Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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william wbieast.)proprietora- 3>n Iitbtpcnbcnt Jfantiljt |lflospafifr: Jfor tjjc ^promotion of t|t |)oIitiraI, Social, Agricultural anb Commercial Interests of % Souijj. {82 peh yeah.1n advance. 9 VOLUME 7. YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 24, 1861. NUMBER 43. I IS { ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, AT Two Dollars a year, in Advance. THREE COPIES, S3 35, 10 COPIES, $i5, ' And an Extra Copy to the person making a Club of Ten?the money to be paid in Advance. ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at One Dollar persquare for the first, and THIRTTSEVKN-aND-A-HaLF Cents for each subsequent insertion (less than three months.) A Square consists of the space occupied by 10 lines of this size type ; 100 words, or ONE INCH space. No Advertisement considered less than a snuare. OP" All Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on the margin, will be continued untilforbid and charged accordingly. f jp* Quarterly, Semi-Annual or Yearly contracts will be made on liberal terms?the contracts, however, must in all cases be confined to the immediate business of the firm or individual contracting. Semi-Monthly, Monthly, or Quarterly Advertisements, will be charged one Dollar per squarefor each insertion. For Advertising Estrays Tolled, $2; to be paid by the Magistrate. Citations, 82; to be paid in advance by the person applying. Notices of Application to the Legislature, 6." ; to paid"by the person handing in the advertisement. Insolvent Debtors Notice, 88 ; payable in advance. Attachment Notices,88; to be paid for by the Attorney in the case. Business Cards, of a half-square or less, will be inserted at A". a/Uainnnl line jit Cy* Announcements of Marriages or Deaths : Notices of Religious Meetings published GRATIS and solicited. Tributes of Respect rated as advertisements, ry* Obituary Notices exceeding one square in length, will be charged for the overplus at regular advertising rates. '.'Personal Communications, when admissible; communications of limited or individual interest, or recommendations of Candidates for offices of honor, profIt or t rust will be charged for at from 3 to 10 cents per line. The Army of the Potomac. Fairfax, October 10, 1861. Desertions are becoming very frequent from the Federal army. Yesterday three men came into our lines. Through the courtesy of Col. S. B. Paul, the popular Provost-Marsiial of this post, I was allowed to converse with them. Having been for some time on the out-post, this side of the river, they were not well acquainted with the state of affairs in Washington, and ! knew comparatively nothing beyond what i could be gleaned from the newspapers.? i From a young man of much intelligence, I from New Jersey, I succeeded in getting a < few facts that may be interesting. His < name is William S. Clark, of Newark, be- ] longs to the 3d New Jersey regiment, and i has been five months in the service. While < r>n niolrpf near Bailev's Cross Roads bo was I J detected iQ giving papers to oar men, and < was ordered under arrest. He was courtmartialed, but the result of the trial was ' Dot known to him, and he was immediately I retumedtotheguardhou.se. As there had i "been so much shooting going on for trivial offences, (I give his own words,) he con- i eluded the safest way was to "slope for the | land of Dixie." The next business was to i obtain an opportunity, aod Clark says : "I wanted to wash, and got permission of the officer of the guard to go to the stream and return in three hours. A guard was sent with me, but we procured some liquor, and in a short time be got very drunk, and, while I was washing, fell asleep under a tree. I took advantage of the chance, and ran to where I had seen some of your pickets. I waved my haversack to them, and I said surrendered and was a deserter. They brought me here. "Soldiers are coming this side of the river every day. They are fresh arrivals, but are nearly all drilled. There is a great deal c 1 ,lQ monu ?vi fiftaari 01 cavalry SUOIC oay ao UJI.UJ ^.ivvu thousand, and some more. It is generally thought that Gen. B. McClellan has 95,000 men under him. General McDowell has command of a division of the army now in Alexandria. Brigadier Generals Kearney and Franklin have command of the advance. "They are responsible for everything outside the fortifications as far as the pickets go. General Kearney's command consists of the 1st, 2nd, 3d and 4th infantry regiments of New Jersey, battery A of Hoboken, seven brass pieces, and three or four companies of Colonel Young's Kentucky cavalry. General Franklin commands the first division of the army of the Potomac His own brigade is composed of four New York regiments, a light battery of more pieces than the Hoboken battery and some cavalry. These generals have been made responsible for all property embraced in their lines. If any man is caught firing any house, barn, out-building or hay-rick, he is to be shot. "I cannot ootice any diminution in the war feeling, judging from the papers, but I know of many brigades that are opposed to the war. All the New Jersey papers that spoke against it have been destroyed. I recollect three now that have been mobbed, the 'Newark Evening Journalthe 'Burlington Democrat,' the 'Trenton Journal,' j^snksome others^but the names have me. TjflB^neral impression a flHjgong the men is tnlfthey are going to whip the next fight, and that it will settle the war. All believe they will be at home by the Christmas holidays. "The excuse offered by those men who are ashamed of the whipping they got at Manassas is, that the troops were all enlisted for three months, and as their time out, or nearly so, they did not care to "McClellan is very generally liked t>y the men. He is so kind to every body and does not only bow and touch his hat, but will converse familiarly with his men. Iie( ofteu rides about amongst them, examining the teuts aud provisions The morning that your men left Munson's Hill we heard that McClellau had slept in Fairfax Court House, and there was great cheering at the news. I have heard it said that McClellan is not ready to advance and will not be for two months, and that he will resign if the Administration iusists upon it. He wishes to drill his cavalry. "Our men are well provided with all kinds of equipments, and of the best quali ty. Our tents have floors. We are not allowed straw, but have our heavy over UUillfi UUU UlU A u\ men grumble most at meat. We have nothing but salt junk, that appears to have made several voyages around Cape Horn and back. Occasionally wo get fresh beef. Most of the brigades have a bakery. The ( companies are allowed three cooks each.? The messes are variously divided, but some regiments have company messes Tlx- living is not very good. We get but little liquor. If any person is caught selling it in Alexandria he is banished?that is a new mode of punishment?they have adopted. Negroes are at once put to work gs cooks, officers' servants or teamsters ? They are generally very hard upon them, and are less merciful, I believe, than their Southern masters. The privates get thirteen dollars per month, and get it in gold every two months. I do not know of anything else that would be interesting to you. I may say, however, that the fortifications around Washington and on this side are very strong. Heavy guns are mounted on them. Some are mined. I assisted in digging about one hundred feet under Fort Ellsworth. There is now a whole brigade of Fire Zouaves. The New York men now seem the most rabid for the war. Our men x.: Ki.u ~:-i. :* " are ?*eiuu^ a nunc siua ui it Some time ago, while the 12th Mississippi Regiment were on picket near Springfield, they were fired at from Fort Ellsworth At the same time a portion of Col. Seibel's rifles the 6th Alabama, both in Gen. Ewell's brigade, were attacked while on a foraging expedition. Several shells were fired at them, but all fell short, or burst in the air, missing their mark by at least half a mile. These shots were fired by McCIellan in person, and did not reflect great credit upon Lis skill as an artilleryman. The accuracy with which our officers use their pieces is truly remarkable ; for, from the time my friend Colquitt sent his rifle balls whizzing through the Monticello, from his battery at Sewell's Point, in every engagement, up to the present, the enemy have testified to the wonderful manner in which our guns have been handled. Of the above firing Mr. Clark says: "I wasstauding on the parapet of the fort when Gen. B. McCIellan and his staff ^ t . .\r came by. ne saia to me, 'iouug mau, do you see any men dowa there?' Ireplied that I did not. He examined with his glasses and said he saw several. 'Yes,' says he, 'there's a party g.tting hay. Man the guns, boys; I'm d?d if I don't give them a shot.' I rammed the piece and McOlellan aimed and fired. We all saw the shells fell short or burst in the air. The piece was elevated, and the last shot fired it Mason's Hill, but we could not see the sffect of it." Since I have been writing the above another man has arrived from Washington. He says McClellanhas near25,000 cavalry The Federals are expecting; an advaoce from us. They do not understand the evacuation of the line of hills by .Falls Church A British nobleman is no-wthg guest of Sen. Beauregard. He is Sir James Ferguson, of Scotland, a young man of prepossessing appearance, agreeable manners, a member of Parliament, has a fine military education, and, I learn, distinguished himself in the Crimean war. His object is to gain a knowledge of the American war, iD all its phases, by personal observation ? Yesterday evening, Gen. Beauregard, his staff, and Sir J. Ferguson, visited the Washington Artillery. They mingled freely with the men, and seemed to have a good time generally. Sir James expresses himself well pleased with our artillery, arid says it has more celerity in its movements than the English. The encampments also are laid out in better style. The infantry he thinks exceedingly good for volunteers. nit . i * j ine siaiwan iveiJiucKiaiis mew co peoial attention, and he spokd&?Wy of the men from that State he had seen in a recent visit. Prince Polignac seemed to enjoy himself, conversing freely in his own language.? Cor. Richmond Dispatch. The .North and the South. At the commencement ?f this deplorabk struggle, there can be bttt little doubt that believing it to be simply a question of sla very, from an imperfect knowledge of it: causes, and a national impulse on the pari of the British subjects to support the pow ers that be, the strongest disposition wa> manifested throughout Canada to advocate the cause of the Northern States; but geu erally, as the clouds of doubiand uncertainty which surround the question were, bj the actions, "manifestoes!.'wud "messages" of the Washington authorities dispersed, we have been taught to believe the struggle now only commencing is simply one between the mob law and tyrannical abuse of the North, against the constitutional freedom and the right to proper representation ol the South, and a somewhat sudden revul sion of feeling displayed itself, not ouly id Canada, bat we may say, throughout the whole civilized world. When we find the President, in his message, misquoting the Declaration of Independence, "all men were created equal," suppressing the word "free," as if the idea were unp'easant to him?when we fiad the doctrine advanced that "the Union created the States, and not the States the Union" ?when we find the argument used thai since Louisiana and Florida were purchased, these States have no right to "rebel," without the remembrance of the fact thai the sale of lands to the residents in these States has repaid the treasury tenfold the amount of the purchase money?when we know that even in the Northern States the negro is infinitely more of a real slave anc worse treated than in the South?when we see before us daily the grossest instances ol corruption and peculation in the transac tions of dignitaries?when we read of the wholesale resignations of Northern officers aod their greatest General hunied to de feat by the pressure ajid howlings of at outside mob?when we read of thousands of soldiers insisting on their discharge, or the ground that their term of office had ex pired, and marching homeward througl their advancing fellow-soldiers, to the musii of the booming of the enemy's cannous? ~i 1 1 l i- .u:., ,.?j wueu we reuu uuu itjy^u nu mia, auu wn, ess the disorder, dtfifjjjytiou, the vain boast inp;, in sl^^^hc: tys, 'Dialoli, which per vade th^Hfl|Rhe Northern States, is i any wonder, indeed, that we turn wit! loathing from the contemplation of such i picture, refuse our sympathies, and thank ful that our own Constitution preserves u from ever being similarly situated, deplor ! ing sadly and deeply that civil war shouk I rage among some twenty-five millions of ou own kinsfolk, speakiug the same laoguagi | as ourselves, exclaim fr^m our inmost soul I ?God preserve the right, i It is sheer nonsense to endeavor to iden 'tify the Northern cause with freedom, ei 'therforthe black or white. Freedom i; j unknown in the North. Universal suffragi ! has thrown the power of Government int< jthe hands of the mob, and the cducate( land the thinking classes, for the most part hold themselves uloof from any participation in its sentiments or actions. Lincoln seems to have become the mere mouth-piece of the rowdies, who control and gag the press, and insist upon being regaled with a series of disgraceful, vain boastings, and offensive articles directed against the British power, and advocating the conquest of Canada. As British subjects and Canadians^ we naturally feel these outrages and insults (though we can well afford to laugh at the threats,) andean have just cause to feel the strongest antipathy to the Northern States, apart altogether from our sympathies, with what we must call justice to the South. [ Quebec Morning Chronicle, Sept. 11. Criticizing our Generals. We observe, says the Nashville American, in some quarters, a decided disposition to carp ot the movements of the generals lw% AAmman^ r\f tKft rinnfaflnPOf/i fVlfAPQ Ill UUUiUiaUU VI VIIU vvuivviviuw >v? WM, without sufficient knowledge of the facts upon which the censure is based. We had hoped the South would be spared any imitation of the Yankee journals, as to the conduct of the generals in command of their troops. These carping journals have not hesitated to dictate the plan of the campaign to those intrusted with the direction of military affairs. Such conduct is in keeping with Abolition vulgarity, presumption and arrogance. But we had expected more magnanimity, decency and patriotism at the South, and we have not been greatly disappointed, only we observe occasionally an itohing, which we hope inadvertent, to deal hard blows at the able leaders of our forces. When all the facts transpire with reference to the campaign, which, of necessity, cannot now be disclosed without material injury to our great cause, it will be time euough for the military critic to unsheath his cold and glittering blade But in the very front of the enemy, when it is conceded that our armies have done well, if they have not done all that ardent civilians could wish it is manifestly unjust, unpatriotic and presumptuous to attempt censure upon those gallant meu who are attracting the admiration of the world The man ' who would put into print his censures, save with .the view to correct obvious mismanagement, however well-intentioned are his ob&r^ions, should blush for shame at the probable injustice he may do our gallant defenders. We had thought that Greeley's ,lorV to Richmond," and Raymond's elaborate inili tary articles, would affect our people with such disgust that no oue would attempt their repetion in the South. ,.# General Pike's Speech. The Cherokeea met Gen. Pike, Confed erate Commissioner, and Major llector Superintendent, at Talequali, Cherokee Nation, on the 25th of September, according to previous appointment. The Cherokees asssembled in large numbers, aod the regi-| . .. j i- i i... n .i n??.? ~?.,o ?\r, ?i,? lueut UUUILliaU'ieU uy VUI. ISIUW) vrao vu v??v, , ground. At the appointed hour the Cherokee regiment formed, leaving a large square in which the Commissioners, Superinteadetrt, and ChertHtee officials were seated.? A Confederate flag was presented bj the Cherokees to the Commissioner, which was followed by a speech by "Gen. - Pike' to the | Indians, and which was responded to by Mr. 'Ross. After which Mr. Ross apprjacbed Col. Stand Watie, and offered his hand, q* i suring him of renewed frieuthfiip * -Watie , took hi?fca"b(f and said to MrRoss, if he had done this in 1846, the Cherokees would s now be a united people, bqt there now ex; isted a party in the uu*i^,' known as the pin party, and while they held their politii cal organization there could be no peace. i Mr. Ross assured Watie that he knew nothing of the party, and that he had nothing to do with it. After a little parley, rnat' ters were hushed up, and the Commission er and the authorities proceeded to the ar, ranging the preliminaries for the treaty. i The above particulars were received from a person who was present, who sent it to us i by a friend. There will be two regiments < ? i-J i? ; oi vjneroisees, one coiuuiauuuu wiuuci ? Stand Watie, who has had a battalion in the field all summer and fall, and the other i by Col. John Drew, who was appointed to > the command by Mr. John Ross. vVatie is the leader of the Southern Rights Party. The "Pin Indians," as tiiey are called, is composed mostly of full bloods. They derived tbfcir name from wearing a pin, in i a certain positiou, in the lappel of the coat, i or hunting shirt, which was the means of . recognition. This the other party discovered, and hence the name of "Pin Indians." : ?Fort Smith Times. Difficulties of the North.?Among L the many reasons assigned by Northern ! men for the cruel war now waged by the : North against the South, we do not recol: lect to have seen the honest truth more > plainly told, than fell from the lips of Gen. I McClellan, aud set forth in the following i extract: f A few months ago, Gen. McClellan was . asked by a friend from Kentucky?"Do 5:you expect by this war to subjugate the , South?" "Subjugate the South!" boreplied. "No, sir; the North can no more subjugate the South than the South can subjugate the North." "What, then, do you propose as the object and justification of this ho-rid war?" The answer was: "Well, sir, this war is a military necessity to the North. We are obliged to fight you, or we shall have to fight one another.? , There is an impression abroad unfavorable i to our courage ; the same opinion prevails jat the South ; and if we did not fight, we f oKnuM loan tKa ncor q larrrn nnrfmri V .U5V r""U" i of our own people. So we are under a ne i cessity to fight." The Central Presbyterian, of Richmond, 5 is responsible for the statement, having re ceived it from "good authority " I r That Balloon.?One of our exchanges j i mentions that a balloon, carrying up seves ral officers from Washington on Sunday last, had not been heard of. Perhaps it is - the same alluded to in the following from - i the Raleigh Standard: si A.Stranoe Visitor ?It is said that 3! several persons saw, on Sunday morning II last, about 5 o'clock, a large balloon pas1'sing over this c;ty at a moderate speed, to, i wards the South. It is described as being well lighted up, not very high, with flags, etc., and with at least four persons in it.? It is also reported that another was seen on Monday morning or Sunday night. We are unable to account for it, yet it is not impossible that the mronauts of the Poto mac or Old Point may have been driven by currents of air beyond their moorings. We know that Prof. Lowe was only a few months ago driven from Cincinnati to South Carolina. If the four aeronauts should prove to! be Prof. Lowe, Abe Lincoln, Billy Seward and Gen. McClellan, and should light between this and the South Carolina line, we should rejoice. Look out for them. The Manassas. The following is a brief description of the iron-clad steamer which did such good service at the Passes the other day : "The Turtle, it is said, did all the exe cation, and has proved a complete success. Most of our readers are acquainted with her peculiar construction, hut as the enemy has seen aod felt her there is no impropriety in describing her. She is encased with iron an inch thick, and is shell and shot proof. Her construction is very strong and symmetrical. In front, several feet under water, projecting from her bow, is a machine like a scythe, that burst anything "wide open" that it comes in contact with. In the water the Turtle, looks like the hull of a steamboat bottom side up. Of an oval shape from the water-line up, every ball or shell would glance harmlessly off It has but oue aperture, and that conceals a ten-inch howitzer in front. When in range this, which is just large enough for the muzzle of the gun, is opened and the howitzer discharged. The recoil is suffi cient to permit the "door" or "hatch" to fall, which it does of its own weight, and presents the same imperviousness to shot and shell as the remainder of the novel structure. Its complete success demonstrates the fact, that it is only necessary to "turn her loose" to demolish the whole of Lincoln's navy. From tlif Southern Guardian. The Confederate States War Tax. Mr. Editor: In looking over the columus of papers from several of our Confederate States, we see- that the editors and others are cfistfu'ssing the manner in which this tax is to be paid, and vexing themselves upon the v?ys and' means -therefor.? Now, why this hellabaloo, when it is yet some months off before the tax will be called for ? Our Congressmen evidently ex-" | pected ouj?.ports to be open and a sale for (our produce Ion*before this time. So do ; we believe. The.trnth is, Mr. Editor, that England and Euftipe twist and.tfirn as much as they pf^e^may call upon China, nnd Afrinn as well as their East fa "wr"""" "w ? y dia possessions, for*cotton, but the answer will.be only echo. It can't be did, s<>/? ifhey must have our cotton or starve. Let usrtl.en hnfchon until these countries ha^ their eyes opeued to the nature of their fymi interest. Nor can England and 'France complain if we hold on, and use this element of our strength for our own safety, any more th{j?*i?e could.ycom^lain of their use of guqppwder and Lalls. Let us then go on now in providing for the comfort of our soldiers, and leave the war tax for-the time wheu it will press upon us. -We believe so 8trpm#ly ip'^Justice of our cause, that we have no fear but that by May next a way will be opened not only for the payment of this tax, but also for our own pri vate debts. "Sufficient unto'the day is the evil, thetUof/' says the good book. Let us then be wise and act upon the maxim, leaving for the future difficulties that may never come. These are my sentiments.? I hope Lgjpn't intrude.. ^ PAUL PRY. ?> > The Blockade. Ciipt. Hollins has led the way in showing how the very ineffectual blockade of Lincoln may be broken up. Although the proof and evidence of its inefficiency, both by incoming and outgoing vessels, have beeu established beyond a doubt, we do not perceive that the European Governments have given any manifestation of their determination to enforce the strict construction of the law of blockade, as understood and laid down by them. True, we have a report that Lord Lyons has officially notified the Lincoln Govern ment that the arrival of the Benymida in Savannah was sufficient eviS^nc^.^fuJt the blockade was ineffectual, yet it retails to be seen what action his Government will take in the premises. In our opinion, we attach too much importance to the action of foreign Governments in this particular. The South, within herself, is able to break up the blockade, and it becomes the duty of our Government to organize the proper ?-*n ttm 1 manna fn An an uavui tuuuuo ww uv wv Captain Hollins has demonstrated what may be accomplished. In all our other seaports the same thing can and ought to be done. We have materials and shipbuilders', we have scientific men, who can construct "floating batteries" and iron clad vessels. Let them go to work; let the Government authorize the construction of such vessels, and it will not be long before the blockading fleet, composed chiefly of hired vessels will be dispersed from our coast-. We ought to incur no debt of obligation to foreign powers to break up the obstacles to our commercial intercourse with the world, and it will be one of our highest claims to a full recognition of independence, when we can demonstrate that, by land and sea, we are perfectly competent to thwart the designs and repel the assaults of our eneoiy.?Guardian. Commercial Convention. Macon, October 17.?The Convention, in Weduesday evening's session, passed the following resolutions: To sequestrate the property of such alien enemies as have sons in the Confederate army for the benefit of those sons ; approving the plan of a marine battering ram, by J. R. Butts recommending if fnv ort.infinn Ktt fhrt ITlfin t flf ...w the Confederate States, and that subscription be opened in the Convention to put it in operation; declaring the importance of opening railway communication with the I coal and iron uii-es in North Carolina ; declaring that leturn cargoes of our produce should be furnished vessels bringing goods from foreign port9, but that do accumula- < tion of produce or stocks should be allowed \ in our sea-ports ; requiring the Post Office < Department to establish postal relations I with European Governments as soon as i possible. The Convention, after the adoption of some other unimportant resolutions, ad- ' journed at 102 o'clock, to meet in Mont- ' gomery, on the first Monday in May, 1862. Colonel Aahby's Fight. ( The Richmond Dispatch, of Saturday, i has the following interesting account of the successful skirmish mentioned in the our i telegraphic columns on baturday last: Official advices have been received at | the War Department of an attack, by Col. Turner Ashby, commanding a small force, with a superior body of the enemy, ou Wednesday, the 16th instant, at a place called Bolivar, contiguous to Harper's Fer ry. The Federals, numbering, with subse* qent reinforcements, from 800 to 1,000 men were seDt over to protect the transportation of grain from Hurr's Mill, on Shenandoah Island, and Colonel Ashby, with 550 men. 300 of whom were militia, met and drove them back with considerable slaughter.? The action commenced at 8 o'clock in the movning, and terminated about 11. It is to be particularly noted as the first in which the Virginia militia have been engaged in a hand-to-hand encounter with the enemy, and the result reflects the highest credit upon that branch of the service. At a charge bayonets, they drove the Hessians before them down the hill into the village of Harper's Ferry, at which point iu the pursuit tbev were checked by a detachment of artillery, supposed to have been Doubledayis battery, stationed on the Maryland Heights Col. Ashby now withdrew his troops to a point behind the hill, for the purpose of protecting them from tne shot and shell, which fell thick and fast around them, but fortunately with little effect. The loss of the enemy in the engagement, as reported by a woman who afterwards came out from Harper's Ferry and saw the dead carried away in wagons, was at least fifty or sixty, in additiou to which our men captured twelve or fourteen prisoners. Among the latter are some "Uuion" men, who had been particularly 'busy in aiding the Federals by means of isiguals. Our loss was one killed (Zamper, j of the Shenandoah militia) and ten wounded?two supposed mortally. Col. Ashby's success would have beeu much greater but for a lack ot cannon, and Very few of the enemy would have escaped from the field of battle. He had but one inefficient gun, and another improvised for ! the occasion?a 24-pounder mounted on wagon wheels, which, any artillerist will readily Concede, wus verj difficult to manage. Justice to this brave and gallant officer demands that he should be amply supplied with every facility for successful warfare, tWticrepse his influence on that border as a terror .to the invaders. By a curious coincidence this fight took place on the second anniversary of the Jolin Brown raid, at>i in the very locality of that notable event. Rev. James B. Averick, chaplain of Col. Ashby's regiment, who reache^l the city yesterday afternoon, is bearer of dispatches to the War Department. The Walled Lake. The wonderful Walled Lake is situated in the central part of Wright county, Iowa. The shape of the lake is oval. It is about two miles in length, afid oue mile wide in the widest part, comprising an erea of some 2,000 acr|9. The wall enclosing this lake is over sirShiles in length, and is built or, composed of stones varying in size from! boulders of two tons weight down to a small | pebble, and intermixed with earth. The top of the wall is uniform in height, above the water in part3, which makes its height to vnry on the laud side according to the unevenness of the country from two to twelve feet in height. In the highest part, the wall measures from teu to twelve feet thick at the base, and four to.six at the top. inclining each way?outward ao<J inward. There is no outlet, but the thke frcifSfeg^y rises and flows over the top of the wall. The lake at the deepest part is about ten feet in depth, and abounds iu large and fine fish such as pike, mackerel, bass, perch, (fee. The water is as clear as crystal, and there is no bubbling to indicate any large springs or feeders. Wild fowls of all kinds are plenty upon its bosom. At (Inaj&tbh. end are two small groves of about ten acfes each, no other timber being near. It has the appearanoe of being walled up by human bands, and looks like a huge fortress, j yei^iere are no rocks in that vicinity for mi^ around. There are no visible signs of?ue lake being the result of volcanic actions, the bed being perfectly smooth and the border of regular form. The lake is about seventeen miles from Boon river on the west, eight miles from Iowa on the west, and about one hundred and twenty miles from Cedar Rapids. It is one of the greatest wonders of the West, and has been already visited by hundreds of curiosity seekers. Finances of the Confederacy.?A late number of the Richmond Whig gives the following gratifying intelligence. *}t says : "From one in a situation to be well informed, we learn that the financial condition of the Confederacy is far batter than we had supposed. The whole expenditure of the Government, up to this day, does not exceed fifty millions. This does not include the expenditures by the States and voluntary contributions. We also hear that the authorities feel no fear of not b. !ng able to raise whatever sums may be necessary for the public cause. We are glad to hear this, and it will be reassuring to the country." This announcement will surprise everybody. The manner in which the States L A. .U. * In j uave come 10 lue sujjyuio ui me uuuimvi rate treasury in its time of need affords some ! evidence of the resources and moral power of our new Government. And yet no j State has seriously embarrassed itself. All ; could do ten times as much as they have 'done without oppressing the people. Just think of it; only fifty millions up I to the present time, while the Lincoln gov-1 mmmammmmmmmmmammmmmmammmmammmmmMmmmmtm srnment is groaning under a burden of eight millions per Keek! Let nations abroad jontemplate this picture, and then say how long it will take the Lincoln tyranny to jonquer and subjugate us. A Little Too Willing.?The following little scene occurred not a thousand miles from our whereabouts : Enthusiastic individual volunteers for the war; wonders what effect it will have up3n his wife; goes home-to impart the direful intelligence to his devoted wife; ex frnrn puvjia ixuy aiuuuut uiouu^ ouncac^ i?u-; nuui devoted wife : Husband, timidly?"Well, Molly, Iv'e got something to tell you?something that won't exactly please you?" Wife.?"Oh well, Thomas ! out with it." Husband.?"The fact is, Molly, I?I?; but first promise me that you won't cry." Wife.?"I won't cry, Thomas, unless it is very bad." Husband.?"Well, Molly, I?I?I am going to the wars with Capt. 's company; now don't take on, my cherished angel!" Wife.?"Oh, no, Thomas, I won't! I'm satisfied and much pleased at your determination. I can take care of myself while you are gone." Husband.?Astounded at wife's indifference?"And you are willing that I shall go and leave you unprotected?" Wife.?composedly?"Certainly, perfectly willing. I can take care of myself; don't be alarmed ou my account." Husband.?thinks he smells a rat? "You say that you are perfectly willing that I shall go and fight in my country's de9" Wife.?"Yes, Thomas; what can be more noble than to die in the defence of one's country 1" Husband.?to whom the idea of dying never occurred?"And you tell me coolly and dispassionately that you are willing that I shall go?" Wife.?"Yes, Thomas, perfectly willing." Husband.?starting up in a rage.? "Well Molly, all that I have to sa^ is, that you are a little ton willing." And Thomas joined the Home Guards The Steamer Bermuda.?Now that the Southern Press has been enlightened by the N Y. Herald on the subject of the arrival of the Bermuda, her cargo, etc., we venture to trausfer to these columns the following description of her appearance, which we fiud in one of the papers of the interior: She has the rig of a full rigged brig, and coming into port under sail, with a light head of steam, and her smoke stack down, her appearance, at a short distance, indicated nothing more than an ordinary brig.? She has no sigu of port holes from the outside, and the only indication on the decks that she is designed for a war vessel, is the presence of four ring bots firmly fixed in the decks. She is designed to carry four guns on deck, and although there are no gun carriages to be seen, yet there are four ten inch rifle cannon slimy in a way that they could be brought into action, bad there been occasion, on very short notice.? Her bulwarks, instead of being solid, us usual, were constructed of fancy wire netting. She presents a beautiful appearance externally, and when she is fully fitted for action she will, no doubt, prove an ugly customer for the enemy to cope with. The Batteries on the Potomac.? Federal Steamer fired Upon.?We have gathered some interesting intelligence from members of Capt. Chandler's oorps of artillory, from old Caroliue, who were detached from their company at No. 2 battery on the Potomac, and sent to Evansport for temporary service at one of the guns. With regard to the conditiou of affairs at the lat ter point, it may be safe to say that the river is virtually blockaded. On the rnoruiog of the 15th instant the Federal steamer J^ucuhonfas passed down the river, firing two shots, which were not returned ; but preparation was made at once to^ give a warm salutation to the next passer by.? About an hour afterwards a large threemasted steamer, supposed to be the Seminole, hove in sight, when our batteries opened with telling effect, and she was struck some five or six times. The next moruiug the hated Pawned sought to rue the blockade, and succeeded; but soou called for the assistance of.tjvo tugs, bj which she was attended as far as Maryland Point. ^jrTbere are now about fifty sail vessels lay tng^Tff Acquia Creek, feariny'tij^pags the batteries, -they make the aiukivfjt, they will encounter obstacles which may deter others from following their example. Richmou'l_ Dispatch. How Gen. Lee's pAn was Thwarted.?Major Allensworth, who has recently returned fro? Western Virginia, furnishes the Nashville papers with the cause of Gen. Lee's plan to entrap and whip the Lincolnite army in that section being frustrated. The plan, it seems, was admirably arranged, and Cheat Mountain was at one time surrounded by the Confederates under Generals Lee, -Anderson, Loving, Dcnelson and Jackson, and had it not been for the killing of Col. John A. Washington, who had in his possession the plans of attack, a brilliant victory would have been the result.? On hearing, however, of the death of his aid, (Colonel Washington,) General Lee, with his accustomed prudence, promptly orderd our troops to their former positions. Petersburg Express The Legislature. We are requested to state that Governor Pickens wrote some time ago to request the President to grant furloughs to all the members of our Legislature now in any branch of service in our army in Virginia, and the President has replied that the furloughs desired will be granted. We are gratified to learn this, and hope that members will not throw up their com missions as sucn, except wnere tueir reteution will be likely to affect seriously either branch of the public service. The country is averse to disturbing them, and is averse to elections at such a time as this.? Columbia Guardian, 21s?. I Letter from Secretary Memminger. Richmond, October 18. A letter from Secretary MemmiDger ad- o! dressed to the receivers of the subscription h to the produce loan, appears in the Rich- 01 mond Enquirer of this morning. He ad T vises the commissioners to continue their ii efforts to increase the loan, notwithstanding d the blockade, and declares that the Government has control of the produce itself, and si does not regulate its time of sale or price, b and says the subscription is confined to the ri proceeds of sales, and contains an order on t; the commission merchant or factor of the C planter to pay over to the treasurer the a- o mount subscribed, in exchange for Confede- P rate bonds. He says further, that it be- 1 comes the interest of both parties to wait C for a good price, and the Government will o readily consent to the postponement of the v sale. The Secretary then devotes the larger p portion of his letter to the inquiry about extending material aid from the Government a to planters," and S3ys no power is granted to j, any Department to lend money for the re- ( lief of any iaterest. What Congress may j, do the Secretary is unable to state. Clothing and Stores for the Sol- | diers.?The aggregate amount of olothing, ( stores, &c., reported at the Passport Office ^ in Richmond thus far is $396,694, which is not, however, three-fourths of the amount. Quantities of olothing and stores /inn r?rt Kn rvt*l TToffl frfl . uavc uccu vuurwjrviu %jj pixuvv mmumw -v the army, of which the Chief of the Passport Office has received no returns. It is ^ estimated that enough clothing will have been received in the course of the ensuing month, to furnish the entire army, and 1 without the cost of a dollar to the Govern- ( ment. ( A Visit to Fort Pickens. < Pensacola, October 12, 5 p. m.?Cap- ' tains O'Bannon and West, C. S. A., visit- 1 ted Fort Pickins this morning, carrying over money and clothing to our wounded I men and other prisoners in the hands of the 1 enemy. I They were hospitably entertained by Col. ] Brown and officers, and report that our men j who are prisoners are treated most kindly Col. Billy Wilson, of the Zouaves, who ( has been hid ever since the engagement of , the other night, was found this morning. , He is highly gratified to find himself uu- | : nurt. I - I>?M I , New Mexico in our Possession.?A ' Washington dispatch of tho 7th says "the ( , rebels have full possession of Arizona and j New Mexico." We knew that our flag j waved over Arizona in its length and ; breadth, but this dispatch leads us to infer that Baylor has extended the area of conquest northward. It is easily enough to be accounted for that the North should ' have intelligence of this before wc could ( , receive it, the line of communication being the plains, via Kansas. Hard Times in N. York?The stringency of the times in New York city may ' be learned from the fact that out of two hundred and fifty first class merchants? 1 men who were regarded as impregnable? only thirteen thus far have met their obli 1 gations. Of the small fry who have failed it may be said their name is legion Bio Discovery?A Heavy Haul.? < , One of the Mississippi regiments now en- < camped near Hopkinsville, Ktntucky, made quite a discovery a few days since. While i engaged in digging, they come across a 1 brass cannon and about six thousand bars of lead, which had been buried no doubt j by the Linconites. A pretty good haul.? 1 Nashville Gazette. j The Pawnee Riddled.?We learn from our Richmond correspondent that on Wednesday Inst, the Federal steamer Paw- < nee, ia endeavoring to pass our batteries on the Potomac, was fired upon with great sue- I cess, the shot from our powerful suns taking I effect finely. The Pawnee was so disabled, i that she was unable to leave until two tugs i came to her assistance and towed her away. 1 This information was obtained from a gen- ' tleman who reached Richmond yesterday i from Fredricksburg.?Petersburg Express. I I ' Munitions of War from Europe.? ' There reached this city on Saturday even' ing, from the South, a great number of 1 boxes and bales, containing Enfield rifles i ' and fixed ammunition, consigned""to Col. ; j Wade Hampton, percussion caps, and about 30,000 excellent army blankets, comprising a portion of the cargo of the British I steamship "Bermuda" which recently ar- : rived at Savannah.?Richmond Enquirer, f ' ? I "? * r \ JtiMIXENX Jjl 11 EKALiI r I. iy u uuiiiuc, u rnong the donations acknowledged by i Messrs. Coffiiw & Pringle, the very liberal i one of 8100 froiu Geo. A. Trenholm, Esq., I with a pledge of the same contribution i monthly for a year, to aid in providing nurses for the Soiuh Carolina Hospital at Rich- ] mond.? Charleston Mercury. < A Good Suggestion.--A correspondent i of the Montgomery Mail suggests that, as . the Lincoln hireling Colonel in command at Fort Pickens declares that he will destroy the Navy Yard if an attempt is made t upon the fort, the Navy Yard be converted t into a prison for the confinement of the 1 vandals taken during the war. ( 1 \ 1 Steel Rifle Cannon?We saw yes- ( terday near the Central railroad depot, a- ? waiting transportation, two steel 12-pound- j ders, rifled. The mark on each shows where j they came from : "Blakely's patent?Faw- ' cctt, Preston & Co. makers, Liverpool, , 1861." These little dog3 of war very recently arrived on this continent.?Richmond Dispatch. The Tennessee Bible Society announces that they will soon have on hand for the use of the soldiers, 50,000 copies of the New Testament Scriptures, which they will ! furnish to other Bible Societies throughout the Confederate States at 81.50 per dozen. Inefficient.?The London Post says that Admiral Milne, the commander of the North American squadron, has officially reported to his Government that the blockade is totally inefficient. !?85 The News from Richmond. Wm Richmond, October 18.?The details |||B f the retreat of oar army of the Potomac ggaa ave been received. The main body of gjlB ur forces fell back between midnight of aBM 'uesdayand daylight of Wednesday morn- |||3 ig. The movement was exeoated expe- IjgB itiously and in good order. If the object |p8 as to pat our army in its old strong, po- (jaMB ition behind Bull Rao, the manoeuvre may e called a success. The retreat was the ji|g|e ssult of information said to have been ob- (jaB lined by the Government here, that Mc'lrtllnn'a nlnn ?a f/\ mflVa o oimnlfono. 'iv.liau o piau ao vw uinav u giuuvi otiuvivauvas attack upoa oar lines from Harper's pfPjj 'erry, Alexandria and the Rappahannock. IctIS 'his attack is, by many, looked for hoarly. lag )thers believe that McClellan has no idea ||9m| f fighting in the open field, and that he Hffi rill be content to advance and fortify every fcagB oint from which we recede.?Mercury. iwt Richmond, Oct. 18.?It is reported that , large Federal fleet from Fortress Monroe Jug 9 lying below Evansport, unable to pass the jiBM Confederate batteries there. The Potomoc ||h1 s believed to be blockaded at last. aSS| This fleet, if the above report be true, is gi&H retween the upper and lower Confederate ||ffl3 >atteries on the river, and can neither get |p9B inwards to Washington or baok to Old ?jfB Point Comfort. The lower batteries suffer>d it to pass, no doubt, in order to get it llaSj has hemmed in. In other words, if the gjBH runs at Mathias Point are all right, the fleet |?5jBg s between the upper and nether millstones, * WfaA ind may be considered as a part of the Con- sgM| 'ederate Navy. ft] v flaBB Richmond, Oct. 19?Eighty-five,! fede- l?bj al prisoners have just arrived from Norfolk, :aptared on the Fanny, at Chickamacomi- mmB so; also six prisoners from Harper's Ferry. SfflgS Oct. 20.?One federal vessel was burnt in the Potomac yesterday and two to-day, ||gB ly hot shot from our batteries near Evaos- ??j3jj port. ]B3l w># * BSBSpEb Richmond, October 19.?Passengers mj[M :rom the batteries near Evansport state a- |mK| lout thirty Federal vessels are below our raffli latteries and seven above them, fearful of passing. Some escape np and down on 199 foggy nights, but none in day-light. IISbSI Oct. 20?I have private and entirely ll?HJ trustworthy news, dated the 17th, from'the jj$8H ;amp of Gen. Bonbam's Brigade/ The EmmI entire country, as far back as Bull Run, fffiSfi las been abandoned by our army. Bon- ii|g lam's Brigade, consisting of the Second, Third, Seventh and Eighth Palmetto -JRegi- ||sj|! nents, are now encamped on the latent- fwS ,le field at Bull Run. McCIellan is dril- jagl iog his men in rausket firing by battalion. flgMl His practicing volleys have been Heard SaggM distinctly at our oat-posts for the last few lays. Oct. 20.?Up to this morning, there lave been no indications of an advance of PflFrB :he enemy Their pickets are near Fair- IBB fax. The track on the Orange and Alex- pqaflgj mdria Railroad, between Fairfax and Ma- jg&sB aassas, has been torn np. Over 100 vessels are now below Evansport, unable to pass oar batteries. gjjflW The Cincinnati Enquirer, of the 12th, jays that the Federal oampaign in Western gfflHH Virginia, is ended for this winter. Forige cannot be procared, and transportation is found very difficnlt. Richmond, October 21.?Passengers by SmBS this afternoon's train from Manasses report everything quiet, but they apprehend active iperations every hour. It is reported that Harper's Ferry is now Mpm in the possession of the Confederates, they ISKct having driveu off the Federals. 1181881 Seventeen prisoners from Western Vir- aaBEK ;inia arrived by this evening's oars, three of IgijlB whom are deserters from the 15th Indiana WJSEft md fourteen Union men from Hardy and SgjaHE| Pendleton Counties. Lee had fallen back to Meadow Bluff.? ? Loring is at Scwell. Floyd is at Fayette C. H., Jackson is at Greenbrier. Messrs. Breckenridge, Marshall and Preston, arrived here to day, and were greeted by hundreds at the depot. Breckinridge pltffSj made a very short speech at the cars, and H|H| returned thanks for the compliment of the SaaBi large crowd ia calling him, but said this llBjBH was not a time for speeching, but action ; jpaaS ind although he had been driven from his home in Kentucky, he was proud to breathe the free air of Virginia. fpjHH Important from Roanoke Island. jjljija The steamer Roano/ce, Captain Hobb*, BglgBB arrived here last evening, about 8 o'clock, ?|ran from Roanoke Island. ?|@K8| The Roanoke left the Island 6 o'clock Mondav afternoon, and her captain reports jgjjljfj ^ ' " fWSSBMWWK that the Confederate steamers Curiae, Fun- tSffigflj ny, Raleigh, Wins low and Edwards left lliyflP Sunday afternoon, under the command of jl|Kn| Com. Lynch, for Hatteras. Very heavy ||SK Bring was beard on the Monday following cSsSSS in the direction of Hatteras, which began it daylight and continued until 8 o'clock ; but no reports from the expedition had |l|gg reached the Island when the Roanoke left. The captain further states that it was re- B&ijjjflj ported that two Federal war steamers were cruising in Pamlico Sound previous to the departure of the expedition, but that they prafflSfi ivere chased out by our steamers.?Norfolk ||hB Day Book, Oct. 16. Cavalry Camp, York County, Va., Oc- gjjjjBB ;ober 13.?We have had another fight with pffSBB :hc Yankees. About fifty of the cavalry, }e!onging to the Second Regiment, went ggjaBB )ut scouting on the James River Road.? pjjgajj rhey met a wagon with four horses attach:d, attended by about eighty Yankees, on IgHgE i foraging expedition-^es, a stealing ex- ||9k& pedition?a short distance from Newport NTews. Our cavalry charged upon them. |||&j rhey wheeled and fired and ran like cow- 1|hR| irdly devils in every direction. Twelve SEfflMg ivere captured, and their wagon and team gSraH lecame the property of the Confederate jaBa government in quick time. It is not known jgawB aow many of the Yankee were wounded jjajgi >r killed, but this much isitrue?not one of ||g? jur boys received the least injury. These jjjjjp ire the faots of the case. ja. iMM Nashville, October 1?:?It is reported ll^j :hat there was a sharp skirmish, a few days rince, at Celina, Jackson county, Tennessee, aear the Kentucky line, between the Ten essee troops and Kentucky Unionists.? jlSraH The latter fled, leaving a large lot of guns and ammunition. Nine federals were kill- k|9e ed and two Tennesseeans wounded.