Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, March 15, 1866, Image 1
lewis m. 3bist, Proprietor. 1 |,n Jnkpenbent Jfamilg Uetospaper i .for Ijjc promotion of tjie apolitical, Social, Agricultural anti Commercial Interests of tjje Sonfj). {tesjts-13 so^a ra^^^advance.
VOLUME XI YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 15, 1866. . . NUMBER 17.
IPsfiltaMS jktitks.
The State Tax Act.
I. Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives, now met and sitting in
General Assembly, and by the authority of
the same, That a tax for the sums and io
the maoDer hereinafter mentioned, shall be
raised and paid into the public Treasury of
this State, for the use and service thereof;
^ that is to say : Fifteen cents ad valorem on
every hundred dollars of the value of all
the lands granted in this State, exoept such
lands as during the year have been in possession
of the Freedman's Bureau, and on
all lots, lands and buildings within any oity
town, village or borough io tbis State, except
such as during the year have been in i
? mnn'n Dil.aan fmn !
pUBOCOOIUU ui iuc x tCGUUiOU o I^uiuau , vwv j
dollars per bead od all male residents of
this State between the ages of twenty-one
and sixty years, except snob as shall be
olearly proved, to the satisfaction of the
Collectors to be incapable, from maims or
otherwise, of procuring a livelihood; sixty
"cents per hundred dollars on factorage, employments,
faculties and professions, including
the profession of Dentistry, (whether
in the profession of the law, the profits be
denved from the costs of suits, fees, or other
sources of professional inoome) excepting |
clergymen; sixty cents per hundred dollars j
on the amount of commissions received by j
brokers, vendue-masters, and commission j
merchants; one dollar per head on each ;
and every dog, of every kind and description,
iu the State on the first day of January,
one thousand eight hundred aud sixty :
six, or brought into the State between that
time and the date of the payment of taxes ;
forty cents per hundred dollars on the capital
stock of all incorporated gas-light companies
now in active operation ; one hundred
cents per hundred dollars on all premiums
taken in this State by insurance
companies incorporated within this State,
and two hundred cents per hundred dollars
on all premiums taken in this State by the
agencies of insurance companies and underwriters
incorporated without the limits of
this State ; on all express companies doing
business within this State, one thousand
dollars each, to be paid to the Tax Collector
of Richland District; twenty cents on every
hundred dollars of the amount of sales
of goods, wares and merchandise, embracing
all the articles of trade for sale, barter
or exohange, (the products of this State
and the unmanufactured products of any of
the United States, or Territories thereof,
excepted) which any person shall have made
from the first day of May of the present
year, to the first day of January, in the
year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and sixty-six, either on his, her or
their capital, or borrowed capital, or on ac
oount of any person or persons as agents,
attorney, or consignee; one hundred cents
upon every hundred dollars of the amount
of sales of all goods, wares. and mercbandisef
whatever, which any transient person,
not resident in this State, shall make in any
house, stall or public place; one hundred
cents on every hundred dollars of the value
of all articles manufactured in this State
for sale, barter or exohange; twenty dollars
upon every hundred dollars of the value of
all spirituous liquors manufactured in this
Btate tor sale, Darter or excnaDge, ana upon
all spirituous liquors brought into this State
for sale, barter, or exchange ; one hundred
cents od every hundred dollars in value of
all cotton on hand od the first day of October
last, excluding the crop of the present
year from this taxation ; one dollar od every
hundred dollars of all sales of cotton
made since the first day of May last to the
first day of October, one thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five : Provided, That
the tax shall not be due- on any cotton seized
by the United States Government and
not returned, or on any cotton stolen and
not recovered ; one hundred cents on every
hundred dollars in value of all crude turpentine,
spirits of turpentine and rosiD, on
hand on the first day of October last, excluding
the production of the year one ;
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five; one
hundred cents on every hundred dollars of
all sales of said articles from first of May
last to first of October, one thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five, except sales of the
production of the present year; twenty dollars
per day for representing publicly for
gain or reward any play, comedy, tragedy,
interlude or farce, or other employment of
the stage, or aDy part therein, or for exhibiting
wax figures, or other shows of any
kind whatsoever, to be paid into the bauds
of the Clerks of the Court respectively,
who shall be bound to pay the same into
the public Treasury, excepting in cases
where the same is now required by law to '
be paid to corporations or otherwise.
II. That all taxes levied on property, as
prescribed iD the first section of this Act,
shall be paid to the Tax-Collector for the
District or Parish, in whioh said property
is located. And whenever any persoD,
upon whom a tax is imposed by the Act,
has no visible property upon which aD execution
can levied, it shall he the dutv of
the ^ax-Collector to sue out of the District
Court a special attachment, attaching moneys
and credits in the hands of auy one
whomsoever, and due to such person, which
special attachment shall be conducted in
the same way and be subjeot to the same
regulations as are provided for special attachments
in the Act to establish District
Courts: Provided, That any employer may
make returns of the names of such persons
as are employed by him, and pay the tax of
such person, in which case the tax receipt
shall be a good and valid set off io any action
for wages by such employee against
such employer.
III. In making assessments for taxes on
the value of taxable property used in manufacturing,
or fur railroad purposes within
this State, the value of the machinery
used thereiD shall not be included, but only
the value of the lots and buildings as property
merely.
IV. That the lota aod bouses on Sulli
vao'a Island sball hereafter be returned to
the Tax Collector of the tax District in
which they are situated in the same manner
as other town lots and houses, and shall be
liable to the same rates of taxation.
V. Tbat the taxes herein levied shall
be paid only in gold aud silver coio, United
States Treasury notes, or notes declared
to be a legal tender by tbe Government of
the United States, or such bills receivable
as may be issued under the authority of the
present Legislature; and also pay certifi
cates of Jurors and Constables for attend
ance on the Court of Common Pleas; paycertificates
of bearers of votes for Governor
and Lieutenant-Governor and Members of
Congress; and pay-certificates of Members
of this session of the Legislature. The
Tax-Collectors of the several collection Dis
tricts shall be allowed, on all sums of money
paid iDto their hands for taxes, a com
mission as follows, that is to say : The Tax
Collector of Horry and St. James' Goose
Creek, a commission at the rate of ten per
cent; the Tax Collectors of Anderson,
Chester, Chesterfield, Christ Church, Clarendon,
Darlington, Greenville, Lancaster,
Laurens, Lexington, Marion, Marlborough,
Newberry, Orange, Pickens, Prince William's,
Spartanburg, All Saints, St. Andrew's,
St. George's Dorchester, St. James'
Santee, St. John's Berkeley, St. Lake's,
St. Paul's, St. Peter's. St. Thomas' and
St. Dennis', Union, York, Williamsburg
and Barnwell, at the rate of seven percent;
the Tax Collector of St. Phillip's and St.
Michael's, at the rate of four per cent;
until the commission amounts to three
thousand dollars, and after that amount, on
ail remaining sums, at one per ceot; all
the other Tax-Colleotors, a commission at
the rate of five per cent. Tax-Colleotors
shall make their returns at the Treasury,
in Columbia, on or before the first of August.
VI. That before the collection of the
taxes herein levied, an assessment shall
be made of the actual value of the property
taxed, and for that purpose the Tax-Colleotors,
of the several Districts and Parish^,
except the Parishes of St. Phillip and St.
Michael, are hereby ooostituted Assessors,
for which additional labor they shall receive
as compensation a sum equivalent to
forty per cent, of their tax commissions as
allowed by this Act. That each Tax-Collector,
before entering upon bis duties as
Assessor, shall take and subsoribe before
the Clerk of the Court of the District the
following rath, which shall be endorsed on^
his commi don, viz: "I A. B do promise
and swear that I will, to the best of my
ability, execute the duties of Assessor for
my collection District, and will, without
favor or partiality, ascertain and assess the
actual value of the property, real and per
sonal, upon which an ad valorem, tax is laid
before, and for the purpose of laying such
tax "
VII. It shall be the duty of the Assessor
in each District to require from each
tax payer, or person subject to taxation
under this Act, a full return, on oath, of
all cotton, crude turpentine, spirits of turpentine
and rosin in his or her hands on
the first day of October last, subject to
taxation under this Act; and in case any
tax-payer, or person subject to such tax,
shall neglect or refuse to make such return,
on oath, as aforesaid, it shall be the duty of
such Assessor forthwith to assess the probable
value of such cotton, crude turpentine,
spirits of turpentine and rosin subject to
such tax in the hands of such person as
aforesaid, which said assessment shall be
held to be true, and the tax be estimated
thereon, unless such tax-payer or person,
liable to. such tax shall, within ten days
after notice thereof, make return on oath,
to such Assessor of all his cottou, crude
turpentine, spirits of turpentine and rosip
so liable to tax as aforesaid.
VIII. That it shall be the duty of the
Treasurer to cause the official bonds of j
the several Tax-Colleylors of this State to j
be examined bj the Commissioners ap- '
pointed in their respective tax Districts to i
approve public securities, aod if the said |
bonds are found to be sufficient and satis- j
factory, they shall re-affirui their original |
approval thereof; but if found insufficient:
and unsatisfactory they shall require the j
same to be re-executed and renewed with j
good and sufficient sureties
IX The Treasurer of the State is here I
by authorized to borrow, on the faith and .
credit of the State, a sum not exceeding
one hundred thousand dollars, payable not |
more than twelve mouths after date, and to j
deposit such collateral securities as may be ;
received and transferred to the State by the j
President of the Bank of the State for the :
same purpose : Provided, however, If the j
said loan has already been negotiated in ;
accordance with a joint resolution of both !
Houses of the General Assembly, then the ;
authority granted to the Treasurer, shall!
not be exeroised, unless to substitute for j
the note of the President of the Bank of
the State the note or obligation of the
Treasurer of the State : Provided, Furthermore,
That the Treasurer shall execute
an obligation to the President of the Bank
for all collateral securities he may obtaiu
from said Bank in behalf of the State
X The taxes prescribed to be levied and
collected by this Act, as well as the sum of
one hundred thousand dollars authorized to
be borrowed by this Act, and also all bills
receivable which may be hereafter issued
by virtue of any act that may be passed at
ice present session 01 tne general Assembly
shall be paid out by the Treasurer only
in obedience to an Act of the General Assembly
at its present or some future session.
XI. That the President and Directors of
the Bank of the State of South Carolina be,
and they are hereby authorized and' requi
red to close the branches and agencies of
said Bank, and that the principal Bank iu
Charleston shall cease to be a Bank of issue
but shall continue to act as a Bank of deposit
until further action of the Legislature;
aod the said President and Directors are
hereby authorized and required to collect
the assets and property of the Bank, and
hold the same specially appropriated, first,
to the payment of the principal and interest
of the bonds known as the Fire Loan
Bonds, payable in Europe; second, to the
payment of the principal and interest, of
the Fiie Loan Bonds, payable in the United
States; and third, to the redemption of
out-standing notes hitherto issued by said
Bank. That the Bank aforesaid is hereby
required to receive on special deposit, and
to pay out on checks founded on such deposits,
such bills receivable or other evidences
of indebtedness as the State may order
to be issued in payment of amounts due.
That the said Bank shall as agent of the
State, continue to receive and hold on deposit,
as now provided by law, the funds of
the State; and the President and Direotors
are hereby authorized and required to make
arrangements, by an agency, for the reoeption,
safe keeping and paying out of said
funds in Columbia, on the draft or order of
the Treasurer; and they shall also provide
offices for the Comptroller and Treasurer,
and for these purposes they are hereby authorized
to use any part of the new State
Capitol, or any other building belonging to
the State which may not be in use by the
State.
In the Senate House, the twenty-first day
of December, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty five.
The Days of the Giants in'the United
States Senate.
CLAY, CALHOUN AND WEBSTER.
A correspondent of the Times and Wit
ness, of Chicago, who witnessed the United
States Senate in "the days of the Giants,"
furnishes from Washington the following
graphic picture of "Auld laog Syne" in
that city.
Gibbon relates the celebrated Story of the
Seven Sleepers. During a cruel persecution
at Ephesus, seven noble youths ooncealed
themselves in a cave. They immediately,
so goes the legend, fell into a deep sleep,
which was miraculously prolonged for one
hundred and eighty-9even years On awaking
they entered the city, but found, everywhere,
Christians so denegrated, Churches
so conformed to the world, all, in short, so
changed, that they burst into tears and ear
neatly prayed to God that they might return
to their slumbers again. Such are my
feelings as I sit here and look upon this
body, and listen to their debates, with the
light of other days around me. Only a few
years ago, I occupied this very scat, and
heard, with pleasure, the great men of the
laud deliberating for the general weal of the
whole nation. Now, how many seats are vacant;
and the discussions are about the late
war, the treatment of rebellion, and the re
construction, of a shattered Union; topics,
the very sound of which might cause the
founders of this great Republic to turn in
their coffins.
Among many sad reflections, there is
one which especially depresses my heart, as
I look down on this conclave of-grave, venerable'and
patriotic Senators. It is, that
there survives not a single one of those
atatea in on cnipps lispd tn hp hpard
and felt throughout the entire oountry ?
Once it was a great privilege to pass a morning
here, when "there were giants in the
land." Yonder reposed, in silent grandeur,
the massy form of Mr. Webster. To bis
right, taking snuff and conversing pleasantly
with his neighbors, was the light, graceful
person of Mr. Clay; while far to the
left, dark, sombre, with keen, flashing eyes,
was that incarnation of dignity and severe
logic, Mr. Calbonn, looking like a cast-iron
man. Whenever either of these men was
to speak, the chamber was crowded early in
the day, and everybody studied their speech
ao A nA rvirK rnaonn fnr inrvpnitiQ onH I
true parliamentary eloquence, they were
men of pre-eminent greatness, differing intellectually
aud morally, very much aa they
did in their personal appearance.
So remarkable were the head and figure
of the Massachusetts Senator that, when he
was in London, the porters and day labor- j
era in the street used to cease from their
work to gaze at him ; and here each day, as
he entered the Senate, all eyes converged
toward "the man," and the whisper was
heard on all aides in the galleries, "That
is he " Everything in his presence was
imperial. For myself, I never looked upon
that brow, majestic aspect, those "Atlantean
shoulders, fit to bear the weight of
mighty monarchiesthat face, on which
"deliberation sat, and public care," without
a something, I know not what, of awe and
reverence, which I could not 6hake off, even
in a familiar conversation with him. As a
writer, his style is the very best in our language
; not so elaborated as Dr. Channing's
but easier, more flowing and transparent.?
Mrs. Fanny Kemble told me that her father, j
a man of exquisite taste, used often to say I
to her, "Come, let us read Webster; his i
style does me good " Iu many passages, j
especially in his argumeut on the trial of;
the Knapus, and in his reply to General j
Ilayne, that was true of him which was
said of Luthor : "His words are half bat-1
ties." But he was a tame, ponderous speak- j
er In the peroration of his speech on |
Foote's resolutions, he glowed as with ethe- j
real fire; but generally, he was dull, heavy,!
phlegmatic. He was a perfect master oflanguage.
Most public speakers find words i
exceedingly unmanageable things. At his i
command the best, fittest phrases came and |
fell "into perfect phalanx." His logic was ;
perfect, also demolishing everything like er-!
ror, "hammering away," "smashing every- j
thing in its path," (to use the pithy words1
of our two great Generals), but it was not j
"logic on fire and his orations will always
receive more admiration when read than
they did when delivered. His address at j
the completion of Bunker Hill monument;
is itself a monument of classical taste, of i
profound thought, of elevated statesman-j
ship, which will outlast the solid granite.?
Yet Mr. Choate, who was on the platform
with him, tells u.i that he never suffered
more in his life, the delivery was such a
failure.
Much has been said as to the morality of
Mr. Webster, but tie mortuit nil nisi bonum
Of one trait in his character 1 can
testify. I mean his great reverence for the
Bible. When I first came to this city, I
found that buying male slaves and sending
them Sonth was a regular business, and I
was so shocked that I went to Washington
to see if anything oould be done to stop so
nefarious a traffic. In consulting with him
on the subject of slavery, I found that be
was most anxious that some measure should
i r>fti?r*nra ta/I fr\r? Wo rrPii/3tia1 oknlltinn
l/C .v*
He confessed, however, that he oould not
see any remedy, and thoaght it a vulnus
immedicabile. Bat wheoever I quoted a
passage from the Word of God, he always
received it ae the troth to which all should
yield entire obedience.
In this reverent submission to the sacred
Oracles, I grieve to say Mr. Calhoun was as
inferior to Mr. Webster as he was superior
to him in the unimpeachable parity of his
moral character. I knew him well, both in
Washington and at Fort Hill, his residence
in South Carolina, and I never knew a man
more upright, conscientious and virtuous.
He was, too, a somewhat regular attendant
of the Episcopal Church in Pendleton,
though never a communicant in any Churoh.
But his intellectual pride and independence
made him intolerant of any authority
higher than his own reason. He professed
to believe in the inspiration of the Scriptures,
but, forgetting that important part
of koowledge which informs us of the limitation
of the human understanding?jealous
of faith, lest it should be credulity?
accustomed to inquire as to every doctrine,
not whether it was oonformable to God's
will, but to his own; loving truth, yet loving
system more than truth; satisfying
himself that be had established his point,
if he could show the objections to any one
position, without considering those to all
others; in short, never suspecting bis own
judgemcut, always confident in bis own decisions,
and therefore resolved that no argument
could be adduced which might
change his opinions, he knew notbiug of
that humble, teachable spirit, which is the
great element in Christian faith. He sincerely
regarded slavery as a divine and be
neficent institution. "The negro and the
white man," he said to me, "are both elevated
by it."
If I quoted a text which expressed his
views he would give it his hearty assent,
and dwell upon its certainty. But if it
condemned his cherished convictions he as
promptly questioned it. I was with him
during his last illness, and upon one occa
sion, when I cited that command, "Honor
all men," he turned quickly to me and
said, "What, honor all men ! Never, impossible,
God never said that. God cannot
require me to honor the man in the
White House, nor the unprincipled politicians,
tlie selfish demagogues rifev io both
Houses of Congress, who are bringing ruin
on the country."
Of his power of conversation a great
many have spoken; but in fact he never
conversed ; be harangued 39 earnestly when
alone with you as when in the legislative
halls. He loved the Booiety of young men,
and woo their hearts by the courtesy and
condescension with which he listened to
them It was, however, only that politeness
which was a striking taait in his character.
If he paused to listen, it was but
the interval between the flashes of lightning,
which soon blazes out again, smiting
and shivering all opposition.
As an orator, he was a perfect contrast
to Mr. Webster. It is well known to his
friends that he proposed Demosthenes as
his model, and studied closely those Grecian
master-pieces to which all knew what eloquence
means, how it is as high above mere
rhetoric as the heavens are above the earth,
will ever look up in admiration and rapture.
If, in his well known remark about "Action"
as the essential ingredient in speaking,
Demosthenes meaot graceful gesticulations.
the South Carolinian was defective.
There was something stiff, siogular, awkward
in his manner. But nobody, unless
it be a teacher of rhetoric, can ever thns
degrade those words of deep and noble wisdom.
No, again, No. It was not by the
puerile tricks and starts of an accomplished
declaimer that the Athenian
Wielded at will the fierce democracy.
Shook the arxenal, and fulmlned over Greece,
To Macedon and Artnxerxes' throne."
By "Action" he meant Delivery, earnest,
impassioned delivery, in which the whole
soul is fused into every utterance, and which
can no more live and glow with anything
artificial than fire and straw can dwell together
in a heated oven. Who can listen
to a more finished rhetorician than Mr. Everett?
His face and person were pleasing.
Every movement bad been practiced. His
beautiful passages filled the mind with admiration
and delight. But who ever felt
his heart buro within him ; who was ever
oonsoious of that "something immense and
infinite" of which Quintillian speaks ; who
ever found himself transported, melted to
tears, fired to enthusiasm, while listening
to his elaborate compositions? In straightforward,
close-linked argument, in a noble
contempt 'for all trappings and decorations,
in condensation, in a vocabulary terse and
emphatic in energy, vehemence, passion,
Mr. Calhoun closely resembled his illustrious
modelj while in all the moral qualifications
of a great orator be rose immeasurably
above him. For eveo his enemies
oonfessed that be possessed a courage which
no opposition could shake, and an integrity
which no temptation could corrupt.
In mental greatness, in learning, deep
thought, and all the attributes of the highest
order of genius, Mr. Clay was inferior
to his two great contemporaries. But in
the physical combinations, in all the natu*
ral furniture of a soul-stirring orator, he far
surpassed them both.
His moath, that most expressive feature,
was an organ created by God for the pronunciation
of large and beroical thoughts.
Then, what clear blue eyes, now calm in
their azure depths, then laughing in genial
mirth, and then, when he was thoroughly
roused up, sparkling, almost blazing. In
bis whole countenance what play of all generous
feelings; the sonl of honor, friendship,
chivalry, breathing in his face. Above
all, that magnificent voice; at one
moment soft and breezy; presently swelling
until it beat the vaulted roof and reverberated
far beyond the walls of the obamber,
away into the adjoining rooms and recesses.
Rufus Choate had no superior at home, but
going to Washington as a United States
Senator, he, on one oooasion drew upon
* " i ? 1 1 <? . f TT . __
nimseit a single Droaasiae irom me Kentucky
orator, and it so frightened him that
he was afterward almost silent, crest fallen, |
and (to employ his own favorite phrase) i
'' utterly flabbergasted " Everybody remembers
Mr. Clay's duel with Mr. Ran- ?
dolph. On his last journey North, in an
almost dying condition, the Virginian was i
carried into the Senate chamber. Mr.
Clay was speaking. "Stop," said the sick
man to those who bore him "Stop, let me
bear that voice. I came here to bear that I
voice once more before I die." The grace
and beauty of Mr. Clay's elocution were i
consummate; his whole being informed
with his subject, and instinct with the love
of truth. And his warm, gushing sympathies
seldom failed to draw you to him, and
bear you along with bim, causing you to
feel that "one touch of nature makes the
whole world kin." The last time I heard
him was at a meeting of the Colonization
Society. As be reolined in the chair, he
seemed to be an old man, "broken with the
storms of State." But when he arose and ?
spoke, there were no traces of years upon
him. All felt that his soul was still erect
and young, and that, as an orator, bis eye
was not dimmed, nor the force and vehemence
of his strength abated i
I had intended to say something of his
death; but this communication is already
too extended. His father was a Baptist
minister, and the son never forgot "the '
faithful saying" which he learned from that
father. Aod though he betrayed sad in
firmity as to religion, saying to Dr. Curtis, |
in Charleston, that "a public mun ought to 1
join no Church, if be wished to be popular"
(a sentiment, by the way, on which
thousands act without the candor to '
confess it), and after he had indootified
himself with a Church, frequenting the
theatre; yet he lingered long under the ,
salutary discipline of a sick room, his last
pillow was wetted with penitential tears,
and, of the three compeers, he alone departed
confessing himself a sinner, and ;
' reposing all his confidence upon the blood ;
righteousness of the Redeemer.
I sit here and look at the places which ,
once knew these three men, but now know ;
them no more, aod I say, O that they were
with us yet! Whatever their errors onoe, .
were they now living, 1 believe that in this [
crisis of our country's history their counsels J
would be those of moderation, wisdom and .
patriotism. Whatever their differences in ,
other days, hud they been spared, I am
coofident that, after the terrible lessons of ;
the last four years, they would have buried .
all animosities with one heart and one mind
have sought to quell the pussions of the
hour, and to lay broadly and deeply the
foundation of a union, harmony, liberty,
prosperity, which nothing could again disturb.
Their absence at a time like this
fills me with regret and sadness.- But "the
Lord reigneth." "In the year when King
? * r ict J
(Jzziah died, 1 saw tne JUora nign ana lined
up." The prophet mourned for the loss
of a wise and able Prince; but he found
consolation by raising his eyes to that King
who sits exalted in the heaveos, upon the
throne of the universe, ordering all events
for his glory, and for the accomplishment
of the desigo6 of unerring wisdom and
unchanging love.
Men of Genius.
Tasso's conversation was neither gay nor 1
brilliant. Buller was either sullen or bit 1
iog. Gray seldom or talked or smiled. Ho 1
garth and Swift were absent minded in 1
company. Milton was very unsociable, 1
and irritable when pressed into conversation. 1
Kirwau, though copius and eloquent in 1
public addresses, was meagre and dull in
colloquial discourses. Virgi! was heavy in
conversation. La Fontaine appeared heavy, '
coarse and stupid ; he could not speak and (
describe what he had just seen ; but when IJ
he was the model of poetry. Chaucer's '
silence was more agreeable than his conver- '
sation. Dryden's conversation was slow ! 1
and dull, bis humor saturnine and reserved, j
Corneille in conversation was so insipid that if
he never failed in wearying; be did not '
even speak correotly that language of which '1
he was such a master. Ben Johnson used to 1
sit silent in company and suck bis wine and '
their humors. Southey was stiff, sedate '
and wrapped up in asceticisms. Addison '
i.i. !(
was good company wun ma nuiLuaie mcnua, <
but in mixed company he preserved his dig- j
nity by a stiff aod reserved silence Fox : 1
in conversation never flagged ; his anirna- i 1
tion and vivacity were inexhaustible. Dr. '
Bently was loquacious, as was also Grotius. 6
Goldsmith "wrote like an angel and talked f
like poor poll." Burke was entertaining, f
enthusiastic and interesting in conversation. '
. I
Curran was a convivial diety, Leigh Hunt 1
was a pleasant stream in conversation.? *
Carlyle doubts, objects and constantly de- !1
mars. '
Odd Funeral Notices.?The Atltnta t
(Georgia) Mesgenyer gives the following odd s
notice of a deceased citizen of that place :? I
"He was the father of eleven sons, five 1
of whom married five sisters. He bad one 1
hundred and eighty nine grand obildreo, <
and at his funeral two weeks ago last Sab- >
bath, two horses were stung to death by i
bees, and came very near losing his life by 1
the same." <
The above is Dot the only siogalar thing
of the kind in Georgia. At Ringgold, iD
the most beautiful part of the cemetery,
there is this inscription upon a tombstone:?
"Sacred to the memory of Tennessee
Thompson, Jr. He lived to enliven the
happiness of his parents three years, two
monthsaDd twenty three days; when death
tore him from the mountain's brow. Ad
aDgel oaught and bore him o'er the sea, and
placed him in God's White House, to live
and play through all eternity."
Fram the Spartanburg Express.
List of our Governors.
We hope our young readers will preserve
this list for reference. Perhaps we may
have the pleasure of adding some of their
names to it as it grows in future years.
Of those in this list, Messrs Perry, Magrath,
Bonham, Piokens, Gist, Manning
and Aiken are living
John Drayton, Charles Pinckney and
John Rutledge were re elected. In the new
Constitution the Governor is not eligible to
a second term immediately after the first.
In one case the office has been held by
father and son?the Mannings. John
Drayton was the first to go through the
State reviewing the Militia. When he was
inaugurated in 1808, Lieut Gov. Nance
took the oath of office at the same time.?
But for half a century this was not done,
the office beiog considered a nominal one,
unless the Governor died. Lieut. Gov. M.
E. Cam was the first to revive tbc old custom
in 1858. It is a little singular that
this half century began and ended with officers
from our district?Samuel Farrow
having been elected Lieut Gov. in 1810,
and Gabriel Cannon in 1856
The Lieutenant Governor is now Ex-Officio
President of the Senate, and Mr. Por
ter very properly delivered an inaugural
address when he took the oath?a preoedent
which we hope will be followed as long as
we elect men who can deliver as good an
address as be did.
UNDER THE PROPRIETARY .GOVERNMENT.
William Sayle, 1GG9 Thomas Smith, 1692
Joseph West, 1671 Joseph Blake, 1694
John Yeainans, 1671 John Archdale, 1695
Joseph Went, 16741 Joseph Blake, ' 1696
Joseph Morton, 1682; James Moore, 1700
Joseph West, 1084 Nath'el Johnson, 1703
Richard Kirk, 1684 Edward Tynte, 1706
Robert Quarry, 1684 Robert Glbbns, 1710
Joseph Morton, 1685 Charles Craven, 1712
James Colleton, 1686 Robert Daniels, 1716
Beth Sothwcll, 1690 Robert Johnson, 1719
Phillip Ludwell, 1692,James Mpore, 1719
Arthur Middleton, 1719.
?21, during which a temporary republic
existed.
UNDER THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT.
Fran's Nicholson, 1721>W. H. Littleton, 1756
Arthur Middleton, 1725! William Bull, 1760
Robert Johnson, 1730lThos. Boone, 1762
Thos. Broughton, 17351 William Bull, 1763
Wm. Bull, 17371Chas. Montague, 1766
James Glen, 1743! William Bull, 1769
UNDER THE FIRST CONSTITUTION.
John Rutledge, 1775|Benj. Guerard, '783
R.Lowndes, 1778 Wm. Moultrie, 1785
John Rutledge, 1779|Tho?. Pinckney, 1787
John Matthews, 1782|Cbas. Pinckney, 1789
UNDER THE SECOND CONSTITUTION.
Chan. Pinckney, 1790 S. D. Miller, 1928
A. Vanderhorst, 1792 James Hamilton. 1830
Wm. Moultrie, 1794 Robert Y. Hayne, 1832
HI. Din. Irnn.i I TCS5 n M-floffi.. IBIS
MTRutle'dge"'7' 1*798; P." M?BuUer,' 1*836
I. Dnyton (nct'g)* 1800 Patrick Noble, 1838
John Drayton, 1800 Hennegan (aet'g) 1840
I. B. Richardson, 1802 J. P. Richardson, 1840
Paul Hamilton, 1804 J. H. Hammond, 1842
Charles Pluckney, 1806 Wm. Aiken, 1844.
lolin Drayton, 1808 David Johnson, 1846
H. Middletoo, 1810 W.-B. Seabrook, 1848
Inseph Alston, l812{John H. Means, 1860
D. R. Williams; 1814 J. L. Manning, 1852
Andrew l'ickens, 1816 J. II. Adams, 1864
John Geddes, 1818 R. F. W. Allston, 1866
Thomas Bennet, 1820 Wm. H. Gist, 1868
I. L. Wilson. 1822 F. W. Pickens, i860
Richard J. Manning, 1824 M. L. Bonhara, 1862
Fohn Taylor, 1826 A. G. Magrath, 1864.
Benj. Provisional Governor
from Jni^io December 1865
Id October, 1865, the State Constitution
was altered making the Governor and Lieut.
Governor to be elected by the people for
four yean.
under the third constitution.
James Laurence Orr, 1865
William D. Porter, Lieut. Governor.
*By the death of the Governor.
A Reminiscence of Stonewall Jackson.
his wound at the battle oe manassas
In the February number of the Richmond
Medical Journal, we fiod an able paper on
"gunshot wounds of joints," from the pen of
Dr. Hunter McGuire, Professor of Surgery
in the Virginia Medical College, aod, during
the war, Chief Surgeon of the Staff of
General Stonewall Jackson. In the course '
}f bis remarks, speaking of gunshot wounds
sf the hands, the doctor cites the case of
the wound received by his reoowned chief
it the first battle of Manassas. The doctor
writes:
When he made the celebrated charge
with his brigade, which turned the fortunes
>f the dav, be raised his lett band above
his head to encourage the troops and while
in this position, the middle finger of the
land was struck just below the articulation
jetwecu the first and second phalanges,
rhe ball struck the fioger a little on one
tide, broke it, and carried off a small piece j
)f the bone. He remained on the field,
wounded, as be was, till the fight was over,
ind then wanted to take part in the pursuit,
3ut was peremptorily ordered back to the
lospital by the general commanding.
On bis way to the rear, the wound pain- j
>d him so much that be stopped at the first:
jospital he came to, and the surgeon there!
j c . u..? i
proposed lu UUL lue uu^cr uu; uut wuno
;he doctor looked for bis instruments and ;
for a moment turned bis back, tbe General j
silently mounted bis horse, rode off, aud
soon afterward found me. I was busily engaged
with the wounded, but when I saw
lim ooming, I left them and asked him if
ie was seriously hurt. "No," he answerid,
"not balf as badly as many here, and I!
vill wait." And he forthwith sat down on
;he bank of a little stream near by, and posi- I
lively declined any assistance until, "his
;urn oame I" We compromised, however,
ind he agreed to let me attend him after I
lad finished the case I bad been dressing ;
when be arrived,?I determined to save tbe
ioger, if possible, and placed a splint along
;be palmer surface to support the fragments,!
etained it in position by a strip or two of
idhesive plaster, covered the wound with j
int to keep it wet with cold water. He?;
larefullj followed this advioe. I think he
' had a fancy for this kind of bydropathio
treatment, and I have frequently seen him
oocnpied for several hours pouring cup after
cup of water over his hand, with that patience
and perseverance for whioh he was
so remarkable. Passive motion was insitu
ted about the 20th day, and oarefully continued.
The motion of the joint improved
for several months after the wound bad
healed, and, in the end, the deformity was
very trifling.
During the treatment the hand was kept
elevated and oontinued in a sling, and when
the use of this was disoontinued, and the
hand permitted to hang down there, was, of
course, gravitation of blood towards it. Under
the oiroumstaocea you would expect this.
In oonsequence of it, however, the band was
sometimes swollen and painful, and to remedy
this he often held it above his bead for
some moments. He did this so frequently
that it became at length a habit, and was
continued, especially when he was abstracted,
after all necessity for it had ceased I
have seen it stated somewhere that, whenever
during a battle his hand was thus raised,
he was engaged in prayer; but I think
the explanation I have given is the correct
one. I believe be was the truest and most
consistent Christian I have ever known,
but I don't believe he prayed much while
he was fighting.
The Dignity.of Labor. ?
In our old regime of wealth and the elegant
indolence whioh wealth conspired to
eliminate, the mechanic arts languished and
suffered social degradation. The planter
held dominion, and all other men contributed
to make his position most enviable and
most powerful.. His sons were taught the
accomplishments of ancient Persians, when
Persia survived in Cyrus, and, as inheritors
of patriarchal acres, gave themselves little
concern about the avocations which are pursued
by the sons of toil. The vicissitudes
of life rarely shooked them by rude assaults
and revolutions of sphere. They managed
to live and die lords of the land, and, living
however stintedly, they were seldom
foroed into what they deemed menial labor.
All this immunity has passed away in a
great degree, whether happy or not, we do
uot pretend to say, but the fact remains,
and upon this fact we propose to descaot.
The planter's sons, shoulder to shoulder in
the ranks of war with the sons of mechanics,
learned to know and appreciate eaob
other, and, with the generous impulses of
youth,.the sooial barrier has been immeastifft
kin fBAabano/) Ktt tKo ll/tKf
uiauij w uj ?uw u^uv us UAMic
whiob shone in the eyes of either, and the
midnight bivoaao in whieh they shared their
oanteen or haversack. The arbitrament of
war being agaiost as, old systems having
been uprooted and destroyed, and desolation
being wide spread, it has oome to pass
that thousands of delicate hands seek una*
saal labor, and thousands of sobolars are
glad to earn a pittance from some Gradgrind
that profited while they bled. Gloriously
have these devoted men succumbed to in*
ovitable destiny and shown themselves worthy
of their proud estate of yore. Profoundly
do we honor and reverence this industrious
nobility of spirit, just as profoundly
as we abhor and despise those other men
who prefer the insect life of loafers to the
hard ordeal of work. It is not the trade, if
U be creditable, that humiliates the man ;
it is the man that makes the trade detestable
or honorable. Labor is no ourae. It
is, theologically speaking, the heriUge of
sin?but in God's economy, it has beoome
_ Ll..nin/a HPltAWA 1 rt A h A Vt*\l AnCfl (a* A
CI UiCKlUg. jlucic 10 uu uappucoa ivji kuo
drone, and he is made to experience this
misery always and inexorably. A thousand
times better is the man that gains a livelihood
by honorable labor in health of body,
mind and soal; and a thousand times more
respectable is be than the lazy creatures who
scorn to work, and damn the miserable negro
for the very idleness tbey wallow in
themselves. The grandest thing in all the
Confederate story is the alaority with which
our best and bravest have gone to work ?
They do not feel disgraced; and they who
fought and starved, under Gardner at Port
Hudson are proud of their old commander
as the looal reporter of a New Orleans Journal.
There is an undying halo' round
Professor Lee, and the old First Corps
think uoue the less of James Longstreet,
Commission Merchant, any more than the
cavalry of the West would shun N. B.
Forrest, head oj a saw mill.
The monarcbs of Europe are all taught
trades, and very useful do they sometimes
hod them. Crowns and soeptres are uncertain
matters, but a substantial trade can
never come amiss How shall a considerate
pareot imagine bis ohild lowered by
being taught a trade, when even the Haps
burg and the Bourbon have found the virtue
of such tuition? We have a superb
chance to elevate the mechanic arts in the
? ? I- -I AI .1 IJ
SoutD ana rnaae mem wuai iiiey buuuiu
be ever deemed?honorable. To the mechanic
we owe nearly all the solid prosperity
of the country, and that class which produced
a Watt, a Stephenson, a Brunei, a
Winans, and a host of benefaotora of their
race, is more to be regarded than all the
desolators since the flood, whether they wear
the shaggy orown of Attila or the usurped
purple of Napoleou.
It would be a herculean labor, to sum up
the responsibilities attached to the disciples
of the mecbanio arts. Take, for example,
an engineer. What a cargo of precious
lives does he daily hold iu his hand: what
sleepless vigilanoe must he not exhibit?
what fertile resources husband? It is a
false pride that seeks to trample these meu;
it is the purest gentility to seek their advancement
and respeot their worth. We
always foster any improvements looking forward
to the dignity and progress of labor;
the man of honorable toil shall not find us
lukewarm in his interest or cold to the mau "
e l; t_;n A Pnmmti'hi.
irestaiiODs 01 qui bkiu.?jluyvm** w.
tionaltit.
1&* What ig the wont kind of fair for a
man to live on 1 Warfare.