Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, October 08, 1885, Image 1
J . - - -lewis
m. grist, proprietor, j Jitbtpcitknf jFaniHjj ftcfospjicr: Jor t|t |lr0iiiotion of tjjc |loIifintl, .Social, Agricultural antr Commercial Interests of tjjc Souflj. {terms--$2.50 a year, in advance.
VOL. 31. YOBKVILLE, S Q., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1885. JSTO. -41.
lifted ?0ftfg.
THE PAST.
Into the moonlight of the Past,
To silence ileep subsiding,
The Present, with its uproar loud,
Forevermore is gliding:
There, backward drifting more and more,
Its men and its things grow dimmer.
Till what was once as sunshine clear
Fades to a twilight glimmer.
Thus time that is to time that was
With noiseless lapse is changing,
And we that live, to shadows turned,
Will ghost-land soon be ranging :
As ranged of yore the phantoms thin,
The life worn, spent and weary,
The throngs unnumbered of the dead
Through Homer's Hades dreary.
The hours are brief while overhead
The sun for us is shining;
Then wherefore brood upon the Past,
For dead and gone repining ?
We shall not fail its phantoms pate -J
To join at last forever?
At last to know the languid tlow
Of Lethe's fabled river.
When we are gone the vears will still
Be coming and be going,
The decades into centuries swell,
No pause nor respite knowing. j
New eras take the place of old,
Old things be wholly rotten,
. Until our dwindling point of time
Long lapsed shall be forgotten.
Its modes, beliefs and arts be strange
To those for future ages,
As modes which History's sire records
Upon his hoary pages.'
For on thought's threshold still we stand,
Brute instincts low obeying;
But Mind and Reason pure will yet
Some future grand be swaying.
ihc Idler.
THE COFFIN-SHAPED BOX.
BY F. E. CHASE.
[From the Detroit Free Press.]
PART II.
At Burlington I looked eagerly about foi
my sample-box, but it was not in sight. 1
was disappointed at this, but as Shrowl
could not have had time to take it away, 1
did not feel hopeless. Leaving my box
temporarily in the station, I started out in
quest of John Shrowl. To my surprise ]
found that no undertaker bearing that name
did business in Burlington, and that no one
in that line knew of any such person. After
spending two precious hours in vain
search for this man, I returned despondently
to the station. The very demon of ill
luck seemed to pursue me. I disliked very
much to question the people in the station,
but there seemed to be no other way; be'
cause my own charge might make my quest
of Shrowl more like a matter of business.
My questions elicited the following information.
Shrowl was an undertaker doing
business in Council Bluffs. He had come
on to Burlington to meet the bodjr, which
had arrived on the train before mine, and
while waiting had stopped at the Hotel.
I learned further that my sample box had
not been taken off the train at Burlington
at all. No. 3 was "through to Omaha," and
Shrowl, who would seem to have been notified
of its arrival on this train, had put
in an appearance, bag and baggage at the
proper time, had ordered the body forwarded
to Council Bluffs and had gone on with
it. I learned at the telegraph office that
Shrowl had received a message from Detroit
the day before instructing him that
the body had been shipped. This then
was the meaning of the "Please notify."
It was addressed to this chain of undertakers
through whose hands the box was passing.
Here was a nice muss. Shrowl was
already in Council Bluffs with my samples.
He must have arrived by 7.30 o'clock surely.
I had allowed the only train that could
have got me there in time, to go on without
me, while I followed a will o' the wisp in
Burlington. The 10.40 a. m. train out ol
Chicago was the earliest through express.
and this would not get me into Conncil
Bluffs before 8.40 a. m., of the next day,
By this time the arrangements for the funeral
would have been made, and, in all probability,
the exchange discovered. I did
not mind Shrowl's discovering it?he would
have to be let into the secret in any
case?but in my absence he would at once
notify.the friends, and I should be?where ^
I did not dare telegraph to the man loi
fear the message might fall into other hands;
and, as I was a total stranger to him, il
would have to be, unfortunately, very explicit.
I thought over my list of acquaintances
in Council Bluffs, but could recall
no one in whom I dared confide. I had nc
business connection there and but few
friends. No, there was nothing to be done
but to wait for the 10:40 train from Chicago,
arriving in Burlington at 7:30 a.Jra.
It was now past noon. I gave directions
to the people at the depot to have my bos
forwarded by the midnight train, and wenl
back to the hotel. I had seven hours and
a half to kill; time enough forShrowl tc
have buried my samples a [dozen time:
over, or to have set irrevocably in motion
the entire police and detective system oi
Western Iowa. I went into dinner and
partook sparingly of beef-steak a la Shrowl
and cold shudders a la detective force. Gravy
suggested Shrowl again, and pickles the
one I was likely to find myself in. I could
not eat, so 1 arose from the table and sauntered
out into the street. The flaming posters
of a theatrical company advertised tn
play at the matinee that afternoon, caughl
my eye, and I went and purchased a tiekel
and presently found myself in the theater,
The curtain rose upon one of those lurid
compositions in which all the characters art
criminals, more or less deeply dyed, save
one who is a detective. The first act introduced
a grave robbery. I looked at my
play-bill. The principal male character was
an undertaker. I rose and went out.
I don't remember how l got through the
res* of the afternoon, but promptly at 7:3(
o'clock I appeared at the depot. I ther
learned that my train was an hour behind
time. I'm afraid I swore. I'm afraid ]
went out into the calm, peaceful evening
and smote the star-sprinkled vault of Heaven
with great waves of profanity; and il
I did, I elon't think anyone will blame me
a particle. It was 8.45 before the rumble 01
the approaching train was heard ; but when
it rolled out of Burlington it bore twc
more passengers for Councii Bluffs?one
dead, the other one only half dead with
nervousness and apprehension.
It was 10 in the forenoon of the next daj
when I slipped from the train at the Bluffs
I saw my box safely bestowed, looking
closely for some evidenee of suspicion or
the part of the depot hands, but none wa.<
apparent. A few inquiries showed me
that the information I had received concerning
Shrowl was correct. He was well
known here, and had arrived only yesterday
from the east with a body. Whose
body my informant did not know (I did
alas'!) nor what disposition had been made
of it. He gave me Shrowl's address, however,
and I started at once in quest of him
As I stepped out of the depot I heard ti
newsboy calling his papers. Something in
his cry arrestetl my attention. I listened
more closely, and my heart almost stopped
beating, fie was selling his papers on u
sensational item about a body-snatching
case ! I managed to buy a copy without
absolutely fainting away, and having put e
safe distance between myself and possible
observers, I opened it. There was the item
For the first time I saw the point of the
newspaper phrase "scare head." Half e
column of the largest and fullest face o
type vaguely outlined a case that mighi
well be mine, and wound up with the cheering
information that "the nolice are on the
track of the miscreant." I hael scarcely
strength to read the five lines of news item
that followed. I managed to do so, however,
anel felt better. The item had something
to do with me, but was purely local
I was about to throw the paper away s
when ray attention was arrested by another .
item on the same page, also, it is perhaps r
' needless to say, of a funereal east. This t
proved upon perusal, to be a notice of the
interment of a certain Janet Archer who 1
appeared to have died suddenly and at a c
distance from home. Much stress was laid, a
editorially, upon the melancholy circum- c
stances of the whole affair, the girl's parents r
being in Europe at the time of her death,
and the matter being left in the hands of a
strangers. No allusion was made to Shrowl t
in this item, and yet I did not fail to con- t
nect him with the affair, and to identify e
the charge that fate had given into my a
keeping with the unfortunate Janet Archer, r
Here was a difficulty, indeed. I had now 1:
little doubt but my box of samples had been t
buried without having been opened, and its o
true character thus discovered. I could not g
be sure of this until I had seen Shrowl, of r
course, but I felt that my prescience of the r
fact was only too correct. If so, I was safe t
for the present from discovery. At the t
same time I had this body on my hands, c
"tkinK T folf if ho coprilporp 1m fli?hnSP I
of in any way save the one planned by the
poor girls' friends, and already put into ex- b
ecution by them, as they supposed. Unfor- 11
tunately I had now no opportunity to effect i
an exchange of these boxes, Shrowl's inde- e
cent haste having put it out of my power, t
I could, for the moment, see no course of
action that particularly commended itself a
to me. But first of all I had to see Shrowl,
and make sure of my ground. b
I went at once to the address that had S
been given me, and found his place of busi- b
ness without any trouble. Mr. Shrowl was
engaged for a few moments, I was told;
would I sit down and wait? I did so, and 1
' made use of the leisure thus afforded to me, e
to plan the best method of extracting the y
information I was in search of from Shrowl; c
. a simple matter enough, now. 1<
In a short time a little pudgy chap with 1
red cheeks and a generally well-fed and b
cheerful appearance bustled into the shop, u
and was introduced to me as Mr. Shrowl. d
His appearance was a great shock to me d
and a great comfort, too; it would be very g
easy to arrange matters with a man like
. this. c
"Well, sir,?" began Shrowl in an oily s
and persuasive tone, sizing me up profession- u
1 ally with his twinkling eyes. g
"I have not called upon any matter di- u
: rectly connected with yonr business, Mr. a
, Shrowl." I began without any circumlocu
tion, "but to trace, if posible a piece of lost s
" baggage. If I am not misinformed, you left v
' Burlington on the 6.55 train yesterday I
s morning." F
"Yes," admitted Shrowl, "that's true." t
i "You were accompanying a body, were a
you not?"
| "Yes," said Shrowl, "that's true." F
[ "Then you are uo doubt the man," I said, v
r with an appearance of great cheerfulness, i
, By some mistake my trunk was exchanged h
- in Burlington, for that of a man answering t
; your description, and I have called to have f
. the blunder rectified, if possible?" t
"Hold on a bit," said Shrowl "I guess 1;
; you've got the wrong man. I had no g
i trunk." y
i "'No?' I said, as if surprised. "Why, I
1 that's strange. There could hardly have f
been two men answering that description, n
They certainly told me my checks had been
i exchanged with those of the man who was s
bringing on the body of poor Janet Archer.' a
"'Eh?'cried Shrowl. 'They couldn't have h
; told you that for they didn't know it.'
i " 'Of course not, Mr. Shrowl,' I replied, i'
'They singly said a body. But having you *
in mind this afternoon as I glanced overthe
; paper I fancifully identified you with a very o
melancholy event I saw chronicled there, t!
; and introduced the name without thinking, e
By the way, was I right in my conjecture? j
was it Miss Archer?' d
" 'Yes,' admitted the undertaker dubi- v
ously. e
i " 'Ah,' I said, 'a very sad case. Parents s
both away. So you buried her this morn- u
ing.' t
i "Yes.' But it came rather shortly. v
; "'Poor girl?poor girl. In the absence of t
i her parents and friends I suppose you did t
f not open the coffin at all ?' ji
, A long pause followed, during which s
i Shrowl and I stared at each other curiously, t
. Finally he said: n
" 'You were asking about a trunk you had o
- lost." t
[ "'Yes,' I admitted. 'I had almost for- fj
[ gotten about that. You say you have not s
' got it.' c
! " 'No.' fi
' " 'Then I need trouble you no further, o
Good morning.' " t
I "So saying I left the shop and walked a
t down the street. As I turned the corner I s
looked back. Shrowl had come out of his j
shop and was looking after me. y
I "I had found out all I wanted to know f
> from him. My samples were buried?where, g
' it would be easy to ascertain. They must e
! be exchanged for the real body of Miss t
Archer in some way. Two courses were
open to me. I could take Shrowl into my c
j confidence, and have the thing done by him, i
: or I could effect, the exchange myself. I r
t would have preferred the former course only
[ I did not see how it could be done by Shrowl
) without publicity. His standing would
j preclude the possibility of his undertaking
i to do the thing in any underhanded manf
ner for the sake of shielding me; and his
1 natural and straightforward way of man[
aging the affair would assuredly place my
secret in the keeping of others besides our
selves?if, indeed, he did not feel bound to
1 give publicity to the whole matter. The
latter course involved some risk, but was
within my power to do alone and unaided.
> I resolved to attempt it.
t "The rest of the short afternoon 1 devoted
t to investigation of the details necessary to j
be known in order to carry my purpose in- i
I to effect. Without arousing suspicion, I
; succeeded in ascertaining the exact location
i of the grave where my samples reposed.
The cemetery was on the outskirts of the
r! town, on a rather lonely road, and was
j quite unwatched. There was to be no moon
| that night according to the almanac, and
i j the lot in which the grave was situated was
) I in a hollow on the further side of the ini
closure. All this was favorable to me.
1 "Several times during the afternoon I met
! Shrowl in different parts of the town, but
; we had no further conversation. Toward
night I had a double-seated open carriage
f at the hotel stables, and inquired the neari
est road to , a town several miles disf
tant in the opposite direction from the
i ! cemetery, receiving minute instructions in t
>; reply. I warned the people in the hotel n
! I and stable that I might not be back until t
i: late, and drove off just as twilight was i
I mminff nn On niv WAV thrOUfrll the town li
p; I stopped at a hardware store and purehas- f
. ed a shovel and pick. The man was just e
: closing, but taking ine in the dim light for t
i some belated farmer, sold me the tools with- t
s out apparently wondering what a man like I
} me wanted of them. I then drove on t
through the suburbs of the city in the direc- t
I; tion of . li
| "One of the last houses I passed before I I I:
; j reached the stretch of country road was a I e
, large and pleasantly placed cottage. A j t
i i man, hanging on the gate before this house, I (
j stared at me as I went by. It was Shrowl, | r
. ; and he continued looking after me as long o
i as I could see him in the lessening light, o
i i "Once out of town, I took a cross road i:
1 i the stable man had particularly warned me a
I against, and which brought me back to the
i; city by another route. It was quite dark 1
: when I re-entered the streets. The drive 1
t had occupied some two hours already, and n
l the clocks were striking K as I drove down 0
i, toward the depot. But few loiterers were o
.; about the station now, and those few con- a
;' gregated in the gentlemen's room. I had a
i \ prepared the baggage man for the visit,
f during the afternoon, with a long yarn o
t about my recent bereavment, and found v
him waiting for me, full of sympathy, b
? With his assistance I placed the box con- c
p taining Janet Archer's body in my carriage, p
t lengthwise underneath the seats, where it c
was by no means conspicuous. My shovel r
- and pick, lying covered with a coat upon v
. the front seat, escaped his notice. We a
poke for a minute of the lonely ride to
? that I had before mo, for thus I had ex- 2
>lained to him my intentions, and then, ^
lidding him good night, I drove away.
"I had not planned to wait until a late
lour before beginning operations. The
emetcry was as deserted at S as at 12 o'clock, y v
nd there was little or no passing in its viinity.
I therefore drove at once, by a
oundabout road, to the scene of my labors.
"I had planned my campaign during the
.fternoon. A narrow lane followed one of bu
he side walls of the inclosure down to the sj2
?ack where there was no wall. They were j0(
^tending the cemetery in this direction, *
nd the lane was used by the carts which car- a"
i^d the dirt used in grading. Down this ed
ane I drove, and entering the inclosure at eij
he back, proceeded at once to the lot with- po
lit mishap. The air was sharp and I was on
;lad to get to work and start my blood to ftn
T l^o ? ? A ?v?*t fnAlc? nn o era 1 n ef flip I x.
UUIilll^. X luautu 11ij ivjwio n.v
nonument that adorned the lot, and took fe(
he seats out of the wagon. I did not dare
o light a lantern, but honed to be able to flr
oinplete my task by the dim but sufficient sej
ight of the stars. a<
"It was quite a lift for one man to get the an
iox out of the wagon, and required some (.jc
ittle engineering, but I finally succeeded tin
n placing it beside the grave. I then turn- ac]
d to get my tools. To my utter dismay ar]
hey were gone! jej
" 'My God! where is the shovel?' I cried bo
loud.
"Here," responded a familiar voice from Pq
ehind the monument, and out stepped on
ihrowl, with my shovel raised above his wj
iead threateningly. tie
" 'You!' I cried in amazement.
" 'Yes,' he replied. 'I tumbled to your
Ittle game, and have been watching you .
ver since. My suspicions were aroused by 1($
'our call on us this afternoon, though I
ouldn't quite make you out. You didn't
ook like a resurrectionist,, but you acted te<
ike one, and until I found that you had a af"'
iody of your own down at the depot, I a?
neant to have you nabbed. But after that sa
liscovery I didn't know what to think, and
lecided to play it alone. What is your
;ame, anyhow ?'" "I
"Wh? could I do ? I sat down on one ir
if the wagon seats and told him the whole .
tory. And there in the cemetery, leaning 11,1
ip against a monument besides a new made 011
;rave, that little fat undertaker laughed P?
intil even the moaning night wind put on jn
, sympathetic tone of cheerfulness. le*
" 'Well,' he said, when I had finished, 'I ?.
uppose I must help you out. But I do
vish you had come to me in the first place. lf
Jy the way,' he added, as he took up the
?ick, 'you haven't heard anything of your tn
runk, have you ?' and then he laughed Pr
gain. JJf
"In less than an hour we had my sam- u.'
iles out of the trround and in the cart, and
vere preparing"to lower the real body into
ts place, when the fancy seized Shrowl to
lave a look at the remains and make sure PJ<
hat there was no mistake this time. I coness
I was not loth to look once more upon *i(
he pale, beautiful face that had so strange- co
y fascinated me in my room in that Chica- C01
;o hotel, and in a few moments the lid had
ielded to his deft professional touch, and
again beheld the same?no, not the same Se
or the eyes were open now, and a faint TI
noan came from beneath the glass ! pe
"I grasped Shrowl's arm?I could not "g
peak?but my warning was unheeded. In TI
twinkling he had wrenched back the wi
linged lid of the inner casket, and had th<
ifted Janet Archer, alive by a miracle, as th:
t seemed, from the hideous receptacle. on
* * * * * * ph
"Of course the whole thing had to come "s
ut then. I and my sample box got into loi
he newspapers. My portrait was publish- sh
d together with those of Shrowl and Miss sir
archer, in the New York Cm- Pool, with a an
iiagram showing the 'position of the body rir
rhen found,' as is their custom in such cas- be
s. The exposure of the real contents of my rei
ample case of course made it impossible for su
ne to continue its use, and made me a bit be
imid about traveling over the same lines da
['hose employees I had so successfully vie- ed
imized. I found out by degrees, however, w*
hat the thing was regarded as an excellent foi
ake on all sides. Two good results to myelf
followed from this adventure. First, lo^
he advertising that I got out of it enabled th<
ne to more than double my business. Sec- all
nd, my samples got more careful handling th'
hereafter. So, on the whole, I was satisied.
Miss Archer, recovered perfectly. I foi
uppose I ought to have married Miss Ar- an
her, really, in order to give roundness and nil
inish to this narrative; and there is only tie
ne reason why I didn't try. The fact was on
hat I had already a wife and two children '
t home in P at the time. The rea- sti
on why Miss Archer wouldn't have had ir.e fill
f I had tried, existed in the shape of a "s
oung man, now her husband who never wi
ails to testily to me, wnen we meet, nis sui
ratitude for the care and attention I show- to
d to his wife during that journey we once les
ook together. to<
"Shrowl is still the first undertaker in
touncil Bluffs. If you ever die there?and r
don't know a better place to die in?pat- ]3ft
onize him." crj
- an
ed
acl
( '' tet
ter
REV. MOSES A. HOPKINS. "hi
The Rev. Moses A. Hopkins, who has
icen appointed by President Cleveland as stfl
ninister to Liberia, is in the fullest sense of
he phrase a self made man. Horn a slave, J,
n Montgomery county, \ra., he, through ^
lis own energy and industry, gained his ,
reedom and as soon as this was accomplish- *
d began to save money to obtain an educa- s"
ion. Having acquired sufficient means he fP
ook up a course of studies at the Lincoln , 1
University, Pa., and graduated thence in 1,0
lie claw of 1,X7">. He also frraduatod from
he Auburn, New York, Theological Semi- ]fp
lary. In addition to his services as a Pres- ,S1
iyterian clergyman he has been engaged in
ducational pursuits and was Principal of (lrhe
State Normal School at Franklin ton, N. sta
for a number of years. He was highly S?
ecommended by Governor Scales and other
fticials of North Carolina, as well as by
ther men of prominence outside of his
Itate, for the position to which he has been
ppointed.
Liberia is a republic on the west coast of Hfj
Africa, and was founded in 1S20 by the ,
American Colonization Society. It was
nade an independent State in 1847. It has un
00 miles of coast line and an average width 0C(
f 100 miles. The government is modeled
fter that of the United States. All men
re born free and equal; elections take pr<
ilace by ballot, and every male citizen tin
wning property has the right to vote. No rat
rhite man can become a citizen, and none ed
ait citizens may acquire real estate. The ab:
apital is Monrovia and has an estimated is<
mpulation of ">,000. The climate is tropi- all
al and very unhealthy to the Caucasian in<
ace, although the natives are robust and sor
igorous. The total population is estimated set
t l,0"?o,000 souls. cal
UisteUancotts fteadmg.
HOW TO CURE TOBACCO.
STItVCriOSS BY A VETERAN TOBACCO
a ROWER.
Raleigh Correspondence News and Courier.
The bams in which the curing is clone are
ilt of logs, pine as a rule. The favorite
:e is 18 feet square and 20 feet high. The
js which should be about 7 inches in dileter,
are cut 18 feet in length, and notchat
the ends. After putting up seven or
jht logs all around, notch on a set of o-tier
les, about half the size of the logs, having
e close alongside each of the side walls,
rl sn dividiner tho distance for tho others HS
make four "rooms," or spaces, about four
it wide. Put up three logs all around,
en five more tier poles exactly over the
st set, and so continue until there are five
ts of tier poles up. On top of the barn put
'cabin roof," in which tiers are also placed,
d cover the roof with sawed or riven
ipboards, leaving at the top or "comb" of
e roof a 10 or 12-Weh opening all the way
ross. This is fpr ventilation and can be
ranged with a broad board, to be closed or
't open as may be required. The whole
dy of the building is made as nearly airrht
as possible, by chinking with small
lesand daubing with mud mortar. Hinge
a close fitting door for the doorway,
lich is cut opposite and under one of the
ir pole spaces.
THE FLUES.
At one end of the barn two of the bottom
*s are cut out to within five or six inches
the side wall. Two furnaces are built in
is opening, one at each corner, about eighin
inches from the side wall. They
3 usually about six feet long, extending
out four feet inside the building and
owing about two feet outside. They
ould be about eighteen inches square on
e inside, and built of brick arched over
e top, or of stone with a flat covering,
le flues are suitably fitted in these and exnd
alongside the barn wall, about eighteen
ches distant, and at an inclination of about
e-half inch to the foot. Reaching the op
site corner tney eidow ana meet in a x,
idway the end wall. Then a return pipe
ids from the T back through the middle
the building and out in a chimney about
c feet high, on the surface end of the barn,
le flues are simply sheet iron pipe, ten or
elve inches in diameter, and in laying
em down the same inclination should be
eserved?as near as may be?rising all the
ly from the furnace to the entrauce into
e chimney. Flues are' constructed in va)us
ways, some with stone or brick, or
en mud, walls, covered with sheet iron;
t the sheet iron flues, made in setscom2te,
and sold at about (1 cents per pound,
b the best, and displace all other systems.
Bated air is what is needed to cure tolmc,
and that must be secured in a safe and
nvenient way.
cutting and filling the barns.
From the loth of August to the loth of
ptember the plants are ripe and ripening,
lis is known by their yellow color and a
culiar thickening of the leaf, termed
raining." The plants are now to be cut.
lis is done by splitting down the stalk
th a knife to within four or five inches of
e bottom leaf and cutting off just below
at. A boy or a girl holds the "sticks,"
e at a time, and upon these the cutter
ices the plants, one at a time. The
ticks" are of pine, four and a half feet
lg, one inch in diameter. The plants
ould be fully ripe before cut. Each barn
ould be filled with tobacco of uniform size
d color, so as to secure uniformity in cuig.
As soon as it is cut the tobacco should
placed in wagons (which should be in
idiness) and placed upon a long frame
itably fitted to the wagon, so that it can
hauled to the barn with the least possible
mage, by break or bruise. If it is allowto
lie upon the ground after being cut the
irmth of the sun will wilt it and unfit it
curing.
Very large and brittle tobacco may be al,ved
to lie a very short time exposed to
b sun to prevent damage by breaking, but
other should be immediately carried to
e barn.
An eighteen foot square building as be e
described will hold about four hundred
d fifty sticks, placed on the tiers seven to
ne inches apart. The lower, or "ground
irs," are always left vacant, being put in
ly for convenience in hoistingthe tobacco,
rhe plants should be well regulated on thecks,
and in hoisting, each room should be
led all the way from bottom to top, being
hingled" in, so that the tips of the leaves
11 come between the heads or butts of the
ilks of each successive tier. This is done
allow the plants to swing clear, as the
if will not cure well when doubled up, or
i closely crowded together.
the process of curing,
rhus cut and arranged in the barn, the tocco
is ready for curing. This is the most
tical juncture in tne wnoie management,
d the process must be conducted by a skiloperator.
No barn of tobacco can be extlylike
another. It is larger or smaller,
irser or finer, of different color, and eonjuently
the process of curing has to be va(I
according to the character of the tobacIf
it comes very yellow from the hill
(1 is small of size, a much shorter time
II be required for curing than if it is
?ener and larger. From seventy-two to
iiety-six hours will be required to cure,
d as a guide to those who are ignorant of
s methods, two extreme examples are
/en.
I. Tobacco very yellow and ripening thin,
irt the fires and gradually raise the temrature
to 100? in three to five hours. Let
remain at this about twelve hours, or unthe
"lugs" (or bottom leaves) require
ire heat to keep them from "sponging,"
turning red. In five hoursanore go up
)?; let this stand until the tips are yelved
as desired; then go up two and a
If or three degrees an hour until a temrature
of 1.30? is reached. Then close the
ening at the top of the barn and let the
nperature stand at 130? until the leaf is
red. This will require usually from fif:n
to twenty hours. Then increase the
nperature three or four degrees an hour
til 180? is reached. At this remain about
ree hours; then reduce the temperature
1G0? or 170? and let that continue until the
,1k is cured. This can be ascertained by
examination of the tobacco hanging over
3 door or in a corner near the door. If
3 sterns of the tip leaves are perfectly dry
iere they join the stalk, all is safe.
I. Tobacco large, with thick leaf, and
ghtly yellow on the hill. Start the fires
d let the temperature goto 80? in from
ree to five hours; then go to 90? in six
urs; then to 100? in seven hours. Let it
ind at that until the "lugs" or bottom
ives are as yellow as can be without
ponging," or turning red. Then increase
3 temperature to 110?, and if that does not
y the lugs fast enough, go to 1 If)0 and let it
nd at that until the tips are yellow ; then
up one and a half or two degrees an hour
til 130? is reached, and let it stand until
3 leaf is cured?usually lrom twenty-four
thirty hours. Then close the opening at
3 top of the barn as in the other example,
len increase the temperature two or three
rrp<ip?nn hour until 180? is reached, and at
it let it stand four or live hours. Then
Dp to 1(50? or 170?, and let it stand there
til thecure is completed. This will in all i
;upy about 90 hours.
THE THEORY OF CL-RIXO.
The curing of tobacco is an evaporative j
Dcess, and consequently the opening at j
} top should not be closed until the expiion
of about forty-eight hours. The heator
dried air, ascends through the tobacco,
iorbind a portion of its moisture, which
carried out through the top. If not thus j
owed to escape freely, this dried air, hav^
become impregnated with moisture abbed
from the tobacco, will condense and
tie upon the leaves, producing what is
led "sweating," ami spoil the cure. It
is well also, while the top remains open, to
have some small openings over and between
the furnaces near the ground. This will
create a draught and cause the moist air to
move out quicker, and thus prevent all danger
of sweating. A frequent examination
of the tobacco at the top of the barn will
greatly aid in following the above directions,'but
withal, a practical experience is
absolutely essental to success.
THE PROCESS OF GETTING THE LEAF IN
"ORDER."
After the curing, the tobacco being perfectly
dry, it will be necessary to bring it to
the proper condition for handling, which
can be clone by what is known as "ordering."
The process is as follows : Cover the
flues thickly with wet straw and keep this
straw constantly and thoroughly saturated
with water. Raise the temperature to about
00 rlfxrrppsj Thisrniiisps t.ho vanor toascend
I and this must be done until the tobacco be!
comes soft and pliant enough to be handled
I without damage. This process should be
commenced two or three hours before daylight,
so that the tobacco can be removed
from the barn before the sun has risen
enough to dry it. If the weather is warm
or the atmosphere damp the right condition
of moisture may be secured by leaving the
door open during the night.
STORING CURED TOBACCO.
The most approved plan in storing is to
j double or treble the quantity on the sticks
[ by rehanging and placing the tobacco nearI
er together. Lay the sticks in a coop with
the "butts" of the stalks outward. By doing
this the leaf is not so liable to be affected
by the frequent changes of temperature
of the late autumn, winter and spring, but
retains its color and improves in flavor.
Tobacco which "has a greenish tinge will improve
in both color and flavor. A closely
boarded and well covered frame house, with
close plank floor, left so that the air can pass
freely underneath, is the best for storing
and after handling, but a great many planters
pack it away in log barns on planks laid
upon the lower tiers, while others store it in
the upper rooms and garrets of their dwellings.
STRIPPING THE LEAVES FROM TIIESTALKS.
This is done in damp weather when the
leaf becomes soft enough to handle and tie
in bundles. It is necessary in such seasons
to hang up as much as can be stripped in
a day on the tier poles of the barn to allow
it to come in order to handle, but not long
enough to become too soft, in which case it
i is easy to bruise and liable to change color.
i The leaves are pulled off the stalks hy
I skilled hands, separated according to quali|
ty and color into seven or eight grades, and
j classed, as sand lugs, smooth lugs, first,
second, third and fourth grades of leaf,
I bright and dark tips.
An assorter pulls off from one to three
| leaves at the butt of the stalk and drops
them in a pile to be tied in bundles by a
boy or girl. These are the "sand lugs," or
i common smokers. One to three of the next
I leaves are "smooth lugs," or fancy smokers,
j These are held in hand by the assorter and j
six or eight leaves together are tied by him i
j in bundles. All the ragged, or worm eaten j
leaves go to one class or one or the other of I
the "smokers." The remainder of the plant
is then thrown into a pile which is separated
into the different grades of leaf and tips
as before mentioned, and tied as the other
1 in bundles.
j All the grades are kept separate and hung
upon sticks for convenience in ordering,
j It is laid down in "coops" and weighted so
i as to be kept close. Before carrying to
| market, if it is found too dry, it should be
I hung up during a damp season and allowed
i to come in "market order." The stems
i should bend without breaking nearly the
j whole length of the leaf. In this condition
> it is delivered at the market warehouses,
' where it is offered for sale.
WHAT IT WILL BRING.
The average price ot well-cured yellow or
j "bright" tobacco is about 40 cents per
! pound. Some of the fancy grades, in small
' lots, sell as high as $2 or $3 per pound.
| Often a crop is sold in the hill, before curing,
| at $100 to $200 per acre. Many farmers realize
from $300 to $o00 per acre on the crop.
Snake Peculiarities.?In an article
about the animals at the Philadelphia Zo|
ological Garden, the Ledger, of that city,
: says: "The snake power of hissing is exem:
plified, to a remarkable degree, in the big,
| ugly, grayish pine snake of New Jersey
i and elsewhere. This snake is not poisonous,
j but it is said there are many New Jersey
j husbandmen who would not believe the
j statement;, msiue me iuww jtvw i? ?, wmatie
formation, which enables these snakes,
; after tilling their bodies with air, to make
: the dreaded hissing sound. There is a pej
culiar sensitiveness in the tails of many
snakes, and in no serpent at the "Zoo" is
this more readily seen than in the pine
snake. When its tail is touched it will
; glide away as fast as it can, but when it is
] teased by touching some other part of the
I body it will give vent to its madness by hisI
sing. Mr. Thompson says that even rattle!
snakes can be routed if a person only has a
chance to toy with their tails.
Mr. Thompson explains how he take.#the
venom liquid from the mouths of rattle|
snakes. He has collected a considerable
I quantity of venom for I)r. S. Weir Mitchell,
who it'is said has been engaged for some
time in the work of ascertaining the compoi
nent parts of the poison. Mr. T. uses a lasso
formed of a stick, to which a leather strap is
fastened so as to form a loop at one end. A
! person holding the longer end and pulling
j the strap tightens the loop about the neck of
| the snake, and then Mr. Thompson, by seiz|
ing the neck of the serpent with his right
hand, forces its mouth open. With a plate
| held in his left hand he collects the venom
as the fangs of the snake are vainly operaI
ting on the ehinaware or glass. A large di.
amond rattlesnake will deposit a teaspoon*
i ful of the poison, which is of a deep yellow
color, and looks something like melted but|
ter. After the poison has been in a bottle :
I for some time it changes into small yellow <
crystals.
fits'" One of the most curious properties of <
quicksilver is its capability of dissolving or
i forming amalgams with other metals. A
1 sheet of gold foil dropped into quicksilver,
j disappears almost as quickly as a snow Hake
I when it drops into water. It has the power
; of separating or of readily dissolving those
refractory metals which are not acted upon
: by our most powerful acids. The gold and
silver miners pour it into their machines
holding the gold bearing quartz, and, although
no human eye can detect a trace of
the precious substance, so fine are the par|
tides, yet the liquid metal will hunt them
out and incorporate it into its mass. By j
' subsequent distillation it yields it into the ;
hands of the miners in a state of virgin
purity. Several years ago, while lecturing
before a class of ladies on chemistry, we had
i occasion to purify some quicksilver by fore- (
ing it through chamois leather. The scrap
remained on the table after the lecture, and
an old lady, thinking it would be very nice
to wrap her gold spectacles in accordingly
' appropriated it to that purpose. The next
mnniinnr tho omlrl had in vstprinnsl v disnn- ,
peared and nothing was left in the parcel (
but the glasses. Sure enough the metal remaining
in the pores of the leather had (
amalgamated with the gold and entirely i
destroyed the spectacles.
Tiie Grandest of Volcanoes.?Many <
have attempted to scale Cotopaxi, the loftiest
of active volcanoes, in South America, 1
but the walls are so steep, and the snow is so 1
deep that ascent is impossible, even with
scaling ladders. On the south side of the i
Cotopaxi is a great rock, more than 2,000
feet high, called the "Inca's Head." Tradi- 1
tion says that it was once the summit of the <
volcano, and fell on the day when Atahuallpa
was strangled by the Spaniards. Those i
who have seen Vesuvius can judge of the (
grandeur of Cotopaxi if they can imagine a
volcano 15,000 feet higher, shooting forth (
its tire from a crest covered by 3,000 feet of
snow, with a voice that has been heard 000 t
miles. 1;;
When Advertising is Wanted.?
There's nothing on earth so mysteriously
funny as a newspaper advertisement. The
prime, first, last and all-the-time object of
an advertisement is to draw custom. It is
not, was not and never will be designed for
any other human purpose. So the merchant
waits till the busy season comes and the
store is so full of customers he can't get his
hat off, and then he rushes to the newspapers
and puts in his advertisement. When
the dull season gets along and there is no
trade, and he wants to sell goods so bad he
can't pay his rent, he takes out his advertisement.
That is, some of them do; but
occasionally a level headed merchant scoops
all the business, while his neighbors are
making mortgages to pay the gas bill.
There are times when you couldn't stop
people from buying everything in the store
if vou ulanted a cannon behind the door,
and that's the time the advertisement is
sent out on its holy mission. It makes
light work for the advertisement, for a
chalk sign on the side-walk could do all
that was needed and have a half holiday six
days in the week, but who wants to favor
an advertisement? They are built to do
hard work, and should be sent out in the
dull days when the customer has to be
knocked down with hard facts and kicked
insensible with bankrupt reductions and
irresistible slaughter of prices before he will
spend a cent. That's the aim and end of
the advertisement, and, it you ever open
a store, don't try and get them to come
when they are already blocking up the
doorway and sticking out of the windows,
but give them your advertisement right
between the eyes in the dull season, and
you will wax rich on a fast horse, and perhaps
be able to smoke a good cigar once or
twice a year. "Write this down where you
will fall over it every day. The time to
draw business is when you want business,
and not when you have more business than
you can attend to already.?Journalist.
A. J. WARNER.
The silver question is the great issue of
the day, and President Cleveland's administration
will, in a great measure, be judged
by the stand he takes in the matter. The
difficulties that have been met in trying to
force the Bland dollar into circulation show
that the Bland bill has outlived its usefulness.
The vaults of the United States Treasury
are now filled to overflowing with the
ponderous metal and the coinage still continues
and must continue until the bill is
repealed. The value of the Bland dollar
varies with the quotations of the London
silver market from eighty-one to eightynine
cents. At present the value is about
eighty-three cents. France is also having
trouble with the silver coinage, her trouble
being caused by the vast amount of the
silver coin of Belgium held by the moneyed
institutions. In our own country the
friends and opponents ot silver seem equally
determined; the one that coinage must
stop, and the other that it shall goon. As
silver is the product of the country, its
friends assert that it should be used to the
greatest extent. The East is practically a
unit in the demands that the silver bill
shall be repealed, and many of the metropolitan
journals devote, day after day, columns
of space to the subject. The bankers
and financiers are unanimous in their denunciation
of silver coinage, predicting financial
disaster if the present course is persisted
in. A number of prominent men,
seeing the determined stand that the friends
and foes of silver have taken, have come
forward as peace-makers,seeking tosmoothe
over the difficulties of the situation. Of
these none is more prominent than A. J.
Warner of Ohio, the author of what is known
as the Warner Compromise measure.
This measure seeks to restrict the coinage
of silver and to issue therefor silver certificates,
for which bullion purchased by the
Government and deposited in the treasury
vaults will be collateral. Warner has been
making strenuous efforts during the summer
to cain suuDorters to his scheme, and
whilst others have been rusticating, has visited
many members of Congress.
A. J. Warner is a native of New York,
having been born in Erie county, January
18th, 1884. lie received his education at
Beloit, Wisconsin,and in the New York C'en- ,
tral College, N. Y. After graduating he
made his way to Pennsylvania, where he
was principal of the Lewiston Academy
and superintendent of public schools of
Mifflin county. From 1807 to 1861 he was
principal of the Mercer Union Schools. In
1861 he entered the army a.s captain in a
Pennsylvania regiment and was successive- j
ly advanced to the rank of Lieut. Colonel,
and Brevet Brigadier General. He served
through the war, participated in a number
of engagements, was wounded at Antietam,
and was honorably discharged. After the j
close of the war he took up the study of the j
law and was admitted to the bar in 1S05.
He was sent to the Forty-sixth and Fortyeighth
Congresses. He resides at Marietta,
Ohio.
What is Moderate Drinking ??It is i
the great deceiver of nations, promising I
health and long life, yet destroying more by j
its tendencies than war, famine, or the!
plague.
It is a sweet morsel in the mouth, but!
gravel in the stomach.
It is the A B C of drinking; the picture- j
book leading the young and thoughtless to !
the worst lessons of intemperance.
It is a regular quack medicine, making |
splendid promises, but performing no cure, |
and yet demanding an enormous pay.
It is the starting point to the work-house, i
the asylum and the gallows.
It is a light-fingered gentleman, who feels
every corner of the drawer, and goes to the
very bottom of the purse.
It is the first step in an inclined plane of I
rapid descent, smooth as marble and slip-1
nprvr sis srlass enrlino- in an nbvss of ruin.
r~? ' r, ?/ - --
It is a beautiful serpent, in whose fangs
[leadly venom are concealed by the dazzling j
of its coils.
It is hypocrisy personified, an affected I
outside sobriety, while all is agitation and :
uncleanness within.
It is the landlord's bird line, by which he 1
secures his victims and fastens them in a
-age. |
It is an ignis fatuus, tempting its fated [
followers over trembling bogs, and tumb- j
ling them down a frightful precipice.
It is the whirlpool of ruin, in which thou->
sands have sunk to rise no more.
It appears as an angel of light, assuming j
;he smiling countenance, but in reality is a!
lemon of the bottomless pit.
It is like a perpetual dropping, injuring a
nan's constitution far more than occasional!
lrunkenness.
It is the birthday and birthplace of all the
lrunkenness we have in the land.
It provides an army of reserve to recruit
he ranks of the sixty thousand destroyed
mnually bv strong drink. 1
The Duty to Be a Lady.?It is the
first duty of a woman to be a lady. Good
breeding is good sense. Bad manners in
woman is immorality. Awkwardness may
be ineradicable. Bashfulness is constitutional.
Ignorance of etiquette is the result
of circumstances. All can bo condoned, and
do not banish man or woman from the
amenities of their kind. But self-possession,
unshrinking and aggressive coarseness of
demeanor may be reckoned as a State prison
offense, and certainly merits that mild
form of restraint called imprisonment for
life. It is a bitter shame that they need it.
Women are the umpires of society. It is
they to whom all mooted points should be
referred. To be a lady is more than to be a
prince. A lady is always in her right inalienably
worthy of respect. To a lady,
prince and peasant alike, bow. Do not be
restrained. Do not have impulses that need
T^/~? %**s\4- fn rlonnn U'lfK tho
restraint. xj\j iiuc >vion tv/ uauw uivu v?>v
prince unsought; feel differently. Be such
that you confer your honor. Carry yourself
so loftily that men shall look up to you
for reward, not at you in rebuke. The natural
sentiment of man toward woman is
reverence. He loses a large means of grace,
when he is obliged to account her a being
to be trained into propriety. A man's ideal
is not wounded when a woman fails in
worldly wisdom ; but if in grace, in tact,'in
sentiment, in delicacy, in kindness she
should be found wanting, he receives an inward
hurt.'? Gail Hamilton.
Advice to Newspaper Readers.?
Never borrow a paper. This is important.
Never believe anything you read in a
newspaper that doesn't agree with what you
think. This saves wear and tear on your
convictions.
Always speak slightingly of the newspaper
you happen to read. This impresses
people who don't know you with the idea
that you area very superior sort of a person.
When a newspaper opposes your candidate
always accuse the editor of having a
personal spite against him. That is the way
you would act if you were the editor, you
know.
When you finish reading the paper throw
it down contemptuously and remark loudly
and impressiveiy that "there's nothing in
the papers nowadays." This carries weight
with those people who overhear you and
are unable to read themselves.
" " - 4-n
Ten every one uim uewapnpcio uu^m iw
be cheaper. The cheaper you can get them
the better they will be. You know how
that works on other lines of business.
Write frequent letters to the editor telling
him how to conduct his business. This is
one of the things he enjoys most of anything.
It shows him that whatever disadvantages
his work may have, he is much
more to be envied than a bilious, dyspeptic,
conceited, asinine, ignorant, bumptious,
boresome crank. It makes him satisfied
with his lot. But send your letter by mail.
Why ? The editor may be a larger man
than you are.?New York Graphic.
Greenbacks.?"Old Greenbacks." was
the soubriquet given to Secretary Chase In
the army, from the green ink with which
the backs of the United States paper money
was printed. This ink was invented by
Stacy J. Edson, and patented in 1857, as
antiphotographic. It could not be photographed
on account of its eobr, and could
not be dislodged by alkalies by the counterfeiters
to get a complete facsimile of the
bills, and as it was a secret known only by
the American Bank Note company and the
inventor, it was impossible to counterfeit
the greenback money. It was used by
many banks before the war, but was never
a leading feature in the bill; but even if the
composition of Ink had been known, it
would have been of no use, as the work
n/->f Kq nnMiorl fpnm t.hp frpntlinfi hills
WUXU I1WV WV V..W Q
with any kind of inks. The date of the
patent could be seen on all the bills, in
small print. Old General Spinner wanted to
have Congress enact a law making the counterfeiting
of national notes a capital offence,
as was once the case in Great Britain, and
to have them bear the legend which had
been on the bills then issued by the Bank
of England : "To Counterfeit is Death."?
Ben. Perley Poor.
< ? ? - Imprisonment
for Debt in Mexico.?
When an American settles in Mexico he
should be prepared to pay cash for everything,
and if he knows what is good for him
he will take a receipted bill when he pays
out money. If he omits these precautions
he may wake up some fine morning in debt.
In Mexico, to be in debt is the worst thing
that can happen to a man. Under the Mexican
law the creditor can have the debtor
arrested on the day when the debt falls due.
The prisoner in such cases is chained to a
post guarded by an officer.
At the end of the time, if the money is
not forthcoming, the man's labor is sold to
the government for 40 cents a day for as
many days as will be necessary to discharge
the obligation. The miserable debtor is sent
to the silver mines, where he is chained to a
gang of felons and compelled to labor underground.
He sleeps underground, and never
sees daylight again until ne is restored to
freedom. Not only do ignorant Mexicans
fall victims to this cruel system of slavery,
but foreigners residing in the country occasionally
get caught in a tight place, and
their creditors send them to the mines,
where the majority of them die.?Atlanta
Constitution.
, Historic Buildings in Washington.
The old capitol is a thing of the past. The
building has been transformed into three
private residences. An army officer occupies
one and a justice of the United States
supreme court another. The old capitol
was built in four months and cost $30,000.
On the fourth of July of the year 1815 there
was a crop growingon the ground whereon
Monday, December 4, of the same year,
Congress met. The British destroyed the
capitol in 1814. They also partially destroyed
the white house the same day, August
24. The following Congress met at Blodgett's
hotel, which was located ou the present
site of the post office department build
ing. After the capitol building had oeen
rebuilt, the temporary, or as it has ever
since been known as the old capitol, was
turned into boarding houses. They were
most patronized by .Southern Congressmen.
.John C. Calhoun died in one of them.?Neio
York Herald.
The Significance of Rings.?It is understood
that a gentleman who desires to
marry wears a plain or chased gold ring
upon'the first finger of the left hand. When
he becomes engaged the ring passes to the
second finger. After marriage it passes to
the third finger. If, however, the gentleman
desires his lady friends to clearly understand
that he is not "in the market" and
does not wish to marry at all, he wears the
signet upon his little finger. This will inform
all the ladies that he is beyond reach.
With the ladies a plain or chased gold ring
on the little finger of the left hand indicates
"not engaged," or "ready for an offer."
When engaged the ring passes to the third
fiuger on the right hand. When married
the third finger on the left hand receives the
ring. When a young lady desires to defy
all suitors she places rings?one on the first
and one on the fourth finger.
Some one tells the story of a well-buck-4
.u?. Kon.i 11 oo it was Irpnf, p-nint?
UL UUll ^1 Ulliuicu uv.vuuuv ?w ,, . 0 n
up and down the deep well, and could not
see that it did any good. It did not empty
the well, for whenever it went down there
was just as much wateras ever. And when
it came up full the water was carried away,
and it never knew what became of it. A
good deal of our work in this world seems
as discouraging as that of the bucket. We
dip away at the sin and misery around us,
and yet cannot see that it is materially diminished.
We try to do good, but often we
cannot trace the result of our efforts. Yet
our grumbling is as foolish as that of the
bucket. If it could have known how many
thirsty ones the water carried from it refreshed,
how many faces it cleansed, how
many stains it washed away, it would have
rejoiced in its mission.