Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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~~a "m * * lewis m. grist, proprietor, j % $nkjpbcnt Jamilj ffefespajjer: Jbr % promotion of tljc political, Social, Hgrintlftiral anb Commercial Interests .of fjje Sont|. )terms~$2.50 a year, is advance. VOL 32 YOBKVILLE, 8 O., THURSDAY, MAY 13, 1886. 3STO. 19. ^letted ?fldttf. FATHER RYAN AND THE "CONQUERED BANNER." BY INOOMAR. Unfurl that Banner once again For fun'ral rights and sad refrain And wave it o'er the grave Where rests the Poet-Priest who suug Its thrilling notes, whose echoes rung The valor of our brave. Unfurl that Banner, softly, slowly, "Treat it gently,?it is holy Wave it thrice above his*head; For the hand that wrote its story, And the tongue that told its glorv Now lies silent, cold and dead! Unfurl that Banner, slowiy, sadlj*, And tho' none may hail it gladly It should wave aboye his grave; For his fame in metric pages Shall go sounding down the ages Tho' his foes may storm and rave. Unfurl that Banner! wave it gently ! Then plant its flagstaff strongly, firmly, In the mound above his head ; Then furl it gently, slowly, sadly, "Once ten thousands hailed it gladly For Flagand Poet none should sever, But let it droop there furled forever, ' For its Poet-Priest is dead! Columbia Register. ?he 4farmef!S' iotracil. ADDRESS OF Capt. i5. R. TILLMAN BEFORE THE FARMERS' CONVENTION. Columbia, April 20th. Gentlemen of the Convention: I have been told that it was my duty, under the circumstances, to call this body to order and get it into working trim. It is, perhaps, fitting that I make a few remarks before doing so. After much travail and vexation of spirit, especially to the politicians and editors, "Moses," in spite of Pharoah and his Egyptians, has at last succeeded in getting the Israelites together preparatory to taking up the line of march towards the land of promise, and it seems that, although we "tuck the wrong road, by thunder," we have got to the Convention in time and have come, even at this busy season of the year, in such numbers, that scarcely a hall can be found large enough to hold us. I deem it duo myself to explain, before going further, how I came by this name of Moses. Many of the newspapers have charged, and many of you no doubt do not know how false that charge is, that I assumed it of my own accord, led to do so by egotism or ambition. The facts are simply these: The name was given me in derision by Col. D. P. Duncan, president of the State Agricultural Society, in a letter to the News and Courier last December, and it has stuck to me ever since. It is likely to continue to stick, for my friends and acquaintances in Edgefield do not call me by any other name. I only hope that no one will doubt the honesty of the prayer, which comes from the bottom of my heart, that I may in even so small a degree resemble the grand old Hebrew lawgiver and be the humble instrument to accomplish something for the good of my State and its agricultural interests. God, who sees my heart, knows I speak nothing but the truth when I say that, from its inception at Bennettsville last August till its culmination to-day, this agitation has had for its object just what itclaims on its face? the elevation, protection and advancement of our farming interests. There have been accusations and abuse in plenty. Misrepresentation and slander have been busy with my name, charging every motive as impelling me rather than the " true one. Little, greedy men, office-seekers and their satelites, judging me by their * own low standard of selfishness, and fearing a possible rival, have cried: "Office, office, he only wants office." Oh, it is pitiful, that in the short space of ten years the purity of motive, ardent patriotism and useful devotion to duty which made possible the redemption of the State in '76 should be succeeded by this political leprosy which now permeates our* entire governmental fabric. If office-seekers were not so plenty, men would not be so ready to bring that charge against every one who raises his voice to point out abuses in managing our affairs, and that it is brought?too often truthfully brought?is a mortifying confession that our public morals are at a low ebb. Patriotism and public spirit seem lost virtues, and it is high time for us to begin to cultivate them and give more heed to our duty as citizens. Any reasonable man, not blinded by prejudice, who has kept pace with this agitation from its beginning till the present time, is bound to acknowledge that if I have had any selfish object in view, 1 have gone about gratifying it in a queer way. I drew the sword and threw away the scabbard at Bennettsville,and have never looked for it since. I have attacked friend or foe, whoever and whatever got in the way, and with truth and right as my guiding stars, I shall move straight onward till I reach the goal. I may not accomplish my purpose this year or next, but the cause is a holy one, and death alone shall make me loose my hold. The temptations thrown in way by friends, and enemies also, in suggesting my name for Governor, are devices of the evil one to lead me astray; but I have told the devil to get behind me. I commenced this fight pure and honest, and "only a farmer," I will end it as I began, and for reward I only ask your good opinion and confidence. Give me those now and you will aid me to consummate the worK i nave sei out 10 accomplish so much the sooner. History tells us that the heroic Curtius leaped into the gulf which threatened Home's destruction and saved his country. There is no gulf for me to leap into; but I shall not consider it a sacrifice to remain a private citizen, if thereby my power to do good is strengthened and the tone of our politics is elevated and purified?if our public can even be made to love self less and South Carolina more. But you are going to see that even this will not satisfy some men. They will hunt other accusations, and continue to pick on my poor bones just because I have shown them how little and contemptible politicians are, and what is to more purpose, I have shown the people the same thing. Of course I understand that much of the venom displayed by some of the newspapers has been the result of official influence and because it was feared Farmer Tillman was about to get ahead of the lawyers and politicians onetime. I have not minded their abuse myself, but whenever a paper contained anything particularly malicious or exasper-1 ating it has been sent by some one, the writer, I suppose, and somebody at my house has been as mad as a setting hen for three months. Oh, but you don't know how many Caudle lectures I have received! "I told you not to go into this thing, you can't do any good, and you had much better be attending to your own business and looking after me and the children." It has been so hot sometimes I have sneaked off, feeling almost as mean as the newspapers printed me, and I think I will take Mrs. Moses' advice hereafter if I can only get out of this scrimmage without losing my scalp. To add interest to the situation, and also to ridicule us, the pencil of the cartoonist has been brought into play, and a most laughable picture is exhibted down-stairs, which most of you have doubtless seen, representing Moses and the lost tribes and Pharoah, the Granger, racing for the Governor's mansion. I can only say that I am aiming for the Agricultural College, and ^ ?-- ?A *? iirru,x 1,-voi expect 10 get mere tw. ajic iusi< muto will look after the Governor's mansion and Legislature also next summer. I desire to suggest to the clever artist who drew the cartoon referred to that he draw another somewhat after this fashion : I remember to have seen a picture once which amused me very much. There was a room enclosed by glass, a sort of conservatory. In the centre on a table was a large dish of cheese, around which were gathered about twenty big, lusty rats with very long tails, each on his haunches nibbling at a slice cheese of, seemingly just as happy as an officeholder. On the outside of the glass, standing on her hind feet, glaring through the pane at the rats, was an enormous cat watching them eat. She was hungry, and you could see it in her eyes. She was mad, you could tell it by her claws being out. Under the picture ran the legend, "You can't get in." It seems to me there are some cats around here trying to "get in," and many more at home who want to do so. We farmers are inside with the cheese once. We can help ourselves if we wish, and while it is our own cheese we must not Be wasteful; we had better take a little slice just to see how it tastes. We need not fear the hungry cats who are caterwauling outside. If we are true to our ourselves they are powerless. We can even let "them in" without danger, if we will only organize and have a clear understanding among ourselves first. This plaintive cry of "Wecan't get in, we can't get in," which is being raised now by so many who at first sneered at the farmers' movement, reminds me of another picture, a word-painting by Lawrence Sterne, the author of Tristham Shandy. I have not read the story in a long, long time, but ' ? ?? * T OLv??A win recall it iur you us uest x uiuy. oicmc, led by the natural curiosity of a traveler, while on a journey through France made a visit to the Bastile, that celebrated prison and fortress which was destroyed by the "Red Shirts" of Paris in 1789, at the beginning of the French Revolution. Accompanied by a keeper, who was showing him the prison, he was passing along a dim corridor, high up in one of the towers, when a voice which he took to be that of a child or a woman, in tear laden tones, called : "I can't get out, I can't get out." He stopped to listen and again came the sad words: "I can't get out, I can't get out." Curious and keenly alert, he followed in the direction whence the sound came and saw in the dim light, near a deep embrasured window, a bird-cage. In it was a starling, a species of English bird which can be taught to talk. As he approached, the little bird repeated the words which had so excited his sympathy. "I can't get out, I can't get out," said the starling. Deeply moved and without taking time to consider, Sterne exclaimed ; "You poor prisoner, I will at least give you your freedom," seized the cage and wrenching open the door, held it toward the window to see the little songster fly away. The bird fluttered out of the cage toward the outer edge of the window sill, then paused and looked. There were no trees near, the distance to the ground was very great. Long disuse of his wings had made him timid. He was afraid to venture. After pecking the stones a time or two and repeating his mournful monologue, "I can't get out, I can't get out," he hopped back to the cage and entered it. He was content to remain a prisoner rather than trust his weak wings. My friends, there is a moral to this pitnui tale, which I hope you will all ponder. From many towns in South Carolina, every county has hundreds of them, comes the sad cry which so wrought upon the pity of the English moralist. "I can't get out, I can't get out," says the farmer. These cries grow more numerous every year, the tones more despairing. Enticed into debt by the damnable lien law, induced at first to plant cotton as a speculation in hopes of fast getting rich again, now forced to do so by their masters who hold titles to their lands and stand ready to demand the pound of flesh, thestf farmers cry in pitful chorus, "We can't get out, we can't get out." I have been in that Bastile myself. I have felt the waters rising higher and higher and looking forward without hope, as failure after failure in the cotton crop left nothing with which to even pay interest. I had to sell some land, which I had bought and paid for to ease the galling yoke, but the probation through which I have passed has opened my eyes. The deep study caused by my condition has shown me clearly the causes which are at work to produce our grinding poverty, and will continue to do it till a change is brought about. That doleful cry "We can't get out, we can't get out, we can't get out," will never cease till a new system of farming is followed, and how to bring that about has been the subject of my thoughts for many, many months. I do not see my way clear to the end, but the starting point is very plain, and because being a farmer and knowing our needs, feeling where the shoe pinched and seeing the hopeless condition of the tens of thousands of farmers who follow old ruts because they do not know, any better and cannot see any other way to get even a living?because I have raised iny voice to point out these things, have asked that justice be done us and some of the burdens be lifted from our necks, I am called a demagogue forsooth, a dreamer, and the opprobrious epithets of slanderer and crank coupled with my name, while I am accused of trying to split the Democratic party, and oppress all other classes to benefit farmers. I use bad words sometimes, I am sorry to say, and I never wanted to let off a "damn" as bad in my life. But opposition and abuse only make me more determined and add an impetus to the movement ; and many editors who thought to aid in squelching it have done noble service to the cause. There is, however, another moral to the story of the bird whose cry was "I can't get out, I can't get out," and yet refused to fly away when the cage was opened. Listed, while I explain it to you. Slavery has been dead twenty-one years, but not only do we cling to the dead past and follow the old slave system of farming, but we aggravate that system by doing many things our fathers did not do. We have clung to all their vices and let many of their virtues go. We have all of their love of ease, their extravagant habits, their dislike of work, but their mental activity, their sturdy self-reliance and public spirit are gone. The four years of the war was one long agony. Its close was a relief, though we were defeated, and with our civilization overthrown, society all disrupted, every man, like a wounded animal, crept apart and applied himsell to his personal affairs. We felt we had no country, and with liberty gone the feeling became universal, "let we live while we are here and let the morrow take care of itself." Speculation ran riot, and the seeds were then sown which are bringing forth such bitter fruit to day. The long night ol Radical and negro domination followed, We paid taxes, and that was our only public duty. Our voting was a farce, and we knew it. There is a phrase very common of late, lirst used by President Cleveland in one of his messages, "innocuous desuetude," meaning harmless disuse. But the disuse of our faculties as citizens, the getting out of the habit of attending to our public af fairs, the loss of public spirit, the growth ol selfishness?these are the fruits of those fifteen years of war, of our cruel bondage afterward under Grant. This disuse has been most harmful and anything but "innocuous." " Vwinctis," (woe to the vanquished,) was the old Roman rule, and under the yoke those who were conquered were forced to go. We, too, have been under the yoke, and a more galling slavery was never endured by any people. Our bodies were free, but our minds became benumbed, deadened. The disuse of citizenship made us unfit to be citizens, and we farmers by reason of our volition, have suffered more than all others because of this fatal lethargy. The bird cage has been open ten years?wrenched apart in '76?but we continue to stay in it, crying with the starling, "We can't get out, we can't get out." This mental slavery is more hopeless than a merely physical bondage, and unless we throw off these shackles of the mind and become free in truth as well as in name there is no hope for us. The work done will go on, the "insane system of farming" will continue, the old South, which now stalks abroad like a ghost in its shroud, will be finally laid away in its grave, and the "New South" be bcrn. But when that time comes half our lands will be owned by aliens and the sons of many old slaveholders will have sunk to the level of their former servants. "The survival of the fittest" will be exemplified, and those who, "having eyes will not see, .having ears will not hear," must sink out of sight and become hewers of wood and drawers of water for capitalists and merchants. Until the people are aroused and awakened to the danger, until they are made to fully understand the real condition of affairs and the inevitable result of the present way of managing one's farm, there can be no hope of reform and no change for the better. Thomas Carlyle says, "The UIII^ iilUll illiu unci ity uupcicoo iiiuii 10 uv who cannot or will not think." Our present condition is attributable solely to a lack of thought. Our future depends on whether we shall awake from our long sleep and go I to thinking, whether we shall inaugurate such changes and devise such agencies as will not only induce but assist the people to analyze their methods ami seek to reform them. We must reform the farmers before we can hope to reform the farming. Above j all there must be more brain-work, more mind-phosphate used in our agriculture before we can hope for any great change. This almost spontaneous uprising of the people is proof enough that at last they are beginning to awake; they realize their danger and see the precipice towards which we are hastening. I do not claim any credit for but one thing. The fire was everywhere, smouldering and ready to burst out. I have only fanned it into flame and brought the dissatisfaction which existed to a head. The agitation which had for its object primarily the establishment of a farmers' college and forcing a recognition of our rights and needs in an educational point of view has widened and broadened into a grand reform movement, looking to a general overhauling of the entire Government and a thorough washing of dirty linen wherever found. If we do our work in a conservative spirit, seeking to do justice to every class and interest while looking particularly after our own, instead of injuring the Democratic party, we will, I think, by such action purtiy and save it from disruption and I possible defeat. By the way, I will, just to relieve some people's minds, give you the latest news from that interesting old lady, the Democratic party whose exact habitation no one knows. She is supposed to dwell somewhere near here, and during the ten years since '70, when purified by suffering and long fasting, she was put in charge of our affairs, they say she has grown quite corpulent, indeed nearly as fat as my distinguished friend Pharoah. She has become a little slouchy in her dress, and doesn't watch after her affairs with that close attention with which she was wont. They say she has also been beguiled into showing favor| itisrn to some of her children, and has I had one set pulling at her teats so long that they are become lusty and arrogant. They resent every criticism of their actions, and rudely shove aside any of their brothers who approach the old woman. In fact, they and their friends, the lawyers, politicians and a few editors, seem to think they are the Democratic party, and neither their mother or her other children have any rights either of speech or action. These favorites, some of whom were very silent and very lukewarm in '70 have been badly demoralized of late, and they have kept the old woman in a great pother, running to her with this tale and that ol i insurrection among the other children. She has not been upon her farm in a long ] time, and has done nothing, nor seemed to care to do anything, toward helping and { protecting those who toil there. Butler and I Ransom and Pope have told her how | farmers were prosperous, and she has bej lieved them without caring to investigate for herself. Having heard much complaint against one of her sons, Moses, and that he was very insolent to some of her favorites, whose fine linen and broadcloth excited his anger, while he and his brothers were out ac ine eioows ana oareiooieu, sni? nuu ueen particularly anxious to got hold of him and give him a spanking. But when county after county met and appointed delegates, when newspaper after newspaper got ofl the fence and either grew silent or became blatant advocates of the farmer and his rights, the good old woman finally determined to see for herself what was the matter and who it was kicking up such a racket. So she climbed to the roof of the State House, although the exertion caused much putting and blowing, and I doubt il she could have gotten up there at all, but for Col. Pope's assistance. After a long I look over the entire State, recalling among ; the farmers who are here this 'familiar face and that, which she remembered as among the foremost of those who redeemi ed the State in '7G she turned and said: , "Johnnie, you boys have been fooling me; my farmers are not prosperous. I can see that with half an eye. I shall go into this E Convention and hear what they complain 1 of and try to redress their grievances, be cause although I have neglected them, they ! are my children and have supported me. I know who to depend on, and if these boys s are going to move I am going to follow i them. I can't depend on your city chaps f and lawyers any longer. I think I shall , move back to the farm any way; my health has not been good of late, and I am ! nearlv dead for a niece of home-cured ba i con and corn bread. These farmers ought j i to raise more meat and corn, and I am j ' going to show them how to do it." i So, you may rest a.ssured fellow-citizens, , our good old mother is here, either in per son or in spirit, anxious, at last, to heed " our demands. Let moderation and harmony guide our counsels, and there is no i earthly power that can thwart us or prevent i our complete success. But there is another aspect to the political side of this movement. In and out of sea, son some editors and others, who have written for their papers, have urged, begged, demanded that we should confine ourselves solely to discussions on farming and such topics, leaving the Government and its management alone. "Talk about your crops and fertilizers, leave politics to us. We will attend to them and choose your candidates for you; we will also enact such laws as shall graciously be considered for your benefit. You are only farmers, and farmers are made to vote and put us in office." Say you men who own the soil of Sonth Carolina, who pay three-fourths of the taxes, whose devotion and courage made South Carolina Democratic and have kept her so, how do you like this wet-nursing, this pat- j ronizing, this assumption of superiority, this insufferable insolence? What freeman has not felt his heart swell with indignation and been ready to burst with anger at the idea that we don't know what we wan't, ' and must get on our knees to beg for it? I am not made of that kind of clay myself, and I hope none of you are. Let us agree upon what we think is just right for ourselves and the State and go home and take it. Let us find out here what are the wishes of the farmers about our free schools, our colleges, our system of taxation, our multiplicity of offices, our department of agriculture, our State Constitution. Let us do all this in a calm, dispassionate way, and then go home and see to it that at the next Democratic primaries and in the next State Convention men are chosen who will loyally carry' out our wishes. I care not what profession they belong to?lawyers, preachers, doctors or merchants?so they are true men and will stand on our platform. I beg you, though, to give these how-dye-do rntl/v.tm n HAC-t rPKn{?? o?*o uAro ? n <V 1 C.^l. 1 I1C1I 1 IOIO (lie g\n e j in i pity, spare them. The cry that we must | not meddle with politics reminds me of the \ ! doggerel? - ^ . "Mother may I go out to swim? Yes, you may, mv daughter, ' Hang your clothes on hickory limb, i Jint don't go nigh the water." Did you come here to take a swim on dry land? I confess I did not, and if there ? are any "Miss Nancys" among you who are afraid to exercise your rights as citizens | and taxpayers to discuss these and other questions so vital to our interests you had | as well withdrawr for we are going to take a swim in the political mill pond just for our healths' sake, and we are going into deep water at that. How else are we to remedy existing evils and lift so much of the burden of taxation from our necks as can be done ? I leave some of those who are sent heje "to restrain Tillman" to answer. I only desire to say that if others shall be as conservative as I am, not only will the State receive no detriment, but no class of i its citizens will be able to find just cause of complaint with our work. In conclusion, I desire to say this: I feel deeply and have long felt the heavy re- , sponsibility resting on me. Thereare many, both here and at home, who have high hopes of something wonderful or great being i accomplished by this Convention. Their ideas are vague and often unreasonable. I am not responsible either for these great expectations or for the fears that have been excited lest we do something terrible and dangerous. What we want and how to get *- T ma A 1.1 iyi r\ iifjf h II. J. nave nu /viauuni a iniiijj nun wmvu i to transform poverty and ignorance into , wealth and knowledge, at least in a night, nor in a decade. Our present condition has . been the slow growth of years. The recovery must be as gradual. The Israelites wandered forty years in the wilderness. We have been lost for twenty-five. If the reforms in our educational policy which I shall advocate are adopted, if our farming interest shall obtain that fostering care and attention their importances require, I think we will have touched bottpm i and the public will soon brighten with hope instead of being obscured by gloom and i darkness. I claim no inspiration but common sense, and that has been burnt into me by getting in debt, ren'ing to negroes and making cotton on bought food for horses i and hands. I have passed through the Red Sea, though it was pretty deep where I crossed it, and am on firm ground once more?"clothed and in my right mind." I still do not know how to farm, but I have learned the alphabet, and hope to get into i the First Reader after awhile. Perhaps by , the time I am dying with old age I will have learned what an agricultural college would i have taught me in four years. ! In some respects no assemblage which I has ever met in South Carolina has been , confronted with graver problems or is look j ed to with more of interest and of hope. ; i If wisdom and moderation shall guide our ! nAunonlu if loir ocwlo u 11 fVmlintrc nf col. V/WUllOCIOj 11 nc l?J WJ*v?\/ lilt tvuitii^.^ Wt uvt | fishness and animosity and apply ourselves ; i to the work before us conscientiously and , | fearlessly, great good is bound to result. If i! we do nothing more' than plant good seed , I we will not have met in vain. That what , we do shall redound to the benefit of ourselves, of our posterity and of our beloved ; State is my humble prayer. , + + We have done much, overcome much, but we are still touching with the tip of the finger many objects that we should grasp with the whole hand. We have transformed the wild rose into 5(H) roses, amazingly beautiful, have many, fifty kinds of peaches come from a wild apricot, but we have not hurried along to make our politics bring i justice and wisdom to each city, village and : i home, and to make virtue hasten from the 1 wild rose to the great upbuilding of full leaves, into a dome and crown of perfect i beauty.?Rev. David Swing. I B&r Thomas A Edison says that in "fifty years, or possibly sooner, we shall reach the 1 I electrical millennium." ^Uscellaufous Reading. GEN. JAMES LONGSTREET. The conspicuous appearanceof Gen. James J Longstreet, wearing his Confederate uniform, in Atlanta, Ga., on the 1st instant, at ( the ceremony of unveiling the statue of Hon. Benjamin II. Hill, has suddenly brought the name of this illustrious soldier prominently before the people, while his 1 participation in the ceremonies, wearing the uniform of a Confederate Lieutenant-General, has been the occasion of much newspaper comment. Gen. Longstreet's party affiliations after the close of the war were such that he was ostracised by all his former I associates, and after a lapse of twenty-one years, during which time his name was rarely mentioned, and never complimenta- , ry, by those with whom he fought for the J establishment of the Confederacy, his recent ( appearance at Atlanta, under the circum- ( stances named, was well calculated to sur- { prise not only his old war comrades, but to astonish those of the political faith with ( whom he has acted since the days of reconstruction. The scenes in which he was but ( recently one of the central figures, are thus described by a correspondent of the New York World, writing from Atlanta, on the 1st instant: ( "There is no harm in all that has been , said and done, strange as it may look and ' sound to those distant from the strange scenes. These supercharged eulogies of the South in the mighty past are but the natural outcome of a people who love their traditions above all things. This is true, regardless of their political affiliations. Look at this picture. While Mr. Grady was exciting his hearers^vith eloquent words Gen. T,nn<ystrept sat near him. He was clad in ! the full uniform of a Confederate officer. Next to Mr. Davis, the most conspicuous figure of a very noble event?indeed, over and above all else?Gen. Longstreet's appearance here illustrates the spirit of this ovation to the Con federate ex-President. He has been a Republican ever since the war, constantly filling more or less distinguished positions under its different national administrations. Ever since the surrender at Appomattox lie has been against the methods of hisold time Confederate associates. For this he has been ostracised by the people for whom he fought so well and sacrificed so much. Therefore, his appearance to-day at the ceremony, was the most significant feature, not only of it< proceedings, but of the past and future welcome to Mr. Davis. "At Montgomery among the names of the honored Confederate soldiers which are read upon flags and seen emblazoned upon mottoes, that of James Longstreet, or "Old Pete," as he was familiarly known among his soldiers, did not appear. At every turn I could hear the old soldiers, who, for the moment, had forgotten the animosities which politics had bred, ask for Gen. Longstreet. "But the managers had left his name out of the long list of honored Confederate generals everywhere displayed. Whether this desire of the veterans to see their old corps commander or some other motive dictated his invitation to this day'sevents is not certain. He was here, and he was looking almost as he did when he directed Pickett's faithful charge at Gettysburg, struck Warren in the Wilderness, or threw his battalions with irresistible force against Rosecrans at Chicamauga.* He seemed also to enjoy wearing his old uniform again, and the veteran's eye would brighten at the cheers of the old soldiers and the royal welcome the crowd gave him. At first he simply rode in the procession like any other distinguished visitors, but he was the most striking figure present. When he arrived at the grand stand and took his place on the outside, he was escorted to the platform and to the side of Jefferson Davis. This was the most touching incident of the occasion. Mr. Davis arose and the two men were fairly clasped in each other's arms. For the moment all their old animosities were forgotten, and they again remembered the days of strife. Thus they spoke for the first time since the war. After this scene they took seats side by side. Each hurriedly asked after the other's health as warmly as if the cruel differences placed between them by the reconstruction period had never existed. It was a singular sight and the people enjoyed and applauded this pathetic incident of the reunion. "After the ceremony was concluded, Gen. i Longstreet said to me: 'This occasion is a j revival of a harmless but beautiful sentiment. The old soldiers wanted to get to- j gether again, and this was perhaps the best! occasion for a meeting. It means no disre- j spect to any other section of the country, I nor is there an evidence of disloyalty in the ' display.' "We all recognize that the war is over,:' and that all the questions then submitted for decision to the sword are forever settled. , Mr. Davis, growing old, the people were anxious to see him once again, and this was j the best time to do it. Probably it is his: last appearance among us. That is all this j demonstration means, and the right to this] celebration by both the young and the old will everywhere be acknowledged. It; means nothing more than a reunion of old comrades and the revival of never fading memories. There is much more that is in- j ] teresting and pathetic in (Jen. Longstreet's J < appearance and utterance upon this occa- j ' sion. It is the one new and significant phase of all this welcome to Mr. Davis, j ; Much as Gen. Longstreet nassunerea in a; hundred ways at the hands of the people j i for whom he fought so ardently, he forgot it all to-day in the common respect for the;] civil head of the great Revolution in which j j he was a commander second only to Lee. ] It mattered not to him that he had been shut i out of their homes and had been neglected < and despised, lie otify saw the approach ] of the final wind-up of the old Confederate i cause in the meeting of the soldiers who wore the grey. 80 he took down the old uniform he has not worn since the surrender at Appomattox, put it on and appeared here to-day in the very likeness of himself twenty years ago. , "After the Hill monument had been un- ^ veiled, and Mr. Davis had made his speech, r le arose with the rest to pass off the plat- , rorm. As he stood up the crowd yelled for j Lorigstreet, hut the old soldier looked steadily at theglowing faces of his admirers, took ^ )tf his hat and would not utter a word. On ^ lis face there seemed to rest a grim smile of 1 satisfaction at the scene, and he looked the . jounterpart of some of t lie old German generals surveying thebattle (ield after the bat- J :leisover. It was indeed a singular and ( nteresting sight, heightened by following , immediately the warm-blooded, even passionate, utterances that had fallen from the * lips of all the speakers." Gen. Longstreet was born in South Caroli- ' na, in 1820. He graduated at the Military Academy, at West Point, in 1842, and was 1 an duty on the Mexican frontier till 1846. 1 He took part in the Mexican war and was seyerely wounded therein. Heattained the * rank of captain and a major's brevet; served ' subsequently in Texas and as paymaster in the United States army, being promoted * major on the staff in 1868. He resigned his ' commission to take part with the South in j the civil war, and was appointed to the command of the 4th brigade of Gen. Beaure- . gard's first corps, near Centreville, and was 1 present at the battle of Bull Bun, July 21st, ' 1861. During the early part of 1862, he was j made Major-General and won a reputation under Gen. Lee, in the campaign against * McClellan, Pope, Burnside and Meade, j After the battle of Fredericksburg, December 13th, 1862, Longstreet was promoted to the command of a corps, with the rank of 1 Lieutenant-General. He took an active 1 part at Gettysburg. He was also conspieu- \ ous for his military ability in the campaign of the Wilderness, and was severely wounded on the 6th of May, 1864, but recovered j in time to take command of his corps durinrr Uio aiorro nf Ppforchilrir T-fp mirrpnflpr ed with Gen. Lee, in April, I860. After the war Gen. Longstreet acted zealously for the restoration of harmony between the two sections. He made New Orleans his residence, and having been amnestied by President Johnson, he was so cordial to the Administration that Gen. Grant appointed him surveyor of the port of New Orleans. In 187o, he took up his residence in Georgia, and in 1880 was sent as Minister to Turkey, where he remained until 1881. He returned to Georgia aud became United States Marshal for the Northern District of that State. BENJAMIN HARVEY HILL. On Saturday, the 1st instant, the statue of the late Senator Hill, of Georgia, was un- ( veiled at Atlanta. The ceremonies attending the unveiling were of unusual interest, it being the occasion of the assembling together ol many who were conspicuous actors ( on the Confederate side of the late war, among them, Jefferson Davis, ex-President , of the Confederate States. Addresses were delivered by Dr. Spald- , ing, Governor McDaniel and Hon. J. C. C. ' Black. Mr. Black was theoratorof the occasion, and at the conclusion of his address, , in response to calls, Mr. Davis made a short ^ speech eulogistic of the man in whose honor so many of the people of Georgia were ( there assembled. Senator Hill was born in Jasper county, Georgia, September 14th, 1823. Hegradu- , ated at the State University in 1844, and entered the profession ot law, at LaGrange, Georgia, in 1845. In 1851 he was elected a member of the Legislature from Troup , county, and in 185G was elector at large on the Fillmore ticket, and in 1857 ran on the American ticket for Governor, but was de- , feated. In 1859 he was sent to the State j Senate, and in 18G0 was an elector on the | Bell and Everett ticket, lie was a member of the secession convention of January, I 1861, and was an earnest advocate for the Union until the ordinance of secession was passed, when he cast his fortune with his State. lie was elected to the provisional ' Confederase Congress, that met at Mont- ' gomery, Alabama, February, 1861, and was subsequently elected to the Senate, serving there until the close of the war. He was , arrested at his home in LaGrange, in 18G5, and confined at Fort LaFayette, until the July following, when he was released on ' parole. In 1.867, he presided at the Macon Convention, for the purpose of reorganizing the Democratic party. He was opposed to the reconstruction programme of Congress. , lie supported the Greeley movement, and ( on this line of policy competed, in January, j 1 UTO <V??< n L'linf in flm SOiltPQ StPniltP. IO iffj JU1 a ?1V? t 111 ll(V VIJIVVW His competitors were General John B. Gordon, who, though hesupported Mr. CJreeley, as the nominee of his party, disapproved of the principlcsset forth in the "New departure" platform, and Alexander H. Stevens, who was utterly opposed to the election of Greeley, as well as any departure from the principles of Jeffersonian Democracy. In this triangular contest, Gen. Gordon bore off the palm, but Mr. Ilill was elected to the Senate in 1S77. He died on the 16th of August, 1882. Malaria Exists at Great Altitl des. While malaria has its ordinary habitat in low-lying regions, it may under favorable conditions exist at great elevation. On the Tuscan Appenines it is found at a height of 1,100 feet above the sea ; on Pyrenees and Mexican Cordilleras, 5,000 feet; on the Himalayas, 6,400; on the island of Ceylon, 3,500 feet; and on the Andes, 11,000 feet. At present, the elevation of entire security lias been thus approximated for various places: In Italy, 400 to 500 feet; in California, 1,000; along the Appalachian chain of the United States, 600 feet; in the West Indies, 1,400 to 1,800 feet. In any of these regions, however, malaria may drift up ravines to an indefinite height.?Arkanmw Traveler. PASTIMES OF THE PUEBLOS. A STKAXGE PEOPLE AND TIIElIt CUJtlOUS CUSTOMS. Judge L. Bradford Priuce, who is an enhusiast in Pueblo archeology, has returned ;o his'New Mexico home from a visit to the Punkue Pueblo, forty-five miles south of Jante Fe, about which interesting rumors lave been afloat, but little has been known mtil now. It proves to be one of the Puefios that went down in the revolution in ;G80, and was destroyed by fire. It was /ery large. The walls are yet distinctly raceable and the lines of the houses well narked. The square of houses surrounding TTV+iifo nr 11 rwl ni-nrrAii rwl PfMinpil f'llfliri .HO UOtUlU) Ul UUUVlgl VUIIU V\/M??vaa icr, is about 1,200 feet on each side. The Estufa itself is about fifty feet in diameter, fudge Prince found many pieces of pottery )f unusual brilliancy of colors,and also stone ixes and hammers. Scorched corn in pots >vas found, which went through the conflagration over 200 years ago and is in a remarkable state of preservation. Judge Prince has been several years engaged in unearthing the mysteries of the incient Pueblos, and his home abounds in are relics. Among the latter is the only set if Pueblo idols known. It is composed of strange figures and curiously-marked stones, eighteen pieces in all. Though the Pueilos claim to have embraced the Catholic faith, it is known that they still reverence idols?the sun, moon and morning stars. Although they present their children to the priest for baptism on the eighth day after lirth, they go through an ancient sun-worshipping ceremony with them four or five lays before that. They are a very secre:ive people, and it is impossible to discover :he nature of this ceremony. The 12,000 members, and they are known to have remained at about that number since 1800, carefully guard this ceremonial secret. There are now nineteen towns left, only one laving been abandoned within the last nghty-five years, and that the Pecos Pueilo, the extensive ruins of which are still visible on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe oad near Glorietta. This once populous :ity was reduced to eleven inhabitants in 1840, and, taking with them the sacred fire, svhich had been kept burning for untold iges, they journeyed to Jemez, where one if them was chosen governor last year. In :he year 1040 C'orondo found the Pecos Pue dIo populous and flourishing, but its inhabitants have wasted away by war and disease in :J00 years until only eleven remained. The Pueblo government is a pure democracy. On each New Year eve they select officers in every town, the principal officers being the governor, the war captain and the eiscut, or treasurer. The latter ilso has charge of the celebrations, and heralds proclamations and the new??a walking bulletin board by virtue of his lungs. Every town has a patron saint, and that saint's day is the great event of the year. They rival each other in the extent ind loveliness af the demonstrations, and in hospitality, for every house is open, and the stranger is welcome to the best it affords. The ceremonial dances at these celebrations partake of the nature of the drama. It is the tribal mythology preserved in song and dance. The matachinos is danced by twelve men and one woman, the belle of the Pueblo. It represents the trials of Montezuma in reaching perfection and the possession of ideal female lovelinesss. The woman they call Malinche. Montezuma is represented by some active and ambitious young man, who in the course of the dance, meets with all the annoyances and difficulties that can be heaped upon him by his tormentors. lie is attacked first by one and then another, and overcomes them in turn, winding up with a terrific com-bat with an Indian decked out in imitation of a bull. Then he claims the maiden and is happy, even his late combatants joining in the praise of the victor. Mrs. Prince saw the Zariche, a dramatic dance, typical of the suffering and final victory of Hoop-pah-wah, the Aztec Achilles. She describe it as follows : "Two Indians are chosen and dressed just alike?or, more correctly speaking, are painted just alike, as that is their adornment for the ceremony. You can only get i\ faint understanding of the effect by a description of the painting. Fine white lines radiate from the mouth and eyes. One half of the body from the crown of the head to the soles of the feet is painted a bright yellow and theother halfgreen. A buckskin pad on the end of a stick isdipped in white paint and the figure patted with it, making what looks like little snowballs, eight or ten i nches apart, all over the body. The effect is very odd and striking. A cu rious necklace, or wnat are saiu 10 ue uuues of extinct animals, is worn about the necks and the finishing adornments are feathers and bows and arrows. There are two dressed in this way and exactly alike. To each is fastened a rope made of strands of hides painted green and yellow, and the opposite ends of the ropes are fastened to posts. When all is ready, weird Indian music strikes up, and the dance begins in mournful measure, increasing in fervor as it goes on.. The contortions become alarming, but are as nearly alike as the movements of double clog dancers on the minstrel stage. The ropes are finally broken, and when that happens there is great rejoicing. The assembled people shout and laugh and sing as though all worldly ills were banished and paradise at hand." The dual representation in this dance is a mystery which the Pueblos refuse to reveal. The festivals generally occur during the winter months, the summer being given to agriculture by the men, while the women nake pottery of odd design and pretty ?o!or.?Brooklyn I 'nion. Interest?How It Eats.?"One of the auses of bankruptcy is that so few persons iroperly estimate the difference between aigh and low rate of interest, and therefore aften borrow money at a ruinous rate, that ao legitimate business can stand. Very "ew have figured on the difference between six and eight percent. One dollar loaned 'or one hundred years at six per cent., with interest collected annually and added to the principal, will amount to $.'140. At eight per cent, it amounts to $2,2013, or nearly seven times as much. At three percent. the usual rate of interest in England, it unounts to $1!) 25; whereas at ten per cent., which has been a very common rate in the United States, it amounts to $13,80!), )r about seven hundred times as much. tVt eighteen per cent, it amounts to $15,145,)06. At twenty-four percent, (which sometimes we hear talked of) it reaches the enormous sum of $2,551,700,404. One hundred dollars borrowed at six per cent, with the interest compounded annually, will amount to $1,842, in fifty years, while the same$100, it eight per cent., will amount to $4,690, in fifty years. One thousand dollars at ten percent, compounded, will run up to$117,190 in fifty years.