Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, February 22, 1888, Image 1
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VOL. 3L " YOBKYILLE. S. C.. "WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1888. NO. 8.
_ - . ; | " ~ _ i
JWefted ?0et*g.
THE LIFTED HEATIT.
BY MARGARET E. SAXGSTER.
Day by day I look above,
Craving guidance, needing love.
Day by day there comes to me
Love and guiding, Lord, from thee.
Night by night my lips repeat
. Praises "for the moments sweet,
When, for all the toil and strife,
Heaven itself enfolds my life.
Let me lose earth's dearest thing,
Let my fairest hope take wing,
I shall yet most blessed bo,
Saviour, clinging close to thee.
Jesus, better than the best,
Heart's desire and royal guest,
Make me more and more thy own,
In my spirit raise thy throne.
Day and night I lift above
Praver for truidance. prayer for love.
Night and clay there comes to me
Love and guiding, Lord, from thee.
So I tread the mortal way,
Grace divine my strength and stay.
Glow* the hidden name apart.
DARING AND SUFFERING.
A History of the Andrews Railroad
Raid Into Georgia in 1862,
The Most Heroic and Tragic Episodo
of the Civil "War.
Embracing a Fall and Accurate Account
of the Secret Journey to the Heart of
the Confederacy, the Capture of a
Railway Train In a Confederate Camp,
the Terrible Chase That Followed, and
the Subsequent Fortunes of the leader
and His Party.
The expedition, in tho daring of its inception,
had the wildness of a romance; while in the
gigantic and overwhelming results it sought and
was likely to obtain it was absolutely sublime.?
Judos Advocate General Holt's Official Report.
R was all the deepest laid scheme, and on tho
grandest scale, that ever emanated from the
brains of any number of Yankees combined.?
The Southern Confederacy (Atlanta, Ga.),
April 15,1SG2.
Despite its tragic termination, it shows what a
. handful of brave men could undertake in AmerI
ica.?Comte de Paris' History or the Civil War
i in America, voL 2, p. 187.
PwTXTTT.T.TAlW PTTf PWrt'E'R.
" ..... ? ? ;
X MEMBER or THE EXPEDITION.
[Copyrighted, 1887, by "War Publishing Co., N. Y.,
and published by arrangement with them. J
INTRODUCTION.
The following narrative is no "war romance"
or "story founded on fact," but
a genuine history, authenticated in every
part, of real events far stranger and more
thrilling than any fiction. The facts were
investigated at the time by the order of
Edwin M. Stanton, secretary of war, and
as a result the official war records, now
being published by government, contain
fuL proof of every material allegation.
In the first series of that work, tenth volume,
part first, and beginning ou page
630, will be found the official reports of
Judge Advocate General Holt, Maj. Gen.
Buell and CoL Lee, of Atlanta: together
with statements by surviving members of
the expedition and by Confederate Gens.
E. Kirby Smith, Braxton Bragg, the
Confederate secretary of war, Gen. Randolph,
and the president, Jefferson Davis,
with many others. I have used also my
own recollections and phonographic notes
and dates, jotted at the very time of the
events, and am thus able to make a more
life like picture than would otherwise be
possible.
I have only taken the liberty of passing
more hastily over those events and explanations
which, while necessary for a
full understanding of the whole, are more
in the ordinary line of military experience,
in order that more space be given to those
elements of tragedy and thrilling adventure
in which this raid stands separate
and unrivaled among all the many heroic
deeds of the terrible struggle for maintaining
the American Union. Not a single
fictitious incident or an embellishment of
fancy has been introduced. Wherever
conjectures as to unknown motives or incidents
have been hazarded they are
clearly distinguished as such.
CHAPTER I.
THE ANDREWS RAID REACHES THE HEART
OF THE CONFEDERACY.
At Nashville, in March, 18G2, while Gen.
D. C. Buell commanded the Army of the
Ohio, a spy in his employ, J. J. Andrews,
proposed to him to take eight men and
destroy some of the principal bridges far
to the south, on one or more important
Confederate railway lines. Buell consented
and gave the men; but though the
daring spy took his men to Atlanta, Ga.,
the enterprise failed from the absence of
a Confederate railroad engineer whose
help h|id been promised. The men, with
Andrews, succeeded in reaching the
Union lines again in safety, at Murfreesboro
a^id Shelbyville.
These pomts were then under the command
of Gen. O. M. Mitchel, the celebrated
astronomer, who had been detached with
10,000 men from the army of Buell for the
purpose of guarding Nashville on that side,
and of indicting any injury in his power
upon the e.iemy. The report of Andrews,
who brought full information of the condition
of the enemy south and east of Mitchel,
probably condrmed the daring schemes he
was already entertaining, and between
them they arranged for the boldest push
of the war. What they meant to do may
best be inferred from what they actually
did. Mitchel moved his whole division to
Shelbyville, Tenn., and prepared to move
rapidly and secretly upon the line of the
enemy's communications d'rectly southward.
To Andrews he gave authority to
take from twenty-four to thirty volunteers
?probably a man from each company of
the 2d, 21st and 33d Ohio regiments. The
twenty-three of these who reported were
dressed in ordinary suits in place of their
uniforms, supplied with side arms only
and with an abundance of Confederate
money, and met their leader in a lonely
wooded spot at night near the Union
picket line. Here he directed them to
break into small squads, and getting into
the rough and unguarded country in the
Cumberland range of mountains, proceed
by unfrequented routes across the mountains
to different stations on railroads far
within the Confederate lines, where no
guards were placed and where travel was
as yet free and unrestricted by passports
oro her dangerous formalities. Then it
would be easy to reach any part of the
south. If questioned while on the way
&ey were to state that they were from
Fleming county, Ky., on their way south
io escape "Yankee" tyranny and to join
A C Al* f U AMn A xm 1
tile ouuiiiciii akuij.
Fleming county was tho home of Andrews,
and there is a thread of tender and
pitiful romance connecting it with his
name which the writer learned on the
spot from parties concerned many years
after. Andrews loved, wooed and won a
Kentttcky lady of that vicinity?Miss
Elizabeth J. Layton?who, like himself,
was an ardent Unionist. She was described
to me by neighbors as not strikingly
beautiful, but attractive and estimable.
Before their marriage the war
t broke out, and he
entered soon afterward
on his
perilous business
as a spy for the
Federal army. To
the southerners
he represented
himself as their
friend, and carried
over the line"
V.from the Union
r; side articles such
' as qui nine?of
' ' great value to
miss layton them?thus driving
a very profitable trade and furnishing
them plausible excuse for his frequent
passages from one side of the militaryline
to the other. He gained the entire
confidence of the southern officers, and
was able to travel at his will through
their territory. To the Union officers he
reported all his operations and brought
them information of priceless value. It
was this acquaintance with the south
| which alone rendered possible the daring
: expeditions he meditated.
But the dangerous business in which he
was engaged was a great source of grief
and apprehension to his promised bride;
and through her persuasions he was induced
to pledge her that when he succeeded
in one more enterprise he wouldretire
from the deadly dangers which are
the daily company of a spy; and with that
understanding their wedding day had
been fixed for some date near the middle
of June, 1862. The expedition which was
to be his last was this raid upon which we
were now engaged.
The writer and the men with him, as
well as the other squads, directed their
course first eastward till well in the
mountains, and then southward, meeting
with few obsta- AagSSvi
cles except almost
ceaseless rain, 5?B<?
iiratt-everywhere, jS ^jj.
and ^ swol lcn IS ^ ^2^
stations west of JjL Mm
that point on the *yjLii*fcL Jpl
railroad were
passage was taken
on different trains
ians gained us PPfVv^
ready hospitality. j. j. axdrews.
Two of our number, however, were suspected,
and as the readiest way out of
their dilemma, joined the Confederate
army?which we had all been expressly
authorized to do in case of need, and
which was the easier now, as the conscription
was being relentlessly enforced, and
it was assumed that all travelers who
could not give a good account of themselves
were fleeing from it. At Marietta
we spent the night, intending to capture
our train in the morning in a camp of
the enemy's and making our way
northward, burn the bridges, which
constituted the object that had brought
us more than 200 miles away from the
nearest Union forces. But everything
had worked well so far, and we were very
hopeful.
CHAPTER n.
GEN. MITCHEL MAKES WAR WITI1 ASTRONOMICAL
PRECISION.
The promptness and celerity of the
movement by which Gen. Mitchel surni-icnfl
tKio momv In >ila frnnt. nnrl rlpnrprl
the way for still greater enterprises was
hardly, if at all, equaled by anything on
the Union side during the whole contest.
Pouring rain, flooded creeks and bridges
swept away did not delay him a moment
beyond his calculations, though they added
enormously to the discomforts of the
army under his command. Probably his
scientific training was to some extent re
sponsible for his appreciation of the value
of minutes. Astronomers are accustomed
to deal with the thousandth part of a second!
and Mitchel, in his backwoods observatory,
had invented instruments
which made stellar records with more
precision than any astronomer who had
gone before him, and thus won world
wide fame in this department. He carried
the same qualities into the army.
Leaving Shelbyville for a forced march
the morning after the Andrews raid had
started on its perilous way, and in exact
time to secure the langest results from its
co-operation?for its work was also to be
done at a fixed period?he reached the vicinity
of Huntsville before the enemy had
the slightest intimation of his approach;
then rousing his men at midnight by the
light of the setting moon, he finished his
march in the darkness, and came upon
the sleeping town in the morning twilight,
capturing everything?stores, messages,
locomotives, trains and all the supplies of
the railroad.
This was a glorious triumph, but it was
only the first of the three parts of which
Mitchel's plan consisted, and he at once
entered on the second. Friday, April 11
?the very day on which we had reached
Marietta?he arranged all affairs connected
with the railroad management on
a new basis, and started two trains loaded
with troops right into the midst of the
enemy's territory. The first went westward
to possess all the road in that direction
and to open communication with the
armies of Buell and Grant, then at Pittsburg
landing, which was successfully and
promptly accomplished. The other, commanded
by Mitchel in person, started
directly eastward. How far it should go
depended partly on the resistance met, but i
still more on the news that might be re- !
ceived from the Andrews raiders. The
little division of Mitchel presented on that j
clouded Saturday morning a most active |
and imposing spectacle to an eye capable ;
of embracing it all. Three different railroad
expeditions were rushing forward in
rebel territory?fof ours was also j
launched, and the other two, east and i
west, were in full progress?while his reenforcements
and the regiments which ;
had been outmarched were closing up on i
the central position at Huntsville. When
Mitchel halted a short distance from
Bridgeport, Ala., and only about thirty j
miles from Chattanooga, he knew that j
the greater part of his work was still j
undone. The whole north was thrilled I
by his success; he was made a |
major general and congratulated by the
president, and ordered to report directly
to Washington; but he knew that the key
of the enemy's position, the grand strategical
position of the war, at least in the
west, was still unwon. And he also knew
that whether he could take and hold it |
depended upon the degree of success with ,
which we met that day in disabling the ,
Georgia State and East Tennessee rail- '
roads. Could he capture Chattanooga at
this early date, that town, which with its
southward connections afterward cost
scores of thousands of lives and around
which struggled Rosecrans, Thomas,
Grant, Sherman, Bragg, Longstreet,
Johnston, Hood and their brave armies
for two years of deadly conflicts' .Mitchel
saw the value of this point, and before
breaking camp at Shelby ville had sent our
party to destroy the bridges on this road
and the Chickaraauga bridge on the East
Tennessee road, thus with his own ad- ,
vance from the west cutting oil all possi- '
blc succor and leaving Chattanooga, now 1
denuded of troops, at his mercy. He had
now halted until he could hear what he
had done.
But one'mistake already bad been
made. We were to strike the bridges on
Friday, the very day that Mitchel struck
Huntsville. It was now Friday evening
and we had done nothing, while Mitchel
%vas within two hours' run of Chattanooga,
with the road open before him, abundance
of rolling stock, and the enemy in panic ]
in his front. The cause of this delay was !
that Andrews, reasoning in a way that j
would have been justified in the case of !
any other Federal general, was assured !
that Mitchel would inevitably be delayed
more than one day by such torrents of |
i rain as had fallen since we left camp; and I
that for us to strike too soon would impair
the value of our work and might even
call the enemy's attention to Mitchel's
own advance; so he had sent word to our
different squads that the grand attempt
would be Saturday, the 12th of April, instead
of Friday. That would yet be in
full time for Mitchel's enterprise, but it
! increased our own difficulties and dangers
! in a way that will soon be made plain.
On our morrow's work, therefore, de,
peiuled the possession of Chattanooga,
and probably the whole after course of the
war in the west. This is an inference
only; but it rests upon a mass of evidence of
which the reader who Jias not attentively
studied the subject can scarcely form an
idea.
CHAPTER III.
tVE C APT ORE THE TRAIN*.
The Andrews party were greatly crowdj
ed in the large hotel at Marietta on Frii
day night, having to sleep three or four to
i a bed, but soldiers are not fastidious, and
! the greater number slept soundly. We
' had unbounded confidence in our leader,
whose part it was to provide for all contingencies.
The names of the men who reached Marietta
to take part in the railroad raid
were as follows:
James J. Andrews, leader of the expe,
dition and a citizen of Kentucky.
The Second Ohio regiment contributed:
Marion A. Ross, Company A; George
; D. Wilson, Company B; William Pitten|
ger, Company G; Perry G. Shadrack,
I Company K.
From the Twenty-first Ohio regiment
were detailed:
"\f"oT?lr "\X7V-*r*rl fVimnntiv _T A WilcflTV
! Company C; J. R. Porter, Company C;
j William Knight, Company E; Wilson F.
j Brown, Company F; Wilson Bensinger,
J Company G; Robert Buffura, Company
H; E. H. Mason, Company K; John Scott,
Company K.
The Thirty-third Ohio supplied:
Martin J. Hawkins, Company A; William
Reddich, Company B; John Wollam,
Company C; Samuel Robinson, Company
G; D. A. Dorsey, Company H; Jacob
Parrott, Company K; Samuel Slavens.
William Campbell, also a member of
; the expedition, was a citizen of Ohio on a
visit to the camp, and managed to enlist
j among the raiders.
Andrews scarcely slept at all that night.
[ He first went to the hotel and saw that
j those who lodged there had made arrangements
for being called on time in the morn|
ing. Porter and Hawkins, who had come
down the evening before, and had gone to
bed much earlier, were not seen, and as
they had not paid the waiter any fee for
rousing them early, they were left behind;
a diminution of our force much regretted,
as they were both brave men and Hawkins
was an experienced engineer. This left
us but nineteen men in addition to the
leader.
We were all roused promptly at the
railroad hotel a little before daybreak.
Andrews, who came back to us, now went
from room to room while we were dressing,
seeing every man, giving him exact
J M _ Lf A. Al..
uruers us uj ins pari; 111 tnu wwn ul uiu
morning. There was suppressed lire in
his low, almost whispered words, a calm
confidence in his tones that was contagious.
There seemed to be no doubt, hesitation
or shrinking on his part, but, on
the contrary, an eagerness and joy that
the time was so near at hand
BEDROOM COXStTLTATIQN AT MARIETTA.
When we were ready, as it still lacked
a little of train time, we gathered in Andrews'
room for an informal council of
war. Some were seated on the edge of
the bed, one or two on chairs, and the
remainder stood around as best they
could. We did not speak very loud, as wo
wished no sharers in our plans. Andrews
gave no exhortations?the time for that
had passed?but rather cautions to prevent
too precipitate action. He said:
"When the train stops at Big Shanty
for breakfast, keep your places till I tell
you to go. Get seats near each other in
the same car, and say nothing about the
matter on the way up. If anything tinexpected
occurs, look to me for the word.
You and you"?designating the men?
"will go with me on the engine; all the
rest will go on the left of the train for- j
ward of where it is uncoupled, and climb j
on the cars in the best places you can, j
when the order is given. If anybody interferes,
shoot him, but don't fire until it !
is necessary."
Sergt. Maj. Ross, the ranking man of
the party, and as brave as any, offered a
respectful protest against going further.
He said that circumstances had changed
since we set out; that it was a day later
llilill |JiUililCUj tliCVU ILL a LI J iliuio I
were at Big Shanty than formerly; that j
we had noticed the crowded state of the
road as we came down, and that Mitchel's ;
movements would make the matter worse, i
For all these reasons he thought it better j
to put off the attempt, or give it up altogether.
Oui heads were very close together as
we talked, and the words softly spoken;
the door was locked, and the windows
overlooked the railroad, so that we were
sure to see the train coming. Andrews
very quietly answered the objections of
Ross, admitting all the facts he stated, j
but claiming that they only showed our !
way the clearer. The military excitement
and commotion and tho number of j
trains on the road would make our train
the less likely to be suspected; and as to
the troops at Big Shanty, if we did our ;
work promptly, they would have no
chance to interfere. Capturing the train J
in the camp would be easier than any- j
where else, because no one would believe
it possible, and there would therefore bo !
no guard.
Andrews could always And a reason for 1
everything; but these plausible arguments j
were not perfectly convincing, Several ;
others, among whom was J. A. Wilson, |
joined in a respectful protest against pro- j
ceeding. Then Andrews, speaking even j
lower, as was his wont when strongly '
moved, said:
' Boys, I tried this once before and i
failed; now I will succeed or leave my j
bones in Dixie."
The words and manner thrilled every
hearer, and we assured him that wo
would stand by him, and, if need be, die
with him. He grasped our hands and wo
hurried to the platform, for the train was
now almost due. I had said nothing in
the discussion, for I felt that we were
under the leadership of Andrews, and
should simply obey, leaving the responsibility
to rest on him. I am not sure
that, on a later critical occasion, we did i
not carry this principle a little too far.
Although we only needed tickets to Big [
Shanty, we purchased them to various j
points along the line that attention might
not be attracted by sucli a number bound
to one place. As the train came up we
noticed three closed box cars attached.
Every passenger train, as I have since
been informed by Conductor Fuller, was
at this time required to carry empty cars
northward, which were brought back
Ailed with bacon and other provisions,
vast quantities of which were then being
gleaned out of Tennessee and stored in
Atlanta. We all took our places close together
in one car, that we might be ready
to help each other in case of need. Kuight
e-.?f wo.m tliA ft'Aiif ilnnr BflVC tVlJlt". fill
looking buck he saw that most of our men
were pale, yet resolute. The passengers
hud that listless and weary air always
seen in the early morning 011 board a
train.
The conductor, whose name we afterward
learned was William A. Fuller, entered
and began to hike the tickets. He
I looked narrowly at us, for it was an uncommon
thing for so many persons to enter
in a body as did at Marietta; besides,
he had been warned r'cry recently to
watch that 110 conscripts used his train
for the purpose of escaping, and ordered,
i in case of suspicion, to telegraph for help
at once. No doubt we looked soldierly
enough, but he afterward told me that lie
did not suspect us of being conscripts.
We also scrutinized hint carefully, for it
was possible that lie might, if his snsj
picions were in the least aroused, endeavor
to prevent us from taking his
j train.
He was quite young for a conductor,
I being, as we afterward learned, only 2(i,
i though lie had been for seven years in
! that position. He had a frank, genial,
| but resolute face, was of medium size,
1 and looked active and strong.
We had little leisure for looking at the
grand form of Kenesaw mountain, which
1 rose 011 our left, and around the base of
[ which the road describes almost a half
circle, and then turns away before it
reaches Big Shanty. Here was fought
one of the severest battles of the war between
Sherman and Johnston; but this.
with their prolonged struggle over the
whole line of this railway, did not come
until two years later. The question of
deepest interest to us, and one which
would be quickly solved, was, "How much
j of a fight will we have at Big Shanty?
j If the train is left guarded during breakfast
time we will have to overcome the
guards; if anybody sees us going on the
engine, and a rush is made to prevent, we
will have to fight 'sharply and at close
quarters?the most deadly kind of fighting."
Every revolver had been carefully
examined at Marietta before we slept and
i every preparation made, so there was
nothing to do but to wait as patiently as
we could.
It was a thrilling moment when the
conductor called out, "Big Shanty! twentyminutes
for breakfast!" and we could see
the white tents of the rebel troops and
I xl J,. 4"\xrxi~ Knntn
CVCH LI1U (JUU1U9 OilMVl.y lJtu.111^ bliv.11 uuiw.
Big Shanty (now called Kenesaw) had
been selected for the seizure because it
| was a breakfast station, and because it
had no telegraph office. When Andrews
had been here on the previous expedition,
few troops were seen, but the number was
now greatly increased. It is difficult to
tell just how many were actually here,
for they were ?twUiiitly coming andgoing;
but there seems to have been three
or four regiments, numbering not far
from 1,000 men each. They were encamped
almost entirely on the west side
of the road, but their camp guard included
the railroad depot. As soon as the train
stopped, the conductor, engineer, fireman,
and most of the passengers hurried for
breakfast into the long low shed on the
east side of the road, which gave the place
its name. No guard whatever was left?
a fortunate circumstance for us, but not
at all unusual on southern roads even
when not so well guarded by soldiers as
this train was. Now was our opportunity!
yet for a moment wo were compelled
to keep our seats and wait the appointed
signnl by our lender. It required
a strong effort of will to keep from rushing
forward. We had no desire for eating
as we saw the passengers leaving their
seats around us and pouring in to breakfast.
The moments seemed hours; for we
knew that when the signal was given, we
must do our work in less than half a minute
or be slaughtered on the spot; we also
1--?... ? no i?*Va foilnrl f/"? rrnf.
KllCW 111UI uuy UUU vjl no niw xmivvi i,\j
on board with the rest would be lost; but
we did not know how long during the
twenty minutes Andrews would wait. If
anything could be gained by waiting five
or ten minutes we wore sure that he, with
his marvelous coolness, would wait and
expect us to do the same. It seemed already
a considerable interval, for the last
passenger who wanted breakfast had left
the train and disappeared within the
room.
But Andrews did not mean delay. He
had been absent from the car for a time as
we came up the road and had only just
returned, and taken his seat close to the
door. Now he quietly rose, and without
turning his head toward us, stepped to
the door with the crowd that was pouring
SEIZING THE THAIN.
out. Engineer Knight, whether from
natural impulsiveness, or at a signal from
Andrews, rose also and went out with him.
These two got off on the side next to the
camp, and opposite the depot. They
walked forward at an ordinary pace until
abreast of the locomotive, which they saw
TIJE START.
t ft glftnce to be vacant?engineer and fireman
had gone to breakfast. That was very
good! Andrews walked a few steps further
forward with Knight still at his side, until
lie could see ahead of the engine that
the track was clear as far as a curve a
little way up the road which closed the
view. Then they turned and walked back
until just in advance of the llrst baggage
car and behind the three empty freight
cars, when Andrews said with a nod,
"Uncouple here and wait for me." Knight
drew out the pin and carefully laid it on
the draw bar. Andrews came back to the
door of our car and opening it said
111 his ordinary tone, not a shade louder or
more hurried than usual, "Come on, boys;
it is time to go now." Our hearts gave a
great bound at the word, but we rose
quietly and followed him. Nothing in
this was likely to attract the attention of
the few passengers who still remained in
the car; but it mattered litt le, for the time
of concealment was now past. Andrews
glided forward very swiftly, and Knight,
seeing him coming, hurried 011 before and
jumped on the engine, where he at once
cut the bell rope and, seizing the throttle
bar, (stood leutiing forward with tense
muscles, and eye flxed on the face of his
leader.
Andrews did net follow, but stood a
step btick from the locomotive with one
hand 011 the rail, looking at his men as
they ran forward. IJrown and Wilson
(the other engineer and lireman) darted
forward at the top of their speed and took
their post beside Knight on the engine.
As soon as the rest of us reached the hindmost
box car we saw that its door was
wide open. Whether this was a mere
happy accident, or whether, as is more
likely, Andrews had gone forward before
we reached the station and opened it, with
his usual audacity, 1 do not know. But
he motioned with his hand to us saying,
"Get in! Get in!" We needed 110 urging.
The floor was breast high, but tlie hindmost
shoved nnd lifted the foremost and
were themselves pulled up in turn. I
helped to throw Slmdrack up and had my
arm almost pulled olf as I was dragged in
by him a second after. All this time a
sentry was standing not a dozen feet from
the engine quietly watching, as if this was
the most ordinary proceeding, and a lium1
-n .mi;,,,, i.,,f
i I JCIT U1 UlUVl PUlUll'13 ?uc JUiiiij^ uuu C4>
j short distance away. All this work was
[ of seconds only, mul as the last man was
being pulled in, Andrews stepped on
board, and nodded to Knight, who had
j never taken his eyes from his face. Quick
as a flash the valve was thrown open and
1 the steam giant unchained!?but for an
' instant which seemed terribly long the lo!
comotive seemed to stand still; Knight
| had thrown the full power on too sudj
denly, and the wheels slipped on the
j track, whirling with swift revolutions and
| the hiss of escaping steam, before the in|
ertia of the ponderous machine could be
j overcome. Hut this was an instant only;
none of the soldiers had time to raise their
j muskets, give an alarm, or indeed to recover
from their stupor before the wheels
"bit," and the train shot away as if fired
from a cannon!
We were now flying on our'perilous
.journey. The door of the box car was
pulled shut to guard against any shot
that might he fired, and while partially
opened afterward to Rive us some view
of what was passing, it was always closed
again whenever wo nearcd a station.
This capture was a wonderful triumph.
To seize a train of cars in an enemy's
camp, surrounded by thousands of soldiers,
and carry it off without a shot fired
or an angry gesture, was a marvelous
achievement. There are times when
whole years of intense enjoyment seem
condensed into a single moment. It was
so with us then.
CHAPTER IV.
THE FIRST STAGE OF T1IE REX NORTHWARD.
Various manifestations of triumph were
made as soon as we were off. Dorsey
sprang to his feet, crying: "Boys! we are
done playing reb. now I We are out and
out Yankees from this time on." But
George D. Wilson, who was older than
the rest of us, cautioned him, saying:
"Don't be too fast, Dorsey; we're not out
of the woods yet."
Ann inueeu ic soon seemea as lr we
were to have serious trouble at the outset.
The engine ran slower and slower,
until it finally came to a full stop. "We
were not' yet far from camp. There had
ono burst> ? speed, and then
tmjfffiCfcening and alarming failure of
power. We usked eagerly of those forward
what it meant, and the answer was
far from reassuring?"The steam has
gone down." In a few moments we
learned the reason. The dampers were
closed on the engine fires when the stop
for Big Shanty was made, and they were
not opened by our boys in the hurry of
the start; consequently, the lire was almost
out. A little oil and some fresh
wood promptly mended matters. No time
was lost while stopping here in this enforced
manner, for we had started ahead
of time, and had leisure to obstruct the
track. The telegraph wire was also cut.
This was necessary, for though there was
no office at Big Shanty, a portable battery
might be found, or a swift messenger be
sent back to Marietta, and a single lightning
flash ahead would blight our fondest
hopes. Breaking a wire is not as eiusv as
it seems; but we adopted a plan which
worked all day, and took up no time that
was not also utilized for other purposes.
John Scott, who was agile as a cat, ran up
the pole, and knocking off the insulating
nf +r\r> ortmnrv /l r\rrrrr nn it A
UUA cvu tUU lV]i} OHUlig UV IT 11 \Jki IV. -k A>
small saw found on the engine easily cut
the tightly stretched wire close to the box.
This did not take more than one or two
minutes.
At this ilrst stop Andrews, who had
not shared our uneasiness about the fire
in the engine, came back and clasped our
hands in ecstasy, manifesting more excitement
than I ever saw in him before; exclaiming
that we had the enemy now at
such disadvantage that he could not harm
us or save himself. "When we have
passed one more train," he declared,
"we'll have no hindrance, and then we'll
put the engine at full speed, burn the
bridges after us, dash through Chattanooga
and on to Mitchel at Ilivntsville.
We have the upper hand of the rebels for
once!"
By saying tliat we had only one mora
train to pass before doing this, Andrews
did not mean that there was but one train
coming toward us. There were three,
which had already left Chattanooga; but
only the first of these, a local freight,
which might be met at any point between
this and Kingston, was a real obstacle.
Andrews knew the time schedule of the
other two, and could plan to meet them at
any given station, even if we were far
ahead of our own time. Had there been
none but these threo trains his triumphing
would have been well warranted.
The following is the basis upon which
Andrews mnde his calculations: He bert
rA. ' ' " " "i lieved that no enaPs/fip
r. m k r.. gine could bo had
-?i for pursuit nearer to
J J wi f 'hg Shanty than
// $ i Kingston on the
'!( north, or Atlanta
Y/yjitlt ' k.q-vX on the south, each
T* hli t"H V? ll1)0Ufc thirty miles
"J# v J n^l distant. If the rebels
' / :/ i ^r\i i rinrsiiod toward
( ) 't| j Kingston the best
\J(i / / t hey could do was
iif( If O to '?N?W us wn fl?e"
Aji horses, nndthe time,
* c( allowing for delay
' in starting and the
/f&"'state of the roads,
COU'(^ UOt Wt'^ ^'e
short of tliree orV^?^
four hours, by which\ v-i
time we ought to bc\ 'Lr" \out
of reach, with all\ *= sf\ JT
our work done. If they V"7 a"*"*a
rode or sent back to Mari-V / VW
ett?*i (where we had lodged for\
the nighti. which would seemX/^N.
to be tlieir best plan, that wou]d^*'u"'^"5
take at least an hour; ther> a tel-^
tiie western atlantic or georgia
state line railroad,
egram to Atlanta could very soon start
a train after us, but it would be forty or
lifty miles behind; and long before it
could come up bridges would be burned,
the track and telegrapli cut and the road
completely destroyed. We expected to
run on our regular time to Kingston,
which would thus take about two hours,
but to obstruct the tragk at several places
on the way; then with the local freight
safely passed, hurry on to the Oostenaula
(or Resncn) bridge, twenty-four miles
further, in half an hour more, burn that,
and sweep on over the eleven bridges of
the Chickanmuga, and leaving them in
flames (ulso the one of the East Tennessee
road, over the same stream), pass by
Chattanooga on the "Y" running over
to the Memphis and Charleston road and
press as rapidly as possible westward to
Bridgeport, and on to Mitchel, wherever
he might be. It will be seen that leaving
out of account any accident to our train,
and any difficulty in passing the trains we
were to meet, our calculations were almost
dead certainties. With two experienced
engineers, and caution in running,
accidents were not likely to occur;
and Andrews trusted to his own marvelous
address (and not vainly, as the result
showed) to disarm suspicion from any
truins met. On Friday, so far as human
vision can now penetrate, these calculations
would have worked out with the precision
of riTmachine, and all the results indicated
have followed. To-day there were new
elements which were to task our powers
to the utmost, but of these we as yet
knew nothing.
All careful and prudent preparations
were now made for a long run. A red
liny placed on the last- car showed that
another train was behind, and served as
a kind of silent excuse for being on the
time of the morning mail. The engine
was also carefully inspected by Knight,
whose mechanical knowledge was most
useful, ancl found to he in excellent working
condition. It was thoroughly oiled.
Then we moved leisurely onward until
we came near Moon's station, where some,
workmen were engaged on the track, and
the opportunity of getting necessary tools
was too good to be lost. 11 rown sprang
down and asked a man for a wedge pointed
iron bar with which he was prying. The
man gave it tit once and Brown stepped
back with his booty, but a little disappointed,
for one of the bent, clawfooted
bars for pulling out spikes would have
been worth much more, but they had
none. The bar taken was the only one of
their tools that seemed likely to be of
value, or more would have been borrowed
?by force, if not otherwise.
As we went on Andrews cautioned his
engineers not to run too fast, which they
inclined to do; all of us would have
relished more speed in this lir.-t part of
the journey. But running on all southern
roads in war times was slow; our
train was not scheduled tit over sixteen
miles tin hour. The road itself was exceedingly
crooked, with abundance of
short curves, and, having but light iron
rails, was unfitted for ldgh speed. We
were anxious to get past the local freight
that we might test the road's capabilities.
Those on the engine were very much
amused, as we ran by station after station,
to see the passengers come up with
their sachels in their hands, and then
shrink hack in dismay as we sped past
without a sign of halting. But when by
we would stop and cut t he telegraph wire,
so that 110 suspicions or inquiries could
be sent ahead.
Thus we passed through Ackworth and
Allatoona, and then stopping again to cut
the wire, also endeavored to lift a rail.
While we were sure that no train from
Big Shanty could follow us, we wished
also to make it difficult for one from Atlanta,
if any should he sent from there, to
run rapidly; and what was of equal importance,
we did not wish the local freight '
to proceed southward after we met it, to |
he turned hack hy any pursuers. A lifted
rail is almost sure to throw an unsuspect- <
ing train from the track; and we put such
an obstruction before each train that we (
met on this journey. Yet the process of j
taking up a rail, though we made much i
of it, was far from easy with the imperfect
tools wo possessed. A single tool?a .
bar constructed expressly for drawing out !
spikes?would have enabled us to baffle all
pursuit. But this we did not have, and
more than Ave minutes were consumed
for each rail taken up, in battering out
some spikes with our iron bar and afterj
ward prying the remainder loose with
handspikes and with the rail itself. This
delay was of no great importance now,
for we had a superfluity of time; but in
the quick and terrible struggle further up
the road, when seconds were decisive, it
was far otherwise. -Th^.rails when lifted
were carried away with us, and the break
thus left was for a time a barrier (to a
train not supplied with track laying tools)
as absolute as a burnt bridge. The feeling
of security after such obstruction was
very delightful and not unwarranted. In
110 case did a pursuing train pass a place
where we had torn up a rail in time to do
us any damage.
There was an exultant sense of superiority
while running along in the midst of
our enemies in this manner, such as a
man in a balloon might fee! while drifting
ever hostile camps, or o' er the raging
waves of the ocean. As long as all is well
with his balloon the man need not care
what takes place in the world below; and
as long as our engine retained its power
and the track wtis clear before us, we
were in a similar state of security. But
? -'Si") 1^? ^?- ?
/
W -is/ ( ,
/jsawu4 *- th t* t; i '
TEARIXG UP TRXCK^^j ;
a knife blade thrust in the silk globe over- 1
head, or the slightest tear in the delicate ]
fabric, will in a second take awjw tho (
security of the man in the clouds. So tho (
loosening of a bolt, or the breaking of a j
wheel would leave us powerless fin tho j
midst of our deadly enemies. It was such
possibilities, always so near, that imparted
thrilling interest to our passage J
through towns and fields and w >ods in
tho heart of the enemy's country. '
TO BK CONTINUED. ,
n?p?cbi i hi f
The Wild Animal Trade.? 1
"But the wild animal trade his nev- :
er flourished as it did beforeu873," 1
said a dealer. "It was during; the '
war times and immediately Rafter, j
when every one was flush of money,
j that the greatest seasons werfe ex- 1
I perienced. Then there were bun- *
; dreds of circuses, big and little, 'and j
| various side shows, which patrolled
i the country from ocean to ocean. '
{ Out in the west, too< many of the 1
! small shows had gambling attach- 1
| ments, which helped materially rp j
; rake in the money. A proprietor of
j one of these thought nothing of pay-\ !
! ing ?1,000 for anyf animal that hapI
pened to strike his fancy. Why, I v
j remember one case in point about 1
: twenty years ago. One day a woman 1
j came into my place, and looking .
i around, spied a cage containing two
j baboons, just arrived from the steam- 1
i ship. 'What is the price of them?' 1
she asked. / '
"'One thousand dollars, madam,'
' I answered. j j
"And she reached down into her 1
! pocket, drew forth a roll of bills, (
counted out the money, ?ive her adi
dress, and went on her way rejoicing. !
; She probably wanted them for some 1
; gambling saloon or steairiboat out in 1
1 Mississippi or Louisiana.
"But many of these/parties made
money so fast that/they shortly '
: closed up business and quit. Then '
; came the financial crash of 1873, and 1
| the stagnation of every kind of busi- j
! ness and the failure ff most of those
: circus and show men remaining.
Then the new men/who came into '
the business did not have much '
money, and juld riot afford to buy j
! large numbers of animals or very .
i valuable specimena So it has been 1
| ever since, with a consequent stag- '
: ; %% fUrt r? r* 5 ?villi +l*cif\ck 'j Wl/! '
; iiiiui'iJ in nic miiiiiai tiauvi ?*iu.v
i York Evening Sun.
Mormox Supei stitjox.?"You (
j can tell a Morino i house by the j
j number of doors," ! heard some one
; say as we approache 1 Salt Lake City, '
writes a Minneapolis Tribune rorres- '
| pondent. Sure enough ! There they
! were, two doors, siqe by side, even 1
! in the smallest hou.4es. Sometimes 1
| there were two wooU-sheds, or two 1
wells, and we saw tone house that j
had begun with a single room, and
been lengthened out noom by room
' and door by door. That patriarch
must needs look abouk him sharply !
; on the resurrection morn, or he will 1
I overlook some poor wife and have J
her sleeping through all eternity, j
The Mormons have a doctrine that j
in the resurrection the m^n rise, but 1
the women lie in their graves until j
; their husbands please to call them. 1
i If the liege lord pleases\to be so 5
gracious he goes to the grave side of
his spouse and speaks the new. name 1
he received in the endowment house 1
at the time of his marriage,\ which *
has never before crossed hrs lips. (
i She answers with the name which 5
she received at the same time\ind *
rises. One of the most potent me^ns '
: of domestic tyranny among the igr (
! norant Mormons is the threat, fre
quently resorted to by the head of ^
; the house, that he will not raise his r!
wife on the resurrection morn "uu- .
less," etc., etc. 1
Auk Stones Alive??We generally
think of minerals as dead lumps
of inactive matter. But they may
be said to be alive, creatures of vital
pulsations, and separated intoindii
yiduals as distinct as the pines in a
j forest or the tigers in the jungle.
The disposition of crystals are as dij
verse as those of animals. They (
throb with unseen currents of energy,
I They grow in size as long as they
have opportunity. They can be killed,
too, though not as easily as an
i oak or a dog. A strong electric shock
discharged through a crystal will
decompose it very rapidly if it is of
j soft structure, causing the particles
i to gradually disintegrate in there- f
! verse order from its growth, until t
the poor thing lies in dead, shape- t
i less ruin. It is true the crystal's i
1 life is unlike thatof higher creatures, t
! But the difference between vegeta- c
j bio and animal life is no greater (
I than that between mineral and veg- I
j etable life. Linmous, the great s
I Swedish naturalist, defined the f
! three kingdom by saying: "Stones t
grow; plants grow and feel; ani- }
j mals grow and feel and move."? 1
i Wide Awake. c
pisccttanfous Reading.
For the Yorkville Enquirer.
REMINISCENCES (IF WESTERN YORK.
We will, for the purpose of these
'reminiscences," define the geographical
boundaries of Western
Y'ork, as principally embracing that
section of country lying along Broad
Itivor between the mouths of King's
2reek and Bullock's Creek, and up
die latter stream to the vicinity of
'.Smith's old field," (the regimental
muster ground of the ante bellum
militia), thence across the section
known as "The Nation," to King's
Jreek and down that stream to its
mouth.
Many incidents we will relate do
lot come within this scope, but if
:he merit of the case warrants it we
1 Ti ?Ml I. -
win give me location. n wm ue
ieen that the section mapped out includes
Hickory Grove as a central
point.
From our extensive knowledge of
the country, a more healthful"tfnd
fertile section cannot be found in the
State, much less in the county. The
illimitable treasures of ore that lie
iormant within its bosom; its pebjly
brooks that bear their crystal
treasure on to "old ocean's gray and
melancholy waste;" its fertile fields
:hat yield an equivalent for the labor
)f the husbandman; and last, but
lot least, a water power sufficient to
manufacture all the goods that can
je brought within its reach.
Near the residence of Dr. K. It.
Darwin, on Wolfe Creek, has been
pointed out to the writer a spot
jy old settlers who said that this
ivas a great haunt for deer. The
jround contains salt, and in olden
:imes hunters would scarcely ever
'ail to start or kill a deer at that
place. This "lick," was the most
ibted in the country; for it contained
strong salt.
( On Bullock's Creek, below the
jridge on Quinn's road was what
kvas known as the "Buffalo Stamp."
Here was another "lick" where deer
tvere killed. Hunters would somelimes
"prime" the lick. This was
lone by filling canes with ?alt and
sticking them in the ground. The
salt was not so plentiful here as on
Wolfe creek. Near the headwaters
)f Wolfe creek, tradition has it that
yast treasures of gold and silver were
juried by the British just before
their defeat at King's Mountain.
Beyond a doubt there is ground for
this conclusion, as old gun Hints and
pieces of gun locks, chains and such
jther paraphernalia as support the
conclusion that this was once a military
campingground have frequenti?
horo Tho tlipfirv
iy uetrn IUUUU nvivi
advanced for the gold and silver deposit
is quite surrounded by doubtful
circumstances, yet, at the same
time plausible. It comes through
the lineage of the old settlers as part
pf the unwritten history of those
stirring times. No one will for a
moment doubt the astuteness of the
British commanders. They well
knew that they were in a country
whose motto was "Liberty or death
and their first encounter must seal
the issue for or against them. With
these facts staring them in the face,
2an the reader for a moment conclude
that the Britons would risk their
treasure on the issue ? That some of
them would survive the death strugy
?le, or escape in case of defeat, w^s
quite probable, and in that eveht
their treasures would be quite intact.
These considerations support /the
traditional statements, that, between
King's Mountain battle ground and
Broad ltiver a vast treasure is'hid?
though beyond the hope of a resurrection.
Nit is but just to say that Western
York to-day numbers among its best
people the descendants of those heroes
who represented the American
2ause in the struggle for American
Independence. The proof of this
assertion can, in many cases, be obtained
from the old records at Halsigh,
N. C. Many tracts of land in
Western York are still in the possession
of the descendants of the original
grantees. By marriage and intermarriage
the names have been
2hanged, but the blood can be traced
to its legitimate fountain. They inherit
not only the blood, but the
spirit of independence that actuated
their progenitors to appeal to the
2ourt of last resort?the court of arms,
to establish their rights to liberty.
Could the stately oaks that have resisted
the storm's of centuries speak,
they would bear testimony to the
privations of women and children
wnose nusoanas anu miners wcic
battling for liberty. They could tell
if the triumphant march of Ferguson
to Kino's Mountain, where he
fell, and his army received a blow
that sent a thrill of horror to the
iccupantof the British throne. They
?ould tell how the son was torn from
the arms of his mother, and the husband
from the fond embtace of his
wife, and marched otf to prison at
;he point of British bayonets. They
lave witnessed the landscape lit up
with the blaze of burning houses,
while the widow was mocked and insulted
as she pointed with trembling
land to the flames that leaped around
ber once peaceful cottage, and finally
:hey have seen the British lion skulk
:o his den, smarting from the blows
nflicted by the talons of the proud
American eagle. A few of the peoile
who witnessed and took part in
;hose stirring and memorable scenes
ived to give our generation an ac;ount
of them, and we propose to
land them down as a souvenir to
succeeding generations.
Old Uncle Robin Wilson, who lived
icar Blairsvilie, and died at the advanced
age of OB years, was a Re vol u:ionary
soldier, and the writer has
>ften heard him tell of his battles,
ind how the yeomen of the country
stood firm and received the charges of
;he well disciplined and gayly dressid
soldiers of the enemy. This good
)ld man passed to his reward begrave
a few years after the
writer became acquainted with him.
1'he place where he lived and died
s now owned by ex-Congressman
8. Wallace, and is one of the oldest
settlements in Western York.
He was buried at Bullock's Creek,
)iie of the oldest and largest burying
grounds in that section, if not in the
:ounty.
Until the beginning of the late
,var, signs of military eainps could be
ieen near Smith's Ford, on Broad
Itiver, on the plantation of Mr. John
smith. Old Mr. Adkins pointed out
lie spot to the writer about the year
8")S. He also bad heard his mother
ell of the British ripping open the
ieds and scattering the feathers to
he four winds. j. l. s.
+ -+
Tiiey Weren't Diamonds.?Ev>ry
cheap jewelry "fakir" regards
he South as his special territory,
ind the darkies, when they have
noney, will buy of him anything
hat does not cost more than fifty
:ents. I met a queer character in
Georgia. He told me that he had
ieen peddling cheap jewelry, either
iingly or in combination envelopes
or nearly fifteen years. Evidently
ho business paid, too, because he
nit up at one of the best hotels and
ived pretty high when he wasn't
)ut "trading," as he called it. So
: much "jewelry" used to go in his
packages that I often wondered how
on earth he could give even so much
brass for twenty-five cents.
In one parcel, which a darky
bought one night, I saw him put a
watch, six colored stone rings, two
plain band rings, six cuff buttons,
a watch chain, half a dozen collar
buttons, and two rings with enormous
white stones. When the last
two articles dropped into the bag the
buyer who had been watching every
move, passed up his quarter and left
the crowd with protruding eyes.
| Half an hour later, while I was
i still watching the fakir's operandi,
| his customer came back with a look
j of scorn on his face and demanded
I his money back, because "dem stuns
wa'nt dimuns at all."
The Advantages of Rest.?
; There is no better preventive of
; nervous exhaustion than regular unhurried
muscular exercise. If we
could moderate our hurry, lessen our
worry, and increase our open air ex|
erciae, a large proportion of nervous
; diseases would be abolished. For
those who cannot get a sufficient holiday
the best substitute is an occa;
sional day in bed. Many whose
| nerves are constantly strained in
their daily vocation have discovered
this for themselves.
A Spanish merchant in Barcelona
told his medical man that he always
went to bed for two or three days
| whenever he could be spared from
his business, and he laughed at those
who spent their holidays on toilsome
' mountains. One of the hardest
! worked women in England, who has
for many years conducted a large
wholesale business, retains excellent
nerves at an advanced age, owing, it
is believed, to her habit of taking
one day a week in bed. If we cannot
avoid frequent agitation we
: ought, if possible, to give the nerI
vous system time to recover itself
! between the shocks. Even an hour's
! seclusion after a hurried lunch will
deprive a hurried, anxious day of
much of its injury. The nerves can
often be overcome by stratagem when
they refuse to be controlled by
! strength of will.
?
She was Ahout Like the Best
of us.?A furniture dealer tells a
little story that shows how some
people are constituted. A lady ordered
an elegant easy chair of a peculiar
kind. It was made and sent
j to her house. She examined it carej
fully and critically, finally remarki
ing that it suited her exactly, with
j one Exception?it was too soft. She
had the man take the chair back to
ne macie a irine naraer. me cnair
i was I returned to the store and put
aside. Nothing was done to it. Afj
tor the lapse of about a week the
chair was sent out again. The woi
man again examined it, and this
timfe the chair was too hard. She was
sorry, but when she paid so much to
getjfan article for her own comfort, she
wanted it about right, so she sent it
back to the store for another change.
The chair was again put aside for a
\v;eek or ten days and sent out for
the third time without having a
particle of change made. This time
It was just right. She took the
chair, paid for it and was sorry it
had not suited her at first. The poor
t woman never knew that the chair
had not been changed a particle.?
Nashville American.
About Blackbirds.?A noisy,
wide awake, impudent fellow is the
blackbird, which comes from its
winter home at the South, to the
North quite early in the spring. The
blackbird feeds either upon seeds or
insects. He is much disliked by our
farmers because he steals their grain.
When the corn is in milk the blackbirds
descend upon the fields like a
black sweeping tempest, strip off the
husks, lay bare the corn and leave
little but the cobs. . r
Most small birds are afraid of
larger kinds. The blackbird, however,
is a curious exception.' It often
builds its nest in company with the
fish hawks' nests. Of course hll blackbirds
cannot build in fish hawks'
nests* Many occupy tall trees, generally
in companies of from fifteen to
twenty. The nests are made of mud,
roots and grass, and are lined with
fine, dry grass and horse hair; they
are about four inches deep and contain
five or six dull green eggs, spotted
with olive.
r,
The Terror of Riches.?Statistics
of suicide show that, after all,
the poor man rarely commits suicide
owing to poverty. Hundreds of - .t*
good fellows, with rarely 50 dollars
ahead, and five or six in the family I
to clothe and feed, go on with more
equanimity than men with good
margins. They are generally looking
for a job, and frequently have no
work ahead for longer than one to
six months. Tens of thousands of
day laborers in the United States
rarely know what their income is to
be three months ahead, yet they are
neither depressed nor miserable.
They readily spend their last dollar;
liberally, as long as food can be had,
j and economize when they must.
I The terror of poverty is not so overj
powering, as the terror of riches,
j The fear of losing is greater than
; the fear of not getting?From the
I Globe Democrat.
Right Choice of Words.?The
: right choice of words is the highest
art of writing. It is a rare accomplishment.
Few writers, even of
those who have achieved distinction
and won enviable estimation, have
anything like perfection in that art.
Most writers are satisfied if they
present gracefully their meaning to
the reader. They study style, pracj
tice to be elegant, and if they beget a
certain facility of expression do
not concern themselves with precise
meani ngs in selecting words. Enough
attention is not given to the fact that
I words have soul as well as beauty,
and that there are different degrees
I of word soul. One word will not do
I as well as another, simply because
i the two have the same general meani
ing. Not many evils of lax writing
! are as grievous as the indiscriminate
i use of synonyma.?Chicago InterI
Ocean.
+ ?
Tiie Slaves of Tangier.?The
slaves form a considerable part of the
' population of Tangier. They are
j mostly of the deep black/Guinea
negro type, brought from across the
desert of Sahara, though sometimes
i unfortunates of other races ate kid;
napped and sold into slavery. Pub'
' - AM/, AMA fHAnnnnfltf 1 n
lie Hueiiuua ill O iicijucuuj iiciu iu
the main street of the bazaar, at
which children can be purchased for
from $12 to $20, while full grown
men and women are sold at prices
ranging from $o0 to $100. Masters
have absolute power over their
slaves, even that of life and death,
and in case of sale, transfer them, by
means of a deed, just as we transfer
a farm. Under the circumstances it
is a little difficult to say whether
they are real estate or personal property.?
The Cosmopolitan.
SOT It should be remembered that
; godliness consists, not so much in a
j system of right notions, as in holy
! and spirituai affections, regulating
i the whole conduct.