Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lewis m:. grist, proprietor. J 5,11 Jtettjpbtnf Jfatnilji fftfosjiiiptri Jfor tig |)romotion of tj)t n|lolitical, Social, Agricultural anb Coimncvrial Jlntcvrsfs of t|c Soiitlj. j TERMS--$2.50 A YEAR, IN ADYANCE. VOL. 29. YOEKVILLE, S Q., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1883. NO. 4Q. read something of his story. She had heard before this how young lads in the East, tilled with romantic notions about Western life and adventure, sometimes left their luxurious homes and found their way out to the ranches of the Pacific Slope. Perhaps he was one of these. As she looked at him, fancying all this, and realizing the terrible strait ne was in, and the probable dark fate that was before him, her heart yearned with true womanly sympathy; and her feelings found expression before she was able to restrain herself. "Oh, how could you doit?" How could you do it?" she suddenly exclaimed, her vnino Miiitp full nf wlint. ?lip fplt. fclctted itoctttf. ^ G3 <? MORNING GLORIES. Your heavenly hues surpass, O, tender flowers, j The royal "purple of the sea" that tolls Of death. Sweet friends of childhood's happy j hours, A thousand memories cluster round vour bells! ! When early morning's showers of gold were shed Upon the fresh,green, blossoming world, I've stood In rapture, worshiping. Your beauty fed My thirsting soul. Encircled by a wood, Lies hallowed ground, where once was life, love, home; There were you trained by mother's loving hands. In fancy still I through the old wood roam, > And pause to rest me where the old home stands. I see again your purple clusters lift Their radiant faces to the morning light. I stand upon the porch; my pulse grows swift With rushing memories your forms invite! The days glide on?a cottage crowns a hill That eastward slopes down to a sparklingstream O'erhungwith roses wild, where robins trill Their early songs of jov. O, sad, sweet dream ! A mother with her first-"born proudly stands Beside the cot with tender vines overgrown: Holds up her babv girl with loving hands, tv> ooo von srnilintr in such beauty blown. The babv leapt?your glory touched its soul! | Ah! who may know the message sent to <!od | Up thro' your fragrant lips, where angels troll The songs of the redeemed? (>, silent sod ! I O, worldless stars! my aching, breaking heart You heed not. O, ring low your purple bells, Sweet dowers! there's healing'in your art, That triumphs over death, and peace compels. ibe Jtotu idler. SACRAMENTO. It was an odd name for a girl?Sacramento. So the girl herself thought as she stooped down beside a spring at the foot of a Cottonwood tree, and lazily dropped her pail into the water. "It ought to have been given to a boy, if it was a fit name to give anybody," she said, quite aloud. "But I'm more boy than girl, anyway." This fact was added rather bitterly, as she looked at her brown, rough hands and her bare ankles, and thought of the "boys' work" she had to do. And it was hard to believe that this was the best kind of a.life for a young girl like Sacramento. Here she lived alone, for her father was down at the mouth of the canon all day. The garden work she was obliged to do, and the care of the cattle fell upon her. r* 11.oc nnt nff-pn that she saw any person but her father, although now and "then, in spite of herself, she came in contact with the rude men of the mining camp up above! Yet Sacramento had her dream, one that she "scarcely dared to ownbut it came to her often"as she went about her work. She knew that down at Santa Barbara and in the towns along the coast, and far, away across wide stretches of the continent to the great East, there were girls who lived very different from her life; and she dreamed of such a life for herself. "Oh, if I could only go away from here!" she cried out, almost as one cries for help. "If I could only go down to San Francisco and go to school there for a single year! Ah, if I only had five hundred dollars!" Suddenly there was a step?not of a man, but of a horse?on the bank behind her, rand then some one spoke. She knew the voice without looking up. It was Pete Larrabee, a fellow who lived down on Hahnemann's plantation, two miles along I the trail. He sometimes rode by. Pie had } not heard her last words at all; yet strange. ly enough his own were a repetition of them. "Five hundred dollars, Sac,'.' said he. "Five hundred dollars in gold ! D'ye want terearnit? There's yer chance," and he throw down to her a bit of paper crumbled into a ball. She picked it up, and slowly unfolding it, ran her eye over its contents: $500 RKWAKD. The above amount will be paid for information leading to the arrest, dead or alive, of Walter Somers, who lias worked for some time past 011 , Maxwell's Ranch. Said Somers is about eighteen years old and live and a half feet high, rather good-looking, with light curly hair, blue eyes and a light moustache. When last seen , he had 011 a black slouch hat, grey business suit with blue flannel shirt, and boots with red tops marked with the maker's name. The name of the county sheriff was signed at the bottom of the bill. Sacramento, having glanced it through, looked up. "He's been stealin' horses," exclaimed Pete. "Got off last night with four of Maxwell's best wwewheres. That reward won't do much good, though. The Regulators'll lasso him an' string nim up long 'fore ther law'll git started. They're hevin' a meetin' now up at the Gulch. I tell ye, they are mad. They'll make quick work ef they ketch him. Yer father's there. Ye needn't f look fur him home afore night, much." ,M' "~ /\M f-um nmvo fVia men, auer ii %> uiu v/i i?v>w niuiv) uiv man rode 011; and presently Sacramento took up her pail, and went slowly up the bank and across the trail toward tho house, thinking very seriously about the live hundred dollars all the while. It was some hours after this, and the afternoon sun was going down behind the tops of the mountains, that Sacramento, having finished her housework, was preparing to sit down on the porch to* do her / sewing, when she was met in the doorway by a young man she had never seen before. And yet he was 110 stranger. The girl knew him instantly, although the slouch hat was pulled down over the flaxen hair and blue eyes, and the grey pants, torn and mndd v had heen drawn out of the boot legs so as to no longer allow the red tops of the boot; with the maker's name to be seen. It was the horsethief. She did not, however, express any surprise as she saw him. She was accustomed to the sight of rough, evil men ; and at the first glance she had felt that this one could not be either very wicked or very dangerous. He was not much more than a lad, and had an air of gentleness and good breeding about him that six months of Western life, and the miserable plight he was in at the moment, had by 110 means destroyed. He seemed to be short for breath, too, and was trembling as if lie had been running. Instinctively he raised his hand towards his hat v id then, bethinking himself, dropped it again. "Could you give me something to eat and drink?" he asked, in a hesitating voice. I "Anything will do. I am very hungry. ! I?I have had nothing to eat since last I night." "Come in," said Sacramento, gravely. ! In her voice was neither kindness or uh-j kindness. She trying to realize the situa-1 tion she was in. "Come in and sit down." Then siie went into the closet near by, ahd : began taking down from the shelves milk and bread and meat, as she slowly did so, j turning over the matter in her own mind. Here was this man who had been stealing horses and for whose capture live hundred { dollars was offered, in her own kitchen. Five hundred dollars! Exactly the sum i she had been wishing for?the sum that would take her down to San Francisco to j school and help her make a lady of herself. And this sum may be hers if she could in some way secure this stranger, or somehow keep him in the house until help arrived. Help? Why, she hardly needed help. He was weak ami exhausted, and in the drawer of the kitchen table there was a loaded revolver which well she knew how to use. She came out presently and set the things before him, bringing also a teapot from the j stove and pouring for him a cup of tea.; Then she went and sat down by the window | and watched him furtively as he ate. In spite of his caution, he had taken off | his hat while he was eating. She could j better see what he was like. It was an al- j most boyish face, worn, but not wicked,i with the curling hair lying in damp clus-1 ters upon his pale brow. In the hands, small and well-shapen, and in all his motions and manner, she felt that she could He looked up at her in wonder; but as his eyes met her's, he understood her. "I did not do it. Upon my honor, I did not!" he said. "It was that man Dennis." Sacramento breathed a great sigh of relief. Horse-stealing was held in that section to be a crime worse than murder; and she was by no means free from the popular estimate of its grave nature. "Oh, I am glad of that!" cried she. "But"?she hesitated, and then went on doubtfully?"but "then how was it? Why did they say it was you? And why did you run away ?" "It was Dennis' doings, their laying it to me. He did that to clear himself. And after that, you know as well as I do, there would have been no use in trying to prove myself innocent. They always hang a horse-thief first and then consider his guilt aftertvads. I had to run to save my life." "Do you know that-there is a reward offered for your capture ?" "I know that the Regulators are after me," "They came pretty near catching me, T ? >\a/1 Qnfl IUU.J III ID HUUUi JL J U91 VJ1V111 UUVA came down the canon by the mountain trail. I have had a hard run for it, and what with no sleep or food for 24 hours. I am about used up. I felt as though I could not go another step when J saw your house. You? you have been very good to me. I shall never forget?" "But what are you going to do now?" interrupted Sacramento. "You are not safe here." "I know it. But I threw them off' the track this noon, and I do not think they are within five miles of me. Now I have had something to eat, I will take to the woods again. I hope 1 may get clear away. If I don't,"?his voice trembled and tears came into his eyes. "If I don't I shall get a hanging, I suppose. Oh, what a fool 1 was not to prefer home to this sort of thing! And yet, I wouldn't care so much either, if it wasift for my father and mother." And the poor fellow fairly broke down. "Hark!" Sacramento exclaimed. She had been crying, too ; she could not help it. They both listened. In a moment they heard plainly the sound of horses coming down the trail. The girl turned with instant self-possession. "Go in there! Quick ! Quick! There is not a moment to lose! Here, take your hat!" And handing his hat to him, she half pushed him across the room and into her own little room that led off" from it. Then she hurriedly cleared the table again, barely finishing the task as the horsemen halted at the door. There were three of them. One was her father. Sacramento knew the other two men by sight. They were rough, but of the better sort of those who made up the dwellers in Kelly Gulch. The faces of all three were stern and forbidding, and they evidently had been riding hard. Th$y dismounted together. "Sac," began her father, as he entered the door, "hev you seen anything of a young chap, afoot or a-horseback, coming this way?" * ... r*vvwir?+Q/l nnoctinn OclV'l illliCIi IU iiau VA^/WW\( U?v v|V4v?.'V4\/??^ antl was ready for it. And she meant, if it were possible, to answer it without a lie. UA young chap about eighteen years of age, and live feet and a half high, rather good-looking and with red top boots on?" replied she. "Yes! yes! That's him!" cried one of the other men, eagerly. "Have you seen him? Has he been here?" "I was only quoting from this handbill," said Sacramento, taking the paper from the shelf where she had laid it. "Then you hain't seen him at all?" asked her father. "I have been right here all day, and nobody has gone by except Pete Larabee. It was he who gave me this bill. Are you sure that he came this way, the?the? horse-thief?" "No; but we didn't know but he mighter. The chances is that he is sloped off to the mountains, meanin' ter go through Stovepipe Pass. They'll git him, though, afore sundown." "It's sundown now," said Sacramento. "Then, they've got him now," was the sententious response. "And we should be too late for the nangiu', ef we sh'd go back. Leastways"?this was added to his companions?"you'd better come in and have a bite before you go." So nresentlv the three men sat down to the supper that the young girl had quickly prepared for them. And while they were eating, she herself, at her father's bidding, went out to take the saddle otf Bueno, his horse, and give him his feed. As she approached the door once more, a few minutes later, she heard words which caused her to stop and listen. 441 don't like tersay anything against that kid o' yourn, neighbor," one of the men was shying, "but it lie/, kinderseemed to me all ther while's though she sorter had somethin' on her mind like. Ye don't suppose she knows anything 'bout thot young feller, arter all?" Sacramento's father laughed at this as if it was too absurd to be considered. The other, however was not to be laughed out of his suspicions. "Fur all we know," persisted he, "she may hev hid him somewhere on the premmysis." "It's easy enough to see," returned the proprietor of the said "premmysis," testily. "Where d'ye think she's hid him? In her bedroom?" As lie said this,Sacramento, who was now near enough to see into the kitchen, saw her father rise from his chair and step to the door of the room where she had concealed the fugitive. Her heart almost stopped beating, as she saw him push open the door and enter the room, followed by his companions. "We'll make a clus search of it while we are about it," she heard him say within. And then she stood there in' terrible suspense upon the porch, expecting every instant to hear the shout that would follow the discovery of the fugitive. J Jut 110 such shout was heard ; and instead of it, a moment after, the two men came out again, her father still laughing at his friend. What could it mean ? Had the young man been able to conceal himself in the j room and so evade their search ? That was | not possible. Then she thought of the win- i dow. Could he have escaped from the room by that? The window was so small she j could scarcely believe that he could have crept through it. And yet he must have done so. She went hurriedly to the back of the house and then down beyond the horsesheds. No one could he seen. She halted a moment under a live-oak tree just at the edge of the garden. The evening was very cairn and still, and the twilight shadows were deepening fast. Was it the rustling of the wind in the boughs overhead that caught her ear? She listened. "Hist ! I am here?in the tree." The words came in a distinct whisper from directly above her. She stood and thought a single moment before replying. Then she said, "You must get awav from here at once," in an eager whisper.' "One of the men suspects some1 * * 1 * Lrn tiling, UlUt tJieyilliiy, ill au^ niuiia-m, iiiiu-vv. u search of the place. I am going into the house a minute. Get down sit once and go through the garden and across the trail to spring that you will find there. It's at the foot of a big cottonwood tree. Stay right there until 1 come." Then she went hurriedly to the house, j The three men were were still sitting at the table, and Sacramento felt rather than saw [that one of them still regarded her suspiciously as she came in. She did not speak ; to them at all, but went directly through the kitchen to her own room, and in a moment more came out, went about her work in the ; kitchen, and took up a pail apparently to go I to the spring for water, j Ten minutes later, standing in the shade ! of the cottonwood, young Homers heard a step, and then Sacramento, leading Bueno, all saddled and bridled, appeared. He started forward. "Hush," she said ; "they may come out at any moment. Listen to what I say. Your life depends upon it. You must ride straight down the trail for a quarter of a mile. Then, close by a big cottonwood, just like this, you will strike a path to the left. Bueno will know it, once you ge't him to it. It will bring you out, half a mile on, at a corduroy road that crosses the swamp. This end of the corduroy has got out of order and there aresome logs laid. Lead Bueno across and then pull the logs away. If you can do that, it will make trouble for those who follow you. Beyond the swamp is a big plain. Strike straight across it, keeping the moon sauare on vour ricrht?the moon will be up by that time?and three hours'riding will bring you to the railroad. After that?God help you to get safe away!" Sacramento paused and put out her hand. "Can you remember?" she demanded. "1 can, but I can never forget?" "Never mind that. Here, take this. It is a little money. You will need it. Now mount and ride?slowly a little way, and then for your life." The young man still had hold of her hand. The tears came into bis eyes. The next mo, ment he was gone. The next morning Sacramento told her father the story and coaxed him into forgiving her. And the following afternoon a man brought Bueno over from the railroad town ; and then she knew the fugitive was safe. Six weeks later a lawyer from Santa Barbara appeared with a letter from Walter Somers. He was with his friends at NewYork. He begged Sacramento to accept, as a gift of gratitude, at least the amount of the reward that had been offered. And so it was she went down to San Francisco to school, that winter, after all. Cutting the Hair.?It may be that cutting and shaving may for the time increase the action of the growth, but it has no permanent effect either upon the hairbulb or the hair-sac, and will not ir. any way add to the life of the hair. On the contrary, cutting and shaving will cause the hair to grow longer for the time being, but in the end will inevitably shorten its term of life by exhausting the nutritive action " '' i--i- *. : Wl,?? oi me nair-jornung uppurauus. >yjicji mc hairs are frequently cut they will usually become coarser, often losing the beautiful gloss of the tine and delicate hairs. The pigment will likewise change?brown, for instance, becoming chestnut, and black changing to a dark brown. In addition, the ends of very many will be split and ragged, presenting a brush-like appearance. If the hairs appear stunted in their growth upon portions of the scalp or beard, or gray hairs crop up here and there, the method of clipping off the ends of the short hairs, of plucking out the ragged, withered and gray hairs, will allow them to grow stronger, longer and thicker. Mothers, rearing their children, should not cut their hair at certain periods of the year, in order to increase its length and luxuriance as they bloom into womanhood or manhood. This habit of cutting the hair of children brings evil in place of good, and is also condemned by the distinguished worker in this department, Prof. Kaposi, of Vienna, who states that it is well known that the hair of women who possess luxuriant locks from the time of girlhood never again attains its original length after having once been cut. Pincus has made the same observation by frequent experiments, and he adds that there is a general opinion that frequent cutting of the hair increases its length; but the effect is different from that generally supposed. Thus, upon one occasion he states that he cut off circles .of hair an inch in diameter on the heads of healthy men, and from week to week compared the intensity of growth of the shorn place with the rest of the hair. The result was surprising to this close and careful observer, as lie found in some cases the numbers were equal, but generally the growth became slower after cutting,* and he has never observed an increase in rapidity. Many beardless faces and bald heads in the middle and advancing age are often due to constant cutting and shaving in early life. The young girls and boys seen daily upon our streets with their closely cropped heads, and the young men with their clean shaven faces, are, year by year, by this fashion having their hair-forming apparatus overstrained. * + . | A SkaTkagkdv.?Fiction delightsin disaster at sea, and the solitary craft upon the water, its rigging carried away, hull waterlogged and crew in direst extremities of hunger and thirst, has ever been a favorite episode with the novelist. Yet man never, with brush or pen minted a scene so awful in its sadness and desolation as that which came by telegraph last week. (Iff the burnt and arid coast of Notre t'ampriot, Mexico, for several days past a lonely bark, had been drifting. Calm prevailed, and in the turgid noon, and through the sickly moonlight night, the listless sails hung loose against the mast and cast blunted shadows on the yellow waters. No trace of life was visible 011 board the vessel from the shore. Only the faint swaying of lines against the .-pars, or the light splash of water against the sides disturbed the strange quiet that hung over the craft as it floated aimlessly to and fro, spectral, petrified, chilly to look upon in the hot noontide. At last a boat put ofi' to solve the mystery. As hardy coastnien sprang cheerily aboard, a deadly faintness had assailed them. A fatal blight had fallen on the ship. Half-coiled ropes, a dry mop, the open hatchways, the litter of bustle on deck, suddenly arrested, as though by a single stroke. Near the wheel lay the dead body of a Norwegian sailor. A scrap of paper was tucked in the bosom of his shirt, rudely scrawled with the story of the ship of death. He was the last of a crew seized with the yellow fever, and one by one cast overboard, leaving him to die alone. And since that the lonely vessel, pathless, motiveless, had tossed on the desolate sea. The winds and tides carried it to land. Hut some stronger current, having seized it, might have borne it into the eternal calms of the tropics to drift out its life of wood and iron until rotting to the keel it crumbled into the sea and became as if it had never been. And yet daily life is called commonplace by our modern romancers, and human events prosaic. Throw re Yorit Cmx.?The whole secret of standing and walking erect consists in keeping the chin well away from your breast. This throws the head upward and backward and the shoulders will naturally settle backward and in their true position. Those who stoop in walking generally look downward. The proper way is to look I straight ahead, upon the same level with | your eyes, or if you are inclined to sl oop, j until that tendency is overcome, look rather j above than below the level. Mountaineers j are said to be "as straight as an arrow," and the reason is because they are obliged I tii ImmL- nmrnril sn much. It is sinmlv iin possible to stoop in walking it*you will heed and practice this rule. You will notice that all round-shouldered persons carry the chin near the breast and pointed downward. It is better to endeavor to accomplish a good object and fail, than not to try at all. The effort put forth strengthens, even if it be ineffectual, and the very act of trying to do good blesses, though the plan prove a failure. Such efforts give strength for endeavors which may prove glorious successes. ^tiarfUaurouo Itediug FEDERAL AID IN EDUCATION. Till: 1 XTElt-STA TE CONTEXT I ON AT LOl/'T VILLI:, KY. The I liter-State Educational Conventic ! met at Louisville on the 19th ultimo, .Jud< ; Beckner presiding:. Col. Asbury Cowan the State superintendent of education this State, was present as one of the del gates, the States represented being: Al bama, California, Connecticut, District Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, low Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massaelu setts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Vorl Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina, Soul Carolina, Texas, Tennessee, Vermont, Yi n-inisi. nml West Virginia. I n * *' * ?fzi At the session of the Convention on Thur day, the proceedings were opened by a pr amble and resolutions by Hon. A. S. Willi of Kentucky, reciting that the Conventic approves most heartily of the adoption i some measure of material legislation whit shall carry out the measures which are no pending in Congress looking to an appr priation to be distributed among the sever States in aid of popular education. Tl resolutions were referred to the committ< on resolutions. Dr. J. L. M. Curry, of Virginia, en ten into an interesting discussion of thesubje of "Federal Aid to State schools." Aft* showing that the basis of all freedom ws intelligence and integrity, and that no lej islation was so important as that whic led to the education of the people, I) Curry argued that universal eclucatioi even approximately, was impossible, e: cept through Government aid. He asserte that it was a fact that universal educatic had never existed through private ai< Prior to the war, the slave excluded, tl wealth of the South was greater than an other country. It had itscolleges, but it ha no public schools, so that only the wealth few had the advantages of education, and was a lamentable fact that the mass of tl people were ignorant and illiterate. According to the speaker, denomination; education would never affect a whole con mupity, and the cheapest defence for tl property and lives of the citizens of an State was education. He stated that in tl entire South, at present, the entire scho fund was naid bv the white man, thoua it was equally distributed among hot whites and blacks. He praised Kentuck for her recent action in putting both whi and colored children upon equal basis i regards the distribution of school mono; lie had heard with inexpressible alarm tin a movement was on foot to divide t! school tax, so that the whites should rai: funds for the education of white childre and the blacks for the colored children, was his opinion that such a movemei would only eternalize the ignorance of tl colored man. lie said that the South wi now poor, and that there had been gre: diminution in her taxable property in n but three of her States. She had been in poverished by the war, and the conditk of things in i8G5 was most deplorable; bi there was nothing in history that present* a sublimer aspect than the effort of tl South to rise again, and no people had ev accomplished so much in so short a tin urifli unr>li ulicfnr.lou tri /-nnfprl timrilisf. Ill illiteracy, however, was fearful, over thirl percent, of her white and seventy per ceii of the colored population being illiterat Kentucky had 4:1,0(H) illiterate white, ar o5,000 illiterate colored voters. The san condition of things existed in all the Sout ern States, so that there was about 1,.T>( OOP illiterate voters^ the South. Wh had already been done toward educatir the negro was very encouraging, and tl result should only stimulate towards great efforts. He spoke of slavery and thank< God that the negroes were free. They we brought to this country by cruel compulsio and though they were free, they were sti the slaves of ignorance. The ignorance the negro was scarcely more apalling tin the illiteracy of the whites. The extensic of Federal aid to the cause of education, 1 Jiem, snouiu no mauc upon ^'nniu juim pies. It should bo immediate to relieve tl present exigencies. The States should he themselves, and, iu turn, should reeer assistance from the General Govornmen The measure should lie outside of pari politics, from which education should ho f removed. The speaker said the eonstit tionality of the measure would scarce be questioned, and in closing, Mr. Curi gave a recital of the perils that beset tl free institutions of this country from illi eracy, and said it was the duty of every 01 in time of peace to guard against intern foes. The country needed school-houses ai good teachers, ami no bettor use of a portir of the immense revenue of the United Stat could be made than by applying it to tl advancement of education. At the close of Mr. Curry's remarks, Ge Futon arose and asked that lion. A. 1 "Willis, member of Congress from theLoui ville District, speak on the subject of Fe oral aid to schools. In substance, Mr. Will said that if Kentucky gave, in proportio the same support to her schools that Mass chusetts did, she would have to raise a fun of S7,0IK),(l(i(i. Though Kentucky was betfr off than most of the Southern States, a hoi one-fourth of the: voters could not read tl ballots they cast. The speaker then cite several instances where Southern cities su ported excellent school systems by hea\ taxation. The South, the speaker though was doing her best, hut she needeel assi tanee from tlu: Government. IIo was i favor of proportioning the aid exteneled I the National Government to the amount i school fund raised by each of the varioi States. lie did not mean by this that tl Federal Government was to take contr of the school system, hut it was simp] to supplement whatever the States then selves might do in educating their peopl The government would have no trouble i furnishing the money necessary for this aii since the surplus revenue in the treasur; he said, is about $100,000,000 annually. Id estimated that in live years$o00,000,(100 wi have accumulated in the treasury. No be ter use could be made of this immense sui than to devote a part of it to aiding tl spread of education throughout the who Country, lie held that the question of Fei eral aid was a national one in which tl North and the South were alike interests Congressman II. I). Money,of Mississipp followed Mr. Willis, favoring the principf set forth by the other speakers, and sai that the South had broken loose from In old moorings into the broad stream of lit lie was for Federal aid, because upon depends the perpetuity of national institi + a Kill /.iiilmilviiKf tlw? urincinli IH/II.-7. a V Kill , enunciated here will, he said, be presentc to Congress, and before ten years it will 1 a matter of wonder that any diversity < | opinion ever existed. Dr. Dickerson, secretary of the State boai of education of Massachusetts, favored tl extension of Federal aid. Dr. Basil Manl; president of the Southern Baptist Theolog cal Seminary, Louisville, next spoke. Ii addressed his remarks mainly to the cond tion of education in the South. This roi eluded the discussion of the subject of "Fe< eral Aid to Education," and the next take up was the education of the colored rue The discussion was opened by Profess* I \V. J. Simmons, colored, of the Bapti Theological Seminary, who covered a vei wide field, going outside any reasonab probabilities in his demands for his poop" Simmons is a bright fellow, but does 111 know when he has a good thing for h people*. Dr. Bennett, of the: Fisk L'nivers ty, Nashville, followed Professor Simnioi ! in an address in the interest of the colore ! people and the Convention adjourned f< I the day. til r, closk ok tii k coxy kxtiox. On Friday, the 21st instant, the convei tion closed its labors. Among the topics eli cussed during the day was: The best systei of schools understate control. ' The following resolution, offered by M C. It. Barteau, of Tennessee, was defeated after some discussion: Where.ax, The Federal < Government colleeted ' from the cotton-growing States, prior to February, 1X1 is, over s7i),oiHI,(Ni() as a cotton tax, which is now in the Treasury of the United States, and which tax has been declared by the Supreme Court of the United States to have been illegally and unconstitutionally collected, and it would now be impossible to return it to the individual owners thereof, at this late day; therefore, 't! Rcanlvnl, That it is the sense of this C'onvend, tion that it is the duty of Congress to return this of money to the States in which it was collected, us a e- school fund, to be used by them in aid of the means which they already have, or may have f)f from any source in the future. a A series of resolutions submitted by Dr. Waite, chairman of the committee on resoI lutions, were, after a heated debate and i' some amendments, luiopiea in tne loiiowmg j.. shape: In view of the necessity of education to the perpetuity of free institutions, and of the inabils itv of some of the Stales and Territories to suse tain etlicient common school systems without ass sistanee, )n' Resolved, That this Convention cordially apf proves the principle of giving Federal aid to he [j distrihnted among the several States and Territories, upon the basis of illiteracy. W Resolved, That a commission lie appointed, 0- whose duty it shall be tojneniorialize Congress ill upon this subject, and to assist, in any manner ie their judgment may approve, in securing the legislation necessary, l^-ovided, That such aid '' shall be distributee! under State laws and by State authorities exclusively, but with proper d guarantees for its faithful application, ct The following named committee wasapif pointed by the authority of the resolution : ts Messrs. T. \V. Bicknell, Massachusetts ; H. Z- G. Northup,Connecticut; M.S. Lytic, Pennh sylvania; M. A. Newell, Maryland ; J)r. J. r. L. 31. Curry, Virginia; II. S. Thompson, i, South Carolina; Dr. Atticus G. ITay&ood, Georgia ; Gustavus J. Orr, Georgia; Henry d Randall Waite, New York ; O. P. Kitzger?n aid, Tennessee; J. M. Gregory, Illinois; 1. Thomas 11. Payne, Tennessee. >c After an interesting discussion of the quesy tion: "ITow best to awaken a popular intertd est in education ?'' and complimentary resoy lutions to the Press and presiding officer, it the Convention sang Aula Lang Syne and te adjourned sine die, having enjoyed a singularly successful meeting. ,i- JOHN MORGAN'S LAST RAID. In a statement recently made to an Iniy dianapolis newspaper, Andrew J. Campbell, )G the Union soldier who killed the Confederal ate General, John A. .Morgan, of Greenville, "b Tennessee, narrated all the circumstances b of Morgan's attempt to escape and the man" j- ? i.:^. ,1^.,.,, u.,4. J Jlt*r ill \v 111L'li m: miiji unit uutvu, uui> nu nuu te he knew nothing of the means by which is his commander learned that Morgan was Y' at Greenville. The missing information is At supplied by Kdward ?S. Richards, a grain io merchant in Chicago, who was Adjutant30 General of Tennessee while Andrew Johno, son was Millitary Governor of that State. It John Williams was a Tennesseean, but a ^t Union sympathizer. Pie was a man of io wealth and education, and had a very beauas tiful and accomplished wife, twenty years at his junior. Mrs. Williams was a strong ill Union woman, and lost no opportunity to n- give aid or information to the Union sol>ii diers. Mr. and Mrs. Williams' residence at was at (ireenvi lie, about fifty-six miles from -'d Bristol, where the Confederate army was ie encamped. Williams, with others of his or townsmen, had been compelled to leave io home on account of the strong feeling against or them for their Union sympathy, so that t-y there was no one at home hut Mrs. Wilit. Hums herself. e. On thenio-ht before Morgan's death, about itl !) o'clock, the quiet of the Williams house w was disturbed by a loud knock at the door, h- Mrs. Williams went to the door and asked: "Who is there?" at "John Morgan's men," was the reply, ig Knowing Morgan very well, Mj $. Wilic lianis had 110 hesitation in admitting those er outside, particularly as a sudden thought id Hashed through her mind, which subsere quently bore good fruit. Throwing the n, door open, she bade them enter and welill come, and Morgan crossed the threshold of with three or four of his staff, m Mrs. Williams prepared a supper for >n them. At the earliest opportunity to get ie outside of the house, she went to a twelve i year old boy, whom she knew, and gave 10 iiim some instructions and a note. The Ip boy disappeared, and fifteen minutes later ho rode cautiously out of town on a bay it. horse. When half a mile away he lashed ty his animal into a run. in* Unsuspicious and confiding, Morgan u- and his staff supped, and about 11 o'clock ly retired to bed. They slept soundly, and ry day was just beginning to break when was ie heard the tramp of feet, a cry, a shot, and it- then all was still. ig About eighteen miles from Greenville, al Gen. C. Gillem, of the Union army, was enid camped with a brigade of 2,500 soldiers. >11 (Jon (iillom was sloeninsr in his tent at 11 os o'clock, when a picket awaked him and o called him outside. He found the picket holding by the bridle a bay horse whose n. flanks were bathed in foam and on whose S. back was a small boy. The General asked s- the lad what he wanted, and for an answer d- the boy handed Gillem a note. It read: is (Jen. Morgan and his stall*, with a small force n of men, are stopping at my house, ami will re' main all night. If you send a detachment of 'men before sunrise you may capture them. Yours truly', Mas.* John Williams. L'*' The boy was taken intoGillem's tent and 11 * fed, and immediately hoots and saddles was l(j sounded, and six companies of cavalry, under Col. I ngerton, were ordered to Greenly villc. t, Injustice ok Women to Their own s- Sex.?A young woman who served out a in sentence of five years in Maine State prison, >y found means of education, and becoming' uf thoroughly reformed, left the prison in apis pearance a lady. She was employed by a ie firm in Portland as saleswoman, and gave d1 perfect satisfaction to her employers, till one ly day a wealthy lady of the place entered the > store and recognized her. Calling the proe. prietor aside, she told him that the girl had n been in State prison, lie replied that he 1, knew it, but that she did her duty faithfulv, ly and that they were well satisfied with fe her. "Well," said the lady, "if you keep 11 her in the store I will neither trade with t- you myself, nor suffer any of my friends to, T 11 L?,. iU? [)] | II 1 ('till IH'IJ) 11. Oil 111U |IIU|II H'HII, liiiuci ie than lose Ins eustonier, called in the poor le girl and dischared her. A merchant who 1- would do an act of this kind ought to be ie sent to the penitentiary himself. People, 1. and especially those who imagine themii, selves at the top of society, are ready to cast i\s a stone at those who are compelled to work itl for a living, and there are few cases on E?r record where fallen women has been aided e. in their attempt to rise, while the annals of it the world are tilled with the slander of inu nocent girls who, in nine cases out of ten, L's are purer and more charitable than their id slanderers. )0 1 [jf Kit ITS AND DEMERITS OF ClIKKSK.? So far as fat is concerned, beef has three .(j times as much as bread, and cheese ten 0 times as much as beef, and so far as muscle ' forming constituents are concerned, beef is three times as valuable as bread, and cheese l(" once and a half as nutritious as beef. The great defect in cheese as food is that there is not any starch in it. This defect is renie/ died by using it in connection with bread, i an article which abounds in starch. Hence ! ti.M (if tlx. V.mvli*li Inhnrer. dictated ' ] by nature and confirmed by science, of eating bread and cheese for his luncheon while ;; working in the field. Cheese, which in a A state of health and vigorous appetite may bo eaten in large quantities and with comj partitive impunity, is a substance that in no form should be'given to or partaken of by tin invalid, or one with weak digestion. ~ Cheese, when toasted, becomes little better I than so much dried leather. Cheese, when I it is old and the process of decomposition [ has commenced, is used by some as a promoter of digestion. If cheese aids digestion when old or mouldy, it is on the principle 11- that it contains the seeds of decay, which s- it communicates to other food in the stomal ach. The celebrated Roquefort cheese of France is cured in damp caverns where the | r. mould quickly grows. ' JAY GOULD. RAILROAD KING AND FINANCIER. No man in this country is regarded with | a greater degree of interest than Jay Gould, the great Railroad King and financier, whose recent examination before the Senate Committee of Labor and Education, has excited so much comment, and whose life, as given by himself, has been so extensively copied. He is interested in the largest systems of railroads in the United States. To the popular mind, the quiet but effective measures which he adopts, as a speculator, constitutes an attraction akin to mystery. Mr. Gould's career and his personal characteristics and habits encourage the peculiar interest manifested in him. The most powerful man in Wall street, he is never seen in the Stock Exchange; without an avowed political preference or party, no statesman in the country equals him in power. Stealthy as a tiger, his movements are concealed, wellconsidered and forcible. Jay Gould was bom at Roxbury, New York, in the year 1830. His father kept a store and tilled a farm. His mother died when lie was six years of age. The widower married again, and was the husband of a third wife when, in the year 18G0, he died. Young Gould received a fair education, and gave evidence of that love of books and art which now alford him the leading pleasure of his domestic life. He was but sixteen when he began his business career, but his famed invention of a mousetrap preceded his engagement in the store of "Squire" Burluvn. The story is familiar how the young inventor, carrying his precious trap in a showy mahogany case, was robbed of it in New York City, on the occasion of his first visit to that place. The lad's chasing the thief resulted, first, in the fellow's disgust upon discovering that he had risked his liberty for a thing of so little value, and second, in his being dealt with under a requisition from the Governor of a neighboring State. At the "Squire's," young Gould's historic feat was, buying li piece of land in Albany, proceeding in the matter upon information he had gathered by overhearing a confidential disclosure of its cheapness, addressed by his employer to some friends. In 18">G, a map of Delaware county was published in Philadelphia, containing the words, "From Actual Survey by Jay Gould." Gouldsboro, Penn., was named after the subject of this sketch, who, in his early manhood, formed a partnership with Colonel Ziidoek Pratt in the tannine business, at that place. Pratt was a busy, prating politician, and it is said his most popular speech was the work of his young partner, to whom he paid one hundred dollars for the production. At Gouldsboro, Gould fell into trouble with the authorities by persistently defending his possession of an old building from which he was finally expelled by the military. He managed to get clear of what threatened to be a serious s<?rape, and during the last period of his tanning experiences was the proprietor of the business. Mr. Gould removed to New York City, iu 18.5!), and began business as a broker. Then as now, he had no ordinary vices, and showed clear-headed perception in availing himself of the condition of the country, before and throughout the war, during which he became a millionaire. When he entered into the railroad business, iu connection with the Erie, that corporation owed him four millions of dollars. With his skillful handling of Erie stock began his greatness as a railroad king. To detail Mr. Gould's operations in CleveI land and Pittsburgh stock, his gigantic inj vestments in Union Pacific, his dealings in the stock of Wabash, Kansas and Texas and | other roads, would be a tedious task were it j practicable. He owns, it is said, several ini fiuential newspapers. The most careless reader will remember Mr. Gould's organization and manipulation of the American Union Telegraph Company, whereby he obtained control of the Western Union Comj Puny. Mr. Gould is a married man. His bride ! was Miss Ellen .Miller, daughter of a wellI known New York merchant. He hassevj eral children, of whom the eldest, George J., ! is in business on Wall street. The firm of ' which young Gould is a member, started in | business with a capital of one million dol: lars, one half of which is said to have been ; provided by his father. Mr. Gould loves his home, which, whethi er made in his mansion in New York, or at his country seat, Lyndhurston the Hudson, | is as refined and elegant as wealth and culj tivated taste can make it. Rare boo"ks, rare I works of art and curiosities abound in the i wealth of his personal possessions. He purj chased his country seat at Irvington for two hundred and fifty-five thousand dollars. It j is now worth about half a million. Nearly | two years ago, the conservatory, valued at j two hundred thousand dollars, including the j plants, was almost entirely destroyed by fire. Jay Gould is fond of solitary rides on horseback. Outside of this, his enjoyments ; are indoor, and those of the husband, father and student. i llis appearance is remarkable, notwith j standing that he is a small, light man, I weighing not over a hundred and twenty j pounds. He has a swarthy complexion, well-made features, and a pair of black eyes ! whose searching glance is not soon forgotI ten. llis manner is quiet, gentle and courteous, and an admirer remarks on the "candid and humorous intonation of his voice." j Mr. Gould has many admirers and many j detractors, as a matter of course. His ene: mies allege that he is unscrupulous, and claim that the disasters of "Black Friday," the dark day of September, 1859, were attributable to his schemes. Xobody accuses him of quarrelsomeness. He loves retirement and peace, but has the courage necessary for vast undertakings. An apocryphal story is told at the expense of his veracity. A speculator in a small way of business got points from Mr. Gould, which, excepting on one occasion, he invariably reversed, and made money every time by going contrary to his adviser's instructions. On one occa| sion, however, he took the great financier at i his word, and was almost ruined by doing so. Mr. Gould is a man who gives liberally ! without ostentation. The widow of the late James Fisk has publicly stated her obligations to him for friendly generosities. The Grant fund included twenty-five thousand dollars received from' Mr. Gould, whose large benefactions to the yellow fever sufferers of Memphis, and to the needy frontier farmers of Kansas are remembered by readers of newspapers. Jay Gould is unquestionably a great man, one of the shrewdest financiers of the world. To say that he is morally inferior to the average man of business would be to do him a great injustice. During the recent session in New York of ; the sub-committee of the U. S. Senate Com! mittee on Education and Labor, Mr. Gould | was summoned before that body as a witj ness. There was a large attendance of persons curious to see and hear him, and his examination occupied nearly a whole day, covering a variety of topics, more or less closely relating to the labor question. A brief synopsis of his testimony will prove interesting in this connection. He was first asked to give a sketch of his life and business enterprises, and complied, giving an outline of his business life from boyhood from his first start, tending cattle on liis father's farm, through several experiences as the maker of sun dials for farmers, as a surveyor, tanner, railroad superintendent, speculator and director. His first railroad connection, he said, was as superintendent of what is now a part gf the Rennselaer and Saratoga Railroad. During the panic of 18o9 he bought in a large amount of the stock of this road at a low figure and afterwards sold it at a handsome profit. He next interested himself in the Cleveland and Pittsburg, which he afterwards leased to the Pennsylvania Railroad. He told of his connection with the Union TJnrtlRn ttfltwtK La Ln/1 folron lin it'Lnn if WOC 1 tiUiiil, vvm^ii lie iiau laatii ttuui xv *?a.j on the point of being placed in the hands of a receiver. He afterwards sold the stock of this railroad, and it is now in the hands of 7,000 investors and represented the capital of many widows and orphans. It was now higher than when he sold it. His next venture was the building up of the Gould railroad sytem in the South and West, beginning with the purchase of the Missouri Pacific. At this time he had passed the point where money making was an object, and his idea in carrying out the system was to see what could be done by combination. The system now extends, he said, through Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Indian Territory and Mexico, and its construction was completed last year. It embraces 10,000 miles of road. When lie took possession of these lines their earnings aggregated about $70,000 a month. The earnings for the past month were $.3,500,000. He said he was now a director in the Chicago and Northwest, Chicago and Rock Island, Delaware, Lackawana and Western, New York and New England, and several smaller companies. His telegraphic connection, he .said, was incidental to his railroad interests?the two being intimately related. He had been instrumental in starting the American Union to compete with the Western Union, but finding this impossible, he had turned his attention to getting hold of the Western Union. His object in securing control of the Western Union was to make his friend, General Eekert, business manager of the Western Union Company. He said its value was nearly equal to its capitalization. He thought seven per cent, was a fair estimate of the earning power of the company. The value of its franchises could not be estimated by any known means. Its contracts with railroads had been made under varying circumstances. Its stock was distributed all over the country, $(10,000,000 of it being held by investors, and he thought that within two years every share of this stock now on the market would be absorbed. There might be water in the Western Union, but the same could be said of all kinds of property which had increased in value. In reply to a question of Senator Blair, the witness said it would be impossible for him to give an approximate estimate of the value of the Western Union's property. He judged of the value of the property by the earning power. With regard to postal telegraphy, Mr. J Gould said he thought the institutions of U11S cuuuuy \>cic (jpj/uucvi iu auj ouv>> thing. Again, the telegraphic business, more than any other, required to he managed by experts. Under a government system the management would be subject to chance and the particular political party in power. A postal service would, he thought, be better managed by a private enterprise than by the government. He would not object to the government taking hold of the telegraph system of the Western Union if it would ?pay what it is worth on a fair appraisal. He did not think.there could be any lasting competition against the Western Union, its facilities were so great. When there were powerful rivals the rates were not reduced, because the competitor was obliged to charge rates as high as the Western Union in order to live. The government had the right to fix a limit beyond which the profits of the company could not go, but it had not the right to take away private property without just compensation. The witness testified at length as to railroad rates and competition, and explained the railroad "pooling" arrangement. He did not believe in government interference with railroad rates, as competition would ilnwi^VB rcjjuiaic uiciu< With regard to the labor problem, he said that labor and capital, if left to themselves, would bring about a satisfactory adjustment of their difficulties. There was no panacea for the discontent of one or the other. He believed labor got its fair share of the product of labor and capital, and that the returns for capital were constantly growing less. The cause of the present discontent of the laboring classes was that there was a surplus of labor in this country, owing to large immigration and the stoppage of railroad building. The surplus immigration was, however, placing itself in the Northwest on government and railroad lands. It was the interest of the railroads to get small farmers on these lands. It would be contrary to the interests of the railroads to sell large tracts of land to private speculators. He thought the animosities and grievances of the laboring classes had been fostered and exaggerated by the societies to which they belonged. The only safeguard for society was the education of the masses, and any legislation in the interest of labor should have this in view. The legitimate field of trade organizations was, he thought, confined to benevolent institutions.