Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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0 YORKVILLE ENQUIRER. ISSUED SBMX-WSEKLT. i. m. oeist's sons. Publisher!. } % jfamitj gjwsjajtr: jfor thj promotion o( the political, gsirfal, ^gricaUmal and ?omm?icial interests of the $to|}it. {TeB'*88ii.""i0^or"nY^''o?^ANCt' ESTABLISHED 1855. YORKVILLE. 9. O.. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1906. ,N?* 81" SOUTH CftROLH T How the Spirit of Libert; Unconquera By REV. ROBER' From the YorHvllle Enquirer of 1871. INSTALLMENT XXXVUI. Greene's Return to North Caroline? Cornwallie Leaves Hillsboro. When Lee unexpectedly met Colonel Pyle, It was late In the afternoon. The sun was setting when the affair closed. A consultation was held between Lee and Flattens ana 11 was aeienmucu not to pursue Pyle's fugitives; but to advance In the direction of O'Nell's plantation, for the purpose of attacking Tarleton. Pyle's Pond?the place at which Pyle's loyal force was nearly exterminated?Is about midway between HUlsboro and Greensboro, on the west side of the Haw. Colonel O'Nell's plantation, at which Tarleton was encamped for the night, was about three miles distant from Pyle's Pond. Lee and Pickens approached to within a mile of Tarleton's camp and learned that the British had partaken of a sumptuous supper, and were carelessly encamped and in a good condition every way, as they thought to be surprised. The capture of Colonel Tarleton would have covered his captor with glory. No man was dreaded by the American soldiers of the south and especially by the militia, so much as x aneiuii. i mo uicau ?*?o ? ?? founded. For In the kind of warfare In which they were enraged. Tarleton was far superior to Cornwalha. Notwithstanding the fact that Morgan defeated him at the Cowpens, his name created a kind of terror wherever It was mentioned In the American camp. He was cruel, but all war Is cruel. Tarleton was brave and energetic, full of perseverance and no man could be more vigilant. It was creditable in the highest degree, to Lee and Pickens and the men under them, even to undertake to attack Tarleton. None but the bravest of the brave, with an equal number of men, would have dared such a thing. The forces of Lee were arranged for the attack upon Tarleton at an early hour on the next morning. The horsemen lay down to rest with their bridles in their hands and the infantry with their guns primed and ready for fiction. Perhaps neither officers nor men although tired, could sleep much. Who could sleep sweetly knowing that Tarleton and his fierce dragoons were only a mile distant. During the early part of the night, Colonel Preston of Montgomery county. Virginia, with three hundred mounted volunteers came into Lee's camp. Many of the men under Preston were the h&rdy sons of the mountain region, whom the gallant Colonel William Campbell had led at King's Mountain. Campbell leading a similar force was In the vicinity and Joined Lee a few days afterward. Campbell and Preston?neighbors and kinsmen?had hastened with a body of volunteers to aid General Greene. A very considerable number of the men In their commands were,the men who fought so bravely at King's Mountain and won so glorious a victory over the gallant Colonel Ferguson. The Infantry commanded by Pickens were, many of them. King's Mountain boys. "As iron sharpeneth thtt maotlno- nf thnflp who had gazed upon heaps of dead British and Tories on the morning after the battle of King's Mountain and seen the wagons of Ferguson drawn across his camp fires and burnt up, must have Infused new energy in Lee and Pickens and the men In their several commands. Shortly after midnight the men In Lee's command were aroused and at 3 o'clock In the morning they set out for the camp of Tarleton. Before reaching the place, It was discovered that Tarleton had during the night, broken ? /v?? #/\*? LIIIIoKapa up nil* camp aiiu oci uut >? ?. This news filled the mind of both men and officers In Lee's command with disappointment. All had confidently counted on a surprise and the chances were favorable for capturing Tarleton and his whole command. Tarleton was also disappointed. Many of those belonging to Pyle's party, who escaped the sword of Lee's dragoons, fled to Tarleton's camp. Wounded and covered with blood they complained that they had been attacked by the British. So completely were they deceived by the appearance of Lee's legion that it was not until after they reached Tarleton's camp that they discovered that they had fallen Into the hands of the Americans. The British were making preparations to avenge the blood of the loyalists under Colonel Pyle, who had been wounded and killed, when Tarleton received orders from Cornwallis to come back to his camp, which was at that time on the west bank of the Eno. General Greene had crossed the Dan on the twenty-second and twentythird, and was moving Into North Carolina. So soon as Cornwallis learned this fact, he began to fear that his forces might be attacked in detachments and his whole army destroyed. To prevent this he ordered Tarleton back to camp. So Intensely anxious was Cornwallis for the return of Tarleton, that he sent no less than three couriers at different Intervals during the dav with orders for his prompt re turn. It is probable that Tarleton would have measured swords with Lee had he been ordered to camp but a single time. From O'Nell's, the Haw was distant about four miles. At this point the river was crossed on a ferry boat. One mile below there was another ferry. Seven miles below was the ford at which both the Americans and British had crossed on the preceding day. The American officers thought It probable that Tarleton would attempt to cross at one or both of the ferries. It was determined to pursue the trail of the enemy, thinking It possible to overtake his rear at the river. The morning was dark and time precious. In order that the troops might follow directly In the track of the enemy, Lee's legion kindled pine torches and led the way. Tarleton led his men first along the road leading to the HI HI ttfi fiSmUTHHt Y Was Kept Alive By an Me People. r LiTHAN. D. D. nearest ferry, then passed to the right and fell into the road leading to the ferry a mile below, and again inclining ' to the right fell into the road leading to the ford. When day broke, the Americans following directly in the enemy's trail, were within two miles , of the ford. The cavalry accelerating their speed, pushed on to the river, 1 leaving the infantry to follow. When ' ik... I. -i.Ut .l.fAM ' mrj uuuic tu sigui ui uic itvci, iuc rear guard of the British were descending the hill to the ford. The ma'n body had just crossed, and taken a position to protect the rear. Again for the third time In twenty- 1 four hours, Tarleton had been nearly ' within the grasp of Lee and Pickens ' and each time escaped. Within sight of the escaping foe, a consultation was held by Lee and Pickens with regard 1 to the propriety of marching rapidly ' up the Haw and crossing at the nearest ferry and then falling behind Tar- 1 leton with the view of crippling him. ( It was thought however, on more ma- ( ture deliberation that Cornwallls had 1 in all probability learned what Lee and 1 Pickens were doing and would send succor to Tarleton. Fearing that the 1 pursuit might result In needless ex- ? posure, they desisted from pursuing * the wary foe; and marching up the west bank of the Haw, encamped and ? refreshed their troops In the first settlement that was able to afford them \ supplies. Tarleton reached the camp of Corn- ? wallls, without having experienced any ^ waot In do Kiit Via K q fallal anmnlfita. ' 5 * V IUOO, VUV AAV AlUrVi UMAVVA VWM?|/?V VV ly to effect the purpose for which he had been sent out. The object which he had in view was to encourage the loyalists, between the Haw and Deep rivers and act as a kind of escort to the loyal Pyle in his march to Hlllsboro. Poor Pyle as we have already seen, fell Into the hands of Lee's legion and was at a single blow, exterminated. Never was any body of men more unfortunate than that which was commanded by Pyle. Whatever Interest in the British government the presence of Colonel Tarleton had inspired in the Inhabitants of the country between the Haw and Deep rivers, the defeat of Pyle more than counteracted It. The hopes of the loyalists were ready to die. Cotnwallls saw that something must be done. Under the circumstances, he concluded to march his whole force Into the region lately abandoned by Tarleton. On the twenty-sixth of February, Tie left his camp on the Eno, and marching his troops through Hillsboro, encamped on Alamance creek, on the twenty-seventh, In the neighborhood of what Is called "Stinking Quarter." On the twenty-second, as we have seen, General Greene commenced to c cross the Dan and lead his troops back ? Into North Carolina. The work was completed on the twenty-third. Two reasons Induced General Greene to take this step?the preventing of Cornwallls from embodying the loyalists and Tories of the country and employing his own troops. It was then as ? It is now, and ever will be that no small number of the human family are ready to attach themselves to the side that seems to be In the ascendency. ' Like dumb driven cattle," they are wholly under the control of others. Both Cornwallis and Greene knew this. If Cornwallis remained In quiet possession of North Carolina, multitudes of passive creatures would flock to his 1 Hia.uua.ru; auu wnusi uiey wuuiu o.uu nothing; to the real strength of his army, they would prove a continual source of annoyance to the true Whigs of the country. General Greene knew that his appearance in the country would either Induce some of these miserable creatures to espouse the American cause or it would fill them with astonishment and render them neutral. The character of many of Greene's forces also made a move necessary With them arms was not a profession?it was a necessity. They had no love for lying up in camp and drilling. They had in obedience to the promptings of principle entered the army to fight. Not that they loved flahtlnnr hnt hataH tvrunnV. When actively engaged they were contented: but when idle In camp they were restless and inclined to be Insubordinate. Hence when General Greene gave the order to cross the Dan and return Into North Carolina. Joy beamed in every eye. Greene on entering North Carolina, directed his course towards the Haw, which he crossed near its source and camped between Troublesome creek and Reedy Fork. So soon as It was ascertained that Cornwallis had quitted his position at Hlllsboro, Greene placed between himself and Cornwallis, a corps similar to that which had been placed between them on the retreat. The command of this force was given to the vigilant Col. Williams. To this corps, as In the retreat, a number of able and experienced officers were attached. Amongst them were Lee, Campbell. Pickens and Preston?men all as brave as C&esar and true as steel. This force hung around the British; at one time cutting off their supplies, and capturing their foraging parties; at another time capturing their pickets and thwarting the progress of the main body. n I mam/v *Knr? ton HuVQ rui cl pci iuu ui uiuic man w?? ^ both generals kept their armies In continual motion. Greene changed his camp every day. One day he was on one side of the Haw, on the next day on the other. Cornwallls was perplexed. He could obtain no certain information respecting Greene's plans. The loyalists and Tories were hopelessly discouraged. During the short stay of Cornwallls at Hillsboro and on the , Eno, no less than seven companies of loyalists had been enrolled. These were disbanded and scattered to the winds when he left Hillsboro and re- ( tired beyond the Haw. On the contrary small bodies of men and single Individuals In the capacity of volun- i teers from the surrounding Whig settlement, were steadily Increasing the ' strength of Greene's army. His men although undergoing severe hardships and suffering great deprivations, were in good health and bouyant spirits. Between the British and Williams' corps, frequent skirmishes took place. On the second of March a skirmish occurred between a part of Tarleton's deglon and Colonel Preston's mountain men, in which the British lost thirty men. At Wetzell's mill, on Reedy Fork, a thrilling incident occurred. Williams had taken his position near the camp of Cornwallia Alamance creek lay between them. Under cover of a thick fog, a strong detachment of British cavalry, supported by a body of infantry and a few pieces of field artillery, was sent to dislodge Williams. Concealed by the fog, the British gained a favorable position and it became necessary for the Americans to retreat. At first it was thought the British ' were advancing to attack Grreene. A messenger was immediately 31spatched to Greene's camp to Inform him of the supposed Intentions of the British and of the course proposed by Williams to baffle his undertaking: Colonels Campbell and Preston were stationed in a thick cluster of trees, near the ford of the creek, at Wetsell's mill, to delay the passage of the snemy at that point. Near the ford was a small log school nouse. In this house, Campbell placed twenty-Ave of the best riflemen In his :ommand. So expert were these men with their rifles, that they were accus:omed to amuse themselves, when in :amp, by placing an apple on the end >f a ramrod and whilst one held the amrod in his hands, his comrades would shoot at the apple. Rarely was :he apple missed. These twenty-flve skilled marksmen were placed In the ichool house, with Instructions to act us their good sense might direct. The 3ritish were on the opposite hill. So in officer approached them and after laving given the soldiers some instructions which the marksmen In the ^hool house could not hear, he turned iway and dashed down the hill tovard the ford In the direction of the ichool house. Without a moment's deay he plunged Into the creek. The >ottom of the ford was rough and he vaa obliged to move slowly. He rode i beautiful black horse which felt his vay carefully through the stream. The ?yes of twenty-flve riflemen were up>n him. He was In full view and vithin rifle shot. One after another of he twenty-flve men in the school louse took deliberate aim and flred, ach expecting to see either the horse >r rider fall into the stream. Steadily is If nothing was transpiring, the ofll:er moved on. Thirty-two balls from Lccurate rifles, aimed by skillful narksmen, were hurled at him as he ode calmly across the stream. Unrarmed he reached the bank near the ichool house, drew up his bridle reins, ind dashed down the creek to his own nen, whom he immediately led against he Americans. The back-mountain nen stood gaxing upon each other in istonlshment. They concluded that >oth the man and his horse were bulet proof. It was afterwards learned rom British prisoners that the officer vas Lieutenant Colonel Webster. He vas not however bullet proof, for he ell a short time after at the battle >f Guilford court house. Notwlthitandlng the failure of the riflemen to till Webster, the British detachment ailed to entrap Williams. TO BE CONTINUED. The Lion In Fact and In Fable. "Amenemhat I, one of the oldest ind grandest of the Kings of Egypt, 1,000 years before Christ, thought It vorth while to record lmperlshably: 'I hunted the lion," says Ernest Ing>rsol In "The Life of Animals: The Uammals"?a book full of curious ore, published by the Macmillan :ompany. "That has been a proud >oast among men of valor ever since. ? ? -* -a l no animai since ine ucbiiiiihib the world has been so Interesting :o men generally, nor received nore fearsome admiration. Its najestic pose when aroused, Its :errlfylng roar, Its power to harm, ts apparent supremacy, gave It natirally the rank of king In the minds )f a world which saw no reason why :he animal tribes should not acknowledge a ruler as well as the :rlbes of men. The ancient hunting >f the lion must often have been a soul-stirring performance?a hand;o-hand conflict, calling for the best n nerve and muscle a man possessed. David's seizing one, and tearing Its laws asunder by main strength, was i deed matched later by one of his >nr>tn<na Rpnnlnh (2 Sam. XXXlil:2'0:) He cut down also and slew a lion In the midst of the pit In the time of snow;' and it won for him promotion :o be chief of staff. These incidents ?an hardly have been great exaggerations of the encounters in which shepherds and hill men, from the Lyban desert to the plains of Persia, defended their flocks and themselves, when all depended on driving home a short pike. What marvels it courage and luck might be written, could the facts of any of a thousand such battles be recovered! Pausanlas tells us of a Greek athlete, Polydamas, who slew a lion at the foot of Mount Olympus, although he was unarmed. During the palmy days of the Roman Empire every prominent city had its corps of bestlarii, men whose business It was to fight with wild beasts in the arena for the amusement of the crowd; but ive have no Information as to their methods. A Hamran Arab of western Abyssinia does not hesitate even now, when necessary, to face the lion rvr* ormoH orilv with fl SWOTf} and small shield, and In that wonderfully interesting book, 'Wild Beasts and Their Ways,' Sir Samuel Baker describes how on one occasion one of his Arab hunters did precisely that, and saved the lives of both, for as this determined fellow marched slowly forward the lion, Instead of rushing to attack, crept like a coward Into Impenetrable thorns, and was seen no more." tv' "Young Mrs. Roxley calls that tottering old husband of her's 'angel.' Isn't that ridiculous?" "Not at all; he has the money." "Of course, but?" "Well, she used to be In the theatrical business, you know." M Miss Hevverley?How do you pronounce e-m-b-o-n-p-o-l-n-t? Mr. Knok?O! It's easy enough to) pronounce that. Miss Hevverley?How? Mr. Knox?Fat. J TILLMAN ON THE RACE PROBLEM. Advocates Adoption of Enropetn Postport System HAKES BED HOT SPEECH IN AUGUSTA Let Every Citizen of 8outhern 8tate Be Required to Have a Paeeport Deecribing Hie Age. Color, Charao ter and Rsfsrsnees, and Make All Who Art Without 8uch Paaaports Subject to Arreet and Investigation. Senator B. R. Tillman spoke In Augusta, Ga., last Saturday night on the race problem and advanced a new Idea that Is deserving of serious consideration. He proposes that every southern citizen should be required to provide himself with a passport, and that people who are unable to produce such passports be liable to arrest and Investigation. The full text of the senator's speech as published in the Augusta Chronicle of Sunday morning Is as follows: "Ladles and Gentlemen: Though in recent years my pathway has led me far away from Augusta, and I have little opportunity during the occasional visits to keep In touch with the people of this grand old city, when I tell you that I was born within thirteen miles of this spot and lived there until I was past forty years old, and during all of my boyhood and younger marihood business as well as pleasure often brought me to this city, you will understand that 'Augusta' and 'Augusta people' can be no strange words to me, nor can tts people be strangers. "In selecting the r&ce problem as the subject, I will talk to you about tonight, the same subject upon which I spoke here four or five years ago, you will doubtless wonder why I should cling to a topic about which most of you are familiar and about which you think ther$ Is very little new or strange or profitable I can tell you. A month ago I should not have thought to select this subject, though I have long been discussing It In the north, where they know nothing about It and where I feel perfectly willing to tell them what I think they ought to know. I told them about it from the 'Ben Tillman' standpoint, so you can imagine what sort of stuff they heard. The Atlanta Riot. "Two or thfee weeks ago tonight, we had what is called the Atlanta rlol with the details of which most of you are familiar, although the full story has never gotten Into the papers, and It Is because of that riot and the illuminating character of the occurrences there that I have felt almost compelled from a sense of duty to take this, my first opportunity, to lecture iCi the south to present to you some ol! the views that have come to me illuminated by those bloody and horrible transactions. I do not lay claim to being a prophet. I do lay claim to honesty and patriotism of purpose and to having good common sense; and It Is In the exercise of my patriotism of purpose as well as my use of common sense that I am going to speak to you tonight. I am going to call things by their names; I am not going to mince words; I will hurt some feelings and tread on some toes; but I will tell the truth as I see it "I do not often use a manuscript fcVIIU t UU UUL 111 ICUU IU UDC UllO UUTT, except for a minute, but having in view the laying before you and before the country my understanding of the situation. I have deliberately set down in black and white where I could weigh my words and be careful to guard my statements, certain fundamental principles which I ask you to permit me to read." Here the speaker read from manuscript the six following declarations: 1. The white men of the south were never more united or determln ea man iney are now in me puipooc to maintain white supremacy In each and every part of every southern state regardless of negro majorities, and the thought of social equality Is as Intolerable or even more so than the Idea of political equality. The two go hand In hand and cannot be separated. 2. The negroes were never more Intent on contesting In every way that they dare this position of the whites. Their teachers, their preachers, their politicians and every organization which they have formed, one and all, are bent on compelling a recognition by the' whites of the rights given to the negroes by the 14th and 15th amendments; and in every practicable way the Republican national government Is giving aid and comfort to this Idea. 3. Race hatred In every form Is growing In Intensity with both races. 4. Lynching for rape of white women by negroes will continue as long na tVio r>rlm? In pnmmlttpd and the fact that In many Instances the guilty flend is not caught intensifies the hatred of the whites toward the negro race and tends to precipitate race conflicts in which innocent and good negroes are too often the only sufferers. 6. Amalgamation Is the hope and ultimate purpose of the negroes; the obliteration of the color line, and many white men, too many, oblivious of their duty to their race and caste, are voluntary criminals in this regard, while thank God, our white women prefer death to such a fate. In almost every community white men can be found brazenly living openly with colored women and nothing is said or done about it. We must protect our women at any and all hazards else they would spurn us and ought to spurn us; and we must draw the line of caste between white men and black women and sternly compel its observance, just as sternly as we are resolved to draw the line between black men and white women. The fact that the negro ravishes the white woman while the white man only lowers himself to gratify lust with a willing negro woman as morality Is concerned, makes the only difference. 6. The most essential and burning Issue with us Is how to prevent rape rather than try to avenge It. Lynching has failed; we must try something else. Ab the superior race we owe It to ourselves to protect the good and Innocent negroes, of whom there are many?millions of them In fact ?from false teachers and bad leadera who are rapidly driving the wfhltes to desperation and to the masi sacre of the negroes, and to a race w!ar which can have only one result, the destruction of the weaker race. Would Holp For On# Thing. |"My words are bold," he continued. "There are not many who would like to discuss this question. I shrink from 'it, but the subject is too serious and the situation too grave for me to speak I on it at all and not hew to the line. Prevent rape. 8top it?don't try to ' nr?nr? It T moan that la tho nnllfiV. but God knows I said after I had taken the oath of office as governor of South Carolina, with the oath warm on my Hps, that I would lead a mob to lyrteh any man, black or white, who would ravish any woman, black or white?and I meant It. "But we want a remedy for rape. Lynching has not succeeded. We must have a remedy. When I come to discuss the remedy or the remedies for the conditions of which I have spoken we are confronted with difficulties and obstacles which appear almost insuperable. "The storm center of all of this trouble is the necessity for the protection of the white women of the south from the (lends who have been turned loose upon us by northern fanatics and we must stop at nothing, however costly or cruel It may appear, which will afford our women safety from these dlevlls In human form. "The only feasible scheme which I have ever hit upon has besn rejected time and s.galn because it involves a most radical departure from all of our ideas of Anglo-Saxon liberty and now I adopt it only as a last resort. It Is nothing more nor less than the establishment among us of the European passport system coupled with a large increase of the officers of the law, most of whom are to be stationary or llv? at their homes, while In everv conntv where the r.earoes are at ail numerous we would liave two or more mounted policemen ever on the move to track down suspicious and dangerous characters. With a half dosen or more picked men In every township commissioned to make arrests, without warrant, if, after investigation, it should be deemed necessary under the regulations, and also charged with the duty of ferreting out hll cases of Incendiary teachings or utterances which would tend to lawlessness, we could soon put the breeders of trouble between the luces, white or black, In such hot water that they would move on and out of the country. "It is idle to try to put out a Are and prevent conflagration If men are allowed to roam about with matches and continue to set It. If we Intend to assert and maintain white supremacy we must foroe the negroes to rec- ? ognlxe their subordinate position and , allow no otner iaea 10 do cussenunaied or taught. We must compel every rn to have a fixed domicile and to regularly at work, or employed by some one to whom he can refer for character and good conduct; and allow no stranger to enter a community without being subjected at once to an Investigation. Every Man a Passport. "Make every such man produce a passport issued by the proper ofHcers, and have In the passport a good reason for changing his home. Let the punishment be a year on the chaingang. This law, of course, would have to apply to both races to be constitutional, and It ought to be enforced Impartially. No good white man can find reasonable objection and we need not consider the bad ones. "It is the restless younger generation of negroes, whose blood has been fired by Incendiary teachings and who are moving from turpentine camp to turpentine camp, from saw mill to saw mill, from one railroad gang to another railroad gang, from one town to another, drunkards, gamblers, thieves, liars, loafers, many of them slaves of the cocaine habit or habituated to the smoking of drugged cigarenes, me worthless scum of the races?these are the creatures who are deflourlng our women and driving the races Into a condition which will soon precipitate a thousand bloody tragedies all over the land. That "Equality" Screed. "These are the very spawn of the doctrines of Garrison. Phillips, Beecher and John Brown; they are the Individual progeny of the abolition doctrine about the equality of man. We must drive them out of the country If we are to have the two races live here in peace together. Sand Tham North. "They do not number 5 per cent of the negro population; they are utterly woriniess as taoorers anu me umy place In this country where they ought to be welcomed or permitted to live Is among the northern people whose scheme of reconstruction has produced them. We must hunt these creatures down with the same terrified vigor and perseverance that we would look for tigers and bears, which were loose roaming over the country seeking what white women they might devour. If all of them were shot as mthlessly as we would shoot wild beasts, the . country would be better off, but we { cannot do that. It would not be right to do It, because we might kill some Innocent men, but we can keep them on the chain gang because of their vagrant, criminal manner of living ? until they flee the country or change their mode of life. Puniihment Prescribed. "If the failure to have a passport K signed according to law and giving { full description of the man who carries it Is made a misdemeanor pun- ? lshable with Imprisonment at hard ? labor and If the failure to be employed or have a home Is also punishable In a similar way, the criminal class will soon diminish either by emlgra- ^ firm or reformation, and conditions ? will rapidly Improve. The difficulty of getting labor for { an> gort of work In the country and In tile tcwns lies at the very root of on? nobbles. ^ "Suppose those restrictions should cause some white man who loves dollars better than the purity of woman ^ to say. 'Why, you will ruin labor!' "To. hell with such selfishness! Show me the man who dares, and I will show you a hound! "The negroes who would suffer un- c der the passport system are the ne- \ groes who are no good as workers 8 anywhere, and there is no loss of la| bor in protecting our women by rid- r dinar the country of these hellians. We should keep them on the chaingang until we can drive them to their friends beyond Mason and Dixon's line. Make them go up to their dearly beloved Yankee friends and raise hell up there and let them stay. "The r orth is beginning ' to have its eyes opened. Not long ago I talked for twD and a half hours to an Illinois audience. I adopted a trick I Invented In South Carolina politics. I held a he.nd primary. I said, 'I'm a white man's white man and I believe I am made of better clay than any negro wh) ever walked the earth. I believe this Is a white man's country, and white men must govern It. If irou believe It, too, hold up your bands.' And I swear to God every man, woman and child in that audisnce did It. The Horison Illuminated. "The people of the north are beginning In some measure to understand. We already know and we must act. rhe Atlanta riot has Illuminated the borlson like a flash of lightning on a lark night, and shown you the hillsides and the valleys and the darkest places and you see there nothing but nlood, bloodshed by the whites who bave been made demons by these crimes against their homes, and bloodshed by the negroes fleeing from wrath. "The danger Is real and Imminent [f, by any reasonable and sane means, we endeavor to meet the situation ind clean out this scum of hell It will -eceive the endorsement of the hosts if our northern friends who understand and who are increasing daily. "We want to be Just and humane to :he negroes. Give . them life, liberty incl pursuit of happiness, but don't five then the ballot. They know lothlng of the ballot and are incapa>le of touching it without debauchng It. 8ubjeot of Amalgamation. "A word about the subject of amalgamation: I have already pointed out :he necessity for establishing and rlgdly enforcing caste feeling between he races. "Our laws forbid Intermarriage be;ween the races, and that law is enforced. The northern states do not ,'orbld It, but I ask In all solemnity nrhether or not it is possible to present ultimate amalgamation if white nen are not compelled by public >pln!on and by law to observe the obIgations of caste. Can our Anglotaxon civilization withstand the unlermining process of a constant ln:rease in the number of mulattoes and luadroons? Our white women will ruard the purity of the race In the jravest find most sacred manner. Shall white men be allowed to destroy vhat our mothers, wives, sisters and laughteri are so bravely defending? rhe sin of miscegenation during the ilavery d^ys was great and grievously lave we paid for it, out our very civlization nangs In the balance now ind our 'Jfopendence must te upon the wave and glorious women of the south to protect and save us from ulImate mongrel lzatlon. We must act n such u way as to secure the moral support of the millions of men and vomen cf the north who are for the irst time beginning to learn the truth. We mus: budge not one jot of tittle 'rom the position we have always naintalned that the negroes are not >ur equals and cannot be permitted to participate In government without destroying: us as a section of the Unton. We mus: be just and humane In our ieallngs with them, but we must ever >ear In :nlnd the sacred duty to ourselves ard our ancestors that the hls:orian o;' the future shall not record :hat the six great states skirting the touth Atlantic and gulf, through the oily, cowardice and crimes of white nen, the states which had given to he nation such a brilliant galaxy of statesmen?Calhoun, Hayne, McDufs? stenlionii Toombs. Ben Hill. Mai ory, Yancey, Jefferson Davis, Lamar, Benjamin?that these states became nongrelized in the 20th and 21st cen:uries and that once proud and chlvilrous slave-holders had left so pusllanlmous a posterity that they allowed their civilization to be destroyed md themselves absorbed by their forner slaves." The Great Smith Family. If numbers make for greatness, hen Is the Smith family incontestably he greatest of all the families inhabting the British islands. The p 'lde of Smith Is writ large up>n the pages of the new London postifflee directory, for In the "court" sec Jon are enshrined the names of five lundred and four Smiths, to which nay be added twenty-one Smyths, and line Smythes. There are Individually ecorded here thirty-six ladies whose ippellation Is "Mrs. Smith." At the head of the family list stands i judge, a baronet, two knights, two nembers of parliament, an admiral, hree colonels, one lieutenant-colonel, >ne major, four captains and thirteen everends, all of the name of Smith. In the much larger "commercial" lection of the directory are found slghteen columns Smiths each conainlng the names of about ninety Intivldual Smiths; sixteen hundred Smiths inhabiting the commercial vorld of London. A large number of permutations ind combinations of Smiths are to be ound. Thus we have Smith and Smyth, or with the addition of the renteel "e," Smlthe and Smythe. In he plural we have Smiths, Smithes, Smythes, Smythles. In the comparalve degree, Smlther, Smithers and Smytheis (there Is no Smlthest). We ilso have the allied active forms Smlthem, Smltham, Smithett, also Smlthson and Smythson. Foreign forms are Smlt, Schmlt, Schmitt. Schmidt, Schmltx and Smlts. Phoro doubtless other variants. >ut the above are all that the eye of he unt'alned man is likely to detect, further differentiation may be left to Smith experts. The Joneses muster but two hunIred and nlnety-flve, of whom fortywo are plain "Mrs. Jones." There ire twc hundred and three persons lamed Brown, besides three named 3rowns and fifty-seven Brownes. The itoblnscns are nowhere by companion.?London Standard. XX' "Ne w that my wife is doing the looking herself she can accomplish vlth $ld worth of food twice as much is our late cook did." "You don't say?" "Yes; at any rate, I get twice as nuch dyspepsia." ... ?fti$mume0U$ grading. FACT8 ABOUT COCAINE. 1 The Drug Brings Pleasure Followed By Torture. I "What about the use of cocaine In this city, chief?" asked an Observer man of Chief H. C. Irwin of the Charlotte police department, recently. "Yes, sir, cocaine is becoming very popular here with a certain class of negroes. We are having considerable trouble with cocaine fiends. "How do the users procure it?" "They get a prescription and have it refilled time and time again. The law permits prescriptions to be refilled. I have found that colored physician* of the city give these prescriptions and patients have them filled and refilled and sell the stuff to others. We have sent a number of negroes to the chain gang for selling It" "How does the use of It affect the negro?" "It makes him no account for work and reduces him to a criminal. The cocaine fiend will do anything to get the drug. The cocaine habit makes thieves of men and women. Why, recently, we have investigated a number of robberies to find that they were committed by bands of fiends who were forced to steal to get money with which they could buy cocaine. The habitues become desperate." "How do they take It?In what form?" They buy the white powder and sniff it through their noses. One will buy a lot of it and then he and his friends will foregather at some secluded or safe place and enjoy an evening sniffing It. The person who procures the cocaine In quantity will sell it out by the sniff to those attending the meeting. Such functions continue all night and the nerroes think thev are havlnsr a irreat time. They 1 neither eat nor sleep so long as the cocaine holds out Cocaine Is an alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca, a small shrub of the mountains of Peru and Bolivia and cultivated In other parts of South America. The principal source of the drug as a commercial product Is the province of Yungas In Bolivia, where the bushes, which are grown on the sides of the mountains, yield three crops a year. By far the greater part of the 40,000,000 pounds produced annually la consumed at home. In Its native country H is used as a stimulant, bearing some resemblance In Its effects to tea and coffee. The Indians of South America chew It to relieve the feelings of fatigue and hunger; this habit Is an enslaving one. "We have had the common drunkard. the morphine fiend and the laudanum habitue for years but, the cocaine doper Is comparatively new. Yet every city in the United States has Its cocaine fiends. Persons who have become slaves to morphine take cocaine to lessen the use of the former drug. This makes one class of cocaine fiends, but the most numerous ones are those who take it for the pleasure that It gives. It Is a physical and mental stimulant of the strongest sort" In writing on cocalnlsm Dr. Francis X. Dercum said: "After the use of co calne over a large mucous surface, such as the nasal chambers, the patlent experiences not only local anesthesia, but a comfortable sense of warmth and well-being1 diffused over the body. Further, the nerve centres are stimulated, especially If the doses have been large, very much as they are stimulated with alcohol, save that the stimulation Is far more Intense and 9udden. "After the taking of the dose, there Is Intense excitement with increased pulse rate, accompanied by a sense of intoxication. There is a marked Increase of the nervous irritability and the ideas flow much more rapidly than normally. "The habit Is frequently established with rapidity. If the drug be withdrawn for a time or, If the patient fall of access to it, he Is seised with a feeling 01 great discomfort, of marked depression, of falntness, palpitation, and general nervousness, cocaine users Decomes excessively Irritable, snappy and short In his speech. Jerky in his manner, and exceedingly restless. Inability to work and ready fatigue are prominent symptoms. There is more or less impairment of will power and loss of memory, and the patient grows as unreliable in his statements and as reckless of the truth as the morphinist He is pale and haggard; his general nutrition Is much impaired, and his weight is below normal. Often he presents a picture of premature senility. His reflexes are exaggerated. His movements are those of unrest and constant change of position. At times his muscles are the seat of spasmodlo twltchlngs. His pupils are dilated. Frequently there is a tremor of the tongue and sometimes of the hands. His pulse is rapid and he frequently suffers from palpitation. His skin is likely to be old and moist He sleeps but little?often, indeed, insomnia persists for days. In addition, he may present various symptoms of mental confusion and delirium. Sometimes he is the victim of delusions of persecu- ? Hon. The Datient freauently believes $ that there are vermin or fleas upon his , person, or In his bed or about his fi room and he often spends a large part e of his time in bathing, rubbing, t scratching or In making efforts to rid < himself of the Imaginary pest. So t frequently is this hallucination of cu- v taneous sensibility, that a patient pre- t sentlng it is said to suffer from the f "cocaine-bug." In other words the patient Is suffering the tortures of the damned. The 8 boys In the Mule Pen know all of these e symptoms, not from personal expe- ? rlence exactly, but from seeing other e poor devils suffer. A cell full of co- t nalna flonrta la na livalv a.8 a casre of i VM,II,V ? * " ? ?J monkeys. f One day last week somebody in Qroveton summoned policemen to arrest a negress. As the patrol wagon drove into the heart of the little suburb the officers saw a negro woman. clad in one short garment, parad- t Ing up and down the middle of the street, beating the air with her hands and gliding along on her tiptoes. She t Imagined that she was about to fly. s The woman is a cocaine flend. She is * now confined to a cell at the county jail, charged with being crazy. The } cocaine-bug is after her. s The cocalpe fiend is happy until the * policemen take him from his drug and then hell is his lot. r i ne cocaine aive nan oeen auueu w Charlotte's dens of iniquity. Judges Bhannonhouse and Clarkson must befin another war.?Charlotte Observer. ARMY CZAR MU8T FEAR. Five Million Wandering Peasants Who Demand Land. Further light upon the great tragedy that is being enacted in Russia is thrown by Dr. Mackensle Wallace in the London Times, where he discusses the condition of the landless peasant, i&ys a special cable dispatch to the Mew Tork Sun. He Is now living In the open air with a company which Is >ne contingent of a vast host of 6,000,>00 trekking agriculturists. He is with i band who left their homes months igo, according to the annual custom, to seek work on the crops In other parts of the empire. They are now -eturnlng. "The lot of these wanderers," says Dr. Wallace, "Is miserable enough, Sod knows. Most of them are from Little Russia and the steppe provinces. 3ome of them travel as far as 1,000 rersts. They are absent from their tillages from two to six months, and their average wage Is 38 rubles, of which they have a minimum outlay >f 21 rubles for passport and food en route. This leaves 17 rubles, which nakes an average wage of 14 kopecks, >r 9 cents a day. Some travel by train ft fourth-class or on the slowest Volga poets part of the way, but multitudes ro on foot They spend the night wherever they happen to be when terkness falls. They suffer innumerable privations from hunger, cold, heat ind .sickness, and finally, If they sur vive. they reach their destination with ill their strength spent before they mve begun work. "'Land; give us land!' these peasants cry. Nor do they dream of compensating any of the present landown?rs whom they may dispossess. At the bottom of their hearts is the ineradicable conviction that a man who works on the land has a natural right to It, which if put in the balance igainst all the positive laws of property makes them kick the beam. 'We ire the Lord's,' they say, 'and the land is ours.' Tes; they still believe in the Lord, and before they lie down >n empty stomachs on the steppe they commit themselves by the sign of the :ross to the divine care. They believe, too, in the Blessed Virgin and the taints and in icons and heaven and roll. This steppe over which they wander loses itself in the dim horizon, where the earth and sky mingle and ire lost, and there is a mystical background encompassing these wanderers' lives, in the midst of which are superititions and portents. "In the Russian revolution what is these peasants' role? It was discovered to me by a man who had been the companion of my Journeyinfs for two lays. He forced his company upon a#, for while I was driving across the country he sprang upon me from behind a tree and made. the. demand which, almost with Impatience. I bad ong expected to hear, 'Hands up!'. It T ho A nniiMUui a I*Vft!v?r I ihould not have fired, foe I could have Mown the wretch out of existence with l puff of smoke from my cigarette. I rave seen pitiable specimens of humanity in my day, but none ever stlr-ed my compassion so profoundly as this man, and I cheerfully gave him the few rubles 1 had and some of my :lgarettes. "As be smoked he told me his history. For a political offense he had teen provided by an administrative >rder with what the peasants appro-' jrlately coil a wolfs passport, which forces him to be a perpetual wanderer on the face of the earth or such part of it as is under the dominion of the czar, reporting himself at specified police stations as he goes along, and forb)ds all the czar's subjects to give aim shelter for more than one night, [t is the curse of Cain, and certainly this man's punishment is greater than Pe can bear, although his sin was not murder, but merely complicity in printing some illegal literature which the government was making vain efforts to suppress. I am told by this wolf that he had met fewer of his kind dur ng the last four or Ave months than n earlier times. "But during many years the revoluilonary leaders have found use for Jiese men, although the government las none. They have ordained them peripatetic missionaries to the perlpa:etlc peasants. They supply the peaaints with revolutionary pamphlets for llssemlnatlon In their villages on their return. They teach them the 'Marselalse' and other revolutionary songs, ecount to them the heroic deeds of the evolutionary martyrs who by revolver Lnd bomb have executed judgment lpon the oppressors of the people and llstrlbute highly colored and still more lighly Imaginative pictures of the FYench revolution to teach those who :&nnot read how they ought to act rhis man Is himself a living picture vhlch no one who has seen it can easly forget. "Great numbers of these wandering peasants are sometimes to be found nassed together. On May 9, for ex imple, 24,000 of them gathered at the 3t. Nicholas fair In Kahovka, and vhere there are missionaries wolves ire also found. Thus 5,000,000 peasints are being made propagandists of he revolutionary faith. By the end of October they will have returned to heir villages with literature In their vallets, songs In their memories and >ltterness In their hearts, a firebrand ivery man." John Obeyed.?Mrs. P. was a very item woman, who demanded Instant ind unquestioned obedience from her ihlldren, says Chums. One afternoon is she was working In her sewing room l storm came up, and she sent her son lohn to close the trap leading to the lat roof of the house. "But, mother"?said John. "John, I told you to shut the trap." "Yes, but, mother"? "John, shut that trap!" "All right, mother, if yon say so, >ut"? "John!" John slowly climbed the stairs and ihut the trap. The afternoon went by, md the storm howled and raged. Two tours later the family gathered for ea, and when the meal was half over Vunt Mary, who was staying with lira. F., had not appeared. Mrs. F. itarted an Investigation. She did not lave to ask many questions. John aniwered the first one. "Please, mother, she is upon the oof."