Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^^ I8SXy?P SgMl'WKgHLT. t * oaiST S sobs. Publishers. ; 3 rfamilj Jlficspaftr : ^or the promotion of the political, fecial, Slgrienltnrai and Commercial interests of the |eoji<. j "Ix'l,?cop**? *c* NCt established 1855 YORKTS'.' C.. FEUDAY." APREL^13719187^ NO. 30 vision not hi 111; stirred, not even mo ( allm-Mo houghs, tli.it rustled with the least breeze like the sound of the sea. Wallaee hail mils the most eoiil'used anil incoherent knowledge ol w hat was ha|i|M'iiinv on that historic day. There hail he? it an advanee in the cool of the morning, it a brief respite from the opplissive Ileal coilhl la- called cooliii ss in eoiiirast. Then came the deplovnieiii along the hase of the hills as I It I shells began to tail, tile aiHanee in i,p, n order. in which the iiii l\ ineijlcateil teachings ot the Isiiaile gioillld fell to pieces, the inmlile ol in a. of companies and, l.iti i ni 11 mil nts. pressing forward pa t the dead and still ken, the shouts, i In laltle ol niacliine irons and titles. Haiti i u s i*aiiie galloping w here thev had llo tlieoretical hlisiness to hi-, lipset I in:: Ihi jin-iiu miller's desperate attiuipts to piesi-ivi alignment: Ued i'loss men invaded tin- battle line to siici or lln wounded: commissariat linili s. seal,iim olf the leth.'ll'gy w hich no amount of belaboring had ever oMiiomi. ran away with supplies and strewed i-mhalined beef over the hillsidi. Ill tie u.ids! ol it all Wallace had rallied some men of his own troop and led them forward; he plunged into the patch ot scrilh-covered jungle, ami Iminu ih.it he was alone. In lrout of him was a small clearing. made l>y some Cuban sipiatter in the preceding year and abandoned utter the reaping. It contained the ruin of a palm shack, and the furrows scraped by a primitive plow were only just discernible amid tin- rank growth that had sprung up. The lieutenant stopped and shouted, expecting to see tils men come running through the t roes. Hut none appeared, and It was at ? ' * '"rftfs mhiflttii-ififti' ffre fulfftt fftnt "ftrtu" been stumped with his name, arcoming to tlit- soldier's superstiton. foun t him. lie felt a smart blow on the shoulder which knocked him backward. stumbled, fell down, sat up attain and discovered that his elbowwas shattered. The mm hum; helplessly at his side. He managed to hind up the wound with his hand and teeth. There was not much pain, hut a sort of physical languor, which made him reel giddily when lie arose. There was burning thirst too. It was extraordinary that a little thing like that should take t In- it lit out of a man. A little blood was running down his sleeves, but the wound Seemed trivial. Wallace leaned against the wall of the shack and waited for his men. lie shouted once or twice more, but nobody answered him. and the battle seemed to he drifting in another direction. Wallace imagined that his troops had advanced around the patch ot scrub, in which case he "was not likely to establish touch with thelll again till nightfall, lie cursed his luck and started forward, but the trees began to reel around him: lie clutched at the wall of the shack, missed it and tell. Then lie realized that lie was out of the tight. Vet. in spite of his intens< disapiHuntmcnt, lie knew that worse might have befallen him. He Itad fought through hours of the day?that was much: he was probably spared to lead his men again?and that was more, lie had found and proved himself; and at twenty-one a young man. for all his self-confidence, is coni|Miscd of fears and doubts as well. In spite of his soldier ancestors. Mark Wallace had not been sure that Ids rapacity for leadership extended beyond the parade ground, and he had suffered from the young soldier's inevitable fear of fear. So he resigned himself to his situation. lie emptied his water bottle and. gripping the end of his gauze roll with ills teeth, managed to bandage his wound sufficiently to stop the bleeding. The languor, however, was increasing. Sometimes he would doze for a few moments, awaking with a start, to wonder where he was. and what had happened. The air was very still. The shouts had long since died away, the rifle tiring was a distant crackling: the tremulous staccato tapping of the machine guns was like the roll of drums far away. Wallace must have slept for a prolonged period, for when next he hecame conscious ho started up to sec. to his intense astonishment, a pretty little girl of three or four years standing In front of him and looking at him. Hi' ruoiuM nis fyr?, expecting ?? ilisiipt^ar. Hut she was still thiTo, ami just as ho was beginning to piece together n Spanish phrase she spoke to hint in English. '1 wnnt my daddy." Wallace reached out nnd drew the child toward him. "Where is your daddy?" he asked. "And who are you ?" "I'm Eleanor." she answered, "and won't you please find my daddy for me?" She pointed with a grimy little hand toward the interior of the shack, and Wallace, struggling to his feet with a great effort, made his way inside. It was almost dark in the hut. and Wallace could only make out with difficulty the form of a man who lay. face downward, upon the ground near the wall. Presently, however, as his eyes became more accustomed to the obscurity, he saw the bullet wound In niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii | "Bride o 5 liv VKTOIt | A ROMANCE OF THE ! FIGHTING ON ^ FIELDS O: ? C<t|i,\rlKlii * niiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ?'H.M'TKIt I. I.i< iil< riant Mark Wallace "I the* Seventieth Ni-w York regiment, lame to mi abrupt standstill. He was alumin Ha- jungle, upon ttii- blazing hillside l? lore Santiago, in the month of June, Isjs. Through the branches of the trees the Mauser bullets still whipped atld whistled and the prolonged screech of sh< lis and distant shouting indicated thiil the battle, which had raged all ?J;a y, had Hot V# I ! a<h*d lis lid. Mill within tin* short radius ot Wallaces mini ? /Battle" |; KOISNK.U' = ! AMERICAN ARMY 1 J THE BATTLE- | ? F FRANCE. 1 i V. <i. ( hapmun. E , iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin tin- Pack of the head. He looked up at the child, who 1 stood by, unconcerned, "do away, Kleanor," tie said gently. The child, too young to know nn>- r thing of death, went out of the hut 1 and began to play in the shaft of sunlight that filtered through the branch- 1 es of the palms. Wallace searched the 1 dead man's pockets. He found noth- 1 wig. however, except a military pass. 1 signed by General Linares of the ' Spunsh forces, authorizing the bear- 1 er to pass through the lines; and, after a moment's reflection, he decidt J to leave it on the body. So this man had been the child's ' father, and, apart from her speech. ' his coloring showed that he had been ' an American. Wallace concluded that 11 he had been a planter, trapped in 1 Santiago. He raised the body on his v arms and tried to turn it over, but * let it fall when he saw the work that the bullet had made of the face. He ' must not let the little girl carry away ' anything of such memory as that! ' He groped his way outside and v beckoned to her. "What is youi other 1 name, Kleanor?" he asked. The little girl only looked at him: * it was evident that she did not under- l; stand the meaning of his uuestion. ' "Did your daddy live in Santiago?" My daddy has gone away. I want e him." said the child, beginning to t whimper. ' Wallace tried her once more. I' "Where is your tnatnma?" he asked. I Hut she said nothing, and he sat c down, propping himself against the shack. He drew the little girl down beside him. <1 "Now, listen to me, Eleanor." he said. "Your daddy lias gone away. ' lie will be gone for a long time. You t must lie good and |>atient, and soon somebody will come to take care of u you. I)o you understand?" v The child's lip quivered, hut she did not cry. She fixed her large gray eyes s u|K>n him. I "Who are you?" she asked, with the directness of childhood. i "My name is Mark." i "I like you. Mark. I will go with you till my daddy comes hack." f "All right. Then sit down here he- I side me and play," muttered Wallace, ti wondering rather grimly what there was for her to play with. a Hut" the grubby little fingers were ^ soon busy in the sandy soil. Wallace r watched the child, wondering who she e was. and how it had happened that the lather had been forced to take her ' into the jungle, into the midst of the " contending armies. Her clothing was almost rags, and she must have been *' drenched by the rains of the pieced- " ing night. It had certainly been a des- * perate and a difficult adventure for s the dead man. i r?,,? vVf.ll.,,... P i ru* Jigm (a^uu iv iuv.<. hall delirious now from pain and k lliirsl. Mtil??l to preserve Ids con- a sciousnoss for the sake of the little " Kill. Sometimes he would emerge l' from a semi-stupor and look round ^ lor her anxiously; hut he always a found her, no great distance away, a building sand castles out of tin* soft ? soil and chattering to herself as hap- v pily as it she had already forgotten **' I her sorrow. a When he aroused himself finally, it 01 was to see the flash of a torch in his eyes, faces which he recognized were ,( looking into his own. There was Crawford, the senior lieutenant, who w had graduated from West I'oint the a year hefore, and Captain Kellerman; there was his own negro servant. vv Johnson, with a look of alarm on his ebony lace; find nearby we're two > men from the ambulance, carrying an 0 empty stretcher. '' Wallace moaned for water and the 0 sense of the liquid in his throat, warm though it was, brought hack 11 consciousness with a rush. "Well, we've got you." said Crawford cheerfully. "How are you feel - " ing, old man?" _ '* "Fine. Have we got Santiago?" r< "Well, not exactly, but nearly. We've s< carried all the trenches, and we're * waiting to get our big guns up. Arm ^ hurting you?" s' "No," said Wallace, stifling a groan. "Say. Crawford. I supfiosc I was de- h lirious. but I thought there was a kid si here." a As he spoke he caught sight of Major Howard emerging from the shack, w with the little girl in his arms, fast it' asleen. The major came up to hire. "How are you fooling. Wallace?" ho h nskoil. "Good:" I didn't know you la wore a family man. though, till I saw this kid sleeping In your arms." r< "You've been inside?" inquired the d< Ii? utennnt. looking toward the shack, n The major's face grew very sernus. el He nodded. s< "Her father." said Wallace. "Come, get in with you!" answered ni Major Howard, curtly. Indicating the amhulnnce. Mark, supported by the k orderlies, who had placed the stretch- lr er upon the ground, crawled in and 13 lay down. He stretched out his arm toward the child. It was an uncon- " scious action, but Major Howard noted it. and detaching the small arms ri from about his neck, he placed the little girl In the stretcher. The little w h"ad drooped upon the lieutenant's arm. As the ambulance men picked li up their burden two soldiers came out * of the hut. carrying something in a blanket. They carried it to the cen- Ci * ? of the clearing and set it down beside a hole which had already been n' dug. | "He carried a pass signed by Li nares," said >vanace to me major. Major Howard's eyes contracted into narrow silts. He nodded. "I have ** it," he answered. "I wonder who he was?" said Wallace. "We'll decide what to do with the kid after we set her back to camp," said the major curtly. It seemed to * | Wallace that he was unwilling to peculate upon the identity of thi lend man. "hie still, and don't muddv our l>rains with thinking, my lioy," ie added. "We'll have you at tht mse hospital in next to no time." "How many men have we lost'."' 'Can't tell >011. tjuite a few, I'rr if raid. Soames is none. frawforc ind Murray anil 1 found ourselvei lunched togethir at the 'op of tin till, leading a mixed company 01 rex as Hangers and I'ennsylvanii >utch. We'll get them sorted out am lent home with labels as soon as w< an. Move 011, boys!" The jolting stretcher proceeded 011 >f the scrub and down the hill. Here n ih.. t. .<.? ..ei.i-ettiinir was almost n< lilint as in the hush, after the day'! tattle. I'ndor the light of the risinj noon could he seen parties of met noving over the hillside, straggler: iceklng their regiments, or fatigu< turtles detailed upon the necessar; light work that follows a day o leath. The moon shone down on hud' Ihd forms scattered for the tnos tart in little clusters, where shells 01 Machine guulire had caught them. It seemed an infinitely long journey ind every movement of the stretchei ran almost unbearable. Wallace shul ds lips tight. He looked at the chih esidc him. She moved in her sleep eeling for his neck with the litth [rimy hands. Her cheek snuggled int< lie hollow of his arm. The lieutenani vas curiously touched by this uneonicious confidence. He issued from his ordeal of pain ai ast, when the bearers halted in from >f tlie line of tents that served for . hid hospital. Stretchers by the dozer Vf-re pill-i| nitoui ll??? CIOUHU, ,-im nurc witc arriving constantly. Woundct] men, supported liy tin mind, came limping in on the last ;ip of tlii-ir painful journeys. (Minis vlio hail arrived hut had not yd ecu attended to, sat or lav in from if the tents. Orderlies were scurry iiiy o and fro. Major Howard caught om if th<' regimental surgeons, win uokeil Mark over ?iuickly and tiler licked the child out of the stretchr. "Hello! Who's this'."' In* asked. "Friend of his," said the major, indenting Mark. "She doesn't look like a Cuban yount ail.v," said the doctor, as he cut away he sleeve of the tunic. "Her father's dead. Hit by a shel m his way from Santiago. I think lu ras an American," said Mark. "(iive her to me. I never had one.' aid the doctor, suddenly injecting si ivpodermic into Mark's arm. "Xot after that." said Mark, wineng. "Besides I'm thinking of adoptng her myself." And lie wondered what had madi dm say that when the thought had inrdly reached his own conscious1088. "See. liere, young man! Let me I oof t that arm of yours before you talk fmf >. ffunT? foir.f />(* running ound in a coiifile of weeks, as well as ver." "Thank heaven for that!" ejaculated lark fervently. "Then I'll lie in at he death." "I doubt it. 1 won't pass you Tor lity for six months to come." said he doctor, grinning. Then, seeing lark's dejected look, he added, inure eriously: "You may thank the modern highower bullet that you are going to eep your arm. my boy. It's drilled nice little pencil-hole clean through he joint, instead of shattering it, and hat's got to be tilled in with new rowth. Kven 1 can't grow bones in week. I wish I could. Ten years go your arm would have had to come ft. There's nothing more I can do for on. my son," he added, as he smearj some sticky stuff over the wound ml began adjusting a bandage, "exrpt tie you up and put you in the I"i?iw*>t -Hill ??-ml von down > tin- base in the morning." "The devil you will! 1 guess I'm < 11 enough to stay on the job as I in." "Here, I haven't any more time to aste on you!" said the doctor. I'ounce will make you a sling and ou'll go into that tent and stay there r I'll cashier you. You won't lie feollg so spry tomorrow morning, (let at!" He strode away, leaving Mark lookig Into the grinning black face of Dhnson. After the sling had been adjusted e discovered that the sense of wellring. due to the hypodermic, was alvidy beginning to leave him. His frvant helped him into the tent and lajor Howard brought in the little ill. who at onee colled herself up to eep at Wallace's side. "What are you going to do about it?" inquired the major, standing beide the camp bed and looking down t Wallace uneasily. "lloil some canned cow and see if it ill dissolve the cellulose out of an rmy biscuit." "It shall be done. I guess that'll stay ere till morning. Hut seriously, Walice?" "I suppose I'll have to assume the >sponslbility for her. I'll take her own to the base with me tomorrow nd ship her home to my people in (targe of one of the stewardesses on ime linei." "I've got a better scheme," said the lajor. "Let me have her, Wallace, ly wife will go crazy over her. You now she's always talking of adoptig a little girl. She's got her ideal rpe in mind, and that's it. I was to iok round for one like that if ever le chance came along." "Well, you'd better go on looking >und. major." said Wallace, irritably. "See here, my boy, you don't really ant the kid, do your* "I do. I'l think over your proposlon, major, of course, but my sister otild grlve her a home and?" "Let me send her to my wife. You in claim her after the war. if you ant to. Suppose you got killed: we'd either of us have her. If you don't it me take her I'll make you pay for "Howr "I'll order her a bath, under the inltary code. And you'll have to give And scraped beef?our beef." "Get out. major, and give me a lance to yell when my wound hurts, isten! I tell you what I'm ready to o. Til Jet the regiment adopt her. 1th myself as godfather." (To Be Continued.) JUST BEGINNING TO FIGHT Mighty Nation Undertakes Mighty Work. 1 ACHIEVEMENTS OF ONLY A YEAR. < ( For Military Reasons Many Prime Facts in Detail Cannot be Given? I If War Continues an Army of Five Million May Be Recruited. Washington, April 8.?The first anl niversary of the entrance ot the Unitled States into the war tlnds the great I i'..uhiii-1-..m of the country just coming , Into the struggle hut rapidly hcing r prepared. 1 The achievements of the first year , are chiefly divided between the army, ^ which hits been supplying and training fighting forces, the navy .which has been hunting the submarine and f convoying troops and supplies to Europe, the shipping board which has been building a merchant marine 1 and the treasury which has been udr vancing credits to the Allies. in all other departments of the government there has been a tremendous ' effort to bring all the force of the r country's resources and power to the I aid of the actual fighting machine. I For military reasons It Is not permissible to state tho exuet number of American troops in France with Ceneral Pershing's expedition, but , Secretary Baker, in recent testimony . before the senate military committee predicted half a million men would be there early this year and that another million would be ready to go during I the year. American troops have taken up several positions on the firing line i in France, have occupied a sector of i their own northwest of Toul, and have I had numerous encounters with the Cermans. Official statements from British and tiennan army head<junr. ters have shown that certain Ameri. can lighting forces were thrown into the battle brought on by the great Herman offensive this spring, the l British war office first reporting l them as lighting shoulder to shoulder with the British and French troops in ! llie vicinity of Koye. ' By referring to the combined forces , of tin- regular army and national l guard a year ago, and comparing the strength of tin- regular army now, the National (iuard mustered into Federal service, and the men of the first ? " it lu nnttni'imt Ill il 11 III (.Ulliuilllirilln, 11 m iii-, that the total number of ready lighting men litis been increased from a meagre two hundred thousand to r something; like a million and a half, with about ten million men registered under the draft still available for calls to the colors. I Military experts have estimated . that should the war be prolonged and it becomes necessary for the United States to assume the burden of carrying on the conflict an army of live i million men would not be improbable. The immense and sudden expansion of the army has not been without criticism but, it is declared this was expected In the conversion into a lighting force of a nation traditionally welded to the pursuits of peace. The expansion of the naval forces I has been characterized in congress , by many as praiseworthy. The exact details, here too, are shrouded in secrecy as a military measure, but - it is well known that an emergency ; war building programme has hetM* ? eutii1 HHul" Niiiffl'ffrtfm*-trfl! United States is well on the way to a place second only to Great Britain as a naval force, and that in destroyers alone?most proved and deadly weapon of the submarine?the navy by next year will have the greatest fleet on the seven seas. Since the United States went to war, the navyhas placed contracts for practically a thousand vessels, and besides thai took charge of repairing and seized German and Austrian ships damaged by their crews at the orders of the German government. The cose of the great liner Vnterland, now the United States ship leviathan, is a fair example of the etliciency and speed with which the naval engineers conducted that work. When the Germans llnished their work of destruction, the Vaterland's commander remarked he would take his hat off to the Americans who could put the ship in shape in time to be of any service. Within six months from the time his words were spoken the Vaterland was in running order and since, the navy has announced has carried numbers of American troops and great quantities of supplies to the fighting lines in France. By taking the ships and men of the coast guard into its fleet by tinmerging of naval volunteers and naval militia, .and with the growth of the marine corps the navy has expanded its forces practically five times since the country went to war. In its immense task of convoying troops there have been some losses, notably the Tuscania and the Antilles. but the losses of life have been fortunately small in comparison with the number of troops transported. At the same time the American destroyers, working with the British in the submarine zone, have made themselves a terror to the undersea nu.'iis. now many 01 imw iiun they have accounted for remains a military secret. The treasury, concerned with financing the war. has raised from Liberty bonds and war savings stamp stiles more than $8,000,000,000. and on this, the first anniversary of the declaration of war on Germany, is launching the third Liberty loan. Treasury estimates put the expense of the first year of the war at about $12.000,000.000 exclusive of the advances to the Allies. These advances to all the Allies have totalled, up to the close of March. $1,960,600,000. The United States has been secured with the bonds or obligations of the countries to which the money was advanced. More than $125,000,000 of the sum went to Russia before the debacle put that country out of the war. What return the United States will get. If any. is considered doubtful. Chnirman Hurley of the shipping l>oard. in a recent speech in New York, at which he outlined the shipbuilding programme fully for the first time, declared the great building programme which is to make the bridge of ships to France is 28 per cent toward completion. He pointed out the magnitude of the task by recalling that the shipping board Is building in a year, a greater organization than the Steel corporation has been able to build up in more than 20 years. The recent disclosure by the British admiralty that German submarines actually are destroying the world's shipping twice as fast as it is being built is the spur which is expected to put the full force of the country at this vital task. Beside the work of the executive departments of the government, the year nas seen tremendous airmen the mobilization of labor, Industry, science and Invention with the sole aim of winning the war. Hundreds of business and professional men have given up private interests to serve the government at nominal pay. Rusiness and manufacture has given the best of its secrets. Whatever criticism has been made of the lack of co-ordination of all these tremendous resources and power, none ever has charged that private interest has withheld them. What is expected to be one of the mightiest weapons toward winning the war is the war trade board, created for the purpose of cutting off supplies to Germany through the adjacent neutrala As the war goes on. officials say, the work of this organization cannot be overestimated. A year of war, all officials concede, finds shortcomings and defects, but it is contended no more than might have been expected from a peaceful nation suddenly reorganized to a war basis. President Wilson in a recent declaration pronounced the present year the vital one in the winning of the war. As the resources of America now being gathered, get to the battlefronts with a mighty rush, they are fully expected to carry the Allies through to victory. EQUAL TO THE TASK America Alone Can Smash the Mighty German Power. The doom ol' the military power in Germany was pronounced by President Wilson in his speech at Baltimore. says the Morning Post. "Whothei or not the Allies are strong enough to break in pieces the German military power remains to be seen." it adds. "But given time that America is uble to defeat the enemy is as little doubted as she is resolved to do it, however long the work may take. It is a gigantic enterprise, for the defeat of the German armies in the held is not all that America has promised, but she purposes to go further. "Amid the stress and suspense of the great conflict now raging on the western front we can assure our American friends that their brave and simple declarations are inexpressibly encouraging. They look upon the war from a point of view which, after nearly four years, of stupifying vicissitude, we have lost. "President Wilson, from the ttrst, has insisted that before it all is a moral issue. There are millions of men among the Americans and the forces of the Allies who are lighting in the simple faith that they are doing duty in a good cause." The Daily Mail says: "In these hours of trial Great Britain feels the real meaning of American sympathy and aid. She is heavily engaged on many fronts, and in many different ways, and on each front and in each sphere she Is lavishly giving her blood. "On the western front, a British army of millions is facing the German avalanche side by side with the r rt'lien anu in comraucsiiip wim American battalions which have been put into the struggle. on two Turkish fronts Great Britain is hearing the entire I tunica of the war. On the Indian frontier she has to lie always on guard. In Kast Africa she is defeating the last remains of the German colonial forces. Her navy ot 130,000 men is maintaining a sleepless watch on the high sea fleet. Her merchant service of 200,000 men. unshaken by the cruel submarine losses and perils, remains almost entirely responsible for the transport of food, men and munitions to the allied nations and the lighting fronts. "Great Britain has no cause to be ashamed of what she has done, and they greatly mistake the spirit of her people who suppose that they would escape privations, suffering and death by going hack from the way in which they liegnn. We know that in America flames the same spirit as ours. America and the Allies stand for justice and right, and Germany for dominion and violence. "When President Wilson solemnly declares that in 'utter self sacrifice and self forgetfulness' America will give all that we love and all that we have to redeem the world anil make it lit for free men like ourselves to live in, we know that this pledge will 'he kept." The Daily News says: "In his speech commemorating the anniversary, of America's entry Into the war. Puaiftfl flWiJii tm n'ff[4ir ."donate finality which always marks his utterances, stated the issue with unanswerable truth. It is whether the world is to he governed by the German general staff. "The nation today begins to understand the spacious and enlightened statesmanship which has governed the actions of President Wilson throughout and Is able to form some measure of the service his countrj has rendered to the cause?service in money, in material, in men. and. most of all, in moral force." TRAINING MEANS DEVELOPMENT Men Must Work to Get Out Highest Faculties. Necessity for the mental poise that is a requisite of the successful aviator has developed a psychiatry board In each aviation training camp in Texas. It is the function of those boards to strengthen the balance of the cadets and weed out those who show obvious unfitness for the trying work in the air. The aviation service requires great mental alertness and many prospective aviators have been transferred to other branches of service. This war, phy deans say, has developed greater reaction on the mind than has any previous conflict. Such results are due to shell shock, underground living, the constant viewing or death and the high development of the instruments of warfare. They are manifest some times by an inclination to desert after months of training which is a symptom of mental deficiency, officers say, ordinarily a soldier, disciplined and trained for months, responds to orders automatically. It is the mission of the psychiatrist board to weed out men who are likely to fail In critical moments. The testing of the students' minds is going on constantly, often without their knowledge. Some tests appear foolish and provide great amusement to the students. A cadet is sometimes required to shake his head violently from side to side six or eight times and then with his eyes closed commanded to touch his nose with his fore-finger. Inability to touch the nose indicates a lack of the sense of balance in some degree. This does not imply a mental deficiency and the desired sense of balance often can be developed in those at first lacking it. Problems to test mental alertness are given for instant solution. A ? ? ?* - i ? ? - .1?? mm n tt'kUn aenes ot circles ib uiuuc on ? num sheet of paper by the men and they then are ordered to draw a continuous line over the first two, under the second three, over and then under and so on. A man's poise Is rated by his ability to follow the confusing directions, which are given at high speed. Sometimes a cadet is sent on an errand with instructions to do numerous things. He is rated on his ability to remember them all and on the sequence In which he performs them In regard to their relative Importance. Often a group of men Is marched by a crowded table and ordered to record later what they saw on the table In their hurried glance in passing it ~A dispatch from the American trpnt In Plcardy relates that the Germans have sprung a new kind of shell made of concrete. The shells were first Identified last week. They are of large size, about eight or ten Inches in diameter, and bound around with two copper bands, no doubt placed to facilitate conformation to the rifling of the guns from which the shells are flred. The shells burst with a duller and slower report than do shrapnel or other forms of shells; but they ars said to be quite dangerous. No mention, however, has been made of aajr special execution that has been accomplished by them. ' r . - FOR JUSTICE AND RIGHT S America's Stand in the World ;; War. ,, PRESIDENT SPEAKS FOR THE PEOPLE. J! Prussianism Seeks to Enslave the j, Whole World, and America Now, as h Always. Stands Ready to Lay All " She Has and All She is On the Al- " tar of Human Liberty. following is tin? speech that I'res- Jj' ident Wilson delivered in the Fifth j, Regiment armory in Baltimore, Mil., w on last Saturday: '' IV "Fellow citizen*: Tins is the unniversary ol our acceptance of Uer- ai many'* challenge to light tor our right to live aiul be iree, and tor the afacreU y rights ot Iree men everywhere. The si nulion is awake. There is no need si to call to it. We know what the war Hi must cost, our utmost sacrifice, the si lives ot our llttest men and, it nee tl l>e, all that we possess. The loan we in are nut to discuss is one ol the least tr parts ot what we are culled upon to ol give and to do, though in itselt it is w impcrativc. The people of the whole ei country are alive to the necessity of it a< and are ready to lend to the utmost, ti even where it involves a sharp ana ? < dally sacnlice to lend out of meager .11 earnings. They will look with repro- w button and content u|hiii those who 01 can and will not, upon those who de- 111 maud a higher rate ol interest, upon s) those who think of it as a mere coin- t? inerciul transaction. 1 have not come, m therefore, to urge the loan. 1 have *'i come only to give you, it 1 can, a d more vivid conception ot what it is ie for. I >i "The reason for this great war, the ! * reason why it had to conje, the need st to light it through, uud tin- issues that hi hang upon its outcome are more tl clearly disclosed now than ever lie- s< fore. It is easy to see just what this particular loan means because the p cause we are lighting for stands more sharply revealed than at any previous ?1' i,,n? ,iriiL'ifl,. The Si man who knows least call now act* plainly how the cause of Justice stands and what the imperishable . tiling is he is asked to invest in. Men in America may he more sure than '' they ever were before that the cause [' is their own, and that, if it should lie ' lost, their own {front nations place and mission in the world would lie ' lost with it. ... "I call you to witness, my fellowcountrymen, that at no stage of this " terrible business have 1 judged the purposes of Germany inteinperately. 1 11 should be ashamed in the presence *' ot affairs so grave, so fraught with the destinies of mankind throughout ,s all the world, to speak with tl'UCU- J* lence, to use the weak language of [' hatred of vindictive purpose. We must judge as we would be judged. I have sought to learn the objects 11 Germany has In this war from the " mouths of her own spokesmen and i' to deal as frankly with them as 1 1,1 wished them to deal with me. 1 have Vl laid bare our own ideals, our own'tl purposes, without reserve or doubtful: o1 phrase, and have asked them to suy | as plainly what it is that they seek, " "We have ourselves proposed no in- 11 justice, no aggression. We are ready, whenever the final reckoning is l? made to be just to the G,,io- P pow-T'B er, as with nil others. There can be in no difference between peoples in the pi llnal judgment, if it is Indeed to lie pi a righteous judgment. To propose pi anything hut justice, even-handed and m dispassionate justice to Germany at tl any time, whatever the outcome of pi the war, would be to renounce and dishonor our own cause. For we ask ly nothing that we arc not willing to tl accord. ci "It has been with this thought that ;ti I have sought to learn front those e< who spoke for Germany whether it t) was justice or dominion and the ex- w edition of their own will upon the Jt> other nations of the world, that the German leaders were seeking. They pi have answered, answered in unmix- tu tukahle terms. They have avowed 0| that it was not justice but dominion p| and the unhindered execution of their sc own will. (I "The avowal has not come front p Germany's statesmen. It has come f., froin her military leaders, who are Uf her real rulers. Her statesmen have n, said that they wished peace, and were w ready to discuss its terms whenever fc their opponents were willing to sit down at the conference table with them. Her present chancellor has ()| saiu, in aeuniie anu uui:t;i linn icuun, u, indeed, and in phrases that often seem to deny their own meaning, hut with as much plainness as he thought prudent?that he believed that peace should be based upon the principles which we hail declared would be our own in the llnal settlement. "At Brest-LitOVSk her civilian dele- ^ gates spoke in similar terms; profess- ' ed their desire to conclude a fair . peace and accord to the peoples with ' whose fortunes they were dealing the 1,1 right to choose their own allegiances. * Hut action accomjKinied and followed ? the profession. Their military mas- y1 tors, the men who act for Germany |r and exhibit her purpose in execution, ln proclaimed a very different conclusion. We cannot mistake what they " have done?in Russia, in Finland, in c' the Ukraine, in Rumania. The real test of their Justice and fair play has come. From this we may judge the J'1 rest. They are enjoying in Russia a ,f" cheap triumph in which no brave or 01 gallant nation can long take pride. A great |>eople, helpless by their own act. lies for the time at their mercy. 1,1 Their fair professions are forgotten. Thoy nowhere set up justice but everywhere impose their power and exploit everything for their own use p and aggrandizement; and the peoples of conquered provinces arc invited to be free under their dominion. "Are we not justified in believing , that they would do the same things ' at their western front if they were . not there face to face with armies whom even their countless divisions cannot overcome? su "If they have felt their check to be m final, they should propose favorable ic and equitable terms with regard to Helgium and France and Italy, could they blame us if we concluded that they did so only to assure themselves |n of a free hand In Russia and the exist ? .. 'Their purpose is undoubtedly to j make all Slavic people, all the free and ambitious nations of the Baltic ,.s peninsula, all the lajida that Turkey ? has dominated and misruled, subject to their will and ambition and build i? upon that dominion an empire of force upon which they fancy that R they can erect an empire of gain and CC commercial supremacy?an empire as Ju hostile to the Americas as to the Europe which it will overawe?an em- d plre which will ultimately master m Persia, India and the peoples of the 0f Far East. In such a programme our 0| ideals, the ideals of justice and hu- f0 manity and liberty, the principle of the free self-determination of nations . upon which all the modern world insists, can play no part. They are re- r* Jected for the Ideals of power, for the . principle that the strong must rule the weak, that trade must follow the flag, whether those to whom it is tak- j|| en welcome it or not, that the peopies of the world are to be made sub- 1*1 ject to the patronage and overlord- .? ship of those who have the power to enforce It. The programme once carried out, b? America and all who care or dare to H stand with her must arm and pre- ?i pare themselves to contest the mas- b< tery of the world, a mastery in which m the rights of common men, the rights le of women and of all who are weak, m must for the time being, be trod un- a der feet and be disregarded, the old Ai age-long struggle for freedom and m right begin again at its beginning. w? Verything that America has liver >r and loved and crown great u indicate and bring to a glorious relization which have fallen in uttei nin and gates of mercy once mon itilossly shut upon mankind. "The thing is preposterous and itnossible. and yet. is not that what tht hole course and action of the <?erlan armies has meant wherever the) ave moved? 1 do not wish, even ir lis moment of utter disillusionment j judge harshly or unrighteously. 1 idge only what the German arms ave accomplished with unpityint loroughness throughout every fall gion they have touched. "What then are we to do? For myi'lf. 1 am ready, ready still, rcndt ven now, to discuss a fair and jusl ml honest peace at any time that il i sincerely promised? a peace in hich the strong and the weak shall ire alike. Hut the answer, when I reposed such a peace, came from tht erinan commanders in Russia, and 1 innot mist:;!"" he meaning of the nswer. "I accept the challenge. I know (ii.tt i>u will accept It. All the world tall know that you accept it. It mil appear in the utter sacrifices id self-forgctfulness with which we tall give all that we love and all int we have to redeem the world and lake it fit for free men like ourselves > live in. This now Is the meaning ' all that we do. Let everything that e say, my fellow countrymen, ev ything that we henceforth plan and vomplish, ring true to this response II the majesty and might of our ?ncerted |?iwer shall fill the thought id utterly defeat the force of those ho flout and misprize what we honand hold dear. (Sermnny has once ore said that force, anil force alone, mil decide whether justice anil ace shall reign In the affairs of en. whether right as America con Ives It, or dominion as she conives It. shall determine the destins of mankind. There is. therefore, it one response possible from us: nice to the utmost, force without int or limit, the righteous and trinphant force which shall make right ie law of the world and east every lfish dominion in the dust." ~ " in-tr . n ac o or a n U I A I UCO II13ICAU wr Dntnu ome Sensible Suggestions That Furnish Food For Thought. Hy eating potatoes instead of wheat read, the people of South Carolina hi help win the war as well as by urohasiiiK liberty bonds and cuntriiitiitK to the Red (Toss. With this statement, the conservuon division <>f the food admtnlstraon for South Carolina, announces the Potatoes for Ainericu, Wheat for Eu?pe" campaign in this state. The existing situation calls *or furleir curtailment of wheat consump n. and there is no better substitute, ml no substitute for wheat bread that to be had in such quantities, as poitocs. We have not enough wheat <r our Allies und ourselves, but we ave an abundance of potatoes?un iccess of !?0,?0o,o00 bushels over norial times. If we are to win this war ie Allied armies and the Allied peoIch must have wheat. The potato innot quite come up to wheat in food due, but it does come about as close ? taking the place of wheat as any ther food. Hy eating more potatoes, therefore, ie people of South Carolina can save lore wheat to send to Europe. Americans first realized how Imortant a part of their daily food the otato played when last year a search i M Iftf UMlfl! lost to prohibitive heights. When lanting time came again, every one lanted potatoes. The farmers were irticularly urged to plant potatoes i a patriotic duty, and accordingly lere was an abundance of potutocs roduced. At a time when the world Is so sorein need of food?only in America is icrc an abundance?it would be 'iminal to waste unything so Importit as the potato. The potatoes rais1 through patriotism should be eaten trough patriotism?substituted for heat bread to as great an extent i possible, and the wheat thus saved lit to Lurope, Decause wnue u:e jjw ? of European countries consume in urmul times about twice the amount T potatoes per capita as do the peoe of America, shipping facilities are i limited that it is impossible to ship ic surplus of potatoes abroad owing i their bulk; also by reason of the ict that potatoes do not keep so well i the grains. Neither are potatoes jeded so much for the Allies as heat, meat and fats. It should thereire be accorded a privilege that we ay eat potatoes at home and release ore wheat for the army and the peole who are looking across the sea to s. depending on us for their daily cad. Potatoes have been such an Integral irt of the dinner diet that people do :>t tire of them, nor is there need of lonotony in serving them. There are iore than a hundred ways of serving atatoes. and one way of using up me of the surplus supply is the use jiotato bread rather than wheat read. Many oldfashloned breadakers still cling to potato yeast, and nee the potato is rich in starch, less heat Hour is necessary in order, to >rm a stiff dough. The bread made om potato flour is somewhat darker color and more moist than that ade from wheat flour; but by using as an admixture, ut least, it would intribute much to the conservation ' wheat. If the "Potatoes for America, Wheat r Europe" campaign Is to succeed, ic planting of sweet potatoes beimcs a very important matter at this me. for sweet potatoes, like Irish potoes, may be substituted for bread help win the war. GENERAL NEWS NOTES. scord of Current Happenings Collected from Various Sources. The plant of the Godehaux Sugar >mpany at Reserve, La., was deroved by Are Tuesday. The plant as valued at $450,000. Lake shipping authorities have lsicd orders forbidding the cmployent of Germans or Austrlans on vests plying the Great Lakes. A sneak thief entered a St. Louis dice station Monday and stole a $10 ickpin from a draftee who was be? ? ?AA Kir * V? A Hoaft hno rH M CAUIMIIICU WJ ItiC uiwtv v.. I>erbey 8. Adkina, 23, at Mexico, o.. last Sunday shot his father-lnw and his wife to death and killed mself. Family troubles was given i the cause of the tragedy. A negro at Montgomery, Ala., obcted to the penny war tax on a packof tobacco and started a light, obert Owen, proprietor of the tobaci store, killed him. The coronet's ry said "not guilty." According to an Amsterdam cable, utch liquor plants will soon stop aking spirits owing to the scarcity ' grain. Many of them have been >erating on a greatly reduced basis r some time. The food administration at Waahgton, says that of more than 200 re>rta received, alleging ground glass various kinds of food, only one of iese has had any foundation in fact, id in this case a disgruntled emoye was trying to injure the busies of his employer. Many of the vestigations have been made by the od administrations and others by e secret service. Carl von Haagemer, a former memsr of the secret service of the Austroungarian embassy at Washington, id an expert telegraph operator, is ting held by Federal secret service en at Salt Lake City, Utah. It is al* ged that Haagemer was trying to ake his way to Mexico to establish radio station with which to send nerlcan military Information to Oerany by way of German agents who ere in reach of the Mexican plant : FUN ON THE FLOOR ' Billy Mason Administers Fralllng to T. J. Hetlln. ; ILLINOIS NAN BESENTS INSULTS. ' Wants Republicans and Democrats to Lay Aside Party Differences for r a While and Fight the Kaiser Instead of Each Other. Thomus J. H of I in of Alabama. Is t not exactly a clown; but he is a eurl; otis hind of a follow who docs not know much of anything about any| thing and who lacks alt sense of responsibility. Ho will tight you with 1 his lists, it is said, but a wild bull will fight, and so will a yellow hen. both without knowing what they are fighting about. Hetlin is given tc charging people of other political par.'.cs with German sympathy and the like: unci ool day he threw some of his flincs nt t""nntfre?.;ir>nn Htllv Ma son of Illinois. Congressman Mason came back at him next ilay. and what the congressman said makes some amusing reading: Mr. Mason. Mr. Chairman, I confess that it Is with some hesitation thut 1 proceed to reply to the most remarkable performance of the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. Hetitn]. I would much prefer to have him present. as 1 did him the honor to listen to his "declaration" on yesterday. 1 will, however, endeavor not to transgress the rules of the house in making reply. It is in keeping with the gentleman's characteristics that he should assail me and then Immediately leave town. (Applause.) It is in keeping with his characteristics that he should make a speech assailing me, which he keeps out of the Record, so that I can not reply to it because it is not printed. By reason of his past record when he has been compelled by this house to correct statements which he has inserted in the ltecord that were not made on the lloor I have no means of knowing now what will be printed, when he gets back, in what is supposed to be his speech of yesterday. <>n the ?th of April, from u sense of duty which I could not resist, in the most humble spirit 1 made a suggestion as to the message of the president of the United States then before us. Mr. Hellin, of Alabama, says, that it has no spirit of patriotism and indicates that it was such a speech as would give comfort to the kaiser. I wish to nay for his benefit that inside of three or four days the president of the United Slates uguiu addressed this ( congress and abandoned the doctrine of the return of Alsace-Lorraine, and did It splendidly, and in his announcement of the doctrine of self-determination showed that he agrees with the t very proposition I made in this forum; and 1 never was so happy in my life ( as when I sat in this chamber and , heard that great president delivexJj)e_ last pronouncement as to the terms of peace, in which he omitted a demand for the return of Alsace-Lorraine and stood strongly and solely upon the ground of the right of self-determination. and announcement by the president that struck the world as fair and right. Kven the tlerman Minister Hertling said that they could accept it if they could get exactly the same proposition from France. And yet. yesterday, Mr. Hetlin comes before the house and?apparently forgetting the president has adopted that theory?seeks to make a personal assault on me for calling attention to the righteousness of the proposition. Has he answered one single statement I made In this speech? No. Does he claim that I have misquoted history when the emperor declared war in 1870? No. Hut he garbles it und grabs from it and then refuses to print his own speech, but distributes himself far uwuy on some patriotic duty. I want to say to you that when he assaults the speech that I made and circulated he assaults the position taken by the president of the United States. I say. <Jod bless the president for taking the position that we do not want to Interfere or change the territory of governments of other countries, but stands for freedom of the seas and the rights of self-determination of small nations. [Applause.] Hut he says my speech was not patriotic. 1 call upon you gentlemen to bear witness, you hoard me on that day, of one word that was unpatriotic. Have I ever complained of the Postmaster fJeneral, or any member of the cabinet? Have not 1 defended your secretary of war when men of your own party have ussutled him? Let me read a few lines from the speech this distinguished gentleman from Alabama says was unpatriotic: I me no profit in fault finding, except where the immediate correction can be made without interferring with ojr preparation for thia war. and I regard it aa unwiae to diacuaa in party caucauaes anything that affecta the auerewful carrying on of thia war; nor do I intend, if I ran maater myaelf, to indulge in party claims or party criticism. If there has been any of that In this -* 1 * u" ??* I ././im tho sriiiltv rnumiwr, i nmc nui ?^.v?? ?Mv Phm*/ man. Attain I said: I pray Cod thai during thia war we may be big enough to wipe out thia middle alale which separate* an American Republican from an American Democrat. That was the tone of my whole speech. I simply was pleadlnjf for * the president to consider the question whether we should go on and obey the demands of France. lA-t me quote another word. I said on that day: We will not abandon for one moment the league of honor with which we. with our coworker!. fight the Impeiral Government of Germany. Let him sometime show one word, one act of mine that has not been In line of patriotic defense. But he Jumps on me. Why does he not jump on some of my brethren on the Democratic side who voted as I did before the war and who stand as I do for everything we have got in the policy of the war? [Applause.] Cheap peanut politics! He assaults me because I am a Republican and he hopes to make In his district some little cheap capital that he has been able to assault me. I purpose now to answer him if I have to get down onto his Intellectual level to do It. [Laughter.] I said in that speech, "For God's sake let us quit fighting eaoh other and flghP the kaiser." Does that sound unpatriotic? He complains that I printed my speech. Well. I had to. people wanted to read it [Laughter.] Some of you cruel Democrats bought them by the thousands to read. I trust by reason of its patriotism, and possibly some on account of its literary merit But he does not print his speeches, he telegraphs them, writes the headlines, and then they are sent back to him to pay the telegraph bill. [Laughter.} In order that you may understand about it let me read an editorial from the Age-Herald, published in Alabama. Some of you gentlemen I suppose know whether this is (Continued on Page Four.)