Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lewis m. grist, proprietor, j 3U Inbepcnbcnf Jkmil|t fttfosjrapcr: .for fjjt promotion of % political, Social, ^grintltal anb Commercial litftrds of iljt Soufjr. {terms--$2.50 a year, in advance. VOL. 31 YORKVILLE, 8 C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1885. NO. 40. Ihf Mlet. THE COFFIN-SHAPED BOX. BY P. E. CHASE. [From the Detroit Free Press.] PART I. "It was an idea of my own," saiS the drummer, "and one upon which I used to pride myself not a little. For a time it worked very well, but it finally got me into what came near being a serious scrape, and I was glad to abandon it. "I was traveling at that time for a crockery house, one of the leading concerns in that line in P . Of course, the samples by which I sold were mainly represented by photographs, but I was introducing also a line of decorated goods, to illustrate which photographs were wholly inadequate, and of these I was forced to carry actual samples. / "As you can readily imagine the break age in transportation of goods or tnis wass was something enormous, and as their cost was in many cases high, constitued quite an item in ray expense account. I had trunks especially constructed with compartments shaped to contain the several articles I carried, and lined with flannel and other soft materials but all to no purpose. The handling they received on the railways would have cracked an anvil; and despite every precaution, I continued to suffer'not only a mouev loss, but a serious inconvenience from the constant destruction of my samples. "Things had gone on in this way for several months before the idea occurred to me of which I spoke. I was one day standing in the Boston & Albany Railroad station in B enjoying a cigar before the starting of ray train, and experiencing the comfort we all get out of seeing some one else work. They were rushing the baggage on board at a tremendous rate and with the usual amount of damage. I had just seen my sample trunk dropped souie seven feet from the top of a heavily laden truck to the platform, and was mentally engaged in figuring up my probable loss by the operation, when I observed two men wheeling an oblong box toward the train with exceptional care. A second glance explained their remarkable and unusual behavior. It was Ollt; U1 must; lUUgii tnaca ill nuii.il \.uuui^ are packed for shipment, and probably contained the body of some poor devil, perhaps in my own homeless line of business, who had died, as I had to live, far away from home and kindred. The truck that carried the body had by this time reached the car door where the demolition of baggage was temporarily suspended, and with the gentlest of hands the box was being lifted to its place in the car. By jove, I thought, if I could only secure such treatment for my samples. And then came the idea. "What if I were to have a sample case made so far as external appearance went, like one of these boxes. I need not commit myself to any statement of its contents. Only let the legend 'This side up' be stenciled conspicuously on the top, and 'Head' at one end of the cover, and but one inference would be possible. I might have to pay heavy rates for transportation, but that would be nothing compared to my loss by breakage. I could see no objection to the idea save on the score of taste, and heaven knows if that were made a ground of objection, men in my line would find it pretty sledding. I was not quite sure as to whether any penalty might attach, or any legal bar exist to such a proceeding, but I resolv. (ed to chance that. "I gave the matter a good deal of thought at oaa times aunug me trip, ana nimuy communicated the the idea to the house. It took with them immensely, and on my return I found my plans already carried out, and a sample box, the exterior of which would have made an undertaker's heart leap for joy, awaiting me locked in the private office of our senior. "A certain amount of secrecy was, of course, necessary to insure the success of my plan, and I was therefore compelled to pack my samples after the store had been closed for the night, and to convey the box away under cover of the darkness. The associations of the hour and the almost too convincing freight made me feel like a resurectionist; and I am not quite sure whether the strange expressman whom I employed to take the box to the depot regarded ine as a grave robber or in the light of a red handed murderer disposing of the remains of his victim. He did not formulate his doubts but charged me double rates, which amounted to the some thing. "I was a little nervous about my first trip with the new sample box, but the results far exceeded anything I had dared to hope for. The samples were everywhere acepted as agenuiue cadaver, and treated accordingly; and for the first time in years I was enabled to show my customers something besides broken crockery. 1 was put to some trouble, it is true, in making arrangements and to considerable expense. I was also forced to dress always in black while on the railways and to preserved appropriately dismal expression. This latter, thanks to the deadly cuisine of most railroad restaurants, was comparatively easy. I was somewhat embarrassed, besides, in the hecrinnine'. bv beimr frequently consult ed by train hands and others in a most respectful whisper regarding the deceased, but I soon jot used to that. The worst of all was the isolation from the congenial smoking-car set that was forced upon me by circumstances. Regarded variously as the man in charge of the remains, as the young man taking his father, brother, aunt or what not, West for burial, or as the poor young fellow, only married a year, and taking his wife back to the country home they had left only twelve short months since, etc.?regarded thus I was exiled from the society of men and the more congenial of the other sex, and only approaced by elderly women, of unattractive exterior and tearful tendencies, who wasted quarts of tears and oceans of sympathy over me, regarded in various hypothetical lights. Who originated the several theories of bereavement that were made to connect me with my samples I never could ascertain, but every old woman had a new one in which she appeared to implicitly believe, and offered condolences accordingly. All this was hard to bear, but my samples were meanwhile intact, and that consoled me. "Once out of P I found that the risk of discovery of my trick was practically nothing. My trips were long ones, never occupying less than four months, and took me far into the West and South. Thus, as my trade lay mainly in the large towns, I had always a choice of routes; and, in fact, during the two years that I used my coffinshaped box I never but once was forced to make two journeys over the same railway line. Thus I took no one into my confi i 1L. L ...U w.V, aence except wie nuiei iJiupuciuis, nmui was a necessity. To them I was obliged to explain my trick, but as I was, by virtue of my large business connections, a good customer, they kept my secret well. They used to give me a room on the office floor into which my box was conveyed with due ceremony and respect, and there I was able to carry away my samples singly as required. As I patronized only the largest hotel, my doings usually passed unnoticed in their bustle and rush of business. Only once was I annoyed by the notice of a guest of the house; and he turned out to be the inventor of a patent embalming process, who, of course, kept his eye open for such things. "Well, matters went on swimmingly with me for about two years. I had come to regard my invention sis discovery proof, and had settled down into a condition of calm conceit about it, when something happened that gave my over-confidence a pretty rude shock. I was just starting out on one of my long Western trips. I had sold good bills in three different cities along my route, and felt pretty good as the train rolled into Chicago, where I had a large trade, and where I had every reason to expect good sales. My undertaker, to whom I had telegraphed from Detroit, was Q all ready for me, and in another half hour ? I had my box safely bestowed in the room ^ usually allotted to me for this purpose by the proprietor of the House, an old J friend of mine. In the highest of spirits I drank with him a bottle of wine to the memory of my departed friend, and did justice to an ample supper. "This gastronomic feat performed, I lighted a cigar, and after a few minutes' chat , with old acquaintances in the office, I ex- 11 cused myself and went to my room to un- v pack my samples. Carefully locking the f1 door behind me I turned up the gas. There f lay ray box on the floor before the window, I3 all safe and sound as usual. Somehow it \ seemed to look newer and fresher than -1 when I had last seen it?but this impres- F oinn lrac rinlw mnmontflrv Tfllrincr mv " OiV I* tl MO VM?J (MVMaVMMWtJ. p ?J screw driver from my valise I proceeded to ? unscrew the lid. 1 "I was surprised to note how hard the ? screws turned. It had rained during the ~ day, and no doubt the dampness had swell- * ed the wood. They certainly turned hard- 8 er than ever before, and slowed down the F tempo of the lively song I was humming as 11 I worked to almost a dirge. It was "The . Pirate King" from the "Pirates of Penzance," and I sang: ? 'For I am?a Pi?rate King?I am?I am?a Pirate King,' c As I twisted away at the screws. It was i1 not long before I had the last one out. I shoved the screw-driver underneath the lid, and caroled forth as I raised it, * For I am a Pirate King.' _ But there my voice failed me and the lid slid n to the floor with a crash. Instead of satn- t pies the box contained a rosewood casket, s and through the glass plate looked up the v pale, beautiful face of a young girl! t "Speechless and motionless with astonish- e ment and dismay, I knelt before the box t and stared helplessly at the silent, dead t face for full five minutes. Here was some- j thing upon which strangely enough, I had a never reckoned, yet something the possi- r bility of which I certainly ought to have j foreseen and guarded against. I fully ap- j predated the awkwardness of the predica- ? ment into, which I had got myself. My / box of samples had gone on to the friends ^ of this poor girl, by some blunder of the ^ railway officials, and by this time were far n on their way. If the box were opened?and r the chances were five to one it would be? g the exchange would of course be discovered, ^ and a horrible row ensue. The transaction r would be traced back to Chicago and to me, ^ and a nice mess I should be in. The news- v papers would teem with accounts ot my p brutality and, perhaps, some sort of prose- j cutiou would be set on foot. Horrible! c But was the mistake irremediable? Had -h my box already gone ou! And if so, where ? , (I dragged the lid of tHe box into the light ^ and scanned its surface for some address, j Yes, there it was. Strange I had not noticed j it before. Written with a blue marking p pencil along the upper edge of the board ? was the leugend : c " 'john shrowl, burlington, ia.' s "And below; p " 'please notify.' r "There wjis a chance for me. It was pos- s sible, in the first place that the train on a which I had arrived did not connect closely t with any western bound train, and that my r box had not left Chicago. Then, too, as the e consignee was, to judge from the inscrip- p tion, expecting to be notified of the arrival t of the box, and as my samples bore no such c instructions?or, for that matter, any at all? h they might easily be unclaimed in Burl- n ington, supposing they Jiad gone, until I v could get tnem and make an exchange. "Before replacing the lid I looked for the d usual plate inscribed with the name and 2 age of the deceased. There was the plate C all right, but to my surprise, it bore no in- ti scription whatever. The face that looked g mutely up into mine was that of a young n girl of 19 or 20, strangely winning, and with s more the appearance of sleep than death r upon its delicate features. It was with a v feeling of reluctance that I replaced the lid, p and screwed it down again. b This task ended I rose and looked at my e watch. It was 8 o'clock, and high time to b be moving in the matter. Donning my v overcoat and hat, I turned the key on my d new secret and hurried back to the depot. I It was necessary to proceed rather cautious- n ly with my inquiries, and so I invented a I suppositious trunk checked through to n Burlington, and draped my investigation 1 upon this lay-figure. d "I had been obliged to stop over, I ex- i; plained to the baggagemaster, and if my a burgage had not already gone through, I C would like to have it hold over. 'Bur- c lington,' said he; 'when did it come in?' 1 'At 7.10, from Detroit,' I replied. Just then t a gong sounded, and the familiar 'All a aboard!'echoed through the station. 'Well,' I said the official, 'if that's the ease, your f trunk would be sent on by No. 3. That's b No. 3,' he added, pointing to a train that r was iust leaving the station. The rapidly t receding light on its rear platform seemed ? to wink derisively at me as if to say, 'Too t late, old boy.' I thanked the baggageman, and, ascertaining that I could not leave ii for Burlington before 8.45 the following 1 morning, I returned to the hotel. n "The first train that sped westward from t Chicago the next day bore me and my 1 charge. I had explained matters as well as t I could to my friends at the hotel, who to r account for my sudden change of plans, had supposed a lady in the case. That my de- a nial of this accusation was disbelieved, I u infer from the casual and irrelevant appear- C ance of one of the party in the depot at the n early hour of my departure. There teas a v lady in the eaae, but, thank heaven, nobody g dreamed of the truth yet. v [to be concluded next week.] o ??? n The Creation of a Star.?Astrono- ii mers here and abroad have been watching a the creation of a star. In the nebula in tl Adromeda a star has recently appeared, to n which the telescopes of the scientific have v been truned from all quarters of the globe, e Later dispatches state that it is growing h brighter, as would be natural if the star is n in process of formation by the concentra- c tion of matter previously diffused through u vast spaces in the nebular form. The at- c; traction of a few particles for each other si first produces a little ball. Then the great mass has a stronger attraction and other par- s] tides join it. With each day's reinforce- a ment of matter the mass becomes more jN powerful to draw in other recruits from tl the nebular region around. The nressureof v matter against matter produces heat, and ti in time the heat becomes great and the a star begins to blaze, and shine. Then each T addition of matter increases the heat and cl intensities the blaze, and then, after the t< lapse of who can tell how many thousand tl years, the wise men of this planet are at S last informed of the birth of' a new star, li The starry world has also its failures. In r< the starry world of Cassiopeia, in 1572, a tl star blazed out with extraordinary brillian- li cy, but presently changed color, as it di- e minished in brightness, then rapidly fad- g ed and finally vanished. This seems less d Crobable however, as the star whose new ti irth is now recorded; for a tendency to the w concentration in the nebula in the girdle of T Adromedia has been observed since early ai in this century. The more recent appear- si ance of the nebula has been quite unlike h that described by the ancients, and in 1757 i\ an astronomer described it as having light ti equally diffused in all its parts. But Sir J. li I Ilerschel in 1824 described the light as increasing to a spot of considerable bright- tl ness, which he liked in form to a nipple, e< and the latter observations by the Harvard o: reflector have more clearly indicated prog- ft ress toward concentration. If the process b has been going on for centuries there is lit- d tie reason to expect that the new star will w suddenly blaze out and vanish. P flaT" "Have you," asked the Judge of a re- t( cently convicted man, "anything to offer the r< court before sentence is passed?" "No, V Your Honor," replied the prisoner, "my ti lawyer took my last cent." * 1> pDtcs ott .fareign pmtte.: IKETCHES OF TRAVEL IN SCOTLAND. ' BY REV. R. LATH AN. [Written for the Yorkville Enquirer.] In the history of Protestantism in Scot- ; and, the name St. Giles Cathedral is inter- , voven with that of John Knox. By the : ental law of association, the mention of he one suggests the other. John Knox was ( orn either in Haddington or Gifford. Both ? *- * A-9 ? I A nese townsciaim toDe nisnauve pmue, uuu )r. M'Crie, who is authority in everything lertaining to the history of Knox, thinks ( ie was born in Gifford. Haddington is east f Edinburgh about twenty-five miles, and xifford is south of Haddington about five niles. After a sore fight Knox died on the , 4th of November, 1572, being sixty-seven rears old. Such being the case he was born ome time during the year 1505, but in what Qonth, or what day of the month, is, I beieve, not known. Very little is certainly known concerning he parentage of John Knox. His enemies laim that he sprung of low and obscure parnts, while his friends assert that he was ' losely allied to nobility. The strong prob- , bility, amounting to a moral certainty, is hat John Knox sprung from themiddleclass f society. It is evident that his parents rere not squalidly' poor, because they sent heir son to college, first, about 1520, to Gl&sow, and about 1524, to St. Andrews, the , nost celebrated institution of learning, at hat time, in the kingdom. It is barely pos- , ible, scarcely probable, that John Knox yas sprung of nobles, in the usual acceptaion of that word. God very seldom, if ver, selects reformers out of the ranks of he nobility. We have better authority on his point than we have as to where John ?nox was born. "Not many wise men , fter the flesh, not many mighty, not many loble are called" to do what John Wickliffe, , ohn Huss, John Calvin, John Knox and ohn Wesley did. Princes and lords may flourish or may fade, l breath can make them, as a breath has made," mt those men who turn the world upside lown are called of God, generally, from the tiiddle class in society. In 1553 Knox was narried to Marjory Bowes, an English lady. , ihe died in 1560, leaving two sons, Nathan- ( el and Eleazar. He afterwards was maried to Margaret Stewart, by whom he had hree daughters. One of these daughters ras married to Rev. Robert Pont, another o Rev. James Flemraing, and the third to ohn Welch. The sons both died soon after ompleting their collegiate course, Nathanel in 1580, and Eleazar in 1591. In 1560, John Knox became pastor of St. Piles Cathedral Church. This office he coninued to hold until the time of his death. it that time there was no other church in Edinburgh, but we are told that Knox often reached to three thousand hearers. St. Piles has undergone so many, and so great hanges, that the present edifice has not a ingle resemblance of that in which Knox reached. When Knox became pastor evey vestige of Popery was taken out and detroyed; nothing was left but the old pulpit, ud that is now in the Museum of Antiquiies. Partition walls were torn down and oom was made for the worshipers, who ither stood or sat on stools of their own roviding. This seems to have continued o be the state of things for more than half a entury. The stool which Jenny Geddes j urled, in 1637, at the head of James Haiaa, Dean of Edinburgh, was her own priate property. John Knox died at eleven o'clock on Monay, the 24th of November, 1572. On the 6th his body was interred in St. Giles !hurch yard, but the exact spot isnotcerainly known. What was once the burial round in connection with St. Giles Church, 3 now Parliamentary square. The grave tones were all removed and the dust of the ecently dead taken up and buried elsewhere. The spot where John Knox is supiosed to have been interred is marked only , y an insignincant stone, wnicncost notning xcept to engrave on its narrow face the leters I. K. The house in which Knox lived ^hile pastor of St. Giles and in which he , ied, is still standing, as it was at that time, t is on the north side of High street, about tiidway between the Castle and Holyrood ^lace, and about a quarter of a mile farther . rom the Castle than St. Giles Church. , Lbout this house in which Knox lived and lied there is nothing very remarkable. It s old and the style is antiquated, but there re several such in the same neighborhood. )n his study table is his Bible and an old ; ommentary. I neglected to examine the lible, and cannot say by whom the translaion was made. I suppose it is what is called Geneva Bible. This is only a supposition, am sorry I did not examine it morecareully. The house is low, yetitisathreestory luilding. One is a cellar, and one is a garet, and the middle story is very low. In he cellar the cooking was done, in the garet the servants slept, and in the rooms in he middle story the family lived. It is not my purpose to write a biographcal sketch of John Knox. An admirable ife of him has been written by his country- , nan, Itev. Thomas McCrie. All I propose o undertake to do is to show that John vnox began, in a certain sense, a reforma- 1 ion which, in about two hundred years, esulted in the American constitution. John Knox was born of Catholic parents , nd received a Catholic education. His ed- i ication, however, was, in the providence of rod, so directed that he, as was the case of tiany others, began toquestion many things yhich, for centuries, had been taken for ranted. At the time of Knox, Scotland, as yell as the whole world, was under the heel f the Pope of Rome. In Scotland, the nasses were degradedly ignorant and amaz tigly superstitious. The clergy, by avarice 1 nd religious fraud, had grown rich, while ! he people were reduced to the merest me- j ials. One half of the wealth of the nation 1 yas in the hands of the church and the gov- ( rnment of the kingdom wholly in the 1 ands of the minions of the Pope. Igno- 1 ance and superstition hung like a black loud over the world. In the schools and 1 niversity nothing was studied which was j alculated to develop the intellect, refine the ' snsibilities or quicken the conscience. ' In the providence of God, an intimacy 1 prang up between Knox and George Wish- 1 rt, wno suffered martyrdom on the 1st of 1 larch, 1546. Less than three months after ! tie murder of Wishart?for such it really ' yas?Cardinal Beatour was, by the reforma- 1 ion party and friends of Wishart, surprised 1 nd put to death in the Castle of St. Andrews. 1 'his aroused the Popish party and it became 1 lamorous for blood. The Reformation par- < y, or the leaders of it, were forced to shut 1 iiemselves up in the Castle of St. Andrews. 1 ince Knox had joined the Reformers, he { kewise, took refuge in the Castle. While j5 pristine the siepre hv the Knrl of Arran. at I ' tmt time Regent of Scotland, Knox was so- 1 cited to become the preacher to the besieg- 1 d. This oftice he accepted with some deree of reluctance. Not because of any oubts about the principles of the Reforma- ] on, but, in his own language, "lest that he t 'oukl run where God had not called him." s his took place in 1 ">47 and maybe regarded j t 5 the first public act of John Knox on the j ( de of the Reformation. Before this he [ t ad been simply an aider and abettor; ever j c fterward he was a leader, and much of the ; f me the only acknowledged leader of the j t Reformation in Scotland. J t It is customary to speak of John Knox as t ie Reformery by way of emphasis. This is j 1 >rrect if we do not understand by that mode i i f expression that there were no other Re-1 i jrmers except John Knox. This would not 11 e true. Every man who is faithful in the | c ischarge of his duty is a Reformer. The j t ork of reformation, like repentance, is { rogressive. It will never come to an end c ntil all the redeemed are saved in heaven a >sinnomore. Every age has had its great c iformers. Melville, Henderson, Erskine, i Lesley and a host of others might be men- a oned* as reformers. In one sense John rJ Rnox is superior to all of these, and in an- b other sense, each of them is John Knox's equal, if not his superior. Every State and Territory over which the 3tars and stripes wave, claim a common inheritance in George Washington. Robert Burns was born, lived and died near the banks of Ayr. This is restrictively the land of Burns, but all Scotland is the land of Burns. John Knox was born in Scotland, lived in Scotland, labored for Scotland and for Scotland he wore himself out, but all Christendom has in him a common inheritance, and owe him a debt of gratitude. Is it asked why? The answer is, he inflicted a deadly wound upon Popery. It is impossible to estimate what the world owes to John Wickliffe and John Knox. The world had sunk into a state of religious and political slavery. In Rome there sat a tyrant, who dictated what men should believe, and what they should do. Pie had usurped all the prerogatives of God, and cheated his subjects out of their birthright. John Wick" ?? /\ma /-?f fko n?t?nnt-Anf ?>iam fKa tira??1 rl Hilt; ?UJ5 UIJC Ul HJtJil biiu UUllU ever produced, and the translation of the Bible by Wickliffe was the greatest event that ever occurred in Anglo-Saxon history. This work was accomplished in 1384. The Pope was exerting all his energies to reduce mankind under his control and make every government an appanage of Rome. Wickliffe advocated the doctrine of equal political rights, and that it is the heaven-born right of each individual to search the Scriptures for himself, and worship God according to their teachings. This was a deadly thrust at Popery. Knox did the same thing. The majority of reformers, who preceded, aimed their blows at the abuses of Popery, but Knox attacked Popery itself, declaring that it is anti-Christ. The reformers who followed after Knox polished what he had left iu a rough state. It is common to regard John Knox as a Presbyterian, and the originator of Presbyterianism. This is not correct. John Knox was a Protestant. For the cause of Protestantism he literally wore himself out. Every Christian denomination, all Protestants, all who protest against the tyranny of the Pope of Rome, may, with the utmost propriety, claim to be followers of John Knox. Strictly speaking John Knox was a rebel against anti-Christ. He was, it may be said, an unpolished man. This is not true. John Knox has been slandered more than any man who has lived since the apostles. Because he had the moral courage?rather, because he had the faith, to tell the most fasci imuug wuiiuuj iu riuiwuc, nnu tnc juush beautiful queen living, that subjects might lawfully, for cause, rebel against their sovereign, he had been called a harsh man. Because he dared to question the divine right of kings in the presence of the proudest of the Stewarts, ne has been called a hard hearted man. Jezebel abused Elijah and took a solemn oath that he should die. Jezebel was a fascinating woman. She had all the bewitchery of Baal, but she both feared and hated Elijah. So was Mary Queen of Scots. She was beautiful, accomplished and everything that in unsanctified eyes is fascinating, but with all she was proud, imperious and licentious. She feared and she hated John Knox. There was not in the kingdom of Scotland, perhaps not in the whole world, a single individual who would have dared to have said about Mary Queen of Scots, in his own bed chamber, what John Knox said to her face in Holyrood Palace surrounded by her courtiers. Prior to the time of the Reformation Popery had everything, both in Church and State, under its control. The reformers broke the spell of Popery, took the dictatorship out of the hands of the Pope and declared to the world that God only and alone, is lord of the conscience. The struggle was long and the conflict severe, but civil and religious liberty was the result. To-day the Pope of Rome is a very insignificant personage. His subjects are ignorant and degraded, but as malicious as vipers, and as dictatorial as demons. Where Poperir iu in tVio auoonrlonntr tinrl flio T'nnp rpiirrm .jr .o ... v..s- ^ "I " " ~mO tliere can be no civil liberty?no republicanism. The work began by Knox resulted, about one hundred years afterward, in emitting the following which is known as the Queensferry Paper: "We do declare that we shall set up over ourselves, and over what God shall give us power of, government and governors according to the word of God; that we shall no more permit the government of ourselves, and the making of laws for us, to any one single person, this kind of government being most liable to inconveniences and aptest to degenerate into tyranny." This declaration, in 1776, developed into the Declaration of American Independence, and finally into the American constitution. I shall close this sketch with a quotation from Carlysle: "This that Knox did for his nation, I say, we may really call a resurrection as from death. It was not a smooth business; but it was welcome surely, and cheap at that price, had it been far rougher. On the whole, cheap at any price; as life is. The people began to live; they need first of all to do that, at what cost, and cost soever. Scotch literature and thought, Scotch industry: James Watt, David Hume, Walter Scott, Robert Burns. I find Knox and the Reformation acting in the heart's core of every one of these persons and phenomena; I find that without the Reformation they would not have been. Or whatof Scotland ? The Puritanism of Scotland became that of England, of New England. A tumult in the High Church (St. Giles) of Edinburgh, spread into a universal battle and struggle over these realms: then cameout,after fifty years struggling, what we call the " Glorious Revolution," a habeas corpus act, free Parliaments, and much else." Boys and Smoking.?One of the leading and standard papers of the country, the Scientific American, says: "The United States Navy annually takes into its service x large number of apprentice boys, who are sent all over the world and taught to be thorough sailors. It has been the policy of the Government since the war to educate the 'blue jackets,' upon the principle that the more intelligent a man is. the better sailor he is likely to become. There is no lack of candidates for these positions. Hundred of boys apply, but many are rejected because they cannot pass the physical exiimination. The first question to a boy who desires to enlist is: "bo you smoke ?' The invariable response is, 'No, sir," but the tell-tale discoloration of the fingers at once shows the truth. The surgeons say that cigarette smoking by boys produces heart disease, and that in ninety-nine cases out Df a hundred the rejection of would be apprentices on account of this defect, comes from the excessive use of the milder form )f the weed." This is a remarkable state-1 ment, coming, as it does, from so high an j luthority, and based upon the results of j ictual examinations going on day after day, I ind month after month. It should be a| warning to parents that the deadly cigarette j is sure to bring about incalculable injury to ( die young. Fanned tiie Feies Fhom Baiiv's Face, j Dog stories are always in order, provided i ;hey are true. A gentleman in one of the j ] suburban wards owns a fine specimen of the ! ] spaniel breed, which is very fond of ehil- , Ireti, and when any little ones visit his ] naster's house constitutes himself their , :ompanion, playmate and guardian. A } pw rinvh arm a iadv with an infant visited !! he gentleman, and in thecour.se of the day I j he child was laid on a pillow on the floor ( o amuse himself for a time. The dog took lis place near the little one as usual. The lay was hot and the flies bad, and they nade the baby the target of frequent at- t acks. This rendered her restless. The t log watched her for a few minutes, and ] hen, walking close up, with his nose or 1 >aw drove away every fly as soon as it lit 1 >n the baby's face, and did it so gently too s us not to disturb her in the least. The i log's action attracted the attention of the i nother and others who were tilled with ( ustonishnient at his thoughtful kindness. { Chis story has the merit of truth.?Pitts- j 'iny Chronicle. t IpsccUittteflits fir adiug. f HOW TO (iROW TOBACCO. " 1 PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS BY A VETERAN PLANTER. [Correspondence of the News and Courier.] i Raleigh, N. C., September 1G, 1885.? ' There are two kinds of soil fuVored by to- r bacco farmers. One is the rich black or A dark brown soil, with a deep subsoil of f gray; the other a light top soil with a sub- . onil r\f olov Smith Carolina affords both these conditions. The former soil suits the culture of the heavy seed leaf; the latter is adapted to the now famous yellow or bright tobacco, which has brought so much wealth to North Carolina, and has actually revolutionized her agriculture in ten years. In South Carolina and North Georgia tobacco can be grown successfully, and it is a question of time only, and perhaps a very short i time, when that culture will be an impor-1 tant part of agricultural enterprise. It is | doubtless the case that the bright tobacco | will be grown in your State, and as thedi-1 rections for its cultivation apply with prac- j tically equal force to the dark tobacco they ! are given. These directions are given by i a veteran tobacco grower in Granville, the i most famous tobacco producing county in i the world. PREPARATION OF SEED BEDS. Select a fine, gray moist spot, with sunny exposure, along the hollows or near little drains in the woods. Rake off the leaves ! and lay down small poles?about three! inches in diameter?four or five feet apart, all over the size you wish the bed. Through j the middle on a width of eight or ten feet, i cover with wood eighteen or twenty inches deep. Chink in with dry wood and brush sufficient to burn till the "skids" or poles beneath are consumed. Now with hooks or hoes fastened to long handles, pull the remaining wood and chunks in opposite j * i* ?1_ i. r a _ I directions over a space 01 six or eigni ieei.; ; throw on enough wood to burn as before, j and so continue till all the space is gone f over. Now clear off the chunks and coals, and hoe up with grubbing hoes to the depth of about three inches, taking care to i loosen the soil without bringing the clay to ' the surface. Now make a liberal application of hog pen or hen manure previously prepared by chopping fine. This is then chopped in with hilling or weeding hoes and the soil made perfectly fine by repeated rakings. If the location is flat layoff in beds six feet wide, with small shallow trenches between for drains. II rolling, none will be needed. The bed is now ready for the seed. Mix well in about a peck of ashes, one tablespoonful of seed to each forty square yards. Mark off with hoe or rake handle in widths of about four feet, and sow over, using about half the seed; then mark across and sow the other half. This is done to secure regular seeding. Now tramp the patch over with the feet or compress the soil with a small roller, cover thickly with brush, fence in and ditch around to keep off surface water. TIME OF PREPARATION OF BEDS. The beds can be thus prepared at any time, when the soil is sufficiently dry, from the 15th of November to the 1st of March and no further attention will be needed till the plants are well up and square or have four leaves. At this stage the "nursing" must begin. Sprinkle over at midday, or early in the afternoon, some fine concentrated fertilizer at the rate of half a peck per fifty square yards, once or twice a week, and increase the quantity as the plants grow. Fresh stable or hen manure, dried in the sun and finely pulverized, and ap- . plied at the rate of half a bushel?more or less according to strength?to the fifty square yards is about the best substitute for a concentrated fertilizer. The point is to bring the plants on early, in time to transplant, from the 10th to the 20th of May. After the plants begin to cover the ground remove the brush, pick out the grass and weeds, continuing to manure as before di rected. Not less than forty square yards j should be burned and seeded for every acre < allotted for the crop. j THE SOIL FOK THE CROP. ( A light gray sandy soil, with yellow clay ' subsoil is the favorite, but tobacco of equal- ( ly fine texture and flavor is made on fine 1 white floury land with similar subsoil. On 1 any light, thin soil with a growth of huck- * leberry, sourwood, chinquepin, persimmon, }1 post oak, black jack or either of them, the j 1 fine yellow will grow. Some of the best planters select old fields grown up in pines < or broom-sedge. These produce the very brightest wrappers of fine silky texture, 1 but generally the virgin woodland gives the 1 desired texture, with more weight and elas- ( ticity. * FERTILIZERS. , A liberal application of fertilizers is an < important requisite. In the choice of fertilizers there is a difference of opinion. ; , There are a dozen or more good varieties, j Your rich phosphates, with the special j treatment, will give a3 good and satisfacto-1 ry a fertilizer, perhaps, as the world affords. Home-made fertilizers, rich compost, Ac., j are of special value also. PREPARING THE GROUND FOR THE PLANTS, j New woodland, or "piney" old field, require the same preparation in winter or early spring as for corn or cotton. In March and April the soil should be made line by repeated dragging and plow- \ ing. Now, with shovel plough, lay off the rows lroin three to three and a half feet apart, the stronger soil requiring the wider rows. If home made manure is to be used?stable and cow pen?Let it be mixed and scat- j tered thinly in the drill furrow, so as to ! go over the whole crop area, and follow ! with the concentrated fertilizer at the rate | of 200 to 240 pounds per acre. If none of j the former is used, apply the latter at the rate of 300 to 400 pounds according to1 strength of soil. The land is then bedded with an ordinary turning plough, and with j a hoe made into hills three feet apart from centre to centre. Smooth off these until they present a fiat surface of 15 or 20 inches in diameter and "pat" (or strike gently with the fiat side) in the centre with the hoe. Now they are ready lor setting the plants when the proper season arrives. j s The making of hills with the hoe is an \ expensive and tedious process, but is still j t almost universally practiceu. except in c very rough new land the following process a answers equally as well or better, and saves f a great amount of time and labor. e Take two boards one and a half inches t thick, six or eight inches wide, and about 11 four feet long. Slope one end of each to a \ point and back some twenty inches. Set i c these on the edge with slopes up and nail on i< inch hoards five feet long to cover from end ]( to end the two pieces. Turn this upside t down and you have an implement shaped v like the end of a flat boat, with staples; at- v tach a chain to the front or pointed corners, j s fasten a single-tree midway the chain, j v and nail on some rough handles. A single j e horse is hitched and walks between two c rows, the implement reaching over and a imoothing two beds at once. It can be suf- i b ficiently weighted with stones or a log of i( wood to press down the beds as fiat as de- b fired. After this take alight shovel plow y ind mark across three feet apart and the n lills are made without a hoe at one fourth j ti >r fifth the expense in the ordinary way. tl HOW TO TRANSPLANT THE PLANTS. If the seed or plant beds have been well " ittended to the plants will be large enough | q :o transplant by the first or second week in J Slay. This is done after a shower called a j 'season," and the ground must be sufficient- h y moist to secure "a stand." The plant is fi set by means of a peg about six or seven tl nches long and one inch in diameter. The a| >eg is inserted about two or three inches :' leep in the hill and withdrawn, when the j )lant is placed in the opening and the soil pi >ressed to the roots. It is a rule that when w he soil falls in and fills the opening made pi -\ ly the planting peg, the "season" is too ightanci the plants will not live. If the 'season" is very wet, the soil should only >e closed to the roots, as too much pressure vill cause it to bake and injure the plants. THE PROPER SIZE OF PLANTS. The proper size for planting is when the jlants nave five or six leaves, three to five nches long. They are drawn with the land from the seed bed one by one and earled, generally in baskets, to the field, from vhich they are dropped on the hills?one to sach?by small boys and girls, while the 'grown-up" hands follow and set them as lefore described. It is the custom with a rood many planters to wash the roots beore they are set, claiming that they live letter, but the larger number set as they ire drawn from the beds. At every succeding "season" till the first lay of July the field should be gone over ind the missing hills replanted. It is generally considered satisfactory if a "good itand" is obtained by the 10th of June, but UA aamI! AM krtf f At* /lit; cuiuci nit; uctici. the plan of cultivation. In eight or ten days after planting, or as won as the plants begin to take root, the lill should be scraped down with weeding loes. It is not usual to plough new land it the first working, but the plough is used irst on old land, by running close alongside he plants and throwing off a furrow, while he noes follow to weed down and draw a ittle fresh soil to the plants. The second floughing follows in quick succession and he whole row is broken up by running hree times with a shovel plough. The loes again follow to draw more soil to the >lants, giving them a broad, flat hill. Then igain, quickly follows the third and final doughing, the hoes again following to finish vith a large and elevated hill to the plants. Che cultivation should be quick and thor>ugh, and not continued beyond the midlie of July. The last ploughing may be lone with a cotton sweep, which is fast growing in favor for that purpose. "priming" and "topping." As soon as the plants are large enough, a ew of the bottom leaves are broken off, isually from three to six inches above the urface of the hill, and the bud is broken >ut, leaving from ten to fourteen leaves on he stalk. The former process is called 'priming," the latter "topping." Too hi^h mming as well as topping aeiays tne growth of the plant, and as early maturity s all-important to successful curing, the general practice is to prime low and top at lot exceeding ten leaves, unlesss the plants iromise to be very large, in which case more eaves are left to prevent too coarse a jrowth. If the season is wet and the plants uxuriant and vigorous, higher topping will ie required, and if dry, lower. It is the iractice of some planters to top high, early n the season, and if afterwards it be found ;hat too many leaves have been left it is easy to remove them. Upon the good judgment of the topper lepends the successful maturity of the crop, md none but skilled hands should under:ake this work. It requires experience to ee able to tell from the appearance of the plant how many leaves should be left, and liothing save practice can give this. Generally there is but little topping done till the cultivation is finished. It is then continued from week to week until all the plants are topped. As the season advances the number of leaves left must be less and less in order to bring the late plants to maturity. The topping should be finished by er before the 10th of August. If any, but few plants should be allowed to remain untapped after this date. successful management at this stage of the crop depends greatly upon the good judgment of the planter, who must be governed by the appearance of the crop and the early or late seasons; the great desideratum being to bring in as much weight of plant is can be matured in time for curing. ^ , M t %ttv UnTt/tTf mTVri )) The worms are not usually plentiful or troublesome till the topping begins. Sometimes, however, they make their appearmce soon after the crop is planted. Worming is slight work and can be done by girls Dr boys, who will be apt to keep them off if prizes are given for the largest number caught, or some plan adopted to create emulation or rivalry among the catchers. The crop should be gone over at least once if not twice a week. As long as it remains in the tield the worms will continue to cut and eat ihe leaves, aud nothing but the most untiring watchfulness and labor will keep ;hem down. Very soon after the topping is commenced the plants will begin to put out suckers. These should not be allowed to grow more than three or four inches before they are pulled off. Both worming and suckering can go on at the same time, and it is necessary to go over as often for one as the other. 'Eternal vigilance" is not in this case the 'price of liberty," but is absolutely necessary to secure a good crop with whole leaves. The suckers make the leaves light and the worms make them ragged. GEORGE F. LAWLEY. The race between the sloop-yacht Puritan ind the cutter-yacht Genesta, is the all-aborbing topic of the day. The absence of vind on two occasions and the fouling of he Genesta by the Puritan, did much to larapen the ardor of many and the attendnce was never as large as the day first set or the initail race. The Puritan was built specially to compete with the Genesta, afer the o\vner of the latter had challenged he Americans for the Queen's Cup. She vas designed by Edward Burgess, a recent ollege graduate, and built by GeOrge Lawey <fc Son, of Boston, Mass. George Law- | ey&Son occupy a position to-day similar | o that held by the Steers, of New York, . /hen they built the America, the original , /inner of the Queen's Cup. Although the teers were well known before the America - on the race off C'owes in 1851; yet that vent made their reputation international, leorge F. Lawley, of whom we present 1 portait, is the junior member of the ship- ' uilding firm, and is a son of George Law;y, the senior partner. The firm is cele- | rated far and wide for the number of fast ? achts it has built, and has been in busi- ( ess in South Boston for a quarter of a cen- 1 rni w..:i* f xiy* l nvy uunt nit; icicuiaicu .-lu/ccr/tc, i ie Harbinger, the Medusa, the Dorothy Q, ? le Valhalla, etc. etc. They have also built t iany cutter-yachts in addition to the steam r achts Herald and Telegraph, for James j ordon Bennett. r r teg" A man who had been dispossessed of r is property and forced to vacate by the nding of a will, merely remarked' that lere was much truth in the old saying f sout "where there's a will there's a way." l" JST An editor says that when he was in ^ rison for libeling a Justice of the Peace he as requested by the jailor to "give the rison a puff." c Poundmaker's Fate.?The trial of Chief Poundmaker for complicity in the rebellion was concluded in Canada, August 19th. He was sentenced to three year's imprisonment. When asked why sentence should not be passed upon him, he replied that he had been a good Indian all summer, and saved much bloodshed, and if he hnd wished he might yet have been on the prairies. He said he would rather be hanged at once than imprisoned. Poundmaker was Reil's most poweriul rival in the recent disturbances in the Northwest. On May 2G, when he had learned of the collapse of the "rebellion" by the surrender of Kiel, he went into General Middleton's camp at Battleford, at the head of thirty of his principal braves, and surrendered. He was arraigned at Regina on Monday, on the charge of treason-felony, and has been convicted after two days' trial. Poundmaker has been described in the Canadian papers as being the ablest Indian in the Northwest. He is a particularly finelooking specimen of his race, being considerably over six feet high, of rather small build, and singularly erect. He has an intelligent and rather fine-looking face, a high, prominent forehead, and a nose of the purely Grecian type, while there is nothing coarse or sensual about the lower portion of his face. His hands are small and delicate in appearance, his fingers being long and faultlessly tapered. Though a pagan, ne has more than once betaayed a strong inclination to embrace Catholicism. His father was a Cree, and his mother was a half-sister to the great Blackfoot Chief, Crowfoot. His grandmother, on the side of his mother, is said to have been a Stony, and this is corroborated by the Chiefs peculiar cast of countenance. Poundmaker's career has, in many respects, been a remarkable one. It was he who accomplished peace between the Blackfeet and Crees, hitherto hereditary enemies. He had trouble with the Indian Department last year, and he is not a man to quickly forget any indignity offered to himself or his people. There is not an Indian in the Northwest who knows the country better than Poundmaker. In 1881, when Lord Lome went across the plains, Poundmaker joined the party for the purpose of interpreting the language of the Blackfeet into Cree, as the Cree interpreter accompanying the party did not understand Blackfeet. Johnny Saskatchewan was taken along as guide, but between Battleford and the crossing of the Red Deer, the half-breed lost himself, and for the last two days Poundmaker was "guiding the guide." After crossing the lied Deer, Poundmaker took the lead, traveling in an almost air line to Blackfoot Crossing, though there was no trail, and, what was even more remarkable, arranged his "time-table," so that he hit the best grass and water to be had just about camping time, on every occasion. Favorite Dogs.?At this time there are more than 189 distinct varieties of the do mestic dogs, but for convenience they are generally classed in six grand groups, wolfdogs, greyhounds, spaniels, hounds, mastiffs and terriers; and each of these classes has in turn, and recurringly, too, been held in exceptional favor. The sheep dog was an early favorite, and the European type is large and handsome, somewhat resembling the Newfoundland, but withoutthe benevolence and kindly intelligence of head that characterizes the latter. These two dogs have respectively been rulers of fashion. The great St. Bernard dog, which occupies a somewhat uncertain position, first became popular at the time of the crusades, when the devotion and intelligence of one iu saving the life of a knight who had taken him to the Holy Land brought the whole breed into immense repute, and these majestic animals have ever since been nobly esteemed and frequently choice specimens have sold for sums as high as $10,000. ml ! - 1 ~ ffl xne spaniel was an ran; ivuguui m.v.uv, and its elegance and beauty as well as its bright intelligence have served to maintain it a pet with those who prefer delighting the eye to securing a material benefit. From the spaniel to the mastiff was a long step, and yet the fashion changed very rapidly. The mastiff has all the courage, while in strength, intelligence, and mildness of disposition it excels its near ally, the bull dog. It is one of the largest breeds, and is now an expensive luxury, so that the breed is more fashionable than popular. Hounds of the various types had their reign as the sport for which they were particularly bred was more or less cultivated. Only nobles were permitted to keep the old English greyhound, and to kill one of those animals was a felony punishable by death. When the restriction was removed the dog became a universal demand. - Ask the Price.?Whenever I want any thing I always ask the price of it, whether it be a new coat or a shoulder of mutton, a pound of tea or a ball of pack-string. If it appears to be worth the money I buythat is, if I can afford it; but if not, I let it -I ? . f? I-" So nn um'oo man urhA T>nu9 fnP ctluuu j 1ui lie jo uu *vioo uiuti tv iiv *w a thing more than it is worth. But not only in the comforts of food and clothing, but in all other things, I ask the same question; for there is a price to a day's enjoyment as well as to a joint of butcher's meat. The spendthrift sets his heart on expensive baubles, but he does not ask tneir Erice; he is, therefore obliged to give them is houses, his lands, his friends and his comfort; and these are fifty times more than they are worth. The drunkard is determined to have his brandy and gin and his strong ale; and he never makes the price an object; so he pays for them with his wealth, his character, and his peace?and a sad bargain he makes of it! It is the same with others. The gamester will be rich at once, but riches may be bought too dear; for he who , is getting money also gets the habit of risking it on the turn of a card or throw of the dice will soon bring pounds to pence. The gamester pays for his riches with his rest, his reputatiou and his happiness. Do you think, if the highwayman asked for the price of ungodly gain he would ever commit robbery? No, never! But he does not ask the price, and foolishly gives for it his liberty, if not his life. Ask the price of what you would possess, and make a good bargain. A little prudence will secure you a great deal of peace. But if, after all, you will have the pleasure of sin, I pray consider the price you must pay for it .?Evangelical Churchman. Fiddling for Geese.?A lively air on a violin will sometimes set a whole flock of ? *' -1 ?ul an ann an/ioomn g66SC W11Q Willi Ut?li??iii? uu wuc wvuoivu) at a country wedding, I was a witness to a curious performance by one of these animals. After dinner a lady entertained her guests assembled on a lawn with music from an accordeon. A flock of geese were feeding in the road just below the house, and with outstretched necks answered back with notes of satisfaction. Soon a white gander began dancing a lively jig, keeping good time to the music. For several minutes he kept up the performance, to the great delight of the company. The experiment was tried several times for a week or more, and the tones ef the accordeon never failed to set the old gander into a lively dance.?Maryland Journal. florin Greenland attempts have been made :o raise some of the common plants of our rardens. At the Danish station of Godthaab latitude G4?) close to the open sea, turnips, adishes, lettuces and parsley are almost the )nly plants that can be cultivated with any iuccess. Attempts have been made to culivate potatoes, but the tubers never attain t size larger than marbles and are only ;rown and eaten as curiosities. Under the nost favorable circumstances, green peas >roduoe shells, in which the peas are barely ecognizable. Never seek to be intrusted with your riend's secret; for no matter how faithfuly you may keep it, you will be liable in a housand contingencies to the suspicion of laving betrayed it. SfciT It's a poor rule that a schoolma'am unnot work in different directions.