Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, August 12, 1880, Image 2

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Straps and Jacts. ~ I ? Sixty one short-horn cattle vyere sold at Winchester, Ky., last Thursday, at an average price of $300 each, or $17,000 in round numbers. On Friday fifty-five head were sold for $13,317.50, an average price of $220 per head. ? Texas has an area enough for an empire. Its 225 counties cover 274,000 square miles. In 1870 it had a population of 818,579. Returns of the present census indicate that it has nearly doubled in inhabitants in ten years. ? The census office says that the total population of the United States will be a little over 49,000,000. The official count will be needed to determine whether Ohio or Illinois is the third State of the Union in population. ? It is claimed, and the experience of the last two years bears it out, that the United States can supply Europe with breadstuff's and provisions cheaper than they can be pro tfuced ttoere. ? A committee from the Tammany Hall Democracy waited on the regular State Democratic Executive Committee last Friday, and it was finally resolved to heal all local differences and unite in the coming campaign. ? Hon. George H. Pendleton thinks Ohio will go Democratic in November. He formed this judgment by extensive journeys over the State, and an intelligent observation of the temper of the people. ? The gain in Southern representation in Congress by'enfranchising the negroes did not amount to so much as is sometimes suggested. At most, it is thought, only seven additional members accrued to the South from the measure. But were the negroes now to be disfranchised we would lose very largely. ? A Montgomery, A'a., dispatch of the 7th says recent rains have done much damage to the cotton crop. Worms had commenced to eat the cotton, and the rain prevented poisoning as much as was desired. It is now thought that on the prairies aud bottom lands not more than half the cotton will be made that was expected four weeks ago. Rust is injuring the cotton crop. ? The total receipts of the Post Office Department, as shown in the report of the Auditor for the last quarter, amounted to 88,849,832, and the total expenditures $9,186,385, showing a deficit of $336,553. The report also shows that the deficiency for the first nine months of the last fiscal year was 82,199,642, making the deficit for the entire year about $2,53* ,000. ? Senator Ben Hill.it is said, certified in mmStnn* ^r? 1/Nnnl^?f C/\ti nl o i m . tilting LU biic lUjttiijr VI ? uuuluciu vmuu aut of war damages, and a year or two afterwards, going to inquire as to the condition of the claim, he was shown appended to the certificate he had given, another also in his handwriting and with his signature, testifying to the same man's loyalty to the Southern Confederacy. ? "This is a nice time of night "or you to be coming in,"said a mother to her daughter, who returned from a walk at 10 o'clock. "When . I was like you," continued she, "my mother would not allow me out later than 7 o'clock." "Oh, you had a nice sort of a mother," murmured the girl. "I had, you young jade," said the mother, "a nicer, mother than ever you had." ? The cheapest service in the world is that rendered by the great railways of the United States in transporting freight. During 1879 the average rate per ton per mile received by thirteen trunk lines was only one cent and two hundredths, while on several of. these roads the average was below eighttenths of a cent. Ever since 1873 the annual average has been downward, and that without compulsion by Legislatures. ? It is stated that Nast refuses to caricature Hancock in Harper s Weekly, the alleged reason being that Nast favors Hancock, and besides, in March, 1873, he adorned Harper's Weekly with a double page cartoon, in which Garfield was a conspicuous figure, among other Radical "statesmen," arranged under a placard as follows: "Disgraced in the eye of the public for owning Credit Mcbilier stock, which was in fact and intent a fraud upon the government. Also for deceit and evasion." ? The Republican National Executive Committee met in New York last Friday. The meeting was held with closet! doors, but at its conclusion it was stated that a long discussion was had over the question of sending money and speakers to the Southern States. Views were heard of the represenlatives from Florida, North Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia. ft was also stated tha^ a decision was arrived at to send aid to Florida. No conclusion, it was stated, was arrived at in the cases of the other Southern States. ? The President has already begun preparations for his exit from the While House. For some time past large boxes marked to his address at Fremont have from time to time found their way to the railroad freighthouses, and Mrs. Hayes' contemplated trip to Fremont this fall will combine elements other than those strictly of pleas are, for occasion will then be taken for the shipment of such household articles as can be easily dispensed with during the remainder of their residence in Washington. Webb Hayes, it is said, intends to engage in business in Toledo next spring. ? "Would you mind standing here till I go in and get a cigar ?" he asked. "Of course not," she replied ; "but don't you vhink, Hen ry, thf.t smokiDg is offensive, and that it.will be easier practicing economy after marriage if it is practiced during courtship 1" "You're right," he said ; "I shan't smoke any more, sweet," and she looked unutterable love at him as they resumed their stroll. Just then they came to an ice cream Balcon, and he said: "There, now, I meant to treat you to ice cream, but, as you say, it is best to prac tice economy during courtship. Ten cents for a cigar, 30 cents for two ice creams?40 cents saved in a single night. Iiets go over to the fountain and take a drink of water." They went; but she was mad enough to bite her own head off. ? Mnsnnitnps nan he entirelv cot rid of. it 1 J # ?J is declared in Harper's Bazar, by burning in a room a teaspoonful of pyretbrum roseum or Persian chamomile, an innocuous drug, which can be purchased all ready for use of any apothecary at seventy cents a pound. The chamomile is said to be also an enemy to the house fly. It is affirmed that if you put the pyrethrura into a close, warm room, where flies most love to swarm, just after dark, in thirty minutes you will find them all dead or dying. But the drug must be pure. The tests of its purity are to have a bright buff" color, be light, readily burned and give a pleasant tea-like fragrance. One pinch should kill at once a dozen flies confined in a bottle. If these properties are lacking it is adulterated. ? The grain crop for 1880 is estimated at ten per cent, more than that of last year, running near 500,000,000 of bushels. Onehalf of this, it is estimated, will be sent abroad, the other half being consumed nt home and used for seed. An important question is the route this immense bulk of wheat will take to reach the coast for shipment. The freight from Chicago and St. Louis is said to be about eighteeu cents a bushel; while j by the canal the freightage is twelve cents, j The New Orleans Democrat hopes for a con-! siderable increase of shipment via the Missis-1 sippi River. The cost of transportation to ; New Orleans is seven cents a bushel, and per- j haps it may be still further reduced. If so,! a large share of the crop will seek Europe} through that city. This will give New Or-; leans an increased importance both abroad and at home. ? Illinois still leads all the other States in the number of miles of its railroads. This position Illinois has occupied since 1870, at which time it passed Pennsylvania, which previously had been the leading railroad State, j The railway mileage of the former State is I now 7,578 ; Pennsylvania comes second, with 6,068 miles; New York follows close behind, i with 6,008 miles; Ohio is fourth, having 5,521 miles.; Iowa fifth, with 4,779 miles, and Indiana sixth, with 4,836 miles; Missouri, Michigan, Kansas, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Texas, Georgia and California follow in the order named. There is no State or Territory which is totally devoid of railroads, though Montana Territory can boast of but ten miles of completed road. New Mexico, which stands next lowest, and which two years ago had not a mile, now has 118 miles and is adding to it every week. ? On the 4th instant, Commissioner Raum, of the Bureau of Internal Revenue, submitted his report to the Secretary of the Treasury, showing that during the past fiscal year $125,981,916.10 of Internal Revenue taxes had been collected and that the entire sura had been paid into the Treasury. During the past four fiscal years the total amount of taxes received by the Internal Revenue Collectors, was $467,080,885.10, and the entire sum has been paid into the Treasury. The cost of collection has been about 3 per cent. The great bulk of taxes were paid promptly, with few penalties and without litigation. Frauds ! *** + V? rv Cs VflTTO KoOTl rP^llf?Pfl tO I Ill mv/Ob VI bUC X/IOVI 1V/IM >W(V vvvu - - . a minimum. During the past four years a well sustained effort has been made to suppress the illicit manufacture and sale of whisky and tobacco in a number of districts in the Southern States where, for many-years, these practices had been rife. During that period 3,874 illicit stills have been seized, 7,078 persons arrested for illicit distilling, 25 officers and employees have been killed and 55 wounded while enforcing the laws. Frauds upon the revenue have been greatly reduced and violent resistance to the law has practically ceased in all of these districts, except the Second District of Georgia. fwMIc flhtquiw. , YORKVILLE. S. cV: THURSDAY MORNING. AUG. 12. 1880. THE PRIMARY PLAN. As will be seen from the result of the election last Saturday, elsewhere announced, the primary plan of making nominations has been adopted by the Democracy of York county. We would have been glad had there been a larger vote, yet in comparison with the norcrrecrRte vote cast, the maioritv is suf ""v "BO"D * - * ? ficiently emphatic to place it beyond the shadow of a doubt that the result is in accordance with the sentiment of a majority of the Democratic voters. The plan of making nominations having been decided upon, it only remains for the details of conducting the primary election to be arranged by the County Convention to assemble on the 21st instant. In the adoption of these rules, we apprehend but one serious question will be presented, and that is as to whether the plurality or majority rule shall be adopted; and we throw out the hint in advance, that the people may mature and discuss the subject thoroughly, so they may be enabled to instruct their delegates as to their wishes. Both rule3 have been tried in some of the counties which have adopted the primary system ; but it has been found that the plurality rule has given the most satisfaction, and in some cases where the majority rule has been adopted, it was afterwards discarded for the plurality. By the plurality rule is meant, simply that rule governing all popular elections, that he who obtains the largest vote shall be declared elected; and if it obtains in the final decision, there is no just reason why it should not be equally satisfac tory in the selection of a candidate. Many objections could be urged against the majority plan, the most important of which is the uncertainty of making a nomination at the first election, while by the plurality plan the decision can be made with equal fairness at one balloting. The executive committee, in session last Tuesday, passed the following resolution: Resolved, That the Convention to assemble on the 21st of August, be requested to consider and decide upon the following questions rendered necessary by the primary mode of making nominations: 1. Amendment of the county constitution to conform to the primary plan of making nominations. _ 2. Whether appointment of representation in county conventions shall be from precincts or clubs, and the number of delegates to be allowed to each. 3. The adoption of rules to govern primary elections. 4. The obligation to be required of candidates for office in the primary election. 5. Whether the plurality or majority rule shall decide. 6. Time of holding the primary election. In the meeting of the Executive Committee, the probable date of holding the primary election was only incidentally alluded to, it being considered a subject properly for disposition by the County Convention. It is not likely, however, that it will be ordered before the latter part of September or the first part of October. SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? Spartanburg has fifty-two candidates in the field. ? Hon. M. P. O'Connor has been unanimously re-nominated as the Democratic candidate for Congress from the First District. ? On Tuesday of last week, Miss Fannie, youngest daughter of Judge W. H. Wallace, was married to Mr. James H. Maxwell, of Pendleton. ? Gen. R. R. Hemphill, editor of the Abbeville Medium, has published a card declining to allow the use of his name as a candidate for re election to the Legislature. ? Township committees have been appointed in Greenville county, to solicit subscriptions in aid of the King's Mountain Centennial celebration. TT aPaw^a vnkn nroo fa ! X rui. U uacpu JUtvumc, nuu new eievieu ev> i the chair of Mineralogy and Botany, has refused to accept that position in the faculty of the State Agricultural College. ? Marlboro' is one of the most prosperous ! counties in the State. There has not been a 1 bar-room in Bennettsville, the county-seat, for 1 the last forty-five years. ? Charles P. Pressley, of Abbeville, son of, Dr. Joseph L. Pressley, is the successful ap- j plicant for the appointment as Cadet at West Point from the Th id Congressional District. I Mr. Pressley is a recent graduate of Erskine ; College, having finished the course of study j in that institution in June last. ? A large number of the students of Ers- j kine College, Abbeville county, have sent a petition to the Board of Trustees requesting} the removal of Professors Lowry and Young, on the ground that more competent instructors are required in their departments. The trustees are investigating the matter. ? The stockholders . of the Cheraw and 1 Chester Railroad have elected the following officers: Directors?J. J. McClure, 0. Barber, Joseph Wylie and W. H. Hardin for Chester. Dr. J. JR. Foster, J. B. Erwin and 1 B. J. Witherspoon for Lancaster. W. A. Evans, E. N. Redfearn and J. D. Harden for Chesterfield. W.H.Hardin was unanimously re-elected President for the ensuing year. David Hemphill was re elected Secretary and Treasurer. ? It is definitely ascertained that Chief Justice Wjllard claims the office of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of this State by virtue of his election for the full term of six years, -and that the case will be heard before the Supreme Court of this State upon a statement of facts already agreed "upon by Judge Willard and Governor Simpson. In order that the State may have the full benefit of the services of Judge Willard iu the causes which he, in conjunction with the Associate Justices, has heard, Governor Simpson will not qualify as Chief Justice until September. The question is simply a legal one, and Judge - .... . ? ?.. .1 /*?_! WilJard will insist, upon nis rignt to ine omce for the full term of six years. ? The third annual reunion of the survivors of the Sixth Regiment of South Carolina Volunteers, was held atBlackstock on Thursday last. Arrangements had been made and meats provided for a barbecue, but in consequence of the heavy rains on Wednesday and Thursday, this part of the programme was abandoned. As a substitute, tables were erected in a vacant building and an abundance of eatables were supplied to the persons present. The orator selected for the occasion?Rev. W. E. Boggs?was present; but owing to the shortness of the time between the passing of the trains, the delivery of the address was abandoned. The former officers of the Association were re-elected, and the first Thursday of August, 1881, was selected as the time for holding the next aunual meeting, and Chester as the place. ? The leading Radicals of Charleston have commenced ordering meetings to be held at different points in that county for the purpose of organizing for the campaign. A Garfield and Arthur ratification meeting is to be held in Charleston on the 23rd instant. On the 31st iustant, a Convention is to be held in Charleston, for the purpose of selecting delegates to a State Convention, which is to meet in Columbia, on the 2nd of September, to nominate State Officers and Presidential Electors. Ex-Judge Samuel W. Melton and J. C. Winsmith, of 6pftrtanburg, have been spoken of in connection with the Radical nomination for Governor. A newspaper correspondent has interviewed Ex-Judge Melton on the subject, when he authorized the correspondent to say "that he had never entertained any intention of becoming a candidate for Governor upon that or any other ticket, and that he did not know of any intention to nominate State officers upon a Republican ticket." ? A correspondent of the News and Courier writing from Greeuville, in regard to the coming elections in that county, says: "According to the closest possible estimate, there are the following candidates : For the State Senate, 2; representatives, 12 ; judge of probate, 2; clerk of court, 4; county commissioners, 12; sellool commissioner, 4; county auditor, 3; county treasurer, 3; sheriff, 3; and for trial justices quite a number. The offices of county treasurer, county auditor, and trial justices are, of course, filled by executive appointment, but by action of the Democratic County Convention of 1878, and again in 1880, these officers are voted for at our primary election, and the candidates receiving the highest number of votes for either office is the nominee whose name is urged upon the Gov eruor for the office to which he has been nominated. In 1878 these nominations were duly respected by the Governor, who is, of course, doing his duty in carrying out the will of the people by appointing the men so nominated." NORTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? Since 1870 the population of Winston has increased 3,039. ? A firm at Durham gives employment to one hundred boys in the manufacture of cigarettes. ? Hon. A. M. Scales bas been nominated for reelectiou to Congress in the Greensboro. district. / ? Creditors of the Bank of Mecklenbujg are officially notified by T. B. Keogh, Register in Bankruptcy, that a meeting will be lipid in Charlotte on the 25th instant for the purpose of winding up the affairs of the bank. ? The Greensboro Patriot says: "Mr. C. I+* Quate recently found an officer's sworn on the old battle-field at Martinsville, near thiscity, in a good state of preservation. I It is not known whether the sword belongedjto unAmerican or a British officer. ? The Greensboro North State says :| "Thespoke and handle busiuess of this section of the country i?now in a most healthy cbudh" tion. Both the factories in Greensboro are run to their utmost capacity, and their products are mainly shipped to Europe. Car loads repeatedly leave this point, for use eithsr in various sections of our own country or Europe." ? The Wilmington Star says : "Mr. A. G. Hawkins, of this city, has a silver badge which was evidently the property at one time of a soldier in the Mexican war. It bears the representation of a palmetto tree, with the inscription, "To the Palmetto Regiment," and the names of certain battles, such as "Vera Cruz, Contreras, Churubusco, Chapultepec," etc. It also bears the name of "James Goff," on a scroll. The badge, which is a little larger and heavier than the standard silver dollar, was found by a colored man in a load of coal." MERE-MENTION. The elections in Alabama and Kentucky last week went overwhelmingly Democratic. In Alabama the negroes generally voted with the white Democrats. The trial of James T. Dejaruette, for the murder of his sister in Danville, Va., has been postponed until September on account of witnesses from North Carolina being absent. Pietro Balbo an Italian, was hanged in New York last Friday on conviction of having murdered his wife. The story of the arrest of the j Bender family, published on the first page of this issue, is confirmed by later dispatches. Bender and his wife have been separated, and each has made a confession, the one corroba- I rating the statement of the other. There! are two hundred cases of yellow fever in Ha-1 vana at this date. Gen. Win. 0. Butler,1 a hero of the Mexican war, died at his home ' in Carrolton, Kentucky, last Friday, aged 80 years. August has five Sundays, five Mondays and five Tuesdays. Two negroes?discharged section hands?who attempted to wreck a passenger train between Danville and Greensboro, have been arrested, ' and they confess their guilt. Their motive was revenge. The estate of Robert Mor- j ris, the Revolutionary patriot, was settled the other day, after seventy-four years of litigation. The lawyers got millions out of it; the heirs received 811,000. Paper making pays, when well managed. Mr. Bloorafield Moore, engaged in that business, recently died at Philadelphia and left nearly $6,000,000 to his family. New cotton is being sold at' Albany, Geo., quite freely. X.OOAX. AFFAIRS. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. J. J. Smith A Co.?New Goods. Dobson A Parish?Our Groceries. Withers Adickes?Brass Kettles?Plows?TinWare?Flour?Molassas?Brooms. Look Out for J. M. Adams. Dr. John May, Agent?Pure Drugs and Medicines at the Corner Drug Store. John C. Kuykendal?York Drug Store FingerPosts. Kennedy Bros. A Barron?Bargains, Bargains. T. M. Dobson?Bargains, Bargains, at the New York House. Mrs. Fannie L. Dobson?Emporium of Fashion. Dr. J. B. Patrick, Charleston, S. C.?Surgeon Dentist. * J. L. Jones, President?Columbia Female College. A. R. Banks, A. M., Principal?Fort Mill Academy. GREEN POND CAMP MEETING. The annual camp meeting of the colored people at Green Pond, near the line of the railroad between Yorkville and Clover, begins to-morrow. CALL ACCEPTED. We learn that Rev. A. J. McCoy has accepted a call to the pastorate of Catawba Baptist Church, near Rock Hill, which was formerly supplied by the late Rev. J. C. Burge. Elder McCoy will minister to the Catawba congregation two Sundays each month. SKETCH OF KING'S MOUNTAIN. We have just issued, in pamphlet form, a sketch of the Battle of King's Mountain, by Rev. Robert Lathan, and will fill orders for the same at the following rates: Single copy, 15 cents; per dozen, $1.50; per hundred, 9.00. Orders by mail will be promptly filled at the above prices. COLUMBIA FEMALE COLLEGE. The advertisement of next session of the above institution, appears in another column. Many new features not employed in other female schools have been adopted with the most satisfactory results at this college, placing it among the foremost institutions in the land. OUR CLUBBING RATES. To clubs of two or more names, entered on our books and paid for at the same time, the Enquirer will be furnished one year for $2 to each subscriber. Single subscriptions, $2.50 per annum in advance. All persons who subscribe for one year, between this date and the first of October next, will be entitled to a chance in our prize drawing. FORT MILL.ACADEMY. We would direct attention to the advertisement of Fort Mill Academy, of which A. R. Banks, A. M., is Principal, and T. H. DeGraffenreid, B. S., is Associate Principal. The school is in a flourishing condition, the average attendance last year having been 80 pupils, which speaks well for the success of the institution. DAMAGE BY THE RAIN. We learn that by the recent rains, Catawba river nas oeen very mucn swollen, as aiso otner I streams in the eastern part of the county. Capt. S. E. White's mill dam, on Steel creek, was washed away, and nearly all the corn on the bottom lands of it, and also Sugar creek, is ruined, several of the fields on these creeks having been overflowed and the com submerged for three days. Gen. JOHN B. EKWIN. This gentleman, a native of York, but for some years past a citizen of Lancaster county, is now here on a visit. We leam that the name of Gen. Erwin will go before the Congressional Convention as a candidate for Congress from this district. He has many warm friends in York and Lancaster, as well as other i>ortions of the district, and enters the race for the nomination with no mean chances for success. POPULATIO'N OK YORK. The following is the population of York county, by townships, according to the books of the enumerators deposited in the office of the Clerk of the Court: Bethel, 2,519 ^ ? o no.4 cemesuH, ?,wi Broad River, 2,247 Bullock's Creek, 3,228 Catawba, 4,380 Cherokee, 2,442 Ebenezer, 1,695 Fort Mill 2,868 King's Mountain, 2,099 York 4,249 Total,. 30,011 According to the census of 1870, our populatipifwas 24,286, over which figures, during the uhst decade, we haYe increased 6,353. THE ELECTION LAST SATURDAY. \ The following are the official returns of the ' election held last Saturday on the question of the Primary or the Convention plan of making county nominations: Primary. Convention. Bethel 17 44 Blairsville, 53 16 Black's Station, 100 18 Bethany, 42 4 Clover, 42 20 Clay Hill, 19 18 "Coates'Tavern, 25 13 Ebenezer, 25 33 -?" Fort Mill 91 43 Hickory Grove, 55 21 McConnellsville, 22 23 McElwee's Mill 4 2 Rock Hill 123 44 Yorkville,- 219 27 837 326 / 326 Majority for primary, 511 CHURCHES NEXT SUNDAY. Services will be held in the churches next Sunday as follows: Methodist Episcopal?Rev. Thos. Gilbert, Pastor. Services at Philadelphia in the forenoon, and at Yorkville in the evening. Episcopal?Church of the Good Shepherd? Rev. R. P. Johnson, Rector. The Rector will officiate in the Church of Our Saviour at Rock Hill next Sunday. Services in the Church at Yorkville every Wednesday evening until further notice. Presbyterian?Rev. T. R. English, Pastor. Services at the usual hours, morning and evening. Associate Reformed Presbyterian?Rev. R. Lathan, Pastor. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper will be administered at this church next Sunday, services commencing at 10 A. M., Saturday. The pastor will be assisted by Rev. W. M. Grier. D. D., who will preach Saturday and Sunday. CHESTER COUNTY FAIR. We are indebted to the courtesy of Maj. Julius Mills, Secretary of the Chester Agricultural Association, for a copy of the premium list of the second annual fair to be held by the Association, in Chester, beginning on the 19th of October and continuing four days. The following is the programme: Monday, October 18. Entries assigned to positions. Tuesday. Exhibition in the arena of cattle and horses. From 3 to 5 P. M., horseback riding and driving by ladies and gentlemen. Wednesday. Examination by the committee of all cattle. In the afternoon military " displays and musical entertainments. During the day the young men will vote for the most 1 beautiful lady. Thursday. Display of horses and contests in riding. Friday. Auction sales. A fox chase, in which hounds on exhibition will run. Award- 1 ing of premiums. A full list of premiums is offered in all the departments. ACCIDENTAL DROWNING. Last Sunday afternoon two colored lads, Robert Wright and Edward Jones, aged about j ten and eight years respectively, went to a!, brook just west of town for the purpose of , bathing. The spot to which they went has! ( been during the summer a place of general , resort by the boys for bathing, being a "washout" on the edee of an old field by which the j stream runs. Usually it is not deep, but the 11 recent rains had washed it out until water , was in it to the depth of 5 or 6 feet, though ', judging by the surface of the water with the banks, it did not appear to be more than the J i ordinary depth of three or four feet. The I boys were evidently unprepared for this depth, 11 as the supposition is that they waded in from 1 I a shallow point, and before they could be aware i of their danger were completely submerged, and being unable to swim, died under the water from strangulation. They were accidentally discovered by some boys about half an hour after they were seen to pass a house near the pool, but the means of resuscitation adopted after taking them from the water were unavailing. A coroner's inquest, conducted by Trial Justice Lewis, resulted in a verdict that they came to their death by accidental drowning. PERSONAL 'MENTION. Mr. James Jefferys celebrated his eightieth u:?4-u a*** uutii-uajr ioau riiurt). Mr. Frank Gilbert has returned from Sumter. Miss Mary Mobley, of Lancaster, is visiting Miss Minnie Lowry. Misses Kate Johnson and Mary Currell are visiting at Rock Hill. Miss Mary Witherspoon, of Sumter, is visiting Miss Lessie Witherspoon. Mr. Joseph Herndon, returned yesterday morning from a trip to Virginia. Miss Minnie Rawlinson has returned from Cleveland Mineral Springs. Miss JJzzie Hope is visiting friends in Chester county. Miss Maggie Jefferys is visiting relatives at Henderson, N. C. On Sunday hist the Methodist pulpit was occupied by Rev. J. Walter Dixon, and the Presbyterian by Rev. Thomas M. Lowry. Miss Nannie Glenn, Miss Cora Kuykendal and Miss Willie Cross, are visiting friends in the country. Miss Jessie 0'Byrne, recently employed in the millinery establishment of Mrs. Dobson, has returned to Baltimore, where she has accepted a similar position. Dr. J. Harvey Witherspoon and family .are here 011 a visit. The Doctor has bought prop erty near town, ttr wnicn lie will move 111 , the course of a few months. LECTURE ON EDUCATION. On Monday evening last, Hon. J. L. Jones, President of the Columbia Female College, delivered an address to a very respectable audience in the Methodist church, on the subject of education. While Mr. Jones is canvassing the State in the interest of the school of which he is the head, he announced in the outset that his address would be in the interest of education generally, and that he hoped what he had to say would be of advantage to every deserving institution of learning in the land. He commenced with the proposition that character, education and mind constitute the great capital of any country, contrasting our own with heathen lands, and illustrating the triumphs of light, Christianity and intelligence over darkness, paganism and ignorance. As to the methods of imparting instruction, he compared the present with the system of only a few years ago, which latter method of teaching, he argued, was only a smattering of different subjects and branches, but imperfectly taught and equally imperfectly learned. He contended tnat in educating tne mmu, equal attention should be given to developing the body, inculcating morality and teaching correct habits, not only in business affairs, but in the most trivial affairs of every day life, and especially in deportment. These divisions of his subject were treated at length and in masterly style. In the education of the mind he advocated the eclectic system?a course of instruction suited to the business to be followed. He, however, advocated the study of languages, because it is impossible to fully understand the grammar of our own without a knowledge of the grammar of others. He also urged the importance of teaching originality. Where the teacher asks one question from the book, he should ask a dozen of a practical character, bearing upon the same subject, from his own mind. He said there is too much fiction not only in our schools, but in politics, merchandising and all the other ramifications of society. As to the cultivation of the body, he said it is as impossible to have a properly developed body without cultivation, as to expect a crop of cotton without tilling the ground on which it is planted. Motion is the law of health; rest is the condition of death, and this apothegm applies equally to mind, body and soul. In this connection he advocated calisthenics as now taught in most of the principal schools. His remarks were directed mainly to female education, and he took the high ground that in common justice woman should have an equal opportunity with man for obtaining an education fitting her to take her place in the battle of life. The times demand that she must come to the front and take her place as the equal of the opposite sex. lie impressed upon his^hearers the importance of young women properly learning the details of house-keeping and Mastering domestic economy according to the spirit and advancement of the times ; and while lie advocated industry and economy, he did not) mean that they should take the place of our grandmothers and spin the thread and weave the cloth for a dress pattern, when, in this diy and time, the material could be obtained at less trouble and expense. By actual calculation, he had found that to spin enough thr/qd for a dress pattern, a woman would wjflk sixty miles. In this there is now no economy. It is like a wagon attempting to compete with a railroad. In discussing the moral feature of his subject, he said there is too much moral infidelity taught in the present day. To the neglect of the Bible, the works of Darwin, Huxley, etc., are read, by which means the young are too often imbued with infidel ideas. Stigmatizing the Darwinian school of philosophers, he said if we repudiate science, we must repudiate the Bible, and if we condemn the Bible because we cannot understand all of it, we must also condemn science. The address, of which we have given only the merest outline, occupied over two hours, and was listened to with deep interest. ' HANCOCK'S LETTER TO SHERMAN. The letter about which so much has been said, written by Gen. Hancock to Gen. Sherman, in December, 1876, is now given to the public. Sherman wrote Hancock on the 5th, and again on the 17th of December, 1876, asking his views on the political complications, and Hancock replied in a frank, outspoken manner as an honorable and faithful officer would write to a superior with whom he ia on confidential terms. The main por tion of his letter is devoted to a discussion of the Presidential com plications of 1876, and he takes the ground that in that question there should be no military interference. After making the point that the military should be subordinate to civil authority, which subject he treats at considerable length, he proceeds to the condition of affairs at that time existing in South Carolina, and says: I was not in favor of the military action in South Carolina recently, and if General Ruger had telegraphed to me or asked for , advice, I would have advised him not, under ; the circumstances, to allow himself or his troops to determine who were the lawful members of a State Legislature. 1 could not have given him better advice than to refer < him to the special message of the President in the case of Louisiana, some time before.: < But in South Carolina he had the question : settled by a decision of the Supreme Court of! the State, the highest tribunal wbich had i acted on the question, so that his line of duty i seemed even to be clearer than in the action i in the Louisiana case. If a Federal court11 had interfered and overruled the decision of i the State Court there must have been a doubt i certainly, but the Federal Court only interfer-1' cd to complicate, not to decide or over rule, i Any how, it is no business of the army to en- i ter upon such questions, and even if it might. 1 be so, in any event, if the civil authority is | supreme, as the Constitution declares it to be,1 i the South Carolina caso was one in which the 11 srmy had a plain duty. Had Gen. Ruger i asked me for advice, and I had given it, I should of course have notified you of my action immediately, so that it could have been promptly over ruled if it should have been deemed advisable by you or others superior in authority. Gen. Ruger had not asked my advice, and I inferred from that and other facts that he did not desire it, or that being in direct communication with ray military superiors at the seat of governraeut who were nearer to hira in time and distance than I was, be deemed it unnecessary. As Gen. Ruger i had the responsibility of action, and had really the greater dauger to confront in the final action in the matter, I did not venture ; to embarrass him by suggestions. He was a department commander, and the lawful head of the military administration within the limits of the department. But besides I knew tbat he had been callel to Washington lor , consultation before taking command, and was probably aware of the views of the administration as to affairs in his command. 1 kuew that he was in direct communication with my superiors in authority in reference to the deli cate subjects presented for his consideration, or had ideas of his own which he believed to be sufficiently in accord with the views of our common superiors to enable him to act intelligently, according to his judgment, and without suggestions from those not on the spot, and not as fully acquainted with the facts as he himself. He desired, too, to be free to act, as he had the eventual greater responsibility. And so the matter was governed as between him and myself. As I have been writing thus freely to you, I may still further unbosom myself by stating that I had not held it lawful or wise to use Federal troops in such matters as have transpired east of the Mississippi within the last few months, save so far as they may be brought into action under the article of the Constitution which contemplates meeting :mcd resistance or invasion of a State more than the State authorities can subdue by ordinary processes, and then only when requested by the Legislature, or if it could not be convened in session by the Governor. And wheu the President of the United States intervenes in that manner it is state of war, not peace. The array is laboring under disadvantages, and has been used unlawfully at times in the judgment of the people (certainly in mine) and we have have lost a great deal of the kindly feeling which the community at large, felt for us. "It is time to stop and unload." Officers in command of troops often find it difficult to act wisely and safely when superiors in authority have different views of law from theirs, and when legislation has sanctioned action seemingly in conflict with the fundamental law, una they generally defer to the known judgment of their superior officers. They are so regarded in such great' crises, and are held to such responsibility, especially those at or near the head of it, that it is necessary on such momentous occasions, to dare to determine for themselves what is lawful and what is not lawful, under our system, if the military authorities should be invoked, as might possibly be the case in such excep tional times. Where there has existed such divergent views to a correct remit, the army will suffer from its past action, if it has acted wrongfully. Our regular array has little hold upon the affections of the people of today, and its superior officers shoold certainly, as far as lies in their power, legally and with righteous intent, aim to defend the right, which to us is law and the institutions which they represent. It is a well meaning institution, and it would be well if it should have an opportunity to be recognized as a bulwark in support of the rights of the people and of the law. I am, truly yours, w wtt-vr t-*t tv Q XI a vnantr iv innciiji/ Ui jiiAiibuvya. EDITORIAL INKLINGS. Important Railroad Decision. The opinion of Chief Justice Waite and Judge Bond, in the cause of Claflin and others against the South Carolina Railroad Company, was filed in theU. S. Circuit Court at Charleston last Thursday. The opinion holds that all hypothecated bonds are good, that non-mortgage bonds are not entitled to the benefit of the lien of second mortgage and are an unsecured claim against the company. That the first mortgage coupons held by the syndicate were purchased by them, not redeemed, and are entitled to the benefits of mortgage. The injunction previously granted shall continue in force until further testimony as to the amounts of several liens on the roads can be taken. In conclusion, the opinion says that the complainants are entitled to the sale of mortgaged property subject to ascertained prior encumbrances, but until such decree is prepared, the injunctions heretofore issued shall remain in force. The opinion, therefore, sustains the defendants in the cause upon the points named, excepting as to granting a sale and status of non-mortgage bonds as unsecured debts, on which two points views of plaintiffs prevail. State Normal Institute. . The State Normal Institute opened at Spartanburg on the 3rd instant, with an attendance of one hundred and twenty-two teachers. By a letter from a young lady of this place attending the school, we learn the following facts regarding the manner in which it will be conducted: The teachers in attendance are divided into three classes taught by Professors Louis Soldan, of St. Louis, Mo., H. P. Archer, Charleston ; and E. W. Riemann, Lexington. The studies last week were Grammar, Reading, and Map drawing. Provisions have been made for teaching music and mathematics, and for lectures on Natural Science. Teachers are all well pleased with the Professors. Prof. Soldan has won the esteem and confidence of the teachers. Every one is well pleased with Superintendent Thompson's choice of a leader. Public lectures are to be delivered by Hon. G. J. Orr, of Georgia; Hon. K. P. Battle, of North Carolina; Prof. E. S. Joynes, of Tennessee; and Drs. Riley, Grier, aud Carlisle, of Adger, Erskine, and Wofford Colleges. No work is required out of recitation rooms, in which sessions are held from 91 to 121 o'clock daily. Condition of Crops in the State. The following account of the condition of crops in South Carolina for the month of July, has been summarized from reports received by Hon. A. P. Butler, State Com missioner of Agriculture: The season in most of the counties was favorable to late planted corn. In consequence of the drought the early planted corn was injured in some counties, and the average in a number of the middle and Southern counties was not so good as in June, while in the northern part of the State the yield will be better. The highest estimate in the yield was rated in Clarendon county at 75 per cent., and the lowest in Fairfield couuty which only reached 35 per cent. With favorable seasons the entire corn crop of the State is rated at 75 per centum, or an apportionment throughout the different portions of the State as follows : The northern counties 81 per centum, the middle at 70 per ceufum, and southern at 74 per centum. In reference to the cotton crop for the same month, the reports are more favorable and partial. Rust had made its appearance in some localities, but no material injury had j been sustained at the time this report was made to the department. The plant was represented as strong, healthy, and well fruited. The promise at this time was favorable to a full crop. In a short time the damage sustained by the rust and the caterpillar can be ascertained. An average crop of tobacco has been grown in the northern and southern portions of the State, and in the middle portion of the State it is somewhat better. An average crop of rice is reported from the sectiou of country contiguous to the Corabahee and Ashepoo rivers. In the geographical sub divisions of the State the crops are as follows: The northern portion of the State 75 per cent.; middle, 88; aud southern 82. In some parts of the State the pea crop has been retarded in growth b^ the drought. It is as yet too early in the season to make an approximate estimate of this crop. The reports concerning the sorghum crops are not so favorable as they were in the preceding month. The frnit crops all over the State are in better condition than they have been for years. In every variety and species there has been a remnrkable improvement iu both quality and quantity; | Dr. Tanner's Remarkable Fast. The remarkable fast of Dr. Tanner, in New York city, euded at 1 iP. M., last Saturday, at which hour terminated the fortieth day since he undertook what was regarded by many as a hazardous experiment. The closing hours of his fast are thus reported by the telegraph: A o a/mn nci lit a Ii >ma **?%<? > m tL m J ..1. > i\o okjkju m uic iline vrna u|j uic uruwu cneered Tanner enthusiastically. About l,00l) persons were in the hall and an immense crowd on the sidewalk. He at once drank a glass of milk and called for the watermelon which had just been received from an enthusiastic admirer of the Doctor in Georgia. This he tapped, put his hand into it and eat freely. Upon being remonstrated vrith, he asked to be left'alone saying, "No my lord, I am running this now.? When he placed the glass of milk to his mouth he remarked, "Gentlemen, yon don't ' believe that's good." The signal for the expiration of the fast was a whistle from the factory in the vicinity. When it blew, Tanner had a peach in his hand, but before he could put it into his mouth somebody snatched it away from him. In response to the plaudits of the .assemblage, (he was sitting upon a chair placed on a table,) he raised his handkerchief over his head. At a quarter past twelve, Tanner got down from the table and left the hall in a coach in charge of Dr. Gunn, who took him to his own residence, where he will undergo careful medical treatment During the morning about 2,000 persons visited the hall. Just before noon his temperature was found to be 99, pulse 92, and respiration 17. Tanner's weight at the end of his fast was 1211 pounds, showing a loss of 36 pounds during forty days. On leaving the hall, Dr. Tanner walked, unassisted, down stairs with a slice of melon in his hand. He received an ovation from the crowd in the street, shops and windows, and exhibited much gratification at his hearty reception. He ordered the cover of the carriage thrown back and joked and talked with the crowd that surrounded the vehicle. After two or three dozen persons had grasped his hand, two accompanying physicians had to grasp hitn by the arm and hold him in his seat to prevent him from tiring himself out, as they feared a complete reaction from his exertion. Ou reaching the residence of Dr. Gunn, Dr. Tanner at once lay down in the front parlor and endeavored to sleep. The milk and watermelon had not disagreed with him. Dr. Gunn himself is reported ill with over-exertion. At 2:30 he was resting quietly in good condition. He had eaten of watermelon in small quantities three or four times without deleterious effects. At 3:30 Dr. Tanner drank one ounce of light Hungarian wine, after which he ate a small slice of watermelon. At 4:30 he was eating with great relish a piece of beef steak. He did not swallow the fibre, but only the juice of the meat. He saw no visitors during the afternoon aud it was reported that he was in excellent spirits. A Somnambulistic Harder. J The following singular case, probably without a parallel, comes from Tyro, a little village in Davidson county, N. C.: At the above name village, Uriah Phelps has a store. A few nights ago he had a difficulty with some negroes whom he and his brother attempted to eject from his house. A nfiAinafinr* ftmtk ow ffnn Klo tvtili ftioro ' a aUklVIIMIllUg 1UIU1CI MVUUIO null IrU^IMy llVi secured the services of 0. W. Click, a young man who lives io the neighborhood, and who is in the habit of walking in his sleep. They lay in the store and watched for half the night, and finally fell asleep, having stretch* ed themselves across the bed. It appears from subsequent developments that Click, the somnambulist, got up, and, seizing an axe that had been placed near the bed to be used in case of emergency, dealt his bed-fellow t\yo blows across the ueck, nearly severing his bead from the body. i TKe case created considerable excitement in the community, and over a hundred people assembled at the coroner's inqueaf. and preliminary trial. The body of Mr. Phelps was found lying nearly across the, foot of the bed, on the right side, bis head on his right arm, with three cuts with an axe, two of . * which, if not the third, were sufficient to cause instant death?one high enough on the head to reach the brain. The story of Mr. Click was that he dreamed the negroes had entered the store as anticipated by himself and Mr. Phelps. There followed, according to his recollection, a bloody and terrible fight When he awoke, he was fleeing down the stairs, and gradually recovering consciousness, he returned to the. room where he and Phelps had been sleeping, and realized at a glance the full hor- / ror of his deed. He at once fled screaming to / the house of Mr. Grub, near by, and was met by that gentleman, who had been aroused by his cries. Mr. Grub said his lamentations were heart-rending and that he told him at once that be had killed his best friend in his sleep. The alarm soon became general and the neighbors collected from all quarters. They /all testified that Click exhibited in a most .violent manner his regret, and finally became so exhausted that he had to be carried home. * In the preliminary trial it was proven by both State and defendant's witnesses .that Click was a somnambulist and had frequently injured his own person by jumping from the house window?sometimes through the glass from the second story, cutting himself considerably. He has also been known to pet ud and choke some of the family, saving that the bears in Texas were after him ; and then rue a quarter or a half mile down near the river, and wake to find himself alone. When be went visiting he requested his neighbors to tie him, which they did. Last week he < went to sleep in the room where his dead uncle lay a corpse He suddenly arose with terrible expressions of fear and started to seize his dead uncle. His sister and a gentleman caught him, got him awake and he went back to bed. Many other instances were given. Mr. Clement, in behalf of the defeudaut, addressed the cou't in an impressive manner, setting forth the law in such cases and showing conclusively that a somnambulist was not account .ble for bis acts while unconscious. He was followed by Mr. H. Pinnix in a short and pointed speech. The court being satisfied from the evidence that the prisoner was not accountable for bis actions while asleep, pronounced the evidence insufficient; whereupon Mr. Click returned to his home. Reply of Col. Cash to Gen. Butler. Under date of the 18th of July, Col. Cash addressed the following open letter to Senator Butler at Edgefield C. H. The letter at first appeared in the Washington Republican, and is in answer to Senator Butler's letter which was published in the Enquirer several weeks ago: General : I hnve seen your letter of the 13th published in the New and Courier, and I believe every friend you have must blush for thame at your conduct. It is the first time in the history of the State (and probably the first in any civilized land), that one occupying the exalted position in which the people of South Carolina have (unfortunately) placed you, has disgraced and degraded