Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, March 16, 1909, Image 1
Y0RKVILLE, ENQUIRER.
X89UED SEHI-WEEKLt.
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Established 185S. == YORKVILLE, 8. C., TUESDAY, MARCH 16, 1909. ISTO. 22.
HAH AHA HAH AHA HAH AHA HAH
1 Heron'
I ?
3 By ETTA A
i m
IAH AHA HAH AHA HAH AHA HAH
CHAPTER I.
Hazel Speak*.
It was an iron gate, set in a boundary-wall
of faded brick and crumbling
mortar?an ugly, rusty gate, as tall as
a man's head, and securely locked.
The passer-by could see little of the
domain which lay beyond it, for a
screen of unpruned trees, tawny now
with Autumn tints, bristled the entire
length of the wall, and Intercepted the
view from the street.
The place lay on the outskirts of a
small New England town, not many
miles inland.
The time was 9 o'clock of a raw October
morning. Rain had fallen the
previous night, and a heavy mist still
curled and clung in the yellow treetops.
Some English sparrows were
drinking from the pools about the Iron
gate; their saucy chirping, and the
moisture dripping monotonously upon
the bricks, alone broke the silence.
a wnm?n RnDeared in the
OUUUCllij a " w
wet road, gliding into view along the
line of the wall, like a creature of the
fog?chilly, noiseless. She was of
medium height and slender build. She
wore a gray straw bonnet, a waterPro?i?BBnent
of tlje same color, and
* a Her hands, small and
lad^Bk^^re incased in gray gloves.
She j$?ei^r*iear to the gate, scattering
the ?arrows in a whirring panic of
neutral ftnted wings. Cautiously she
lifted a corner of her veil, and looked
around. "*N"This
is the place," the strange woman
muttered; "surely this is the
place!"
to ?hiia revealed, had the
nvt 4MW, ?
stamp of thirty years upon It. It was
of a long:, oval form and a dull opaque
whiteness. The yellowish eyes were
set too close to th^fbse for beauty:
the nose itself was thin and long, the
chin slightly prominent. She took firm
hold of the gate, and tried to push it
back.
"Locked!" she said, then flattened her
long, pale face against the iron bars,
and looked through Into the Inclosed
space beyond. What did she see?
A weed-grown walk, stretching under
neglected trees, some badly kept
grass plots, a sheet of stagnant, willowbordered
water, on the surface of which
a flotilla of dead, drowned leaves rotted,
and a small, melancholy house,
sta..Jing on the brink of that same water,
with dormer-windows in Its root
and a porch above the door. A dreary
little hermitage. Even through. the
mist the woman could see that It was
old and dilapidated, and that It had the
appearance of slinking out of sight,
like a frightened thing, behind the row
of willows. Her yellow eyes roved
greedily over the small house and its
surroundings. * She shook the gate
with noiseless vehemence.
"You. In there," she muttered, "you
who live behind bolts and bars, here's
a message for you?come and pick it
up! Come quickly, for God knows
you have no time to lose!"
She drew a slip of paper from her
pocket, and pushing her arm through
'* Anno, it qa far as she
me rusij eaic, uu?e .? ? ? ?
could Into the weed-grown walk of the
garden. Like a bird of omen It fluttered
for an instant in air, and alighted
a yard or two away in a drift of
frost-bitten leaves.
Then the woman turned to go. But
a feverish curiosity was upon her.
Who would come to pick the paper up?
She went off a few steps, but wheeled
quickly and returned to her post, peering
in again at the neglected garden?
at the ^i,low"'r'n8e<* water?at the
lonely cottage with the dormer-windows,
all dim and dubious in the fog.
Nobody stirring there yet? Yes. A
door opened, and a figure came out of
the small house?a female, in the garb
of a servant, with a basket on her arm.
She shuffled down the sodden path toward
the gate, and the woman in gray
stood motionless, almost breathless,
watching her approach.
Patty Swan, the servant, drew near
to the paper, 'touched it with her
coarsely shod foot, then stooped and
pldked it up. The next Instant her
keen, suspicious gaze alighted on the
stranger who was staring in upon her
from the street.
Patty bristled like an angry* hen.
"Who are you, and what do you want
here?" she demanded.
Without a word the gray woman
stepped back from the gate, dropped
- * J
ner veil, ana vamsnea stuuuu mc
ner of the brick wall.
In a flutter of excitement Patty
Swan turned about, and retraced her
steps up the walk, to the melancholy
little cottage, where I, Hazel Ferrers,
the heroine of this history, sat in a
room opening on the porch, reciting my
morning lessons to the only teacher I
had ever known?my beautiful young
mother.
I see It all again, as I write?the low
walls, the shabby furniture, the meagre
fire in the grate, the round table strewn
with books, and above all, my mother,
as she sat by my side in that little
room, helping me with a tiresome
French exercise.
She wore a black gown of inexpensive
material?she always wore black,
which served to accentuate the marble
whiteness of her skin. On this side of
heaven I shall never see a lovelier
face. The features were cut like an
old cameo. Rich masses of red-gold
hair crowned the deer-like head. She
had the look and bearing c* t princess,
but in her brown eyes lurked the
mournful, far-off look which is said to
forebode an early death. The shadow
nt cMmA crAflt trouble hune UDon her.
Young as I was, I had long felt that
we were living under a cloud at Lake
Cottage. Patty Swan sometimes hinted
as much to me.
"A11SS 1-iazei, you are HOI line Uinri
children," she would say, "and your
mamma is not like other mammas.
Lord help you both!"
This Invocation puzzled and annoyed
me by its frequency. "Wouldn't you
like to have the Lord help you. too,
Patty?" I demanded with some asperity.
"Yes," she answered, "seeing as
AXA * * AKA HAH AaU KA* AKA
SWIFE. !
_ I
V. PIERCE. 5
5
AXA *A* AKA AtAX AKA atAat AatA
I
II am set to watch over you and your
mamma, I'll own that I've great need
of Him."
As my mother and I sat struggling
with a French verb, we heard that
good creature's step In the porch; and
instantly she was at the door, her face
full of vague alarm.
"Such a queer thin? has happened,
ma'am," she said to my mother.
"When I got to the gate Just now,
there was this bit of paper in the
walk, and there was a strange woman,
too, standing and staring In at
me, like a born nat'ral. I asked what
she wanted, and she never answered a
word, but turned and went off like a
shot."
With a surprised air, my mother put
down my French grammar and took
the paper which Patty held out. I hurried
to her side, and we both saw that
the sheet contained one word?only
one?written In a female hand:
"Released!"
So far as I could comprehend, there
was nothing alarming In the dissyllable;
but my mother stared blankly for
a moment, and then fell back in her
chair, with the pallor of a deadly fear
on her face,
"Patty," she gasped, "what was the
woman like?"
"She was dressed all in gray, ma'am,
and wore her veil down?an ordinarylooking
party. I never set eyes on her
before."
"Patty!"'?my mother's voice was
8harp with terror?"our day of safety
in this place is over. We must leave
at once; we must seek another shelter."
As I leaned against her side, 1 could
hear her poor heart thumping like a
triphammer. Patty, to my surprise?
for she was not an emotional creature
?burst into tears. "Oh, my dear, dear
mistress," she cried, "where will we
go?"?where can we hide? I know
what you mean. The Beast is out of
his cage!"
My mother sat staring blankly, and
answered not a word.
"And being out," continued Patty,
"he is free to track us to this place,
ma'am, and devour us all. I haven't
forgot his old threats; no more have
you."
By a great effort, my mother regained
her self-control.
"Hush, Patty; you frighten Hazel!"
she" said, with dignity. "We cannot
talk of this matter now. Stop crying
and go about your errands. Tou have
trades people to see in the town?
purchases to make."
' "How can I leave you alone, ma'am?"
?Vk-J "How m n I know that
SOUUCU X QHJ . ...?
you will be safe while I am gone? Let
me send this very minute for the police."
My mother took her servant by the
hand and led her out of the door. I
heard a murmur of voices; then I saw
Patty go off down the walk, with her
basket In hand. My mother returned
to her place at the table, and picked
up my French grammar as though
nothing had occurred.
The incident had put me out not a
little. I was both terrified and curious.
"Mamma," I stammered, "Is it true
that there is a Beast out of a cage
coming to devour us?"
She hesitated a moment, then drop
ped her book, and turning1, tnrew neri
white arms passionately around me. I
"That was one of Patty's foolish figures
of speech, darling. Do not think
of it again."
"But what does 'Released' mean
mamma?" I persisted. "And why must
we go away from Lake Cottage, where
we have always lived ?"
She shuddered, and clasped me closjer.
"I have an enemy, Hazel, who has
sworn to do me great evil. To him I
already owe unspeakable things; but
for him you and I would not today be
alone and unprotected in the world.
For ten years I have lived at peace
here in Lake Cottage, knowing that
my foe was behind strong walls, powoxtoaa
tn u.-r>rU mft further harm. But
that word 'Released* was written to
warn me that he Is'again at large;
that my day of security Is over?my
hiding-place known; that It Is necessary
for me to be on my guard. Oh,
my darling, we must now leave Lake
Cottage, because it is no longer safe
for us to remain here."
My fair young mother had always
seemed to me the most angelic?the
most adorable of beings. Dropping
my face on her soft, white neck, I could
only cry out in dismay: "Who can be
your enemy, mamma? Who would do
you harm?"
Her eyes darkened, like a lake overshadowed
by tempest. Some vision of
dread had suddenly arisen before her.
"It is a long story," she shuddered,
"and too terrible for a child like you to
hear. In the years to oome you will
know all, Hazel. Meanwhile, you understand,
do you not, that danger
threatens us, and that we, like all
weak, defenseless creatures, must arise
and fly before it?"
"Yes, mamma," I answered, with a
creeping chill?a sudden sinking of
heart?"I understand."
CHAPTER II.
Hazel Speaks.
All interest In my lesson was over
for that day.
By the time I was released from studv.
Pattv returned from the town. She
looked flushed and disordered, as
though she had lost no time on the
road.
"Goodness knows I haven't stopped
to draw a full breath, through fear of
what might happen In my absence,
ma'am." I heard her say to my mother.
"You have seen nothing to alarm you
on the way, Patty?" my mother quer
led, with a slight tremor in her voice.
"No, thank the Lord!" replied Patty.
We dined early. After the meal I
was allowed to go out for my daily
airing in the garden. The mists had
vanished, the sunshine glistened on the
yellow leaves and the stagnant water
bordered with willows. I sat down on
a rickety bench among the dilapidated
beds of our ill-kept garden, and looked
at the cottage.
It was a small, stuffy affair, with
chimneys that smoked, and walls that
reeked with dampness. I was eleven
years old, but I had never known any
other home. I could count on my fingers
the times that I had been permitted
to go outside the Iron entrancegate.
Patty purchased all the necessities
of the household. My mother
and I made no visits, received no visitors.
Hermits In a cell never lived
more isolated. Now, for the first time,
I comprehended the secret of this seclusion,
and why I had no playmates,
no pastimes?why my mother, In spite
of her beauty and youth, was always
sad. Plainly the Beast of Patty's figurative
speech?that mysterious foe,
whose existence I have never suspected
till today?was the cause of It all.
I sat digging my toes into the wet
earth and meditating'. I had read 01
fathers In books. Where was mine?
I had not the slightest memory of htm,
nor could I recollect that anybody had
ever mentioned his name in my presence.
Was he living or dead? Dead,
of course, and to his non-existence my
mother and I owe our present defenseless
state.
"I must ask mamma to tell me about
my ffcther," I thought; then I heard
the voice of Patty, shouting:
"Miss Hazel! Miss Hazel!"
She came flying through the withered
flower-stalks, her skirts pinned up
about her stout person, a feather duster
In her hand, with which she beckoned
me from afar.
"Hurry, miss!" she cried. "There's
a visitor In the parlor. Your Aunt
Ferrers has come!"
Aunt Ferrers! Who was she? I had
never heard of such a person.
"I have no aunt," I answered. "Patty,
what can you be thinking about?"
The faithful creature looked all awry
and full of excitement She grasped
and dragged me off the bench.
"Gracious me! miss, here are three
of us at Lake Cottage?how do you
suppose we live? On air? Money must
come from some quarter?your Aunt
Ferrers provides It. Often you have
seen me bring letters to your mamma;
well, your Aunt Ferrers wrote 'em.
For years and years she has supported
us all from her own allowance. Your
poor mamma was educated for the
life of a lady. She can no more earn
her own living than a babe In arms.
The food we eat, the clothes we wear,
the rent of Lake Cottage, all come from
your Aunt Ferrers. She's the one only
friend that has stood by your mamma
through good report and evil."
All this, while she dragged me forward
with one hand, and brandished
that duster with the other.
"Patty," I asked, "when did my father
die?" and was he very, very poor,
that he had to leave mamma and me
to Aunt Ferrers's charity?"
Patty stopped and stared, as though
her breath had been suddenly knocked
out of her.
"Heaven- above!" she gasped. "You
dreadful child, who told you that you
ever had a father? Don't go to mention
him in your mamma's hearing, or
* J II
you'll see her drop aeaa as a uuur-imu.
Mind, now! You may talk of anything
on the earth, or under the earth, miss,
but never?never of your father! There,
come along. I always did believe in
special providences. The Lord himself
must have sent Miss Ferrers to
us this day."
I suffered Patty to lead me into the
house. On a sofa, in our shabby parlor,
I found a visitor?the first that I
had ever seen at Lake Cottage. She
was a small, wrinkled, white-haired
lady, plainly dressed, but with an unmistakable
air of birth and breeding.
My mother sat beside her, holding her
hand. Both had been crying bitterly
Patty drew me forward to the sofa.
"This is the child, ma'am," she said;
"her mother's image, as you can see.'
Then Patty went out, closing the
door softly after her, and Aunt Ferrers
snatched me to her heart and covered
me with kisses. |
"Oh, Constance,' sne sum iu III J |
mother, "she is lovely?lovely! And
to think that your father has never
yet seen her! It is too cruel! You
asked just now how I dared brave his
displeasure by coming here today. The
need was too urgent for me to think
of consequences. A crisis is approaching.
Something must be done, and
immediately, to bring this child and her
grandfather, together."
The tears stood in my mother's
beautiful eyes.
"How can that be?" she answered,
breathlessly. "He has disowned me?
cast me off; forbidden me ever to see
him more. He would not receive my
child.
"But he must! he must!" cried our
visitor. "It is your only hope, Con
stance. Your daughter is his heiress.
Shall we let her rights slip from her,
and make no effort to save them? Hl?
will is written; he has given everything
to that young Francis Heron. We
have no time to spare. We must act
promptly or all is lost, and forever."
My mother grew deadly pale.
"I care little for his wealth, Aunt
Helena; it is my old place in his heart
that I regret. Sometimes my punishment
seems greater than I can bear.
You alone have made it possible for
me to live. But for you, I must have
perished long ago, and my child with
me. What would you have me do?
What can I do? My father has become
as Hint to me. He vows never to see
my face more. He sends me back my
letters unopened. He forbids me ever
again to call him father."
"Yes, yes," sighed Aunt Helena, "I
know he is very bitter against you,
Constance. It is your child?your
child, on whom my hopes rest. She
cannot be held responsible for the past
disobedience of her mother, and could
he once look upon her, he would no
11 fo T f io not in
IU11&C1 l CIMUIII uuuuiuvv. ?v ? ...
human nature to withstand such a
face. She will surely soften his hard
heart. After all, he is not stone,
but flesh and blood, like ourselves."
My mother sprang up from the sofa,
and began to pace the floor in great
agitation, her black dress trailing behind
her over the well-worn carpet, a
scarlet fever-spot burning in the soft
oval of her cheek.
"Do you think it possible," she said,
"that my father would consent to see
Hazel?"
"Consent? Never!" answered our
visitor. "She must be presented to
him without that preliminary."
"Oh!"
"Don't hesitate, Constance! Tour
child's Interests must be our first
thought. Will you see the Ferrers fortune
pass from the rightful heiress to
an alien, like Heron, without protest?
Dangers are closing about you on all
sides."
"True," murmured my mother. She
sat down again with an air of resignation.
"I will do anything that you
may think good," she said.
"Then tomorrow," replied Aunt
Ferrers, "I will come for Hazel?I will
carry her to town, and present her to
her grandfather. Doubtless he will be
very angry with me, but that does not
signify. The will In Francis Heron's
favor must be changed. Think or it:?
should Judge Ferrers die suddenly,
that boy would Inherit everything;
should I die suddenly, you would be
thrown friendless, penniless upon the
world, Constance, for, as you know, I
have nothing beyond the allowance
which your father is pleased to give
me."
"And which you have, for the past
ten years, divided with me," said my
mother.
The tears stood In Aunt Ferrers's
gentle eyes.
"Is not the situation very grave?"
she asked.
"Yes, yes. Do as you will, Aunt
Helena?only promise to bring Hazel
safely back to me."
Aunt Ferrers smiled sadly.
"Have no fear. However hard of
heart your father may be, he will do
the child no harm. She has wonder- :
fulIv era vp wise eves. Can vou make
* ? -? -
her comprehend the Importance of the
part she Is to play, as mediator betwixt
you and the grandfather she has never
seen ?"
"She will comprehend It," sighed my ,
mother. "She Is very bright and
quick."
"And now," said Aunt Ferrers, with
a sudden change of voice, "let us talk
of your personal safety, Constance.
Oh, my poor girl, Patty- tells me that
you received a fright thls/>hiorning.
and?a warning!"
"Yes," assented my mother. Then
she looked at me, and put her finger
on her Hp. A few moments later Patty
was called to take me away, and I
heard no more of the conversation.
At the end of an hour, Aunt Ferrers
departed. Patty, key In hand, escorted
her to the gate. As I stood at a
window, watching the two vanish beyond
the willows, my dear mother came
softly to my side, and put her arms '
around me.
"There are some things that I must
explain to you, Hazel," she said. "Not
very far away I have a father living,
whom I love with my whole heart. But
long ago?before you were born, dear
?I disobeyed him, and he has never
forgiven me. He Is a stern man, and |
I grieved and angered him greatly." !
She shuddered. "He has never seen
me since the day I left his house?he
has never seen you." She bent low,
stifling a sob in my thick curls.
"Tell me more, mamma," I entreated,
my heart burning within me.
"Tomorrowr" Atmt Ferrers will take
you to your grandfather's house. You
must try to soften his heart toward (
me, your unhappy mother. You are
my ambassador, Hazel. Everything
aepenas upon you now. un, my mining,
can I trust you?"
"Yes," I answered, stoutly: "I will
do the best I can. What is my grandfather
like? Where does he live?"
"You will know all that tomorrow."
"Are you afraid of him, mamma?
Is he the Beast who wants to devour
us? Did he send the gray woman to
throw that paper into our garden?"
"Oh, no!" gasped my mother, trembling.
"What put that thought in
your head? Your grandfather maybe
hard and stern, but he would do us no
physical harm. Do you fear to approach
him, Hazel? Does your heart
fail you? I will not"?with a wan
smile?"send you into the lion's den
against your will."
"No, mamma?I have no fear," I
answered.
"For your sake, more than for mine,
I wish you to go, to him. He is rich
and honored?he can shelter and keep
you when I am dead?he can save you,
if he will, from all the want and sorrow
and despair with which I have
been overwhelmed. I will not ask his
forgiveness for myself, if only he will
take you to your rightful place in his
home and heart. Let him be just to
my innocent child, and I will be con
tent to remain In exile."
Her words disturbed me sorely.
"I do not want to live with my grandfather!"
I cried; "and why do you talk
of dying, mamma?"
A wild sunset, flaming across the
window, cast a curious livid light upon
her face. Her eyes looked down on
me, large and strange and solemn.
"Of late," she whispered, "I have
been tormented with evil dreams, dear
?frightful, sinister dreams! Night
after night, I see you cast friendless
on the world?night after night, I see
myself lying In a narrow coffin, unable
any more to shield or guide you. This
Is why I send you to your grandfather,
Hazel. God grant that he may receive
you kindly! He Is your natural guardian?able
to protect you against all
enemies. However short my own life
may be?however dark the doom which
may wait for me in the future?with
him you will be safe."
To be Continued
Bible In Hotels.?An organized
movement to olace a Bible in the
rooms of every hotel In the United
States was formulated some time ago
at a meeting of the "Gideons," an organization
of Christian traveling men,
according to C. T. Powers of St. Louis,
Mo, "Of the 600,000 and more traveling
men in this country," continued
Mr. Powers to a Washington Post reporter,
"3,000 only are Gideons, and
yet it is the largest mission effort ever
organized that does Its work at Its
own expense and asks no help from
the churches. We have begun this
crusade to place Bibles in the hotels
throughout the country in the interest
of those who might, if given the
opportunity, be led by these simple
means to turn from a life of unhappiness
to one of usefulness. Many a
young man and young woman, tempted
almost beyond their strength, far
from home and Christian influences,
might have been saved at a crucial
moment had here been an opportunity
to read the living words of truth
from the Book of God." Mr. Powers
deplored the fact that among the people
in general the traveling man is too
often underrated and held up to the
public view as a creature of low Intellect
and uncertain morality.
| Home Course In
| Modei
? By C. V. GF
\ XI.?BACTERIA?HOW THE]
} Agricultural Division, I
X Copyright, 1908, by Amerii
We hear a great deal about bacteria,
or germs, as they are more popularly th
called, but few people know what they se
really are. Although they are bo small mi
that it would take several thousand to- ro
gether to make a spot large enough to wl
be seen with the naked eye, yet their th
importance to the farmer is not meas- '
ured by their size. do
Bacteria are tiny plants, each com- er;
posed of a single cell. These cells are be
of various shapes and sizes. Some to
are round, some long and some shaped mi
like a corkscrew. oome are found sh
singly and some in groups. Some can- ml
not move at all, some move by twist- wl
Ing themselves about, and still others of
have long, tail-like flagella by which cl<
they move themselves along. lni
Bacteria are made up of a clear, sa
Jellylike material called protoplasm, be
This protoplasm is surrounded by a bu
harder cell wall. There Is a great dif- ro
ference in the thickness of these cell
walls, and on this thickness depends to eri
a large extent the ability of the germs pi;
to withstand unfavorable conditions, hi)
Those with thin cell walls can be kill- ou
sd easily, while the thicker walled ge
kinds are very difficult to exterminate, no
I ?
i-r^l
** th
FIG. XXI?SOME TYPES OF BACTERIA. g
Bacteria propagate themselves by ar
dividing. One cell divides into two. ar
Each of these two grows to full size pe
and divides again, and so on. Under T1
favorable conditions this process may di|
be repeated every half hour. At thii| >
rate the descendants or one gernjr
would In ten hours number more thaC^jL
a million.
At times the part of the protoplasm
of a germ will gather into a round,
comparatively hard mass, called a
spore. The ' the ?ell then crum
bles away. TSt spore is inactive, but
possesses muj^greater powers of resistance
than when in the active state. Ul
These sports oftah remain alive to Qu
start the infection afresh after the la]
active bacteria have all been killed by ,
disinfection^ - ? ?t- . ^ .
Bacteria, like higher plants, have ^
definite requirements for growth. One ln
of the most important of these is molsture.
Drying will not kill bacteria, but a?
it will stop their multiplication. An- do
other essential to bacterial growth is th
warmth. Cold, like dryness, will not
* by
kill them, but it win siop uem uvm
multiplying:. This Is the reason that ^
the souring of milk or the spoiling of pr
meat, which is caused by bacteria ne
goes on much more slowly or not at
all when they are kept In a cold place. ln
One of the principal foods of bacteria
is nitrogen. Without It they can- 80
not live. Because of this fact sugar be
and lard, which contain no nitrogen, pc
never spoil. Bacteria also require oxy- 1)1
gen, though only certain species are an
dependent on the air for their supply.
One of these is the kind that causes
meat and vegetable to decay. This fri
is why canned fruit and vegetables do 08
not spoil. The bacteria have been m
killed and the oxygen driven off by
heating. The few germs that do get ln
before the can is sealed up cannot de- pe
velop for lack of air. If the can Is not <*1
air tight, however, some oxygen will ye
find its way in, the germs will multl- th
ply, and the contents will spoil. 8U
Not all bacteria are Injurious. Al- UI
though some of man's most deadly en- pc
emies are found among these Invisible W)
micro-organisms, yet many of them
are his best friends. We have already ?'
learned about the bacteria that live on "
the roots of legumes and change the CI
nitrogen of the air Intb a form in w
which it can be used by plants. The or
rotting of manure and trash to make en
humus and of humus to make the ele- 'n
ments of plant food available is also Wl
due to the action of bacteria. In this re
way bacteria, by making animal be
wastes available for plant rood, com- -v
plete the circle of plant and animal
life. tw
The putrefying bacteria, or those ^
which cause rotting, are more benefl- m
cial than harmful. By their action na
dead animals and other refuse matter tr(
are quickly reduced to the elements T1
from which they were made. Even the 8,1
odor given off during the process is te
also beneficial as a reminder that the
matter of burying or burning has been
neglected.
Other micro-organisms in the form
of yeast are a necessary help In breadmaking.
The yeast plants, growing in
the dough, set free considerable
amounts of carbon dioxide. This gas ^
In trying to escape fills the dough with la:
holes and spaces, making it "rise." of
The bacteria which cause milk and
cream to sour are also useful. Butter ]6|
made from sweet cream Is lacking in m
flavor, and there is not so much of it, or
since the globules of butter fat do not
collect as readily as In sour cream, re
But, while the germs that cause milk Zt
to sour are harmless, there are others gc
often found In milk that are not. The dc
first variety will always be plentiful
enough anyway, and the others should ^
be kept down to as small a number as arj
possible. lei
One of the most important methods
of doing this Is by cleanliness. The yj
milk palls and strainers and the sepa
rator should be thorougmy cieanea m
every time they are used. Mere rlns- pe
lng with cold water Is not enough. W(
Following the ordinary washing by re
scalding with boiling water Is the only Ci
sure way of killing all tne germs, in QV
cleaning dishes a brush is much better fo
than a rag. since It can be more easily
cleaned Itself. A dish rag remains
damp for a long time after It has been th
used and furnishes an excellent place w>
for bacteria to grow. The "dish rag
flavor" caused by these can often be pi
detected In butter. tl<
5 *
rn Agriculture. j
legory, i ;
f AFFECT THE FARMER. :
owa State College. J 11
Mtn Press Association. X 0
w ? w w w W _ - u
After the dishes have been*scalded
ey should be placed Jn the sun for ;
veral hours. There should be as n
iich sunshine as possible in the milk (
om and cow stable also. Sunlight,
iich is so necessary to the growth of
e higher plants. Is fatal to bacteria. ?
The stable where the milking is '
ne should be cleaned and aired ev- ^
y day. A coat of whitewash should &
applied occasionally, as in addition e]
being a good germ killer it also
ikes the stable much lighter. Hay ^
ould not be fed immediately before
liking, as the dust from it is covered
th bacteria. The udders and flanks
the cows should be kept perfectly c
;an. A little dirt failing from them
to the milk will take with it thounds
of germs. The milk should not u
left In the barn after it is drawn, q
it taken immediately to the milk
om. b
Many creameries and city milk deal- ^
9 practice pasteurisation. This slmy
consists in heating the milk to as
trh a t?mni>nitun> an nosslble with
t scalding' it. This kills most of the jj
rms, and the few that are left will t]
t develop rapidly enough to do much
xm. In creameries a starter?that d
a portion of milk which contains a ^
.rticular kind of bacteria?Is added
ter pasteurization and the cream ^
en "ripened" for twelve hours or so. ^
r thus supplying germs which are ^
lown to produce desirable flavors and g
lling the others, butter of very high ^
tality may be made.
There are bacteria everywhere?in ^
e soil, in the air and in the water.
r far the greater number of these
e harmless. Even disease germs ^
e unable to obtain a foothold in a t
rfectly healthy animal or person,
le secretions of the mouth and the &
festive organs are fatal to many
r
%9 ? I:
ad c
FIO. XXII?BOW SPORES ARB FORMED. 8
them. BWjS If they succeed in get- j
lg into trcnlood they are not yet c
it of danger The blood contains j
i%e numbers of white corpuscles, p
bteh seem to have no dpty to perrm
buf tc^etze and tfStVoy' these t
vaders. It is only when an animal ),
comes weakened from one cause or a
other that these corpuscles fail to j,
\ their duty and the germs begin q
elr destructive work. a
The flrst step in avoiding infection c
disease producing bacteria, then, ^
onlmola hoolthv hv
IU ACCp CMC (M1UIHM0 fc?v "J
oper feed, exercise and shelter. The t]
xt point is to do everything possl- c
e to prevent the germs from getting a
to the animal's body. t,
In case a contagious disease of any u
rt appears the sick animals should g
i shut up by themselves as far as a
isslble from the rest of the herd. 0
slnfectants, such as coal tar dips
id bichloride of mercury (one part y
the chemical, two parts salt and g
>00 parts water), should be used j,
sely. Care should be taken not to a
rry the germs from the sick anl- fl
als to the well ones while caring for t]
em. n
Wounds, such as wire cuts, need es- j,
dal care to prevent infection. Or- a
nary dlnlsfectants are too Irritating t
it something must be done to keep
e bacteria from attacking the raw ^
irfaces. Keeplrfg the wound bound t
> tightly and sprinkling daily with fl
wdered iodoform Is one of the best a
ays of insuring rapid healing. 8
The germ problem, like the problem g
weeds and insects, is easily solved a
it is gone at in the right way. n
eanliness, sunlight and disinfection t
111 do much to hold the injurious ?
ifes in check, and the others need no j
icouragement to continue doing their j,
visible thought none the less real t
ork to help us. There is no especial j
ason why the germ problem should
i made a matter of constant uneasl- c
(ss on the part of the farmer. It re- a
ilres a scientist to discriminate be- c
een bacteria that are Injurious and e
ose that are necessary, and in the 0
eantlme it is sufficient for the ordiiry
agriculturist to be diligent in in- j]
inching himself behind cleanliness, tj
ius fortified he will have little occa- c
an to make a special study of bac- j,
ria. Let the scientists do that. v
To be Continued d
. tl
STRANGE HOSPITAL WORK. 8
b
-eating Cases which Need More t]
Than Pills and Potions.
Twenty-one thousand new patients
me to the out-patient department
the Massachusetts general hospital r
st year. Wherever among the stream a
suffering humanity as It passes be- a
re the doctors there is a case hav- t
g a peculiarly different human probm.
says the American Magazine, the ti
an or woman is referred with a coled
slip to the social service departent
for human treatment, Just as he
auld under other circumstances be r
ferred to the surgical ward or the b
tnder room or ordered to take baths. a
"For some patients the best pre- ,
rlption Is a friend," as one of the
>ctors put It. 3
Here are some quotations from the v
??AOA?lntln? Klonlrc
mil tuiuicu picocii^uwu 0
hlch the doctors give to the patients,
id which contain so little purely med- n
al advice, so much human helpfuliss:
"She is working too hard; needs adce
as regards hygiene and diet."
"An undernourished child who e
ieds better and more food, which his h
irents cannot afford." c
"Patient says she must return to
ork on account of finances. She a
ally is not in condition to do so yet. n
in you do anything for her?" A
"Patient is completely run down, .
erworked and played out. Cares
r a large family. Needs rest."
"Patient needs spring back brace,
fonwAf notf frtr If " _
\_UU1IVJI (/OJ 1UI >. J.
Curious complaints in a hospital, are
ey not? Poverty, misfortune, over- L
ork, large family, human tragedies, fi
nd yet they have an intimate bear- q
g upon health. If the patient Im- .
oves he must have changed condi)ns.
h
HE MURDER OF CARNAGK.
regress of the Trial of the Coopers
and Shaipe.
Nashville, Tenn., March 12.?The slxsen
Inch gun of the defense's battery
as trained upon the state today with
illlng effect when Judge James Mc'orren
Anderson began his argument
1 the Cooper-8harpe murder trial.
Judge Anderson is not a dramatic
rator and adopts no theatrical deices.
He does not speak in metalorphos
nor Indulge in sentimental
ppeals. Only once did he refer to Colnel
Cooper as "the old soldier" and
ot once did be appeal to tne sympailes
of the Jury.
He boldly disclaimed any Idea of
leading that any editorial or speech
ould justify the slaying of Carmack,
nd declared his clients' cafes rested
slldly upon the first law Implanted In
11 living beings, the law of self-presrvatlon.
Then he boldly plunged Into the disectlon
of the evidence and the appllELtion
of the law and startled his heart's
by solemnly asserting that Robin
rould have been justified in killing
larmack before he did.
He claimed that Colonel Cooper afjr
having been assailed In print and
pon the platform, had a right to seek
ut his defamer at any place he might
nd him and demand that the assaults
e stopped. He claimed further that
lobln had a right to go with his fathr
and both of them had a right to go
rmed, for their own protection, if they
elleved their protestations and dernnds
would lead to an assault upon
hem.
? * ? ? f Vila Hffhf " flA
iae law gave uniu wuw m"T ?
ec tared, "whether Colonel Cooper
hreatened Carmack's life or not And
ven If Robin Cooper had gone over
here and struck Carmack in the face
rith his open hand he would have had
he legal and moral right to have lcilld
him, if the senator attempted to
raw a revolver."
Anderson declared this was the law,
hat he quoted It merely to show how
trongly the courts protect the right
f self-defense and to make manifest
lobin Cooper's reluctance to shoot unit
he himself had been shot
The speakqr grew weak about 4.30
nd asked a continuance until tomorow.
The case will close tomorrow,
nd McCarn will make the closing
peech for the state. The judge will
nen cnarge uie jury.
Only a few people were In court
/hen the Cooper trial was resumed.
"I shall not delay you very long,"
leneral Washington promised as he
tepped out before the Jury.
"I want to direct your attention to
ames C. Bradford. He enters the
ase the morning of the tragedy at the
iaxwell house, when the governor telehones
him and at once bis good ofices
are apparent In the effort to avert
he tragedy. Yet these hungry, starvag
lawyers for the prosecution, hungry
nd starving for facts, would have you
elieve that this splendid lawyer, this
Christian gentleman, this scion of an
rlstocratic old family, suddenly beame
a raging he-devll, thirsting for
loo'd and plotting murder."
General Washington read a part of
he testimony of John J. Vertrces, coneraing
the conversation with Bradford
bout the note Cooper had written
a Carmack. He argued that every
ne of Vertrees' testimony proved that
Iradford's one object was to prevent
ny kind of trouble. Then he passed
n to Adjutant General Brown.
"If you were to look back years ago,
ou would hear the roar of artillery,
ee serried lines. The ammunition is exausted,
the fate of the day is at stake;
beardless boy, mounted on a foamecked
horse rides gladly down the
he line, haversack loaded with ammuitlon,
and saved the day for the men
n gray. I tell you General Brown is
s much, a hero as was Hobson. Yet
hey say he lied.
"And Miss Lee, she was in the ofice
entertaining company. You get
wo female stenographers on the same
loor together, exchanging idle gossip,
s they do, and I am not surprised that
he didn't hear the telephone ring,
ihe and Mrs. Blake were talking
bout the kind of new hat that, that
iew hat that " "We object to
hat and wish to call Mr. Washington
iack into record," said Gen. McCarn.
udge Hart admonished Gen. Washmrton
to keep within the record and
he latter continued his attack upon
llss Lee. In a falsetto voice he inulged
in mimicry of two women. The
rowd that lined up behind the defendnts
previously referred to by Attorney
reneral McCarn as "defendants rootrs,"
laughed repeatedly at the antics
f the attorney.
Judge Hart rapped for order, but
he deputies made no effort to suppress
he demonstration. These "rooters"
limbed on the step to the bench, faced
ury and apparently endeavored to coney
their approval over Judges' shoulers
to the twelve men who are trying
he case. Judge Hart has repeatedly
cared them off. When the laughter
egan again this morning he cleared
he steps again and ordered the depules
to keep them cleared.
General Washington once more
eacnea me otiuai ouuui...0
messenger boy to help him to re-enct
the tragedy. This was the third
Ime the speaker has described the
raged y.
"You are Carmack," he exclaimed.
Washington seized the automatic
evolver and crouched down. The
oy, frightened began to back away
a Washington ad\'anced. The crowd
lughed and the judge did, too. "A
on who sees his father's enemy, reolver
In hand, and does not kill that
nemy as he would a mad dog, Is not
it to be food for worms.
"And Carmack fell dead," he said.
"I do not care for all the montrositles
in surgery that are reportd?men
who have lived with bullets
i the brain and heart and spinal
ord. I do not care for such neophytes
o r?r nioairntt' and others. I sav Car
lack was dead the moment that the
rst bullet entered his heart. "Now
;t's see where Robin Cooper was."
He continued:
"There Is no dispute as to where
tobln stood. There Is rio dispute that
larmack fired directly into Robin's
nee. The deadly, bloodthirsty weapon
'armack thrust into the boy's face,
he face of a boy who had supported
,1m and helped him. He fired twice.
Thanlu to the thickness or Robins lie,
the stiffness of his collar and thanks
to fate. Robin was not to die. Ckrmack
was astounded that the boy did
not fall so he stepped back. If he did
not kill with two shots he still had
three left and he prepared to use
them."
After citlnr the law beailuf on the
case, Washington said:
"It is cowardly to creep behind
houses and drop words of poison into
Individual ears. It is not cowardly to
go out into the sunlight, bare your
breast and demand an interview that
you have a right to ask why. Robin
would have had the right to Id 11 Carmack
on the Instant he made the step
towards his father. No law compels a
man to wait until his antogonlst is on
superior or even equal terms with him.
He may act first in consciousness of
his own innocence of equal intent
Every fact and circumstance in this
caa? tends to show that Robin acted
in this innocence of evil intent and be
acted very magnanimously in not
shooting when he received what he
believed to be fatal."
When Gen. Washington had con*
eluded, a recess was taken.
Arguments of Saturday.
Nashville, Tenn., March IS.?Judge
Anderson resumed his argument today,
saying:
"I left the Coopers and Garmack at
the telephone posts yesterday. The
state contends that CoL Cooper had no
right to turn around and go over there
to see Senator Carmack. I have shown
you that he has a right And his intent
was peaceful, for he went with
hand extended. The state says: "Why
did not you say your mission was
peaceful?* because he did not have to.
There is no law to compel you when
you approach a man on the street to
yell out that your mission Is a pacific
one.
"Again comes the state Inquiry:
Then why did Senator Carmack open
fire almost Instantly after he aaw Col.
Cooper?* The state says It wta because
Mrs. Burch, the colonel's daughter,
sent word that *Papa la armed and
threatening to kill Carmack on sight,"
and that this statement was communicated
to Carmack. lira Burch's deductions,
however, honestly made, hav?
nothing to do with these defendants
and they are not responsible for them,"
Anderson declared again that Carmack
has no right to anticipate any
trouble until .* Cooper's note actually
had been received by him, and that the
note had not been sent Thereto* he
said Senator Carmack had no reason
to draw a gun when the Coopers approached.
Judge Anderson claimed that Mrs. \
Burch, the colonel's daughter, waa a
state witness, and that the state should
have used her if she knew anything
pertinent about the case.
"And now, gentlemen, I am going
to quit The responsibility which has
rested on me. Is passing to you. Tou
know how handicapped we have been
by the failure of the state-to offer any
theory at all. But there Is one fact In
this case, which cannot be controvert-'
ed. And that Is that Senator Carmack
drew a revolver first and fired first
It cannot be disputed that Robin fired
only when he had to. I feel safe in
the result gentlenfen, I leave It to
you."
Attorney General McCarn began his
closing argument at once. He remarked
In opening that he waa not "arguing
the case of Robert Love Taylor
against E. W. Carmack," or "the case
of M. R. Patterson against E. W. Carmack."
"Washington talked so much about
bee martins and sparrows that Joe
Garner actually went to rooat on a tree
last night, and thla morning he did
not know whether to go to pecking at
eagles or fly from limb to limb, so we
clipped his wings and brought him
here."
"They say the state has no theory.
When your old dad took you out to
lick you, did you ever know what his
theory was? and did he ever ask for
yours? No, be Just decided from the
proof that you were guilty and lit into
you. We have no theory, we Just
have the proof."
"They prate of the blue blood and
ancestry of these defendants. It always
amuses me the way these fellows
with blue blood and ancestors always
think of those ancestors when they
are brought to face with the law. Tet
Judge Anderson made a great speech,
the only real law speecn in uhb suiu
He took what testimony he liked from
the state and what he liked from the .
defense, and he asked you to acquit
on that argument."
Gen. McCSarn then took the first edi- _
torial to which Cooper objected from
the News-Scimitar. "That editorial
warf not written by Carmack and they
knew it. They Introduced it for one
purpose, and that was because it attacked
Governor Patterson, and they
hoped to reach you men on the Jury
who are and were supporters of the
governor.
"Gen. Meeks said 'don't sue a man
for libel because all you can get will
be a Judgment not worth a chew of
tobacco.' That is funny advice for a
lawyer to give. A Judgment against a
poor man, which he cannot satisfy, is
more humiliating to him than all the
things he could say about you."
"And then comes the editorial of
D/<tnhi>p 91 Thin odltriHol rofarn In
the trading of Bryan for Patterson
and mentions Cooper's name with others.
It had a right to do It. What If
one of them were a dive keeper, we
know he was In politics. Cooper says
he was In politics."
Then Gen. McCarn got after the
American, which, he said, was the
Cooper organ.
"There Is one so-called high class
Journal here,"' he said, "which dally
writes editorials tearing to pieces men
who go upon the stand and tell the
truth. Young women are not secure
from these attacks neither are mere
children. That Is all right, but we .
must not criticise Col. Dune Cooper,
he's a spark from the expiring embers
of the old southern chivalry. 'We will
attack whom we please, but no one
must attack Dune Cooper.' Now Isn't
that a nice theory for a high-class
newspaper?
"Next we find the editorial of October
23, which attacks the machine, and
It does not mention Col. Cooper's name.
tsui ne got inau.
"Then comes the editorial of November
8, 'Across the Muddy Chasm'?the
reconciliation of Cox and Patterson.
[Continued on Second Pace.]