Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ilumMOttS feparttMHt. THE ARKANSAS TRAVELER. Of all who have ever heard of the "Arkansas Traveler," we think there are few that have heard the story itself. The following is given as a correct version : The scene is laid in Arkansas, away out in the wilderness, forty years ago, when settlers in that region were few and far between. The reader must imagine a cabin in the wilderness ; in the doorway sits the wife smoking her pipe, surrounded by children of various sizes; a little to the left, a boy was seen perched upon an ash-hopper, while the squatter sits upon a barrel, fiddle in hand, playing the "tune," half of which he never heard. As the * * . 1 /? 1 traveler approaches, he pauses not in nis nadling, except to answer the questions propounded, between each of which he resumes his music. Traveler?Hello, stranger. Squatter?Hello, yourself. T.?Can I get to stay all night with you? S.?No, sir; you can git to? T.?Have you any spirits here? S.?Lots of 'em; Sal saw one last night, by that are ole hollow gum, and it nearly scared her to death. T.?You mistake my meaning ; have you any liquor? S.?Had some yesterday, but Ole Boss he got in and lapped it all outen the pot. T.?You don't understand. I dou't mean pot liquor. I am wet and cold, and want some whisky. Have you got any ? S.?Oh, yes. I drank the last this mornin'. T?I'm hungry, haven't had any thing since morning. Can't you give me something to eat ? S.?Hain't a durned thing in the house. Not a mouthful of meat nor a dust of meal here. T.?Well, can't you give my horse something? S.?Got nothing to feed him on. T.?How far is it to the next house? S.?Stranger, I don't know ; I have never biu thar. T.?Well, do you know who lives here? S.?I do. T.?As I am so bold, then, what might your name be ? S.?It might be Dick and it might be Sam, but it lacks a right smart of it. T.?Sir, will you tell me where this road goes to ? S.?It's never bin anywhar since I've lived here; it's always thar when I get up in the mornin*. T.?Well, how far is it to where it forks? S.?It don't fork at all, but splits up like the d?1. T.?As I'm not likely to get to any other house to-night, can't you let me sleep in yours ? And I'll tie my horse to a tree and do without anything to eat or drink. S.?My house leaks ; thar's only one dry spot in it, and me and Sal sleeps on it; and that thar tree is the old woman's persimmon. You can't tie to it, 'case she don't wan't 'em shuck off; she loves to make beer outen 'era. T.?Why don't you finish covering your house and stop the leaks? S.?It's been rainin' all day. T.? Well, why don't you do it in dry weather ? S.?It don't leak then. T?As there seems to be nothing alive about your place but children, how do you do aDyhow ? S.?Purty well, I thank you. How do you do yourself? T.?I mean, what do you do for a living here ? S.?Keep tavern and sell whisky. T.?Well, I told you I wanted some whiaky. S.?Stranger, I bought a barrel mor'n a week ago. You see, me and Sal went shares. Arter we got it here, we only had a hit between us, and Sal she didn't want to use hern first, nor me mine. You see, I had a spiggen in one end and she in t'other. So she takes a drink on my end and pays me the bit for it; then I'd take one outen her'n and give her the bit. Well, we's gitting 'long firRt-rate till Dick, durued skulking skunk, he bored a hole io the bottom to suck at, and the next time I went to buy a drink, there wurn't none thar. T.?I'm sorry your whisky's all gone; but, my friend why don't you play the balance of that tune? S.?It's got no balance to it. T.?I mean, you don't play the whole of it. S.?Stranger, kin you play the fiddle ? T.?Yes, a little, sometimes. S.?You don't look like a fiddler, but ef you think you kin play any more on to that thar tune, you kin just git down and try. (The traveler gets down and plays the whole of it.) S.?Stranger, take a half dozen cheers and sot down. Sal, stir yourself round like a sixhorse team in a mudhole. Go round in the hollar whar I killed that buck this mornin', cut off some of the best pieces, and fotch 'em in and cook it for me and this gentleman, directly. Raise up the board from under the head of the bed, and git the old black jug I hid from Dick, and give us some whisky ; I know thar's some left yet. Till, drive ole Boss outen the breadtray, then climb up in the loft and get the rag that's got the sugar tied in it. Dick, carry his horse to the shed, and give him some fodder and corn, much as he kin eat. Till.?Dad there ain't enough knives to sot the table. S.?War's big butch, little butch, ole case, cob handle, granny'B knife, and the one I handled yesterday? That's enough to sot any gentleman's meal. Stranger, you kin stay as long as you please, and I'll give you plenty to eat and drink. Will you have coffee for supper ? T.?Yes, sir. ~ T"> ? * <* J- *1 L fc.?I'll De nangeu n, you uo, uiuugu. ?? e don't have nothin' that way here but Grub Hyson, and I reckon it's mighty good with 8weatnin\ Play away, stranger. You kin sleep on the dry spot to-night. T. (After two hours' fiddling)?My friend, can't you tell about the road I am to travel to-morrow ? S.?To-morrow 1 Stranger, you won't git outen these diggin's for six weeks, but when it gets so you kin start, you see that big sloo thar ? Well, you have to git croet that, then you take the road up the bank, and in about a mile you'll come to a two-acre-and-a-half corn patch. The corn's mightly in the weeds, but you needn't mind that, jist ride on. About a mile and a half or two miles from thar, you'll come to the d?dest swamp you ever struck in all your travels; it's boggy enough to mire a saddle blanket. Thar's a future road about six feet under thar. T.?How am I to get at it ?" S.?You can't git at it nary time, till the weather stiffens down some. Well, about a mile beyaDt, you cum to a place whar thar's two roads. You kin take the right hand ef you want to, but you'll find its run out; you'll then have to cum back and try the left, and when you git two miles on that road you may know you are wrong, fur thar ain't any road thar. You'll then think you're mighty lucky ef you kin find the way back to my house, whar you kin cum and play on that tune as long as you please. They had been engaged for a long time, and one evening, not long since, they were reading the paper together. "Look, love," he exclaimed, "only $20 for a suit of clothes." "Is it a wedding suit?" she asked, looking naively at her lover. "Oh ! no," he answered, "it's a business suit." "Well, I mean business;" she replied. Snipkins refused to get his wife a new hat, and soon after his little daughter came in and said, "Mamma, won't you buy me a monkey to play with when you go down town ?" "No, darling, wait till you are older, and then marry one, as I did," replied the grief-sticken wife, her tears bursting forth afresh. $he <fatra and fireside. RURAL ECONOMY. Editor Southern Cultivator.?There are | more ways for farmers to economize than by eating corn bread and wearing homespun i clothing. In this country, labor is the dearest factor in farming. Therefore, horse-pow' er should be used as much as practicable, i Land being cheaper in many localities than anything else, that system of farming should be followed that utilizes the most land, aud least labor, implements, &c. Fenciug in crops is often practiced, where fencing stock would ' be cheaper. Poor crops are very nearly as | expensive to make as good ones. Therefore, as a general thing, it pays to make as large crops as drainage, manure, improved implements, good work stock, good seed, and thorough cultivation will produce. It does not pay to let your soil deteriorate and finally become exhausted. It requires more labor to make a crop on a thin soil than on a rich one. The loss in produce, while yoursoil is becoming exhausted, is enough to buy three such farms. Renters are no exceptions to this rule, if they rent for long enough periods. A great portion is applicable to short periods; all of it when the farm is in a high state of cultivation. It never pays to pasture any cultivated crop. The objections are, cost of cross fences, waste of produce, loss or idleness of the soil, and damage to the soil, by tramping of stock. Land can be too dear to even have pastures of the grasses; practice soiling instead, with other products. Pasture grasses that do not manure, waste and decay like cultivated crops that are not gathered at the proper time. Far therm ore, the soil becomes compact and does not tramp so badly. It pays well to protect stock from inclement weather. The food saved in a few years would put up commodious buildings. It also pays well to keep stock in good flesh. They pay for food by growth. The saving of food by inferior and scant feed is overbalanced by loss of growth, stuuted stock, and increase of feed requisite to restore flesh or to fatten. As Josh Billings says, "when u start down hill u find every thiug greased for the occashun." But going up hill, you have to furnish the "ile" yourself. It pays well to have good stock when you have food to correspond. It takes less food for a given amount of growth. More flesh in proportion to the less valuable horns, bones and entrails. In the matter of food for man and beast, there is much room for reform. The cost of food for man comes in the following ratio: fruit, vegetables, bread and meat. For stock, pasture, hay, oats, peas and corn. They should be used in proportion to requirements of flesh, muscle, heart and fat. For stock, they are adapted in the ratio indicated. Perhaps, it is very|nearly true of human beings. Sell for cash. Buy the same way. Do not rush into market. Nor hold too long. There is a medium between. Be satisfied with fair sales. If you raise produce for which there is a market at home?do not dribble it out. But sell in bulk to your merchants, for cash. Do not be too parsimonious when you get behind in cultivating or gathering your crop, to pay good prices for day labor. It pays well to get help then at any price. But do not overcrop and depend on day labor. 0. Jones. Farmers' Boys.?For farmers, the country wants the most energetic, thoroughgoing and wide awake boys that cau be found. Hence, if a boy is blessed with that crowning concomitant which moves the world?brains? let him become a farmer. Brains constitute the great desideratum in agricultural science at the present day. Fifty years ago, muscle was the essential requisite. Fifty years ago, a farmer was expected to perform every manual labor of the farm by the exercise of muscular force, while at the present day, he needs brainB more than muscle, to enable him to manage lahor-saving tools and implement* with skill and efficiency. When the labors of the farm were nearly all performed by the laborious and fatiguing application of human force, farmiug was irksome and drudgery. But now, when teams and steam power respond to the bidding of the tiller of the soil, agriculture is the most agreeable pursuit one can desire. True, at some seasons of the year, farmers are required to labor early and for several days. Then, again, perhaps for weeks, they will have easy times.?Dirigo Rural. Care of Hogs.?The internal vital organs of the hog are very much like those of man. Hogs are subject to many diseases that men are subject to. A severe cold frequently produces pneumonia in man, and in hogs it produces the same disease. Teus of thousands of hogs die yearly by this disease. The preventive is, good feed, good shelter, warm and 1 " TPI ? I ?| J J | dry Deaaing. j.i nogs my uui uu mctum, **Ct j ground, if they and their bedding are exposed j to rain and sleet and snow, is it any wonder that they takecold, get the pueumonia and die? Men subjected to the same treatment would die. The hog has not fur, or wool, or hair, or if called hair, a very coarse article it is to shield it from cold and stormt.-. Hence, good shelter, dry beds and kind treatment,are very essential to keep hogs thriving aud healthy.? Coleman'8 Rural World. A Useful Table.?To aid farmers in arriving at accuracy in ascertaining the amount of land in different fields under cultivation, the following table is given by an agricultural paper: 5 yards wide by 968 yards long contains one acre. 20yard8 wide by 242 yards long contains one acre. 40 yards wide by 121 yards long contains J one acre. 160 yards wide by 301 yards long contains one acre. 220 yards wide by 198 feet long coutaius one acre. 110 feet wide by 396 feet long contains one acre. j 60 feet wide by 726 feet long contains one acre. Warts.?If they give you no special inconvenience, let them alone. But if it is of essential importance to get rid of them, purchase half an ounce muriatic acid, put it in a broad bottom vial, so that it will not easily turn over, take a stick as large as the end of a knittingi needle, dip it into the acid, and touch the top | of the wart with whatever of the acid adheres i to the stick ; then, with the end of the stick, rub the acid into the top of the wart, without allowing the acid to touch the well skin. Do | this night and morning; a safe, painless, and effectual cure is the result. Barn-yard manure must remain, for i many years at least, the backbone of profita; ble farming; hence it should be guarded with snecial care. Manures should invariably be . -under cover, and in the absence of proper ; shelter, they should be protected by a thick 1 coat of dry earth, road scrapings, or sods and mold. Do not permit your most valuable aid to increased profits to blow off with every i wind, or wash away with every rain.? GeorI gia Granger. An Invaluable Remedy fok Rheuma1 tism.?Take a pint of spirits of turpeutine, to which add half an ounce of camphor. Let it stand until the camphor is dissolved ; then l rub it on the part affected, and it will never fail of removiug the complaint. Flannel ' should be applied after the part is well-foi mented with turpentine. Repeat the application morning and evening. It is said to be equally available for burns, scalds, bruises, i and sprains, never failing of success. #6?" One of the first things to be taught a boy upon the farm is the use of tools. He should be a good carpenter and blacksmith, ' in fact able to make and mend almost any implement upon the farm. A few tools are always necessary, and the proper use of them can soon be acauired, so that the farmer can shoe his own horses, make his sleds, build his barns, and thus turn every day into ac< count. fUading tor the aMratlt. CONDUCTED BY REV. ROBERT LATHAN."" [Original.] IS THERE A HELL? j Recently, a certain class of preachers have i ! been promulgating the old and exploded er- I 1 ror, that there is no such thing as endless puu- I ishment. This is no new theory. It is as old as Origen, who flourished in the third cen- ' tury. That man who preaches that there is 1 no hell, may startle some persons ; but he will j not be entitled to any praise, as the origina- ( tor of a new doctrine. Others have gone be- i fore him and blazed the way. Men of bril- < j liant, but erratic, minds have said everything !1 ! on the subject that can be said, and still no 1 ! one, except a few, in every age, have been in- j dueed to adopt their theories. The mass of | the most enlightened of the human family, ] I have been firmly persuaded, in their minds, I : that there is a hell?a place of endless tor- t | raent. It admits of doubt whether there is a single human being on this globe, who is not 1 an idiot or uncivilized savage, that thinks there is nosuch thing as endlesB punishment. There | are thousands, who, no doubt, say there is no ( hell, and who would be willing to preach a < sermon to prove that the idea of a hell is ab- ' : surd ; but some men have the ability to say | one thing, whilst, at heart, they think very J differently. There is a class of philosophers in the j j world, who ar9 bold enough to say, and reck- ' less enough to undertake to prove, that there ( is no such thing as matter. What sensible people call a gate post, these philosophers call ( a creation of the imagination. It is certain- t ! ly very difficult to believe that any sane man , j really believes that there is no such tiling as I j matter in the world. If any one deliberate- j | ly make9 the declaration that the walls of his 1 j own house are only the creatures of hisimag- ( ! ination, we are forced to conclude that the . j man is either iu3ane or a consummate cheat. f ; He falsifies his own convictions. He says he ' does not see what he does see, and knows he i | sees; he says he does not hear what he does ' 1 hear, and knows he hears. In one word, he j j says that his five senses are five notorious j I liars. The same is true respecting the man who says there is no hell. We are unable to i | understand how he can think that such is the I | case, and hence we are forced to conclude that : he says one thing and thinks another. ' The doctrine of future reward and punish- 1 ment are closely connected. It may be said ( that they form two perpendiculars to the | same plane. If the one is true, so is the oth- * er; if there is no hell, there is no heaven, i They are closely connected with the doctrine 1 of the immortality of the soul. It is readily J admitted that for the clear notions which we ( have of the immortality of the soul, and the , future and endless blessedness of the right- i eous, and future and endless misery of the j wicked, we are indebted to the Bible. What I of this? We are indebted to the Bible for all the knowledge which we have that is real- 1 ly worth anything, either for time or eternity. If all the knowledge which men have ] obtaiued, either directly or indirectly, was stricken from their minds, very little would i be left, and that little not worth much. ? We are informed, on trustworthy authority, that there has existed, from time imrae- ] morial, among all nations of even the small- , est advancement in civilization, a society, i one of the primary articles of which is thr I belief in the immortality of the soul. This ' is made second only to the belief in the ex- ' nf n Snnrema beinff whom we call ' ,g"vi,vv w* I O , God. Learned men, and men of unquestion- * able piety, tell us that many of the ancient , Egyptians were members of this society. Its I origiu dates back, we are told by learned i men, to the days of Moses. Evidences of the 1 existeuce of this society have been discovered ( among the North American Indians; among ^ some of the African tribes, and, in every sec- ( tion and quarter of the globe, wherever there 1 are men elevated in the scale of civilization above brutes. The bond of union among the 8 members of this society, is the belief in the ' existence of a God, and in the immortality ol j the soul. This society does not claim to be , j a religious society, yet its articles of confed- ? eration are opposed to the theories of those t preachers who proclaim to their hearers that ' there is no hell. f The obvious teachings of the Bible are that ( there is a heaven, the joys of which are end- ( less, and there is a hell whose torments will t never end. Those who are disposed to fall < in with the theory that all this is a concocted * theory, hatched by theologians to incite some f to live Jives of faith on the Son of God and | to frighten others to serve God, would do well , to consult the following passages of Scrip- i tures : Matt, xxv: 41. "Depart from me, ? ye cursed, into everlasting fire." In the same 1 connection they may read the 46th verse: "These shall go away into everlasting punishment." Mark ix: 43, 44; xiv:21. Luke | iii: 17. Joliu iii: 36. 2 These, i: 7-9. Jude ] vi: 13. Rev. xiv: 9?11; xx: 10. Many oth- t er passages of similar import might re- f ferred to. These, however, are sufficient. r' If the doctrine of endles9 punishment is not taught in these, it will be hard to say what they do teach. Whatever men may say or even think, the Bible does, most plainly and most positively, teach that there is a hell aud that the torments of hell are everlasting?forever aud ever. Those who say that the Bible is not the word of God, and yet are civilized men, should be able to give some reasons for their strange conduct. They ; tremble when God shakes his rod over them ; they dread the wrath of God, and yet say ' that there is no such thing as God's wrath. Notwithstanding the fact that some men of giant intellect are the promulgators of the | theory that there is no hell?no place of endI less punishment?there is not much danger J that this doctrine will be very extensively embraced. Only a certain class of preachers will attempt to preach this doctrine, and only I a few persons will believe it when preached. ' It will never be the case that a preacher, emI inent for piety, will proclaim to his hearers I that there is no hell. The man who becomes i a setter-forth of this strange doctrine, will drive all the godly persons from his congregation. He may gain for himself notoriety, ! but the man who betrayed the Lord Jesus ' Christ made himself notorious. So did Nero. It is very easy to make one's self notorious. Ttirxan mem whn teach that man is but a de velopraent of the tad-pole, or cultivated mon- ( key, are notorious; but all sensible people * think they are notorious fools. Since the belief in the doctrines of the Bible are eminently calculated to make men ' better, there is no danger in heartily embra- 1 i eiug them. On the contrary, those men, (if J J any there be,) who believe that there is no | , I hell and no heaven, are not, generally, men \ ] remarkable for anything but their lawless i conduct. j5 ttiy A father's good name and large estate I have often been the innocent occasion of en- i tailing infamy, shame and misery on his sons. . fgJisMUatteaus Reading, j ?; A STORY OF GEN. MAGRUDER. | Gen. Shields, of Cerro Gordo celebrity, J EJ has lately furnished correspondents of the .. Eastern press some reminiscenses, humorous . Ln and otherwise, of his Mexican experiences. Due anecdote I see published, wherein Bank- P' head Magruder, the gallant and convivial, I ?f figures as the hero. I am reminded of one of J11 Magruder's adventures during the campaigns !? of 1846-7, which is familiar to most of- i1,1 Seers of the "old army," hut which I uever : ftl remembered to have seen in print. It was on e? the march from Puebla to the city of Mexi- j ai no that Magruder, who had an artillery com- ai maud, on halting for the night, in the midst i :>f a pelting rain, noticed, at some little dis- [ tauce, some out-buildings admirably adapted is a shelter for his command. To think was with him to act, and in a few minutes his j, men and horses were comfortably housed, and |0 bis pieces and caissons protected by tarpau- w lius, from the storm. Scarcely had the gal- w lant captain and his subalterns settled them- hi ?elves in a snug corner before a welcome fire, f0 when they were disturbed by the entrance of w in aide-de-camp to the division commander, conveying the untimely order that Magru- n( ler's command should at once vacate, as the i n< premises bad been assigned to division head- : V{ quarters. Now, the commanding officer was | $5 Sen. Pillow, who had acquired a certain fame ! 8t by digging the fosse of a fortified work on the ^ wrong side of the parapet, and whose ever re- it lurring errors of detail afforded to the regu- ]e iars under his command a fund of infinite w jest. Magruder was equal to the occasion, f0 ind with a bland smile, a stare of non recog- ea lition and his own inimitible lisp, he ad- hi Iressed the aide he had seen every day for a ce pear: "Thir, I do not know you, I never ^ :haw you before in my life. If Gen. Pillow fr wisheth to convey me Hny orderth let him do ai .ho in writing."' The astounded aide retired, f() ind Magruder and his comrades again set- su Jed to the coffee and their fire. Shortly the jingle of spurs and the clang of sabres an- m jounced a new arrival, and, supported by his tn orderly, stalked into the circle the Adjutant- h, Jeneral of the division, Major . "Cap- w :ain Magruder, these buildiugs have been as- fd ligned as division headquarters. General H Pillow demands that you shrill vacate them m mmediately !" They were intimate friends, |1( iiad been at West Point together, but Ma- j)( ^ruder failed to recognize the Major. "There, h, [ do not know yo i. Let General Pillow convey hith orders in writing." "Why, Ma- |1( jruder?" urged the Major. "There, I do rt, lot know you," was the polite response ; and r die discomfited chief of the staff withdrew. ei A few minutes more passed by; coffee had |t] oeen discussed, and the now jovial party were t| nesting, from the festive canteen, a superior V( irticle of commissary whisky, when the clatter of hoofs, the hoarse voice of command, ;he rattle of many sabres, proclaimed the al ipproach of the division commander and his er retinue. Magruder and his lieutenants rose tr espectfully as the civilian General, in all his T nuddled and bedraggled pomp, entered their ot iiumble quarters. "Captain Magruder," thun- j8 ler Pillow, "if, in fifteen minutes, your men q< ind horses are not removed from these quar- w :ers, I will give you an order that will sur- S\ prise you, sir!" Magruder shuddered at the tli orospect, but ever ready, fired the final shot: of 'I beg pardon, General, you could give me p 10 order that would thurprithe rae, tliir."? in San Francisco Mail. g< ? In HOW THE JUDGE REPEATED THE JOKE. ty The Raleigh (N. C.) Observer relates this di inecdote of an esteemed North Carolina T Judge: "Some years ago a case was called re 'or trial in Cumherlaud Superior C >urt. tc Among the witnesses on behalf of the State jg .vas to have been one Sara Mooney. She v< was not found in the court-room, and her pi lame was called in due form from the Court- of louau window without-eflVcL. Whereupon the di State Solicitor, the late Hon. Robert Strange, of who was fond of a joke, even of a puu, turn- su id to the court and said: 'May it please to feur Honor, the testimony of this witness ii 01 lot material, and we will go on with the caa- th vithout Saramoony.' Of course, the lawyers m aughed at the pun, but the Judge didn't see te t, and cracked never a smile. There were ul 10 railroads iu those days, and few stage- ? loaches, and Judge and lawyers traveled from me court to another in McKethan's buggies. (J 3u the road to the next court, in the Judge's >wu county, there was quite a procession of n awyers in baggies fallowing the Judge's lead. 51 The Judge called a halt in the middle of a Oi itream to water his horse, and, in the thought- ^ ul mood incident to that process, suddeuly ?>, Lstonished his brethren of the bar by burst- ; ng into laughter both loud and long. He J0 'xplained that he was laughing at Judge ? Grange's good joke. Arrived at houae, lirough with his toilet, and seated at supper, lis wife, as wives will, asked of the kcideuts >f his journey. There had beeu notliing of ? nterest, he said, except the good juke gotten U iff by their mutual friend, Judge Strange, at Cumberland court. "And what was that, my lear ?" "Well, there was a case in which one if the witnesses was uamed Mary Mooney. I She could not be found, and Judge Strange, imid shouis of laughter, said, 'May it please rour Honor, we will go on without Mary \Iooney.'" The good lady pondered awhile, a ind said she did not see anything very funny s< a that; and, after a little thinking, the Judge ^ laid tliut he did not either, then, but that he had seeu it while watering his horse." The Foot and the Pound.?The foot and Ti nnnnri are found in everv country, and ! .... ? ^ ^ j , mve evidently been derived directly from the T [tomans. But they can claim a far higher * mtiquity, for Mr. Chisholm traces their ori ;iu to the Babylonians or Chaldeans, who, as to inits of lenth, use both the cubit and the foot. Pf These were subsequently adopted by the Egyp ' ,ians who introduced considerable variety, so K hat there is no little confusion between the iiflerent kinds of cubit and foot. The natu al cubit, of about 18 inches, and the foot P< vhich was two-thirds of this length, were transerred to Greece, aud the cubit having fallen nto disuse, the foot became the ordinary stunlard of the Romans. At the same time the __ louble cubit, which was equivalent to three eet, would appear to have survived in the 'ortn of the ell of mediaeval Europe, and in hat of our own yard. As all these measures were originally derived from the proportions j \ >f the human body, some caution is necessary ! u.j u referring their origin to remote antiquity, ' rii nther than directly to the length of the fore- j ^ irrn or of the foot. It must be admitted, j lowever, that the coincidence of length among , er ill civilized nations is striking. The deriva-1 01 ion of the pound weight, is more complicated. | "hr The earlier Tower pound appears to have been ! >f Roman origiu, being presumably identical I vith the Greek-Asiatic mina, while the hun- i ? Iredweight corresponded to the talent or veight of a cubit foot of water. Subsequently he Troy pound was substituted, aud, for comnercial transactions, the pound avoirdupois, ' 'rom the old French pound of 16 ounces. It s evident, however, that our weights and i Measures, in the dark ages, were iu an unset- _ led state, and subject to arbitrary alterations it the will of the monarch.? The Saturday j Review. A Two Feet Gauge Railroad.?As an jvidence of what may be done on a narrow jauge railroad, we append from the New York Stockholder the following: A delegation of thirty or forty citizens of Windham county, Vermont, visited Billerica ! md Bedford railroad in Massachusetts, with i -? i view, if thought practicable, to adopting I J[ ;he same gauge for a road from Battleboro ;o Whitehall, N. Y. So favorably impressed _ were the tourists with the workings of the road, that an informal and enthusiastic meet- j "1 ing was held on the spot, at which a spirited iet of resolutions were adopted, to be submitted to the citizens of the several towns along ? the proposed route, setting forth the perfect ; idaptibility of such a gauge to the West i ^ River Valley. Through the courtesy of the i ' uperintendeut of the Billerica and Bedford >ad, the delegates rode over it a distance of ght and a quarter miles in thirty minutes, irae of the grades being as heavy as 158 feet jr mile, rounding one curve of 35 degrees, his line is operated on 813 per day, includg 85 for track hands, and the engine makes iur trips each way, and only burns 950 iun?ls of coal per day. The weight of the igine is only twelve tons, but with it they ive no difficulty in transporting heavily aded freight cars, the platform cars carry-! g 8,000 feet of lumber, while the box cars -e capable of transporting 15 head of stock ! ich. The passenger cars are between six id seven feet in height, with separate seats, j id capable of sen ting forty passengers. The ' ains are often run at 35 miles an hour, with :> fear of accident. The gauge is but two et. Shrinkage of Estates.?But property ses not always "pan out" quite as well as it ioks. When Horace Greeley died his estate a3 estimated at $150,000. But Horace alays had a poor head for business, and when is executors came to examine the estate, they uud that a considerable part consisted of orthless paper. He had loaned raouey to ora, Dick and Harry, taking unindorsed ites as security, and of course the money jver was paid back. The estate that was ilued at $150,000 has melted down to about 20,000. This does not include some Tribune ock, which may ultimately be worth someling, but which cannot be sold at present, seems the executors tried to sell it (such, at ast, is the report) but could not get a bid orth considering, so they decided to keep it ir a possible future market. Mr. Greeley's tate is not, by any meaus, the only one that is shruuk fearfully in the settling up proas. There have been scores of instances in le past few years, of property yielding but a action of what it was supposed to be worth, id many heirs, who thought they were comTtably provided for, have found, to their irrow, that they were almost penniless when ie affairs of their fathers were straightened it. The late Moses H. Griunell was thought I 1 1 1 . ! _ -A. 1 i ne a millionaire, nut since ins neain 11 nas | ?come known that the bulk of his supposed ealth was fictitious. The same state of afirs was found to exist iu the case of William I. Aspiuwall, who ranked among the rich en, but died almost poor; and several other iads of old families, who had the credit of ;iug very rich, were found, after death, to sve lived up to the last dollar of their means. ; is decidedly uupleasant for a fashionable sir expectant to realize, after waiting years id years, to find that the old gentlemau was lally almost bankrupt; but, somehow or oth', such is life, and that ends it. No use railgat fortune when the jade has flung you iu le ditch, kicked up her heels, and gone casting out of sight. How to Handle a Gun.?Guns should ways be carried at half-cock, as theu neith' a blow on the striker nor a pull at the igger will bring the former in action, nere is no necessity whatever for a gun to be herwise than ot the half-cock, unless game immediately in front; and, further, it may be out of place to add, that it is dangerous, hen shooting in company, for the gun to be vuiigaround.in takingaim, with the finger on ie trigger. The eye should follow the line ' the flight, and the gun bo raised at the roper moment. Accidents from guns burstg are rare ; but oaution is very necessary, in ;tting over fences, to see that no earth gets dgcd in the muzzle, or iu winter time that ie latter does not get blocked up by snow ropping from the bushes, or otherwise, hese obstacles, although they may be easily imoved, are quite sufficient, if they remain, 'burst the strongest barrels when the piece fired. This is caused bv the wonderful jlooity of ihe expanding gases. This exatision, which is said to be at about the rate ' 7,000 feet per second, is the same in all rection9, and the least check at the muzzle 'the gun causes such a sudden increased presire on its sides that the latter are uuabie i resist its effects, and are hurst open. No le is more cautious or scrupuously careful in ie use of his gun than an old sportsan, and no one more readily than he, dects and condemns carelessness in the manipation of their guns in otherB Ihr ^urht'ilk (Shtipitm. TICrtMB?IN ADVANCE : ne copy, one year, $ 3 00 ne copy, six months, 1 50 ne copy, three months, 75 ngle copy, 10 tvo copies, one year, 5 00 3n copies, one year 25 00 To persons who make up clubs often or ore names, an extra copy of the paper will be rnishod one year, free of eliarfire. DOWN WITH HIGH PRICES! HICAG0 SCALE COMPANY, 68 AND 70 WEST M0NB0E ST., CHICAGO, ILL., Have reduced the prices of all kinds of 8.GALES! 4-Ton Hay, Stock or Cotton Scale, $00. FORMER PRICE, 9160. 11 other sizes at a great reduction. Every jale fully warranted. All orders promply led. Circulars, Price List, and Testimonials nt upon application. BOY THE CHEAPEST AND BEST. October 4 40 12m 0 THE FARMERS AND PLANTERS OP YOltK AN D CHESTER, OFFER THE HOME FERTILIZER. Its superior is an impossibility as a permanent im nver of the soil, and a SAVING OF THIRTYEVE DOLLARS PER TON. Cash price, per n, $15.00. T;me price, $20.00, or two hundred >unds middling Cotton, payable November 1st. reight $2.00. I also offer the AGLE AMMONIATED DISSOLVED BONE, e most concentrated and durable Fertilizer ever fered in this market. One ton, composed of 'o-thirds dissolved Bone, and one-third pure mivian Guano, by analysis, containing Ammonia, 4.35 Bone Phosphate of Lime 48.51 R. B. LOWRY, A sent. January 24 4 IOt MILLINERY. MISSES MASSEY & SMITH. *7"E would inform the public that our Miss '? SMITH has returned from the North, here she lias been for the last six months. Dung her absence she has visited all the LARGE ILLINERY ESTABLISHMENTS of Boston, liladelphia and Baltimore, and we are now ile to do as nice work as any first-class Millin, and we are also now SELLING OUR STOCK [IT CHEAP. Miss Smith will lane great pieas e in showing our goods aud posting you on e styles, Ac. January 3 1 tf MARKS, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in GENERAL FURNITURE, CHESTER, S. C. January 24 4 81m April 5 14 ly* _______ AM still Agent for tlie "American" because it is the best and cheapest Sewing Machine made. J. R. SCHORB March 7 10 It CHATTEL MORTGAGES, iJORTGAGES of Real Estate, and Titles to rl Real Estate. For sale at the ENQUIRER OFFICE. November 8 45 tf IROBT SAFE. k SECOND-HAND IRON SAFE for sale L Price $20. Apply at the ENQUIRER OFFICE. SERGEANT GREENSBO MANUFACTURERS 01 "TROPIC*5 coo: T. M. DOBSON & CO., Agent JOHN R. LONDON, Agent, ] A. F. LINDSAY, Agent, McC J. L. CARROLL, Agent, Chea August 2 A. WILLIFORD, BOCK HILL, 8. C. MORE FINE STOCK! HORSES AND MULES! BOCK HILL SALE STABLES. T WOULD respectfully inform the public that I now have for sale, at mv stables In Rock Hill, FORTY HEAD of fine Kentucky HORSES AND MULES, Which I offer for saleON TIME until the FIRST OF OCTOBER next, at 7 percent, interest, for Note and good security. BARGAINS IN HORSE FLESH,, Either on the above terms or for Cash. An in- j spection of my Stock, by all in want of good ani-1 male, is respectfully solicited; and if you are in | a trading mood Hiid do not wish to buy, bring up j your oostanogas and exchange them for good ser-! viceable Horses or Mules with which to cultivate ! vour crops, or serve in harness or under the saddle. ' A. WILLIFORD. NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to me for stock bought in 1877, may expect to be sued the first Court, if they do'not pay up forthwith, or renew their papers. I would much prefers clear settlement with all indebted to me, and hope this notice will Induce an immediate response. A. WILLIFORD. FODDER WANTED. THE undersigned will pay the highest Cash prices for 10.000 POUNDS OF OOOD FODDER, delivered at his Livery and Sale Stables at Rock Hill. A. WILLIFORD. March 7 10 tf G. H. Q>LEAR?. ^ FURNITURE. TN connection with mv Saddlery establishment I shall also conduct the FURNITURE BUSINESS, and keep on hand a full stock of articles in that line, consisting of Bureaux, Bedsteads, Tables, Chairs, Lounges, Cottage and Chamber Suites, Ac., of different styles and qualities, and in the various kinds of wood. G. H. O'LEARY. SADDLES. A FULL supply of my own manufacture of /Y Saddles, consisting of Gentlemen's, Ladies', Boy's and Wagon Saddles, all of which will be sold very cheap, for the cash. G. H. O'LEARY. SUNDRIES. BRIDLES, Halters, Girths, Saddle Bags. Saddle Blankets, Hames, Trace Chains, Backhands, Stirrups, Bridle Bits, Buckles, etc., etc., for sale at G. n. O'LEARY'S. n/\/Mrfvn ctrrAirPO UUU1V111 *jr aiwr u>3( SEVERAL .different brands of Cooking Stoves of the best grades, which I will warrant and sell at low figures. Also, cheaper grades of Stoves for sale at G. H. O't.EARY'R. _________ DINING, Teapoy and Office Tables, Tin Toilet Sets, Towel Racks, Hat Racks, Suspension Spring Beds, etc., etc., at G. H. 0'LEARY'S. HARNESS. A COMPLETE stock of Harness on hand, and any kind made to order, at verv low figures, at G. H. O'LEARY'8. "* WHIPS AND UMBRELLAS. A LARGE stock of Buggy, Wagon and Riding Whips and Buggy Umbrellas, for sale by G. H. O'LEARY. BEDSTEADS. A NICE lot of Walnut Bedsteads just received. Also, Maple and Poplar and Cottage Bedsteads for sale by G. H. O'LEARY. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, OOUHTY OF YOEK-OOOST OF COMMOH FLEA8. Geo. W. S. Hart, Plaintiff, against Henning F. Adickes, Win. C. Beatty and Wm. H. McCork!e (as Ex'ors of Nancy Blair, dec'd), Belle M. MeCaw and John Bratton (as Exex. and Ex'or. of R. G. McCaw, dec'd), J. Leander Adams (as Adm'r. of Johu H. Adams, dec'd), Robt. P. Siiii'h, Philanthropic Lodge. No. 78, Margaret E. Wjtberspoon, Jno. R. Schorb, E. Peyton Moore, Eliza A. Neely, S. Rufus Moore, W. Adolphus Moore, Mary Zurcher, (as Exex of J. U. Zurcher, dec'd), Jane E. Massey, Wm. Hayes, Geo. B. Waterhouse, Michael Bowes, J. Wm. Avery, Wm. B. Williams and J. Beatty Williams (as Adm'rs of Geo. W. Williams, dec'd), Sam'l W. Melton, Thos. S. Jetferys, Peyton B. Darwin, John F. Lindsay, 8tanhope Sadler, John F. Lindsay (as Adm'r of J. G, Lindsay, dec'd), John S. Bratton (for Moore, Rainey A Co., and R. S. Moore,) Thomas C. Neai (as Adm'r of F. H. Simril, dec'd), Agnes Moore and Mary Mason (as heirs of 8. E. Moore, dec'd), J. Rufus Bratton, and the heirs of Elias M. Kirk patrick (whose names are to Plaintiff unknown); parties in interest in a corporation heretofore existing, known as the "York Gas-Light Company," Defendants.?Summon* for Relief?Complaint not served. To the Defendants above-named. YOU are hereby summoned and required to answer the complaint in this action, which is this day tiled in the office of the Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, for the said county, and to serve a copy of your answer to the said complaint on the_subscriber, at his office, in Yorkville, South Carolina, wunin iweniy aays after the service liereof, exclusive of the day of such service; and if yon fail to answer the complaint within the time aforesaid, the plaintiff in this action will apply to the Court for the relief demanded in the complaint. Dated February 12, A. D. 1878. JAMES F. HART, Plaintiffs Attorney. Notick:?The Defendants, Mary Zurcher, Wm. Haves, George B. Waterhouse, Michael Bowes, J. Wm. Avery, Stanhope Sadler, Thos. C. Neal, J. Rufus Bratton and tne heirs ofElias M. Kirkpatrick (names unknown,) will take notice that they are served with the foregoing summons, by the publication thereof. JAMES F. HART, Plaintiffs Attorney. February 14 7 6t STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, COUNTY OF YORK?OOUET OF COMMON FLEA8. Andrew Hafner, John McCarley and Samuel G. Blair, Plaintiffs, against Martha Woods, James Hardwick, William Hardwiek, Harriet McCarley, Mildred A. Blair, Mary Kirkpatrick, William Barnes, Kezziah Hafner, the heirs of Garland Hardwick, deceased, and the heirs of George M. Hardwick, deceased, Defendants. Summons for Relief?Complaint not Served. To the Defendants. YOU are hereby summoned and required to answer the complaint in this action, which is filed in the office of the Clerk of Common Pleas, for the said county, and to serve a copy of your answer to the said complaint on the subscribers at their office, in Yorkville, South Carolina, within twenty days after the service hereof, exclusive of the day of such service; and if you fail toanswerthe complaintwithln the time aforesaid, the Plaintiff in this action will apply to the Court for the relief demanded in the complaint. Dated March 5th, A. D., 1878. WILSON <fe WILSON, Plaintiffs' Attorneys. To the heirs of Garland Hardwick, deceased, and the heirs of George M. Hardwick, deceased, (names unknown to Plaintiffs). Take notice that you are served with the summnn? of which the foregoing is a couv. bv Dubli cation thereof. WILSON & WILSON, Plaintiffs' Attorneys. March 7 10 6t NOTICE TO CREDITORS. PT1HE creditors of the estate of D. D. A. BELK, i deceased, are hereby notified to establish theirclaiins before me, at my office in Yorkville, on or before the 1st day of MAY next. J. A. McLEAN, Judge of Probate. March 7 10 8t TRIALJUSTICE'S BLANKS. RECOGNIZANCES, Warrants of Arrest, Summons in ciril action, and Executions. For sale at the ENQUIRER OFFICE. January 17 8 It c McCAULEY, I RO. N. C., P THE CELEBRATED KING STOVES! PRICE GREATLY REDUCED on Cooking and Heating Stoves, Hollow Ware And-Irons, and B Castings of al. ainds. Also, on PLANTER'S PRIDE' PLOWS STRAW CUTTERS, HORSE POWERS, Saw Mills, <fec. a. Yorkville, S. C. Rock Hill, York county, S. C. 'oDoellaville, York county, S. C. iter, 8. C. 31 tf YORK MARBLE YARD. THE undersigned is still conducting the Marbte Business Tn York.p%| f that he can supply**tiiose STONES with anything in his line, and at *he lowest cash prices. Monuments designed and finished in the most elaborate style, and in point of workmanship and material warranted equal to the work of any establishment in the country. Head and Footstones, in various styles, from plain to highly-carved work, furnished at short notice, and satisfaction guaranteed. _ Specimens usually on band, to an inspection of which, those in want of marble work are respectfully invited. Estimates and any other desired Information cheerfully given at any time. Work delivered at any point on the Chester and Lenoir Narrow Gauge Railroad, between Chester and Dallas, or at any place between Rock Hill and Winnsboro, on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad, free of charge for transportation. Thankful for the patronage heretofore bestowed upon my establishment, my determination is to merit a continuance of tne same. F. HAPPERFIELD. January 3 1 ly vnoirrn ? r SALE AND FEED STABLES. THE undersigned respectfully /c)\ inform the publicthat tney have formed a partnership for the purpose of conduct?8 SALE AND FEED STABLES in the town of Yorkville, and will have constantly on hand HORSES AND MULESof all grades, which will be sold CHEAP for cash, or on favoro Rio form a on tlmo nnfo and a nnrotro^ aoon ?dttr payable the first of October, 1878. FEEDING AND GROOMING. We would also call attention to the fact that we are well prepared to BOARD horses or mules by . the day, week, month or single meal. Animals placed in our care will be well fed and well treated, at the LOWEST PRICES. Persons coming in from the country *nd leaving their horses at our Stables can have the satisfaction of knowing that while they will lie properly cared for, they will also be more secure than when hitched up in some back lot, liable to break loose and stray oif, or be stolen. Oive us a trial, and we guarantee satisfaction. Stables near old Masonio Hall. We wish to buy Corn and Fodder, for which the highest cash prices will be paid at our stables. WHITAKER A WILLIFORD. January 10 2 ly BLANK BOOK MANUFACTORY STATIONERY, AND BOOK BINDERY. THANKING the public for liberal past patronage, I now invite attention to my complete stock of STAPLE AND FANCY STATIONERY, consisting, in part, of Flat Papers, Midiuin, Folio Post, Demy, Letter and Note. Blank Books, of every variety; Envelopes, Slates, Ink, Ac, Fancy Stationery, Gold Pens and Penclts, PenKnives, Writing Desks, Ac. Also, BOOK BINDING DONE, in all its various branches. Sheet Music, Periodicals, Law Books, Ac., bound in any style desired. Ola Books rebound and repaired. PRINTED BILL AND LETTER HEAD8 A SPECIALTY Orders promptly attended to, at lowest cash prices. * E. R. STOKES, 155 Main Street Columbia S. C. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, JB COUNTY OF YORK. J| WIT HERE AS JOSEPH F. WALLACE. C. C. H. C. Pleas, has applied to me for Letters of Administration, on all and singular, the goods and chattels, rights and credits of the estates of WM. McLURE and ROBT. MoLtJRE, late of ?e 1B|j county aforesaid, deceased. These are, therefore, to cite and admonish all and singular, the kindred and creditors of the said deceased, to be and appear before me, at our ^ next Judge of Probate's Court for the said county, to be holaen at York Court House, on the 29TH DAY OP MARCH, next, to shew cause, if any, why the said Administrations should not be granted. Given under my hand and Seal, this 21st day of February, in tbe year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight, and in the 102nd year of the Independence of the United States of America. JOSEPH A. McLEAN, J udge of Probate. February 21 8 fit* BARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY. m THIRTEEN Jfeys. different machines with which jmA f Builders, Cabinet Makers, Wagf T on Makers, ar,d Jobbers in Mis* cellaneous Work can oompeU _jgSjL l QUALITY AND PRICE, with Steam Power Manufacturing; also, Amateurs' Supplies, Saw Blades. Fancy Woods and Designs. Say where you read this and send for Catalogue and Prices. ^ W. F. A JOHN BARNES, Rockford, Winnebago County, 111. June 7 23 10m ROSE'S HOTEL VOKKVILLE, S. C. THIS HOUSE has been thorouKh'y renovated from cellar to 49 ir-iBCiTM garret, and newly furnished, ineluding GRAFTON'S PATENT SPRING BEDS. In view of the times, our motto is a full House at a moderate price. TERMS?$1.50 PER DAY, OR 50c. PER MEAL. Sample Rooms reserved especially forCommercial traveler*. HEwRY W. SMITH. August 30 34 tf METALiU C ASESTAND WOOD COFFINS. I HAVE on hand a good assortment of METALIC CASES AND WOOD COFFINSall styles, qualities and prices?from a FINE CASKET, with Silver-Plated Mountings, worth $200.00, to a PLAIN COFFIN, at $7.00. I am oreuarod. at all times, to furnish' these Coffins at niy Despository, or send them anywhere in the'country. JAMES E. SMITH, Agent. January 17 3 tf JAMES A. GLENN,!). D. 8., SURGEON AND MECHANICAL DENTIST, 4~\FFERS his professional services J to the citizens of this section. When desired, he will visit the residences of patrons. Teeth extracted without pain bv the use of nitrous oxide gas. Letters addressed to Crowder's Creek, N. C., will meet with prompt attention. Terms moderate. November 1 44 tf BARBER SHOP. fllHOSE in want of an EASY SHAYE, a fashJ. ionable and stylish cut of hair, or a pleasant and luxurious Shampoo, are reminded that THOS. BALLARD, Professor of the ArtTonsorial, is still in business, in his old Shop next door to the Enquirer building, where it will afford him great pleasure to wait upon all who may desire his services. Razors boned and sharpened, and any other work of that kind promptly done. THOMAS BALLARD. January 10 2 tf CLEANSING AND REPAIRING THE undersigned would respectfully inform the public that he is prepared to cleanse garments of any fabric whatever, rendering them perfectly clean, and if unfaded, restoring them to the original brightness and lustre of the goods. Do not throw away your old clothes, but have them cleaned and made to look as well as new. Work promptly done, and at the most reasonable prices. THOMAS BALLARD. September 6 36 tf ~ NOTICE. 1 RESPECTFULLY inform the public that I am prepared to sharpen razors, scissors, shears and other fine-edged instruments. Prices?for honing and sharpening razors, 25 cents, and for sharpening scissors or shears, 10 cents each, and satisfaction guaranteed or no charge. TOM BALLARD, Barber. Novembers 44 1?