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44 _ ISSUED SEMI-WEEKL"^ l. m grist's sons. Pubiiihen. J % 4ami,8 : ^or th< gromotion of political, ?ociat, Hgritullupl and Commercial Jntercsia of <h< ?eopl$. | ESTABLISHED 1855. "YORKVILLE, 8. O., FRIDAY, NOVEMiBER 6, 1914. NO. 89 THE NERVE Of % Even the Bravest terious Influe Of all the mysteries of war?and there are many?none Is more baffling or more elusive to the student of fighting human nature than the way in which blind panic will grip and temporarily paralyze even the most seasoned troops. No fighting man in the world, the British bluejackets or British Tommy Atkins not excepted, is immune from the sudden, subtle attack of "blue funk." White. Brown and Black. However, so far as a comparison of the fighting qualities of the various nations is possible?I have never found any material difference in ^ man's courage be he white, brown or black, though it assumes different forms?I should say, without disrespect to our allies, that the Frenchman is the most susceptible to panic. ^ The Frenchman's imaginative qualities make him a bonny and enthusiastic fighter, but, just because he has a vivid imagination, is he peculiarly liable to lose his head?and to lose it very badly. I remember being with the French foreign legion during the Moroccan war when, late one night, the goums < (native scouts) came galloping back to camp with the news that the Moors were coming on in force. Panic will seize men in broad daylight, but certainly there is nothing more favorable to its development than the actuality or fear of an attar-k at the small hours of the morn ing. The alarm, as it so happened, was a false one but the mischief was done. Suddenly, instantaneously, like the dropping of a great black pall, fear fell upon us. and these hard-bitten, reckless "devils" of the foreign legion broke and scattered. I dare say to the mind of many a * reader there will spring up a picture of a disordered, yelling mob running this way and that, but the picture, if conceived, would be false. If one can lay a finger on any salient characteristic of panic, it is that % panic-stricken men do not run. They walk, or rather stumble, along, heedless of whither they are going, so long as it is away from the enemy. Also, men in the grip of a nameless fear do not cry out. Their tongues, like their limbs, are more or less paralyzed. ^ When I meet a man who tells me that he has never been afraid under fire I know him to be a liar. Perhaps, in one's first engagement, the novelty and excitement of the occasion counterbalance fear. But I am certain that the oftener a man goes into action the more he is afraid, and it is morale, discipline, and, above all, the fear of being exposed as a coward, that keeps him from running away. Another curious characteristic of panic is the fact that, though the re0 treating men may be fired into, and harried and hustled, they will not retaliate. In fact, they seem to wish to be killed, and during a debacle one might say that every man hangs out ^ a placard on his back of "Please shoot me!" Eighteen miles did the foreign legion walk and stumble across the I desert, though no enemy pursued. Then, as suddenly as it had come, fear left them, and they pulled up, ashamed to look at their officers, ashamed to look at themselves. What stops a panic? It is hard to ? say. As often as not. it goes as mysteriously, as inexplicably as it came. Tt mnv be said, however, that it is always the officers who save the situation. beating and taunting the men into manhood again. 4 During the last Zulu war the late Lord "Bill" Bresford came upon a Tommy who had got a bad attack of funk and was cowering behind a rock. Beresford looked at him. and then said: "Your poor dear old MANUEL OFFERS | Ex-King Manuel of Portugal, here zollern princess, has offered to serve with the alliance between Great Hrit royalist friends to be loyal to their c restore him to the throne. ' THE SOLDIER Subject to Mysnce of Panic. mother would be proud if she could see you, wouldn't she?" British Soldiers Firm. With a snarl the man leaped to his feet, rushed into the thickest of the fray, and fought like a tiger suffering from toothache. Of all the fighting men the British bluejacket or soldier is the least liable to panic. Still, even he does not always escape, although, in an experience as a war correspondent which embraces 19 campaigns and 29 pitched battles, I have only once seen the British Tommy thoroughly and utterly demoralized. This was at the battle of Tamai, when, through a blunder for which General Sir Gerald Graham, V. C., chivalrously assumed a responsibility that was not his, the leading square was ambushed. It was so neatly trapped that, before anything could be done, there were 3,000 of the enemy Inside the square. Then the men began to give. There was no shouting, no running, but just a confused, straggling, aimless walk, or roll, to nowhere in particular. This lasted for seven or eight minutes, and then a trifling incident caused the cord of fear to snap like a fiddle-string. A wounded Tommay, down in the sand, had got hold of a Dervish around the legs in such a manner that the latter could not use his spear. Some of the men, catching sight of the struggle, called to the others to turn and watch it. In a few seconds the square was stationary, and facing inwards, watching a (duel. Slowly, pertinaciously, hanging on like a bulldog, the Tommy?a very powerful man?dragged the Dervish down, stretched him across his knee and broke his back in two. Cheer after cheer greeted the feat, and then the late Bennet Burleigh lifted up a most unmusical voice and bellowed forth. "Rule. Britannia!" That did it. Yell after yell of Homeric laughter burst from the ranks. Then came silent?a grim, terrible silence, as the men spat on their hands and went to the bayonet killing. Of the 3.000 or more Dervishes inside the square not one came out alive; but for about ten minutes it had been touch-and-go with Tommy Atkins. Colored troops, of course, get panic badly. At El Teb. I was in the first battle of El Teb, when Valentine Baker Pasha's force of 6,000 Egyptians and some 300 Europeans was cut to pieces. Over 4,500 Egyptians were slain, while I was one of the six survivors out of 300 Europeans. The informed square broke at the first Bedouin onslought and then ensued a horrible panicstricken procession back to the sea. The enemy hung on for two or three miles, cutting, slashing, killing at will, for, as I have said, characteristically of panic, the men made no effort to defend themselves. In* this armageddon there will be panics. i fersonany, i minK me i^uuu ratn will be the first to "crack" under the strain. At the same time, no race has a monopoly of panic, for none escapes our common heritage of fear, only some men have the panic sense more highly developed. What about the Teuton? The German soldier may either set an example of moral stamina, or he may prove to be overtrained and stale, and therefore liable to the sudden onrush of senseless fear. One thing, however. I can assert with confidence: If there be a man on earth who is impervious to panic ?who can avert it, or stay it once It has developed, then that man is the British officer, naval or military. Except in his own petty or nonTO HELP ENGLAND Bh i u M ' v;k%.v :. | shown with his wife, who is a HohenEngland in any capacity in accordance ain and Portugal, and has advised his ountry. It is said plans are on foot to commissioned officers, the British officer is unapproached in the hold he has over his men. and in the hold he has over himself.?Philadelphia Public Ledger. FOOD FOR THE HUNGRY Governor Blease Calls for Help for Starving Belgians. Editor of The Yorkville Enquirer: I am in receipt of the following cable message, which is self-explanatory, and which you may desire to publish in your paper, in order that the people of this state may, if thay so desire, contribute to the relief of the cause therein stated: "London, November 3. "The Governor of South Carolina, Columbia. S. C. Would you be good enough to interest yourself in the critical situation which exists amongst the people of Belgium to the extent either through official agencies or through the creation of some committee for the purpose to collect foodstuffs or money within your state on behalf of these people, such foodstuffs to consist of cereals, bacon or ham. It would be a matter of great gratification if the people of your state could furnish one or more shiploads of foodstuffs to be known as the South Carolina Ships. If you could see your way to take in hand this beniflcent work, we will use every influence we can bring to bear to have handed over to you all of the funds subscribed within your state for Belgian relief, that they may be translated entirely in foodstuffs. We can arrange for the reception of such food on the Atlantic Seaboard and its transportation and distribution in Belgium. Herbert Hoover, Chairman." I would suggest, if the matter is taken up in your section of the state, that suitable parties be designated to receive subscriptions and forward them to Chairman Hoover. Very respectfully, Cole. Ll Blease. Governor. "TOMMY" AS A PRISONER Good-Natured and Willing to Work, Berlin Observer Says. The daily life of the British war prisoners at work in the concentration camp at Dobertiz, the large open drill ground of Prussian troops, 20 miles from Berlin, is described in a recent issue of the Vossische Zeitung. "Tommy," according to the German newspaper, shows no ill-feeling whatever toward his Prussian guards, and works well. "He cultivates the land in the neighborhood, under Prussian direction. He repairs the roads, works in the fields, pulls up weeds in the stretches laid out as gardens, and levels the ground where necessary. It is prisoner's work, but not slave's work, that he does, and everything is done quietly and good-naturedly. One hears no bad or angry words, no summons to be more diligent, and one notices no unfriendly glances. Often enough the German landwehrsmann superintending the party shows how things must be done by taking the tools into his own hands; and Tommy is quite willing to learn. He even takes pains with his work. Many of the men come from the country and love the soil. "Each gang is in charge of one of its own non-commissioned officers, and is superintended by a man of the Prussian landwehr. Only the rank and file work; the non-commissioned officers, who, according to military prescriptions, cannot be required to work, stand about smoking cigarettes. Communication between the English and the Germans is carried on by signs, for not one of the 3.000 Englishmen at Doberitz either speaks or understands a word of German."" The Vossische Zeitung states that the British prisoners did not get on well with the French and Russian prisoners at Doberitz, and that there was also a distinctly hostile attitude between the English and Scotch prisoners on the one hand and the Irish on the other. The superintendents, it says, were obliged to separate the men into regiments so that the Irish might work alone. FOR CONTROL OF THE COAST Terrible Bloodshed Along Shores of British Channel. An eye-witness account from the battle front in France and Belgium written, as previously stated, by Col. E. D. Swinton of the intelligence department of the British general staff, was given out Wednesday by the official press bureau, says a London dispatch. It bears the date of October 26, and reads in part as follows: "After the fall of Antwerp and the relief of the besieging troops there was a gradual increase in the strength of the opposition met by us. The resistance of the detachments, which beyond the right extreme of the German fortified position near Bethune a fortnight ago consisted almost entirely of cavalry, grew more and more determined as more infantry and guns came up into the front line until Tuesday, October 20, when the arrival opposite us of a large portion of new formations and a considerable number of heavy guns enabled the enemy to assume the offensive practically against the whole of our line, at the same time that they attacked the Belgians between us and the coast. "The operations then really assumed a fresh complexion. On Wednesday, October 21, the new German formations again pressed forward in force vigorously all along our line. On our right, south of the Lys. an attack on our lines was repulsed with loss to the assailants. On the other hand we were driven from some ground close by to the north, but regained it by a counter attack. "Still further to the north the Germans regained and retained some points. Their casualties to the southeast of Armentieres were estimated at over 6,000. "On the north of the Lys, in our center, a fiercely contested action took place near La Gheir, which village was captured in the morning by the enemy and then retaken by us. In this direction the German casualties were extremely heavy. "On our left our troops advanced against the German 26th reserve corps near Paaschendaele and were met by a determined counter offensive, which was driven back with local losses." ? Lee Hamilton and A. \1. Chapman of Saluda county, have just received notice informing them that they have been awarded hero medals and $1 000 each by the Carnegie commission, for heroism displayed in saving the lives of several persons who were about to drown in the Saluda river, at Chappels, several years ago. X'.:' The Philippino government recently granted its first concession to foreign capital, an English company getting a twenty-year right to develop hardwood forests. FOOTSTEPSOFTHE FATHERS As Traced In Early Files of The Yorkville Enquirer NEWS AND VIEWS OF YESTERDAY Bringing Up Records of the Past and Giving the Younger Readers of Today a Pretty Comprehensive Knowledge of the Things that Most Concerned Generations that Have Gone Before. The first Installment of the notes appearing under this heading was published In our Issue of November 14. 1913. The notes are being prepared by the editor as time and opportunity permit. Their purpose is to orms into review the events of the past for the pleasure and satisfaction of the older people and for the entertainment I and Instruction of the present generation. NINETIETH INSTALLMENT Virginia Correspondence. Camp near Germantown, Army of the Potomac, August 20th, 1861. Dear Enquirer:?To any one who has the temerity to make the experiment, an attempt at a correspondence, whilst confined within the noisy precincts of a soldier's camp, with a box, or a barrel for a writing desk, a corroded piece of iron for a pen, and with not a moment of quietness for thought, will prove a task difficult to be performed satisfactorily, yet, I have determined to make the effort?however rash?believing that a short communi"attnn fnnohiner affairs in this section of the world, would not be uninteresting to your readers; particularly as so many of the gallant sons of York are encamped here in obedience to their country's call. Our regiment, that is the 6th commanded by Col. Winder, Colonel Jenkins, Colonel Sloan and Col. Blanding, constitute the brigade under Gen. D. R. Jones, now tented within a mile and a half of Fairfax court house. Our men have suffered, and are suffer ing severely, from a disease which seems even to pursue a camp with its distressing ravages, though no deaths have occurred as yet from this cause, the unfriendly climate by which we are surrounded, together with the lingering effects of the measles by which our army has been sorely scourged, appears to have rendered its form more aggravated than it might under other circumstances have been. Fortunately, however, it seems to have abated somewhat in the last three or four days. Many of the soldiers, no doubt, have grievously felt the want of properly prepared provisions, as few of them had acquired any knowledge of the culinary art before they were called to nn nnmnlflint hnWPVPT hO.S been alleged against the commissary department for the provision supplies have been of good material and very abundant. I have understood that General Beauregard has ordered government bakeries to be established about Fairfax, in order to supply the army with wholesome bread. This would be decidedly a wise measure. We are beginning to look with no little apprehension to the coming winter; already have we had an earnest of what we may reasonably expect when the cold season sets in regularly; for the last week the weather has been exceedingly rough and uncomfortable, cold winds and continual rains have visited us with unmitigated roughness. After the lightest fall of rain, the earth here becomes a "slip and slosh," and appears to exude to the surface double of the quantity of water that had fallen from the heav ens?it is infinitely worse than the South Carolina "blackjacks," the soldiers consequently sustain great inconvenience and frequently contract disease from having their feet continually damp. My own have not been dry in four days. Most of our men are totally unprepared for the severity of a northern winter, and they are necessarily dependent upon friends at home for supplies of suitable winter clothing which is impossible to procure here. Surely the patriotic people of York need only to be informed of this fact to make the requisite outfit for her soldiers, forthcoming immediately. Woolen clothing is needed?not money. In behalf of the York Guards, I take tV?n Hharfv r\f rpminfUn? thp pitizPTlS flf Fort Mills, Rock Hill and Blairsville that they have brothers and sons now defending the homes which they enjoy in peace and quiet, and that it would be criminal in the last degree on their part to permit a single man of this gallant corps to suffer for a moment or "perchance to die" from the want of comfortable apparel. I had my strength and patience slightly tested on the day we marched from Camp Pettus?where we were last stationed, to this place, a distance of six or seven miles. The rain poured in torrents upon us, almost without intermission, during the whole march, the mud was frequently six inches deep, and everything in fact seemed to me to have conspired to render the journey difficult and disagreeable. The Brigade, however, with the soldierly bearing and fortitude accomplished it without appearing to be jaded even? resting only ten minutes on the way. With a stern determination to play the soldier, I slung my knapsack, buckled on my military accoutrements shouldered my gun?a very good rifled musket taken from the Yankees on the memorable 21st and took my position in the line of march; it proved almost to great a feat for my strength, however, and with great reluctance I had to "own up" and saddle my servant with my fighting implements, after which I ran the bop trot with the swiftest. The lot of the common soldier is hard and to see the willingness and cheerfulness, with which gentlemen heretofore accustomed to ease and luxury even, discharge the arduous duties and endure the severe privations common to the common soldier, alone can convey the adequate conception of the appreciation by southerners of that peerless boon for which they are gallantly struggling? the liberty and independence of the south. I have been in an attitude to see, to feel and to experience in some sort, and I shall ever remember with unmixed gratitude the man who has shouldered his gun and gone forth to battle in this sacred cause. It is truly gratifying to witness the confidence evinced by the soldiers generally in their company and regimen tal officers. This is peculiarly the case with the 5th Regiment. Col. Jenkins, by his assiduous and kindly attention to the wants of his men, has elicited their universal esteem and warm devotion. In reference to the 6th, to which I am attached I cannot speak with the same degree of certainty, as I have but a slight acquaintance as yet with a great part of the regiment. Of the York Guards commanded by Captain John M. White I can do so ex cathedra of course, this unaffected sterling and game officer, diligently aided by his energetic and gentlemanly lieutenants? Messrs. Crosby, Moore nnrt T/iuo never ceases in his watch ful vigilance after the welfare of his men. The 6th Regiment considers itself under peculiar obligation to President Davis for their efficient colonel. This gentleman, though a few weeks ago an entire stranger to almost every man of the regiment, has already won the unbounded confidence of his entire command. I became acquainted with him the day after my arrival at Camp Pettus, and found him to be an unassuming, urbane and rather accomplished gentleman. He is quite an adept in military matters, being an officer of the regular army of the Confederate states, and having been heretofore connected with the regular army of the defunct United States. He is almost too much of a "rule and live" man from education to please every volunteer who has not yet become properly bridle-wised in war. I speak thus particularly of the confidence and regard entertained by the men for their leaders, because, from my limited experience and observation, I am persuaded the paramount importance 01 such a relation between the officers and soldiers, not only on account of its direct bearing upon the cause of J our oeiovea country, out ueuuuse ??. contributes materially to the contentment and satisfaction of the soldier and lightens the pressure of the hardships and trials to which he is subjected in a campaign. The army is a place to learn something of the human character, every variety of the genus homo is presented to the view on a single stage from the far seeing general who is capable of wielding thousands in a belligerent operation with the same skill and cool calculation that Morphy disposes of his pieces upon a chess board, down to the swarm of diminutives who are proud to revel in the destruction of being a voluntary attache of some colonel. There is in the region of the army a pestiferous multitude of the latter ever seeking some appointment or name of an office with which to justify or rather authorize a few strips of brass upon their shoulders and stripes on their limbs, no matter who pays the cvnonimc that thpv m?v annear to ' hold the position of common saints. It is very questionable if their services will ever compensate for their outlay. The privates?the bone and sinew of the army, when contrasted with the woarars of spangled apparel, cannot attract any special notice of course. Whether an immediate demonstration against Washington or any other Federal stronghold is contemplated by the authorities that be or not, can only be a matter of conjecture. One in a camp is entirely precluded from learning anything transpiring without; certain it is, however, that a forward movement of troops Is now steadily progressing towards the Potomac. It has been rumored that the Lincolnites are preparing to advance upon us again, if so, Fairfax or perhaps Manassas again, will witness a scene of blood and carnage compared with which the battle of the 21st of July will shrink into insignificance! For we may well expect that they will make a desperate effort to retrieve their lost cnaracter ror courage ana prowess < upon the battlefield. Whether the Yan- ! kees move or not, I have very little < doubt but that a fight Is not far ahead < of us. I believe that the Potomac op- ' poses at present the only impediment ' to the prompt movement of the Con- i federate forces. Maryland is to be lib- i erated and the enemies' relish for the i delicacies of war is to be gratified by i its free indulgence on his own soil. One month more will not elapse before the programme here indicated will be ' a fact. I would like to give a short descrip- . tion of the sights yet visible on the battlefield of Manassas Plains, and say something of the hills and ravines, where the 5th maneuvred and particularly of that perpendicular precipice over or down which they charged or rather "slid" in their rush towards the Yankees; but it must be reserved for another occasion if that occasion shall be permitted to arise by the fortunes of war. Moore. (To Be Continuec). Risk in Motoring. Actuaries of accident insurance companies find that the man who drives a racing automobile in speedway contests runs 3,000 times the normal risk of death or injury. He must be charged $350 for a $10,000 policy covering a period in which he is engaged not more than 24 hours in practice speeding or ifctual racing, says the Louisville-Courier-Journal. The figures are suggestive to sane end law-abiding automobilists who are subjected to risk of life and limb because of the efforts of a few speed maniacs to emulate upon the public roads the feats of the drivers of racing cars upon courses especially adapted to fast driving. The normal risk in motoring?that is to say, the risk encountered where the . traffic conditions are normal?is less than the risk involved in farm labor, where farm animals and tools and machinery are handled. The accident underwriters, we believe, rate automobile owners according , to their vocation. A business or professional man who would get the low est premium rate ir he did not drive an automobile pets that rate regardless of his ownership of an automob''^ That is a right rating, because others than automobilists are run down and maimed or killed by the speedsters. But there is a considerable loss to accident insurance companies that is due di- , reetly to violations of reasonable speed regulations. , Investigations by the geological i survey of the erosion of numerous < drainage basins of the United States 1 show that the surface of the country is 1 being worn away at a rate of about an i inch in 760 years. i illiocfllanroiis ilradmtv GOVERNOR ON THE BOND BILL Explains in Message Why Measure Was Not Signed. Governor Blease on Monday night, sent the following message to the general assembly on the subject of the bond bill: "On account of the extraordinary occasion which had occurred in our state, I felt it Incumbent upon me, for the welfare of the planting interests In South Carolina and all classes of our citizenship, to convene the general assembly in extra session to pass such laws as in your good judgment would be necessary and proper for the relief of the citizens of our state. When your body met, in accordance with my proclamation, I had the honor to communicate to you suggestions with regard to certain measures which it seemed to me would, to a great extent, relieve our people from the distressing condition into which they hade fallen on account of the fall in the markets of their staple product and their inability to find the necessary funds wherewith to meet the demands that were made upon them, as well as the consequences which would befall our people for some time and until the foreign markets could again be open 1 to them and the readjustment or arfairs made which had been produced by the fearful and deplorable war then and now raging in Europe, and 1 upon the seas. You have now been in session for near four weeks. To a great extent the measures that I recommended have not met with your approbation and it is now too late for them to receive adequate consideration or to pass in any substantial form to our statute books as laws of the state. "I am now. however, in receipt from your body, and which you have ratified, an act entitled 'An act to authorize the issuing of J35,000,000 In 5 per cent coupon bonds of the state, to be known as South Carolina lotton bonds, and to submit the question of the issuing of the same to the lectors at the next general election, and to provide for the payment of in:erest and their retirement, and to prescribe the terms and manner of issuing and delivery of the same.' I im bound to officially accredit the members of your body with having passed this act in the best of good faith and patriotism and that you ( have brought to its discussion and its consideration the very best thought ( and the most earnest desire to give relief from the distressing conditions , ivhich surround our people. The act | s now before me for executive action ( ind I have endeavored to give to it , ill the consideration of which I am ( capable in this time of dire necessity to our people. It has brought to me , jreat embarrassment and hours of ( most harassing anxiety in endeavoring to reach a conclusion as to what is my duty and what is good for my ( people and state. ( "With regard to the act, I have ] Urave and serious doubts as to ( ivhether it meets with the require- < ments of our constitution. Upon this , point, however, I feel compelled to ] forbear placing my opinion as to such ( juestlon, which certainly presents | fAQOAnoKlu H miht hofnrn thp py- ] press wish of the representatives of ] the people in such a state of affairs is has arisen. The courts constituted for the purpose of deciding these luestlons must decide this question, if I were absolutely satisfied that the constitution, which in my oath of office I obligated myself to support and respect, forbids it, I would, under the solemnity of such oath, unhesitatingly disapprove of this act. I am impressed with the conviction that it is not fair to our citizens that they should be called upon to vote upon such a measure as this upon such inadequate notice?in fact, without discussion among them generally or knowledge of its main features. "At this late day, it seems to me l impossible for them to give the due < consideration and free consent which i the constitution intended if not enjoined. Here again the representatives of the people, howe.er, have seen fit in the exercise of their legistive wisdom and in accordance with their duty as they consider it, passed and ratified this act. which they, by such action, are convinced is for the good of the people, and asked that it be submitted to them. That the ? > ?o trl aci nas ueen parseu su iia.niij no vo time, and that such inadequate, if not 1 actual, lack of notice has occurred, ; may and should be a good reason why the voter should not give it his assent, but I cannot stand between the people and the legislature and prevent the expression of their will upon this subject. "If I felt that my action would be final it may be that, holding the convictions I have, that this is the most dangerous act of legislation that has 1 ever been presented to the people of South Carolina, I would unhesitatingly give my executive disapproval of the act. But the people, whose wishes I have always sought to obey and whose welfare I have always endeav- ' ored to care for and promote, have the decision with them as to whether it should become a law. I am so apprehensive of the dire disaster which may come to the credit of the state by incurring such a fearful amount of indebtedness for such a small state as South Carolina, and which perhaps ' and in all probability, in my view of it, will not give any relief to the poor farmers of our state nor sufficiently orotect the large planting interests of , many of our citizens, and so fearful of j such woeful consequences as may arise to our people at large, that I hesitate to assume any responsibility for the j measure. But I become hesitant and doubtful before the situation which my disapproval of this act may pro- ( duce, and which so many of our representatives and our farmers think , would meet the emergency which they now face, and that it is for their benefit and welfare. I "The constitution provides that 'if x bill or joint resolution shall not be , returned by the governor within three | days after it shall have been present?d to him, Sundays excepted, it shall ] have the same force and effect as If ( he had signed it. unless the general assembly, by adjournment, prevent its < return, in which case it shall have " such force and effect unless returned within two days after the next meeting.' In all probability one of the reasons of this constitutional provision is to meet Just such a situation as now presents Itself. Cannot Approve Act. "I cannot, entertaining the views that I do with regard to this act, approve it. I cannot feel that I am dealing with my people fairly in the sense of not giving them an opportunity to pass upon this question them selves. I cannot place my executive disapproval upon this measure. The responsibility, therefore, of Its becoming a law must rest with the general assembly which was convened in extra session to pass such laws as in their good judgment may be necessary and proper for the relief of the citizens of our state. It Is for the people to speak at the ballot box with regard to whether this tremendous debt shall be placed upon the property of the state for the long period for which these bonds run, bearing such a high rate of interest for state bonds. I therefore, leave the responsibility and burden of this question upon the general assembly and the people, should they by the necessary vote, authorize the same. At last it will be for them to say whether or not they have given due consideration and free consent to the Issue of these bonds and the consequences which may result from the carrying out of the terms and provisions of this as now framed. "Gentlemen, I shall withhold executive action upon this act and shall not return it to the house in which It originated within three days from the time it was presented to me if the general assembly shall not have adjourned before then. "I trust that each and every one of our citizens who votes at the next general election upon this matter shall give the utmost consideration and the most careful thought before they shall cast their vote for this act for the contracting of this great debt, which will not only burden some of the present generation, but probably generations to come. But after such due consideration and free consent is given, I truly hope that the consequences will be not such as I apprehend, but that it will meet the just expectations of those who are responsible for it." McLAURIN GETS BUSY Warehouse Commissioner Seeks to Put System in Operation at Once. Hon. John L. McLaurin, recently state warehouse commissioner, Is not losing any time in his efforts to do the best he can with the new law. He qualified and gave bond immediately after his election and on Tuesday began to see what he could do about securing the use of buildings on the state fair grounds. To that end he addressed letters to Hon. J. W. Kirven, president of the state fair association, and to Hon. Richard I. Manning, governor-elect: To Mr. Kirven: "The general assembly has devolved the duty upon me of putting into operation a warehouse system giving the people the benefit of storing cotton at cost. The amount provided is only 515,000, which of course is barely sufficient for the purpose of organization, in this financial emergency, cheap storage is a paramount necessity. The rates in many standard warehouses have already advanced to 30 cents a bale, which with high interest rates, makes it difficult to carry the surplus cotton over into 1916: "Some weeks ago ex-Mayor Gibbes, in an interview in the state, called attention to this situation and said: 'For the storage of cotton at this time the galvanized iron and steel frame buildt wnnlH nf ing on me staie mu giwuuuo ? ford exceptional facilities.' Mr. Gibbes further expressed the opinion that you would welcome the opportunity to prove the value of the society to the farmers in time of emergency.' "It gives me pleasure to offer you now this opportunity to give the farmers a chance to store their cotton at cost. The state has appropriated funds for the fair association ever since its organization, and this is a splendid chance to use these quasi public buildings to serve a substantial public use instead of their lying idle for a year. "I will have my headquarters temporarily at the Jefferson hotel, and if this suggestion appeals to your judgment I shall be glad to confer with you. With the railroad tracks convenient and with the city water, I believe that I can offer the public cotton storage cheaper than any warehouse in the state, where rent must be paid or dividends be earned upon the capital stock. If your society will permit me, under proper safeguards, to use the buildings until you need them next fall the farmers in this state will appreciate vnur notion and. in my judgment you will be more than rewarded in the liberal support of your association in the future." To Gov.-elect Manning: "1 am enclosing you a copy of an open letter to the president of the state Agricultural and Mechanical society, which I hope meets your approval. If consistent with your views, I respectfully request your assistance in securing this property. You have been a consistent supporter of the state warehouse system from the beginning, and I feel assured that I can count upon your co-operation, as governor of South Carolina, in making it a success. "Congratulating you upon your election and wishing you a peaceful, happy and prosperous administration of public affairs during your term of office." Great Battles. Here are some figures showing the number of combatants that took part In some of the most important, epochmaking fights of the past: ?>l UhUfll, ill tilt; Auaau-uapaiicoc *?***, heads the list with a total of more than 700,000 men in battle array. Leipsie ("The Battle of the Nations.") October 16 to 19, 1813?French, 160,000; Austrians, Russians and Prussians, 240,000. Total 400,000. Waterloo, June 18, 1815.?French, 71,947; British and Allies, 67,661. Total, 139,608. Gettysberg, July 1 to 3, 1863?Fed?rals, 80,000; Confederates 80,000. Total, 160,000. Sedan, August 29 to September 1, 1870?French, 150,000; Germans, 250,- ( )00. Total. 400,000. Mukden, March 1 to 10, 1905?Rus- 1 dons, 400.000; Japanese, 301,000. Total, 1*01,000.?Milwaukee Journal. TOLD BY LOCAL EXCHANGES News Happenings In Neighboring Communities. CONDENSED FOR QUICK READING Dealing Mainly With Local Affairs ot Cherokee, Cleveland, Gaston, Lancaster and Chester. Gaffney Ledger, Nov. 3: Mrs. E. S. McKown returned Saturday, from Columbia, where she attended the state fair. Mrs. McKeown is the agent in charge of girls' tomato club work in Cherokee county. The exhibit of the Cherokee girls received first mention for best fruit at the fair. All of the and at a meeting held last week It was decided to organize three cooking clubs in each county. Mrs. McKeown will take steps to organize the Cherokee county clubs next week Van Tate, a young negro man, was arrested yesterday morning about 3 o'clock by Sheriff W. W. Thomas on a charge of having murdered Herman Millsbury, another negro, at Cowpens about 11 o'clock Sunday night. The arrest was made at the home of the accused man's father, Wadas Tate, a short distance south of the city. Messrs. Geo. Goforth and Grover Henry, two Spartanburg deputies, came to the city yesterday morning in an automobile and carried Tate to Spartanburg, where he will be held for trial A glance at the county treasurer's tax books shows that there are not nearly so many receipts being Issued this year as at the same time last, although there are more than ordinarily would be expected considering the financial conditions Continuing the war being waged against local blind tigers the police authorities of the city seized and confiscated 24 pints of corn whisky from a negro named Mose' Mc oua w, rnuay nigni. in ponce COUTl Saturday the negro said that he was carrying the package for Munroe Durham, but that he was ignorant of its contents. The package was addressed to Thomas Hester. Mose was fined $5 for transporting and was warned not to violate the law again. The police now have in the city lockup a total of 137 pints of corn and rye whisky and about four dozen bottles of beer that have recently been confiscated.... Messrs. Dobson & Vassy and Butler & Hall, attorneys for the defendants in the case of Sarratt, Green et al., representing the people of the West End section of the city, versus the board of trustees of school district number 10, received notice Saturday of an appeal, filed by the attorneys of the plaintiffs, from the decision of the board of referees recently rendered in favor of the trustees. The plaintiffs in the action are represented by Messrs. Sanders & DePass of Spartanburg and Mr. G. W. Speer of this city. The notice of appeal, which is addressed to the Hon. George W. Nicholls, W. W. Lewis and R. K. Carson, as the board of referees, and to Butler & Hall and Dobson & Vassy, as attorneys for the defendants, cites ten exceptions to the findings of the referees Reports that Will Hughes, the life-term convict on the Spartanburg county chaingang, who on October 26th killed Robert Stevens a guard, by striking him In the head with a pick, was lurking in the vicinity of this city, caused mild excitement among the citizens Friday morning. The report was made to the authorities by Sam Alexander, a negro living on route four. A search made by the officers for the fugitive was fruitless. Alexander works for the Gaffney Furniture company. Upon arriving at the store Friday morning he reported to Mr. A. B. Holtzclaw that as he was coming to town shortly after seven o'clock he passed a white man sitting down in a railroad cut about a mile from the city; this man. according to Alexander, was cleaning two large pistols at the time he saw him. The negro said the man ordered him to give him a dime, and he told him that he had no money. The man then asked several questions concerning freight trains, at what time they passed, how fast they ran. etc., and after remarking that he certainly was going to get something to eat before the day was over, ordered the negro to move on. Upon hearing this story, Mr. Holtzclaw, who knows Hughes personally, concluded that the man described by Alexander was the escaped convict, and so notified Sheriff W. W. Thomas that a suspicious character had heen seen in the neighborhood. The sheriff gathered the entire police force of the city and went to the designated place where a thorough, but fruitless search was made. Chester Reporter, Nov. 2: Rev. D. G. Phillips, D. D., and Mr. A. G. Brlce expect to leave tomorrow for Little Rock. Ark., to attend the meeting of the A. R. P. Synod Mrs. T.hoda Estes Darby died at her home at the Eureka Mill, Thursday evening, and was buried the following day at New Hope church after funeral services by Rev. T. H. Roach. Mrs. Darby was a daughter of the late John Estes and was a native of the western part of the county. She is survived by the following children: James Darby, of Greenville; and Mrs. John Varnadore, Misses Lula and Jessie Darby, and Messrs. Walker and Ross Darby, of the Eureka Mill Mrs. Charlotte Weir and Mr. A. A. Crosby, two of the Halsellville community's old and well known residents, died Saturday, and both were laid to rest yesterday in Cool Pranch graveyard after funeral services by Rev. E. D. Wells Mr. S. E. Colvin, who sent nine of his S. C. Rhode Island Reds to the Piedmont Fair at Grenwood. last week, won the following premiums: 1st pen. 1st and 2nd cockerel, 1st hen, and 1st pullet. Miss Jo Yarborough's Canning club exhibit at the state fair last week cnntiiped soennd nrize. flftv dollars. which means that Chester county made a splendid showing, as the past year is the first for the Canning club work in this county At the regular monthly meeting of the county commissioners this morning at the office of County Supervisor T. J. Cunningham. Mr. S. E. Wylie. county treasurer, was authorized to borrow $3,500 to meet the county's current expenses, if so much be necessary. The other businesses considered at the morning sesion was mostly of routine character The annual banquet of the Brotherhood of Purity Presbyterian church was held in the Eberhardt building Friday evening, and was a most delightful affair. The supper was prepared and served by the ladles of the church and included all of the delicacies of the season. Hon. A. L. Gaston acted as toastmaster. and at the conclusion of the banquet presented Dr. W. S. Currell, president of the University of South Carolina, as the speaker of the evening. This was Dr. Currell's first address in Chester, and he charmed his hearers with his ripe scholarship, clearness and eloquence of expression, and his rich humor. Rev. A. D. P. Gilmour, D. D.. pastor r\f Pnrltv nhnrch Qnnlrp hripflv ftn the objects and accomplishments of the Protherhood, and short talks in similar vein were made by Messrs. W. J. Simpson. R. B. Caldwell. B. M. Spratt, and others. The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows: B. M. Spratt. president: S. M. Jones, vice president: H. H. Withers, secretary: and J. K. Johnston, treasurer. The chairmen of the various committees for the next twelve month are as follows: Bible Study?M. S. Lewis: Prayer?William McKinnell: Christian Culture?R. B. Caldwell: Missions?J. A. Hafner; Stewardship? R. M. Strange; Extension?E. P. Calhoun: Social Work?P. M. Paden; Personal Work?C. C. McAliley: Work for Poys?A. L. Oaston: Associated Charities?R. R. Haffner: Church and Church Property?O. R. Dawson: Church Attendance and Courtesy?J. I. Hardin: Music?Z. V. Davidson: (Continued on Page Four.)