Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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lbwis m. aaisT, proprietor. | Iiticjieiiiititt ^atnilg Itttosjjaptr: Jor f[re promotion of t|e political, Social, ^.gricaltntal aittr Commercial Interests of tjje |5onf|). {TEEM8lff.S/ VOLUME XII. YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 9, 1866. :p NUMBER 16. J&tlertefr jjaetrg. THE POOR MAN'S JEWELS. .R. . ST MRS. DBNISON. My home Is a poor one To all who pass It by; They cannot see its beauty; And neither, faith, can I? That is, in paint or timber, In door-way or In roofBut that it has its beauties I'll quickly give ye prooC Come hither, young ones, hither, Your father's steps are nearThai's Best, with hair so yellow; That's Sue, with eyes so clear; That's Will, with tawnv trowners Tucked in his stocking leg; And yonder two wee darlings Are Bonny Jean and Megg. A cluster of fair jewels, Fire in the rugged set; If any man has brighter, I have to learn it yet. And, Tom, when I am swinging These arms with weary strain, Their blessed faces cheer me, And make me strong again. i sometimes sfc and wonder ' What will their future be!" If they must delve and patter A treadmill round like me! And scarcely, at the year's end, Have half a groat to spare! And see had men put over them, Twill be too hard to hear. But then, I think, as nations Else In the scale of might, God puts the poor nan forward, And gives him power and light; And learning. Tom, will do it? And Christian truth will show That Heaven makes no distinction Between the high and low. So, though my home's a poor one, To all who pass it by. And none can see Its beauty Save mother, God and I, The future may be grander For some great glory won? Some gem set in the ages By e'en a poor man's son. ? Sektelr Tories. WRONG SIDE OF THE CURVE. AN BX ENGINEER'S 8TORY. Among tbe many incidents that daring the late rebellion were oonneoted with that mwat national artnnr. th? Baltimore and I Ohio railway, is the one I will relate. Id the fall of 1861, having been detained by business in the town of Cumberland, I was at last about to start for Wheeling, when I learned by a dispatch that the road was ooeupied below Harper's Ferry by a force of rebels, and therefore no train oould pass. This proved to be true in referenoe to ordinary trains, but a "special" with whiob was the Hon. Mr. Pierpont, and a few other notabilities, had passed before the rebels out the track, and was therefore approaohing. On inquiry, I found the engineer of the ooming train had been one of my own chums ere I bad discarded engine driving for a more profitable business My friend Joe M was a cool, bold, skilfal engineer, and as generous as reckless of danger. As I expected, I no sooner saw him and stated my wish to go up the road, than he swore that speoial or do special, I should ride with him, if for nothing bat to see the fast time his engine "Wildfire" could make. As we dashed rapidly along and went through Black Oak Bottom, a couple of illlooking fellows in oitizens dress fired at the engineer, * but doing no damage, merely provoked a laugh of derision from him for the want of marksmanship. On arriving at Oakland Md., we were agreeably surprised by reoeiving a telegram informing us a par. ty of rebels were making great haste to reaoh the railway at a point many miles ahead of us. Also, they seemed to know who the special oontained, and would therefore use all endeavors to capture or kill us. There was but one oar behind the engine and in it was briefly discussed the qaestion to go or stay, while Joe was having the tender refilled with wood and water. Mr. Pierpont's business was too urgent to admit of any possible delay ; two or three others oonoluded to risk the trip, and I? well, if it's not too egotistical to say so?I had run risks on railways too often to back oat because there was danger ahead, while the rest oonolnded to stay and trust to look for the opportunity of getting.away. JttBt as we were about to start, the fireman, making a misstep on the "running board" fell to the ground with suob force as to break his arm. Joe hurriedly picked up the poor fellow, but time was preoious just then, so leaving him in care of the gentlemen who had accompanied as, he started direotly toward me, askiog me to oome and "run" for him, as having no fireman, he would have more than he could do- I told him, however, to consider mc his fireman for the rest of the trip, as be was best acquainted with the road, so with-; out any more ado I doffed my coat. We Jumped on and away we went, past hamlets, (through wildernesses of stunted bushes, up grade and down hill, at a speed rarely e<qualled. Our light train made firing an fnr m?. and I bad frequent leisure ] to scan the beautiful ranges of the Alleghan-1 ies along which we skirted. Joe was sitting ! ss usual with him, with his left hand on the throttle-lever, and his body half out the side window of the "cab that he might better scan the track ahead." A few miles south of the famous Cheat I river bridge is a deep gorge, with precipitous rooky sides. It is shaped like an hour glass, wide at <eaoh end, but tapering each way toward the middle. The track runs for quite a distance along one side of the gorge, makes a very abrupt turn aoross the chasm, a very deep one, in a straight line nearly parallel! with the traok on the opposite side for three ! fourths of a mile. We were pitching along with that pecu-1 liar, rocking, bounding motion, so different J from the jar of ordinary fast speed As we swept to the grade around the side of a hill that oommanded a view of the gorge j ?Joe and I both on the lookout?we saw ! st a moment's glance, enough to make us oonoentrate our thinking faculties, and act in a hurry whatever was best to be done. There od the straight traok, just at the near end of the gorge, a lot of men in grey uniform were hastily piling op some old i ties, logs, eto , while at the point where the ! curve was the sharpest?before reaching 1 the gorge?were several more tugging fu- 1 rioosly at a rail, one end of whioh seemed i to baffle them as they pulled it outwards, i We were within a mile of them when we i discovered them, and as we notioed them, i the shout came simultaneously from both of i us?"the wrong side of the curve!" The I miserable fools were pulling out the inside rail instead of the outside. In the latter | oase nothing could have saved us from run- j ning off the track, and probably into the , gorge. Our single brakesman, seeing the | j T annnAM frnm h .Vlif WfLR flOtn- i mencing t? tighten the brake, but a look ] from Joe, I signalled "off brakes," Joe meaowhile opened the throttle to its widest extent as we dashed down the grade at a positively frightful velooity. As we nearnd them, a party of them huddled together near the track. I seized a light stick of wood, intending, if possible to hurt "somebody " We were going altogether too swift to fear tbeir taking aim at us; and for that matter, suppose they considered our destruction suoh a certainty that firing at us would be needless. I was poising the big stick of wood, and guessing the rate of speed?I've had some praotioe in throwing parcels from trainB in motion?when Joe suddenly pulled the whistle rope. The hoarse shriek seemed to startle them for an instant; they huddled oloeer together, and I tossed the stick outwards and downwards. I had barely time to see it orush through a group with the foroe of a thunderbolt, when, with a jarring plunge, the wheels on one Bide struck the naked ties. That part of the trouble ' . r 1 we bad feared bat little, as tee impetus 01 the eagioe was almost sare to make it 1 mount the track again. On the track * again, but a few yards ahead of us was the ' formidable barricade, and beyond that the 1 yawning chasm. Joe was standing np now with bis eyes biasing, still holding the f throttle wide open, as he braoed himself 1 for the shock I had grasped the baok- * rod of the tender the instant I threw the J stiok of wood. Crash!?my hold didn't . avail me, and I was pitohed head over 1 heels against the fire box, and laid flat ' on my back on the foot board or floor of the 1 engine. Joe was as suddenly jerked half way ( around, his baok strikiog a little door in ' front of where he stood, breaking the door ' ok;TTorinrt thfl orlnaa fn ntnm* Rnh OTP < were through, bow, I oou'dn't tell, except, ( we were oo the traok, and thundering over ^ the gorge. Joe's spirits rose with the oc 5 oasion. Extrioating himself almost as sud denly as he had been deposited in the little i glass door, be jerked a tin flask from his I pocket, sprang to the top of the tender and \ from thenoe to the roof of the cab. Steady ( ing himself for a moment with his face to e wards the rebels, be shouted (<good bye," I and made them a low bow, and took a drink i perfectly regardless of the white puffs of t smoke, as one after another discharged their ( picoes at him, as be afterwards explained, 1 fhn oncfinp mnrio fnn mnnh nniRrt. for him t(? t "v --- ?? ? I bear the bullets, as the; didn't seem to be 1 hitting anybody. # 1 After having, in spite of sore bones, per- c formed a jig he.had extemporized for the 1 occasion for the express education of the ( rebs, Joe djsceoded from his perch, and deliberately shutting off steam stopped j We were still in sight of them, though J at a tolerably safe distanoe, and now I saw [ a group of tbem standing near several men who had been wounded, perhaps t some killed by that 'irrepressible" stick of ^ wood t Our damages were a few bruises each, j a- a? - a J bat no serious nans, war engiue auuereu g the loss of the pilot, or cow catcher and t bead light, the front of the smoke box was $ stove in, besides sandrj dents and braises od the brass castings of the cylinders; bat > was, for running purposes, absolutely an- t injared, the rebels having piled the logs i squarely across the top of the track, the t point of the cow killer had gone under tbern and thoagh broken by the shook, had raised them sufficiently to keep them from under the wheels, while the en- . gine dashed them right and left into the / g?rSe- t The lebels seeing us stop, started in pursuit, but as we found nothing serioas to impede oar farther progress, and, as in the , case, "distance lends enohantment to the view," we were off again io high spirits, and without farther adventure worth recounting, arrived safely at our destiua- J tiou. Poor Joe, after beiDg shot at so ofteo as 1 to have aoquired sovereign oootempt for rebel bullets, was shot dead sometime after, while running a government engine near 1 Chattanooga. ; Insure Your Life ?Times like the j present make most manifest the peculiar j benefit of life insurance. Business is inter-1 rupted. Men are anxious tor the future, j Thousands have families growing up around [ them whose property depends upon the con- J tinuaDce of the father's life. Should he 1 die, the income would cease; the children | must be withdrawn from school; the mother I and elder children must resort to every ex- > pediect to sustain the family; and, in many j oases, with the utmost exertion, this cannot be done; the wife will retnrn to her father for support, and the children, separated, must go, the older to seek work, and the younger be distributed among friends. Such reverses befall men the least expecting them. While business is active, a-d prosperity gives exhilaration and hope, men can hardly be made to feel that they are within a hand's breadth of otter reverse, ! and that their families may bo soattered in ' a mouth, by the death of the father. But I hard times lead men to think of these things, i t&F Women earn eleven cents per day in 1 f New York making shirts. THE IRON FOOTSTEP. A veteral Soottish regiment, daring a ieaBon of great mortality, was stationed at Dominica, overlooking the town and the harbor; inland, were several long one-story buildings, hastily erected of wood, for the iooomodation of the offioere of the corps, ivith three or four rooms on each end, opening upon a piazza toward the sea, and communicating with eaoh other by means of a side door, whioh was occasionally left open for the free circulation of the air. In one of these barraoks were quartered three officers of the regiment, Major Hamilton, Captain Gordon, and a third whose aarne I cannot at this moment recall. Major Hamilton's apartment was in the centre. He had lost a leg in the service, and usualI? A? aHrtlf oKa<) tOl'tK ly WU<? a wuuuou F.u, v? iron; and being an alert man, fond of exeroise, used to walk np and down tbe piazza for hoars together, stopping occasionally at Gordon's door or window, and sometimes looking in at that of tbe other officer, exchanging a oheerfnl word with them as they sat each in his apartment, endeavoring to beguile the time with dressing, reading, writing, thoughts of promotion, of home, and of a speedy and happy return to Britain. The sound of tbe Major's step was peculiar. It was only the blow given by the iron ferule at the end of bis wooden leg that was heard; for, although a stout man, he trod lightly with the remaining foot, and heavily only with tbe wooden substitute, which gave forth its note at Bhort intervals, as he paced to and-fro, so regularly, that there was a certain pleasure in listening to it. Sounds that strike the ear in this measured way, affeot us more than others. Tbe attention beoomes engaged, and they grow smphatio as we listen. Tbe oalker's hammer-stroke, as it flies from the dock-yard of ihe busy port, across some placid Day, toto the green aod peaoefol country, is an instance of this truth; associated with this measured movement of the Major, was his jeep oheery voice that made light of danger and difficulty; whether on the field of nattle, or as now amid the sickness, whioh, in mockery of the beauty of tropical skies ind scenery, was devastating the colony at this melancholy period. This sickness proved fatal to several offi jers of the regiment; and after some time, Major Hamilton was taken down with it He expired the seventh day after he was seizsd, wild with fever and delirium, while enleavoring to speak to his frieod Captain jrordon. He was buried under arms at sunlet of the same day. Now it was on the second night after this mournful event, that Gordon, had retired to >ed rather later than usual, found himself mexpectedly awake. He was not oonscious )f any distressing thought or dream, which ihould have occasioned this shortened slum>er, and as he commonly made but oDe lap of the night, and his rest bad been lat;erly broken by the kind offices be bad ren lered bis oomrade, be was haif-snrprised at indiDg himself awake. He touobed his re)eater, and found it only past one o'olook. [Ie turned on the other Bide, and composed limself afresh Thoughts of his friend oame >ver bis heart, as bis obeek reached the pilow, and he said : "Poor Hamilton ! Well, }oa have mercy upon us!" He felt at the moment that some one near liin said, "Amen !" with much solemnity. 3e was effectually roused, and asked, "Who s there ?" "There was no reply. His voice beemed o eoho into Hamilton's late apartment, and ie then remembered that the door was open hat communicated between the two rooms. "*e listened intently, but heard nothing ave the beating of his own heart. He said o himself, "It is all mere imagination," ind again endeavored to oompose himself, ind think of something else. He laid his lead once more upon, the pillow, and then ie distinctly heard, for the first time, the Vlajor's well-known step. It was not a mater to be mistaken about. The ferule sound, he pause for the foot, the sound again, nflflonw/l in ito rofnrn no if nil vata no-ftin d life. He beard it first upon the piazza, leard it approach, pass through the door 'rom the piazza into the centre apartment, tnd there it seemed to pause; as if the figire of the departed were standing on the ither side of that open door, in the room it lad so lately occupied. Gordon arose. He went to the window ihat opened upon the piazza, and looked : >ut. The night was very beautiful the moon iad gone down ; the sky was of the deepest izure, and the low dash of the waves upon ;he rooks at the foot of the bluff was the j >nly thing that engaged his notice, except < ,ue extreme brightness and lucidity of a i solitary star, that traced its glittering path- i way of light toward him, across the distant waters of the ocean. All else was still and reposeful. "It is very remarkable !" said be"I could have sworn I heard it!"? He turned towards the door that stood open ' between the two rooms. The Major's apart- j ouent was darkeued by tbe shutters being j jlosed, and be could distinguish nothing j inside it. He wished the door were shut, j but felt a repugnance at the idea of closing ' it; and while he stood gazing into tbe dark ; room, the thought of being in the preseuce < A a disembodied spirit rose in his mind ;' uid though a brave man, be could not im- j mediately oontrol the bristling sensation of , terror that began to possess him. Qe long-i >d for the voice of any living being; and ! though for a moment the idea of ridicule ieterred him, he determined on oalling up | tbe officer who occupied the other apart-1 Bent. He passed oat on to the piazza, and as ae approached the other extremity of the ouilding, the sentinel on duty, perceiving j aim, presented arms. "Have you been long stationed here?" laid Capt. Gordon. "Half-an-hoar," was the reply. "Did you?did you happen to see any one on the piazza during that time ?" "1 did not." Gordon returned at once to his room, ; vexed with himself for having been the sport of an illusion of his own brain. He closed bis door and window, and went to bed. He was now thoroughly awake, and had regained, as he believed, entire possession < of his faculties. "My old comrade," he < said to himself, "what oould he possibly : want of me ? We were always friendsj ' why should I have dreaded to meet him, < even if suoh an event could possibly be ?" < A moment or two after these thoughts had i naaanrt fhronoh hin mind. hnwavAP. hfl war 1 r?- ?? / ? * ? -? almost paralyzed with dread by the reourreDce of the same pacing the. dark and tenantleBs apartment 1 Appalled at the sound, he exclaims: "In the name of God, Hamilton, is that yon ?" A voice from the threshold of the communicating door addressed him in tones that sank deeply into his sonl: "Gordon, listen, bat do not speak to me. In ten days yon will apply for a furlough ; it will not be granted to yon. Yon will renew the application in three weeks, and then it will be successful. Stay no longer in Scotland than may be necessary for the adjustment of your affairs. Go to London. Take lodgings at No ?, Jermyn street.? You will be shown iuto an apartment looking into a garden. Remove the panel from above the chimney-piece, and you will there I find papers wbioh establish the faot of my i marriage, and will give you the address of my wife aod bod. Hasten, for tbey are in deep distress, and these papers will estab lish their rights. Do not forget me !" Capt. Gordon did not recollect how long he remained in the postare in whioh he bad listened to the spirit of bis departed friend ; bnt woen he arose it was broad day. He dressed himself and went to town ; drew up a statement of the affair, and anthenti cated it by his oath. He had do intention of quitting the colony during that year; but an arrival brought intelligence of the death of his father, and of his acoession to a large estate. Within the ten days he applied for a furlough; but snoh had been the mortality among the offioers that the commanding officer thought proper to refuse his request. Annt.Ki<?p nrricnl hncincr hrnnrrhfc trt t'no in. ? ' -"f-, b? ? ? land a reinforcement for the garrison, he foond the difficulty removed, opon a second application, in three weeks. He sailed for Scotland, arranged his affairs, and intended immediately afterward to have proceeded to London. He suffered, however, one agreeable engagement after another to retard his j departure, aud his friend's concerns, and the preter natural visit that he had received from him, were no longer impressed so vividly as at first upon bis mind. One night, however, after a sooial party of pleasure, be awoke without apparent cause, as be had done on the eventful night in Dominica, and, tcr bis utter consternation, the sound of the Major's iron step filled his ears. He started from his bed immediately, rang up his servant, ordered post horses, and lost not a moment upon the way. until be reaohed the house in Jermyn street. He found the papers as he had expected. He relieved the widow and orphan of his unhappy frieod, and established them as each in the inheritance to whioh they were entitled by his sadden death ; and the story reaching the ears of royalty, the yoang Hamilton was patronized by the Queen of England, and early obtained a commission in the army, to which he was attached at the time that this tale was told to me. 167" Mr. Davis, feeling that Dr. Craven has done him great injustice in his descrip tion of the memorable shackling scene, recently gave to a friend the following aocoant: His acooant is to the effeot that when the file of soldiers entered his room, and the sergeant had stated in a few direct words the business upon which they had come, he (Davis) quietly and briefly said ] that he must resent it to the extent of bis a nower as an insult to "me aud our people, r i With the view only of entering this foroi- t ble protest, and not with an intent of en- g gaging in a childish straggle with the soldiers, be straok at the man nearest him, v when the soldiers brought their arms s promptly to the position of "charge bayo- a nets." Sergeant , however, instantly t ordered "shoulder arms," and bad the ^ prisoner seized and placed upon the bed. c When there Davis struggled for a moment i with the same intent, but only for a moment, a and then submitted without a remark to a what he knew be could not avoid. The c sergeant, who was the only "officer" pres- t ent, Mr. Davis says, performed his duty 0 just as a soldier would do, made no excuses t for it, and did not ple.id orders. In short, a all the details of this scene in the Craven 1 book, including the exclamation by Davis, t "Oh the shame ! Ob, the shame !" upon which the changes have been rung so in- a cessantly by Southern newspapers, are, c e *l. _ _ . upon toe autnoruy 01 wo pnauuei mm- 1 self, merely figments of the Dootor's imag- t ination. t A Substitute for an Ice PfTCHER.? f People who have no ice pitchers will be f glad to know that there is a very simple s method of keeping ice water for a long t time in a common pitcher. Between two c sheets of paper place a layer of common u batting about half an inch in thickness, and form a cylinder by fastening the ends of the 1; paper and battiDg together. Then sew or v paste a crown oo one end, so as to make a s box the shape of a stove pipe hat, minus a the rim. The cylinder should be made I; large enough to go entirely over the pitcher, 2 so that the open end will rest upon the table r or sideboard, and thus exclude the air. Any j one trying this simple- method of keeping a ice water cool, will be astonished at the r length of time it will preserve the coldness e of the water. t From the Chester Standard. BRAZILIAN EMIGRATION. Dr. W. H. Babcock?My Dear Sir : Having reoently received qoite a number af letters from gentlemen in different parts of South Carolina, and two to day from citizens of your District, making inquiries as to various points conneeted with the emigration movement to Brazil, I will avail myself of the kind offer of your columns, to present a general reply to these communications. me Government Deing a limited monarchy, oa very much the same basis as that of England, and having maintained law and order for nearly fifty years without any serious in terra ptions, guarantee" protection to persons and property to all the inhabi tants of the Empire of Brazil. The present war with Paraguay, in whioh the Argentine Republics have common oanse with Brazil, is only a sonroe of annoyance by interrupting the navigation of the river Parana; and the allied forces having now moved into the territory of the oommon enemy, it is confidently believed that Lopez, the leader of Paraguay, will speedily be reduced to the necessity of a sapitulation. This war attracts but little attention in Brazil, and but for the impression that a course of masterly activity would bring Lopez to terms, it might have been terminated long siooe In most of the industrial arts, and in aginltore, the Brazilians are behind the Uni ted States, and with the extension of railroads into the interior, and the new impulse cvhioh the oultnre of cotton has received i>Whin a fnar vam-a. there in an nmnle field - ?' J 1 ? ? 1? for artizaQB and planters from this country. Mechanics of every kind may find employment either in the cities or the oouotry ; ind the prospect of extending the line of railroad into the interior of the province of San Paolo, wi|| not only make a demand for workmen npon the line of operations, bnt will develop new enterprises in the adjoin ing country, which most give employment ;o skilled mechanics in various departments. This road has been oompleted to a distance )f eighty-five miles from Santos, terminating for the present at Innditary; but with i charter and survey for twenty-six miles farther to the oity of Campenas. At this point a fertile region of country is entered ind some of our people have already bought lands in that vicinity for the oulture of cotton and other products. Open lands with some improvements may be had at very reasonable ratesy>viz : from 52.00 to 85 00 per aore, provided they are oot adapted to the culture of ooffee. The i ore elevated lands, entirely free from frost, ire those selected for the coffee plantations, ind though the soil may not be of better quality than the low lands, the greater im portaace auacnea to toe oonee crop neur a railroad, gives these lands a value ranging from $75,00 to 8100,00 per.acre when planted in trees of coffee. The great held for industrial enterprises is in the country lying upon the tributaries )f the river Iguape, whioh furnishes a [Deans of transportation by steamboats np to Xinirca, and presents an extensive field for neohanios in the fine facilites afforded for naohinery. There are several families from .the Southern States already located in the region lying between the village of CanaDea in the coast and that of Xioirica upon the river Iguape, while a representative of a somber of families from Louisiana has seeded this country for their settlement. It s in this territory that lands have been eserved for us at 22 cents per acre, and with the present prospect of a considerable lumber of families transferring their resilence to Brazil, I know of no region in vhicb they can be so well aoonmodated as n the forest lands lying between the Canmea and Xioirica. We oao have space for Qdetioite extension ot oar population, wita Sods adapted to all variety of products, md withal the oheapest and most conve lient transportation of prodaots to market >y water. Drinking water is abandant and ;ood. The health of all parts of this province, rhere somewhat removed from the coast, is nperior to most parts of Sonth Carolina nd Georgia, affording in this respect the nost desirable country to my knowledge. Phe people of this oountry are not so vigor us, nor do they live to so great an age, as s observed in Brazil Several old.persons, nd others with ruddy complexions, preenting fine speoimens of healthy develop aent, were seen immediately upon the tanks of the river Iguape in the vicinity if Xinirica After descending fifty miles >elow this point the indications for health re not so favorable; as the lands assume a evel, flat character, rendering tnem naoie o overflow. The baoks of tbe river above are high ,nd very rarely overflow, while the adjacent ountry is elevated and undulating, or even o some parts beooming mountainous near ho river. At the distanoe of six or eight miles in he country, a more regdlar conformation irevails, and most of the territory lies very avorably for cultivation. The superficial oil is dark, grey loam resulting from vegeable decomposition, with a base of yellow lay, making in combination a mulatto soil if good productive quality. There is found in the valleys and low ands of this region a dark and almost alluvial deposit wtiich constitutes a very rich oil, and along the river Iguape the soil ssumes very much the color of wet ashes, laving most of the characteristics of the ilississippi bottom lands. None of the tera rocha or red parplt lands, whioh are so ustly prized in other parts of this province, re found upon the tributaries of Iguspe iver, nor on tbe other hand are any of the laked barren cainpos or open plains seen in his seotion. Toe land is more uniformly of fair quality, without presenting extremes of either kind, and will thus afford a large settlement and equitable distribution of land, that will yield all the staples of the oountry satisfactorily. Corn, rioe, beans, sugar cane, cotton, tobaccoj mandioca, and coffee, were seen here growing in great perfection, while the bananna, the orange and the pide apple flourish most abundantly, and of excellent quality. It is proposed that the reserved lands may be purchased at 22 oents per acre, each member of a family having tbe privilege of getting three hundred (300) acres, thus affording a large family a large domain for extension of operations as the ohfldren grow up. There are also private lands adjoining these Government lands, wbieh. may be bought in any quantity at 88 cents per aore, and those desiring snob an investment oan have the privilege of three, four and five vears. without interest. In manv places there are many sites for machinery, and along the river Igoape every planter has his own rice mill running by water from some of the namerons small streams which flow into this majestic river. The timber npon these various tributaries is very abundant, and generally of fine quality for cabinet work, for honses, or for ship building. For the most part the wood of the country is hard and does not split well, yet there are speoimens of timber found in this region that serve well for fences and a few whioh may be split into boards. Ditohes have been resorted to, with or without hedges, in places where fenoing material was not convenient, and thus a permanent enclosure is effected. As there are several growths well suited to the* construction of hedges, even making in some instances a protection against bogs as well as cattle, horses and mules, it -would be well to resort to this mode of enclosing lands at the very outset. In the vicinity of Iporanga, which is thirty miles above Xinirioa on the river Iauape, there are very superior lead mines, and extensive deposits of limestone and red chalk or stoDe suitable for pencils. It is also stated that coal has been discovered in this same region, and lower down tbat iron ore has been found convenient to the river, bat I can't vouch tor the two latter from personal observation. This section being only reached by oanoes, renders the transportation more tardy and troublesome, though not as expensive as pack mules. Xinirica is the head of steamboat naviga tion, and a large wagon road is now being opened aoross the country for this point to the port of Cananca, which will allow ?f an outlet in either direotion for the'produots of those locating near this line of communication. The lands which are reserved at my request, are situated upon this road, and at a convenient distance for shipment from either port. This road is of such a grade tbat a railroad may be built upon the same line. The olimate is pleasant, and temperature not so great at any time as our summer, while it is rare tbat frost occurs in winter. The population are generous and oordial in their welcome of our people to the coon try, and all classes seem to desire that the emigrants shall locate io their section of the country permanently. Many of the planters in the more populous parts of this province, have proposed to receive into business, men .of experience in growing cotton; and if they bring their tools and implements for the oultnre of the soil, and preparation of the cotton for market, all else will be supplied upon the place, allowing ooe half of the nett proceeds of the year's operations for their skill and superintendence. For this object persons may even better their pecuniary condition by abandoning ordinary lands here, and removing every thing necessary for planting to Brazil, where the soil is far superior and the yield mnoh greater than anywhere in South Carolina or Georgia.? Cotton yields from 2,000 lbs to 2,500 lbs, and corn from 30 to 40 bushels, even with the deficient onlture of those people who know nothing of the use of the plow, aod make very sparing use of the hoe. The in. crease of production under our system of working mast be at least one half more than at present, and the quality of the lint, now better than ours, will also perhaps be improved. I feel no hesitation in saying positively that any person who has means to engage in agricotural operations in Brazil, may go to the Province of San Paolo with the prospect of makiog double tbe amount of clear cash annually to what can be realized by planting fiere, even ondcr a better system of labor than at present prevails in the Sooth. Negro slavery is still tbe chief reliance for labor in Brazil, aod there are freqoent opportunities to hire gangs of negroes at from $50 to $75 per head, taking entire families. The number of children io such oanos is nsnallv moob smaller than we have O O J been accustomed to see on a plaotatioo here. Ia oae lot offered duriog my visit, there were 120 men and boys, 90 women and girls, and 30 children only, who were not able to reoder service in the field. This gang was offered for $12,500 annual hire, with the privilege of five or ten years continuance, making not quite $60 per head for those capable of working. A number of small farmers might combine and hire snoh a lot, working them together or dividing them as might suit their interests. It is also practicable to hire the common order of people in that country, but they are not very reliable for oonstant service. An Agent for the laboring olasses in Ireland who resides atBiode Jausiru, has given me a written statement of his readioess to furnish as many laborers as may be wanted by oar people upon three months-notice. With a considerable element in this country which will go immediately to work upon reaobing Brazil, there is a reasonable prospect of seouring all the labor that may be requisite for entering successfully upon the cultivation of the soil, and til OfMMS or oar people may materially improve their pees*' oiary condition aa well as their political and social condition by the change of residence. Brazil being soath of the Equator, the seasons are opposite to ours, and the planting time for moet crops is tn October and November, so that any who expect to make a orop there for the ooming year nmst go there very soon. Few of our people COB make their arrangements to get off in time for this, and it will be best for them to calculate upon leaving here after die gathering of the crops, so that they may get a better price for what they most sel!r and there will be time enough after this, to make the move and get settled in their new hornet for dm crop season of another year. Th* breaking no at one nlaoe. and establishing a fiunifo in a distant country, will require ooonde^ able time, for which all the space between the crop gathering here, and the nest plant* ing season there, may not prove more than is requisite to accomplish our objects. If some reliable business men eoold go forward io advance to locate the lands for different families, and make preliminary arrangements for Ubor it would serve ad important object. It is not yet ascertained at what rates or at what time vessels can be seoured to trans* - r* port persons and freight, bnt answers are daily expected to inquiries on thess points, and will be famished for your paper when received. The movements of my friends will infltt* ence very mnoh my personal plans fifc the removal of my family, but I expect to gel off within two or three months from this date, and will render any desired assismnoe to snoh as may go at the same time. The manuscript of my towernnd observations in Brazil, has been sent to New Yotfc for poblicatioo, and it is hoped tint it will ?oon oe puDiisnea to meet toe demand ror more special information. Very respectfully Yours, J. MoF. GA8TON. * The Burned Cities of the Worth. The Richmond Timet has the 6DMrf&g catting remarks: On the Fourth of July, a patriotic urohin threw a pop cracker into a carpenter's shop, in the beaatifol city of Portland, andfrott thence arose a mighty conflagration, whioh devoured "150 acres of pablid nod private baildings" The calamity was appalling, and a relief committee of the leading men of the fortunate city are appealing to humous people, North as well as Sonth, for contributions of money and provisions "to the thousands who have lost everything." The committee assert that the fire was by far the most "calamitous that has ever occurred on this continent." Never "before were a people so terribly sconrged as those of. Portlnn/1 '' \XJ a ainAAMiln ilk*a tkaaaan iauu. I* c oiuuotcij uupu tucv IUCDC ay peals will not be made in vain to the charitable people of the United States. Bat the members of the relief oommittee cannot truthfully olaim for Portland a monopoly of the terrible suffering inflioted by great COB: flagratioDs. Atlanta was as large and flooring a city as Portland, and yet, after the Confederates had evacuated it, it was burnt down in cold blood by Sherman. ItsinbabitaDts were not even allowed the miserable privilege of lingering near the rain* ef their ouoe happy homes, but were driven forth by the destroyer. The humane aadobaritable North greatly honors Sherman for thia splendid act of Christian generalship, wbioh deprived 20,000 people of their banes: The city of- Columbia was almost as populous and a far more beautiful oity tbaa Portland, but that oity was destroyed by the infuriated soldiery of the destroyer of Atlanta. Charleston was a city of twioe the popnlation of Portland, yet for two years after its fortifications rendered its capture hopes Bible, tbe Federals exhausted the ran agrees of modern warfare to reduce the city to ashes, and left that lovely oity a hideous aud unsightly ruin. . n'Rome, Fredericksburg, and a score of other beautiful Southern town* were rothI I- J . 1 J I .U icseijr uBcuujfcu uuriug wo vir, M|um wore list of burnt villages and hamlets would fill the editorial columns of this paper. If Gen. Sherman, for the benefit of the "unhappy city of Portend," will deliver a leoture upon the "burnt cities, towns and villages cf the South," he will satisfy the public that he inflicted with the toroh a thousand times more suffering upon the Southern people than Portland has suffered. The pretensions of the boy who fired Port* land with a pop-cracker to be regarded as a more renowned incendiary than Sherman, is absnrd. The Riohmond Examiner pays the following tribute to Geu. Sherman : Sherman is taking a toot for the purpose of beiDg congratulated ou his pablie servi ces. He makes speeches on all occasions that offer, and the staple of all his remarks is himself. No doubt the sabjeot is very interesting to himself, bat we doubt whether it is so interesting to his hearers. We have no respect for Sherman. We detest him. We know of no armed ruffian in the history of the world whohasnetfbrmed more atrocities than he has. When we reflect upon the barning of Colombia, we hare a loathing for the very name of Sherman. History records many devastations, bat we And none whose deeds of desolation ezoeed those oommitted by the vain and heartless wretch, who beginning with the destruction of Atlanta, and making a waste and rain throaghoat bis line of march, ended with the pitiless barning of Sooth Carolina's most beaatifal city. The berbaroos ages of the world will have to be hooted to find a parallel to his famous march through Georgia and the Carolines. j^. The Nashville Dispatch oalb Gen. Snerioan "a orasy son of devilish ambition," and predicts that in a short time'fce wfll be as odioas at tbe North as he is now at the Sooth.