Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

V** Y@?ILLE ENQUIRER. _ I88CTP 8g?'WKMa.T. l. m GRIST S sons. Pabii.hen.} % Stwsfa^: $or the Jroraotion of th$ political, ?*?at, ggrienttnral and (fommercial Interests of th$ f)eoj|l<. { SINGLE COPT, FIVE CENTS. ! ESTABLISHED 1855 YORK, S. C.. FRIDAY, JUNE 21. 1918. IS O. 50 McLAURIN ID THE PEOPLE Platform and Principles as Candl! date for Governor. HE WANTS SQUARE DEAL FOR ALL Would Perfect the Warehouse?Says Taxes Are Too High Because of Useless Expenditures?Would Adopt ] Budget System and Reduce Number of Offices. Whether John I.. Mcl-anrin is to !>< t governor or not, he is goini; to set tin- i IKU'i' lor tie present cnm|iaifrn. ami | such educational benefit jis may l?e i deiived from the canvass Is Koing to grow out of what he says and docs, l-'or that reason if for no other roa- . son, a lull summary of his o|?cuim: i speech at Karnwell is well worth | while, and we are KivitiK it herewith j as follows: < The State Warehouse. i I believe that the moral and spirit- ' ual welfare of a |ieople de|Miul.s 1 more upon their material piosperit.v than any one factor. ' The south has a natural monopoly 1 in I lie produi lion of cotton, which, it | fully comprehended and utilized, ' f would make her a dominating factor in tin- coiiiinerce and the civilization of tin- world. Cotton is our one ureal , money crop; it is the cornerstone of ., intcrnational liiiancc, and th?' main , factor in tlic balance of foreign trade. 11 has a I ways seemed to nic thai it was t wise statesmanship and true patriot- | ism to conserve its profits and protect tlii' smith in its mminpoly. ? Tin- one Knot ambition of my 1 it"? | has I s en In ih'Visi' :i pl:in of tiimni'i', i I.;isimI ii|kiii cotton which would m.'ikc < tin- south rich ;ind Independent. , In ilio distressing times of 11*11. t this drc.'iin took tin- shape of a state * warehouse system. The purpose was merely to make cotton a lluiil asset, f like l.oinls and stocks. I submitted ( the plan to the Federal Reserve board, t and received its uiupialitied approval, t At a time when you could not bor- j row a dollar on cotton in South Car- j olina, I secured ttie backing of Mr. i Harding, now chairman of the Fed- I end reserve board and we began to * borrow SO per cent of the face value t of a warehouse receipt. Similar plans .? were made In other states and the | price of cotton began to advance, h -s never stopped until it touched 35 ( cents, and it would be 50 cents a | pound now. if the Federal Reserve t board had not ipiit discounting cotton ( paper. , The price of cotton is largely a mat- | ter of utilizing credits. Ninety |ior i cent of the business of this world is done uiion credits based on pro*I nets. Money is a mere measure in the ex- c change of values. -Cotton has ataraya | been a basis of cnslit In anybod.vs" i hands except the man who made it. I was merely trying to make ft a * credit In th*- farmer's hands. With * cotton as a basis of credit only in the t hands of th*' middlemen, they can ? take it away from tin- farmers when- * over tliey please. Whoever control the expansion or contraction of cotton > credits, can control cotton prices,* Section 13 of tin- Federal Reserve i ** * iu ii... k.*v to ilit- situation. It is the only key. ? It is not pi ncrnlly known, but t Innis a provision tin to not only I'or ills- i count mi; pa|xrs based u|hiii the actual cotton, but also lor paper based \ upon credits that go into the production of the crop. \ With the proper machinery you can discount rent notes, crop mortgages. j and liens where the proceeds are to ( be used in the production of the crop, i To do this, however, you must have c the proper machinery. This is what I am attempting to do. and will do if < I am given the power. I This country can be transformed i from a credit into a cash country. Senator Mcl.aurin then explained ; how Mr. Harding had authorized him i and Mr. .1. A. Hanks to institute a I discount bank in connection with the i slate warehouse, lie also touched on i the insurance situation, lie said the | desire to complete these plans was I < the only thing that made him willing I to undurc the summer eamixiign. He i did not want any otlice except for the j public good, lie had resigned as warehouse commissioner with a two t year term at the same salary as the t governor. < Taxes. I The taxpayt rs and voters of this .* state have In-en bullied and brow- < beaten by a bunch of pretentious tin- < horn political demagogues until they i * '? * ?? -?* 1 i haw potion mm ine uunii ui MauuInp In lino to have their jtockets picked. Must politicians tlpurc that the state owes them a livinp. Init If so it wouhl he chea|?er to pension them. | lTseless hoards and commissions nro created each year, because of the g-rowinp horde of spoilsmen who demand an extension of the system as a reward for services performed for the machine. The wealth of South Carolina in ten years Increased less than 50 per cent and population 10 t>er cent, yet the expenditures have Increased 100 i>er cent. Now. all exports on taxation npree that when taxes increase faster than wealth and population, an unbearable burden Is laid on the people. N'o state, county or town official will admit that this condition is the result of his administration. It is not: it is the system that piles tip the expense account, which the taxpayer is compelled to settle. All of them have helped to build up a spoils system. 1 from the town to the congressional i pork l?arrel. A political machine office-holder * who connives and intrigues with the machine to make places for the job- 1 hunting wolves, who attach themselves liki* l?arnacles to the political i ship. Is just as dishonest as though he reached his hands into the public money Ktgs and abstracted funds for his own use. There are various kinds of robbers. ^ They run all the way from the brute who knocks his victim down with a sand-has. the porch cllmt>er who administers chloroform and painlessly extracts the cash, up to the smooth, polished representatives of monopoly, who simply through form of law take ' what they want. No less so is the man elected by the people, who aids in the extravagant administration -of [>ulilie funds. The clwi-r politician naturally tutors large appropriations. T It makes it easier for liirn to secure jobs for his heelers. We need: W 1. To uet the assessment of prop- w r-rt> out of politics. So lone as th<> T ritlicials assessing property are in p; polities, there will Ik- favoritism. n< 'J. Every state institution and tie- si paitrnenf should he limited to a ?l?-fi- |> nlte amount. , st 3. A governor who will throw the t? '-es|Kuisil>ility for excessive taxation <p >n th>- legislature, h.v the firm use of el the veto |k?wer, thus putting into practical effect, "So taxation without t< representation." Ill The way to accomplish this is: Ci a. A Budget system, with the gov- n< rnor, comptroller general and treasurer us a commission to propose up- <; propria iinns, i ois n.\< .-? umxi ?>? m (ponsihility. in 11. Do away with so many boards, B; oinniissions. etc., hy having one ndninistrativc hoard to control all state fi: institutions. Stop duplicating state <> Machinery. vi c. The recall to apply to every ex- I?< cutive from governor to coroner, so ,ve can fire the men we hire. ,li <1. Let the women who pay taxes th lave equal suffrage. Hi Efficiency. w Thore has lieen no effort in tliis state government for a real luisiness iilministration. Taxes in South Car- c': 'lina have douhled within ten years *S| nul yet who (hires say that in main- in enance of law or elllciency we have w iien I lettered? i venture the assertion that about >nc |MM-son out of every twenty of lie voters of South Carolina are on '''' lie pulilic pay roll in some capacity. inly voters are useful to the politi- ,-!l ians. You find few except them on lie 11.0y roll. This means the balance r" >f (lower Is held by the politicians. 1,1 This state and every otlier state Is looded with political leeches, per- " 'owning no useful work, but bending heir energies to keep up a machine hat will perpetuate their jobs, food ns|K'ctors, drug insjioctors, fertilizer '' nspi etors. oil inspectors, internal (Venue inspectors, special tax col- 1,5 ectors. whisky constables, charity in- w ipcctors, hook wonn doctors, pcllnrra experts. bone doctors, hog doctors, IK icriirn distributors, antitoxin dlstri- nr uitors. mad dog inspectors, white ilave agents, demonstration agents, ensu.s takers, crop bureau agents and tli in lid reds of trustees, all traveling <li .e..f (Vi/. an mn fletit overlnst ingl V vi rawing salaries ami piling up ex- to ense.accounts, all to the profit of the In optical machine anil the impoverish- in ncnt of the ordinary taxpayer who vi 'pays the freight." ill Whero Is it ull to end? What man th aitside of the lunatic asylum does not al mow that-ouch a eoui^TcettkMgKtf.- apt any private business on earth. sh No private business as loosely con- fo liicted as the business of state gov- gr rnnient would be able to survive with or his lack of ellicionoy. It is only Id lone at the expense of a constant be Ira in u|>on the jieoplc. pi We need efficiency: the economic of struggle demands it. in This Is the only basis for true pro- of frcss. ov .lust plain, simple, ordinary Ameri- ?|' an efficiency in public service. tli In 1913 tile tax levy was 51. mills; eo a 1 ! 17. it was S 3-4 milts. a| The total amount raised in 1 !*13. w vas ll.S5S.9IK. It< Tlie total amount raised in 1917. tli vas $2,71fi.922. m This is an increase of over 33 1-3 K' u-r cent in four years, or over in inn. Now some means must be pin- T. idod for this increase, so the tax Y< ominission have saddled it on land, pi Corporate taxes have been docrons- m d, an<l the tax on your land have v< eea increased nearly inn per cent ru ight here in Harnwcll. Ml Here is the proposition: You are lm roing to have a nine mill levy here of n Ham well on the old assessment, nit when you go to pay next fall. HI nstead of paying on an average of re 3.30 per acre, yhu will pay on $9.07 ft. icr acre. This places the entire burlen of the Increased taxation on the arms. Where you have been pay- ?'l ng $30 tax on your land, you will ay $90 next fall. A in a democracy, the ballot is a K neans whereby you place In power hose agents which determine and vi lominate your life. The farm is the 'oundatlon of prosperity. The alii- S| ince and the union have failed, "be- tn ause they listened to the cry. ' Keep >ut of politics." The greatest sue- CI ess you have had. was in 1911, when -ou put the states behind cotton wan*- or louse receipts. I say to you now, hat failure awaits you for all time to O 'omo unless you write your n.ns in i he soverelirn law of the lanil. You Ti uust invoke and control the mighty irm of this government, and instead u' being suppliants and beggars at the lands of a legislature dominated hy orjioratlon lawyers, choose and elect rj four own men. and be masters in the liouse of your fathers, rather than eggars for small favors. I intend to naugfirate a new era in South Caro- |> lina If I am elected governor. I,j Grover Cleveland said. "The will of -p the United States is law ut?on the Western hemisphere;" so should it lie with the farmers of South Carolina, rhey not only constitute a majority, t Init they represent more than any ni >ther clnss that conservatism which is the only sure foundation for republican Institutions. Constituting the jj majority, they cannot long continue prosperous and respited, unless they control the government. We have ^ ibout reached the period which Cal- ,j( houn prophesied when he said: "The Jays will come when the attorneys of big corporations will !* the emblem of real power, ami the great philosophy of government he an nnknown science." My friends, that day is here in South Carolina. Look! three lawyers and one blenial candidate and eter- s) nal office holder seeking the governor- p ship. I am fretting old. hut I will make one more fight for what Wood row Wilson said this country needed, ^ to "throw open the door of hope to the laboring and agricultural classes." y The United States and the Allies have reached an agreement by which 400.000 tons of shipping to t>e obtained from Sweden. r DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES I i hose Who Filed Pledges and Paid i Assessments. i Th?- state ami senatorial campaigns t ill In-gin today, tlw former in I tarn- j ell and the latter in Winnshoro. 3 irne for the tiling of pledges and the 1 >on Monday, anil a meeting of the i ate I'XH'iitivf- committee of the r cnwcratic party was held in the t ate library immediately thereafter, i i consider the various {tending t jest ions pertaining to the primary : eotions. < Several llth hour candidates en- < red. Gtorge \V. Wightmnn of Satin. ami Octavius Cohen of Monck's I arner, offering for lieutenant gover>r. ' X. O. Kvans of Edgefield, and T. ' . Croft of Aiken, were the surprises \ the Second congressional district opjtosiiion to Congressman J. F. yrnes. f Congressman Lever of the Seventh, i is four opiHtnents, T. F. Brantley of i rangeltiirg, T. <5. McLeod. Bislioplle, and George Bell Timmerman, t xington. Congressman Whaley of* the First strict, Conngressinan Stevenson of ie Fifth district, ami Congressman ^ ngsdale of the Sixth district, are ithout opposition. Two Come Too Late. E. K. Venter of Hichland, Oconee ' lunty. filed his pledge by telegram 1 inday as a candidate for congress the Third* district. The telegram * as not received try General Wilie r mes until 10 o'clock Monday morn- -s g. 1 tut us the lapse of time lictwecn v ie sending of the telegram aiul the " using hour in which a plftlcc could '' ivc been fthtl l?y letter after nppli- ' it Ion had been made for the forms " udd have been sent, the committee <J iled Mr. Writer's pledge as inaile- 41 late. ' J. A. (tanks of St. Matthews, 1 ached the committee just two min- ' es late with his pledge as :t candi- ' ite for the office of commissioner of ' rrieuitnre. commerce and industries. ,s (te suli-committee rejected the ' edge. which action was sustained e the executive committee as a ? little. ' \V. A. Stuekey of Hlshopvllle, did '' )t <|iialify as a candidate for govcr- I >r. -s Soldier Vote Problem. The committee wrestled much with e problem incident to voting sol- 1 i is, sailors and men In the civil serce. An honest effort will bo made provide opisutunity for every man " the camps and naval stations and 0 the civil service In Washington to 0 ite.as anticipated in the Horry mons e. enacted at the recent session of 0 e genera) assembly, but the task is most insurmountable. Tlic-itory that"Hoggs' ( mil lie provided at each eantonmsnt r the 15 counties of the Stnte. The eat task is to locate the absent vot. Military authorities are not over n nient with election matters and the 1 mths or boxes will likely have to be " need outside tin- three cantonments the state. As there are no specific L tits of South Carolina men at any these camps, the task is one of erwhelming magnitude an?l will retire strenuous effort on the part of < various county chairmen and exutive cointiiilteemen to bring any ipreeialde nitmlior of men in touch it It the election machinery. The rr.v act was adopted as a part of e primary rules and a central remittee, consisting of John Gary fans of Spartanburg, state ehairan; J. A. I terry. Orangeburg: Col. It. Itutler of Gaffney, and Macbeth ittinsr, Cttion, to provide for the apical ion of the machinery for the ilitary, naval and civil service >te. The Federal government has iled that no provision will he allowI for the men abroad to cast their illots. Candidates for the various lices are: I'nlted States senate?Cole L. lease. Columbia: N. it. Dial, Lnuns. James F. Rico, Anderson; It. Tillman, Trenton. Congress. First district?Richard S. Whaley, Itarleston. Second district?James F. Byrnes, iken: T. G. Croft, Aiken; N*. G. vans, Edgctield; G. Toole, Aiken. Third district?Wyntt Aiken, Abbelle: F. H. Doininick, >iewberry. Fourth district?II. Itomar, aartanburg: Satn J. Nieholls, Sparnl?urg:v D. It. Traxler, Greenville. Fifth district?W. F. Stevenson, hesterflcld. Sixth district?J. \V. Ragsdale, Flortee. Seventh district?T. F. Brantley, rnngehurg; A. F. Lever. l^xington: , G. McLeod. Blshopvillc; C. B immerman, Lexington. Solicitor. Third circuit?F. A. McLeod. Sum- t r: L. E. Wood. Sumter. I Twelfth circuit?I*. M Gnsuue, Ma- t on. Governor. p Andrew J. Bethoa, Columbia: R. A. 1 ooper, l<aurens; J. M. DesChamps, ock Hill: John T. Duncan. Cohun- ( a: John I.. McLaurin, Bennettsville; f homas If. Peoples, Barnwell, John I . Richards, Liberty Hill. > Lieutenant Governor. i Octavius Cohen. Monck's Corner; J. t . Llles, Orangeburg: G. \V. Wight- ' an. Ratesburg. Superintendent of Education. < V. E. Rector. Darlington: J. E. cvcaringen. Columbia. 5 Attorney General. 1 Clatid N*. Snpp, Lancaster; R. P. ' rarson, Allendale: S. M. Wolfe, An- ' >rson. 1 Secretary of State. ' W. Banks Dove. Columbia. Comptroller General. > C. W. Sawyer. Columbia. ' State Treasurer. i S. T. Carter, Columbia. ' Commissioner of Agriculture B. Harris, Anderson: W. D. Garri- ' in, Anderson: H. T. Morrison. Mc- ' lenville. 1 Railroad Commissioner. I H. H. Arnold. Woodruff; A. A. 1 Jchardson. Columbia: T. J. Mclaughlin.. St. Matthews; D. L. Smith. ' /alterboro; J. T. Vowell. Columbia. ' Adjutant General. 1 W. W. Moore, Barnwell. ' e < When Bombs Are Falling.?Marjra- < et Deland says in her article written i ,'rom France and printed In the June Woman's Home Companion: "I found in American girl who haa been drlvng an ambulance In Serbia, as certain hat 'the individual doesn't count' as , iny French woman I have met 'Oh. res,' said she. her eyes narrowing with nernory. 'yes, we always used to run *1 >ut and stand gazing up. when the ae- ? o planes came and bombed us. It was iwfully pretty, the sky is so blue A here! Well, you'd see one of 'em coning along oh?high, high up, you know * hen you'd see a little white puff, jult is pretty! coming down like a little ;loud. Well, it would be a bomb,' she 1 ndod laconically. ij "'But what would you do? Run ^ llde? Get some kind of shelter?* g "'Hide?' she repeated, puzzled. ^ Whv. no: what would be the use? q f'ou never could tell where the thing n vas going to hit.' & " "But It might hit you?* (J " 'Why, yea. I suppose it might,' she y laid, and frowned thoughtfully. 'Funly! You don't think of that, some- $ low. It doesn't seem to matter.' j, "There it is again! You don't relit- w er!" lo 1 ' la FEDERAL ESPIONAGE ACT nj 'rovisions for Violation are Very Drastic. g| Following is the principal section of ^ he espionage act, recently jiassed l?> ^ ongress and signed by the president: "Sec. 3. Whoever, when the Unitd States ig at war, shall wilfully ^ nako or convey false reports or false tateinents with intent lo interfere Qi rith the operation or success of the nilitary or uuval forces of the Unit- V d States, or to promote the success of | Is enemies, or shall wilfully make ir convey false reports or statements. ^ >r say or do anything except by way if bona lide and. not disloyal advice o an investor or investors, with inill cut to obstruct the sale by the Unitd States of bonds or other securi\v ies of tile United States or the makng of loans by or to the United ^ States, and whoever, when the Unitd States is at war, shall wilfully p] anno, or attempt to cause or incite ^ r mtcmut to incite, sulionUnutlon. ? m lsioynity, mutiny, ?r rviunui ui uui,. ri the military or naval forces of tin'nitcil States, or shall wilfully obtruct or attomiit to obstruct the re- V rutting or enlistment service of the ^ 'niteil States, ami whoever, when he I'nited Stutes is at war, shall illfully utter, print, write or pub- ^ isli any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, ^ r abusive language about the form I government of the United States, ^ r the constitution of the United _ .tales, or the military or naval forces J* f the United States, or the flag ot he United States, or the uniform .pt# he army or navy of the U^Wff Ting the form of government of the Inlted States, of the constitution of . he United States, or the military or . aval forces of the United States, or w he flag of the United States, or the ^ inilorm of the army or navy of the pi 'nited States into contempt, scorn, ontuinely, or disrepute, or shall ^ lilfnlly utter, print, write or pubisli any language Intended to Incite, irovokc or encourage resistance to he United States, or to promote the w a use of Its enemies, or shall wiliilly display the flag of any foreign nerny, or shall wilfully l?y utterance, ^ writing, printing, publication, or inguage spoken, urge, incite or advo- ^ ate any curtailment or production n this country of any thing or things. iroduct or products, necessary or es- ^ ential to the prosecution of the war a which the United States may be ^ ngaged, with intent by such cur- w ailment to cripple or hinder the j 'nited States in the prosecution of be war, and whoever shall wilfully , st dvocate. teach, defend, or suggest |(( he doing of any of the acts or things ^ a this section enumerated, and who- ^ ver shall by word or act support or avor the cause of any country with rhich the United States is at war or ? o1 >y word or act opjiose the cause of he United States therein, shall be ^ mulshed by n fine of not more than " in.OOO or imprisonment for not ^ nore than 20 years, or both; I'rovldd. That any employe or official of he United. States government who ommlts any disloyal act or utters w my unparlotlc or disloyal language, r who in an abusive or violent man- ^ icr criticises the army or navy or the (j lag of the United States shall be at w ince dismissed from the service. Any ^ inch employe shall be dismissed by j he head of the department in which ' he employe may be engnged, and ^ iny such official shall be dismissed by r< he authority having power to apmint a successor to the dismissed of- k lcial." (I ' w American Casualty List.?Seven n nindred and seventy casualties re- tl >ortcd among the American expedi- P ionary corfes during the week end- el ng last Sunday, brought the total H lince American troops Innded in tl nnorll. n vm, nnn in fi ASH A The second weekly summary of w nsunltlcs issued Sunday by the war 1> lepartment shows that the totnl num- w ?er of deaths from all causes is 3,192, li] vhile 4,547 men have been wounded n action and 346 are missing In ae- g ion. Including all men held prisoners h n Germany. '' The summary, which Includes Sun- 11 lay's list, follows: a Killed in action (Including 291 at t! ica), 1,172. Died of wounds, 364. cl lied of disease, 1,234. Died of acci- '' lent and other causes. 422. Wounded n action, 4,547. Missing in action, 01 [including prisoners) 346. Total casu- 8 titles reported to date. 8.085. With more than 800,000 soldiers a ?ent overseas, officials point to the w tmall number, 291, lost through ope- ? rations of German submarines as 0 ihowing the effectiveness of the con- a roy system. The men lost were on v the torpedoed British teamer Tuscania and Moldavia. The former was c taking troops from America to "Eng- n land and the later from England to e France. - d The comparatively small number of P men dying from wounds is pointed do 11 is Indicating the efficiency of the am- ? bulance and hospital systems, while * the fact that only 1,234 men have died 8 of diseases is accepted as proof of the f excellent physical condition of Ameri- h za's fighting men. l' I ^ - . hV. "eclipse of the sun 'jl ? tervs heBoneooB as Described By SelestlsL , whlc LI ECLIPSE CAIEFIILLI WATCHED ^ to d< stronomers Are Tremendously Inter- ona. ested Because the Occasion Furnish- Sl< es Opportunity for Calculations that deep Have Bearinj on Movements of Ali an ti Heavenly Bodies. i*am< i? ...... .. When the path or the total ecujise 01 ?? * te sun began to sweep across the Sud< 'nlted States on June S. starting at the outh lk-nd, Washington, at 2.55 In the the fternoon, and leaving the continent at dark rlando, Florida, at 5.42, perhaps the eyes lost anxious group of men in the cond Juntry was a party of five scientists, ' rree from the naval observatory at shlnl Washington and two from the Unlver- vor>" ty of Virginia, stutioned at Baker, whlc regon. There the shadow arrived at crow 05 p. m., and the duration of totality mom as 117 seconds, just eleven seconds "O inger than the eclipse which took a shot irge party of scientists from the U. S. tanci aval observatory to Spain some years *cr, < yo. Thes The uneasiness which scientists ex- arou trience ut the time of an eclipse, to- ordei ether with a graphic pen picture of great le phenomenon, is described In u nctei hmnunicatlon to the National Geo- color raphic society from Hear Admiral C. v,s,? L Chester, formerly superintendent of cnah le U. S. Naval observatory and com- deptl lander-in-chief of the American Hlvli :llpse expedition to" Spain. A part of neve dmiral Chester's communication is is- ment red by the society as the following ,ang ill let In- ways "The three principal stations of the f101'' merican party for observing the n>??< :lipse were prepared for the eventful mnsi (tli of August with the greatest care, rolln id the instruments adjusted to tlu* 8,-lvc tact location of the point occupied onl ' Ith retlned accuracy. The deter- e ilnalion of latitude was easy, hut us on? le stations selected were necessarily ,nn> ell away from centers of activity, the P1 roper means for determining longi- ''mot ule were wanting. Here the govern- awnj ent officials in Spain and the telegraph and unpnnics in Algeria came to our res- an'"1 ic and not only extended the tele- "T raph lines to our camps, hut detail- s,"itc 1 operators to assist us in the work. was "e.-werc thus connected at (iuelma ol,5H'1 tth the line astronomical observatory ^or ' l Algiers, and the Daroca and l'orta k'rap oi'li stations were given, at stated In- their rvals, the tick of the clock of the ?al ohservatory at Madrid. The ex- ^a",( insion line from Valencia to l'orto onon eoli alone was nearly 18 miles in l who ngth and was put up at very con-! d''en derahle expense to the Spanish gov- s^on pment grati was only one of the jnany fenthe eclipse expe'llnon "lAr' htch we were under ohllgations to onc le Spanish authorities. I desire to cnrn< ace on record here that so cordial ,ho as our reception from the alcalde of na,c [ gorbc as to include the offer of the ram< incipal |>ark of the city for a camp "'at round and a good portion of its mil- ^on iclpal huildings for the use of one of 'I0"1 le parties, hut its location was nhout num I miles within the eclipse licit, and ,noM' orta Coell, 10 miles nearer the edge. ' h'" as selected for station 2. ship "The morning of August 30th dawn- ^P"' 1 with gloom in the air as well as in 'ac'< le minds of many an anxious ustrono- 'arf< er in S|Kiin; great masses of hlack iner ' ouds chased each other across the ravens, as if hent on shutting out om the view of man the grand per- Rece irmance of nature nhout to lie enact; 1; hut toward noon it liegan to clear ,\r t our l'orta Coell station. There onnf eiv, however, signs of a return of the (0 j, oinls tlmt kent usJjotwccn lioue and ar for several hours. The Daroca ation telegraphed ahout two hours * ' i-fore the eclipse, 'Cloudy hut clear- ' <>m ig.' Our anxiety simply became in- mf n nslfled l?y this brief message. If it an(' ould he clear at one station in tjme T1 ) make observations, the strain of our the rer-wrought nerves would he com- prin insated for; otherwise the labor of whi< t-ars would be thrown away and 1 cy f ar the chief of the expedition would 1 i e the victim of the 'fool's errand.' "For six weeks preceding the eclipse drought had covered the land and , tenc le sky had been cloudless; but the ^ ant of rain left the air full of imuritles, and Its motion, lieing tnagni- A ed in our instruments gave an Indis- gav< net picture in our cameras that caus- whe 1 alarm. The storm then sweeping over in a pain, however, cleared away all the her nporfootions and caused a distinctiveess to our photographs rarely seen t urlng an eclipse. Clouds still sur- j t )unded us, however, drifting with t j reat rapidity and we watched with if) a een interest to see If they were steerig toward our objective; but the miss M hich they made was as good as many n,rs dies to us. We afterward learned lat at Betera, only six miles from ,hc orta Coeli, the sun was obscured by louds all during the time of totality. that : was then a source of congratulation q, lat the station had been selected at reas n elevation of some 1,000 feet, which. j.*un hile increasing the difficulty of trans- j,0 , ortation, gave us a better view of the nn clipee than could be had on the low- R0 | inds near the Mediterranean shores. ^ "Soon after noon the sun sent out her ? . arm lorious rays down Into the "gates of px{)r eaven' on as fair a view as can be p. nagined. Mr. Hill, assistant astrono- Ja] ler, in charge of the 9-foot camera, roac ailed my attention to the picture of he sun on his ground-glass plate. "As lear as a bell,' said he?not a uuiver Pnt 1 the atmosphere. "As the time drew near for the first pern ontact, all eyes became riveted on the p,p un. Suddenly Mr. Hill sang out, ^f>ln iere he comes.' It was twenty seconds "hP head of the time predicted, but why M 'e did not stop to consider. At first the nly through the delicate instruments revc ould we discern the contact of the sun *>y nd moon and no appreciable effect ras observed on the landscape, but as that he opaque body of the moon gradually in 1 overed the bright disk of the sun, the A mny thousands of interested observ- the r? became conscious of the growing Par arkness. We were then watching the Mrs artial phase of the eclipse, which K. night be seen by almost any of the 2.- wai 00,000,000 of the earth's Inhabitants san1 rho were favored with daylight and slop ood weather: but the comparatively gott ew in number who were located with- root a the (0-mile belt of totality were yet mar a see the .grand picture of the corona, of t 0JBS6fj.-i.-iut _ . FOR STATE OFFICES But Small Attendance at Opening Meeting at Barnwell. Columl>la State, l Marnwell. June IS.?The campaign j for governor anil other minor state oIlieers opened here unlay, with temperate speeches and little enthusiasm ' shown by the audience of hetcceen 200 and 800 persons. The speeches were uniformly pat riot le and breathed cooperation with I'tesident Wilson and ' his administration in the prosecution 1 of the war. John ti. Richards and John 1* Mcljuirin. candidates lor governor. claimed that the war is not the vital issue of the cam|Ktign. while the other live candidates. Robert A. Cooper, Andrew J. liethea. John M. IVsChamps. Thomas H. Peoples and Jno. T. Duncan, admitting other issues of moment, contended that the war against militarism Is of paramount importance. C. X. Snpp, candidate fop illtonii'V sreneial said that lie re object of our ambition. As th< n advanced across the sun the In it became greater. Presently t!i< oant tones of the ship's bugl< ded the cnll for action. A silcnc? over the camp, tlie memliers oi h had already ln-en prejiared tc advantage of each of the 1 or; secof totality which were given us jtermine the substance of the corowly and steadily the twilight ened, bringing with it a chill sue! ? common to evening. The stars ? out one by one, Venus particushining resplendent In the skies lenl.v, like a pall, the shadow oi moon swept through the air ovei landscape. For a moment uttei ness surrounded us; then, as out adjusted themselves to the new itions, the glorious corona appearn all Its magnificence. There Ing In the cloudless sky with silinfluence, was the crown of glor> h has been fittingly styled 'Hod's n,' a decoration that no earthlj irch can aspire to?the corona, reat rays of pearly white lighl out in penciled sheaths to discs double that of the sun's diameor several millions miles in length ailvepv streamers seen) built Ul nd the disk of the sun In rcgulai r, but apparently shoot out wit! ter or less Intensity, which Is char-istlc of the ways of nature, intc too dim to he noted by direct n, but which photography ha? led us to carry into microscopic hs. To the devoutly Inclined, tin fjo iteing who rules the universe is r more manifest than at this moL Well might they exclaim in th? unge of Job, "Doth lie not see my i and count all my steps, if I 1k-the sun whim It shines or tin 1 walking in brightness?' These ies of human beings who have surded our camp and thrown them's prostrate to the ground, crying in loud and distressed tones, show ffect on the superstitious; but nc who witnesses this beautiful piewill pass it by without n quickenulsehent or a display of conflicting ions. Even fowls and birds steal to their perches as at eventide, a sense of uneasiness pervades all inted beings. he interval of totality, ns has been d, was IOC seconds, each of which counted off In clear monotone by rvers stationed at the ehonogrnpli :he purpose of aiding the photohers in timing the exposure ol plates. in the times of our remote grand rs, when this mysterious phenomwas ascribed to the anger of (Sod was hiding his fare from his chil, there waa rejoicing when the sun e forth again, ami hearty copulations were extended to us all the eclipse of 1905 had passed -tii^ljMiiy nuuti smttrtii to at Is.tsi of our parties; and a telegrnn ; soon afterward telling me thai Daroca party had also been fortuIn observing It. Congratulations i? anew. On our return to the shl| night a telegram from Oaptair is, in charge of the (Sin-lma stntold that his party had taken r her of photographs which wen : promising, and Captain Miller, o[ Minneapolis, returning with his from the station off ttin const ol n. reported inteivsting and satis>ry observations obtained by Ids > number of draughtsmen in makpictures of the corona." GENERAL NEWS NOTES >rd of Current Happenings Col lected from Various Sources. i alleged slacker, arrested at liny>, N. J., last Sunday, was founc 0 the possessor of a fSerman iroi s. which he had In his pocket. 1 to the present time the state o lsylvnnla has furnished JX0.00( for the American armies at hone abroad. ie house on last Monday passes sundry civil bill carrying appro (ions totaling $2,915,019,417, o h $50,000,000 is for the emergen iind for use by the president. esident Wilson lias granted ful unconditional pardons to twi ate soldiers who had been sen ed to death for sleeping while oi inel duty at the front in France Brooklyn, N. Y. Jury on Monda; ; a verdict of $15,000 in a ens re a man lost his life, and $17.50 case where a young woman hn< big toe mashed. iventy-onc Mauser rifles with bay s were found by Federal officer he garret of a coal miner's horn teekcmger. III., Monday. The mai Ueged to be a ftorman. any of the street railway compa throughout the country are urg the government to mint a coin o value of 6 cents, many of the trol companies having raised fares t amount. meral Leonard Wood having bcei signed to the command of Cam| ston In Kansas, It is believed tha vlll soon be placed at the head o American expeditionary force t :o help the Italians, rlonel Pio. a veteran of the Itallai y, three times wounded in actior esses the opinion that the prln 1 objective of the present Aus a drive In Italy Is for the Huns t h the back door of France, tie Italians have dublied the pres Austrian drive as the "Hunge e," saying that the drive Is a des ite effort to calm the hungry' pvo of Austria, who are represented a g on the point of rising again* government. ore than $50,000,000 was paid lnt office of the collector of intern? nue in Now York last Saturda persons liable to Income and ex i profits taxes. It is estimate : the New York district will tur more than a billion dollars, private soldier recently entere American Eagle hut In Bryar k, N. Y., and gave this order t i. Jay Gould, who, with Mrs. V Vanderbilt, Jr4 happened to h ting on the tables that day: "Hat wlch. iellv roll and caw fee. Don > it. and (ret a move on. 'cause a get a train. Mrs. Gould got " e on." "Some waitress!** re ked the private as he backed oil he hut. scnted the efforts being made to ere. ate the war as a campaign issue. He . said that in his opinion fully 99 per . cent of the jnople of the state are behind the administration and infor1 motion going out that the war is an issue is hound to he misinterpreted hy the outside world, which does not , understand the issue. The tax question took a part of the time of some of the candidates. Kobt. . A. Cooper asserted that he could not promise to reduce the taxes if promess of the state is to continue. 1 >??tli 1 Mr. MeUturin and Major Richards disputed that there could not lie a , reduction in taxation. Mr. MeLaurln said that the tax commission was an effort in the right direction, hut 1 the fundamental theory on whieli it t is working is wrong. He said that the . creation of the commission was the first intelligent effort marie for the solution of the tax problem. J. K. Swearingen, in the race to sue, eecd himself as state sujKiinteiident of education, said that increased taxit t ion is a good investment provided lite money is wisely and economically expended. The poor people do not pay the taxes, lie asserted. Those who own property are the ones who are assessed heavily. S. T. Carter, who is unopposed for re-election its state treasurer, in a short address, said that it would be impossible to reduce the tax levy more than one-halt mill without se riousiy impairing me urpariiiii iu> , institutions of South Carolina. Their was an interesting tilt between Mr. Mehaurin ami Mr. Itcthca. the Marlboro candidate, commenting . on the s|teroh ol till- lieutenant gov| ernor whieh abonn<Ie?l in patriotic periods, said Mr. Ilethea appeared to lie iR-rfeetly willillK to let the other I l.llow tlo tin* tijzhttnjr. "Mr. said Mr. Mrl-aurin. "is young, ablebodied and unmarried and would look 1 good in khaki and lie would follow the i behest of President Wilson, work, light or iret married." "Senator, I have offered my services," Interrupted the 1 lieutenant governor." "There are a whole lot of sensible women in South ' Carolina." retorted Mr. McLnurin. Following the gubernatorial candidates the contenders for lieutenant governor presented tin ir claims. Junius T. Idles of Orangeburg, told of his legislative and parliamentary experience and his familiarity with the economic problems of the state as 1 chairman of the ways and means committee of the house, (leo. \V. WightI man of Saluda, criticised Mr. Idles and wanted to know where he was ' when the general appropriation bill f ww pwftBd uy i lie mat gfWftn?mr, sembly. Octavius Cohen of St. George, . was absent. Victor K. Hector of Darlington, for state superintendent of education. ? told of the struggle of his early life , in getting an education and was strong In his advocacy of vocational 1 training and compulsory education. John K. Swearingen. Incumbent, told t of his ten years' efforts in behalf of the public schools of the state. C. X. Sapp of Lancaster, for nttor ' m y i^iwil, 0ivo his record as assist< ant to tin- attorney general. ami askC ed tin- ts-oplo to judg< his uhillty I?y his ex|>eriencc. It. I'. Senrson of Al' lendalc. also in the race lor attorney ? general, saiil that while many of his . friends are members of tin- opposing faction, he was glad to say tliat he had never permitted his judgment "to Is- overwhelmed or view|K?lnt biased by the tlery utterances or spoctacular appeals to sentiment delivered in forceful manner of that masterful stump orator, cx-tlovernor Itlease. I could not follow where Itlease led. I " could not join in consigning tlu- con1 stitution to hell and I care now what , sort of America we have when 1 am gone. H.v the token of your lives, of labor devoted to the future of your children, you. too, care what sort of America we have when we are gone. 1 |ty the blood of murdered icitriots p who have given tlu ir lives for the future of their country we care what sort of America we have when we are I gone. Ity the pleading of the faint lips of orphaned infants dying from neglect in foreign lands, by the f shrieks and moans of ravished worn en in the clutches of the derman beast, by all that is left of goodness ami love and purity in this turbulent 1 warswept world, we care what sort of an America is here when we are gone." s. M. Wolfe of Anderson, the third candidate for attorney general, ri said that he was defeated three times , for olllro In his county because he was opposed to Hhnsrism. y , ^ , p THE POLECAT n I Life Story of a Very Peculiar Animal. The oft re(ieated <|iiotation. "A rose g by any other name would smell as (. sweet," is nn argument ngninst this interesting little animal, trying a change of name in order to make Itself more |>opulnr. in some sec" tions, it is known as a skunk, a wood" pussy or an essence-peddler, but no ' one has been able to notice any mark" ed difference in the aroma. If It were D not for this one idiosyncrasy, the striking Peaut.v, tne piayrui oisposin tlon ami the friendly ways of the lit p tie creature* would doubtless have t made him one of the most beautiful f of pots. Ho Is a symphony in Mack o and white, and if ho only had a dash of crimson about him. ho would ron mind ono of that drummer of the woods, the rod-hoadod wood picker, so abruptly-does tho tdack of him end and that white of him begin. There is no gradual shading of white into black but his colorntions are as startling as the squares on a checker-board. A well grown specimen is about two r feet long, or about the size of an average cat. The l>ody is thick-set; legs rather short: tail even more bushy s than that of the souirrel: claws well 11 developed and curved, and the Ixittom of the feet hare. The hair which Is ? long and wavy, i? 'he clearest black. ' To relieve this rather funeral asjioet, y two stripes of purest white begin at * his eyes, run along the sides of the ^ head, widening as they traverse the n body, and continuing the full length of the tall. Altogether, he is probably d the most striking personality of the it country-side, as well as one of the 0 most easily seen. He belongs to the '. same group with the weasels and the e minks, ail of which have the power of n emitting a very strong, musky odor, 't when angry or frightened. This 1 proves to be quite a protection, as a most of their natural enemies seem i- to lose their appetite after a few it whiffs. But it remains for the subject of our ' . - " * ' . J.-.. J. [sketch to perfect an odor that renders him as safe from harm as if he were locked up in a Itrltish tank. The realization that no one. man or heast. is laanu to say him nay. has served to make hint a trilling arrogant when in the presence or these animals that would jrladly make a meal of him were lie not so higld.x seasonal. As for man lie fears him least of all. and lie crosses his until with a studied indiffer once. and with a dignified eoni|>osuro that n> ver falls to pain hint n free ami undistuil-I'd passage. So sure is ho of tho ottioaoy of Ills hidden w<a|M>n tiiat ho stalks ahroail with tho air of ono owning the earth, and king of all lie surveys. It is only when laboring under some mental exeiteincnt, such as sudden fear or anger, that he tinnsforuut the landseajH* into one vast smell. So if our could always manage to keep him in a goou manor. a nil do uoimiig 10 nunc his feelings, wo know of no more lit tcresting follow among our nntlvo animals. Tho glands tHat sooroto this terrible fluid uro located undor tho huso of his tail, and hy suddon museiilar contraction, it can ho thrown some ton hot. It is discharged in the form of a vi ry tine spray, and so |K>worful is it that two or three drops are sufficient to |terfiimc the air lor a mile around. It is intensely volatile, and the instant it is cX|>osed to the atmosphere it evaporates, and that pnrticular part of the country becoming uninhabitable, and the air no longer fit for breathing purposes. Leaving out this drawback, which must be confessed, is a serious one, the polecat is a very beautiful, a very harmless and a very usi ml animal. The unnumbered hold mice, beetles, snakes and other harmful pests lie destroys, more than I my the farmer for tho occasional chicken he may loot. In regions where hops are raised, he renders the farmer a distinct service in hunting and eating the large grubs that are so destructive to the roots ol the plant. It is probable that in the distant past Imiitl'ai lti> tt'aittl into fl>.? luiefiiiti ery business, ili;it In-. like other small animals, was compelled to he forever on the nlert to i scape the siulileti attack of some enemy, so his muscles Were h:ir<t ami lii.- tlesli le:in ami firm. Hut finding; that he no longer hail to exert himself, Inn that he was sale under all circumstances, he has grown fat and In sty, and spends most of his time tailing around the woodland restnuiants, feasting on the good things that nature has provided. His summer home is usually in a huriow under some stump, log or pile of rocks. If he should eorne across a woodchiiek's hole that strikes his fancy, he just moves In. and when the owner of the harrow finds out who the intruder is, he turns over the premises / without n word, and quietly hits th> I fJ trnil for a healthier part of the couu- I -U* Lllii utlW lilllBlHIt, I'klj -KUtllg' "* 101 km, ne 11 kch to nave minus comfortable, so back In the far end of the burrow is a big, luxurious couch of leaves and wrasses. Ilere in the early spring the young are born, and when they are about half grown. they coine out and follow their mother in straggling Indian file, as she drifts along in the twilight, in her leisurely, unhurried way. Knowing that he is more than a match for any creature that has to I bl'eatlie the air, tile polecat lias lost the wildness that characterizes the small folks of the woods, and has become almost brazen in bis boldness.? *. A. I In the Greenville News. COKER CALLED DOWN Chairman State Board of Defense Made Bad Slip. Congressman W. F. Stevenson has made public the following letter in reply to I). It. t'oker, rewarding the calling in of cotton loans by Federal Iteserxe banks: "Mr. P. It. t'oker takes issue with in> statement made on the fluor of the house the other day that loans were being called on cotton. He takes his issue oil the Federal Hoserve bank at Itlchmond. If lie will take the trouble to read the speech I made on Friday, June 7. page k.Il'S, Congressional Itecord. he will sec that I made no charge that the Federal Hesi-fen li'itiLr M'nu fillimr I no n u ???nl I ???? Ihoioiighly familiar with th?- spirit of the board hero at Washington on that subject. "Hut letters in abundance from my constituents complain that their loans are being called by their banks and .Mr. foker doesn't know he Is behind on Information and this was what I stated, but since he rushes in to defend the banks of which he is n director, I will endeavor to show him that it is not above suspicion. "In a letter to the Union National bank of Columbia, dated May 10. ISIS, relative to paper It was offering for discount, tho Federal Reserve linnk* rif fH#*hnrtrinH " 'We have observed that you have U-en assured that this cotton Is not being carried speculatively, luit we rannot see why farmers should be holding their cotton at this time and wish to advise you that the two notes secured by cotton must he retired at maturity and we will not be willing to rediscount any renewals thereof.' "If that is not calling a cotton note because they can't see why the fanner should hold longer, what Is It? Xothinw can bo plainer. When Governor Harding of the board bore saw that, ho got busy with the Richmond bank and I am informed that It ehanged its policy. If Mr. Coker Is not satisfied with that I will furnish further probf. I am not nccustomed to speaking without proof of my facts. "The Associated I'ress reports of my speech, which was on taxation of cotton . and cotton manufacturers, made me appear to attack the manufacturers and charge that they were making 300 per . cent profit, when I was criticising a statement from the Wall street market which made that charge and stated that 'It would bo pleasing to Wall street to see both cotton and cotton manufacturers especially taxed' In the forthcoming revenue hill. I said, 'I am not admitting that they are making that large profit, not admitting that they should be specially taxed more than to have ali excess profits heavily taxed.' The manufacturers are entitled to the same treatment as any other industry and I believe that there should be the same tax according to profit levied on all and that will be demonstrated by reading the speech."