Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, August 27, 1915, Image 1

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YORKVlLLE ENQUIRER. ISSPED 8?MI-WEEHLT. l. x orist'S sons. PabUihen. ( % .Jfantilg Heicspapet;: <|or the promotion o| ih< $olitii<al, ?oqial, &gri$ttltui;at and Commercial interests of tti< $topl<. j EST A BUSHED 1855. YORK^S. C.. FRIDAY,^tjCjljST27, 1915. r~~jSrO. 69. e$<?Pl 1LD5TMTI0N5J CHAPTER XVIII. The Bridge of Jehennam. Griswold took a final look at himself in his dressing case mirror before going to keep his evening appointment at the doctor's downtown office. It was comfortably reassuring. So far as he could determine, there was little in the clean-shaven, square shouldered, correctly garmented young fellow who faced him in the mirror to suggest either the bearded outcast of New Orleans or the unkempt and toil uiilen roustabout of the Belle Julie. If only she had not made him speak to her. He had a sharp conviction that the greatest of all the hazards lay In the chance that she might remember his voice. He found the cheery little doctor waiting for him when he had walked the few squares to the Main street office. "I was beginning to be afraid you were going to be fashionably late," said the potential host; and then, with a humorous glance for the correct garmenting: "Regalia, heh? Hasn't Miss Grierson told you that Wahaska is still hopelessly unable to live up to the dress coat and standing collar? I'm sure she must have. But never mind; climb into the buggy and we'll let old Bucephalus take us around to see if the neighbors have brought in anything good to eat." The drive was a short one. Broffin was once more shadowing the house in which, first or last, he expected to teur MacHeath; and when the buggy was halted at the carriage step he was near enough to mark and recognize the doctor's companion. "Not this time," he muttered sourly, when the two had passed together up the graveled path and the host was fitting his latchkey to the front door. "It's only the sick man that writes books. I wonder what sort of a book he thinks he's going to write in this inforgotten, turkey-trodden, comealong village of the Reuben yaps?" Griswold, waiting on the porch while Doctor Farnham fitted his key, had a nerve-tingling shiver of apprehension when the latch yielded with a click and he found himself under the hall lantern formally shaking hands with the statuesque young woman of the many imaginings. "You are very welcome to Home Nook, Mr. Griswold; we have been hearing about you for many weeks," she was saying when he had relinquished the firm hand and was hanging his coat and hat on the hall rack. And then, with a half-embarrassed laugh: "I am afraid we are dreadful gossips; all Wahaska has been talking about you, you know, and wondering how it came to acquire you." "It hasn't acquired anything very valuable," was the guest's modest disclaimer, its readiness arising out of a grateful easing of strains now that the actual face-to-face ordeal had safely passed its introductory stage. "And you mustn't say a word against your charming little city, Miss Farnham," he went on. "It is the friendliest, most hospitable?" The doctor's daughter was interrupting with an enthusiastic show of applause. "Come out to dinner, both of you," she urged; and then to Griswold: "I want you to say all those nice things to Aunt Fanny." In the progress to the cozy, homelike dining-room Griswold found the * .? of Kot wnon tho T<*o rn h q m hnmo and the ornate mansion three streets away on the lake front strikingly apparent: as cleanly marked as that between Margery Grierson and the sweetly serene and convcntial young person who was introducing him to her aunt across the small oval dining table. So far. all was going well. But a little later, in the midst of a half-uttered direction to the serving maid. Miss Farnham stopped abruptly, and Griswold could feel her gaze, wideeyed and half-terrified, seemingly fixed upon him. It was all over in the turning of a leaf, there had been no break in the doctor's genial raillery, and the breathless little pause at the other end of the table was only momentary. When the dinner was over the doctor, in the act of filling two long-stemmed pipes for his guest and himself, was called away professionally. Miss Gilman, least obstrusive of chaperons, had been peacefully napping for a good half-hour in her low rocker under the reading lamp, and the pictures in a thick quarto of Gulf Coast views had pleasantly filled the interval for the two who were awake, when Griswold finally assured himself that the danger of recognition was a oanger ^ past. As a mental analysis he knew that the opening of each fresh door in the house of present familiarity was automatically closing other doors opening upon the past: and it came to him with a little flush of the seer's exaltation that once again his prefigurings were finding their exact fulfillment. In a spirit of artistic daring he yielded to a sudden impulse, as one or, icoimr tho of mnv run anil leap to prove that his theory of safety stresses is a sufficient guaranty of his own immunity. "You were speaking of first impressions of places." he said, while they were still turning the leaves of the picture book. "Are you a believer in the absolute correctness of first impressions?" "I don't know." was the thoughtful reply: but its afterword was more definite: "As to places, I'm not sure that the first impressions always persist: in a few instances I am quite certain it hasn't. T didn't like the fSulf coast at all, at first: it seemed so foreign and different and unhomel?1 As to persons, however?" She paused, and Oriswold entered the breach hardily. JZ mwc -cmants OC*>Y/?/C#r0rCKAALfJ 3CMWEP3 3QH3 "I know," he affirmed. "There havo been times when, with every reasonable fiber in you urging you to believe the evil, a still stronger impulse has made you believe in the good." "How can you know that?" she asked; and again he saw in the expressive eyes the flying signals of indeterminate perplexity and apprehension. Resolutely he pressed the hazardous experiment to its logical conclusion. Once for all, he must know if this young woman with the sympathetic voice and the goddesslike pose could, even under suggestion, be led to link up the past with the present. "It is my trade to know," he said quietly, closing the book of views and laying it aside. "There have been moments in your life when you would have given much to be able to decide a question of duty or expediency entirely irrespective of your impressions. Isn't that so?" For one fleeting instant he thought he had gone too far. In the hardy determination to win all or lose all, he had been holding her eyes steadily, as the sure mirror in which he should be able to read his sentence, of acquittal or condemnation. This time there was no mistaking the sudden widening of the pupils to betray the equally sudden awakening of womanly terror. "Don't be afraid," he began, and he had come thus far on the road to open confession when he saw she was not looking at him; she was looking past him toward one of the windows giving upon ihe porch. "What is it?" he demanded, turning to look with her. "It was a man?he was looking in at the window!" she returned in low tones. "I thought I saw him once before; but this time I am certain!" Griswold sprang from his chair, and a moment later was letting himself out noiselessly through the hall door. There was nothing stirring on the porch. He was still groping among the bushes, and Miss Farnham had come to the front door, when the doctor's buggy appeared under the street lights and was halted at the home hitching post. * "Hello, Griswold; is that you" called the cheery one, when he saw a bareheaded man beating the covers in his front yard. Griswold met his host at the gate and walked up the path with him. "Miss Charlotte thought she saw someone at one of the front windows," he explained; and a moment afterward the daughter was telling it for herself. "I saw him twice," she insisted; "once while we were at dinner and again Just now. The first time I thought I might be mistaken, but this time? ' Griswold was laughing silently and Inwardly deriding his gifts when, under cover of the doctor's return, he made decent acknowledgements for henefltK bestowed and took his de parture. On the pleasant summernight walk to Upper Shawnee street he was congratulating himself upon the now quite complete fulfillment of the wishing prophecy. Miss Farnham was going to prove to be all that the most critical maker of studies from life could ask in a model; a supremely perfect original for the character of Fidelia in the book. Moreover, she would be his touchstone for the truths and verities; even as Margery Grierson might, if she were forgiving enough to let bygones be bygones, hold the mirror up to nature and the pure humanities. Moreover, again, whatever slight danger there might have been in a possibility of recognition was a danger outlived. If the first meeting had not stirred the sleeping memories in Miss Farnham, subsequent ones would serve only to widen the gulf between forgetfulness and recollection by just such distances as the Wahaska Griswold should traverse in leaving behind him the deckhand of the Belle Julie. How much this might have been modified if he had known that the man whose face Miss Farnham had seen at the window was silently tracking him through the tree-shadowed streets is a matter for conjecture. Also, it is to be presumed that much, if not all of the complacency would have vanished if he could have been an unseen listener in the Farnham sitting-room, dating from the time when little Miss Gilman pattered off to bed, leaving the father and daughter sitting together under the reading lamp. At first their talk was entirely of the window apparition, the daughter insisting upon its reality, and the father trying to push it over into the limbo of things imagined. Driven finally to give all the reasons for her belief in the realities, Charlotte reiaiea the incident of the afternoon. By this time the good Doctor Bertie had become the indignant Doctor Bertie. "We can't have that at all!" he said incisively. "You did your whole duty in that bank matter; and it was a good deal more than most young women would have done. I'm not going to have you persecuted and harassed?not one minute! Where is this fellow stopping?" The daughter shook her head. "I don't know. He gave me his card, but it has the New Orleans address only." "(live it to me and I'll look him up tomorrow." The card changed hands, and for a few minutes neither of them sjsike. Then the daughter began again. "I've had another shock this evenning, too," she said, speaking this time in low tones and with eyes downcast. "This Mr. Griswold?did I understand you to say that he had lost all of his money?" "Yes; practically all of it," said the father, without losing his hold upon what a certain great London physician was saying: through the columns of the English medical Journal. But afterward, long after Charlotte had gone up to her room, he remembered, with a curious little start of half-awakened puzzlement, that someone, no longer ago that yesterday, had told him that young Griswold was rich?or if not rich, at least "well fixed." (To be Continued.) GENERAL NEWS NOTES Items of Interest Gathered from All Around the World. A fleet of 41 fishing boats arrived at the fish pier in Boston, Monday, having a total of 3,500,000 pounds of fish. A Japanese supplying company has placed contracts for the building of six 12,000 ton freight and passenger vessels for the trans-Pacific service. One hundred and fifty Greek and Italian laborers in a leather factory at Woburn, Mass., went on a strike Monday, rather than work with Turks. The United States Fruit company's steamer, Marowijne, with 93 persons on board, has not been located since the gulf storm of last week. A New Orleans dispatch says that the Carranza government has purchased 510,000 barrels of flour to be shipped to Mexico to relieve the food shortage. The gas plants supplying Constantinople with gas, are reported to have been closed down on account of a shortage of coal. The city is now being lighted with kerosene oil. Up to last Monday the total attend ance at tne ranama-racinc tapusiuvu reached 11,000,000. The average daily attendance since the fair opened February 20, has been 59,919. The Austrian minister of the interior reports that on August 20, there were 1,586 cases of cholera in Austria. The disease is also reported in the vicinity of Berlin, a number of lakes and rivers being contaminated. Count OKuma, premier of Japan, is authority for the statement that while his government will not send Japanese troops to help the Russians, she will greatly increase the supplies of war munitions that she has been sending to Russia. In a Federal dragnet in Philadelphia Monday night, officers working under the Harrison anti-narcotic drug law, found Incriminating evidence against nearly 100 physicians and druggists of the city. Numerous physicians were found to be selling narcotic prescriptions at J1 each to all comers. Deaths by starvation to the number of 25 per day are being reported from Mexico City. Military authorities learned of investigations made by Red Cross workers and ordered that hospital or cemetery officials shall not make public any statistics in the fu- , ture, according to the report of a Red-1 Cross representative. ( Perry D. Baker, United States commercial agent at Archangel, Russia, reports to the Federal department of i commerce, after a visit to that' port, that the number of ships entering and leaving from Archangel is equal to the shipping arriving and departing from New York. The Russian government is receiving immense quantities of all kinds of war supplies at this port. A dispatch to the London Chronicle , from Amsterdam, says that from a , source often well informed, it is learn- ; ed that a new peace scheme is now | in course of development In Berlin, the ; nature of which is not disclosed. The ] correspondent is assured that it will not take the form of feelers in the neutral press and other neutral quarters as hitherto. If plans do not miscarry, the scheme will be disclosed to the world in about two weeks. ( . LESSON IN SAVING i 1 The Jar that Woke Him Up at Forty. i In the new department called "The Family's Money," in the September American Magazine, appears a little < article by a man who was suddenly made to realize that one who could not i make a success of his family finances could not be trusted to manage the finances of a larger business. Following is his account of how he secured a < $5,000 a year position which he might not have gotten had he not learned to save his own money. "Until forty, pride was always my greatest failing. I married at thirty, i and had a wife and four children. My ; salary was $50 a week. We spent all of it. One day my department head called me into his office. " 'We are going to make a change,' he said. 'I am to be promoted, and So- i and-So is to succeed me as manager of this department. You were considered, i but the "old man" investigated you i and. finding thai you were not putting aside any of your income, concluded < that one who could not make a success of his family finances could not be trusted to handle an important part of , a big business where production is j maintained at the minimum.' "I did not feel offended. I realized . that the fault was my own. I went i home and told my wife why I had lost i this $5,000 a year place. I think I must have jolted her pride. She suggested that we move out of the district where house rent was $50 a month and confine our living expenses to $25 a week, , half of my income. "To make this obligatory I instructed the office bookkeeper to hold back $25 ; of my salary each week until the end or ine year, i was ueiermineu 10 snow the 'old man' that I could save money. At the end of the remaining thirty weeks in that year I had $750 to my office account. I might have received six per cent interest, but I was fishing now for bigger game. I told the bookkeeper to hold back $30 a week. "The end of the eighteenth month found mo in charge of the purchasing department for the company and drawing the $5,000 a year. When I am fifty years old I shall have no less than $30,000 at the present schedule. And this is a better asset in old age than pride." J. T. Wood of Greer, an advocate of a $050,000 road bond issue in Greenville county, defeated Marvin R. Reese, also of Greer, in the second race for the vacancy in the Greenville county delegation in the house of representatives. Unofficial returns gave Wood 3,516 votes and Reese 2,487. TREATMENT OF PRISONERS Former Governor Blease Discusses Subject In Boston HUMANITY BETTER THAN INHUMANITY The Mob is a Development of Outraged Justice?South More Highly Civilized than the North?Duty and Responsibility of Chief Executives. One of the principal set speeches before the conference of governors in Boston this week, was that delivered by former Governor Blease of South Carolina, yesterday, on "The Duty and Responsibility of Chief Executives in Dealing With Prisoners." The full text of the speech was as follows: Gentlemen of the Governor's Conference: Three-quarters of a century ago, in the historic city of Boston, one of the clearest thinkers which Massachusetts, or even the nation, has yet produced, in an address upon "Man the Reformer," emphasized the thought that "every great and commanding moment in the annals of the world is the triumph of some enthusiasm." He cited as an example "the victories of the Arabs after Mahomet, who, in a few years, from a small and mean beginning, established a larger empire than that of Rome." "But," he predicted, "there will dawn ere long on our politics, on our modes of living, a nobler morning than that Arabian faith, in the sentiment of love. This is the one remedy for all ills, the panacea of Nature. We must be loverB, and at once the impossible becomes possible. Our age and history, for these thousand years, has not been the history of kindness, but of selfishness. Our distrust is very expensive. The money we spend for courts and prisons is very ill laid out We make, by distrust, the thief, and burglar and incendiary, and by our court and Jail we keep him so. An acceptance of the sentiment of love throughout Christendom for a season would bring the felon and the outcast to our side in tears, with the devotion of his faculties to our services." There is no crystal ball In which man may see portrayed the future, and little did Emerson think that two decades after he was so eloquently preaching this doctrine of peace and love that this nation would be plunged into four years of civil strife. When he said that "this great, overgrown dead Christendom of ours still keeps alive at least the name of lover of mankind," and prophesied that "one day all men will be lovers, and every calamity will be dissolved in the universal sunshine," little did he reck that seventy-four years later the far-flung battle lines of Europe would stretch from hundreds to thousands of miles and that nearly the whole world would Go in a death grapple, attended by cruelty and sacrifice and misery which passes human understanding. Millions of men are seeking each other's blood, and "Few shall part where many meet; The smoko shall be their winding sheet; And every sod beneath their feet Shall be a soldier's sepulchre." But it has been the history of the world, in accordance with the slow but steady progress of the human race lhat the darkest night is ever followed by the brightest dawn, and from the gloom which now enshrouds the land and the sea, will emerge a nobler civilization, which will continue to gain strength in an atmosphere purified by the shock of battle, and human nature must be softened by the blood that hns been spilled and by the prayers of widows and orphans that have ascended to the throne of a pitying God. You will pardon me for this digression; but the thought was suggested by the fact that the spirit which plunges nations into wars, except the nations which wage war against oppression, is the same spirit which has in centuries past led men to seek the cruel runishment of prisoners?a spirit which is vastly too much in evidence even in this twentieth century. Within the past few weeks we read in the newspapers of a man who had made an attempt upon the life of another being plied with questions until he was too weak to talk, then being walked up and down the corridor of his prison to revive him, then plied with questions again, and subjected to God alone knows what else, in the administration of the "third degree." Later this prisoner was found on the floor of his cell with his skull crushed in. and it was told that he had climbed to the top of his cell door and jumped to the floor, killing himself. Whether he was murdered or whether ne really committed suicide I do not know, but this I do know, that the suicide of any man would hardly be unnatural under such circumstances, and that the treatment accorded him, before conviction, would have been a disgrace to our civilization even had it occurred after he had been tried and sentenced. As remarks a very distinguished southern minister of the Gospel, "the so-called 'third degree' is a revival of the horrible method of the Spanish Inquisition, a species of torture to compel an accused person to incriminate himself, a flat contradiction of the humane principle of law that regards every person innocent until proved guilty." This "third degree" method that is practiced in the north and east and west?less frequently, I am glad to say, in the south?whether a man killed during its administration, or whether he be driven to commit suicide, or whether he be tortured sometimes into confessing crimes of which he may be innocent, is barbarity In a sneaking form, under the sanction of law, and those guilty of practicing it evidence a spirit as mean and contemptible as the malice which animates the midnight assassin. Throe years ago I had the pleasure of addressing this conference in Richmond. My remarks were telegraphed throughout the nation, and I was heralded to the world as a chief executive who advocated mob violence. I do not propose to go into a discussion of that here; It Is entirely beside the question. Suffice it for me to say that in the south, the lynching of a man for the unmentionable crime is a protection to our civilization, while the practice of this "third degree" violates the letter of our constitution at its most vital point and is a blow to the whole spirit 1 of our institutions. In the south ai I aroused mob is an outraged commu nlty which carries out the law, bu , brushes aside with mighty force th 1 law's technicalities and delays. Ther is no hypocritical, sanctimonious vio lation of fundamental rights under th< cloak of law by those sworn to uphoh the law; the deed Is open, and civlll zation and justice are vindicated. An< when mobs are no longer possible, lib erty will be dead. As was eloquent); said by a southern orator not loni I ago: "A nation of molly-coddles migh meekly He at the feet of popes an( kings, while schools were being abol ished, libraries burnt, scientific re search penalized, and the great mas of the people plunged into ignorance superstition and slavery; but such s nation never reured a Washingtor monument or drank patriotic insplration on battlefields where brave soldied died, or broke out into enthusiasm when the flags were flying and th? bands struck 'Dixie.' Grape-Juice dreamers may cry, 'Peace, peace,' but there 1b no peace, anywhere, nor waf there ever any. The elements have no peace; the stars have no rest; the clouds toss and tumble, float or fl> forever; the ocean always murmure and always moves; the rivers do nol stop, and the dews are ever going up or con-ing down; the storm is gathering its forces, or spending them, all the time; there is no peace. It seems to me, I remember something about 'mobs'; and, strange to say, these mobs are described as being pioneers of oui independence and institutions. There was that Boston mob, whose picture used to be in all our histories al school. You can close your eyes and see it now; the British soldiers, standing in well-dressed line, muskets at their shoulders, and the smoke and flame bursting out at the muzzles?and the members of "mob" falling to the ground. The firing on the Boston mob fired the American colonies, and the cry went all the way down to Savannah?'The cause of Boston is the cause of us all,' " The chief executive of a state has n rvt n m/von i.nol Alio /llltlf Q OTQ VOf ?wi a, aiuic ocuuuo uuij nut a q>?*ui responsibility than the obligation imposed upon him in dealing with prisoners?and by prisoners I mean to include those in Jail awaiting trial, with the presumption of Innocence thrown around them by the law, as well .as those serving sentences after conviction. The aim of the law?not some of the inlquitious laws written by man, but the great Moral Law of God, which was in the beginning, and shall ever be ?exists for the benefit of society, and not for the punishment and degredatlon of offenders against the law. II is necessary to deprive men of their liberties, and sometimes of their lives, for two primary reasons; to remove them from society until they may be reformed, and to deter others from committing like offenses. To go beyond this is barbaric, inhuman and in violation of the highest law. A state or a nation that allows its prisoners to suffer cruelties Is guilty of a greater crime than the prisoners themselves have committed. We have prisons and prison methods In the United States today, which arc a disgrace to any civilization, and there are thousands of prisoners who might well describe their condition in the words of Lord Byron's "Prisoner of Chillon": "My hair is gray, but not with years, Nor grew It white In a single night, As men's have grown from sudden fears. My limbs are bow'd, though not with toil, But rusted with a vile repose, For they have been a dungeon's spoil And mine has been the fate of those To whom the goodly earth and air Are bann'd and barr'd?forbidden fare." Or we might describe some of these prisons in the words of Cellini, written in a jail in the sixteenth century, four hundreds years before our boasted civilization: "Mark well how Glory steeps her sons in gloom. . You have no seat to sit on, save the stool; Vot vau u?oro ohfluft from vniir mnth er's womb. "The knave who serves hath orders strict and cool To list no word you utter, give you naught, Scarcely to ope the door; such is their rule. "These toys hath Glory for her nusling wrought. No paper, pens, ink, fire, or tools of steel, To exercise the quick brain's teeming thought." When I assumed the office of governor of South Carolina, I inaugurated in my state the parole system, and granted hundreds of paroles. As I stated in an article which I wrote for a leading law magazine recently, I was as vigorously condemned on the one hand, and as heartily praised on the other, for nearly every decision I reached upon each individual case, as any man who has ever been in public life in the history of this country. I cared not for" the condemnation of the praise. I was seeking to do my duty under the constitution, to execute the laws faithfully in mercy, and striving to do the right and to give human beings who made a mistake a chance to correct it and to do their part for the benefit of society. The parole system which I inaugurated was entirely successful. Out of the hundreds of paroles granted, very few of those receiving this clemency failed to lead good lives. They were given another hance In life, and they took advantage of their opportunity. I stated to the general assembly of my state, in regard to this matter, that I considered the parole system the best system ever devised for the handling of convicts. In a letter of transmittal of the reasons which actuated me in each case, I said, among other things: "Vmv fnp Inatn VOU Darole a man during good behavior, who possibly has served more than half of the sentence Imposed upon him?sometimes they have been paroled when they had only three o?- four months to serve?you do not turn him loose, but say to him. go forth, make a man of yourself, for if you do not, and you are ever convicted again, you have to go back and serve the remainder of the sentence imposed. Now, if these men had gone ahead and served out their sentences, they would be footloose to do as they please, and no restraint would be upon their actions. Even a life prisoner may be paroled; [i it is simply giving him another chance - in life; and how many men who prot feBs to be great Christians would be e living and enjoying the blessings of e this life, had not God forgiven them - and given another chance? The pae role, during good behavior, means 1 what? Good behavior means that he . shall not violete any of the criminal J laws of the state. If they do, they are . not of good behavior, and they can be v recommitted to'the penitentiary, with ? out trial, to serve the remainder of t their sentences. The system I have 1 now established in South Carolina will - be followed by other governors?posal bly not so many will be paroled, but s the system itself will be kept in vogue. , The same system is being tried in other states; some going even further and allowing a man to work himself out by his good behavior in the penitentiary. Take one case, particularly, a negro had been in the penitentiary 1 for eighteen years; he is paroled during good behavior; he is given another opportunity to live. If he disturbs the peace or violates any of the criminal states of the state, he goes back to the penitentiary for life; that condition hangs over him, and he knows that if he is not of good behavior, he goes back to serve the remainder of his sentence. Another instance, a white man sentenced to the penitentiary for a long term, for a crime committed while under the influence of liquor; parole him on the condition that he take not another drop of liquor. If he does, and thereby violates his parole, he goes back to serve the remainder of his sentence." After an experience of four years as governor of South Carolina, during which time I exercised clemency in more eases than any other three or 1 four governors combined, I believe I more firmly today than ever before In Al%/k nnsalA mra#nm na # V% r\ mrvof nHlfnnn. t ! (.sic: j/ai uic oj oiciu an vise: muov uu?a??v i ed step that has ever been taken In i prison reform. As proof of the correctness of this opinion, I may state i to you that since I retired from the office of governor, of all the large i number of those whom I paroled not a one has been returned to imprisonment. These one-time convicts have . reformed and are leading good lives and making substantial citizens. By i the parole system they have been savi ed to their families and to the state, i But there must be places of confinement for prisoners who, it may be, can t not be paroled, and for those who must serve sufficient time that the les, son may be taught. Therefore, every i chief executive ought to familiarize I himself thoroughly with the condition of the penal institutions of his state. ; and see to It that they are comforta> ble and healthy, and that the inmates are treated like human beings, and not i like cattle. t I believe in fresh air and wholesome i food for prisoners; and In comfortable, well-ventilated rooms, i I believe they should have good lit) erature and good newspapers, espe, daily their home county papers, en> abling them to keep posted upon the i acts and doings and to keep up with the progress of the people of their respective counties and of their state, In order that when they are given back to society they may not be as strangers in a new and unknown world, but may have the Incentive in familiar surroundings to build their lives anew upon the solid foundation of honesty and Integrity. I belleve*they should have the right kind of amusements, that the social instinct so necessary in the plan of their salvation may not be deadened within them. I believe ihat the whipping of pris1 oners should be forbidden, except In cases of wilful disobedience of rules or acts of insubordination, and that 1 then the whipping should be admin- 1 tered only in the presence of disinter- 1 ested citizens of good repute who are 1 not connected in any way, directly or indirectly, with the institution. The 1 people of the nation would be horrified t if they knew of the fearful brutality t i practiced in our prisons?the merciless i whippings, the electric shocks and ( 1 other forms of shocking cruelty. Ev- < ery chief executive should inform i himself of these things, that he may ' remedy the appalling conditions. As 1 I can testify from experience, it is to ] easy matter to secure the information. I It cannot be done by personal visits, 1 because on such visits everything will 1 be in the best of shape, and if the 1 prisoners are asked how they are ] t treated they will be afraid not to say ] they are well treated, because of the s ' knowledge that if they state the facts they will be visited with even more i cruel punishment by their keepers, i But the proper kind of investigation, i in the right kind of way. will bring i forth the facts, and the remedy can < be applied by a just and fearless man. ' i Thousands of prisoners every day I arc being released after service of the I full sentences imposed upon them. In J what condition are these men to re- < i enter society and to take up again the ! burdens and responsibilities and priv- < ileges of citizenship? What more im- < , portant duty rests upon the chief exe- ] cutive than that of seeing to it that i confinement has tended to reform the prisoner rather than to make a more t hardened criminal of him? < There are some professing Chris- 1 tians?God save the mark!?down in ( my state who condemn me for these ' ideas, and who sneeringly ask if pris- ' ' ons are to be made so attractive that 1 they w ill lure men into them. We can 1 only pity such beings, and pray God 1 that his all-encircling charity may in ' some manner include them. I believe that prisoners, in healthy 1 and wholesome surroundings, ought to s be put to work at useful trades, or 1 taught useful trades when they do not 1 know them. In my state most of the ' convicts are worked on the roads. This 1 work, properly required, is healthy for the able-bodied, and benefits the people at large. But we have the women and the weak-bodied also to look after, and other suitable work may be found for them, i And there is another matter which i should be considered. In the majority of cases the family of the prisoner suffers more than the prisoner himself. It seems to me that much of this suffering could be relieved by paying to the dependent family of a prisoner a small compensation for the prisoner's labor. In muny instances in my state the husband and father is Imprisoned for crime, and his wife and little ones are left at home without any means i of support, suffering hardships and f privations, thiown absolutely on the mercy of the world for the bread they must have. Had there been a system of compensation to the family in South Carolina while I was governor, it would have relieved me of what I felt to be the necessity for taking action in a number of cases, where the husband und father was sent home to save his family from dire distress. We are told by some that a man should consider his wife and children before he commits a crime. That is true, but if he does not, the fact of suffering u-nmpn nnri rhllHrpn ntflrM iih in thp face?innocent women and children suffering for want of food and clothing. Of course there are cases in which even their appeals must be disregarded, in order that society may be protected, and charity, which too often is found wanting, must be relied upon to put bread in the mouths of babes crying because they are hungry. Still another matter which I have urged is that we ought to discard the system of numbering prisoners?designating them only by number. It would have a much better effect in reclaiming prisoners if their identity was maintained, even though they occupy a. prison cell, keeping constantly before them the fact that they are human beings and that they have a soul. And when the prisoners are released It Is nothing short of a greater crime than most of them have committed to hound them down by always reminding any one to whom they might apply for work that they are cx-convlcts. There ought to be a law passed by every iatate, and a national law passed and enforced, to prevent .his great evil. The poor fellow should be helped to rise and do better instead pf being held down, with so-called detectives, hirelings, running around trying to get people to perjure themselves in order to work up new cases igainst men who have expiated their :rimes by the time they have spent in prison. I was heralded to the world as "the pardoning governor," and I am proud >f the title. I investigated every case jefore me, and always was saddened .vhen I found a case in which my duty , o my people forbade me to exercise :lemency. My ideas along the line of * he parole system and of prison reform lave been called extreme by many, but there are those of us here today who will live to see them carried out throughout the nation, if we continue .0 go forward in the future as we have advanced in the past. "What if some )f the objections whereby our institutions arc assailed are extreme and ipeculative," said Massachusetts great scholar, "and the reformers tend to deallsm; that only shows the extravagance of the abuses which have driven he mind into the opposite extreme." The greatest debate this nation ever A'itnessed was staged in the senate of :he United States between a son of Massachusetts and a son of South Carjlina. Both were imbued with the highest patriotism, and each was striving towards the same goal, but along lifferent paths. Looking back to that ime, we can see the gloom of civil var, in which brother was to be pitted igainst brother, was already settling jpon our great nation. A few years ater the inevitable storm was upon is. Fifty years have now passed since ts fury was spent, and today South Carolina and Massachusetts, by the ervia aevonon iu piiuuiyic <th?.ii lelped to bring on the great battles in which the sons of one wore the gray 1 ind the sons of the other the blue, can i clasp hands with higher respect each t 'or the other and with the friendship >f brothers each of whom knows the ] :ourage of the other and his devotion > :o a common mother. And I am glad < hat today South Carolina's voice can < )e raised in Massachusetts in the in erest of the great reforms which I < vould urge. I hear sometimes expression from ' he north and the east and the west ' is to the treatment of negroes and ne- 1 jro prisoners in the south. Let me ?ay that while I was governor of South Carolina, three-fourths, at least, of the cases in which I exercised clemency were those involving negro prisoners. The best friend the negro has ever had, so long as the negro stays in his place, is the southern white man, and the negro knows it The south will work out her own problem along this < line, and outside criticism and interference can only retard the solution. But in the underlying principles of improving our systems generally, we jhould all work hand In hand. In this connection, I may say that recently I visited the penitontiary of my state, and I saw walking around in i large, comfortable corridor, two negroes held upon the charge of having criminally assaulted white women. They had escaped their Just deserts for the time being. Locked and barred Inside of cell about four feet wide ind seven feet long, with a little wlnJow, Iron-barred, about two feet jquare, were three white men, charged with having killed a negro who had criminally assaulted a white woman. [ do not mean to say the incident is usual, but it was in South Carolina. In conclusion, I would again urge he importance of the duty of the chief executives ir. the proper handling and treatment of prisoners. Our chief executives are clothed with large powers, and a heavy responsibility is :heirs. A man in jail awaiting trial 13 presumed to be innocent?a presump:ion too often trampled upon by the law which has made it. A prisoner serving a sentence is a human being, with a soul?a being created in the mage of the same God in whose im lge you and I were created. Society must be protected, but the most efficient means of protecting it is the reform of the criminal, and just as surey as we make criminals more hardened by the punishment which we mete lut, as surely is society going to suffer, and those responsible must give in accounting some day, if not In this ife, then at the bar of the Great Tudge, who, I must believe, is going :o hold to a stricter accountability hose who have violated his iaws unler the hypocritical cloak of laws made by men, than he will hold the J ioor unfortunates who have erred hrough the frailties of their human latures, 'For they appeal from tyranny to , God." * A state warehouse is to be erected n Lexington county within the next 'ew weeks. PALMETTO GLEANINGS Current Happenings and Events Throughout 8outh Carolina. N. D. Womble has been elected mayor of the town of Mayesville, defeating J. D. Mayes. Governor Manning has appointed J. H. Turner and I. B. Carter as commissioners of state elections In Cherokee county. Edward White, formerly a clerk In a Charleston grocery store, has been arrested, charged with the larceny of several hundred dollars from his emDloyer. Richland county prisoners have been transferred from the state penitentiary and the city jail to Richland's new Jail, which has only recently been completed. Joe Jackson, the famous fielder of the Cleveland, Ohio, baseball team, has been sold to the Chicago American league team for the sum of $20,000. Jackson is a native of Greenville. Numerous applications for appointment as state whisky gauger to succeed L. M. Fouche, deceased, have been received at the governor's office. The appointment will be made by September 1st. W. R. Neely, jailor of Greenville county, is being urged to run for sheriff by his friends. He was appointed jailor by the present sheriff, Hendrix Rector. Cornelia McCrackin. a negro woman of Newberry, has been arrested, charged with the theft of the wedding dress and other clothes of the Newberry lady for whom she cooked. Fire In Williamston, Anderson county, Tuesday morning, destroyed three houses and caused the death of Roy Hand, a 12-year-old boy who was trapped in the upper story of his father's residence. Miss Mattie E. Sammouds, a popular young lady of Greenville, was killed last Sunday near that city when an automobile in which she was riding with her brothers was overturned. One of the brothers was pretty severely injured. David R. Coker of Hartsville, one of best known farmers in South Carolina, was married to Miss May Roper, daughter of Daniel C. Roper, assistant postmaster general in Washington on Wednesday. John Mack, a negro chauffeur, was arrested in St. Matthews this week, charged with reckless driving and with painfully wounding a young boy whom he ran over. The negro is in Jail in default of bond. Sam J. Nlcholls and B. A. Morgan, candidates in the second primary in the race for congress, have filed statements of their expenses between the first and second primaries with the secretary of state. According to the statements Nlcholls spent $200 and Morgan $1,098. James A. Parler has been declared by the supreme court to be the superInian/lont r.f oH ur?Q tlrvn TVirrhpctM* county. In the general election Parler received 392 votes and J. J. Howell 312. The latter appealed to the supreme court on the ground of certain Irregularities. Attorney General Thos. H. Peeples, upon request of Lieutenant Governor A. J. Bethea for a ruling on the subject. has given it as his opinion that the lieutenant governor cannot act In the absence of the governor unless the governor publicly places the lieutenant governor In charge. The ruling was necessitated by the tiling of a petition signed by citizens of Beaufort, asking the lieutenant governor to order an election on the question of recalling Mayor Danner and Councilman Marscher of Beaufort, following their dismissal of City Manager Home last week. After being informed of the attorney general's opinion, Lieutenant Governor Bethea declined to order the election on the ground thai Governor Manning did not publicly place him In charge of the government when he left the state several days ago. The army worm, or something similar to it, has made an attack upon the fine field of alfalfa on the plantation of C. M. Bflrd near here, says a Lexington dispatch of Tuesday. The entire field has been almost completely ruined, the attack being so quick and effective that the entire patch became Infected before It was discovered. This pest appears to work in droves, and once a field becomes Infected, It Is not long before complete and thorough destruction follows in their wake. While Mr. Eflrd's Is the only field that has so far been attacked, it is almost certain that the worm will attack similar crops in the Immediate neighborhood. Judge Eflrd, however, expects to take the initiative,, and will A A*AV\ A t Vl A use every menus iu pui ? oiu|< iw further spread of the pest. Sam J. Nicholls of Spartanburg, defeated B. A. Morgan of Greenville for the vacancy In the Fourth congressional district, caused by the election of former Congressman Joseph T. Johnson to the position of Federal judge, in the second primary which was held Tuesday. Nicholls' majority is about 600, according to unofficial returns. The vote In the second primary was considerably heavier than that of the first, approximately 18,000 ballots being cast. Nicholls carried Spartanburg, Laurens and Union counties? the latter two by very small majorities. Mr. Morgan carried Greenville county by a majority of about 2,000 and Mr. Nicholls lead in Spartanburg county by an equally large majority. Mr. Nicholls, the new congressman from the Fourth, is the son of Judge Geo. A. Nicholls of Spartanburg. He is 30 years of age and for the past eight years has been associated with his father in the practice of law. He is a graduate of Virginia Polytechnic institute at Blacksburg, Va? from which institution he iras graduated when he was 19 years oi age. When little more than 21 years of age, he was elected to the general assembly where he served one term, and did not seek re-election. He opposed Congressman Johnson for re-election In the campaign last summer and was defeated. Nlcholls achieved considerable notoriety last year through the famous "dictagraph frame up," and to many people he is known only as "Dictagraph Sam." He has always been a loyal political and personal friend of former Gov. Blease. Several months ago he was married to Miss Eloise Clark of Green Bay, Wis.