Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lewis m. grist, proprietor. | ^n Inbeprntat J'amib ietospapcr: |tr l|je |nrniotiim of % Idilical, Social, ^gricnltnral anir Commercial Interests of % Sratj). |terms--$2.so a tear, in advance. VOL. 27. , YORKYILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, MARCH 17, 1881. NO. 11. ^elected ffldtii. NEVER STOP TO RUB YOUR BRUISES. BY HINDA. Life is wasting?time is flying, All its sands will soon be run ; Be ye up and be ye trj'ing, Cease not till your work is done. Though no star its light diffuses, And you stumble oft and fall. Never stop to rub your bruises, Travel on in spite of all. Onward ! onward ! and to-morrow What to you looks fearful now, Will depart with every horror, That o'erhangs the mountain brow; Though your labor all amuses, And save conflicts on you fall, Never stop to rub your bruises, Travel on in spite of all. Though your friends may all forsake you, And thy'every effort chill, Leaving them, perhaps will make you, Some like serpents charm to kill; Should theoneaffection chooses; Often times will you enthrall, Never stop to rub your bruises, TVavnl nn in ?nite of all. Should old fortune hoard her treasures. And on you no gold bestow, What are they but empty pleasures, Which can only lustre show ? Though your strength almost refuses To uphold 'neath famine's pallNever stop to rub your bruises, Trave' on in spite of all. Hoist the sail, although the ocean Seems so peacefully at restHoist the sail and wait the motion, Winds are nestlingin its breast; 'Wakeningthen new life infuses, Loud the battling breezes squallThen the barque with all her bruises, Travels on in spite of all. Ihc Miff. MARY MOORE. CHAPTER I. All my life long I had known Mary Moore. All my life I had loyed her. Our mothers were old playmates and first cousins. My first recollection is of a boy in a red frock and morocco shoes, rocking a cradle, in which reposed a sunoy haired, blueeyed baby, uot quite a year ol? That boy was myself?Harry Church ; that blue eyed baby was Mary Moore. Later still, I see myself at the little schoolhouse, drawing my little chaise up to the door that Mary might ride home. Many a ? beating have I gaiued on such occasions, for other boys beside me liked her, and she, I i fear, was something of a flirt, even in her pinafores. How elegantly she came tripping down the steps when I called her name! How sweetly her blue eyes looked at me! How gaily rung out her merry laugh ! That fairy laugh! No one but Mary could ever bring bor Hoftpf snnn to her lins. I followed that laugh from the days of my childhood till I grew an awkward, blushing youth. I followed it through the heated noon of manhood?aud, now, when the frosts of age are silvering my hair, and many children climb my knee and call me "father," I find that memories of you are strong, and that even in grey hairs, I am following its music still. When I was fifteen, the first great sorrow of my life came upon my heart. I was sent to school and was obliged to part with Mary. We were not to see each other for three long years. This, to me, was like a sentence of death, for Mary was like life itself to me. But hearts are tough things, after all. I left college in all the flush and vigor of my nineteenth year. I was no longer awkward and embarrassed. I had grown into a tall, slender stripling, with a very good opinion of myself, both in general and particular. If T thought of Mary Moore, it was to imagine how I would dazzle and bewilder her with my good looks aud wonderful attain* 4~ iUinl*i.,ra !>!? elm r?> nrlit IlieilU) ? UCVCI LlJlUAiug mat owe iui|ut and bewilder rae still more. I was a coxcomb, I know ; but as youth and good looks have fled, I trust I may be believed when I say that self-conceit has left me also. An advantageous proposal was made to me at this time, and accepting it, I gave up all ideas of a profession, and prepared vto go the Indies. In my hurried visit home I saw nothing of Mary Moore. She had gone to a boarding school at some distance, and was not expected home until the following May. I uttered one sigh to the memory of my little blue-eyed playmate, and then called myself 'a man again." "In a year," I thought, as the vehicle whirled away from our door?"in a year, or three years at the most, I will return, aud if Mary is as pretty as she used to be, why then, perhaps I may marry her." And thus I settled the future of a young lady whom I had not seen for four years. I never thought of the possibility of her refusing me?never dreamed that she would m.t condescend to accept my offer. But now I know that had Mary met me then, she would have despised me. Perhaps in the scented and affected student, she might have found plenty of sport; but as for loving me, or feeling the slightest iuterest iu rae, I should have perhaps found I was mistaken. India was my salvation, not merely because of my success, but because my laborious industry had counteracted the evil in my nature, and made me a better man. When, at the end of three years, I prepared to return, I said nothing of the reformation in myself which I knew had takeu place. "They loved me as I was," I murmured to myself, "and they shall htid out for tneraselves whether I am not better worth loving than formerly." I packed up many a token from that land of romance and gold, f?>r the friends I hoped to meet. The gift for Mary Moore I selected with a beating heart. It was a ring of rough, virgin gold, with my name and hers engraved inside?that was all, and yet the * side of that little top strangely thrilled me as I balanced it on the tip of my finger. To the eyes of others, it was but a small plain circlet, suggesting thought, perhaps, byits elegance, of the beautiful white hand that was to wear it. But to me?how much was embodied there ! A loving smile on a beautiful face?low words of welcome, a future home, and a sweet, smiling face?a group of merry children to climb my knee?all these delights were hidden within the little ring of gold. CHAPTER II. Tall, bearded and sun bronzed, I knocked at the door of my father's house. The lights in the parlor window, the hum of conversation, and the cheerful laughter, showed me that company had assembled there. I hoped my sister Lizzie would come to the door, and that I might greet my family when no strange eye" was looking curiously on. But no?a servant answered my summons. They were too merry in the parlor to heed the long absent one when he asked for admittance. A Litter thought like this was pissing throught ray mind, as I heard the sounds from the parlor, and saw the half suppressed smile upon the servant's face. I hesitated a moment before I made myself known or asked for the family, and while I stood silent, a strange apparition grew up before me. From behind the servant peered out a small golden head, a tiny, delicate form followed, and a sweet, childish face, with blue eyes was lifted up tu mine?so like those of ! one who had brightened ray boyhood, that I started back wilb a sudden feeling of pain. ! "What is your name, my little one?" I asked, while the wondering servant held the door. She lifted up her hand as if to shade her j eyes (I had seen the very attitude of another in ray boyhood many and mauy a time,) and I answered in a sweet bird like voice: "Mary." "What else ?" I asked quickly. "Mary Moore Chester," lisped the child. My heart sank down like lead. Here was an end to all the bright dreams of my youth and manhood. Frauk Chester, my boyish i rival, who had often tried, and iu vain, to i usurp my place beside the girl, had sueI ceeded at last, and had won her away from j me! This was his child?his child and I Mary's. I I sank, body and soul beneath this blow, < and hiding my face in my hands, I leaned against the door, while ray heart wept tears of blood. The little one gazed at me grieved and amazed, and put up her pretty lip as if about to cry, while the perplexed servant step1 A- ?I" ? -j nrid nollorl m V B1Q fp r I peu IU me {)?! IVI UUUI) auu VHUKU w.v... i out to see who it was that conducted himself so strangely. I heard a light step, and a pleasant voice saying: "Do you wish to see my father, sir?" ! I looked up. There stood a pretty sweetfaced maiden of twenty, not much changed | from the dear little sister I had loved so well. I I looked at her for a moment, and then, stifling the tumult of my heart by a mighty ef| fort. I opened my arms and said : "Lizzie, don't you know me ?" "Harry! Oh, my brother Harry?" she cried, aud threw herself upon my breast. She wept as if Lvr heart would break. I could not reep. I drew her into the lighted parlor, and stood there with her before them all. There- was a rush and a cry of joy, and then my father and mother sprang toward me, and welcomed me home with heart felt tears! Oh, strange and passing sweet is such a greeting to the way-worn wanderer! And as I held my dear old mother to my heart, and grasped ray father's hand, while Lizzie still clung beside mc, I felt that all was not yet lost, and though another had secured life's choicest blessing, many a joy remained for me in this dear sanctuary of home. There were four other inmates of the room who had arisen on my entrance. One was the blue eyed child whom I had already seen, and who stood beside Frank Chester, clinging to his hand. Near by stood Lizzie Moore, Mary's eldest sister, and in a distant corner, to which she had hurriedly retreated when ray name was spoken, stood a tall and slender figure, half hidden by the heavy window curtains that fell to the floor. When the first rapturous greeting was over, Lizzie led me forward with a timid grace, and Frank Chester grasped my hand. "Welcome home, my boy!" said he, with the loud, cheerful tones I remember so well. "You have changed so that I should never have known you ; but no matter for that? vour heart is in the right place, I know." "How can you say be has changed ?" said ray mother, gently. "To be sure he looks older and grayer, and more like a man than when he went away?but his eyes and smile are the same as ever. He is my boy still." "Ay, mother," I said sadly, "I am your boy still." Heaven help me ! At that moment I felt like a boy, and it would have been a blessed relief to have wept upon her bosom as I had done in infancy. But I kept down the beating of my heart and the tremor of my lip, and answered quietly, as I looked in his full, handsome face : "You have changed too, Frank; but I thiuk for the better." "Oh, yes?thank you for that compliment," he answered with a hearty laugh. "My wife tells me I grow handsomer every day." His wife??could I hear that name and keep silent still ? "And have you seen my little girl?" he added, lifting hfe infant in his arms and kissing her crimson cheek. "I tell you there is not such another in the world. Don't you think she looks very much as her mother used to ?" "Very much as her mother used to?" "Hallo !" cried Frank, with a suddenness that made me start violently, "I have for gotten to introduce you to ray wife; I believe you and she used to be playmates in your young day3?eh, Harry?" and he slap ped me on the back. "For the sake of old times, and because you were not here at the wedding, I'll give you leave to kiss her once? but mind, old fellow, you are not to repeat the ceremony. Come?here she is, and I for once want to see how she will manage those ferocious mustaches of yours in the operation." He pushed Lizzie, laughiug and blushing, towards me, and I cried out before I thought: "Not Mary !" It must have betrayed my secret to every one in the room, but nothing was said. Even Frank, in general so obtuse, was this time silent. I kissed the fair cheek of the young wife, and hurried to the silent figure looking out from the wiudow. "Mary?Mary Moore." I said in a low, eager voice, "have you no welcome to give the wanderer?" "I am glad to see you here, Harry." Simple words?and yet .how blest they I made me! I would not have yielded up | that moment for an emperor's 'crown?for | there was the happy home group, and the | dear home fireside, and there sweet Mary I Moore! The eyes that I had dreamed of by I day and night were falling before the ardeut 1 gaze of mine ; and the sweet face I had so j longed and prayed to see, was there before | me. I never kuew what happiness was till i that moment came. Many years have passed since that happy I night, and the hair that was dark and glossy, j is fast becoming grey. I am growing to be l an old raau, and can look back to a long and j happy and I hope, a well spent life. And I yet sweet as it Has been, i would not recall a I single day, for the love that made ray inan! hood so bright, shines also on ray white hairs. An old man! Cau this be so? At heart j I am as young as ever. Mary, with her I bright hair parted smoothly from a brow that | has a slight furrow upon it, is still the Mary } of ray early days. To me she can never grow j old nor change. The heart that held her in | her infancy, and sheltered her in the flush j and beauty of womauhood, can never cast I her out till life shall cease tj warm it. Nor even then?for love still lives above. No Max Can Borrow Himself Out of Debt.?If you wish for relief, you must work for it?economize for it; you must | make more and spend less than when- you | were running in debt you; must wear home [spun instead of broadcloth ; drink water in j stead of champagne, and rise at four instead ! of seven. Industry, frugality, economy? | these are the handmaids of wealth, and the sure sources of relief. A dollar earned is worth ten borrowed, and a dollar saved is better than forty times its amount in useless gewgaws. Try our scheme, and see if it is not worth a thousand banks and valuation laws. SSf Texaa has 236 counties, of which but 162 are organized. There weie only 117 organized in 1871, but they count on having 300 eventually. |p5ttUiittC0ttsi fading. COTTON MILLS IN SOUTH CAROLINA. From the News and Courier, Chnrlestrn, 3. C. | The Camperdown Mills, This factory includes two mills, about 150 yards apart, situated on the Reedy River, in the city of Greenville, and is the only cotj ton manufacturing establishment in the State which is located within the corporate limits j of a city. Both buildings are of brick. That | which is known as the lower mill is three ; stories high, and is run by two turbine wheels j with 125 horse power, having a fall of 32 I feet. The upper mill is a two story brick building, and is run by a 40 inch Leffell tur| bine wheel with 200 horse power and a fall ! of 32 feet. The lower mill was built in 1874, ! and the upper mill in 1876. At the upper mill I both steam and water-power is used, the steam being 125 horse power. In a few weeks the company propose to introduce steam to the amount of 325 horse power in both mills. This is to avoid the contingency of a failure of water in the summer months. These mills were formerly owned by Samp son, Hall & Co., and in 1876, when the new mill was built, the name was changed, and Mr. Hamlin Beatie was elected president of the company. At present Mr. J. A. Sandford is the general superintendent. He is a New Englander, and is thoroughly educated in the cotton manufacturing business. The capital stock of the company is 8168.000. The total capacity of the two mills is 12,840 spindles and 112 cards. The class of goods manufactured are hoisery yarns from 6 to 18, and twisted yarns as high as No. 36. The consumption of raw cotton is 7,000 pounds per day, or 100 bales per week, and the daily production of manufactured goods is 6000 pounds of yarn. Two hundred and sixty operatives, all white, are employed, about one-half of whom are females. These operatives are accommodated in 72 tenement houses, owned by the company and rented at from 81.50 to 83 50 per month. The operatives are all native with the exception of five skilled hands from the North. The payroll per month, including salaries, is 84,200. During the past year the company has paid an 8 per cent, dividend, has laid aside a reserve fund as commercial capital of 825,000, and has expended $15,000 in improving the property. The property is now valued at 8310,000. As these mills were run by both steam and water, I thought I would be able to get a definite opinion as to the relative cost of these two classes of power. T ... ,i _ ? A. in answer to ray inquiry upon mis poini, iur. Sandford, the superintendent of the mills, stated that he had never kept any accurate account of the matter. He rather preferred steam, he thought, because it could be more closely regulated, and was more reliable. "A combination of steam and water," he said, "will yield the best results. I know that when we run by water alone our production falls off. The Merrimac Mills at Lowell are run by both steam and water, and they have an abundance of water power if they preferred to use it. I know that the steam mills at the North pay higher dividends than the water mills, and that the mills which are run by a combination of water and steam produce the best results. If you can get a good and cheap class of operatives in Charleston, you can run a steam cotton mill as cheaply as a water mill here. The cost of coal would be cheaper in Charleston than almost anywhere else in the State. I pay 81.25 per ton for my coal at the mine, and yet it costs-me here 86.10 per ton. Coal could be laid down in Charleston in bulk by vessel much cheaper than that, I should imagine. As to the salt damp atmosphere of Charleston, I don't think that an objection which needs consideration. The same objection exists at Fall River, and it is never considered there. Goods are in those places manufactured en tirely in an artificial atmosphere. As to the general prospects of manufacturers in this State, my opinion is that the prospect is very favorable. I think that the same class of goods can be manufactured here half a cent cheaper than at the North under ordinary circumstances, and besides the manifold advantage of position, we can run here seventytwo hours per week to their sixty. The exemption from taxation for ten years is, without doubt, a great inducement for the establishment of new factories, and besides it places the State on a footing with the Grounding States where this exemption exists. I think if Northern capitalists only thoroughly understood the condition of affairs here, a great deal of capital would be invested in this State. You would be surprised to know how little the North really does know of the conditiou of affairs at the South. I know how ignorant they are, because I have been there and was raised there myself. I never had an idea until I came to the South of the very great advantage she possesses over the North as a cotton manufacturing couutry. The South has one of the best climatesin the world, the labor is cheap, the cotton is right at the doors of the mills, and, in addition to these, the South has the advantage of extra running hours. I think that England will be the greatest sufferer by the general establishment of cotton manufactories at the South. The North, as soon as the South goes into manufactures generally, will be speedily compelled to abandon the manufacture of the coarser goods, and will, as an act of self preservation, take up the manufacture of the finer goods, in which England now takes the lead. In time, of course, the South will monopolize all the coarser manufactures, and, if she chooses to, there is no reason why she^Bhould not get her share of the finer goods. There is plenty of room here, and no one need fear competition. There are only about 600,000 spindles in operation in the South against 10,000,000 in j the United States, and 90,000,000 in the I world. This last year England has had 30,j 000,000 spindles stopped, which is three times j as many as we have in the United States. The field here has not begun to be occupied. If we had the same number of spindles here we would beat the North to death in a short time. These are bound to come in time. As young i as I am, I remember that 20 years ago we at the North thought it impossible to get along without English superintendents in our factories. They have become educated to the business now themselves, and they never think | of calling in foreign skill. It is the same ! way at the South. You are just beginning and you think you can't get along without a Northern superintendent. A few years j will work a change here just as it did at the ; North. You have the brain, and in time you ! will not need anything but native labor and | native skill. It takes time to reach the stand: ard which they of the North have reached ' by years of experience. But it is bound to come in time. "This last year we produced 1,600,000 i pounds of yarn with 12,840 spindles, spinning ; and twisting. This, of course, includes all i the variety of numbers up to No. 36. If we j had manufactured onl^Nos. 6 and 8, the production would have been nearly double. The Northern mills get a more uniform rate of high speed than we do, and they have, hy their experience, a closer management. The Southern manufactories will improve, just as they have done, by experience. Our increase in production over last year is 10 per cent." "Will the Clement hurt manufacturers?" I asked. "I would not like to express an opinion," Mr. Sandford said, "because I have never examined it. I don't think that if it is a success that it will interfere with the large manufacturers. It might come into competition with the manufacturers of very cheap warps. The process is too cheap to compete with the fiuer goods. They have simply gone right back to first principles." It may be said iu connection with these mills, that they are the only establishments of the kind in the State that manufacture colored hosiery yarns. Six large vats and eight tubs are used, and the dyeing is done in the raw material and in the skein. The process adds ten per cent, to the value of the yarn, ! which meets with ready sale in the South. In conjunction with this department is also a j bleaching room, with all the necessary raa chinery for making bleached goods. From j the waste, the company also makes large i quantities of white, brown and colored wrapping twine and rope, which also meets with a ready sale, and goes very far to reduce the per centage of loss by waste in the process of manufacture. Another very useful and profitable department which is attached to the factory, is the department for covering the rollers which are used in the process of drawing and doubling the sliver. The expense of having this work done at the North is quite an item in the expenses of a cotton mill. The Camperdown Mills do their owi roller covering as well as the same class of work for other factories. The Pendleton Jtlauuractaring Company. This cotton factory is situated three and a half miles from the Town of Pendleton, on "Tweuty-three Mile Creek," and is within easy distance of the Blue Ridge Railroad. The mill is owned by Col. A. J. Sitton and J. VV. Norris, Esq. Col. Sitton is the president of the company, H. P. Sitton is secre tary and treasurer, and, and B. F. Wilson is superintendent. The factory is constructed of red brick and is two stories high. The main building is 150 by 50 feet, and the machine shop and packer room is 75 by 25 feet. The;nill was built in 1838, and was run by a company, of which Mr. B. F. Sloan was president, up to 1866. It was then bought by Messrs. Grady, Hamilton and Perry. This corporation was dissolved, and the mill fell into the hands of Mr. Perry, who organized the Pendleton Manufacturing Company, and operated the mill under that name. The company was unsuccessful and failed. The bondholders bought it in and ran it for fifteen months, and then it was sold to Col. Sitton and Mr. Norria for $10,350. The mill has been put in good repair by its present owners, and the machinery has been renewed with all the latest improvements. The capital invested is $20,000. The capacity of the mill is 1,600 spiudles. The consumption of raw cotton for the mouth ending 24th of January, was 23,767 pounds. The production during the same time was 22.118 pounds of bunch varus and chain warps from No. 4 to No. 12. The waste in the process of manufacture was 1,649 pounds, which is only 6 9 per cent.?a less waste than any other mill in the State shows. The cost of the cotton for the same month was 10.68 cents per pound, or a total cost of 82,538.31. The total expense for the month, including operatives' wages, salaries and supplies, were $230.18 The yarn manufactured sold for from 22 to 231 cents per pound, or an average of 22 cents per pound. The gross receipts, therefore, for the production during the month were $4,866 86. The total cost of manufacture was $2,768.49, and the net profit for the month was $2,098.37. This is a magnificent shewing, and if the same rate of profits continue throughout the year the capital will double itself. Of course the expenses of shipment, insurance, drayage and commissions must be deducted from the profits as given above, but placing those expenses at the very highest figures, they will not amount to more than 15 per cent.; and on the other side there were receipts from bagging and ties and sweepings and motes which would swell the profits. The mill is now engaged in working off an order for a lot of 4 and 51 yarns, which will keep them working for six months. The cards are run from 6 A. M. to 12 o'clock midnight in order to keep the spiudles supplied. The factory employs 60 operatives, threefourths of whom are females. Spinners receive 40 cents per day, and the highest price paid per day for any operative is $1.75. These operatives are accommodated in 35 tenement houses, which are owned by the company, and are furnished rent free. Two hundred persons are dependent upon the factory for support. The water force employed is 63 horse power applied to two Leffel turbine wheels. The profits of the factory for the last year have been invested in new machinery and improvements, and the property is now valued at $25,000. The percentage of profit for the year was over 20 per cent, on the capital invested. As to the prospect for the establishment of manufactories in this State, Col. Sitton, with whom I conversed, stated that he had been working his mill since last April under a contract. For the 15 months previous to that time it was pretty hard to get along. Now they were always behind hand in their work. "The demand for our goods," said Col. Sitton, "is unprecedented, and for the next five years, at least, there is a great deal of money in the business. The revival of trade all over the country helps us, and there 'is not a day that 1 do not have to decline orders." About the Clement Attachment, Col. Sitton said : "I have never seen one of the machines. I have seen the yarn and it is good, i I have nothing to say against the quality of the goods, but if any praciical man will read the statements made by the agents of the machine, he will see that they are not prepared accurately. For instance, they claim a great J saving from the fact that the planter need not bale his cotton, while the truth is that the nlanter makes money ou all the bagging and ties he uses. He pays 81.25 for them and gets 82.10 on every bale for the additional weight. Another objection I have to it is that I am told that it does not gin clean. If thia is so, | the percentage of waste must be very great. I They cau't work their waste over like we can 1 a portion of it, by running it through the j cards again, because they can't get it to the : cards without running it through the gin, and I it won't go through the gin without the seed, j In my opinion the only use it will be found profitable to put it to, is to work up the cot] ton on a small plantation. They say that | they consume 500 pounds of seed cotton and turn out 160 pounds of yarn per day. "Shere must be some mistake here, because the very best gins do not turn out more than 166 | pounds of lint cotton to 500 pounds of seed j cotton. This would leave them only six ! pounds waste in manufacturing 160 pounds of ! yarn. There are many other reasons why I ! think the machines will not do what is claimed for them." j The Pendlelon Factory also gins 175 bales i of cotton and cards 3,000 pounds of wool for j the surrounding farmers. This pays 10 cents a pound for cardiug the wool and a toll of I 1-15 for ginning. The recent success achieved by this factory, as compared with its past difficulties, shows very conclusively that good management is the prime factor of success in a cotton factory, j The Piedmont ittannfactaring Company. This factory is the pride of the up-country, j and it deservedly holds a foremost place among the manufactories of the State. It is ! located on the Saluda River, at the Town of Piedmont, and is within a few hundred yards of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad. The buildings are constructed of red brick. The main building is four stories high, and 254 by 54 feet in dimensions, with a wing 40 by 86 feet. The packer house is 40 by 70 feet, and the opening room is 40 feet square. Mr. H. P. Hamraett is the president and treasurer, and Mr. A. R. Steele is the superintendent. The capital stock is $334,400, all paid in. The consumption of raw material is 8,800 pounds, or 20 bales of cotton per day. The classes of goods manufactured are sheetings, shirtings, drills, and from 8 to 12 yarns. The factory was built in 1874, and operations were commenced in 1876. Its present capacity is 10,624 spindles and 240 looms. The production is 15,500 yards of cloth and 2,600 pounds of yarn per day. The cost of produc tion is 2.04 100 cents per pound inside of the mill, and 2.75-100 cents per pound on the railroad ready for shipment. This includes pay rolls, salaries, insurance and every thing. Three hundred operatives, all white, are employed, and a population of 600 people are dependent upon the factory for support. The average rate of wages for spiuuers is 50 cents a day, and the annual pay roll, including salaries. is 850.000. The operatives reside in 77 tenement houses which belong to the company, and are furnished rent fren. The company also owns a church, a boarding house, a store, a depot at the railroad, and 600 acres of land, which have ail been paid for. The force of the river varies from 600 to 1,000horse power. Three hundred and fifty horse power is now being utilized. The running expenses of the factory, not including the pay roll and salaries, is 81,000 per month. The success achieved by this factory during the past year cannot be better shown than by the following exhibit of the operations of the mill for nine months, from March 31 to December 31, 1879, as taken from the books of the company: The gross profits for the nine months were as follows: From New York sales $14,896 96 From Baltimore sales 8,068 08 From Boston sales, yarns exclusively... 22,699 14 From local sales 29,864 62 From all other sources of profit 6,281 67 Total gross profits $81,810 47 Against which the followingcharges are to be made : Freights paid $1,707 58 Insurance 8,437 50 Interest 2,243 46 Expense Account 4,173 35 All other expenses 2,C37 55 $13,599 44 Net profits for the nine months from March 31 to December 31, 1879 $68,211 03 This is 20 4 10 per cent for the nine months, or at the rate of 25J per cent, per annum. The total balance to the credit of profit and loss, December 31st, 1879, after deducting expenses and dividend paid January 31st, 1879, was 886,746.44. The result of this showing was a meeting of the stockholders on the 29th of January last, at which it was determined to double the capacity of the factory and to increase the capital stock to 8500,000. The full details of the meeting have already been published in the News and Courier. I asked Mr. Hammett, the president, what he thought of the relative advantages, disadvantages and cost of water and steam power, and he said that in his opinion water power was very much cheaper and far superior to steam. As to the prospect of manufacturers in this State, Mr. Hammett said : "We have never had at any time since the war a future which was so encouraging to manufacturers as the present, and it will not do at all to base calculations on the preseut condition of affairs. I think a well constructed and wellmanaged cotton mill, in a favorable locality, is one of the best pieces of property in the State. It should not yield a net profit of less than 15 to 20 per cent, on the capital invested." The machinery at the Piedmont Factory is all American and all new. To use Mr. Hammet's own words : "There is no improvement in machinery in either Europe or America to improve the character or quantity of the goods manufactured that we have not got. With regard to the legislation necessary to induce the establishment of manufactories in the South, Mr. Hammet said: "I dou't think any national legislation necessary. What you want is money, and if you can't get men with money here to go into manufactories, you cau get as much money as you want from the North. I think the State exemption from taxation on all new manufacto ries for ten years is a wise provision." Mr. Hammett was not very enthusiastic in his commendations of the Clement Attachment. This is the third time," he said, "that it has risen up like a sea serpent. A man that can run a 'Clement Attachment' can run the Piedmont Mills. I don't think the planters can make any money with these machines unless thev emolov exDerienced operatives. "" ~ ~~~ ?r I V i * and they can't afford to employ skilled labor on such a email scale. Their goods will not stand the test of the market. There is not enough uniformity in their yarns." As to what the success of a cotton mill in Charleston, run by steam, would be, Mr. Ham mett said : "I should think that a yarn mill in Charleston, properly constructed, to make coarse yarns alone, out of the rejected and cheap cottons that could be bought there, might be run to great advantage and profit to the owners. I rather think negroes could be used to do coarse yarn work. I think they could be trained to make very fair goods. I don't think the labor would be much cheaper than with white operatives. We give our operatives good wages and take care of their morals. If you take our people at Piedmont and compare their morals with any other class of people similarly situated, the comparison will be very favorable to our people here. We get our labor from the natives living around in the neighboring county." The stock of the Piedmout Company, with the exception of $100,000, is held in this State, and $146,000 of it is held in Charleston. Westminster (the Clement Attachment Mill.) Having made a personal visit to the'cotton factories of the State, and having in conver sation with the manufacturers themselves, received opinions unanimously adverse to the practicability of establishing "The Clement Attachment" with any reasonable prospect of profit to those engaging in the enterprise, I thought it would be valuable to those who are discussing this matter so generally in this State and out of it, to have placed before them not only the objections which the large manufacturers make to the 'New Process Machine,' but also the answers to these objections which the agents and advocates ot the uiemeni Attachment urge in its favor, together with my own impressions and calculations, based upon a personal inspection of the process. Accordingly I boarded the Air Line Railroad at Greenville, and after a ride of about fifty miles, arrived at the town of Westminster, which is in Oconee, 9 miles from the Georgia line. For some time previous to arriving at the station I became aware, from the conversation of a party of gentlemen in the car, that I was not the only pilgrim in search of "The Clement Attachment," and when the train stopped three gentlemen stepped out with me. I was in the act of inquiring something about the location of the mill, when one of the party, who seemed to be oldest, saved me the trouble by asking the station master if he could tell him "whereabouts was that 'Little Spinning Jinny?' " We were told that "The Westminster Mills" were located about two miles off, and that a hack could be procured after we bad gone up to the "hotel" and taken breakfast. There is perhaps nothing which serves so soon to break down the barriers of etiquette and place men on terms of intimacy as a mutual hunt for a meal in a country village in upper South Carolina. A small house was pointed out to us, about a quarter of a mile down the railroad track, which was distinguished by having two chimneys, one at each end, in contradistinction to the other houses of the place, which had one chimney in the middle. This was the "Hotel." In fact, Westminster has become famous so rapidly that there has not been time to erect a more commodious building for the reception of guests. Befoie we had gone ten steps, I found that my companions were Mr. Holmes Hardin, of Chester, the president of the Chester and Lenoir Railroad ; Mr. Osman Barber, a representative in the Legislature from Chester ; and Mr. F. H. Barber, of Rock Hill. I was informed by tbem that they had come to examine the "Machine" with a view to estab I - < il 1 ! ?!._ TT nsning lactones in tneir localities. upou arriving at the hotel, I met another pilgrim. He had arrived the night before, and was from Bremond, Texas. He introduced himself as Mr. T. R. Hayes, of the firm of White & Hayes, proprietors of large cotton gins in Central Texas. He had come, he said, to make a personal examination of the Clement Attachment, in the interest of several capitalists, who would, upon his verdict, determine whether they would establish several factories near Bremond. Mr. Hayes gave an amusing account of bis chase after the Attachment. He first went to Memphis, where he was informed that one of the machines was in operation. He arrived there just in time to see the remains of the factory being carried off to Alabama. He then went to Corinth, Miss., and fouud the machine, but, as bad luck would have it, it was not in operation. He then heard of the Westminster Mill, and he came down with a half formed conviction that be would see this one rise up and fly-away as soon as he got near. Mr. Hayes said to me, with an anxious look, "Well, I think I have cornered it at last, but I will not be sure until I get my hand on it." I mention these facts to show the great interest which has recently sprung up among people all over the Southern States concerning this little machine, and the surprising difficulty experienced by those desiring to examine it in getting the opportunity to do so. About 9 o'clock the party started for the mill. After a long ride through a country which was so wild and desolate looking thatone of the party wanted to know if it wasn't unsettled government land, we arriyed at a modest-looking frame building, at the foot of a hill, and were told that this was the mill. The rumbling of the spindles soon reassured the party, especially the Texan, who appeared very anxious that the mill was actually in operation. The Striblings, the part owners of this mill, and the agents for the machine, very soon came forward, and, with marked patience and courtesy, spent several hours in describing to the visitors every part of the machinery and in answering the innumerable questions which were asked. The operation and mechanism have been already so fully described in the News and Courier that I will not attempt a repetition of it. Everything worked in the most satisfactory manner, and the visitors had the best possible opportunity of ex amimng tne worK irom toe momem ine beea was placed upon the feeding table until it came out sliver from the cards and rollers. The Westminster mill consists of the following machinery : One Clement Attachment, one 36 inch Wellman top flat card, one^fourdelivery Danforth drawing frame, one twelvebobbin Danforth speeder, two Danforth spinning frames, 132 spindles each ; two reels, one bunch press, one bale press, and one of the "Champion Cotton Cleaners." This completes the list of the machinery of the mill, which has a capacity of consumption of 150,000 pounds of seed cotton per anuum. A portion of this machinery, being second hand, cost 82,500, iustead of 83,-f 00 if it had been new. The cost of erecting buildings, applying motive power, furnishing, &c., was 81,200, making th* capital invested 83.700. Operations werg commenced on the 1st of April, 1878. The operatives consisted of seven young girls of the neighborhood, who^had never seen a cotton factory, and one skilled operator, who trained them and attended to the cards. By the first of November, the crop of 1877, amounting to 68,000 pounds of seed cotton, had been manufactured. They then estimated the crop which they had just made at 89,000 pounds, and as this would only run the machine seven months, they proceeded to pur* U rtl ? oalaa R1 t'UOSC lrUIJi LUC piUUCCUD UI blicu oaico VJLjVV/v pounds more to make enough to run twelve months. For this amount of cotton they paid an average of 21 ceuts per pound, or 3 10 of the market value of lint cotton. No difficulty was experienced in securing the cotton, and Mr. Stribling said that if he had the wateripower he would not hesitate to increase the capacity of the factory four or five fold. As farmers, the gentlemen who now compose the Westminster Manufacturing Company owned three gins, with presses, powers, &c. They have found, they say, that they can haul the seed cotton to the mill, a distance of ten miles, over a very hilly country, and effect a small saving over ginning at home. The use of the Clement Attachment, therefore, they claim has wrought for them, as farmers, a saving of $2,250, the amount invested in these gins. The consumption of seed cotton is 500 pounds per day, and the production is 160 pounds of yarn per day. This yarn they are now selling at 23 cents per pound. The cotton, therefore, per day, at three cents a pound, which is more than they paid for it, would cost 815. Operative and contingent expenses are placed at $4.50 per day, which would make the total coat of producing 160 pounds of yarns $19.50. The value of this amount of yarn in the market, at 23 cents per pound, would be $36.80, or over 40 per cent, net profit. The estimated profit is one cent net on every pound of seed cotton manufactured. Mr. Stribling is of the opinion that a mill of a capacity of 500,000 to 700,000 pounds per annum would pay H cents per pound. The net profit for the past twelve months had been, Mr. Stribling informed me, $1,800 on a capital of $3,700 invested. Having obtained these figures, showing the operations and profits of the mill for the last year, I asked Mr. Stribling to give me an answer to the many objections which the large manufacturers had made to this raachiue. In the first phce, I said, the factory men claim that you can't build a house large enough to hold the seed cotton for a large factory. Mr. Stribling said "That is all talk. You can store seed cotton in just double the space that it takes for the cotton in bales, and you save by doing away with the packer room and cumbrous pieces of machinery almost as much room as will make up this difference. A house 25 by 50 feet will house seed cotton equivalent to 100 bales. ' "How about the difficulty of procuring the seed cotton ?" I asked. "We have found," Mr. Stribling said, "no difficulty. I could have procured enough to run four or five machines. The farmers say they prefer to sell it in that way." "The factory men claim that you are at a disadvantage in being compelled to lay in your stock for the year at one time," I said. "We are at no greater disadvantage than they are," Mr. Stribling said. "They have here in the up-contry to lay in their cotton before it gets out of the country just as we have to do. Besides the seed cotton lying in bulk from eight to twelve months enhances in market value from II to 2 cents per pound, lint, by absorption of oil by the filaments from the seed, which gives the staple a rich creamy color, which increases its weight and tractility and causes it to work up with less waste. Not so with baled cotton which deteriorates in value the longer it is kept" " Well, now, how about the quality of your yarn ? Most of the factory men say it is of an inferior grade," I inquired. Mr. Stribling replied : "1 dont care to puff our own goods, but I think the endorsements we have received are sufficient to answer that question. Our yarns actually command a premium in the market Tine staple being preserved in this process perfectly straight, naturally makes a better class of goods, and works up with less waste. Mr. H. I. Kimball of the Atlanta Factory, has expressed himself as being astonished at the quality of our yarns. Yarns manufactured by this process in Mississippi received a diploma and medal of honor at it? n a ?_ 1 Oi.i. XM ine V/euieuuiai -Cixuiuuioii. oiaie lain ui Georgia and South Carolina have awarded premiums to F. E. Harrison, of Andersonville, S. C., for similar yarns made by him. Buckingham & Paulsen of New York, in a letter to us in December, 1878, state that they had seen some of our yarns in Philadelphia, and that they were the handsomest goods they had seen. Again they say, under date of June, 1879 : "There are no better yarns made, and they are put up in excellent shape." Again, under date of October 11, 1879, they say: 'We wish you would make u? ? ?uipment of yarns to Philadelphia, as we have an outsido trade for it there, and for a superior quality of yarn, such as you make us, we can find a ready market' These are some of the endorsements we have receivedk and the fact that We get 23 cents for our yarns is a practical evidence of its standing in the market" "But the factory men say you can't make any of the finer yarns," I said. "We can make any kinds of yarn," Mr. Stribling replied. "The spinning machinery is entirely separate from the Clement Attachment and- we can make any class of yarns we please." "Why, then, is it," I asked, "that the Clement Attachment at Andersonville has stopped, if this is such a bonanza ?" "That mill has stopped," Mr. Stribling replied, "because Col. Harrison, who ran it, is dead, and his estate has to be divided and is not yet settled." It is fair to state here that the factory men who opposed the Clement Attachment all admitted that they had never seen one. / Upon our return I asked the gentlemen in the party how they were impressed. Mr. Hayes; the gentleman from Texas, said: "I am satisfied with it and am not afraid to try it, with steam power." Mr. Osn^on Barber said : "I mean to buy them by June." Mr, F. E. Barber echoed this sentiment, and Mr. Hardin said he was very much pleased, and after a little figuring could tell whether he would go into the enterprise. My own impression is that if the quality of the yarn is as good as that manufactured by the old process, and there is no reason to doubt that it is, there is at least thirty-five per cent, net profit in the enterprise after deducting the cost of production, freights, com- . missions, insurance, drayage and every con : .c i av:_I. ?III ceiyauie expense 01 saie. x uuun wmi ii> mn afford a sure and handsome support to one, two or more farmers, who club together and manufacture their own crops, and for the yery same reasons that large factories pay better profits than small ones, I don't see why a number of these attachments run together with the appropriate complement of spinning machi lery; should not pay much more handsome! 7 in proportion. [ The very dee ? interest felt concerning the new process.is s own by the immense number of persons who ; re daily visiting the Wesminster Mill and ^ riting to the Striblings for information. Mr. Zimmerman, who keeps a livery stable at Westminster, says he has during the last few months furnished vehicles for over five hundred persons to go out to the mill, and hns made over $300 from this : source alone. Mr. Stribling told me, as an evidence of the vast correspondence he was compelled to carry on in answering questions, that he had expended in postage for this purpose alone, $47. It will not be many months before the new nrnr?wifl will h? thnrnnahlv tested in several different sections of the country, and the success or failure of these ventures will definitely settle the question whether or not the Clement Attachment is to work a revolution in cotton manfacturingf interests of the South. [conclusion next week.] Intermarriage op Relations.?The present King and Queen of Italy are first cousins, and their only child is extremely delicate; but so, also, are both parents. On the other hand, the natives of Piticairn Island, colonized iu 1789 bynine mutineers of the ship Bounty are ideals of health, in spite of constant intermarriage. The commander of the British ship Opal, who quite lately touched at the Island, reports the present population at ninety-three, and "all in excellent health." It is remarkable that with the number of necessary consanguineous marriages, those people do not show the supposed results of such marriages on their offspring. On the contrary, all whof^ have seen the mixed native and English de- i scendents of the original settlers, describe them as models of physical strength and perfection, and young girls even being "as strong as horses and as fleet of foot.as deer," carrying heavy burdens up and down the rock with equal grace and ease. Their out door life, lovely climate, and thefr chaste, temperate, and frugal habits, are the cause. One of the most terrible crimes ever committed in Maioe, has just been disclosed at the village of Week's Mills, twelve miles from Augusta. A Mrs. Merrill living there, bad a son twenty-three years eld, who was known as a bad boy, and with whom she had frequent disputes. On the 19th of February, the son was seen in company with bis mother, and the latter was not again seen alive. One of her daughters visiting the hjbuse detected the smell of burned flesh and asked ber broth..Krtnf If Knf La mm aronsM whirVi temno UUUUB 6-' rrarily satisfied her. The disappearance of the mother, however, led to an investigation, and the evidence became so strong that the son confessed that he struck his mother down with a hammer, cut the body in pieces with an axe, burned some of it and buried the rest in the snow. He gives no motive for the crime. - , . * S&r Before the close'ofjfc^last session of Congress, the President approved the following bills: An act making appropriations for the payment of pensions for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882; an act concerning the settlement of the boundary line between the States of New York and Connecticut; an act defining the verification of the returns of National banks; joint resolution authorizing the printing of 30,000 copies of the trade report of the United States Entomological commission. ? ttir By the failuve of the apportionment bill, which is justly attributable to factious opposition of Bepublicans in Congress, the extra sessions of the State Legislatures which will be made necessary to carry its provisions into effect, will entail an estimated expense of not less than 82,000,000 upon the taxpayers of 18 States. The proposed bill of Mr. Cox is perfectly fair, giving, as it does, each section a representation in Congress exactly proportionate to its population. ? ? ? Mr. Obodiah Dawson, a farmer in La)x>rte county, Indiana, who died recently, bad lived 68 days on water alone, being unable to receive any solid food because of a cancer of the stomach.