Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, November 29, 1866, Image 1
lewis m. grist, propnator.j fubepeitbtnt Jfantils ftcluspaptr: Jfor t|e promotiffii of tjjc political, Social, Agricultural anb Commercial Interests of t|e Sontj). jteems?yeai^? ad vakce
VOLUME XII. YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MOMIXG, NOVEMBER 29, 1866. NUMBER 32.
Original |1ortn).
For the Yorkville Enquirer.
'TIS NIGHT.
'Tts night, and all around Is darkness.
The fitful wind, in plaintive murmurs sighing,
Scatters the glories of Autumn's brightness,
And nature sad, beholds her beauties dying ;
The monarch trees and shrubs of every hue and grade.
Seem weeping for their charms?so soon to fade.
Tis night?and I sit dreaming?listless,
Scarce thinking?but my thoughts are roving,
My mind?it is not calm, but fevered?restless,
Fast through tne realms of fancy moving ;
Methinks I am not living raid scenes of earth,
But stray beyond where spirits have their birth.
Tls night?its gloomy shadows round me press,
As dreaming where I sit?their forms In size keep growing,
Till hov'ring on their ebon wings they seem in words to
address
Whisperings in my ears, that move my tears to flowing;
Methinks they speak of joys that soon must pass away,
And leavee the heart to saddening gloom a prey.
Tis night?my soul is sick from weariness,
Though flitting forms no longer round me crowding,
Beset me with their mock address,
But leave me to my thoughts?while memories shrouding
The buried hopes of happier days gone by,
Learne e'en to forget them where they lie.
%, Sketch
THE GERMAY STUDENT'S STORY.
?I have myself,' said Kreutzner, 'witnessed
maDy duels; but we are not so
bloodthirsty generally speaking, as your
moral Americans. We usually settle these
matters with a sword, a better method, by
the way, and more worthy of a soldier
than your cold, murderous pistol firing.
Aoy poltroon may pull a trigger, but it requires
the firm hand and steady eye of a
man to manage the steel. However, as I
was saying, when I was at Jena they called
each other out as merrily as beaux and belles
to a dance. It was but the treading on a
toe?the brushing of an elbow; nay, an
accidental look that fell on them when they
?i-L -J nn/i fko norf riot?
WISUCU UUl uuacivauuu, auu >uc uvi?
or, by St. Andrew, the oext hour, there was
a clash of steel, and the stamping of feet
on the greensward; and the kindling and
flashing of fiery eyes?and plunge and parry,
and cut and thrust, till one or both lay
at length; a pass through the body?a
gash open in the cheek?the skull cleft
down, or a hand off, aod the blooa bubbling
and gushing forth like a rill of mountain
water. There were more than one of these
fellows?devils, I must say, who, when
they found among them some strange student,
timid or retir.d, with whose character
they were unacquainted, or whose courage
they doubted, would pass the hint out of
mere sport; brush his skirt, charge the
offence upon him, demand an apology too
humble for a hare and dismiss him from the
adventure only with an open shoulder, or
daylight through his body.
'There was one fellow among us Darned
Mentz, who assumed, and wore with impunity
the character of head bully. He
was foremost iD all the deviltry His pistol J
was death, and bis broadsword cut like the
scissors of fate. It was curious to see the
fellow fire?one, two, three, and good bye
to bis antagonist. His friendship was
courted by all; for, to be his enemy was to
lie in a bloody grave. At length, grown
fearless of being called to account, he took
in insnlfiner sfrnnaprs. and even wo
?""" M" r. P---J ^ men
His appearance was formidable; a
great burly giant, with shaggy black hair,
huge whiskers, and grim mustaches, three
inches long, twirled under his nose. A
eort of beauty he had too; and among the
women?heaven help us?wherever those
mustaches showed themselves every opponent
abandoned the ground. It was, at
last, really dangerous to have a sweetheart;
for out of pure bravado, Mentz would push
forward, make love to the lady, frighten
her swain, snd either terrify or fascinate
herself. Should the doomed lover offer
any resistance, he had no more to do but
call a surgeon; and happy he considered
himself if he escaped with the loss of his
teeth or an eye. He had killed four men
who never injured him?wounded seven
teen, and fought twenty duels. He once
challenged a whole club who had blackballed
him unanimously; and was pascified
only by being re admitted, though all the
members immediately resigned and the club
was broken up.
<At last there came a youth into the uni
versity?slender, quiet and boyish lookiogt
with a handsome face, though somewha,
pale. His demeanor, though generally shy,
was noble and self possessed. He had been
but a short time with us, bowevcr, before
he was set down as a cowardly creature,
and prime game for the 'devils broke loose/
as the band of Mentz termed themselves.
The coy youth sbuoned all the riots and
?- * 1.^1
revels of the uuiversuy?msuiiea no uuej
sod if his mantle brushed against that of
another, apologized so immediately, so grace
fully and so gently, that the devil himself
could not have fixed a quarrel upon him
It soon appeared, too, that Gertrude, the
lovely daughter of the Baron de Saale?
the toast of all the country?upon whom
the most of us had gazed as on something
quiet above us?it soon appeared that the
girl loved this youthful stranger Now
Mentz has singled Gertrude out for himself,
and avowed his preference publicly. Arnold,
for thus was the new student called,
waB rarely, if ever, tempted to our feasts;
but once he came unexpectedly on a casual
invitation. To the great surprise of the
company Mentz himself was there, and
eeated himself unabashed at the table,
though ao uubidaen guest. The strongest
curiosity at once arose to witness the result,
for Mentz had sworn that he would compel
Arnold, on their first meeting, to beg pardon
on his knees for the audacity of having addressed
his mistress. It had not appeared
that Arnold knew anything of Mentz's
character, for he sat cheerfully and guyly
at the board, with so much the manners of
' a highborn gentleman, that every one admitted
at onece his goodness, his grace and
; his beauty, and regretted the abyss on the
j brink of which he unconsciously stood.
'What, bo !' at length shouted Mentz, as
the evening bad a little advanced ; 'a toast!
Come?drink it all; and he who refuses is
a poltroon and a coward. I quaff this
goblet filled to the brim?to the health and
happiness of Gertrude deSaale?the fairest
" ' i rxr i _i_ _ i ... .
ot trie rair l w no says ne nuuwo ? iauci 10
a black liar, and I will write the word od bis
forehead with a red hot brand.'
Every goblet was emptied but one,
which stood untasted?uctouobed On
perceiving this, the ruffian leaned forward,
fixed his eyes on the cup, struck bis brawny
hand down fiercely on the table, which
returned a thundering crash and rattle,
and then repeated, in a voice husky with
rage?
'There is a cup full: by St. Anthony I
I will make the owner swallow its measure
of molten lead, if it remain thus one iustant
longer.'
'Drink it, Arnold?drink it, boy ; keep
thy hand oat of useless broils,' whispered
a student near him, rather advanced
iD age.
'Drink, friend,' muttered another, dryly,
'or he wili not be slow in doing his threat.
I promise thee.'
'Empty the cup mau!' cried a third,
'never frown and turn pale, or thy young
head will lie lower than thy feet, ere tomorrow's
sunset.'
'It is Meotz the doelist,' said the fourth
'Dost not know his wondrous skill. He
will kill thee as if thou wert a deer, if thou
oppose him in bis wine. He is more
merciless thaa a wild boar. Drink, man,
driuk!'
'During this interesting scene, the youth
had remained motionless, oool, and silent
A slight palor, bat evidently more of indignation
tban fear, came over bis handsome
features; aod bis eyes, dilated with
emotion, resting full aod clear upon Mentz
'By the mass, gentlemen I' he said at
length, 'lam a stranger here, and ignorant
of the manner prevalent in universities;
but if yonder person be sane, aod this is no
joke?'
'Joke!' thundered Mentz, foaming at
the lip.
'I must tell you that I came from a part
of the country where we neitbor give nor
take such jokes, or such insults.'
Hast thou taken leave of thy friends?
said Mentz, partly hushed by astonishment,
'and art thou tired of life, that thou burriest
on so blindly to a bloody pillow!
Boy ! drink, as I have told thee, toGertrude,
fairest of the fair!' And his huge round
eyes opened, like those of a bull upon a
darling victim.
'That Gertrude de Saale is fair and lovely,
oried the youth, rising, 'may not be
denied by me But?1 demand by what
misohance I find her name this night common
at a board of rioters, and polluted by
the lips of a drunkard aod a ruffian?'
'By the bones of my father,' said Mentz,
in a tone of deep and deadly anger, which
had ere then appalled many a stout heart?
?by the bones of my father, your fate is
sealed! Be your blood upon your own
head. But,' said he, observing that the
youth instead of cowering bore himself
more loftily, 'what folly is this! Drink,
1-J I T I .1 I T
ihu, unua . c*uu x nuit iucc uut* x iu?c
thy gallant rearing, and my game in not
such as thou.'
?He added this with a wavering manner
which had never before been witnessed in
him, for never before had he been opposed
so calmly and so fiercely; and, for a moment,
he quailed beneath the fiery glances
darted at him from one he had supposed !
meeker than the dove. But, ashamed of |
his transieut fear he added :
'Come to me, poor child ! bring with
thee thy goblet?bend at my foot?quaff it
as I said, and?out of pity?I spare thy
young head '
What was the astonishment of the com
pany on beholding .Arnold, as if effectually
cowed by a moment's reflection, and the
ferocious enmity of so celebrated and deadly
a foe, actually do as he was commanded.
He rose, took the cup, slowly approached
the seat of bis insulter, knelt and raised the
rim to his lips. Murmurs of shame, shame,
poltroon, coward ?' came hot and thick from
the group of spectators who had risen in
the excitement of their curiosity, and stood
eagerly bending forward, with every eye
fixed upou the object of their contempt.
A grim smile of savage triumph distorted the
features of Mentz, who shouted, with a
hoarse and drunken laugh-'Drink
deep?down with it to the
dregs '
'Arnold, however only raised the rim to
his lips and waited a moment in silence
with an expression so scornful and composed
! that the hisses and exclamations were again
: quelled ; when every souod has ceased to a
: dead silence.
Never' he said, 'shall I refuse to drink
to the glory of a name I once loved and
honored?Gertrude, fairest of the fair!
But, he added, suddenly rising and drawing
up his figure, with a dignity that sileni
ced every breath, 'for thee, thou drunken,
bragging, foolish beast! I scorn?I spit
upon?I defy tbee ! and thas be puD.
j ished thy base, brutal, insolence, and tby
stupid presumption.'
'As be spoke he dashed the contents of
| the ample goblet full in the face of Mentz,
i and then with all his strength, burled the
massy goblet itself at the same mark The
giant reeled and staggered a few paces back,
and amid the shining liquor on his drenched
{ clothes and dripping features, a small stream
! of blood was observed to trickle down his
forehead.
'Never before was popular feeling more
suddenly and violently reversed. The object
of their vilest exeorations flashed upon
them with the immediate brightness of a
i superior being. A loud and irresistible
burst of applause broke from every lip, till
the broad and heavy rafters above their
heads, and the very foundations of the
floor, shook and trembled. But the peal
of joy and approbation sooo ceased; for although
this inspiring drama had so nobly
commenced it was uncertain how it might
terminate. Before the tyrant bad recovered
from the stunned and bewildered trance into
which the blow, combined with shame,
grief, astonishment and drunkenness, had
thrown him, several voices, after the obstroperous
calls for silence, usual^on such
occasions, addrersed the youth who stood
cool and erect, with folded arms awaiting
the course of events.
'Brave Arnold ! Noble Arnold ! A gallant
deed. The blood of a true gentleman
in his veins!'
'But, canst thou fight,' cried one.
'I am only a simple student, and an artist
by profession. I have devoted myself to
the pencil?not to the sword '
-But thou canst use it a little?canst not?'
asked another.
'But indifferently,'answered the youth.
'Aud how art thou with a pistol ?' demanded
a third.
'My hand is unpractised,' replied Arnold.
<1 have no skill in shedding human blood.'
'Fore heaven ! then rash boy, what has
tempted thee to this fatal extremity ?'
'Hatred of oppression,'replied the youth,
in all its forms and a willingness to die
rather than submit to insult'
Die then thou shalt and that ere to-mor
row's sun shall set!' thundered Mentz, starting
up in phrensy, and with a hoarse and
broken voice that made the hearts of the
hearers shudder as if at the bowl of a dog
or a demon. 'I challenge the to mortal combat.'
'And I acoeDt the challenge.'
'It is for thee to name the time, place
and weapon; but, as thou lovest me, let it
not be longer than to morrow night, or I
shall burst with rage and impatience.'
?I love thee not, base dog I' replied Arnold
; 'but thou sbalt not die so inglorious
a death. I will fight thee, therefore tonight.'
By heaven, boy !' cried Mentz, more and
more surprised, 'thou art in haste to sup in
hell !' and the roffian lowered his voice.?
'Art thou mad V
'Be that my chance,' answered Arnold ;
'I shall not be likely to meet, even in bell,
a companion so bruial as thou?unless,
which I mean shall be the case, thou bear
me company.'
'And your weapons V said Mentz.
'Are here,' oried Arnold, drawing them
from his bosom ; 'a surer pair never drew
blood The choice is yours.'
'To night then be it,' said Mentz ; 'though
to-night my hand is not steady; for wine
and anger are no friends to the oerves.'
Dot h you refuse me then ?' demanded
the youth with a sneer.
'By the mass, no ! but to-oight is dark;
the moon is down; the stars are clouded,
and the wind goes by in heavy puffs and
gusts. Hear it even now.
Therefore,' said the youth, apparently
more coldly composed as his fierce rival
grew more perceptibly agitated?'therefore
will we lay down our lives here?in this
ball?on this spot?on this iostant?even
as thou standest now.'
'There is no one here who will be my
friend,' said Mentz; so evidently sobered
and subdued by the siugular composure and
self possession of his antagonist, that all
present held him in contempt, and no one
stirred.
'No matter,' oried Arnold ; I will myselfforego
the same privileges.'
The company began now to fancy that
Arnold had equivocated in disclaiming skill
as a duelist; and from his invincible com
posure, thought him a more fatal master of
the weapon than the bully himself. The
latter also partook of this opioion.
Young man,' he cried, in a voice cloud
ed and low; but stopped and said no fur.
ther.
Your choioe !' said Arnold, presenting
the pistols.
Mentz seized one desperately and said?
Now name your distance '
Blood thirsty wolf J' said Arnold, there
shall be no distance !' He then turned and
addressed the company :
Gentlemen,' said he, deem me not either
; savage or insane, that I sacrifice myself and
the brutal wretch thus before your eyes,
and to certain and instant destruction.?
! For me, I confess I have no valuo in life.
1 1
: Her whom I loved I have sworn to forget;
, and if I existed a thousand years, should
probably never see again. This ruffian is a
'coward, and fears to die; though he does
i not fear daily to merit bis death. I have
\ long heard of his baseness, and regard bim
as assassin?the eoemy of the human race
and of God?a dangerous beast?whom it
will be a mercy and a virtue to destroy. My
I own life I would well be rid of, but would
, not fling it away idly when its loss may be
made subservient to the destruction of vice
and the relief of humanity. Hero then, I
: yield my breath ; and here, too, this trembling
and shrinking coward shall cIobo his
I oourse of debauchery and murder. My com
; panions, farewell; should any one of you
I hereafter chance to meet Gertrude de Saale,
i tell her I nobly flung away a life which her
! falsehood had made me despise. 'And now,
I recreant,' he said in a fierce tone, turning
| suddenly towards Mentz, 'plant thy pistol
| to my bosom, as I will plant mine to thine.
Let one of the company cry three, and the
I third number bo signal to fire.'
With an increased paleness in his couni
tenance, but with even more ferocity and
j firmness, Arnold threw off his cap, displayI
ing bis high brow and glossy ringlets. His
j lips were oioscd and firm j and his eyes,
: which glistened with a deadly glare, were
! fixed on Mentz. He then placed himself in
an attitude of firing ; broadened his exposed
chest full before his foe; and with a stamp
; of fury and impatience raised the weapon.
! The brow beaten buMy attempted to do the
same; but the pistol held loosely in his
grasp, whether byaccident orintention, wenl
off before the signal. Its contents passed
through the garments of Arnold who, levelling
the muzzle of his own cried calmly?
'On your knees, base slave ! vile dog !?
Down ! or yon die.
'Unable any longer to support his frame
the unmasked coward sunk on both koeet
and prayed for life with right earnest vche
menoe. Again wild shouts of applause and
delight, and peals of riotous laughter stuo
ned his ears. As he rose from his humiliating
posture, Arnold touched him contem
tuously with his toot, tiroans and nisses
now began to be mingled with several mis
sites. Mentr covered his face with hit
hands and rushed from the room. He wat
never subsequently seen among us.'
Coins and Coinage.
From an interesting article in the National
Intelligencer, on the above subject, we
present our readers with the following extracts
:
The history of coins and coinage is interesting
as well as instructive. There is
much doubt among antiquarians as to the
precise spot where the first ooins were made.
The Parian Chronicle attributes the custom
to Pheldon, who is said to have first stamped
or coined money on the Island of iEgina
B. C. 895. Herodotus, not the best authority.
asnrihea to the Lvdians the first
coins of gold and silver The gold stater,
produced at Miletus, on the shore of the
loarian Sea, is believed by many to have
been the first ooloed money, and it is certain
that the oldest coins extant are from
Ionia, in Asia Minor. The first known
copper ooins of Greeoe bear the date B. C.
897, but copper never became a ohief medium
with the Greeks. Silver coinage
commenced at Rome B. C. 200?gold at
B. 0. 204. Homer, which is, perhaps, the
most remarkable work in the world, as a
description of existing arts and customs,
makes no mention of coined money, and it
is very evident that no coins had been introduced
at that period, some nine hundred
years before Christ.
A metallic curreooy existed in Britain
previous to the Roman occupation. Under
the Romans the coin of England resembled
that of Rome, but a totally different coinage
was introduced by the Saxons. Skeattae
silver coins, worth abont four per cent,
less than the penny afterwards used, have
been discovered, and being without the sign
of the oross on them, it is evident that they
were coined prior to the conversion of King
Ethelbert, A. D. 597. Stycas, minute
coins of silver, copper, and tin, coined by
the Kings of Northumberland, about 670,
and remarkable for the excellence of their
workmanship, are extant. Silver pennies
worth about three of the present English
pennies, were introduced about 725, and
formed the principal English money till
some time after the Norman Conquest.?
Edward the Confessor issued a few gold
pennies, but no regular coinage took plaoe
till the time of Henry III , who forbade
the old and commanded a new coinage in
1 9^7 Anmmnnrtino flio nrftM nAlnoAO nf F.no.
l^vi j wuiujvnviuc; iuw ^viu vvtuw^w v>
land with a few gold peonies. Since then
the history of English coin is much better
defined.
It was not till about a hundred years
later, however?during the reign of Edward
III.?that gold coinage may be said
to have properly beeo established in England.
At first florins, half-florins, uud
quarter florins were issued; but the gold
nolle, named in honor of the nobility, immediately,
by royal orders, supplanted them.
This coin, with its reverse showing the
King at the helm of the Ship of State, is
the earliest specimen of great advaoce in
the art of coinage in England. It is well
known that in this reign the elegant arts
first began to receive marked attention.
Windsor Castle was rebuilt and the Order
of the Garter established at this time, and
English prose and poetry may be said to
have taken their origin at the same period.
During the Auglo-Saxon and early Anglo
Norman periods of English history gold
byzants were the legitimate circulation in
England and throughout Europe. These
coins were circulated from the niuth to the
fourteenth century, a period of five hundred
years; and Camden, writiog in the sixteenth
century, says that "a great piece of gold,
valued at ?15, which the King offered on
high festivals, is yet called a Bczantine,
which was annually ooined by the Emperors
of Constantinople." The Turks, at the
siege of Cmsarea, in 1102, hid these ooins
in their mouths. The Crusaders struck
their captives in the back of their necks,
and the coins were thus disgorged. One
writer declares that the bodies of the slain
were piled up and burnt for the purpose of
getting the byzants which they had swal
lowed. Similar coins of less value were
struck by otber countries.
The flrst brazen or copper coins, according
to Pliny, seem to have been made at
Rome, under Servius Tullus B C 578,
nearly 2,500 years ago. The matal was
called ass, and it is not certain whether it
contained any alloy of zinc, though it is
certain that it contained but a little if any
at all. The coin was called an at, which
became a common name, the gold coins
being known by the same term. The copper
as, which weighed one pound, was ca?t,
and specimens are extant adhering together
as they came from the mould They were
stamped with the images of cattle, (pecus,)
and henoe arose the word pecu?ua to signify
money. The as was as high in weight as
five pounds, and as small as the twelth part
of a pound, small balls cast upon the face
of the piece indicating the number of
ounces. On one side of the piece was the
head of JaDus, and on the other the prow
of the ship, and hence the boys of Rome,
instead of "head or tails/' sang ont "capita
i aat navem"?heads or prows?when they 1 I
I pitched coppers, and this was the cry in the ! t
game for centuries after the head and the \
, prow bad both disappeared from their s
! money. c
The British coins extant form a most in- p
, teresting and valuable collection. The col- f
j lections whioh have been preserved in pub- t
; lie and private museums embrace an f
I uubroken series of coins, running down c
from the earliest life of the nation through a
nil tlio rncnlnMnnfl of pc?rn kind whinh I f
j ~ ?J ? i
have transpired during the nation's growth J
I ; and existence. The illustrated works upon
! coins and coinage, which exist in volumes
j j sufficient to form a large library, show the
i fact that if thccmire written history of the '
, British islands were destroyed, and all mem- 1
i j ory of it forgotten, a very respectable histo- t
; ry could be constructed from these numisI
matic memorials. *
| The Process of coining was, in early 8
| time.-, accomplished by hammering ballets 1
| of metal flat and placing them between two I
j dies, the impression being secured by r
; heavy blows, with huge mallets. The 1
1 Ffench improved upon this method about F
' the middle of the sixteenth century, by the ^
application of the sorew The coining press 8
was invented in 1553, by Antoine Bruoher, *
and milled money was first coined by Eliza,
beth, in 1562, though it was not general in D
England till a hundred years later Boul- ^
ton invented his coining machine in 1788, 8
and the most of the coinage of the realm 8
was oarried on at his works, at Sobo, Bir- '
mingbam, till the mint was established, in
1810 0
The primitive money of the American 8
Indians, which under the name of wampum, 8
consisted of white shells, strung together,
was peculiar in the fact that, unlike any 8
other money in any part of the world, it ^
wag in itself worth only the labor involved 0
in its manufacture. The phells were abundaDt
on the seashore and required only to
be picked up and made into strings. This 8
money was used by the early white settlers v
of New Eogland. But we propose to de r
vote a second article exclusively to Arneri- ^
can coins and coinage. C1
The earlest mention of money in history
is found in the book of Geoises, where A- 11
braham is recorded as buying a held and *
cave in the land of Canaan, in which to r
bury his wife, for "four hundred sheokles of 9
silver current money," or, better translated, 3
"current with the merchant." This money a
was weighed, as they had no coin In one ^
of the Theban tombs, among the innumera- "
ble illustrations of ancient Egyptian cus- 8
toms, there is the picture of a scribe on the a
walls, with bis scales, his pencil, and his c
book, weighing out the wealth of his mas w
ter and recording the amount. In one
so&le is a weight representing a lamb and 0
in the other the pieces of the precious met- ^
al. This picture is interesting as an inter- 0
pretation of the faot that the word transla- *
ted pieces of silver in the Bible means also a
lamb and jusc weight. The lamb was thus a
used to determine the just weight of the ^
pieces of silver. Job's frieuds are thus rep- v
resented on oue occasion as bringing him 8
each a lamb or piece of money and an ear- ^
ring. 1
Gold and silver at this period was often u
put ioto rings, as both the pictures upon ^
Egytian monuments and ancient writers ^
show Rin?s. bracelets, and anklets were
io use then, as they are in fact now in ori 6
eDtal countries. The comiog of money be- 1
iog unknown to them, they formed their 1
gold into rings around the arms aud ankles
for preservation, and wheD wanted to sell 9
tlhe tioker was ready with his to<$ls to cut
them off and the scales wore at hand to a
weigh them. At the present day travellers t?
are often surprised in the East to see the e
poorest women with heavy rings thus upon 0
their limbs. The early Britaius used ring ^
money, and the fact is mentioned by Caesar ^
in his account of England, and be remarks P
that these rings had a fixed weight, being 81
used no doubt as we use coins. Ring mon- w
ey was used also in Gaul and in Northern ri
Europe before coinage existed. The rings b
are now found abundantly io various parts a
of England and Ireland, a quantity in 1832 a
being found at St. Quentin, France, of
which the intrinsic value of the gold was
nearly 86,000. 8
?
A Brave Woman.?L Hessick, who a
runs a pack train between Red Bluff and
Hayfork of Trinity, gives the particulars of
a daring and muscular exploit worthy a re- b
cord and Henry rifle. Mrs Sarah Don
nelson, formerly a resident of Red Bluff, is 11
living in a log bouse on the trail with her P
nhilHren anil her father A few davs apo ^
? J _ -O"
her father went out hunting9tock, and Mrs. CI
D. wa9 looking after her poultry a short 16
distance from the house. Suddenly five ; 01
Indians made their appearance. Mrs. D D
started for the house, and was intercepted j J1
by two Indians. Throwing them from her, | ?
a third caught her by the shoulder. She J ?!
knocked him down and reaching the house w
in safety,1 she barred the door The Indians
rested one or more rifles on the win- "
dow, leveled at the woman who approached T
them She took down her father'9 rifle and a
returned the fire of the Indians through the v
apertures or "chinks" of the log house.? P
On attempting to cock her gun Mr9. D. I "
found that the thumb of the right hand had b
been shot away by an Indian bullet, but D
using her left hand, she soon had the pleas- C1
ure of knowing that her would be murderers !
h:id retreated. whether with whole hides or P
not she could not tell. Muscle, courage : a
and self-possession won a victory, one agaiDSt a'
five?and that one a woman. We challenge j _
the State to exhibit aD instance in Indiun a
fighting, wherein a woman has acquitted 81
! herself tuoro creditably?Occidental {Cat- o:
xfornia) Vanguard. ! 0
- | tl
A Hint to Loverrs of Flowers.? el
A most beautiful and easily attained show ii
of evergreens may be had by a very simple
plan, which has been found to work remarkably
well on a small scale. If gerani- fl
, urn branches, taken from luxuriant and w
lealtby trees, jast before tbe winter sets in,
)e oat as for slips, and immersed in soap 1
rater, they will, after drooping a few days, i
hed tbeir leaves, pat forth fresh ones, and |
lontinae in tbe finest vigor all winter. By '
>lacicg a Dumber of bottles thas filled in 1
lower basket, with moss to conceal tbe bot- I
lea, a show of evergreen is easily seoored I
or the winter. All the different varieties <
if the plant being need, the various shades t
ind color of the leaves blend into a beanti- 1
ul effeot. They require no fresh water.? <
Jo says a lady who has tried it. ;
^ i
The Intelligence of Brutes. j
iiTk. n ~e ? >> ?
J.-IULU -x uc uaiujuutco ui naiurO) txu
ntereBting volume just published by the
\ppleioos, we extract the following para,
graphs od the intelligence of animals:
As the mammalia are man's nearest relaions
in a physical point of view, they are
dso endowed with an intelligence saperior
o that of the other animals, and not seldom
>rompting them to aotions which seem
ather to belong to the sphere of reason
han to that of brute instinct. The chirn
tanzee, for instance, will lock and unlock a
loor or drawer, will thread any needles
nd cannot be taken in by the same thing
wice
A dog in a monastery, perceiving that the
aonks received their meals by rapping at a
>uttery door, contrived to do so likewise,
nd when the allowance was poshed through
nd the door shut, ran off with it. This
?as repeated till the theft was detected.
Another dog, belonging to Mr. Taylor, a
lergyman who lived at Colton, near Wolely
Bridge, was accused of killing many
heep. Complaints were made to his masor,
who asserted that the thing was imposible,
because he was muzzled every night.
I'he neighbors persisted in the charge, the
log oue night was watched, and he was seen
o draw bis Deck out of the mnzzle, then
o go into a field and eat as muoh of a
heep as satisfied his appetite He next
rent into the river to wash his mouth, and
eturned afterward to his kennel, put bis
ead into the muzzle again, and lay very
uietly down to sleep.
Mr. Moreland, a surgeon in Paris, had
aken into his house the dog of a friend
7Vnnh hnrl Hrnkon Jfa lor* ontl rrnn^ nafn_ i
' U1UU UUVI V/UUIl IM IV^I uuu gvvu Ut?vuedly
cured it. Some time after the dog
cratched at the door of Mr. Moreland's
tudy, and, on being admitted, introduced,
nother dog to whom some accident bad
appeoed, and who could barldly crawl a}ng
after bis guide. The first dog plainly
bowed by bis caresses what be wanted,
nd the surgeon admiring bis sagacity, took
barge of bis protege and oured bim likewise.
As the elepbani surpasses all that breathes
n dry land in bulk and muscular power,
is mental faculties also assign to bim one
f the first places in the animal creation.
Vhen tamed be becomes the most gentle
nd obedient of all domestic quadrupeds,
nd in most cases is exceedingly fond of bis
eeper, and soon learns to distinguish the
arious tones of the human voice as expresive
of anger approbation or command,
lis strength is rendered doubly serviceable
o man by the intelligence he evinces in its
se. He will load a boat with amazing
exterity, carefully keeping all the articles
ry and disposing them where tbey ought
3 be placed. In propelling wheel carriaes
heavily laden up a declivity, he pushes
hem forward with his forehead and suports 1
hem with hid knees.
In Ceylon, where the elephants are fre- 1
uently employed in dragging and piling '
tilled timber, they manifest aD intelligence (
Dd dexterity which is surprising to a stran (
er because the sameoess of the operation (
oables them to go on for hours, disposing |
f log after log, almost without a hiut or ^
irections from their overseers. Sir E .
'ennent mcntioos two elephants thus em- '
loyed in the yards attached to commissariat
tores at Columbo, who accomplished their 1
rork with equal preoision and with greater y
apidity than if it had been accomplished a
y dock laborers. When the pile attained ^
certain height, and they wero no longer
ble by their conjoint efforts to raise one of c
le heavy logs of ebony to the summit, ^
ley bad been taught to lean two pieces
gainst the heap, up the inclined plain of ^
hich they gently rolled the remaining logs '
nd placed them trimly on the top
Mill ?
Manufacturing ?To show unmistakaly
the importance of devoting more atten- ?
on to cotton manufacturing at the South, v
, is only necessary to refer to the immense F
rofit resulting from the investment in cot- '
jc factories in Lowell. The aggregate '
ipital invested in her ten large companies 1
16tated at 313,000,000 The amount of 1
attoo consumed is 100,000 bales ; the 0
umber of yards produced, exclusive of a
arcs, is something over 100,000,000 j and 1
ie Dumber of operatives is 12,000. The
peratives are mostly women and girls. It
ould require at least 30,000 field laborers
) raise this cottOD, and yet it is converted 8
i _ ? J I *1 O AAA ft
HO oioms ana yarns uy i.j,vuu uperunveo. 'he
process for manufacturing the cotton 8
bout doubles its value, and the average di
idends declared by these companies is 33 a
er cent. When we consider the saving in b
-eight and the advantage which the local
uyer has over the agent of distant compa- t
ies, it is manifest that with the same effilent
management here which characterizes
te Lowell companies, a profit of nearly 50 a
er cent, could be realized on the invest
tent. This leaves out of view the general q
dvantagcs resulting from sach enterprises c
-increasing our population, erecting local s
larkeis and diversifying industrial pur- a
jits It is strange that the manufacturers
f Europe are not induced to transfer some
f their capital to the South. They would a
jus outflank the tariff imposed for the ben- y
Bt of Eastern manufacturers, and save the s
nmense amount of freights and obarges. fl
hm 8
Chicago shipped 72,823 barrels of b
our, and 618,226 bushels of wheat east- I
ard last week. c
The Human Family.?The number of
aDgnages and dialeots spoken in the world
imonnts 3064. The inhabitants of the globe
profess more than 1000 different religions,
rbe Dumber of men is abont equal to the
aumber of women. The average of bnman
life is abont thirty three years. One quarter
die previous to the age of seven years;
ane-half before reaohiog seventeen; and
those who pass this age enjoy a felioity refused
to one half the human speoies. To
jvery 1000 persons only one reaohes 100
pears of life; to every 100, only six reaohes
the age of sixty-five ; and not more than one
?_ PAA ! _ . I.
in ovv nves to eignty years or age. mere
ire on the earth 1,000,000,000 inhabitants;
and of these 33,333,333 die every year,
31,822 every day, 3730 every hoar, and
sixty every minute, or one every second.?
These losses are about balanced by an eqaal
number of births. The married are longer
lived than the single, and, above all, those
who observe a sober and indnstrioas conduct.
Tall men live longer than short ones.
Women have more chances of life in their
Favor previous to being fifty years of age
than men, but fewer afterwards. The number
of marriages is in proportion of seventy-1'
3ve to every one hundred individuals. Marriages
are most frequent after the equinoxis;
that is, during the months of June and
December. Those born in the spring are
generally more robust than others. Births'
ind deaths are more frequent by night than
>y day. The number of men capable of
leariDg arms is calculated at one-fourth of
>he population.
The Famine in India?A correspond;nt
of bd English paper writes from India:
Famine daily becoming worse, and T
night have said death more numerous.? j
Doming in the other morning from Murkot
ah, I saw two dead bodies within 300 yards
>f the place, the dogs eating them leisurey,
while vultures looked on. Two miles
>d, at a village named Murpba, I saw part
if a tinman Knttu Kninrv htt ftvu
wm ? VV/VIJ WVlUg VJ ? W V
logs; the flesh was quite red, and in faotf
jloody ; the right band was resting on the
'orehcad, partially on the left side. I realy
do believe the dogs oommenoed their
ghastly baDqaet while breath was in the
Dody. At a bazaaj named Poonagha, I saw-1
,bree dead bodies in one line?I should say
"ather, mother and daughter j they appeared
:o have died within a few minutes of each
uber; they looked as if sleep. Little to
he north of these I saw two more bodies
[ did not examine them ; their bare legs
old their own tale. About half a mile furrher
on, at a village named Soroul Sooltan,
[ saw another body, the vultures finishing
vhat the dogs bad left. From thenoe nothDg
more, exoept occasional bad smells.?
Sfew grain is again coming iD, but it will
)c of little help to the starving wretches;
bey have not the means of buying, consejuently
but live on charity.
Heavy on Whiskey.?The eccentric
tod talented George Franois Train was resentlv
a candidate for Congress, from Ne>raska
Territory. It became necessary to
tall upon George to furnish carriages "to
jring up the voters," and money "to scaler
among the beer shops and grogeries."
He thereupon withdrew from the canvass
n disgust, and comes down upon treating
n handsome style. He says, "Any spare
noney I may have I prefer to devote to edication
and christian charities. Purohasng
votes debases the franchise and demoralizes
the people. No wife, do little obiliren
shall have reason to complain of a
irunken husband or father on election day
>n my account. Whiskey is the curse of
>ur time. It is ruining our yonng men and
lurrying our old men into the grave.?
Elicb and poor, high and low, alike are beng
destroyed under its blighting inflaence.
iVhen we have fewer breweries, fewer disilleries,
more christian churches, more universities
and more schools, the law oourts
nd the jails will be less patronized, the
vorld the better for it." Troth fitly spo:en,
and while we admire the manly course
>f Mr. Train, we commend his views to
he consideration of every patriot in the
and. We sincerely hope that the day has
;one by when a man who treats in elections
rill be supported by the people of this
'nnntrc ?Infpllinpnrpr.
J &
Responsibility ?A young man in Vir;ioia
bad become sadly intemperate. He
ras a man of great capacity, fascination, and
tower, bnt he bad a passion for brandy
rbich nothing could control Often in his
talks a friend remonstrated with him but
n vain; as often would he urge this friend
o take the social glass in vain. On one
iccassioo tbc latter agreed to yield to bim,
od as they walked up to the bar together
he bar keeper said:
"Gentlemen, what will you have?"
"Wine sir," was the reply.
The glasses were filled and the two friends
tood ready to pledge each other in renewed
nd eternal friendship, when be paused and
aid to his intemperate friend:
"Now, if I drink this glass and become
drnnkard will you take the response
lility?"
The drunkard looked at him with severi*
y, and said:
"Set down that glass."
"It was set down, and the two walked
way without saying a word."
The drunkard knows the awful conseinpnpps
of tho first class. Even in the
L?.?? ? ?
aadness for liquor, he is cot willing to asume
the responsibility of anotheri>ecoming
> drunkard.
?? The Bishop of Wnrtembnrg once
sketla sprightly shepherd boy, "What are
ou doing here, my boy 7" "Tending
wine." "How much do yon get 7" "One
lorin a week." "I am a spbepberd also,"
aid che the bishop, "but 1 have a much
etter salary." "That may all be, but
suppose you have more swine o"*Vi ^oar
are," replied the boy.