Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, March 08, 1877, Image 2
Scraps and .facts. |
? The new President has done no official
act that has been made public.
? Governor Nicholls has issued a proclama*tion
convening the Legislature of Louisiana.
?The Columbia Register of Tuesday reports
the condition of Chief Justice-Moses as
unchanged.
? None of the Supreme Court Judges being
present last Monday, except Justice Willard,
Court was adjourned until the 15th instant.
? The Columbia Register says there are
quite a number of members of the Legislature
in the city.
? The State House in Columbia, S. C., is
still occupied by Federal soldiers and Chamberlain's
constabulary.
? The Boston Post thinks it will be no
gain to the country to lose Grant and retain
Grantism.
? Failure of the army appropriation bill to
pass both Houses, renders an extra session of
Congress necessary.
? John Reilly, late auditor of North Carolina,
is in a Baltimore hospital, dying of
consumption.
? The fine residence of A. P. Eckel, of
Greensboro, N. C., was destroyed by an accidental
fire last Thursday morning.
? Quent Busbee, a prominent lawyer of
Kaleigh, N. C., died suddenly on Tuesday of
last week.
? The failure of the North American Life
Insurance Company, of New York, is announced.
? Myers, the Richmond distiller, recently
:onvicted of violating the revenue laws, has
>een unconditionally pardoned by President
Grant.
? Georgia farmer, say this is goingto be a
great crop year, and are consequently making
arrangements to cultivate as much land
as possible.
? Fifteen Republican Senators held a meetiug
last Friday and resolved that if Hayes'
Southern policy is to be against the Republican
party of the South, they should know it.
? The total number of hogs packed in Cincinnati
from November 1st to February 28th,
inclusive, are: 523,576; during the same time
last year, 563,359.
? Governor Colquitt, of Georgia, has signed
the bill passed by the Legislature requiring
fire insurance companies doing business in
that State, to make a denosit of 825.000.
? The Louisiana State House is barricaded,
and guarded by about 500 adherents of Packard,
who fear that Nicholls will take possession
of thd building. Two companies of United
States troops are quartered in rear of the
State House. Gen. Augur will interfere only
for the prevention of a conflict.
? The Raleigh (N. C.) Sentinel has been
purchased by the proprietors of the Raleigh
Observer, with which paper the former has
been merged?the name of the Observer being
retained. The Raleigh Observer is one of the
best, as it is the most enterprising of the North
Carolina dailies.
? At a meeting of the stockholders of the
Atlanta and Richmond Air Line Railroad, in
New York last week, it was determined to issue
8500,000 preferred mortgage bonds to relieve
the present embarrassment of the company
and put the road in good working order.
? Bishop Wilmer, of Louisiana, who last
week visited Governor Hayes at Cblumbus
and laid before him the deplorable situation
of Louisiana, telegraphed to New Orleans at
the close of his visit: "Le; our people remain
absolutely quiet," which shows sufficiently
that he was satisfied with his conversation with
the Governor.
? About 10 o'clock last Monday morning,
Sergeant R. A. Edwards, of Company G, 18th
Regiment, stationed at Columbia, committed
suicide by shooting himself with a Springfield
rifle. He was a man of about 40 years of
Age, and went through tho lato war as a sol
dier on the Confederate side, from the State
of Alabama.
? A fire occurred in Camden, S. C., on
m ? /* I * _1_ !- 1 J _
l uesciay 01 last wees, wnica aestroyeu nan a
block of the business ps.rt of the town and
entailed a loss of about fifty thousand dollars.
The fire originated at the rear of Archer's
store, and is charged to an incendiary.
Forty thousand dollars of the lo3s is covered
by insurance.
? Cabinet speculations are now rife, though
nothing yet is definitely known from Washington
on the subject. It is stated that Eugene
Hale, of Maine, has declined an appointment.
and that ex-Senator Key, of Teuuessee,
will be Postmaster General; Evarts, Secretary
of State; Morrill, Secretary of the Navy.
Gen. Joseph E. Johnston is also mentioned
in connection with the Cabinet.
?Judge Wright has turned up in Charleston,
from which city, he stated to a reporter for the
Journal of Commerce, that he thought he would
go to Washington, and' would remain there
for several days. The reporter who inter
J .1? T..j i? :J .i_
viewed me errant uuuge cays ue io eviueuuy
in an imbecile state of mind, giving "clear indications
of the bender that he has been on.
In simple, plain unvarnished English, he was
on the verge of delirium tremens."
? The last Senatorial act of Senator Robertson
was to prevent the confirmation of William
Stone as United States District Attorney-General
for South Carolina. On the expiration
of Mr. Robertson's senatorial term he
was presented with a splendid boquet, the
card accompanying it expressing a farewell
trust of esteem and reghrd from the granddaughters
of Col. William Washington, of the
Revolution.
? State Senator Nash, applied to Governor
Hampton again, a few days ago, for assistance
for the Colored Orphan Asylum in Columbia.
In his application he recognizes the
Wallace House and refers to Gen. Wallace
as Speaker, but as he explicitly declared he
did not recognize Governor Hampton, after
having received aid on the first occasion, the
n.momnp hnldo Vila apnnnd annlir&tinn nndar
V-./?v.wv. ~~~~ rr..v?.v
consideration.
? Mrs. Hayes' wardrobe is the subject of a
special leaded telegram from Cincinnati to
the Chicago Inter- Ocean. Mr. Jenkins reverently
and picturesquely says : "By good fortune
your correspondent obtained a description
of the dresses as decided upon by Mrs.
Hayes and her intimate lady friends and advisers.
The inaugural dress will be of elegant
black silk, cut princesse in style, and
will be high in the throat, with long sleeves,
and, of course, full train. It will be trimmed
with black velvet, blue satin and Valenciennes
lace, and, although rich and elegant, is
pronounced very plain. The cost will be five
hundred dollars. The evening or reception
dres3 will be of Quaker gray, with corsage
waist,square neck, demi-sleeves and full train.
It will be trimmed with Valenciennes lace,
fringe and flowers, and will cost three hundred
dollars. The morning dress will be of blue
cashmere, handsomely trimmed with silk of
the same shade, with fringe to match, with
demi-train and princess polonaise."
? The Darlington (S. C.,) News of last week
says: "On Suuday.the 18th ultimo, a compar- i
atively young gentleman and lady, richly
clad, and bearing every appearance of wealth, i
drove up to Society Hill in a buggy and made
inquiry for Mr. Wilson. They were directed
to Mr. Wilson's, where they called and unveiled
a male infant about four days old,
which they desired to give him, stating that
they had been informed he would take it.
Mr. Wilson declined on the ground that his
wife's health wa3 delicate, and that he had
two children of his own, which were all he
could care for. They were then directed to
Mr. Patent to whom they went, and who
agreed to take the child. They left with Mr. j
Patent a small trunk containing some money
and other things for the baby, and promised
to send it some things from time to time until
it became capable of taking care of itself.
They refused to tell either where they hailed
from, give their names or tell where they got
the child, but said that the little fellow had
never seeu his mother. The gentleman who
ihas charge Ojf.tJ# child says it is doing well." i
ike fotMle gutter.;
? r
YORK V ILL E, S, C.: ,
THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 8,1877. j
PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS.
Id the Senate on the 27th, the House reso|
4totions in respect to the memory of the late _
Speaker Kerr were called up, and after a J
number of appropriate eulogies were delivered
by Senators, the resolutions were unanimously
agreed to. The bill creating a sink- '
ing fund for the Pacific railroad was post- ,
poned until December next. The House
Kill TrViinh t?RQ nnssprl frn-Hftv rptrnrHinor Vft
r- ? ?J ? - cj l !
cancies in the office of President, was read by
title and referred to the committee on privi
leges and elections. In the House, most of (
the session was spent in the consideration of ^
the sundry civil appropriation bill, which,
however, was not completed. A bill to provide
for vacancies in the office of President ^
and Vice-President, that may arise through
the failure of the two Houses to count the
electoral vote, was reported by Field, of New
York, from the committee on elections, and
after a brief discussion was passed. The bill ]
provides that in case of such vacancy in the ,
Presidential office, it shall be filled by the
President of the .Senate, if there be one, or
by the Speaker of the House, if there be one,
or by the Secretary of State in office at the (
time of the vacancy. A motion to suspend (
the rules and adopt the resolution recognizing
the Democratic governments of Louisiana (
and South Carolina was made by Schleicher, ,
of Texas, but failed for want of a two-thirds
majority. So also did a resolution offered (
by Watterson, of Keutucky, commending
the President for his reported opinions in
support of the Nicholls government in Louisiana.
The clause to pay Southern mail contractors
for work done before the war, was
restored to the sundry civil bill.
In the Senate on the 28th, Mr. Robertson (
submitted a resolution that the decision of the (
Commission upon the electoral vote of the
State of South Carolina stand as the judgment
of the Senate, objections made thereto ,
to the contrary notwithstanding. Mr. Merrimon,
of North Carolina, submitted a reso- :
lution that it is competent to receive testimony
?o sustain several exceptions to the decis- ;
ion of the Commission. Mr. Edmunds, of (
Vermont, raised the point of order on the |
! resolution of Mr. Merrimon and argued that ,
the Senate must either affirm or reject the
decision of the Commission, upon which point (
of order a discussion ensued. The point of i
order that the Senate must vote either to sustain
or reiect the decision of the Commission 1
was carried by a vote of 43 to 18. After an
elaborate debate, it was decided, by a party
vote, to count South Carolina for Hayes. After
returning from the second joint session, ,
the Senate agreed to count the full vote of |
Vermont for Hayes, and took a recess. In ,
the House, on re-assembling after separating ,
from the Joint Convention, the yeas and nays ,
were called for a quorum. Saylor offered a j
resolution that the House meet the Senate at j
ten minutes past twelve. This breaks the
legislative day, but was in the interest of the
propriation bill, which, by unanimous con- <
sent, was taken up and passed. The ruling i
of the Speaker was sustained. ' Further mo- i
tions for recess were made, which the Speak- i
er declared were out of order and refused to 1
entertain appeals from the decision. The i
Speaker directed the Clerk to read the decision
of the Court and objections when conclu- (
ded. Mr. Phillips called for the reading of ]
the testimony, 1,200 pages. Wood objected <
and the motion to read the testimony result- i
ed: yeas 86; nays 177. Walling moved ,
that part of the testimony read be ruled out ,
of order. Franklin moved that the report ;
of South Carolina be read and the Speaker i
decided the report not before the House. Fi- ,
nally the two hours' discussion allowed was ,
opened. At its close, several motions were ,
made, and it becoming evident that unless one
party or the other yielded, the session would
continue all night, it was compromised to i
allow the count to proceed until Vermont
was reached. The House took recess upon
objections to Vermont.
In the Senale on the 1st of March, no legislative
business was transacted. The objections
in the case of the electoral vote of Ver- <
mont having been disposed of, the Senate
awaited the action of the House on that matter.
In the House, all bills recently passed
by the Senate removing political disabilities,
were passed. After the failure of various dilatory
motions, a two hours' debate was comI
menced on the Vermont electoral vote, and
at 11 o'clock P. M., that State was counted
for Hayes and Wheeler, and the Senate notified
of the result.
In the Senate on the 2nd, immediately after
convening at 11 o'clock, A. M., Vermont
was counted for Hayes, aud Virginia and !
West Virginia for Tilden ; and finally, after
separation and two hours' discussion, Wiscon- <
sin was counted for Hayes. At half-past 4
Mr. Ferry said: "This concludes the count !
of thirty-eight States. The tellers will now
ascertain and deliver the result." Senator
! Allison, one of the tellers, declared the vote :
j Rutherford B. Hayes, 185; Samuel J. Tilj
den, 184. "Wherefore I announce Hayes and !
I Wheeler duly elected President and Vice- I.
I President for four years commencing March j (
i 4, 1877." There was a solitary hiss. The
! Senate retired, the House adjourned and the j
J flag was lowered for the first time since Feb- j i
i ruary 1st. The following are the legislative i
i proceedings: Mr. Gordon, of Georgia, called , (
i up the Senate bill to authorize the Secretary
I of War to adjust and settle claims of the State j
1 of Georgia against the government on acj
count of the Western and Atlantic Railroad. (
i Passed. Mr. Morrill, of Vermont, submitted
t a resolution authorizing the appointment of a i,
committee of three Senators to make the nec!
essary arrangements for the inauguration of
the President elect on the 5th of March. .
Agreed to. The nomination of William Stone
as Attorney-General for South Carolina was (
read. Mr. Ransom presented the credentials j
of M. C. Butler as United States Senator from
.i a?.iu n 1:?
me ocaie Ol OUUUI ^/aiunua iu1 oi.v jtaio himu ,
March 4th, 1877. The credentials were signed
by Wade Hampton as Governor, and had
the seal of the State attached. They were
read and placed on file. The printing of
300,000 copies of the agricultural report was
ordered. The Senate then adjourned. In j
the House, a resolution with the extraordinary
preamble that the Louisiana Returning
Board be discharged from arrest, so as to as- <
siet the members of the Commission who completed
the work of the Returning Board, at
the inauguration, was defeated, Republicans
as well as many Democrats voting nay, as i
t
the preamble contained matter insulting to
Hayes. Only 18 affirmative votes were cast.
The conference report on the deficiency appropriation
was adopted. The army appropriation
bill was reported. It contains a clause
that no portion of the appropriation shall be
used to support any State government by the
army. A special clause exists that neither
the governments of South Carolina or Louisiana
shall be supported until recognized by
Congress. The motion to suspend the rules
and pass the bill was agreed to. The bill
goes to the Senate. This action is regarded
as equivalent to the success of Hampton and
Nicholls. The river and harbor appropriation
bill failed to receive a two-thirds vote,
and must take its regular course. The conference
committee on post office appropriations
were also unable to agree, aud a new
conference was ordered. Heard, of Ohio, reported
a resolution reciting that as it had been
declared that the President of the United
States may be inaugurated on the fraudulent
action of the Louisiana Returning Board, its
members should be discharged from custody,
pea3, 89; nays, 97. The bill for the payment
if claims passed upon by the Southern Claims
Commission passed. It appropriates 8474,)00.
The bill allowing the proceedings in
die nature of a quo warranto to try the title
)f a President or a Vice-President, was defeated
by 66 to 99.
In the Senate on the 3rd, the pession was
levoted to discussing the provisions of the
army appropriation bill, and resulted iu the
adoption?by a strict party vote of yeas, 32 ;
aays, 23?of a substitute for the House bill,
which provides that the troops shall be re
moved from the Southern States. In the
House, the resolution that the investigating
committees be discharged from further conjideration
of matters committed to them, and
that persons held for contempt be discharged,
was adopted. The conference on the sundry
civil appropriation failed. In the legislative
appropriation bill, all points in dispute were
compromised except as to the President's salary.
the House voting to insist on a reduction
J <-(
to $25,000. A resolution was reported by
Knott, of Kentucky, and adopted by a strict
party vote, 137 to 88, declaring that Tilden
had received 196 votes of duly qualified electors,
and was thereby duly elected President,
and that in the opinion of the House, Hendricks
having received the like number of
electoral votes, was thereby duly elected VicePresident.
Both Houses were in session all of Saturday
night and up to noon on Sunday. In
the Senate a new conference was asked for
and agreed to with the House committee on
the army appropriation bill. The legislative
appropriation bill passed with the President's
salary fixed at ?50,000. After further routiue
business, Mr. Blaine from the conference
committee on the army appropriation bill,
reported that there had been a third conference
on that bill without any agreement, explaining
as the reason therefor that the House
would not recede from the provisions of the
hill requiring the removal of the military
from the Southern States. At this point, the
hour of 12 M. having arrived, Mr. Ferry
pronounced his valedictory and the session
closed. The House proceedings were confined
to the military appropriation bill, the
majority adhering to the restricting clause,
and when the hands on the clock dial indicated
five minutes before noon, the Speaker
rose and delivered his valedictory, announcing
the close of tho present Congross.
EXTRA SESSION OF THE SENATE.
On the 5th the Senate convened in extra
session. Ferry was elected President pro
lem. After the Senate was called to order,
the new Senators were called and the oath of
office administered to those not objected to.
Those objected to were Kellogg, of Louisiana;
Morgan, of Alabama, and Lamar, of
Mississippi. The President pro tem. announced
that there were two sets of credentials
from South Carolina, and there was but one
vacancy. Mr. Gordon, of Georgia, objected
to the oath being administered to any one
claiming a seat from South Carolina, and the
credentials of Corbin and Butler were also
laid over. When the name of LaFayette
Grover, Senator elect from Oregon, was call- {
ed, he did not respond. The Senators not
objected to having been sworn in, Mr. Ferry
asked if the Vice-President elect of the UniStotoQ
toqa ronriv t.n tftkft the oath of of
? J -w ?
fice. After a few minutes Mr. Wheeler entered
the Senate chamber, leaning on the arm of
Mr. McCreary, of the committee of arrangements,
and was escorted to the * desk of the
presiding officer, when Mr. Ferry,said?"I
have great pleasure in presenting the VicePresident
of the United States." Mr. Wheeler
made a brief address, at the conclusion of
which Mr. Ferry retired from the chair, saying:
"With great pleasure, Mr. Vice-President,
I surrender the chair to you." The
Vice-President then announced that the Senate
would proceed to witness the inauguration
of the President. After returning from
the inauguration ceremonies, Mr. Hamlin
submitted a resolution that a committee of
three Senators be appointed by the VicePresident
to wait ypon the President of the
United States and inform him that a quorum
of the Senate had assembled, and that the
Senate will be pleaseed to receive any communication
he may be pleased to make. Agreed
to, and Messrs. Hamlin, Morton and
Ransom were appointed such committee. The
Senate then adjourned till 12 o'clock Tuesday.
EX PARTE TILDA STEPHENS.
We publish in another column the opinion
in the above case of Associate Justice Willard
of theSupreme Court. As is familiar
with our readers, the case involved the question
of the rightful governorship of South
Carolina?the petitioner, Tilda Stephens, being
a convict pardoned from the penitentiary
by Governor Hampton, which pardon the
Superintendent of the penitentiary refused to I
recognize until Hampton's right to grant it
could be judicially determined. The case
has been dragging in the Court for several
weeks, and before the testimony was concluded,
the Chief Justice was stricken down with
disease, leaving on the bench Associates Willard
and Wright. The testimony was concluded
and argument made before these Justices,
and it was currently rumored in Columbia
that a decision of the case would be
read from the bench on Friday last. It ap
pears, however, that on Taesday previous an
order was prepared and submitted to Justices
Willard and Wright, for their signatures.
Judge Willard expressed his willingness to
approve it; but Judge Wright declined on
the ground that he excepted to certain portions
of the order. A second order was then
submitted, in accordance with Wright's expressed
opinion, and this he signed without
hesitation, as did also Judge Willard. The
following is a copy of the order thus signed:
Supreme Court: Ex parto Tilda Stephens alias
Tilda Norris. It is ordered, that the relator be
.lischarged frmtn the custody of the superintendent
of the penitentiary.
A. J. Wjlparp, A. J. Presiding.
I concur in the above.
J. J. Wright, J.
This order was signed on the 27th ultimo,
ind would have been published aud filed on
that day but for Wright's earnest request for
delay, accompanied by his equally earnest
declaration of fear that its publication at
that time would seriously endanger his personal
safety, if not his life, at the hands of
persons of his own race and party. This request
was so far complied with that the order
was not annouuced at the time, but remained
in the custody of the Court.
Subsequent proceedings in the case, and
occurrences pertaining thereto, are related by
the correspondent of the Charleston New and
Courier as follows:
"During the two following days and nights
Wright was subjected to the well-organized
system of espionage, persuasion and intimidation
to which I have before had occasion to
refer. Without the needless repetition of
names, I have only to again remark that all
the leading Republicans in this city, and
some who seem to have been called for the
purpose from other portions of the State, combined
in the common cause of intimidating
aud cajoling the one judge upon whom they
felt that their political fate now depended.
Bowen and Dunn hurried off to Washington
I to secure telegraphic influences from leading
Radicals there, while the others, to whose
[ number was added last night W. J. Whipper,
redoubled their exertions by day and night, in
; and out of season here. The remarkable expedient
of sending a band of negro women,
members of somt; long-named society, to pray
a favorable decision on suppliant knees, was
resorted to, among numerous other equally
novel and, as the sequel proves, efficient aids
to the wavering judicial mind. The fruit of
these exertions came to-day. I am informed
that Wright sent to Judge Wil^rd and requested
possession of the order above given,
*Mi.mAaA r\P orootnrf hfa namo Wil
tUT IUC Ul oirioiug uiu uv..Uw. ., ..
lard spurned the proposition with honest in*
dignation, and, rightly regarding the order as
the final judgment of the Court, declined to
entrust it in Wright's facile and trembling
hands. But Wright had gone too far and
had stooped too low to stop now, and, by'the
advice or command of his masters, he proceeded
to consummate his own infamy.
At 12 o'clock the clerk of the Court waited
oh Judge Willard, and handed him a lengthy
opinion, upon which was noted, in pencil,
"Filed March 1, by 12 o'clock M." To this
opinion was appended the following remarkable
retraction:
"Having attached my name to an order discharging
the petitioner in this ease, on the 27th day
of February, 1877, after more mature deliberation,
believing that the order should not have been
made, I now hereby revoke, recall and cancel
said order, so far as my signature may have given
it sanction, and substitute the foregoing opinion
in its stead.
J. J. Wright, A. J., S. C."#
Wright's pusillanimous apology for his
course is that he signed the first order under
duress and in fear of his life from the Democrats,
if he decided adversely to them. The
fact is th it he signed the first order in the
consultation room, no one being present except
Judge Willard and himself. It is also
well known that he stated to Governor Hampton
and to many others on several occasions
that he hesitated to decide in favor of HaraptoD,only
because be feared he would be killed
by persons of his own party and race if he
did so.
A large crowd, assembled in the Supreme
Court room on Friday morning, expecting to
hear the decision in the Tilda Norris case.
After waiting nearly two hours, Judge Will
1 ?i?An/) oai/) tKof Y\q harl in.
laru euieicu muuc auu omu wui
tended to give to-day the results of his own
conclusions as to the habeas corpus case, involving
the question of the validity of Hampton's
pardon, but owing to the absence of a
member of the Court, Justice Wright, he was
unable to do so, as the Court could not be
convened. He could discover no reason for
the absence of his associate, who was in town
yesterday. The sheriff had been sent to bis
house for him, but returned with information
that he haB boon absent since yesterday morning.
He said he would reduce to writing,
and place 011 file at an early date, the results
at which he had himself arrived. He ad
journed the Court until Monday morning,> at
11 o'clock.
Judge Willard then caused the original
order signed by himself and Wright to be
placed on the record of the Court, and Tilda
Stephens was, on Friday evening, discharged
from the penitentiary.
The correspondent of the Journal of Com-,
merce telegraphs that paper:
"Governor Hampton expresses entire satisfaction
with the situation, and declares that
he prefers the present state of matters to a
unanimous decision in his favor, as it lays
hare,in all its horrible deformity, the villainy
of the Radicals before the country, and shows
the character of Chamberlain's conspiracy.
He is more hopeful than ever. A general
feeling of buoyancy and exultation seems to
Drevail. notwithstanding Hayes' election."
I ' ...
THE LOUISIANA CASE.
Among the last official acts of President
Grant, was an order removing the status quo in
Louisiana, or in other Words withdrawing the
military from the support of the Packard
government. ^This was in compliance with a
pledge he had previously made, to withdraw
the military so soon as the result of the Presidential
election was officially declared. The
result of this action, it is thought, will have
the effect of ending Packard's claims, and be
a practical recognition of NichoMs as Governor.
Under date of the 1st instant, Packard
made the following appeal to the President:
Statements are authoritatively made here
that you have announced your purpose to
withdraw the Uuited States forces from the
various positions to which they have been assigned
in the interest of peace and public
weal in this city and State, so soon as the electoral
vote shall have been tleclared. It is
further stated that assurances have been given
on the part of Nicholls and his supporters?
who I may state are identically the same organization
under the name of the White
League that rose in insurrection against the
State government in 1874 and were suppressed
by your orders?that if the support of United
States troops be withdrawn the government
of which I am the head would disintegrate,
and Nicholls be installed without vioKln/^otio/1
Tf la f?nrrpnt.lv renorf.ed
icuuo auu uiwuoiiuui av iu ?
and believed here on the other hand, that the
White League are under orders to attack the
State House, and will attack the State House
as soon as the soldiers are withdrawn from
the city, their purpose being, by the annihilation
of the officers of this government, to leave
no Republican in the State for your successor's
recognition. The validity of my title as
Governor of the State having been passed upon
by the only tribunal known to the State
laws and beiugnow confirmed by the decision
of the national tribunal, I deem it my duty to
maintain thej-goveroment by all means at my
command. I; therefore, most respectfully but
urgently request to be informed whether any
changes be contemplated by you in orders
heretofore given to General Augur, commanding
this Department, in order that I may be
able to take such measures as circumstances,
?i ? a..*.. fi'tro r\f fhn .Qfqto
a nit my uutj ao \j mci v u? uuv w??w
may seem to require. I again most respectfully
request at your hands the recognition of
the legal State government. S. B. Packard.
To this appeal Grant turned a deaf ear, and
caused the following reply to be sent by telegraph
to Packard:
In answer to your dispatch of this date, the
President directs me to say that he feels it his
duty to state frankly, that he does not believe
public opinion will longer support the maintenance
of State government in Louisiana by
the use of the military, and that he must concur
in this manifest feeling. The troops will
hereafter, as in the past, protect life and
property from mob violence when the State
authorities fail j but qnder the remaining
days of his official life, they will not be used
to establish or to pull down either' claimant
for the control of the State. It is pot his
purpose to recognise either claimant.
C. C, Griffin, Secretary. I
INAUGURATION OF HAYES.
Mr. Hayes took the oath of office in the
red room of the White House, at 7 o'clock
last Sunday evening. The oath was administered
by Chief Justice Waite. There were
no witnesses to the swearing.
The inaugural ceremonies took place on
Monday. Nothing unusual characterized the
events of the occasion. The procession was
small, but handsome, well handled and orderly.
The programme was followed in all its
details, and nothing omitted that had been
previously arranged. The following is the
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
FeliSow-Oitizens?We have assembled to repeat
the public ceremonial begun by Washington,
and observed by all my predecessors, and
now a time-honored custom, which marks the
nnmmonmmont nf a n?w term of the Presidentis#
office. Called to the duties of this great trust, I
proceed, in compliance with the usage, to announce
some of the leading principles on the subjects
that now chiefly engage the public attention,
bv which it is n?y desire to be guided in the discharge
of these duties. I shall not undertake to
lay down irrevocably principles or measures of
administration, but rather to speak oi the motives
which should animate us, and to suggest
certain important ends to be attained in accordance
with our institutions and essential to the
welfare of our country.
At the outset of the discussion which preceded
the recent Presidential election, it seemed to uie
fitting that I should make known my sentiments
in regard to several of the important questions
which then appeared to demand the consideration
of the country. Following the example, and, in
part, adopting the language.of one or my predecessors,
I wish now, when every motive for misrepresentation
has passed away", to repeat what
was said before the election?that my countrymen
will candidlv w.eigh and understand it, and
that they will feel assured that the sentiments declared
in accepting the nomination for the Presidency
will be the standard of my conduct in the
path before me, charged, as I now am, with the
grave and difficult task of carrying them out in
the practical administration of the government,
so far as depends under the constitution and laws
on the Chief Executive of the nation. The permanent
pacification of the country upon such
principles and by such measurers will secure
the complete protection of all its citizens In the
free enjoyment of all their constitutional rights,
is now'tlie one subject in our public affairs, which
all thoughtful and patriotic citizens regard as of
supreme importance. Many of the calamitous
effects of the tremendous revolntion which has
passed over the Southern States still remain. The
immeasurable benefits which will surely follow,
sooner or later, the hearty and generous acceptance
of the legitimate results of the revolution
have not yet been realized. Difficult and embarrassing
questions meet us at the threshold of this
subject. The people of those States are still impoverished,
and the inestimable blessings of
wise, honest and peaceful local self-government
are not fully enjoyed. Whatever difference of s
opinion may exist as to me cause <u im? cumu
tion of things, the fact is clear that in the prog- i
ress of events the time has come when such gov-. <
ernment is the imperative necessity required by' ]
all the varied interests, public and private, of f
those States. But it must not be forgotten that ]
only a local government, which recognizes and t
maintains inviolate the rights of all, is a true self- f
government. With respect to the two distinct
races whose peculiar relations to each other have
brought upon us the deplorable complications
and perplexities which exist in those States, it '
must be a government which guards theinterests
of both races carefully and equally. It must be
a government which submits loyally and heartily <
to the constitution and the laws, the laws of the '
nation and the laws of the States themselves, ac- <
cepting and obeying faithfully the whole consti- <
tion as it is. Resting upon this sure and substan- ,
tial foundation, the superstructure of beneficent
local governments can be built up, and not oth- <
erwise. In furtherance of such,obedience to the i
letter and spirit of the constitution, and in behalf
of all that its attainment implies, all so-called
party interests lose their apparent Importance, 1
ana party lines may well be permitted to fade in- i
to insignificance. The question we have to con- .
sider for the immediate welfare of those States of
the Union, is the question of government or no 1
government; of social order and all the peaceful j
industries, and the happiness that belong to it, or .
a return to barbarism. It is a question in which
every citizen of the nation is deeply interested, '
and with respect to which we ought not to be, in i
a partisan sense, either Republicans or Demo- f
crats, but fellow-citizens and fellow-men, to
whom the interests of a common country and a f
common humanitv are dear. i
The sweeping revolution of the entire labor
system of a large portion of our country, and the
advance of 4,000,000 people from a condition of
servitude to that of citizenship upon an equalJoot-_
ing with (.hull tin mer masters, cotllj riot occur
without presenting problems of the gravest moment
to be dealt with, by the emancipated race,
by their former masters and by the general government?the
author of the act of emancipation
That it was a wise, just and providential act,
fraught with good for all concerned, is now generally
conceded throughout the country. That a
moral obligation rests upon the national government
to employ its constitutional power and influence
to establish the rights of the people it has
emancipated, and to protect them in the enjoyment
of those rights when they are infringed or
assailed, is also generally admitted.
The evils which afflict the Southern States can
only be removed or remedied by the united and
harmonious efforts.of both races, actuated by motives
of mutual sympathy and regard; and while
i in duty bonnd and fully determined to protect
the rights of all, by every constitutional means at
the disposal of my administration, I am sincerely
anxious to use every legitimate influence in
favor of honest and efficient local self-government,
as the true resource of those States for the promotion
of the contentment and prosperity of their
citizens. In the effort I shall make to accomplish
thia r>n mnsfl. I ask the cordial co-operation oT all
who cherish an interest in the welfare of the
country, trusting that party ties and the prejudice
of race'will bo freely surrendered in behalf of the
great purpose to be accomplished.
In the important work of restoring the South,
it is not the political situation alone that merits
attention. The material development of that section
of the country has been arrested by the social
and political revolution through which it has
passed, and now needs and deserves the considerate
care of the national government, within just
limits prescribed by the constitution and wise
public economy ; but at the basis of all prosperity,
for that as well as for every other part of the
country, lies the improvement of the intellectual
and moral condition of the people. Universal
suffrage should reftt upon universal education.
To this end liberal and permanent provision
should be made for the support of free schools by
the State governments, and, if needed, supplemented
by legitimate aid from national authority.
Let me'assure ray countrymen of the Southern
States that it is my earnest desire to regard and
promote their truest interests, the interests of
the white and of the colored people both, and
equally, and to put forth my hest efforts in behalf
of a civil policy which will forever wipe out, in
our political affairs, the color line and thedistinc;
tion i etween North and South, to the end that we
any have not merely a united North or a united
South, .but a united country.
I ask the attention of the public to the para
mount necessity of reform in our civil service?a v
reform not merely as to certain abuses and prac- (
tices of so-called official patronage, which have
come to have the sanction of usage in the several j;
departments of our government, but a change in ?
the system of appointment itself. A reform that s
shall be thorough, radical and complete. A return
to the principles and practices of the founders
of the government. They neither expected nor I
desired from public officers any partisan service, r
They meant that public officers should owe their
whole service to the government and to the peo- .
Ele. They meant that the public officer should 1
o secure in his tenure as long as hiB personal c
character remained untarnished and the perform- anceof
his duties satisfactory. They held that
appointments to office were not to be made nor 1
expected merely as a reward for partisan services, t
nor merely of "the nomination of members of *
Congress as being entitled in any respect to the
control of such appointments. The fact that both u
the great political parties of the country, in de- t
daring their principles prior to the election, gave j
a prominent place to the subject of reform of our
civil service, recognizing anci strongly urging its ?
necessity in terms almost identical in their specific
import with those I have here employed, (
must be accepted as a conclusive argument in behalf
of those measures. It must be regarded as J
the expression of the united voice and will of the (
whole country upon this subject; and both polit- t
ical parties are virtually pledged to give it their r
unreserved support. The President of the United 1
Stages, of necessity, owes his election to office to \
I the suffrage and zealous labors ot a political par.- r
i tv, the members of which cherish with ardor and
| regard as of essential importance the principles of 6
their party organization; but ho should strive to a
be always mindful of the fact that he serves his r
party who serves the country best. In furtherance
of the reform we seek, and in other important
respects, and a change of great importance, I re- c
! commend an amendment to the constitution pro- r
j soribinga term of six years for the Presidential
j office, and forbidding a re-election, c
With respect to the financial condition of the (
i t chaii nnt.nttflmnt an extended history ?
I of the embarrassment ancf prostration which we ^
J have suffered during the past three years. The *
; depression in all our varieci commercial and man;
ufacturing interests throughout the country, :
! which began in September, 1873, still continues. -J
i It is very gratifying, however, to be able to say "
j that there are indications all around us of a com- f
J ing change to prosperous times. j
I Upon the currency question, intimately connected
as i| is with this topic, I may be permitted F
to repeat here the statement made "in my letter of t
acceptance?that in my judgment the feeling of e
uncertainty inseparable from an irredeemable .
paper currency, with its fluctuations of values, is 1
one of the greatest obstacles to a return to pros- e
perous times. The only safe paper currency is r
one which rests upon a coin basis, apd is at all *
tinges and promptly convertible into coin. I adhere
to the vievys heretofore expressed by the tn
favor of Congressional legislatirtn in behalf of an
early resumption of specie payment, and I am
satisfied not only that this is wise, but that the !
interests as well as the public sentiment of the h
country imperatively demand it, j E
Passing from these remark* upon the condition J
of oqr own country to consider opr relations with ?
other |anc]s, we ape reminded by the international
complications abroad, threatening the peace of D
Europe, that our traditional rule of non-interferince
in the affairs of foreign nations has proved
>f great value in past times, and ought to be
itrictly observed. The policv inaugurated by my
lonored predecessor, President Grant, of submitlug
to arbitration grave questions in dispute be;ween
ourselves and foreign powers, points to a
lew and incomparable mode of nettling interna;ional
disputes?the best instrumentality of the
preservation of peace?and will, as I believe, besome
a beneficent example of the course to be
pursued in similar emergencies by other nations,
[f, unhappily, questions of difference should, at
iny time anringthe period of my administration,
irise between the United States and any foreign
government, it will certainly be my disposition
ind my hope to aid in their settlement in the
same peaceful and honorable way?thus securing
o our country the great blessings of peace ana
mutual good offices with all the nations of the
world.
Fellow-citizens, we have reached the close of a
political contest marked by the excitement which
iisually attends the contests between political paries,
whose members espouse and advocate^.with
jarnest faith, their respective crqeds. The cirinmstances
were, perhaps, in no respects extraprdinary,
save in the closeness and the consequent
mcertainty ef the result. For the first time in
fie history of the couutry, it has been deemed
pest, in view of the peculiar circumstances of the
ia.se, that the objections and questions in dispute
with reference to the counting of the electoral
rotes, should be referred to the decision of a tripunaf
appointed for this purpose. That tribunal,
istablisned by law for the sole purpose, its mempei.*s,
all of them, men of long established reputa;ion
for integrity and intelligence, and with the
>xception of those who are also members of the
tupreme judiciary, chosen equally from both poitlcal
parties, its deliberations enlightened oy
he research and the argument of able counsel,
vas entitled to the fullest confidence of the Amercan
people. Its decisions have been" patiently
iwaited and accepted as legally conclusive by the
general judgment of the public. For the present,
>pinion will widely vary as to the wisdom of the
leveral conclusions announced by that tribunal,
[fiis is to be anticipated In every instance where
natters of dispute are made the* subject of arbi,ration
under the forms of law. Human judg
?' miff iu rorAlv refrarried
IHMIt in JICTDi unuiiiu^, c??*v? m> . U. W.J .
is otherwise than wrong by the unsuccessful pary
in the contest. The fact that two great politi?1
parties have in this way settled a dispute, in
egard to which good men differ as to tne facts
ind the law, no less than as the proper course to
je pursued in solving the question in controversy,
is occasion for general rejoicing. Upon one
joint there is entire unanimity in public sentinent?that
conflicting claims to the Presidency
nust be amicably and peacefully adjusted, and
bat when so adjusted, the general acquiescence
>f the nation ought surely to follow. It has been
eserved for a government of the people, where
;ho right of suffrage is universal, to give to the
world the first example in the history of a great
lation, in the midst of a struggle of opposing
parties for power, hushing its party tumults to
pield the issue of the contest to adjustment acjording
to the forms of law.
Looking for the guidance of that Divine hand
t>y which the destinies of nations and individuals
ire shaped, I call upon yoil Senators, Represenatives,
Judges and fellow-fttizens, here and everywhere,
to unite with me in an earnest effort to
secure to our country the blessings not only of
naterial prosperity, bnt of justice, peace and unon.
A union depending not upon the constraint
if force, but upon the loving devotion of a free
seople; and that all things may be so ordered and
lettled upon the best and surest foundations that
peace and happiness, truth and justice, "religion
ind piety may bo re-established among us for all
generations.
mnciu wrrriRTva npi\in\.
3upreme Court?Ex-parte Tilda Stephens, alias
Tilda Norris?Opinior by Willard, A. J.
A final order was made in this case on the
27tb day of February last past, with the conjurrence
of Associate Justice Wright, at a
:onference of the court on that day, from
which the Chief Justice was absent by reason
jf severe illness. The order in question'terminated
the present proceedings by habeas
wrpus by discharging the prisoner. At the
request of Associate Justice Wright, I suspended
the filing of the order until Saturday
)f this week. On Thursday an.opinion was
placed in my hand by the Clerk of the Court,
purporting to be the opinion of Judge Wright,
ilthough not endorsed with his signature in
;he customary manner. This opinion was
iccompanied by a memorandum having the
lignature of Judge Wright, purporting to be
i revocation of the previous order in which
le had concurred.
Without receiving any subsequent coromulication
from Judge Wright, I attended the
luant to adjournment.
It was my intention to express orally, at
;hat time, the results to which I had arrived
is to the questions involved in the case, but
n consequence of the absence of Judge Wright
Uq Annrf aia a nonodaarilv adionrned. and no
fUO WUi 1/ 1IMU uvvwv>?> mj ??J !
ipportunity afforded for swell statement. I
leem it important, in view of the important
juestions involved, deeply affecting the interest
and feelings of the people of the State, and
n view of the anomalous and unprecedented
iharapter of the recent proceedings taking
ilace before a court of last resort, to put on
-ecord a brief statement of the results arrived
it by myself, intending to place them in the
orra of a formal opinion at the earliest practicable
moment.
My conclusions are:
1. That, according to the returns of the
managers of election in the several counties,
nade in duplicate, and one copy thereof
;ransmitted, sealed, to the Secretary of State,
ind the other filed in the office of the respec;ive
clerks of the courts of the several counties,
Wade Hampton received the highest
lumber of votes for the office of Governor of
;his State at the election held on the 7th day
if November last.
That such being the fact, he became Govirnor
of this State by direct declaration of the
^institution, contained in the following words:
'The person having the highest number of
rotes shall be Governorthere having been
30 contest of tbe votes lor ijovernor, recoglized
by a concurrent resolution of the two
souses of the General Assembly, as prescribed
3y law, under the authority of the .constitu;ion,
contained in these words: "Contested
dections for Governor shall be determined by
,he General Assembly in such manner as
ihall be prescribed by law." (Art. 3, sec. 5.)
That inasmuch as no contest existed under
he constitution, and no two persons bad
equally the highest number of votes, the Gen;ral
Assembly had no function to perform,
except to establish by law a day on which he
ihould be installed; that day being required
)y the constitution to be during the first seslion
of the Legislature.
That the only object of the opening and
jublication of the returns was, in such a case,
lotice of the facts disclosed by the returns.
I also conclude that the provision declarng
the person Receiving the highest Bumber
if votes, according to the returns communisated
to the Secretary of State and filed with
he clerks of the oourts, is independent of
bat preceding it, prescribing the duties of
he Speaker of the House of Representatives,
is it regards opening and publishing the returns
in the presence of the houses; so that
f the latter is unperformed the former is enitled
to full force and effect.
2. I conclude that the acceptance by Mr.
Chamberlain of the declaration of an unauhorized
body to the effect that he was elected
xovernor, and taking the oath of office theremder,
was an unlawful usurpation of the ofice
of Governor, inconsistent with the provisions
of the constitution in reference to the
ight to hold over until his successor is electd
and duly qualified, and does not present
i case for holding over within the contemilation
and intent of the constitution.
S T pnnnlnrie t.hat Mr. Chamberlain is not
apable of being duly recognized as de facto
Governor, as he is withont the recognition or
ooperation of the popular branch of the
jeneral Assembly, and by reason thereof inapable
in point of fact to execute the funcions
of Governor.
4. I hold that no executive, legislative or
udicial act is requisite to fulfill any condiion,
or remove any obstruction, impeding the
ull execution of the purpose and intent of
he clause of the constitution deolaring the
person receiving the highest number of votes
o be Governor, and that Wade Hampton is
ntitled to claim the efficacy of that clause of
he constitution, and in virtue thereof is Govrnor
of the State of South Carolina, and his
iardou duly issued is entitled to be respected,
A, J, WlM<AR?,
Presiding Justice,
?T, ? *
a^rThe improvements in the long-range firemis
have made the bayonet and sabre comparatively
innooent playthings. During the
iVanoo-Prussian war only twenty one men
?ere killed on the German side by the bayonet
and lance, and but six in cavalry charges.
LOCAL AFFAIRS.
t i
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Latimer A Hemphill.?New Goods.
John C. Kuykendal.?An Advertisement?Old
Cases?Wholesale Agency?No Irish Need
Apply?Liquid Pepsin?No Name.
Kennedy Bros." A Barron. -New Goods?Fine
Coffees?Flour?New Orleans Molasses?To
Our Friends?Plow *Steel?Canned Goods.
Hunter A Oats.?Dry Goods?Bargains?Dress
Goods and Prints?Genta' and Boys' Hats?
Gents' Furnishing Goods?Crockery and
Glassware?Hardware?Shoes.
H. F. Adickes?The first Gun for Spring fired at
the Corner?To Fellow Merchants.
T. M. Dobson A Co.? Goods Cheap fqr Cash?Cassimeres?Ready-Made
Clothing?Hoes?A
Buggy?Meal Bags?Axes?Piques?Garden
Seeds?Prints?Molasses?Coffee and
Sugar?Crackers?Essence of Coffee?Well
Chains?Bacon?Northern Checks?Cash
* Store?Calicoes?Dress Goods?Shoes and
Boots?Black Alpaca-How to make money.
W. Blake, Florist, Chester, 8. C,?Blake's Nursery
Garden. *
R. H. Glenn, 8. Y. C.?Sheriff's Sales?Judge of
Probate's 8ale.
H. C. Heise?Bakery and Confectionery.
SNOW LAST MONDAY.
* Last Monday was a genuine March day?
raw, blustery and disagreeable generally?answering
admirably to Mark Twain's description
of New England weather, one day of
which furnishes an assortment of that which
in other climates is enjoyed only in regular
seasons. First, it rained, then hailed, sleeted,
and finally snowed,.winding bp with a clear
evening, the temperature remaining quite
cool. '
COLUMBIA REGISTER.
The increasing business of the above daily
having randflifd mono aoimnoiiionn ijuni turn
necessary, the publication office has been removed
to the large rooms over Seeger's store,
formerly used as Democratic headquarters in
Columbia. The typographical appearance of
the Register has also been greatly improved..
1 We note these evidences of success with pleasure,
wishing.the Register the full measure to
which the enterprise of its publishers and the
ability of its editors entitle it.
TRIAL JUSTICES QUALIFIEp.
The following Trial Justices for this county,
appointed by Governor Hampton, have
qualified before the Clerk of the Court for
the performance of the duties devolving upon
them as such officers: P. B. Darwip, J. 8.
Lewis, A. L. Nunnery, R. T. Gillespie, 6. L.
Davidson, D. M. Wallace, J. J. L. Gill, J. C.
Chambers.
We learn that the following have also qualified
and are in the discharge of their duties^
3. M. Fewell, B. F. Powell and R . L. Crook.
THE HAMPTON TAX*
i -.j-tfcJt;
Up to this date the total amount of the
Hampton tax of 10 per cent, paid in by the
tax-payere of York county, is $4,926.00. Thia
sum has been contributed by 1,298 tax-payera,
of whom, the agent informs us, about
100 are colored citizens, the greater number
of them paying tax on property.
Dr. Robertson requests us to announce that,
as heretofore, he will be 'in Yorkville on
Monday and Tuesday of each week for the
purpose of receiving additional payments,
and in bis absence payments will he.received
by J. F. Wallace, Esq., Clerk of the Court,
who will have the books in charge, and is
authorized to give receipts. ,
8 ales-Day. a
On Monday last?sales-day for March?
the Sheriff sold the following real estate:
By virtue of writ of fieri faeiae, 900 acres
of land levied on as the property of D. H.
- WhiUi. Duught by a Br White for 11,770.
By virtue of au order of the Courts the
laud whereon,W. M. Kerr now resides, near
the town of Yorkviile?100 acree.~ Bought
by T. A. Moore for $500.
By virtue of an order of the Court, on
complaint for foreclosure of mortgage, 397i
acres of land?property of B. J. Massey.
Bought by W. L. Roddy for $1,000.
By order of the Judge of Probate, lands
of the estate of Isaac Spencer, deceased?114 '
acres. Bought by A. B. Springs, at $3.70
per acre. Also, reversionary interest of. 60
acres in same tract Bought by A. B..Springs
for $130.
By order of the Judge of Probate, lands.
of the estate of Samuel Wylie, deceased?
,150 acres. Bought by J. F. Hart, for $2.50 *
per acre.
EDITORIAL INKLINGS. 1
Judge Xackey's Tiews.
On being asked what was his legal
opinion as to the effect of Judge Wright's attempted
retraction, Judge Mackey replied ta
bis interviewer as follows: ?
The so-called cancellation of Judge Wright
of his signature to the order which discharged
Tilda Stephens, and thereby decided that
Hampton is the legal Governor of the State,
can have no effect to invalidate the decision
of the Court. The judgment of a court <?,
last resort can only be reviewed by the cou*
itself. ' The two justices who rendered the
judgment in this case constitute the judicial
unit termed the Court. Neither, separately,
can constitute himself a Court of review as
to a cause determined dy the uourt tn oane.
The judgment is the expression of tbeir concurrent
conclusion. The 'order is a statement
of the conclusion, not of ene.justice, or
of the two justices, but of the legal entity
termed the Court. The filing of the order ?
simply the publication of the judgmeot. To
hold that, after the order is signed by the
Court, one justice can set it aside, as is intended
by this alleged cancellation, is to constitute
one of the justices a court of review
over the Supreme Court itself. The filing of
the order has this effect, that the Court cannot
set it aside, except upon a proper motion^
but it in nowise is requisite to render it a.
complete and final judgment * ,
Receipts and Disbursements.
Johnson Hagood, the acting comptroller
and treasurer, has published a statement
of the receipts and disbursements by the
Hampton government from December 14th,
1876, to March 2,1877, from which we compile
the following:
RECEIPTS.
Contributions on acoount of taxes from '
the various counties, $H9,432.41 '
Offloe fees received, ; 709,36
$120,141.77
DISBURSEMENTS, .
Judicial Department?Salaries,.... $6,439.40*
Legislative Expenses 11,002.75.
Executive DepartmentSalaries,
$2,091.63
Messenger, 40.00
2,T31.6S
Penitentiary, ., 4,824.24
Lunatic Asylum, 8,449.70
Deaf, Dumb and Blind Institute...... 1,586.32
State Orphan Asylum, ? 1,000.00
Printing and Stationery,...,,,.... % 492.00
Telegrams, .'. 113.70
Legal expenses, witness fees, briefs, Ac., 700.00
Governor'scontingent fhnd,.v.. 850.00
Postage, fuel, furniture and petty expenses,
143.85
Express on remittances,.,...... 60 00
$37 794.04
On deposit in different banks $82'.347.13
I - ?:
. #120,141.77
Seeking Light by a $100,000 Spectroscope.
The singular conduct of Judge Wright,
in the famous Tilda Stephens case, is possibly
explained in the following account of an interview
that official sought with Governor
Hampton on Tuesday of last week, the dap
he signed the order to release the penitentiaryconvict.
The correspondent of the Nemandl
Courier gives the following account of' theinterview
as related to him by GovernorHampton
:
Without being partfcdfor in regard to the.
order of the remarks* the following is sub