i. M. grist s sons, Pnbu.hen.} I jM? fcurepapeii: Jfor ?n promotion of the political, Social, ^jricultura! ami CTomuicrriat .interests of the people { tn^t!^?^J'JS2m~iTstABM8HEb~l8gg. YORK VILLE, s7c., TUESDAY, OCTORER 3, 19tl". " >107797 ri| A DAR] * 4> By ETTA ^ CHAPTER XI?Continued. Mercy Poole did not approach her guests again during their stay at the inn. They saw no more or ner. n was the housemaid who always appeared at their call, and supplied them with j the abundant entertainment for which the old tavern was famous. Night came, and Fairy was put to sleep in the room adjoining Mrs. Iris's chamber. The latter person had murdered slumber. She tossed and turned on her plump feather pillows?she chafed and sighed the dark hours away, "and said "Thank Heaven!" when she saw the east grow rosy. As soon as the child was up she called her to her side and embraced her. "Fairy, kiss mamma," she said. "You must do your utmost for me today, child. Hannah, have you ordered the depot carriage to take us to the Woods?" "Yes, ma'am." "Where is our mannish, rampant landlady this morning? I could not drive her from my thoughts all night." "I'm glad to say I've not seen her? she gives me the shivers with her high-black looks." A little before midday the sound of wheels was heard in the street outside. Mrs. Iris looked forth, expecting to see the rattle-trap from the station; K,,? iai at thtt dnnr nf thp inn Rtood a landau, drawn by a pair of horses, and driven by a black coachman in livery. At the same moment the house-maid came running up the stairs with a message. "The carriage from Greylock Woods has just come for Mrs. Greylock and her child," she said, i He had sent his own equipage for her. Surely that was a good omen. The color flew into her pretty, faded face, her black eyes sparkled. "Quick, Hannah!" she cried, breathlessly; "put on your bonnet and shawl; you must come with me. And dress the child and make her lovely? my chief reliance is upon the child." ' Hannah obeyed. She was almost as agitated as her mistress. The unpaid wages of two years arose in her memory. Possibly this rich man might liquidate her mistress's debts. The two descended the stairs, and took their places in the carriage, and the blooded horses turned from the Inn door and flew along the sunny road, from Blackport town to the gates of Greylock Woods. Mrs. Iris leaned back among the soft cushions of the landau, holding to Fairy as to a sheet anchor, and keenly enjoying, through all her indolent being. the luxury of a decent vehicle once more. Her heart was in a tumult of hope and fear. Was it to triumph -V? oVl Ck. n'OO noil. %JI UlSa^^UIIIllllClil uiai 0IIV < uu vw> ed? The gate of the Woods stood open, as If in welcome, and Fairy began to clap her tiny hands. "Oh, the pretty place!" she cried; "here it is, mamma?the pretty place!" And Mrs. Iris, under her breath, answered: "Yes, child. Look, and see how lovely it is, and know that all this will go to a stranger, unless you can wrest it from him!" f Under the chestnuts, up the main avenue they went, but not to the door of the villa. The black coachman had received his orders. To Iris Grey lock's surprise he left the dust-brown house behind him, and drove on, past hotbeds and vineries, past a fish-pond, with a rustic bridge and tool-house, past knoll and hollow and cool clumps of evergreens, until, at last, he came to a cottage in the very heart of the Woods ?a full half-mile distant from the villa, and quite out of sight of it. Here the carriage stopped. Mrs. Iris looked, and saw a pretty, white, martin-box of a house, with fantastic peaks and gables, and a piazza, where a gay-colored hammock was swinging in the wind. From foundation to ridgepole, its entire front was hung with roses, now in full bloom?yellow and crimson, dazzling white and superb pink, sweetbrier and blush?they rioted and flaunted at every window, they hung like banners out the house," she said, as she made her bow to Mrs. Iris. "It is Mr. Oreylock's order. He wants you to see everything here. He will be coming directly to talk with you. Give me the child." She took Fairy in her arms; the tears fell on her honest cheeks. "And this is the poor Master Rob's daughter! Lord bless her? She has her father's blue eyes and yellow hair." Mrs. Iris alighted, wondering at this odd turn of affairs. Under the swinging roses she limped into the cottage, hanging to Hannah Johnson's arm. Hopkins, as guide, preceded them, and began to throw open the doors on either side of the pretty wainscoted hall. There was a drawing-room in terracotta and peacock-blue, with tables and cabinets in ebony and brass, a velvet carpet, atid many costly nicknacks. There was a boudoir in pink, with pictures on the walls, and a piano in a corner. There was a gem of a dining-room, with a deep rose-smothered hay-window, in which a maidservant was spreading a lunch of cold chicken and mayonnaise, cakes and fruit. There were kitchen-offices, and above stairs, airy chambers and a nursery full of sunshine and the breath of (lowers. For years Mr. Greyloek has rented this our household and mine must not co.^e in con- 1 tact?I do not wish to be remin*>d too frequently of your proximity. "Go on." "You are to obey my wishes in all things, but you are not to cross my path or hold any communication with me which is not absolutely necessary." i Her arm tightened around Fairy. She was very pale?with disappoint- < ment or rage, perhaps. "Remember, madam, it is solely for the child's sake that I offer you this I home." J "For the child's sake I accept it." "Very* well. Expect no more than 1 this from me, either now or in the fu- ' ture. All that I said to you yesterday I repeat today. My will is made and ' my heir chosen." Her eyes flashed. 1 "Pardon a mother's curiosity?may 1 1 . 1 asK nis name: "Sir Gervase Greylock of Sussex, 1 England?you must acknowledge that ' It sounds well." 1 She nodded, with a bitter smile, "And now, madam, all other matters you can settle with my housekeeper. Give her a list of the servants you ' wish to keep, and of every needed 1 thing which you do not find here. ' Send your bills to me for settlement, 1 until the day when you disregard my commands?at that time I shall wash my hands of your forever. Betwixt you and me there can be nothing but hostility?nevertheless the child shall ! not suffer. Farewell; I trust that we may have no occasion to meet again." He bowed and moved toward the door. The interview was over. Iris Greylock touched the child?a word from her rosebud lips might have been ' potent just then, but Fairy only drew 1 the closer to the mourning skirts, and remained stubbornly silent. Today she was afraid of the stern, gray man 1 who passed her with averted eyes. 1 Neither the fear of punishment nor the hope of reward could induce her to utter a syllable. So he went without hearing her voice. Mrs. Iris made haste to summon Hannah Johnson. The tempting lunch in the bay-window of the dining-room was waiting, and her crape bonnet and veil began to make her head ache. Without ceremony she tossed off these emblems of woe, and broke into a queer laugh. "Look around, Hannah Johnson," she said; "this is our future home! * ? ? -a we are xo live nere, anu v*ounc.? un...lock is to be our jailor. Oh, that heart of flint, that soul of ice! How I hate the man! I am never to go beyond his Rates without his permission, I am never to venture into his august presence: but he will feed and clothe us, and the wages due you will be at last be paid." "Lord be praised!" cried Hannah, with fervor. "One can't always live on air and promises, ma'am." "His servants will watch me. I shall be buried as deep as the Pharaohs. You see how the house stands, alone in a wilderness?amusement must be unknown here. Life will seem as dismal as death. I shall feel like a prisoner in a cell; but it is Oreylock Woods, Hannah, and at last, at last, I?Robert's despised widow? have found entrance here!" "Exactly, ma'am." "It is a step in the right direction? a beginning which may lead to great results. Heaven knows it will be hard to bear such an existence, even for a time; but I will soon find a way to improve the conditions upon which 1 am to live here. Oh, it was all that 1 eouhl do to keep from screaming with rage in his face as he talked to me just now! Well, life in the ogre's den hegins fron this hour. Hannah, and it must he an improvement upon our Boston hoarding-house. I am quite ready for the chicken and mayonnaise in the next room." She lifted Kair.v suddenly upon her lap. There was a wicked look in her black eyes as she bent hack the golden head, and carefully scanned the child's rose-leaf beauty. "I have work for you, petite," she almost hissed. "You have opened a door for me into my enemy's stronghold, but you must do more?much more! You are to conquer the man outright; you are to avenge all the insults he has heaped upon me; you are to make him my spoil, and yourself the heiress of Greyloek Woods. You are to snatch away the great expectations of Sir Gervase. the English heir; you are to give me riches, ease, power, and to be my obedient daughter, with no will but mine. All this will be difficult, perhaps dangerous, but you can do it, and you must!" "Woe be to the child if she fails!" muttered Hannah Johnson, under her breath. CHAPTER XII. Polly Speaks Again. On a small, white bed, in a coo), still hospital room, I lay wrestling with death. My fidelity to Nan had cost me dear, indeed! I was bruised and brok.0 en; I was racked in every limb with unspeakable pangs. My bandaged head, from which some hand had cut away the matted black hair, throbbed with delirious visions. A window at the head of the bed sent a shaft of light quivering across the spotless counterpane that covered my helpless body, and up that luminous way I was always striving to climb. Somewhere at the end of it I fancied that Nan waited. I must find her?even in the midst of physical torments and mental aberration, I could not forget my long and luckless guest. I wore myself out with mad efforts to mount the track of the sunshine and go seeking lost Nan far off through the shining window. In those terrible days, neither Dr. Steele, 6f the medical staff of the hospital, nor his nephew, Dick Vandine, a student attacned to tne same establishment, believed that I had a chance of recovery. "But these street Arabs and their kind are hard to kill," I heard the doctor say, in one of my brief moments of semi-consciousness; "the tenacity which they exhibit in holding on to their worthless lives is often wonderful." He was a hum-drum man, with a dejected air; his nephew, on the contrary, overflowed with the wildest of spirits. "Poor little beggar!" answered the latter; "I shall not soon forget the sickening sensation which I experienced as I saw the horses trampling her." "You will soon get used to all these things, lad." My feeble hands made a vague ..-.^cement along the coverlid. "Stop the carriage!" I whispered, hoarsely. "Nan is in it?my little sister Nan. I've been hunting for her these three years, and I'll die if I can't speak to her once?just once!" "That's the way she goes on, day in and day out," said Vandine. "Somehow, I'm awfully sorry for the little wretch! She cannot be more than nine or ten years old, though she looks as ancient and wizened as a mummy." "Pooh! You've no business to be sorry for anybody," answered Dr. Steele; "a physician who begins to waste sympathy on his patients is lost." Dick Vandine grinned. Being a pe culiarly light-hearted, devil-may-care fellow, he was not likely to suffer from i surplus of sympathy; but the case of the street beggar, the recipient of his charity, who had been run over? crushed?almost annihilated before his very eyes, interested him. There was also a kindly-faced nurse who came often to my bed to minister to my wants?an angel of mercy she seemed to me; and Dr. Steele and his nephew held frequent conversations regarding my condition I was delirious r ot of the time, and I talked a great deal about Nan and Harmony Alley?I was back In the attic, smarting under the blows of Granny Scrag's stick?I was fighting with Pietro on the stair?I was shivering in the rain and sleet of twilight streets. There was no chapter in my brief life which I did not live over anew in that hospital bed?which I did not rave over to my attendants. Dick Vandine and Dr. Steele, and the kindly-hearted nurse soon knew my whole story. It was a long, hard struggle?so long and so hard that a cynic might have asked why a life that was worth nothing, even to its possessor, should be so unnecessarily prolonged. I was tenacious?I clung to existence like a barnacle to a ship's keel. Despite my frightful injuries, and in defiance of all rules and precedents, I, the wretched slave of Granny Scrag, cheated death and lived. One day I opened my hollow eyes, with a conscious gaze, on the face of Vandine, who chanced to be bending over me, helping the nurse to adjust a bandage. "By Jove! she's come to herself!" cried the young fellow, joyfully. "Halloo, Polly! How do you feel, my dear?" I stared up into his plain, florid countenance with preternatural solemnity. "Where's Nan?" I answered. "Really I can't say," replied Mr. Vandine, airily; "but without doubt, she will turn up soon." "I saw her in the carriage." "Did you, though? It was a rather unlucky sight for you." Another memory forced itself upon me. "Say, where's the quarter you gave me just before I was knocked under the wheels?" He burst into a ringing laugh. "That's right, Polly!?keep a strict account of your small change. The quarter is safe. I found it clinched fou? iii vimr niiiir little fist when you arrived here at the hospital. Behold your treasure!" He thrust a hand into his pocket, brought to view the piece of money in question, and tucked it under my pillow. "Do not speak another word," he said, "but take this dose like a good girl. It's plain that you are bound to pull through, after all." I swallowed the medicine which he held to my lips, and fell into an easy slumber. That was the beginning of my convalescence. In the days that followed I saw a great deal of Dick Vandine. His interest in me did not decrease. At this time, I think, he regarded me as a unique professional study. God only knows how he obtained his exceeding < power over me. He was simply a gay, ' rollicking, devil-may-care student, not 1 particularly brilliant, and surely with I no personal beauty: nevertheless I, the ignorant, friendless street waif, looked < upon him and saw an Apollo without 1 blemish, a hero, a god. I would have 3 walked over hot plowshares at his bid- 1 ding?I would have gone through up- 1 lifted seas at his call. My adoration < for him becanre as blind, as devoted, 1 as a Parsee's for his sacred fire. I was 1 only a child, but with my first look in ? his careless eyes, I think the unfor- ? tunate passion began?the mad, hope- 1 less love, which was destined, aiasf to 1 make the anguish and despair of my 1 future. As I began to mend, he often i used to question me about myself. "Did you never know father or { mother, Polly?" he asked on one occa- r sion, and I shook my head and an- ? swered, "never!" 1 ','But what is your family name?" "I've no name but Polly, as I told you f the first time you spoke to me on the a street." "And this little lost Nan that you love so well?did she fare no better?" c "She was just Nan, as I was Polly." t "Strange! I suspect the uncon- t scionable Scrag hag never told you r anything about your parents?" e "No; oh, no." ? "And you dared not question her <3 about the matter?" t "Often I did, sir, but she always an- ( swered me with a rap of her stick." Mr. Vandine meditated. s "Then, of course, you cannot be sure c that Nan was your sister?" r My wizened face wrinkled with v doubt. H "I suppose not; but, oh, sir, she p ought to be my sister?It would seem r a dreadful thing if she wasn't, because o I love her so! Granny Scrag always t treated her better than me?she did r not beat her as much?she was kinder to her in every way?I was glad of I that. Indeed, Nan seemed made of r finer stuff than I." c He smiled whimsically. I "You brave, generous little Polly! d Wliot a tnimn vnn nrp?n Pennine ? ? -...r ? j heroine of the gutter! Now here's the ii whole matter for you in a nutshell: 8 Some one took a fancy to Nan's pretty r face?for you say she was uncommon- s ly pretty?and adopted her out of f hand, with the full consent of her le- o gal guardian, or grandmother, or r whatever the crone is?in which case, j all is lawful and above-board, and you will have to resign yourself to the inevitable?that is, let Nan go, and 8 console your noble little heart with \ thinking that her lines have fallen in a pleasant places." d "I shall find her some day," I said, 8 with determination. "She was in the p carriage, but she didn't see me; I t screamed, but she didn't hear. I shall grow up, and earn money, and go out 8 and hunt for her through the world." d He shook his head. v "Better not, Polly; she may not t thank you for your trouble; she may not care to be found by you. This is h an ungrateful world, my child. Think 8 of yourself a little. Do you suppose p Granny Scrag is fretting about you at a the present time? Does she fancy 8 you have skipped off in the wake of Nan?" b I grew pale with fright. tl "Oh, sir, she hasn't been here, I hope, e asking for me? She doesn't know h where I am?" t! "No, Polly, she has not been here, a and she probably doesn't know or care n whether you are dead or alive. By- 8 and-by you will be discharged from n the hospital. Are you going back to p Harmony Alley then?" o I gasped with terror. g "No! oh, gracious goodness, no! y Not for the world, sir! I'd drown my- d self first; I'd run under the horses' feet c again and stay there." h "Then you will never return to the j fond arms of Granny Scrag?" n "Never." r "Quite right," said Vandine, in his c careless, off-hand way. "I wouldn't, if s I were you. Something will turn up, I o dare say, before you leave this place. We'll get you admitted to an orphan \ asylum or a home for destitute chil- e dren." n I shook my head. p "I shouldn't like that, sir; I would g sooner take care of myself." v He laughed. v "You're rather small for the task, r Polly; rather deficient as regards k l.rawn and sinew, both of which are b requisite to push one's self on successfully in this greedy world." t The time for my departure from the b hospital came all too soon. The clean, \ orderly, quiet place had grown posl- b tivel.v dear to me. There, for the first ? time in my life, I had found kindness e and comfort and care. How reluctant t I felt to leave the spot where I had suffered so much! How hard it was s for me to say good-by to the sweet- p faced nurse, to Dr. Steele, to Dick h Vandine! And where was I to go? In what corner of the great city could I o find a shelter? * b "I suppose you do not know of any g right-minded person who is anxious 1 to adopt a well-grown infant, eh?" n said Dick Vandine to his uncle, at s this critical stage in my affairs. "I confess that I do not," replied the b doctor, dryly. " I "It's hard to send Polly back to the a beastlv trrandmother who has abused her so long; it's hard to turn her into v the street. Of course she will not be 8 capable of shifting for herself for a s long time to come." f "Why do you trouble yourself about f the girl?" cried Dr. Steele, impatient- s ly. "She is nothing to you. If you be- g gin your career in this way, Dick, you v will soon be up to the neck in diftkul- t ties." J, Vandine shrugged his shoulilers. a "Why cannot you make a place for c Polly in your own house, uncle?" he s said, boldly. "She might do the gen- a erally useful in the nursery, wait on a Aunt Emily and mind the baby; there's always one to mind, you know." The doctor stared at his nephew a li moment, then, as his mind ran nim- l l?ly over his domestic economy, the ji fashion of his countenance changed. I "That's a brilliant idea of yours, u Dick," he answered, dryly. "When I a have time I will think of the matter." The doctor's household was not one s in which the machinery of everyday ji life ran with even tolerable smooth- d ness. He was not a rich man, and his y wife, a confirmed nervous invalid, t loved not the onerous tasks with t which, as the mother of a riotous t brood, she was constantly overwhelm- y id. A week after the conversation betwixt uncle and nephew I left the lospital to become a member of the Steele household. To Dick Vandine fell the duty of conducting me to my new home. Dressed in some cast-off clothes of the foung Steeles, which the doctor had Drought to me, and in which my bony ittle figure had a painfully fantastic, )Ut-of-place look, I went down to the eception-room of the hospital to wait 'or Vandine. The kind nurse who had ittlred me in my second-hand finery, ind done her utmost to make me look ess grotesque and ridiculous in It, dssed me good-by, and put in my land a banknote and a pocket Testanent. "God bless you, Polly!" she said, fently; "be a good girl, and when you naster your alphabet, as you will imong the young Steeles read this ittle book for my sake," "I will, ma'am," I answered, and lung my thin arms around her neck md wept bitterly. In pranced Vandine. "Halloo!" he cried, suppressing with lifficulty a grin at the figure I cut, "is his?can this be Polly? What a guy hey've made of you, to be sure! All eady? Then here we go! Wipe your yes, my dear. You'll get on with the Steeles fast enough. There's a baker's lozen of them, and a nice, lively lot hey are! Nothing dull in that house! 7ome on!" It was late in the afternoon of a tormv flnv nnH n flrenrv hlnr nf mint ind rain hung over the alty, as I turned ny back on the hospital and set forth vith Dick Vandine to find the Steeles. rhe young fellow hailed a street car, laced me within, and took a seat by ny side. If he was ashamed of my >dd appearance he did not show it, and here was no merriment in his face iow, only grave doubt. "You're such a frail little creature, ^lly," he said, "that I feel dubious egarding your physical ability to ope with the doctor's robust brood, lowever, you're in for it now, my lear; it was the best I could do for ou. You see I've neither money nor nfluence, nor any other desirable posession. I live with my widowed nother, and pursue my studies under uch difficulties as naturally arise rdm a short purse and a multiplicity f wants. Heaven above! the Steeles nust be an improvement on Harmony illey and Granny Scrag!" "Yes, oh, yes!" said I, cheerfully. It was fairly dark when the car topped at the corner of a street, and Vandine tucked me under his arm and scended the steps of the Steele resllence. We were admitted by a sliphod, greasy maid, whom repeated mils at the bell finally summoned from he shades below. "The mistress is in the nursery," she aid to Vandine, and plunged again lown the kitchen stair, up which was rafted the odor of a dinner, burning o a crisp. ^Pome on, Polly," said-Vandine, and ie boldly led the way up a staircase trewn with dolls and broken toys and ileces of rejected bread and butter, nd opened the door of the Steele nurery. The room was comfortable enough, ut its general confusion was somehing appalling. The chairs were evrywhere but on their legs; the cover ad been dragged from the table, and hat article of furniture appropriated s a seat of observation for part of the olsy crowd. Books, toys, discarded hoes and pinafores, and two or three lischievous puppies who were ehewng up the rugs, made disorder from ne end of the place to the other, lome half-dozen boys and girls, all ounger than myself, romped up and own the room like juvenile Comanhes, bellowing at the top of their ealthy lungs, to the distraction of the octor's wife?a faded, irritable wonan, who sat in the midst of the acket, holding a baby still in long lothes?a crowing, kicking baby, who eemed mightily amused at the antics f his elders. "Good-evening, bedlamites!" cried rcndine, from the doorway. "Goodvenlng, Aunt Emily? How do you nanage to keep your head in this ande.-nonium? I've brought this little irl from the hospital?your new serant, you know. But, 'pon my soul!" rith a significant glance around the oom, "I suspect it would have been inder In me to have taken her straight ack to Harmony Alley." The little Steeles, diverted from heir frolic, charged upon Dick in a ody, and the puppies followed after. Vhile he was defending himself from ioth children and quarhupeds, Mrs. iteele turned and looked at me. Her yes were faded and hard; critical, oo, and disapproving. "Of what was the doctor thinking." he cried, sharply, "when he sent this igmy here? Why, she is too small by alf, Dick, to be of any service to me." "Lord love you, aunt," roared Dick, ver the noise of the children and the arklng of the dogs, "the choicest oods are done up in small parcels, 'ry her?she's a treasure, and we may aturally hope that she'll be larger and tronger by-and-by." Mrs. Steele dropped the crowing aby into my arms so suddenly that staggered and nearly lost my balnce. "Take him," she said, "and let us see that you can do with him. Generally peaking, he dislikes strangers." By ome happy chance the rosy little ellow looked in my poor, pinched ace, and, as. if reassured by what he ?... hi? flnvvnv cheek .gainst my neck and cooed like a rood-pigeon. The hard eyes of the ired mother softened. The children aughed, and left Vandine to crowd nd cling around me. I strained the hild to my shoulder with all my trength, which, alas! was not much, nd he hugged me with two chubby rms and crowed joyfully. "That is odd," said Mrs. Steele. You can stay, Polly. It is plain that ic will be good with you, and by-and y, I dare say, I can make you useful n various ways about the house. )lck, you must remain and dine with is?the children have not seen you for . long time." "Good heaven! not if I know myelf!" cried Vandine. "That is?beg iardon?I've another engagement. My lear aunt, I stand in deadly terror of our nursery. How thoughtful of you o provide these youngsters with inchhick boots?how good for the shins of heir friends and relatives! I entreat ou all to be as easy with poor Polly as possible. She is miserably weak as yet?hasn't had time to get her strength up, you know." As he beat a masterly retreat toward the door I, staggering under the weight of the baby, followed him, with unspeakable yearning in my wasted, dark face. "From Scylla to Charybdis," muttered Vandine! "from the frying-pan irto the fire! I'm afraid this is what our new move amounts to, Polly. But, brace up! I'll drop in often to see hnvu vrm cpt nn with thp Infant " "Oh, will you?" I cried, joyfully,I with the tears in my hollow eyes. "Of course. I am the nephew of the house, you know. Don't cry, dear. Why, bless me, are you so sorry to , part, Polly?" as two great drops roll- i ed down my cheeks. "This will never do. Keep up your spirits, and mind you don't drop the kid?he's too heavy for you, by half. And now, au revolr, as the French say." I was so forlorn and friendless, and, I dare say, so sad and pitiful to look at, as I stood there with the child In my arms, that, moved by some compassionate impulse, Dick Vandine bent suddenly and kissed me. That caress marked an epoch in my life. His careless, good-natured face lighted the nursery door for an instant; the children ran after him. screaming protests against his departure. I heard his gay laugh as he eluded their clutching hands, then he was gone, and all the light of the day with him. I (To Be Continued.) I 1 ITAI \f A M n TIIDL/CV linn nnw wniAi. i Comparative Strength of the Two Nations Now at War. The trouble between Turkey and Italy which culminated last Friday afternoon in a declaration of war at Rome, dates back to 1878, when with the making of the treaty concluding the Russo-Turko war, the powers are understood to have agreed to permit Italy a "pacific penetration of Tripoli." Turkey claims that this right has been respected ever since. Italy has colonized Tripoli until her interests in that African province are very great. She has asserted, however, that her subjects have been mistreated by the Ottoman authority and constantly discriminated against. Frequent disputes have arisen but the prolonged negotiations have never resulted satisfactorily to Itly. At the time that the Franco-German differences regarding Morocco were acute, Italy turned her attention again to Tripoli and in subsequent negotiations with Constantinople set forth that many outrages against her subjects had been perpetrated and for which no redress has been made. She assumed a decisive attitude and presently began the mobilization of her army and navy. Italy's standing army in 1910-11 < numbered approximately 225,000 men and 14,000 officers, but a far greater number could be put in the field In case of necessity. The Italian navy consists in vessels commissioned, built or building, fifteen battleships, nine armored cruisers, seventeen unarmored cruisers and gun vessels, thirty-six destroyers, an equal number of firstclass torpedo boats and twenty-two submarines. In the naval force there are approximately 31,000 men. As a whole the Italian navy is generally ranked fifth among nations. As seamen the Italians are skilled and ingenuous. They have constructed some remarkable war vessels. Naval lists show that Turkey has a fighting strength of nine coast defense ironclads, five protected cruisers, six torpedo vessels, one gunboat, twentyone torpedoboat destroyers, twentyseven torpedoboats and two submarines. As compared with the greater nations this array is a negligible quantity. The nominal strength of the Turkish navy Is 929 officers, 30,000 sailors, besides about 9,000 marines. The empire is divided into seven army corps districts and there are two independent divisions at Medina and Tripoli respectively. The total fighting strength is close to a million men and by the existing recruiting laws all Musselmans are liable to military service. Ploughman Frost. It is a well known fact that water in the act of freezing expands considerably and with a force that is irresistible. It is the freezing of water in their crevices and pores that causes the rocks to be gradually worn down and "weathered," as it is called, Into soil. It is this also which is continually reducing the soil to finer fragments, breaks up hard clogs and mellows the ground. Fall ploughing or spading assists this effect by breaking up the compact soil into lumps, which are further broken into small particles. As water and air can act only upon the surface of these particles, it is clear that the smaller they are, the more surface is exposed to the weather and the soil is made soluble. If a block of hard soil of 12 cubic inches is exposed to the weather 834 square inches only are affected; if it is broken up into cubes of 1 Inch 10,368 square inches are exposed to these beneficial influences, and the amount affected increases as the soil is further broken up. This fact shows how greatly the effect of frost benefits the soil, and therefore how necessary it is that the land should be fall ploughed and opportunity given for this beneficial action of the weather.?Harper's Weekly. Honesty Extraordinary.?A traveler { writing in an Italian magazine says j that the Swiss canton of Tlclno Is Inhabited by the most honest folk it is * possible to imagine. In most of the ^ Ticinese villages, the writer says, the c oldest inhabitants do not remember t any case of thieving, however petty, J within a lifetime. Lost objects when found must never be taken away; they \ must be left where they were dropped 1 or placed in a conspicuous position so t that the rightful owner can find his s property more easily. The case is i cited of an American woman tourist ^ who lost her purse on an excursion in t the Val Capriasca. The purse con- a tained gold coin and a jeweled watch. s Upon returning from her trip she j found the purse with its contents in- i tact on a little heap of leaves, so f placed that it could not fail to attract . her attention.?New York Sun. MUCHRAKERS AND HISTORY, ! ] Reputation of National Figures Dwin-1 die Before Facts. ( BIG MEN WHO WERE NOT SQUARE. , One Reason Why the Old Timers Ap- J peared to Be So Much Better Than j Men of the Present Generation, It ? That History Has Sought to Forget a What Was Bad and Remembered r Only That Which Was Good. r The ancients made gods of their geniuses; today we venerate them. a The mere fact of being called a great 8 man confers necessarily all qualities ? and all virtues. We have a natural n tendency to consider our neighbor a bigger fool than ourselves, but when p public opinion has marked a man d genius we simply stand back and re- f gard him with awe. No matter what ? may be said to the contrary, and no 0 matter how little we like it, Americans p are at heart hero worshippers of the c most rabid type. The gullibility with n which we accept the George Washing- |] ton cherry tree story is sufficient proof h }f the fact. ? In recent years we have taken su- c preme pleasure In muckraking the ca- F reers of our contemporaries. Lurid a , 41. 14 fi IIICI Utruilt' wnino ua> c ouunu uo ((Wf ?ome of our favorites have stolen cart d loads of money and caused buckets of n blood to be shed, in the operation. It e has pleased us mightily to see these ^ pietty heroes and demigods fall before h the onslaught of the space writers. * The chance to chuck our would-be J ifreat men In the ribs tickled us half v to death. But the few brave men who b lave tried to show us the weaknesses d >f our national heroes have been ^ treated as men and fools. h In reality, however, human nature v s much the same whether disguised as t' i ditch digger or a statesman. There j 8 an old French -proverb which says F :hat "No man is a hero to his valet," Jj ind the biographies of great men of v ill times and countries have borne out :he truth of the assertion. Carlyle s tortured his wife and Donizetti acted g the brute to his family, while Rous- b leau abandoned his; Bacon trafficked tl with justice; Villon becamf a thief, jj ind Casanova was accused of swind- j ing. Most foreign celeorites have w ben made to totter on their pedestals, ? sut we hold up a warning hand to all [j who attempt to touch our own. v, It Is not merely because we hold a >ur famous men sacred that we object jj to historical muckraking; It is largely jecause such research wounds our 'amily pride. The genealogical socie- 0 ties cannot bring themselves to take a c philosophical view of disparaging an- n enni-prnlne their ancestors, a Staid New England matrons And it tl perfectly disgusting to be told that n :he only ancestor on whom their only h .iaims to aristocracy rest was a sheep p itealer. Of course they ought to be tl proud of the fact that he had sense h mough to steal sheep, but they can- i tot seem to see it that way. s< Hence they try to suppress the j facts. It is bad enough to be obliged :o change dates and shift birthplaces tl 'or the purpose of making some de- jj nirable celebrity sprout on one's fam- ri iy tree without standing calmly by a .vhile the cherished fruit rots on the w incestral branch. Instead these as- b iociations for the manufacture of fl mpeccabie family trees perpetuate h ill the complimentary legends they c< 'an find and try to bury in oblivion t< til the disparaging facts that others p nay present to them. si The historians, too. are largely re- o; sponsible for the distortion of the a ruth. They are altogether too pa- t< :riotic to allow swindlers and bank n obbers to creep into our national nr ilstory. They are afraid the other tations might snicker behind our jacks if they found it out. They lung to the story of George Washngton's hatchet with bulldog telacity until England proved to them f< onclusively that it was a myth. Then p hey had to fall back on the statenent, and blandly thought that they * lad thereby saved their country's si lonor. _ si There was one historian, though, t| vho a while ago mustered up his ourage and told a few facts about b he patriots of '76. But he, poor Ji nan. nearly had his hair pulled out u >y the roots for his pains. He had rodden on the tender feet of some if the finest families. And his fel- tl ow historians held up their hands in horror at the thought that there n ;ould be a man so lacking In the true American spirit and sense of Justice, w is they called it, that he would make tl public such heinous truths. It was inly by rare good fortune that he ?scaped having a commission appointed to iook into his sanity, and " t Is certain that if such a commission T Pad started operations on him he ^ vould have been declared as crazy as x loon. No one who destroys a famly legend or wounds a nation's pride o 'an escape the wrath of his outraged 3 ,'ictlms If they once get him in their lands. This ruthless destroyer of respec- c able ancestors was John H. Stark, 1( he Boston historian. He was really tl lot so insane as people hoped he t| ,vas. All the aceervations which he nade were found on investigation 0 o be correct. Everything was done p hen to hush the matter up, but a hose whose forefathers had not been mpeached took intense pleasure in p ecalling it. Mr. Stark's researches ei vere by no means exhaustive. Other shady heroes have been discovered ^ since. It was only the other day hat it became generally known that d ienry Clay and Daniel Webster had s( >unked a bank. Those who have tl iot uprooted the men from their lative soils and tried to graft them >n their own geneological shrubbery sill appreciate the open-handed and It leat way in which the trick was p, urned. It seems that the salary which 81 Jenry Clay received while in the emiloy of the government was not suf* * " - TUU onnma lcieru ror ni? neeua. mis lomewhat peculiar, as he was always veil paid, and life in Washington in 11 hose days was not so costly as it tr s today by far. If the facts could >e found some interesting material night be dug up on the subject of tow he spent his money. But per- 01 taps it would be well to wait un'il j,, lis outraged descendants have recov red from the shock caused by the ?' iresent discovery. Pi The famous statesman tried in tc very possible way to get enough noney into his possession to ma;?e loth ends meet, but he found it a ai lifflcult proposition. One day he V bund himself completely "broke," and tr vith a pressing need for $250. He learched his brains for some way in vhlch he could obtain the money el vithout borrowing it. He seemed to a lislike to pay any money back after he of nice got it into his possession, and, infortunately, most of his friends c< leemed to know it. At last a clever it dea came to him. T He went to the Riggs Bank in .. Washington and marched boldly up to he cashier. He held his head proudly h md looked the frightened banker d itraight in the eye. bi "I want to negotiate a loan of 5250," f le said in his deep, gruff voice, that ( lad always been so effective on the P loor of the senate. q "Certainly," returned the cashier. jr 'please be seated." "You can let me have it on my per- " lonal note, I suppose?" said Clay, as hough there could be no doubt of it. 'Well," answered the other suavey, "It is the Invariable rule of the bank o require that a note be Indorsed." "Who can I get to do that?" asked ?lay. "Any one who Is known here." "Will Dan'l Webster do?" "Oh, yes," replied the cashier; "Mr, Webster will do very well." Thereupon the impoverished statesnan set out In search of his co-orator. 4e found him at home in rather a deeded state of mind, but Clay was too tnxlous to get his $250 to be perturbed >y the other's feelings, so he went itralght to the root of the matter. "Dan'l," he said, "I'm trying to borow $250 and they tell me at the bank hat they will give It to me on my ?ersonal note If you will Indorse it." Wuhalor hrlffhtonoi) un Immprilnfplv ,nd interrupted him before he could ay another word. "That's Just the thing1!" he cried. I've got to have $250 myself. If you'll nake it $500 I'll sign it." This Clay was perfectly willing to lo. As soon as Clay had indorsed the aper he returned to the bank and rew $500, which he divided with his riend. That note has never been paid, nd is still preserved at the Rlsrgs Nplonal Bank as an example of the folly f trusting human beings, and as a roof of the cleverness with which ertaln heroes can imDOse on a bank. As a purloiner of other people's loney. Benjamin Franklin was as well itentioned as Clay and "Webster, but e was not nearly so shrewd. He was little too fat and puffy to enable him [> make his getaway. The government aught him at it and fired him. Yanklln was 67 years old at the time, nd that may in some measure account or his lack of skill. The facts of the grand old man's ellnquency are very scanty, which is lost unfortunate. It would be intersting to see the methods he employed nd find out, if possible, at what point e made his mistake. All we know 9 that while he was postmgster at toston he got all his pin money by obbing the . mails, when the head of he department found it out Franklin k'as promptly turned out. He escaped 0 Philadelphia and nothing more was one about the affair. His descendnts were shocked when It became nown. They had been so proud of aving as an ancestor the only man 'ho had signed all four of the most uportant documents In the history of 1 TT.U.J >k. runloratlnn n# IIC UlillCU Oiaico me Lreviaiauvu v* ndepenJence, the treaty alliance with ^ance, the peace pact with Great tritaln and the constitution?and who ad also tamed the lightning and inented the Franklin stove. Samuel Adams had much the same cheme as the one which Franklin ungled so woefully. But he was more uccessful in a way. He was caught, to e sure, but he didn't have to return lie money. At one time he had a job a? ix collector for Boston. During his enure of office he salted down a cool 5,000 for use in the future when the rolf might come around howling. The nly inartistic bit of work he did was 3 leave a letter lying around which . icriminated him. (This letter, by the ray, is still in existence.) When the uthoritles found that Samuel Adams )st his position, he refused to give up is money, and his sureties had to pay : for him. John Hancock was the best brigand f all the patriots. As a defaulter he ould have given pointers to many a lodern bank clerk who thought hlmelf clever. He was a real knight of lie jimmy and the dark lantern. He ever did anything by halves. When e signed the Declaration of Indeendence he wrote his name so large hat, as he said, King George didn't ave to put his glasses on to read it. 'he same thoroughness is to be oberved in the way in which he looted iarvard college. In 1774 the trustees of that instltulon elected him treasurer. In so doig they considered their patriotism ither more than their prudence. The mount of money paid over to him ras upward of $77,000. A considerale portion of this clung to Hancock's ngers and finally found its way into is pockets. For twenty years the orporation begged and entreated him > give It back. They threatened to rosecute him; they put his bond in ult just as Adams's was, but it was f no avail. He turned a deaf ear to II thalr anfrantlas and it wan onlv af ?r his death in 1793 that his heirs lade restitution. The settlement was lade in 1795, but the college had lost 526 Interest.?Pittsburg Leader. 8accharin. Saccharin, which was discovered a jw years ago by Dr. Ira Remsen, now resident of Johns' Hopkins universif, assisted by others, is in its pure tate Ave hundred times as sweet as ugar. In its commercial form it is hree hundred times as sweet. It has een used extensively in sweetening ims, cakes, pies and soda-water sirps. Tet it is not a sugar, and it is sserted that it is not assimilated by he stomach. Four years ago a government comlission, headed by President Remsen, ras asked to look Into the propriety of he use of saccharin in food. It has itely reported that saccharin is one f those substances the use of which i forbidden by the pure-food law. 'he government has consequently orered that after July 1st no food weetened with it may be sold In any f the territories, or shipped from one tate to another. Similar action was taken by practially all the governments of Europe a >ng time ago. Last year an internalonal conference was held in Paris for he purpose of making plans to stamp ut the trade In saccharin. The imortation of It into Italy Is forbidden, nd Its manufacture for medicinal urposes is In the hands of the govrnment. Even its medicinal value is disputed, ike aniline dyes, It is a coal-tar prouct. In excess it causes nausea and imetimes death. It is charged that le laws against it in Europe were assed at the demand of the manufacirers of cane or beet sugar, but when s inventor in America Joins in a reort condemning its use in place of jgar, such charges may be disrearded. Ancient Rome's Libraries.?The braries of ancient Rome were imlense and splendid. Lucullus, hose name is associated with table ixuries, expended much of his wealth n books. His library, says Plutarch, nd "walks callerlfs and cabinets pen to all visitors." Julius Caesar roposed to open this library definitely > the public. How were these vast libraries, in Edition to the book shops, filled? fith his trained staff of readers and anscribers, a publisher could turn ut an edition of any work at very Heap rates, and almost at a moment's otice. There was no initial expense f typesetting before a single copy )uld be produced, no ruinous extras \ the shape of printers' corrections, he manuscript came from the auior; the publisher handed it over to Is slave, and if a book of modest Imensions, the complete edition could e ready, if necessary, within twenty>ur hours. Actually, then, books were roduced and sold more easily and uickly in ancient Rome than they are i modern London.?T. P.'s London feekly. i