Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, September 11, 1906, Image 1
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L. m. qrist'8 sohs. Pabudwr.. J % cfarailg gemsjiapfr: Jfor thg fromolion of thg political, focial, &gricnltnt[al and fltowmtiitial gntcrcats of Ihg |topl<. {TEI"'amo>L?taAri,BnraNc^A'":?'
ESTABLISHED 1855~ YORKVILLE, 9. C., TUESDAY, 8EPTEM BER 11, ?-hbbhshshs^
OLD TIME
HOI
Leading Features Just the
Back Lo
A MATCH BETWEE1
Judge Longstreet's Story of Fa
Repeated In York Count;
out Much Improvement.
From Georgia Scenes, Published by H
During the session of the supreme
court in the village of , about
three weeks ago, when a number of
people were collected in the principal
street of the village, I observed a young
man riding up and down the street, as
I supposed, in a violent passion. He
galloped this way, then that, and then
the other; spurred his horse to one
group of citlsens, then to another;
then dashed off at half-speed, as if
fleeing from danger; and, suddenly
checking his horse, returned first in
a pace, then in a trot, and then in a
canter. While he was performing these
various evolutions he cursed, swore,
whnnned. screamed, and tossed himself
in every attitude which man could assume
on horseback. In short, he cavorted
anost magnanimously * (a term
which, in our tongue, expresses all that
I have described, and a little more),
and seemed to be setting all creation
at defiance. As I liked to see all that
is passing, I determined to take a position
a little nearer to him, and to
ascertain, if possible, what it was that
affected him so sensibly. Accordingly
I approached a crowd before which he
stopped for a moment, and examined
it with the strictest scrutiny. But I
could see nothing in it that seemed to
have anything to do with the c&vorter.
Every man appeared to be in good humor,
and all minding their own business.
Not one so much as noticed the
nrliu>lnkl flmr*. Still h# went On. I
After a semicolon pause, which my appearance
seemed to produce (for he
eyed me closely as I approached), he
fetched a whoop, and swore that "he
could out-swap any live man. woman,
or child that ever walked these hills,
or that ever straddled horseflesh since
the days of old daddy Adam. Stranger."
said he to me, "did you ever see
the Tallow Blossom from Jasper?"
"No," said I, "but I have often heard
of him."
"I'm the boy," continued he; "perhaps
a leetle, jlst a leetle, of the best
man at a horse-swap that ever trod
shoe-leather."
I began to feel my situation a little
awkward, when I was relieved by a
man somewhat advanced In years, who
stepped up and began to survey the
Tellow Blossom's horse with much apparent
interest This drew the rider's
attention, and he turned the conversation
from me to the stranger.
"Well, my old coon," said he, "do
you want to swap hosses?"
"Why, I don't know," replied the
stranger; "I believe I've got a beast 1,'d
trade with you for that one. If you like
him."
"Well, fetch up your nag, my old
cook; you're Just the lark I wanted to
get hold of. I am perhaps a leetle, Jlst
a leetle. of the best man at a horseswap
that ever stole cracklings out of
his mammy's fat gourd. Where's your
hogs ?"
"I'll bring him presently; but I want
to examine your horse a little."
"Oh. look at him," said the Blossom,
alighting and hitting him a cut?"look
at him! He's the best piece of hossflesh
in the thirteen united unlvarsal
worlds. There's no sort o' mistake in
little Bullet He can pick up miles
on his feet, and fling 'em behind him
as fast as the next man's hoss, 1 don't
wKnro hn nnmno from A n H Ha
can keep at It as long as the sun can
shine without resting."
During this harangue little Bullet
looked as If he understood It all, believed
It, and was ready at any moment
to verify It. He was a horse of
goodly countenance, rather expressive
of vigilance than flre; though an unnatural
appearance of fierceness was
thrown Into It by the loss of his ears,
which had been cropped pretty close to
his head. Nature had done but little
for Bullet's head and neck; but he
managed. In a great measure, to hide
their defects by bowing perpetually, j
He had obviously suffered severely for
corn; but if his ribs and hip-bones had
not disclosed the fact, he never would
have done it; for he was in all respects
as cheerful and happy as if he commanded
all the corn-cribs and fodderstacks
in Georgia. His height was
about twelve hands; but as his shape
partook somewhat of that of the giraffe,
his haunches stood much lower.
They were short, strait, peaked, and
concave. Bullet's tail, however, made
amends for all his defects. All that
the artist could do to beautify it had
been done; and all that horse could
dc to compliment the artist, Bullet did.
His tail was nicked in superior style,
rmd exhibited the line of beauty in so
many directions that it could not fail
to hit the most fastidious taste in
some of them. From the root it
dropped into a graceful festoon, then
rose in handsome curve, then resumed
its first direction, and then mounted
suddenly upward like a cypress knee
to a perpendicular of about two and a
half Inches. The whole had a careless
and bewitching inclination to the right.
Bullet obviously knew where his beauty
lay, and took all occasions to display
it to the best advantage. If a
sMr?lr rmrkprt nr if anv one moved sud
denly about him, or coughed, or hawked,
or spoke a little louder than common,
up went Bullet's tall like lightning;
and If the going up did not
please, the coming down must of necessity,
for It was as different from the
other movement as was its direction.
The first was a bold and rapid flight
upward, usually to an angle of 45 degrees.
In this position he kept his interesting
appendage until he satisfied
himself that nothing in particular was
to be done; when he commenced dropping
it by half Inches, in second beats,
then In triple time, then faster and
shorter, and faster and shorter still,
until it finally died away imperceptibly
into its natural position. If I might
iSE SWAP.
Same as They Are In the
ts Today.
* KIT AND BULLET.
imous Trade In Georgia Is Still
y With Variations; But With
arper & Brothers.
compare sights to sounds, I should say
its settling was more like the note of
a locust than anything else in nature.
Either from native sprightliness of
disposition, from uncontrollable activity,
or from an unconquerable habit of
removing flies by the stamping of the
feet. Bullet never stood still, but always
kept up a gentle fly-scaring
movement of his limbs, which was peculiarly
interesting.
"I tell you, man," proceeded the Tellow
Blossom, "he's the best live hoss
that ever trod the grit of Georgia. Bob
Smart knows the hoss. Come here,
Bob, and mount this hoss, and show
Bullet's motions." Here Bullet bristled
up, and looked as if he had been hunting
for Bob all day long, and had just
found him. Bob sprang on his back.
"Boo-oo-oo!" said Bob, with a fluttering
noise of the lips, and away went
Bullet as if in a quarter race, with all
his beauties spread in handsome style.
"Now fetch hlra hack," said Blossom.
Bullet turned and came tn pretty much
as he went out
"Now trot him by." Bullet reduced
his tall to customary, sidled to the
right and left airily, and exhibited at
least three varieties of trot in the
short space of fifty yards.
"Make him pace!" Bob commenced
twitching the bzrldle and kicking at
the same time. These Inconsistent
movements obviously (and most
naturally) disconcerted Bullet ; for
It was impossible for him to learn
from them whether he was to
proceed or stand still. He started
to trot, and was told that wouldn't do.
He attempted a canter, and was checked
again. He stopped, and was urged
to go on. Bullet now rushed Into the
wide field of experiment, and struck
out a gait of his own that completely
turned the tables upon hiB rider, and
certainly deserved a patent It seemed
to have derived its elements from the
jig, the minuet, and the cotillon. If
It was not a pace. It certainly had pace 1
In It and no man would venture to
call it anything else; so It passed off
to the satisfaction of the owner.
"Walk him!" Bullet was now at
home again, and he walked as if raon- .
ey were staked on fc'm.
The stranger, wrhose name I afterwards
learned was Peter Ketch, having
examlneu Bullet to his heart's content,
ordered his son Neddy to go and
Dring up tut. XNeaay soon appeared
upon Kit, a well-formed sorrel of the
middle size, and in good order. His
tout-ensemble threw Bullet entirely In
the shade, though a glance was sufficient
to satisfy any one that Bullet had
the decided advantage of him in point
of intellect.
"Why, man," said Blossom, "do you
bring such a hoss as that to trade for
Bullet? Oh, I see, you've no notion of
trading!"
"Ride him off, Neddy!" said Peter.
Kit put off at a handsome lope.
"Trot him back!" Kit came in at a
long, sweeping trot, and stopped suddenly
at the crowd.
"Well," said Blossom, "let me look at
him; maybe he'll do to plough."
"Examine him," said Peter, taking
hold of the bridle close to the mouth;
"he's nothing but a tacky. He ain't as
pretty a horse as Bullet, I know, but
he'll do. Start 'em together for a hundred
and fifty mile, and if Kit ain't
twenty mile ahead of him at the com
Ing out, any man may take Kit for
nothing. But he's a monstrous mean
horse, gentlemen; any man may see
that. He's the scariest horse, too, you
ever saw. He won't do to hunt on, nohow.
Stranger, will you let Neddy
have your rifle to shoot off him? Lay
the rifle between his ears, Neddy, and
shoot at the blaze In that stump. Tell
me when his head Is high enough."
Ned fired and hit the blaze, and Kit
did not move a hair's breadth.
"Neddy, take a couple of sticks, and
beat on that hogshead at Kit's tail."
Ned made a tremendous rattling, at
which Bullet took fright, broke his bridle.
and dashed off in grand style, and
would have stopped all further negotiations
by going home In disgust, had
not a traveler arrested him and
brought him back; but Kit did not
move.
"I tell you, gentlemen," continued
Peter, "he's the scariest horse you ever
saw. He ain't as gentle as Bullet, but
he won't do any harm If you watch
him. Shall I put him in a cart, gig, or
waeon for vou. stranger? He'll cut
the same capers there he does here.
He's a monstrous mean horse."
During all this time Blossom was examining
him with the nicest scrutiny.
Having examined his frame and limbs,
he now looked at his eyes.
"He's got a curious look out of his
eyes," said Blossom.
"Oh yes, sir," said Peter, "Just as
blind as a bat. Blind horses always
have clear eyes. Make a motion at
his eyes, if you please, sir."
Blossom did so, and Kit threw up his
head rather as if something pricked
him under the chin than as if fearing
a blow. Blossom repeated the experiment,
and Kit jerked back in considerable
astonishment.
"Stone blind, you see, gentlemen,"
proceeded Peter; "but he's just as good
to travel of a dark night as if he had
eyes."
"Blame my buttons," said Blossom,
"If I likp thf>m pvps!"
"No." said Peter, "nor I neither. I'd
rather have 'em made of diamonds;
but they'll do?if they don't show as
much white as Bullet's."
"Well," said Blossom, "make a pass
at me."
"No," said Peter, "you made the banter,
now make your pass."
"Well, I'm never afraid to price my
hosses. You must give me twenty-flve
dollars boot."
"Oh, certainly; say fifty, and my
saddle and bridle In. Here, Neddy, my
son, take away daddy's horse."
"Well," said Blossom, "I've made my
pass, now you make yours."
"I'm for short talk in a horse-swap,
and therefore always tell a gentleman
at once what I mean to do. You give
me ten dollars."
Blossom swore absolutely, roundly,
and profanely that he never would give
boot.
"Well," said Peter, "I didn't care
aW*v??4< Knf wah Aiif aii/ih ItlcrVi
lauuui iiauui5 , uui jv/u vuw ouvu uiqu
[shines that I thought I'd like to back
you out, and I've done it. Gentlemen,
you see I've brought him to a haek."
"Come, old man," said Blossom,
"I've been joking with you. I begin to
think you do want to trade; therefore,
give me Ave dollars and take Bulled
I'd rather lose ten dollars any time
than not make a trade, though I hate
to fling away a good hoss."
"Well," said Peter, 'Til be as clever
as you are. Just put the Ave dollars
on Bullet's back, and hand him over;
It's a trade."
Blossom swore again, as roundly as
before, that he would not give boot;
and, said he, "Bullet would't hold Ave
dollars on his back nohow. But, as
I bantered you, If you say an even
swap, Here's at'you."
"I told you," said Peter, "I'd be as
clever as you;; therefore, here goes
two dollars more, just for trade sake.
Give me three dollars, and it's a bargain."
Blossom repeated his former assertion;
and here the parties stood for a
long time, and the by-standers (for
many were now collected) began to
taunt both parties. After some time,
however. It was pretty unanimously decided
that the old man had backed
Blossom out.
At length Blossom swore he "never
would be backed out for three dollars
after bantering a man;" and, accordingly,
they closed the trade.
"Now," said Blossom, as he handed
Peter the three dollars, "I'm a man
that, when he makes a bad trade,
makes the most of It until he can make
a better. I'm for no rues and afterclaps.'
"That's Just my way," said Peter;
"I never goes to law to mend my bargains."
"Ah, you're the kind of boy I love to
trade with. Here's your hoss, old man.
Take the saddle and bridle off him,
and I'll strip yours; but lift up the
blanket easy from Bullet's back, for
he's a mighty tender-backed hoss."
The old man removed the saddle,
but the blanket stuck fast. He attempted
to raise It, and Bullet bowed
himself, switched his tail. dancefl a little,
and gave signs of biting.
"Don't hurt him, old man," said Blossom,
archly; "take It off easy. I am,
perhaps, a leetle of the best man at a
horse-swap that ever catched a coon."
Peter continued to pull at the blanket
more and more 'roughly, and Bullet became
more and more cavortish, insomuch
that, when the blanket came off,
he had reached the kicking' point in
good earnest.
The removal of the blanket disclosed
? oArA Dullftt'o KanlfKnno that aonm.
CL OVIC UU 1JUllVt a WavnWMV v??v wv??
ed to have defied all medical skill. It
measured six full Inches in length and
four in breadth, and had as many features
as Bullet had motions. My heart
sickened at the sight; and I felt tha*.
the brute who had been riding him in
that situation deserved the halter.
The prevailing feeling, however, was
that of mirth. The laugh became loud
and general at the old man's expense,
and rustic witticisms were liberally
bestowed upon him and his late purchase.
These Blossom continued to
provoke by various remarks. He asked
the old man "if he thought Bullet
wuuiu lei live uuuaio iiv uu mo uaciv.
He declared most seriously that he
had owned that horse three months,
and had never discovered before that
he had a sore back, "or he never
should have thought of trading him,"
etc., etc.
The old man bore it all with the
most philosophic composure. He
evinced no astonishment at his late
discovery, and made no replies. But
his son Neddy had not disciplined his
feelings quite so well. His eyes opened
wider and wider from the first to the
last pull of the blanket, and when the
whole sore burst upon his view, astonishment
and fright seemed to contend
for the mastery of his countenance.
As the blanket disappeared, he stuck
his hand in his breeches pockets, heaved
a deep sigh, and lapsed into a profound
reverie, from which he was only
roused by the cuts at his father. He
bore them as long as he could; and,
when he could contain himself no longer,
he began, with a peculiar interest
to what he uttered: "His back's mighty
bad off; but dod drot my soul if he's
put it to daddy as bad as he thinks he
has, for old Kit's both blind and deef,
I'll be dod drot If he eln't!'
"The devil he Is!" said Blossom.
"Yes. dod drot my soul if he eln't!
You walk him, and see if he eln't. His
eyes don't look like It;; but he'd jlst
as leve go agin the house with you, or
In a ditch, as anyhow. Now you go try
him." The laugh was now turned on
Blossom, and many rushed to test the
fidelity of the little boy's report. A few
experiments established its truth beyond
controversy.
"Neddy," said the old man, "you
oughtn't to try and make people discontented
with their things. Stranger,
don't mind what the little boy says.
If you can only get Kit rid of them little
fallings you'll find him all sorts of
a horse. You are a leetle the best man
at a horse-swap that ever I got hold
of; but don't fool away Kit. Come,
Neddy, my son, let's be moving; the
stranger seems to be getting snappish."
Ha.ll.
No Heaven For Him.?The opportunity
to "speak out In meetln' " was
never more eagerly grasped than by
a youngster of five, says the Chicago
Record-Herald, who recently accompanied
his mother to a revival
meeting at one of the southslde
churches. He had reached the
"fidgety stage 01 eniorcea quiei,
when the minister called upon all
the members of his flock who desired
to live a better life and enter
the promised land to signify the same
by standing. Noticing the child remained
seated, the worthy reverend
walked down the aisle and stopped
beside him, at the same time gently
inquiring: "My dear little boy, you
want to go to heaven, too, don't
you?"
"No, I don't!" quickly came the reply
in tones perfectly audible to the
entire congregation. "I want to go
home, and pretty blamed quick, too!"
Needless to say, his desire was
granted. I
SOUTH CftROLH
f
How the Spirit of Libert;
Uneonqnera
By RE V. ROBER'
From the Yorkvllle Enquirer of 11171
I
INSTALLMENT XXX.
The Battle of Cowpene.
Everything In thlB world Is attended
with uncertainty. When the British
captured Savannah and Charleston
and In a Bhort time after literally demolished
the army of Oeneral Gates at
Camden, the people of Great Britain
iwere jubilant. They thought the blow
iiad been struck which would reduce
the American colonies into subjection
to the British crown. The British officers
in South Carolina thought thsy
:iad nothing to do now, but by easy
marches advance as far as Chesapeake.
This done. Georgia, South Carolina,
North Carolina and Virginia,
would be reduced to hopeless servitude
to the majesty of Great Britain. Tie
plan adopted by the British commander
was to advance through the country,
establish garrison's at convenient
places, and thus keep in subjection the
territory overrun. The military posts
were designed to be so many places
of rendezvous for the Tories and loyalists.
His majesty's troops were expected
to live on plunder.
ThiB was not the dream of mere
novices In the art of war. It was the
device of officers of whom England Is
today Justly proud. American liberty
is enhanced In value, when we reflect
that it was won by raw militia against
officers trained In the best schools of
Europe. Those who talk about Corawall
is, Tarleton and Rawdon as fools
and cowards, suffer their judgment to
be perverted to blind prejudice. No
braver man ever drew a sword or commanded
a military organization than
he who fell on King's Mountain. No
man understood better how to make a
victory complete than Tarleton. To
out general Cornwallis or out fight
Tarleton is the highest encomium that
can be passed upon any officer. To
thwart the purposes and disconcert the
plans of these men as our fathers did.
Is sufficient to write their names on the
highest niche of military fame. Those
who say that the British officers were
destitute of military skill and that the
British soldiers they led were cowards,
either have never studied the history
of the Revolutionary war or have studied
it to no purpose.
That Cornwallls might be enabled to
ekecute with ease and promptness his
plans for subjugating the whole of the
Iouthern colonies, and consequently
11 the American colonies, General Leslie
was sent Uy General Clinton from
New York with a corps of three thousand
choice troops to the Chesapeake.
Leslie set out from New York about
the 10th of October and landed at
Portsmouth, Va., about the middle of
the same month. The object for which
General Leslie was sent to Virginia,
was to destroy all the public property
belonging to the Americans and prevent
General Washington from sending
any forces to the assistance of the partisan
leaders in the south.
These plans of the British officers
were concocted immediately after the
fall of Charleston and matured and attempted
to be put in execution on the
defeat of Gates at Camden. Cornwallls
expected to advance to Charlotte
where he would meet the brave Patrick
Ferguson, and having established
and fortified Charlotte In a way similar
to Camden, he would then advance on
io runsmuuwi.
In the meantime the Whigs of Georgia
and the two Carolinas were not icily
pining over past misfortunes. Their
defeats had only stimulated them to
invincible energy. On the seventh of
October?a few days after Cornwallis
reached Charlotte?Patrick Ferguson
and his whole army were surrounded on
King's Mountain and literally annihilated.
A chasm was made in the plans
of the British chieftain which no strategy
could span. The advance in the direction
of Virginia was impossible under
the existing circumstances. The
region around Charlotte swarmed with
Scotch-Irish Whigs. To remain in
that locality was to jeopardize his
whole command. Following the dictates
of a wise policy, he retr. ated to
Winnsboro and ordered Genera, Leslie
to leave Portsmouth and Join him in
South Carolina. This must have been
sad news to Leslie. He had expected
to hear of Cornwallis far on his way
to Virginia when he landed at Portsmouth.
Heretofore every victory had
crowned every effort of the British and
nothing but apparent defeat attended
the undertaking of the Americana
The country was not as we have
already seen, subdued. Partisan leaders
had sprung up in all sections of
the state. These were followed by men
who were ready to suffer and die for
their bleeding country. Marion and
his men were lurking in the swamps
of the Santee and Black rivers, ready
whenever an opportunity presented itself
to emerge from their watery hiding
places and pour destruction and
death into the ranks of the invading
foe. Sumter and his Illustrious coadjutors
were in upper and western
South Carolina, breaking up military
posts and slaughtering the troops of
the active and valiant Tarleton. Immediately
before the battle of King's
Mountain, it seemed as if the sun of
American liberty had gone down to rise
no more. It was only the darkness
wnich precedes a rising sun.
On the Sabbath morning after Patrick
Ferguson slept his last sleep on
the rocky summit of King's Mountain,
the sun rose as It had never been seen
to rise before by the Americans. The
tide of victory had turned. From this
time onward It continued to flow In favor
of the patriots, until It terminated
In the Imposing sight of General
O'Hara surrendering the sword of Earl
Cornwallls to General Lincoln at
Yorktown.
Until General Leslie would arrive,
Cornwallls was obliged to remain at
Wlnnsboro. He did not however, abandon
his original plan to advance northward
through North Carolina and Virginia.
Soon after Leslie was called
south from Virginia, the traitor, Arnold
was sent thither with a considerable
force. He laid the country waste
AIR
RE RIVOUITtOR
-f
y Was Kept Alive By an
ible People.
r LATHAN, r>. D.
with Are and sword. He fought with
the same mad desperation now for the
Dtiuan mat ne nua once lougni againHi
them. Rather he now (ought against
Hberty as recklessly as he had once
(ought valiantly (or it.
A junction o( the (orces under Cornurallls
and Arnold would have ruined
(he cause o(^American liberty. With
the (orces o( his command, It was all
that Oornwallls could do to hold his
own. He contemplated advancing Into
North Carolina, but not by the way of
&1iarlotte. It was his Intention to pass
up Broad river and thus flank the
Scotch-Irish of the "Hornet's Nest" region.
This move he designed making
so soon as he was joined by General
Leslie and his forces.
; On the thirteenth of December General
Leslie landed at Charleston. Here
be found orders directing him to join
Comwallls with all possible speed with
one thousand five hundred and thirty
men. Cornwallls needed the whole of
Qie forces under the command of General
l^eslle; but in order to protect
Charleston it was necessary to leave
qpe half at that point. This shows
what a turn things had taken after
t le battle of King's Mountain. The
1 ritlslt felt they were not safe behind
t ielr own fortifications. Several days
i^e-.e speni in procuring irausponation
wagons and horses,
t On the nineteenth of December, Qen. s
ijeslle set out to join Cornwallls by 1
#iy cf Camden. As early as the first 1
of November, Cornwallls had begun c
to imJce preparation for his advance *
Into North Carol'na. Emissaries had 0
been uent Into various portions of the
country to stir up the loyalists and c
ascertain the feeling of the Inhabitants.
The British were not easy. They could 1
not feel that they were altogether safe.
The emissaries could learn nothing of a
any importance favorable to the British
and besides the country abounded "
With floating rumors of the hostile
movements of the Americans. A report
was brought to Cornwallls that
the "mountain men" were collecting
with the intention of making an attack *
upon Ninety-Six. The horrors of
King's Mountain presented themselves
to Earl Cornwallls and to prevent "
Ninety-Six from experiencing a similar 1
*te with Ferguson and his men, Tarleton
was sent out to look after these
"mountain men." The rumor had no 1
foundation but in the fears of those
who ilrst reported it and those who a
afterward circulated It. k
Finding that the report of the ad- a
vance of the "mountain men" had no v
foundation in fact, Tarleton a short
time lifter the battle of Blackstock, I
Ar\T9tw\ onH namnnH AH thft AfLflt 8
side of Broad river at what was then J
Brierly's ferry. At Winnsboro, Corn- t
wallls was making: all preparations for t
the contemplated move Into North Car- 1
olina. The country was scoured in c
search of horses to mount his soldiers c
and craw his baggage wagons. The &
sick who had been quartered in private *
families in the neighborhood were n
brought into camp, and the arms and (
ammunition got in readiness for a u
campaign. f
Whilst the British general was thus r
actively engaged in preparing for the s
reduction of the country, the American d
officers w,ere not idle. General Gates s
had collected the fragments of his v
army at Hillsborough, North Carolina.
Here the troops had been reorganized, a
The Maryland and Delaware lines b
were consolidated and put under the e
command of Otho Holland Williams. J
The remains of those regiments, for- n
raerly commanded by Baylor, Qland and r
Moyls.nd, together with some recruits a
were embodied into one regiment and o
put under the command of Lieutenant 1
Colonel William Washington. About (
the same time, Daniel Morgan was t
made brigadier general and assigned to r
the southern army. Recruits from Virginia
joined Gates about the same ii
time. A division of North Carolina (
militia under Sumner and Davidson as a
well as a volunteer corps under Davie, r
had taken the held. j
After the unfortunate battle of Cam- <3
den, congress either having lost confl- I
dence In General Gates or having v
grown wise enough to correct a former (
error, determined to supply his place f
with a more efficient man. The honor I
of making the selection was awarded J
to the commander-in-chief. General t
Washington selected for his important h
field Nathaniel Greene, at that time i
quarter-master general. Gen. Greene p
was assigned to the command of the t
southern army on the thirtieth of Oc- 1
tober 1780. He resigned the office of n
quarter-master gener.l and set out at a
once for the south. General Gates had t
moved his headquarters from Hillsbor- c
ough to Charlotte. General Greene ar- r
rived at Charlotte on the second of a
December and on the next day formal- g
ly took command of the southern h
forces. It was only the frame work of (
an a -my consisting as It did of only d
four thousand five hundred troops, a o
large number of which were undlscl- g
pllned militia. After having made the h
necessary arrangement for supplies, ii
General Greene divided his army Into f
two detachments. One was to take
post on the right of Cornwallls and ti
the ether on the left?the detachment c
on the right to be commanded by 1
Greene himself and to be stationed In o
Ches erfleld county, on Hicks' creek, d
This post was about seventy miles r
from Wlnnsboro, the headquarters of v
Corn.vallis. The detachment on the t
left to be commanded by General Mor- ii
gan was to be stationed In Spartanburg p
county, between the Pacolet and Broad v
rivers. c
It would seem that neither the Amer- t
leans nor the British had any correct r
Idea of each others' Intentions. General t
Greene probably did not know that Les- f
lie had left Portsmouth; nor did Corn- c
wall Is know that Greene had been as- f
signed to the command of the southern g
army. It would only be conjecture to f
say why General Greene divided his 1
army Into two detachments. One week t
after General Leslie landed at Charles- a
ton, Greene set out for Cheraw and t
Morgan for the region between the
Pacolet and Broad rivers.
General Morgan and Colonel Washington
having but recently returned
from a tour in the region around Camden,
in which thqy captured a British
post at Rugeley's Mill, making the
commander, Colonel Rugeley and one
hundred men prisoners, set out for the
region Theyond Broad riyer. On the
evening of the twentieth and morning
>f the twenty-first of December, Morgan
and Washington crossed Catawba
river at Wright's ferry, and joined
Lacey at his camp on Turkey creek in
fork county. Lacey and his men
jruKe up camp auu accumpauicu crcu>ral
Morgan. The American force now
inder the command of Morgan, consisted
of four hundred continental infantry
and about one hundred cavalry,
:ogether with about five hundred mlltia.
Near the last of December, Morran
encamped in the neighborhood of
Pacolet Springs, In Spartanburg couny.
From this point Washington with
lis cavalry was frequently sent out to
icattcr small parties of Tories and deitroy
the military depots of the Brltsh.
These excursions of Washington
Llarmed Earl Cornwallls. The counry
was full of Tories and British solliers
who prowled through the country
inder the command of Bill Cunnlnglam
or his subalterns. These parties
cept the Whig settlers in continual ter or.
To break up these gangs of highway
robbers and bloody scouts was a
tart of Colonel Washington's duty. In
tome of his expeditions daring feats of
ndivldual courage were exhibited. One
will suffice as a specimen of the whole.
On one occasion a son of "Greene
Srin" by the name of Sam Clowney
:ame in contact with eight British solders,
all lusty fellows, armed to the
eeth. These Sam managed by adroltle.ss,
to capture and march for eight
nlles Into Morgan's camp. On pre
lentlng the result of his day's work,
leneral Morgan asked with no little
lurprise, "How on earth Sam did you
nanage to capture eight men?" With
hat promptness for which the natives
if the Emerald Isle are noted, he redied,
"Faith may It please your hon>r,
I surrounded them."
Determined to put a stop to Morgan's
iperations, Corawallls sent out Tarleon
with his famous legion. At this
toint commenced a movement thrlllngly
Interesting from the beginning
.nd triumphant in its end?the surrenler
of Comwalll8 at Yorktown, on the
lineteenth of October, 1781.
The plan of the campaign which was
levised by Lieutenant Colonel Tarleon
and submitted to Cornwallls and
iy him approved, was for Tarleton to
iush Morgan beyond the Yadkin and
hus leave the country open for an enrance
into North Carolina. So soon as
tarleton would move toward Morgan,
he main army was to move from
Vlnnsboro up the ridge which divides
he waters of Catawba from those of
Honora 1 TmIU In nrriAr
o deceive Qeneral Qreene was to move
.long the eastern aide of the Catawba,
:e*plng opposite Cornwallls. The point
,t which the three forces were to unite,
fas King's Mountain.
On Sabbath, the sixth of January,
jord Cornwallls with the main army
et out from Wlnnsboro for King's
fountain. Little did he and his troops
hlnk of what sad misfortunes awaited
hem. That he might co-operate with
tarleton in driving away Morgan, he 1
ommenoed his march before that oflier
crossed Broad river. The undertanding
between Tarleton and Cornwallls
was that the latter with the
nain army would be at Bullock's
Jreek church, in Tork county, on Satirday
night after he left Wlnnsboro.
''or some reason Cornwallls failed to
neet his engagement and strange to
ay gave Tarleton no intimation of his
lelay on the way. Cornwallls stopped
it Bull Run in Chester county, to
wait for Leslie.
Cornwallls approved of the plan in
.11 Its details as suggested by Tarleton,
iut strange as It may appear, neglectd
to carry It out. On the eleventh of
anuary, Tarleton commenced his
narch up Broad river and although the
oads were very bad pressed forward
.nd crossed the river near the mouth
if Turkey creek on the fourteenth,
['he orders which he had received from
;ornwal)ls were to "push Morgan to
he utmost." These orders he deternined
to carry out to the letter.
On the next day he gained certain
ntelllgence of the position of Morgan.
)n hearing of Tarleton's approach
.nd his superior force, Morgan at first
etreated. This was what Tarleton exacted.
His plan now was either to
lestroy Morgan, or drive him across
Jroad river, into the hands of Cornvallls,
who he thought was at Bullock's
?reek church. The plan was good but
ailed in its execution. On the evenKir
r\t the nivteenth Tarleton reached
Morgan's camp, but found no one
here. Morgan had left It only a few
lours before Tarleton arrived. L?eavng
his baggage at this point, Tarleton
tushed forward with all possible speed,
aking a circuitous route as If intendng
to flank Morgan. He marched all
light. About midnight a rumor of the
dvance of some "mountain men" dlsurbed
Tarleton's thoughts and he conluded
that It was safest to push dlectly
after Morgan and bring on an
.ction before the junction with Mor;an
of the "mountain men" of whom
le had heard and whom he dreaded.
)n he pushed, as If his very existence
lepended upon engaging Morgan at
nee. He scarcely expected that Moran
would dare to encounter him alone,
lence he thought that all he had to do
n order to capture Morgan and all his
orce, was to get up with them.
At eight o'clock on the morning of
he seventeenth Tarleton and his force (
air.e in sight of the American camp,
rarleton was disappointed. Instead
f finding Morgan retreating In dlsorler,
men were drawn up in battle ar- (
ay. Morgan was one of those men
kho always retreat reluctantly. On
he evening before, he had determined
n his mind to retreat no further. The
dace where Morgan was encamped
ras called the "Cowpens." A ridge (
rossed the road at right angles. In
he rear of this ridge Is another similar
ldge, about four hundred yards disant.
The location was by no means
avorable for such a force as that
ommanded by Morgan. It was more
avorable for Tarleton than for Moran.
Tarleton had a strong cavalry
orce, whilst Morgan had only eighty,
'here was nothing for Morgan's flanks
o rest upon. Everything was favorble
for Tarleton. All his troops were
tied soldiers whilst the majority of ,
Morgan's were militia. Military men.
perhaps would ^ave advised Morgan
not to risk a battle. One of the characteristics
of Mnr,ran was that he always
depended upon his own judgr
ment. Tarleton concluded that the only
reason that Morgan had determined to
risk a battle, was the fact that he was
so closely pursued that he could not do
otherwise than fight Such however,
was not the case. Morgan had contemplated
lighting at the Pacolet on
the 15th, but retreated that he might
gain some advantage.
When the British force came in sight,
Morgan's men had breakfasted and
were ready for the conflict. On the
evening before, Morgan had ordered
Aar>h rifleman tn nt twentv-four
rounds of powder and ball prepared before
he retired to rest The order In
which the troops should be arranged
for battle was also written out and
read to the officers on the evening before.
The troops were marshalled in
accordance with the following order:
The Georgia and Carolina militia, In
front. These were commanded by McDowell,
Cunningham, Hammond and
Donnelly. Immediately In the rear of
the militia, was Colonel Howard's com- ,
mand, which consisted of the continental
Infantry and two companies of
Virginia militia. These last were com- j
manded by Taite and Trlplett. On
the left of Howard, was Pickens com- (
mand; on the right Trlplett and Beaty. ,
Colonel Washington with the cavalry
was stationed In the rear. The horses
belonging to the Infantry were tied at {
a convenient distance in the rear of |
the whole.
Tarleton's vanguard advanced and
deployed across the road, with a ravine
between them and the American front
line. The artillery was placed on the
road a short distance In the rear of the
advance guard. The cavalry was divided
and stationed In thp rear to the
right and lert or tne roaa. in uie rear
and In a line parallel with the cavalry. ,
was placed the seventy-first regiment, ,
under Major McArthur as a reserve.
Before the battle commenced, Mor- ,
gan spent a few moments In exhorting ,
his men to do their duty and the vietory
was sure. About nine o'clock Tarlet
on, who was In the front line of the j
British, gave the order to advance.
With a shout the column rushed for- ,
ward, expecting the American militia ,
to break and flee In confusion. In this ,
they were disappointed. The militia |
stood firm and when the British came ]
within range, discharged a well aimed <
volley which thinned the ranks of the |
enemy. The British pressed forward, ,
shouting and filing incessantly. The |
militia fell back to the ranks of the ,
line commanded by Pickens. The Brit- ,
Ish now rushed forward with bayonets.. ,
The militia now fell back to the aecond
line and those under McCall fled
to the horses. This however, produoed
no disturbance for Morgan thinking |
that the militia would give way, had
declared it as a part of his plan that
the militia were to Are and fall back. ,
Tarletou seeing the militia giving way, ,
ordered a general charge. The Amer- i
leans met him with a firmness which ,
would have done credit to any troops. ,
The contest was fearful and the result {
doubtful. Soon the line of the ene- ,
my began to bend. McArthur now |
brought up his reserves. This an I mat- (
ed the yielding British and the contest ,
was renewed. Never did me:i fight
harder. Everything was done by both (
parties that could be done and the contest
was in fearful doubts. "McArthur
attempted to gain Howard's flank.
Howard ordered his first company to
charge the British. -The company mistaking
the command to charge for an
order to fall back, the whole line now
began to retreat in disorder. Morgan
with the greatest presence of mind ordered
it to fall fack behind the cavalry
and halt This checked the retreat
Tarleton ordered another charge.
When the British had approached
within a short distance of Howard's
men they were ordered to face about
and fire. This they did and literally
covered the ground with wounded and
dead British. The living were brought
to a halt. Howard seeing thla ordered
hl? men to rherve them with the baVO
net. This decided the day In favor of
the Americans. The British infantry
were in the utmost confusion.
Some of Tarleton's cavalry had gained
the rear and were slaughtering McCall'u
militia by the wholesale. Colonel
Washington saw the condition In which
things were and dashed In upon the
cavalry of the enemy and put them to
flight. The British infantry and cavalry
were now so mixed up that it was
impossible to rally them. The few of
the British who were not wounded or
killed fled in every direction, each man
for himself.
The history of the Revolutionary
war contains no more wonderful battle
than that of the Cowpens. The advantages
at the outset were all on the side
of the British and yet the gains in the
end were all on the side of the Americans.
The American loss was twelve
killed and forty-eight wounded. The
British loss, by their own account was
one hundred killed and Ave hundred
and twenty-three taken prisoners. The
spoils which fell Into the hands of the
Americans were all the enemy's baggage,
thirty-five baggage wagons, eight
hundred horses, two standards, two
pieces of artilley and eight hundred
muskets. The victory was Just as
complete as any victory could be.
Tarleton filled with sorrow, fled from
the battlefield and never stopped until
he crossed Broad river at Hamilton's
turd.
to be continued.
More Indians Than Ever.?The
facts of the official record completely
disprove the popular notion that the
Indians In the United States are dying
out. On few subjects has there been
more Indiscriminate guessing than the
original number of the Indian population,
which was long Immensely exaggerated
by imagination. Nothing Is
now more certainly known than that
the assumption of a denoe native population
when this country was discovered
Is utterly unfounded. It was, on
the contrary, exceedingly sparse, vast
regions being entirely uninhabited.
Since 1860. at least, the national enumerations
have been fairly accurate,
and they show a steady, though not a
large, Increase of the Indians, amounting
to 12 per cent In almost a half century
and the total now being 284,000.
And Major Charles F. Larrabee, acting
commissioner of Indian affairs, who is
regarded as the best Informed authority,
goes so far as to assert that the
number of Indians within the boundaries
of the United States slnfee the
time of Columbus was never so great
as It is today.?Omaha Bee.
Pwcrltonrouj! grading.
t
ELECTION OF 8ENAT0R8.
Many 8tat?i Hava Hald Primariaa For
That Purpose.
The sentiment In favor of the election
of United States senators by the
people, which has seemed so far off to
manv aHx'Anotoa r\f /hot nlon ha/Hiiiadlt
would require an amendment to the
constitution In order to put it into effect,
has been realised by the action
taken in more than a dozen state*.
The people In these states, after talking
about the election of senators by
popular vote, without result, determined
to secure the benefit of their contention
at once by holding primary
elections before the meeting of their
legislatures.
During the past summer primary
elections were held in eleven southern
states for the selection of United
States senators by the people, and the
legislatures of these states will merely
ratify the action of the people by for- ?
mally electing the men who have thus
been designated. These states are Alabama,
Arkansas, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi,
South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas
and Virginia. In most of these cases
the legislatures have not yet acted,
but no doubt is expressed that they
will elect in accordance with this expressed
wish of the people. Oregon and
Illinois have practically adopted the
same plan for the election of their senOf
the thirty vacancies occurring
next year in the senate, more than a
third will have been selected by the
Deoole in Diimarv elections. The indl
cations are that this plan for the
choosing of senators will be adopted in
many other states, and that within a
few years the practical operation of
the election of senators by the people
will have been put into effect. There
will then be an opportunity to see how
the new system works in comparison
with the old so far as the ability of the
men secured for these high positions
Is concerned.
While the legislature would not be
legally bound by the action of the primary,
there is a moral obligation to
set in accordance with the will of the
people expressed at the primary election
that is not apt to be overturned
by any party in power in a legislature,
in Illinois the vote in favor of Senator S
Cullom was so overwhelming that no
legislature would dare ignore the action
of the people. The conventions of
both parties in Iowa have declared In
favor of this method of electing senators.
In several New England states
this reform is being agitated.
PRODUCTION OF EXPLOSIVES.
Some Chemical Combination*?Cordite
and Nitroglycerin.
High explosives, properly so-called,
are those which will not explode except
under special conditions. Ordinary
black powder gives out its explosive
property if ignited by a match
or a spark. An explosion results because
black powder ir an intimate
mechanical mixture of certain combustibles
which burn with great ra
pidity and produce enormous pressure.
But to obtain full effect from high
explosives a detonator must be used,
and the rapidity of the explosion of
such explosives Is very much greater
than that of gunpowder. The basis
of all high explosives Is a chemical
combination of certain nitrogenous
substances. Nitrogen Is an inert element,
and therefore does not maintain
a firm grip of the substances
with which It Is united, and such substances
are said to be unstable.
In the production of high explosives
the object is to produce a substance
which, while reasonably stable
under certain ordinary conditions,
can be put Into a condition of such
excessive instability that it will decompose
instantaneously. This Instantaneous
decomposition Is explosion,
and It is brought about with
high explosives by means of a small
detonator charge that la exploded in
the middle of the charge of high explosives
and thereby gives such a
shock to the chemical molecular
structure of the high explosive that
the latent Instability la invoked and
explosion ensues.
A detonator for this purpose usually
consists of a shell containing a
compound known as fulminate of
mercury, with which Is sometimes
mixed a chlorate, and a detonator
must be of such size and power as to
be capable of bringing about this
condition of molecular Instability
throughout the whole of the charge
to be fired, otherwise a portion of the
charge may not be' destroyed and remain
a subsequent danger In a mine
cr elsewhere.
A safe and characteristic high explosive
of the propulsive order Is the
JUrUIlt? WI1IUI1 IB uocu III hi cai iua V4
ill sizes. Cordite consists of guncot:on,
nitroglycerin and mineral jelly,
suitably Incorporated by aid of a solvent,
acetone, which Is dried out of
:he mixture and leaves finished corllte
as a horny, tough substance, resembling
celluloid In appearance.
Naturally In the production of an
explosive the dangerous processes
nust be minimized, and cleanliness,
iccuracy .and great care are required.
The nitroglycerin used In cordite Is
i substance made by acting upon
rlycerln v hich has been allowed to
tbsorb a quantity of N. G., technlcaly
it Is a dangerous liquid, but It can
>e made safe by certain admixture of
)ther materials.
Thus dynamite is merely Kleselfuhr,
or dlatomaceous earth, calclnsd
and clean, which has been allowed
to absorb a quantity of N. G. The
luantity absorbed must always be
ess than the capillarity of the celluar
diatoms enables them easily to re:ain
without drip or overflow. Klelelguhr,
fully charged with N. G., so
:hat the liquid leaks out of tfee com
pound, is as dangerous as tne unantorbed
liquid, because when fully
charged there is no capacity for iniocuous
compression and the full
langer of an Incompressible, unstable
liquid may be developed by the most
trivial cause.
In cordite, though solidity has been
attained, the dangerous instability
ias been so far overcome that only
by ignition can it again be brought
Into action. We may thus follow the
manufacture of this article as one of
the safest and best known propellant
explosives, for cordite is used only as
m ammunition.?Caasler's Magaxlne.