. main in the conflict, and at once they began to strengthen their lines against r. the coining of the great Herman oflVn,1 sive by which Merlin and Vienna n ho|ted to force the Kntente nations to make peace, k With the greater part of her tcrriit tor.v occupied by the Hermans, Austrians and Mulgarians. with lier govv ernntent driven from Bucharest to n J assy and with the Kussian Itolsheviki . openly hostile toward her. Koumunia ii found herself in a critical situation, o Itoumanian troops during February s and March advanced into Itossarar, Ida, a part of the new republic of ?. Ukraine, but they were hemmed in . by the enemy forces and obliged to withdraw. At last, on May 6. Uouo mania signed a treaty of peace with . the Central powers. t> lty this treaty I'oumania lost the I, province of Ifobruilja. on the south i> side of the Danube, which she hail re. celveil after the Balkan war. anil ; agreed to a reetilleatlon of her west . ern frontier. Economic concessions e .also were tnnile under pressure from - the Teutonic alliance, s The period between Di>cotnl>or 1. k 1917. anil March I, l'Jls, may be calleil t the period of peace tentative**. It is true that before the end of the sumr titer. Pope Benedict made an appeal to t the warring nations to enter into g pence negotiations, the basis for a pourparlers being the restoration of a Belgium and Serbia and the rwturn to y (lermany of her lost colonies. This j appeal, made on August 13. was an. swered by President Wilson on August a 29. when the president announced that t the German government as constituted (. could not be believed and thnt the r Pnited States was ready to enter into a negotiations when the German people showed they desired peace and when s they spoke through any authority . which would be representative of k them. The German answer to the pope's . appeal reached the Vatican on -S>'P. temlier 21. It expressed hope Wiat c further warfnre could be averted g through the good offices of the pope, . but declined to enter into any engage" m.ml to niH<t what the Allies linil de e elared to l>e their minimum war aims, n German Peace Offer, [i Oerman efforts to secure a peace s which would leave Germany all the fruits of her victory pained throuph r, Russia's Collapse, and with Itclpium a and larpe portions of France to be t us?-d as pawns at the council table, e bepan with the address of Count ?. Ozemin. then Atistrian foreipn minisn ter. at Brest-Htovsk. on December 20. t The keynote of the address was gent oral pence without annexations and t. indemnities. On January S. President Wilson, nd. dressing congress, said that the I'nltr ed States must know for whom the o German rulers were speaking. The - address- was a complement to an ndr dress made on January 5 by David d Lloyd George, the British premier, it To these addresses reply was made n by Imperial Chancellor von Hertling t of Germany, and Count Czernln. The latter was pacific and conciliatory In n tone, while the former, alluding to y "the good German sword." showed he o was speaking for the militarists of the ?, Germanic powers. d To these replies there was rejoinder by President Wilson, who on Febru- ni itry 11, a train addressing congress, laid down what have come to lie known as di the "Four Principles" u|?on which T peace can la- based. llriefly, thdse 01 principles were: Ik Final settlement must lie based on p< essential justice. di Peoples and provinces are not to be tl bartered about like chattels. m Every territorial settlement must be ol for the benefit and in the interest of tf the populations concerned. tc All well detlned national aspirations tl shall be met with the utmost satisfaction consistent with the future peace, jk Pope Item-diet, in a pastoral letter II issued at Easter, made another appeal p< for concord among the peoples of the world, but it brought forth no t.ongi- fc ble results. At the po|>e's behest, tl prayers for |s-ace were offered in Catholic churches throughout the is world on St. Peter's day, June 28. er In April there came revelations from n< Paris that Kmporor Charles of Auk- tli tria had written letters to Prince Six- n< tnw nt* Itdiit h?n *i In (liPHf communications the Austrian monarch in <oiu?<l<?J the claim of France to Al- al sac<> and Lorraine and hinted that fo peace overtures would be welcome. ni As the result of this, fount Czernin, m th<- Austrian foreign minister, was reinoved from ottic<'. It The most recent addresses on the al Nubject of peace have been delivered to in tile (Jcrman relchstaK, one by Dr. ol voii Kuehlmann. tin- foreign minister; s? ami the other by Imepriul Chancellor H von llertlimr. The former's sensational admission that the sword by itself pj could not bring peace resulted in bis pi resignation, and von Hortling's address voiced the sentiment that n? a Ioiik as the Allies were intent ujion th "destroying tJermany," the war must c< go on. > cc List winter it become known that d< t he (iermans were massing forces on la the western front, lteports came that hi large units were training behind tlu* lines and tliat new and more terrible a engipes of war than had been known in before were to be used In (Jermnri of- sli foils to break the Allied lines, crush T1 their armies and force them to make Al peaee. The drive was well advertised ro and even the place where it was to wi In- launched was known with compar- M alive certainty. vi Cut tlu- morning of March 21 the ar ??<??. oCt.w.L- from tlin vicinity of Arras, 011 the north, to La to Fere on ttic south, and centering their im heaviest columns against the Itritish to forces under (ieneral Cough, at St. |y tjucntin. in j Staggering before the Impact of the ra blow, the Itritish army fell back rapidly. For eight da>s the Germans IKUtred through the old Allied line in cn an effort to crush the itritish and drive to a wedge between them nnd the ra French, who were holding the lines to Jo the south. Then came a period of re- n action and the Germans came to a H< stop. The jv had xirlven n ha ail lor 16 . miles, along a front extending more loi than 50 ntiles before they were halt- wi col. dc Hardly had their legions been held Fi before Amiens than a new offensive was begun in Flanders on April J. It ha swept the Itritish back through Ar- la menticres, but did not break their v| lines. The Itritish, with the French lie who were rushed up to the front, sb stopped the Germans after tluty had Ct reached the hills southwest of Vpres. to There, on April 9, the Germans suf- 25 fereol a terrible defeat and halted ed their offensive in that quarter. Mil Foch in Supreme Command. In the midst of the drive in the sector toward Amiens the Allied nalions took a vitally important step. |M They named General Ferdinand Foch, ()f hero of the llrst battle of the Maine, generalissimo of the Allied forces on the western front, which includes all j(r the line in Italy as well as in France. Kvcn the Mtirman coast, in northern j|(1 Russia, has been held to !* under his j(| command. ^ Alter a period of quiet the Germans attacked once more, this time on the Aisne river, and in seven days they reached tne Maine at l-hntcnu Thler- ,n ry, making n penetration of about 28 ( miles. At the Manic tliey were _ checked and th?* impetus of the blow was broken. ?" 19 With hardly a day's pause for reorganization of their forces, the Ger- ' ' mans attain attacked, choosing the 1 sector between Montdidier and Noyon. on tlie southern side or the salient driven into the Allied line during the ni March offensive, as the stage of their m onslaught. This offensive ran (or five days and was stopped north of Com- a" pit gne after losses which were described as unprecedented had ^pen in- m flirted upon the Germans. From June 14 until July 15 the Ger- sn mans were engaged in shifting their n forces and then they again struck. Tliis time the line of attack was from Kr Chateau Thierry eastward, around to r. i the north of Hhelms and then down the Vesle river to I'runny and from that village eastward to Mnsslgcs. This attack at the close of the year in developed into one or tlie most ambitious of the German strokes. Rl Foch Strikes Blow. j German forces crossed the Marne over a wide front, but were unnlde to pr make ground against American troops <an near Chateau Thierry and could not ?h advance rapidly further east. $3 They did. however, forgo' ahead on the north side of the Marne and between that stream and the mountain of of Ithelms. It appeared for a time th that they might reach Epernay. ?* Then General Foch struck a coun- Ai terblow, which is still In progress. Sp American and French troops attacked th the Germans between Fontenoy, on ai the Aisne west of Solssons and ltelleau, on" the Clignon northwest of s%t Chateau Thierry. So sudden and pow- Wl erful was the blow that the Germans hi fell hack rapidly until their reserves 0f could be hurried up. F< The rapid advance of the Allies, however, so menaced the German ag forces further south that on July 19 hi the enemy began a retreat across the ou Marne. On Sunday, July 21. French and Americans entered Chateau Thierry and pressed on after the re- |{( tiring Germans. th Since that time the Allies hare in gained slowly but steadily, not only he south of Soissons, but also north of the Marne and between that river and A1 nheims. There .are Indications that w: a German retreat from the salient is in dw under way. ' On June 15. the Austrians began a ' rive against Italy. It was a failure. t> he Austrians crossed the Plave. but i i the west bank met with such stub- b >rn resistance that progress was im- P )Hslble. Slowly the Austrians were tl riven back toward the river, and then d ie riave, swollen by rains in the ountains, completed the overthrow a ' Austria's hopes. After suffering ? rrlble losses the Austrians retreated P i (he eastern bank of the I'lavc from si ie Montello I'lateau to the Adriatic, si Among the year's operations of com- si iratlvely lesser importance were the l> ritish drives in Palestine and Meso- i'i ytamia, the Turkish advance in the n ruicamjs, the French and Italian of- <i naive in Alltanin and the fighting In le German African colonies. ? tl Jerusalem was captured by the Brit- ft h on December 10. nnd shortly aft- " ward the fall of Jericho was an- tl >unced. Since the taking of Jericho n i?* Hritijih forces In Palestine have t< )t been active on the offensive. l> General Maude led the British troops tl to Bagdad on March 11 and shortly P rterward died from cholera. His i> rces pushed further up the Tigris nil the intense heat of summer ter- * innted operations. f* The Turks, after the collapse of S ussia, took advantage of the demor- '1 ized condition of the Russian forces w i advance through the Caucasus and a >taln |K)ssi'ssu>n of the regions suii- tl tiuently ceded them by the treaty of sj rest-Lltovsk. The French and Italian drive In Al- (itinla began on July 6 and Is still in gi ogress. t| During the year Hrltlsh forces in 1 frica drove German forces la-fore W icm In German Kast Africa and in rman Southwest Africa and finally H impelled them to disperse or surren- a r. This took from Germany the ol st of tlie vast colonial possessions si Id by Iter when the war began. st The past year has been marked by m gradual decline of submarine slnkgs as compared with the number ol lips being built by the Entente Allies, he operations of the Hrltlsh nnd * merican destroyers have spread ter r among the "wasps of the sea," hile a great mine field completed in ay by the liritish navy converted ;1' rtually the whole North sea Into an lC en closed against U-boat activities. The hart)ors of Zeebrugge and Osnd, from which (Jerman submarines id been ojiernted against the En ten- 11 shipping, were either sealed entire- 1,1 or made virtually valueless as sub- il arine bases by daring naval and aii ids by the liritish in May. il' U- Boats in American Waters. 10 (iermnn submarines visited Ameri- 'K n waters In June and sank at least a' n ships, the field of the U-boat ope- ?' lions being from the north New rsey coast south to the Virginia pes and easterly half way to the ^ 'rmudtts. V The only United State* transport % st while carrying troops to Europe is the Tusconla, which was torpe- p >ed on the north const of Ireland on bruary 6 with a loss of 212 men. During the year 11 hospital ships ive been sunk by submarines, the ,y test and most flngrant case of this s' olntion of the Geneva convention 81 ing the destruction of the liritish ' earner Llandovery Castle, carrying 1 inndian nurses and doctors. This ok place on June 27. only 24 of the 01 S passengers on board being rescuw u I The total shipping reported sunk ' ace August 1, 1917, is more than al .'50,000. ' lc Against this destruction of shipping 171 e Allies have combined their shiptilding capacity. The actual num- ^ r of tons of shipping launched and 01 it into service has not been pubihed. Ofllcial announcements have ?' en made in the recent past, howev- " , to the effect that more ships are pi ing built than are being sunk. On ily 4, 90 vessels were launched at " uerican shipyards. The year's fighting has entailed eat losses, for most of the belllger- hj ts. During the drive into Italy last (j tober and November the Teutonic () mica Claimed rne capture 01 morr i. an ISO,000 Italians. In the German [>( fensive in France this year about o! 0,000 French, Itrltlsh, American and fl] irtugucso were reported to have Q] en taken prisoners. 0I Added to these losses are the casu- e( lies in killed and wounded. No defl- |w te figures have been Issued by Ger- jj any and Austria but it has been re- u irtcd on what appears to be good ithority thnt in the fighting from 0] arch 21 till June 14 the Germans lost ,u ore than 500,000 men. The French id Ilri'.lsh losses were considerably |{| laller, as the Allies ^were fighting ..j sm entrenched positions. The I'nited States has floated three eat Liberty loans. The proceeds of ese leans have aggregated $10,788.- F 1,000. The total war cost to the w alted States, according to latest o, allable figures, is $11,800,000,000. 0I nee the nation entered the war It h is extended credits to the Allies ag- st egating $0,091,590,000. c< The total cost of the war to Eng- c< ad up to December 15, 1917, wns aj aeed at 6,242,000.000 pounds, while \ vnch votes of credit are somewhat roller. At latest reports the total of c< e German war loans approximated 1,000,000,000. si International Disorders. hi There have been numerous reports disorders In countries engaged In oi e war. Riots and bloodshed have tc en reported from Germany and oi istria many times during the past tl ring and summer and there is lit- tl * doubt that the Slavic races of p istria are seethinar with discontent, oi Ireland came to the center of the n ago in this connection early in May. o hen a pro-German plot wtSl detected y it nipped in the bud, with the arrest n seventy-eight leaders of the Sinn >in. Recently disaffection was reported ^ ralnst the British in South Africa, c< it it has apparently been stamped it. al One Monarch Died. w During the year one ruler of a bel- ti re rent country died. The death of ol e sultan of Turkey was announced tl June, subsequent reports intimating ol had been murdered. tl Since the collapse of Russia, the n lied nations have sought to And a a ny to assist the people who are be- tl g exploited by the Germans. French, di tritish and American forces have ?en landed on the Uurman or Kola eninsula. on the north coast. They ave not actively Intervened, however, eing there only to protect Allied roperty, which had been landed at he port of Kola before Russia withrew from the Entente alliance. In Siberia there is a well defined ntl-Rolsheviki movement which has wn built up around . Czecho-Slovak rlsoners of war who armed themelves and inflicted defeats on the Bolhevlkl. A new government has been ft up there under General Horvath. resident of the Chinese Eastern raiload. Jniianese, Rrlttsh and American larincs have hem In the city of Vladrostnk for months. Countries which are not engaged In he war have suffered during the 12 lonths. Switzerland and Holland, be?g adjacent to Germany, have been treatened by the Central powers, a umber of times in matters relative > economic concessions. Holland, eseclally has been l>eset with dliHcules. and at present the Allies are rotesting against her exporting suplies to Germany. Norway has signed an agreement dth the I'nited States by which cointeroial relations may be carried on. weden has l?een dea'ing openly with ermany and has been threatened Uh a virtual l>oycott by Great Britln. Both nations have lost severely trough the depredations of German Bbmarines. IVnmark Is in a serious plight also ml it has been reported that there is roat suffering among the people of lat country. (Three new counfies have declared nr on Germany during the year, hey are Costa Iilca, Guatemala and [niti. The Argentine, although ngar break because of the machinations f von Luxburg, the German ambasidor at Buenos Ayres, has taken no :ep in that direction. Mexico has retained neutral. TILLMAN AND LODGE Striking Example of Close Senatorial Friendship. Henry Cabot Lodge, in his "Story f the Revolution," published just liout the close of the Spanlsh-Ameran war, records the letter of Anlony Wayne, written from the doathi'd oi Nathaniel Green, the oft-tested, ut ever faithful friend of Washlng?n: "I have seen a great and good lan die; great as a soldier, great as citizen, immaculate as a friend." The lata Benjamin K. Tillman, senior from the state of South Carolina, ft as a dying request that his eulogy f pronounced by his friend, the senior from Massachusetts, Henry Cabi Lodge. So here again ends on earth one ore of those historic friendships of i*> American senate, friendships hereon senator* of the north and sentut-, iiiioia i m i1 HI 1 ?een strict partisans of radically opMing schools of political thought and ptlon. Many such friendships have owered to full beauty throughout te 120 years of this forum of Ainerii's l?est and greatest. The friendlip forged and held with links of eel l>etween Thurman of Ohio, and dmunds of Vermont, as like that of onklin of New York, and Lamnr of iisHisNippi, remnin yet flagrant memries. Each decade finds reincarnated ithin the senate the ancient friendlip of David and Jonathan growing new at the top root of the supreme ive on earth?the love of man and inn. In legislative battle, in days now issed forever, the heavy battleaxe f the Southron of Cnrollna oft sparked s metal against the slender rapier r the Puritan of Massachusetts, but le Americanism in both men ever roved a bridge strong and wide lough to carry safely over, while neath the waters of their friendship; ,veetly mingling, flowed calmly on leir way. The senator from Massachusetts us had during his busy life of polles and letters many tributes paid im; none can be held higher than is political foe, fallen dead at his Dst of duty, ever a hater and fighter r social shame, political hypocrnsies rid religious cants, fighting always f>en and above board, an out-andnt man, should leave his exact and irrect appraisement among men to p recorded and the work book of "tils fe closed forever by his friend, enrv Cabot Lodge. The alchemy of friendship Rives ue to see behind the veil the better rul the nobler man. to see the real inn upon whose shield Kin* Arthur's nightly sword excnlibur has traced n his friendship immaculate."? 'ashington Star. Germans Beginning to See.?The rankfurter Zeltung is not pleased ith Emperor Williams' speech on the icasion of the thirteenth anniversary ' his accession. The paper disputes is assertion that the great war is a ruggle between two different world mceptlons?on one hand the (lermans inception of right, freedom, honor nd morals, and on the other the nglo-Saxon conception. "It Is not a question of two world inceptions," says the Frankfurter, but of two world powers each posses ng might the like of which the world is never seen before. "The German people were not told n August 4,1914, they were going out ? fight the Anglo-Saxon conception f the world until it conquered. Had iat been said, even In veiled terms. ie high unity of will of the German ?opie would have been rent asunder n the first day. For the Germans did ot think of this or that kind of coneption. He thought of the Fathermd'a need, of home, and wife, and rother" Famous 8cot Battalion.?One of the Utalkms which took part in the remt capture of Jerusalem was the Royal Scouts." This regiment Is prob My the oldest line regiment in the orld, and poesesaes the title of "Ponua Pilate's Bodyguard." The origin f this strange name is the legend ?at they are descended from a body f Scotchmen who were drafted Into ie Roman service a..*, posted in Jejsalem at the time of the crucifixion, nd now history repeats itself, and ie regiment is to be found again on uty in the Holy Land. EARNING THEIR KEEP I ? C Big far Gardea Belig Cultivated " At Camp Sevier. ti WILL PRODUCE LOTS OF FOOD ? h Revised Lexicon of Soldier Jargon? l' The Big Camp, Depopulated, it ' Beginning to Fill Up Again. (Cussed by the Censor.) Camp Sevier, July 25.?In an ar- xv tide written for The Enquirer several 4j, I weeks ago I gave a few notes from I (. ?H.. ulnni? dietionarv of a "rookie." I Since then I have become still further acquainted with soldier slang, due to w the fact that 1 have had greater as- h; sociations among the soldiers. I um t( giving in this article some of the latest p, I have learned and some which I have s not seen published In any newspaper. When your boy returns home after u Krltz In put out of huMincHB Home- |c time in the future, he will talk in a w lingo or jargon or language that you know absolutely nothing about. Your n learning in the language that he will speak may be helped a little by pe- Q| rusol of these: I,. B-ache?to complain. Beans?the commissary sergeant. 0| I Bean-shooter?a commissary offi- (|j cer- a i Black strap?liquid coffee. ct 1 Blind?sentenced by courtmartial m to forfeiture of pay without contlnement ia Bob-tail?a dishonorable discharge. 0J or a discharge without honor; to be >s| bob-tailed," to lie discharged or to be a| given a discharge without honor. n( (i'reclous few are being discharged now for any cause.) hi Bone bootlick on?to cultivate the h( favor of. cf Boots and saddles?trumpet call. ,|( j Bootlick?to flatter. ai Bucking for ordinary?giving clothing and accoutrements extra clenn- tr ing so as to compete for orderly. Bunkie?a soldier who shares the shelter of a comrade. Bust?to reduce a non-commissioned officer to the grade of a private. j Butcher?the company barber. Clt?a civilian. r; Cits?civilian clothes. C. O.?commanding officer. Ir Coffee cooler?a soldier who is al- m ways looking for an easy job. (There st are many of these at Sevier.) I) Cold footer?one who lacks courage, m Crawl?to admonish. is Dog-robber?name by which en- |>j listed men call a soldier who works m for an officer. (An offensive term, the m use of which generally results in t) trouble.) Si Doughboy?infantryman. w Dough-puncher?the baker. w Duff?any sweet edible. T Fatigue?anv extra work. C Goaty?awkward or ignorant. ui a smattering knowledge of regulations o and military law; quite loquacious and ti liberal with advice and counsel to w men In the guard house or other f< trouble. t< Handshaker?a soldier who tries to fr win the favor of the first sergeant or a; commander. h Hobo?the provost guard. U Holy Joe?the chaplain. S Hop?a dance. nr Mill?guard house. c< Jump?to admonish. L Old issue?an old soldier. I> Old IJIe?an old officer. tl Old man?the company commander. ri On the carpet?called before the S captain for a bawling out. R Openers?C C pills. Outfit?one's organization in the a army. M Over-the-hill?to desert. rr rills?the hospital steward. tl I'unk?light bread. tl Regimental monkey?the drum ma- tl Jor. tl Shoved up?to pawn. t< Sinkers*-dumplings. it Slum?a stew of meat, potatoes and onions, mostly potatoes and onions. \ Wind-jammer?a trumpeter or J< bandsman. p Wood butcher?company commander. o Due to the fact that many outfits have moved away during the past f. week or so, there are comparatively few soldiers at Camp Sevier just now. In fact, it is doubtful if so many as 5,000 are here. It Is easy for any one ti to tell wltn the personnel of the wmp 18 aown. I'lUture kiiuiik an m i Greenville and I'aris play to empty houses, restaurateurs advertise ham and eggs and fish and onions In vain; ir transfer men ply between Camp Sevier and Greenville passengerless, bar- ti bers at Paris and Camp Sevier sit around and wish for better times and Gtcenville merchants are lacking the smile that won't come off. Not for l?5Jig, however, will the strength of the camp be so low. While no infor- ti mation is available as to what organizations arc to be sent here, the understanding is that the latter part of August will see more men at Camp Sevier than have ever been in train- c Ing hefo at any one time before. Newspaper dispatches are authority u for the statement that the Thirtieth division which trained at Sevier and c which left here for "over there" in May, is in the big battle now going on over there. It would not be at all sur- tl prising. The Thirtieth was in the best of shape and just raring to get into it In a letter written from "Some- s where in France" three weeks ago. Quartermaster Sergeant E. Carlton n Hucy, a friend of mine, who is with the Thirtieth said: "We have been here long enough to get acclimated and to grow -weary. No fighting or I excitement of any sort has fallen to 7 our lot as yet, and believe me, we arc ^ getting mighty restless and impatient. The 'dope' among the men is that A something big is going to break be- ? fore long and that we will then get y our chance. Lord knows I hope so." r It would do progressive and wideawake York county farmers a world of ^ good to come over to Camp Sevier and inspect the huge war garden that is T being operated by the conservation division of the office of the camp ^ quartermaster. More than 100 soldiers. found to be unfit for military ^ service overseas are engaged In working this farm of 400 acres. All of hose men, or practically all of them, lad had farm experience before they ame to the army, so really they are ' n their element. Military discipline prevails among he farmers just sls it does among i ther soldiers. Every morning they < land reveille and each evening they < old retreat. They have their <|uar- I ?rs on the farm and every possible > onvenience. They work from S a. m. t 3 5 p. m.. hours of labor not in keep- < lg with the ideas of the awrrfgo * irmer about it: but it is iiuite si lot a hen one considers that it is done six < ays a week. There are very few .m.tra ni.toi.l.. tSt.. Armv whii nriirnm>l 1 Ight hours six days a week. * These farmer soldiers are delighted * 1th their work and though they can 1' live no part in the fighting over there I ley are glnd that they can assist In li rodiielnc food for those who can go weet potatoes, sweet corn, tomatoes, s )Phage, heans and peas and other '' i-getahles have horn planted and are e KiklnR Within nnolhi'r few t eeks soldiers of Camp Sevier will ijoy the llrst vegetables of their own I lising. < The fact that the officer in charge ' [ the great conservation garden ^ trdly knew the difference between a itton and corn at the time he took v targe a month or so a?jj^ makes no k ffrrence. He could do the hook work " id had efficient and experienced non- " immissioned officers and enlisted ien to do the actual fanning. 1' He did not hesitate at tackling this d l ining proposition despite his lack of ' cporiencc and much credit for its I' iccess thus far is due him. He is just h mother illustration of the fart that " ? matter what one is ordered to do h i the army, whether he hail ever v [>ard of such a thing before or not, v ? tries. Isn't It true that any man in do almost anything he wants to i if he tries hard enough? The v rmy, to a greater degree than any '' her place, is responsible lor one's ' ying. 0 Jas. I). Grist. ^ READY FOR BATTLE t s he Thirtieth Division i* Now in Line a in France. reonville News. t The 30th division, composed of men v am Soutii Carolina, North Carolina ill Tennessee and n few from other ates, has not yet l>een engaged In I1 io (treat Allied offensive hut with a re other National Gunrd divisions I; in the line ready to (ret into the ? ig light at any time. This state- It icnt was made by General Peyton (\ h larch, chief of the general staff of s te American army in Washington o nturduy in his weekly conference e ith newspaper men. information of hlch reached Greenville yesterday. It he 27th division, which trained at amp Wadsworth, is another of the It nits named by Gen. March. a Wrnicps-tpw of the dlvjnlflpii * ver to FrAacc^ ba/V^more complete f ninlng in this country than the 30th. t hlch was stationed at Camp Sevier >r nearly nine months. Composed tt > a preat extent of men from the best t imilies of the south, a law percentere of the members of the division \ ad belonged to their respective units i >r several years liefore the t'nited f tates entered the war against fier- * (any, and had. durimr that time, re- * oived a certain amount of training, ater, they served on the Mexican order for a number of months where > leir primary education in soldiering j 'as completed. Following this, they t ucelved a specialized course at Camp i evier in the latest art of killing > luns. The 30th division left Camp Sevier , bout June 1 for France and while | ttle has been learned of their move- t lents since their departure, no doubt ( ic guardsmen have been receiving j fielr final training under the noses of | lie Germans. Undoubtedly, therefore, i ie men are prepared in every respect s i test their mettle against the eno- , ?y. I The division is now commanded by , lajor General George W. Iteid, who i lined his command just after its dearture from Camp Sevier. . The organization of the 30th divisi- | n is as follows: < 59th Brigade of Infantry. { 1171 n regiment, ism 'icnnom1 inrntry.) * 118th regiment, (1st South Carolinn ifantry.) 114th machine gun battalion. (three oops of Tennessee cavalry.) 60th Brigade of Infantry Iltith regiment. (2nd North Carolina ifantry.) 120th regiment. (3rd North Carolina ifantry.) llf?th machine gun battalion, (three oops of North Carolina cavalry.) 55th Brigade of Field Artillery. 113th regiment, (North Carolina.) 114th regiment, (Tennessee.) 115th regiment, (Tennessee.) 105th trench mortar battery, (one oop of Tennessee cavalry.) Engineering Troops. 105<h regiment. (North Carolina.) Signal Troops. 105th field signal battalion, (South arolina.) Trains. 105th headquarters and military poce, (South Carolina.) 105th ammunition train. (South arolina. 105th supply train, (North Carolinn) 105th sanitary train, (units from all tree states.) Division Units. * Headquarters troop, (one troop outh Carolina.) 113th machine gun battalion, (Ten- j essee and North Carolina infantry.) , A CLUSTER OF DAISIES , s bring you a cluster of daisies 'hat I plucked as I passed on my way, 'hat smiled and spoke to me sweetly, 1 'hus recalling a once happy day. I ,n Image rose up from the shadows ull of beauty and youth and delight, he image of one now departed? 1 Vho filled ray child heart wttn mignt ler sweet little hands clasped the daisies 'hat I brought and laid at her feet, ls she sat 'neath the shade of the willows 'hat grew by a bubbling spring sweet. 'he laugh of deiight she emitted t'hen she took the bright beauties of spring, Vill echo in the chambers of memory, jvd their sweet notes" will ever there ring. ?Sevewaw. v PRISONERS OF THE GERMANS French Soldier Telle of Some Horrible Experiences. Itanpor. Me.. Saturday.?In contrast vith the anxiety or willlnpnes* of tlx* lerman soldier to fall captive to the VIIics. so often manifested, is the dooanitiun hi (iaston Julian IVfoirdt of A'oonscket. It I., now visiting relaive* hero, that ho would much rather lio lighting on the front lino than to ro through such pains and miseries is ho endured in two years spent in a ierrnan prison camp. l>efoirdt. who is 4. and well educated, was visiting in 'ranee when the war came, and very oon he was in the ranks. On the eeond day of his service at the front a- was wounded in the left ear l?y a ragmont of shrapnel, and three days ater he was taken prisoner. With many other prisoners he was ent 10 the rear, and there they were oaded with so many cattle In freight ars and started on a seven day's ride o the prison camp at AltengruliOW. "At every way station where the rain stopped." says Defolrdt, "the lei m:ui isople gathered around and hrew stones and spat In our faces. Ve were subjected to all sorts of inults. Many of us wore wounded, yet re got no attention whatever, being ivon scarcely fooii enough to keep s alive and made to sleep on the oors of the dirty freight cars. 'When finally we found ourselves n the (Sermnn prison camp, coniiions were worse, rather than better, 'here were about L'5,000 men at Alengrabow, all nationalities mingled ogethor. We were guarded by <lorlan soldiers who had been fcncapaciiited for service at the front, and rho on account of their wounds, rere revengeful toward us. Dogs Refused Prison Fare. "It would be ditlicult to picture in ,-ords the awful conditions prevailing ri that camp. Our diet consisted for he most part of ho< water and dea.ved vegetaldes?they called it soup, iometimes we wen- given herbs mlxil with grass to eat. Under sueli leal men t the strongest men soon fell lek, ami were scarcely able to move bout. The smell of this soup often ras so nauseating that men held heir noses while enting it. Ibigs lotild take one sniff at it and refuse o eat. "At times the men became so desii lately hungry that they caught and te rats, and even n dog. Occasional > lliej wm* linril III' I. ? >, unde by boiling whole. unelenncd errings Into n tbln Mould. tin heads, ones and scnles of the fishes being ervod with the rest. One utJhi1 pilsners wns operated on for append!itis after his tninsfor, and four hcrng heads were found lodged in his [destines. "I have seen prisoners, rendered lalf insane by hunger, fighting .raong themselves for hits of food. If mtflJEftUOMI ?CVC. PtftV'ft fit Wfln .. rom him by force and he complained o the gunrd, the answer would be: "Why are you not all friends? lilies? Surely there can be nothing o complain of.' "WVon the neutral commission vould visit the camps the prisoners vould be given a short cut of frankurtcr sausain- and a lump of bread, 10 that it might apis-ar that they veiv fairly fed. Sawdust Bread. "This bread contained all sorts of ituff. such as potato peelings, straw md sawdust. All prisoners were made o sign papers indicating their wilingness to work. If they refused to dgn they wore severely punished, rho men supposed that they were to ngage In farm work, but were sent o coal mines, salt mines and muniion factories. I refused to work in a nunition factory and was tied to a !>ost for three hours. One group of prisoners, who persistently refused to work, were told that they would be ihot and were placed under u special ftiard. At the end of eleven days, durng which they momentarily expect d to be executed, they were told that heir lives would be saved. "While in prison I slept on the iame cot for IK months, and In all hat time the straw was not changed ?nce. When I left the straw was fine us dust and alive with vermin. After IK months at Altengrabow, I was rnnslcrred to Merseburg. After an < x hange of prisoners had Iteen effect fl, I was taken to Constance, where I was provided with a new suit of lothes and was well fed and kindly rented for eight days before being limed over to the Allies. I suppose his was done in the hope that in my lew comfort and the Joy at being reeased I might forget the past. "In Switzerland I was taken in barge by the Red Cross and kept in he hospital there for 14 months. Had he Hermans given me proper treat nent for my wound I would have relovencd in a few weeks; as it was, ifter years-of neglect, dirt, semi-starration and hard work, I was In such :ondition when released that for a imr my life was despaired of. Even low, after the best efforts of the Red L'ross physicians and nurses, the left dde of my face is partially paralyzed uid I can see but little with my left ye." Defoirdt says that when he left the irison camp at Merseburg, the flernans did not seem quite so brutal as hey were two years before. They told dm the war would end this year, and vhen he left Merseburg they did not irem at all confident of winning. Government Loans to Farmers.? hiring the month of June $8,343,410 vas lent to farmers of the United Rates by the Federal land banks. The federal land bank of Spokane leads in imount of loans closed. $1,362,800. TAnfinrr Tiinn 1 1 Qfi finnHmtlnn? WArp ecetved, asking (or $5,127,011, and 2,>16 loans were approved, amounting to 16.7S3.527. On July 1 the total amount of mortgage loans placed since the establishnent of the Federal land banks was 1109,617,308, covering 48,297 loans, listributed as follows: Spokane _ 817,000,555 St. Paul 16,205,000 Dmaha 13,264,140 Wichita 12,292,700 Houston 9,807,741 S'ew Orleans 7,646,640 Lioulsvllle 6,f 04,106 Berkeley 6,698.400 3L Louis 7,172,172 Columbia 4,746.613 Baltimore 4,140,600 Springfield 3,861,696 - - " - "A /I . . * * V ?lL' ,.