Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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[ THE TORltVIlM EfQIIIRER. I PUBLISHED ON TUESDAY AND FRIDAY. | VOLUME 7. " YORKVILLE, S. C, FRIDAY MORIING, MAY 2i, 1861. DUMBER 21.-6. (ik ?0fMle BY GRIST & EAST, AT Two Dollars a year, in Advance. THREE COPIES, S.r> 95, 10 COPIES, ?lr., And an Extra Copy to the person making a Club of Ten?the money to be paid in Advance. ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at one dollar per square for the first, nnd Thirty-seven-and-a-half Cents lor each subsequent insertion (less than three months.) A Square consist* of the space occupied by 10 linos of this size type ; 100 words, or one inch space. No Adve-itlsement considered less than a square. All Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on the margin, will be continued untilforbid and charged accordingly. py Quarterly, Serai"-Annnal orYearly contracts willbe made on liberal terms?the contracts, however, must in all cases be confined to the immediate business of the firm or individual contracting. Semi-Monthly, Monthly, or Quarterly Advertisements, will be charged One Dollar persquare foreach insertion. For Advertising Estravs Tolled, $2; to be paid by the [Magistrate. Citations, 82; to bo paid in advance by the person applying. Notices of Application to the Legislature, So; to paid'by the person handing in the advertisement. Insolvent Debtors Notice, $8 ; payable in advance. Attachment Notices,?8; to be paid for by the Attorney in tho case. Business Cards, of a half-square orlcss, will be inserted at So per year. For each additional line, Si. JS?" Announcements of Marriages or Deaths ; Notice* of Religious Meetings published GRATIS and solicited. fcjp Tributes of Respect rated as advertisements. ^ "Obituary Notices exceeding one square In length, will be charged for the overplus at regular advertising rates. fjiatt**. For the Yorkvillc Enquirer. Sandy Sniffles to Abe Linkhorn. Most Grave and Potent Sir : I've bin rumenatin since my last to you, on the state of the kuntry, and have bin strivin tu ticks on sum plan to divest the ealamitys of war, if I mout knot be considured tu obsequs. Alough me tu give you my diogram : As our frends tu the north seam tu be sortur bilic for want of sumthin tu du, and fearin you mout be in jeppurdy, owin tu the vortex of pnblik consteroasbnD, supposin you send for the Prinse nf Wales, or them fellers what live in Japan. It would be a kinder Ros Da Gurree, as Ricburd the thurd sed tu mahommet, at the battel uv ? r?-i ? i a _*:i *:i ??? rvnew vrieeiis, an seep lueui ?m ui ;uu ?, consume the powers that bee. Then yon ?;/ ken xclaim, as Robnnson Crnsaw did when ?>; he wus kast awa on Santer Rose Ilund, "I'm jgj?- monark of all I survey." |1 Kndent we git up sumthing that wood pay expensia and help raise a Revenew til B we are abel tu plase a barron septer in your B hand ? Then you can proclame as gineral Cary did at the battel of Lundy's lane: '(: l "I'd sooner be a hog an suck the wholsum | vapors of a demijohn, than such a man." How would a manageree or theatre du ?? i|B You uster act comic everlasten wel. Youre WKf old sensus taker of the publik property, kud be Van Humbug. Bil sewerd mout tend tu the monkys, he bcin a good judge of f;f human nater, and uster them kind uv var munts. Cbase hud poke up the elefunt an sho him roun on act of his knoledge of trygB ernometry. Blare mout worry the Tigers y and hicena8, owin to his nowledge of stripes. Camron wood auawer mity judigious, fur : Bil sticker, and kould soft soap the fokes B as he went ahed. Where's Dabbleda? Kudentyou git him v.; to take chargov the musik ? He aint much ft) at comDosin. but he's orful to bio. He p-^> r - - , blowed powerful in thecirkus iu Charlestun harbur, an if it hadent bio fur the fier works, he'd astouisht the nativs. If hit He wouldeot be tu heficasus on raj part, I'd keep dore. m I understand that youv stopt the males. I havcnt diskivered anything of hit doun V here, yet; ther stil goin on tu Virgina, an pensacoler by che thousend, sum of them Hb the most unarthly lokin varmunts you ever yB seed. Tha look like nuthin I'll do them xm but a fyght. I see Meger, the grate Irish Pat Riot is gettin up a rigement of Irish, tu make your eallin and elecshun share.? Theyl do monstrous well providen you kan keep them in the dark, but if ever you let them git down here and tha find out ther in a free kuntry, I'm doutin tha wil be taken with aleevin. Sub RoBcr, as Joan de Ark sed tu Gineral Jacksun, at the battel of Waterloo. I se your mersunarys are still kummin on tu Washington. I think thers no kinder use sendin them to this regin, U9 the native i ar like gerabaldi, ther jined to Idols, let ? -1 nri T: 1 T?l?l.?Q ICLU aiuuc. ?? uuot* uiucioi o UVAVJ what he sent tu Charlestun tu keep the ships out ? I fere he aint mutch of an hossifer, or that ship kudent hav run in. I kalculate tho it was on acount of the density of the atmospher, and the muskeetcrs tugether. I must now kooklude tu kum tu a close, hopin this will find you stato qo. Giv iny respects tu all inquirin frends and expect the same yourself. Yours eturnully, SANDY SNIFFLES. Pc dec.?Whers Bamum, your grate potograf an forerunner ? What's he arter j now??gettin up purathin, I spose, to sate j the times. Kudenfc you let him git your | wax likenis when you aiDt indisgise? I ineen when you aint performin in publick. It would be a grate kurosity here. The wolly boss an maremade wouldent be a circumstance to hit. I'll now konclude with a stansus from Shakspur : "Ive travld long, Ivp travld far, Ivp sene th? hipotntnus an the Bar, But, ov all thp thing!) Ivp wisht to ser, Is Ahrara thn furst as Prins per sc. s. s. IPsMtawms ?t1ifka', Honorable War not to be Deplored. It is not to be denied that the cost of war to all concerned will be very heavy.? The pecuniary loss and the material destruction will be great. It will doubtless be far greater to the North than to the South; but it will be sore and grievous to cacti, it is in this form that the evils of war are most severely felt. But the losses of all honorable war have their compensations. War stamps a new character upon society. Prolonged peace brings into play all the sordid principles of humau nature. War brings out the heroic qualities, and gives them supremacy in the aspirations and in the conduct of men. The best casuists, while deprecating war in itself, have held that it would be well if every generation could have some experience of it. When a people devotes itself for two or three generations to the uninterrupted pursuit of wealth, and to the enjoyment of the enervating and demoralizing indolence which wealth induces, it is only the exigencies of war that can recall them from lethargy and selfishness to sentiments of honor, patriotism and glory. The sentiment of patriotism is one of the most ennobling in the human breast; but how little is it exercised in the dull and selfish routine of peace !? The difference between peace and war in the impression they make upon character, is the difference between Shylock and Othello j the thoughts of the type of one are upon Mammon, of the other upon glory. Avarice is the passion predominant in one condition, honor in the other. A nation could afford to sacrifice the gains of half a centnry of peace for the elevating sentiments of honor and patriotism which a single year of war will inspire. One year of self sacrifice in a noble cause is worth more to the character of a man and of a nation than a life-time of self-seeking, self-indulgence and peouniary thrift. Heaven mourns the growth of wealth and luxury; Hell delights in it. All the vices flourish in the time of prosperous peace; the privations and trials of war nip them all in the bud. It is a mistake to suppose that peace, alune, is propitious to the growth of free principles. On the contrary, it is war which best tits men for freedom and self-govern- j meut. Liberty flourished in Greece as long as the heroic character of that people lasted;1 when they ceased to be warriors, they ceased to be freemen. The grandest days of Rome T?a?mik 1!/? mKon f Kq Tom. weie bUUOC U1 vuc lic^UUUV) n IIV/U vuv JLV.Upie of Janus was most rarely closed. The foundations of the greatness of Rome were laid in the ages of perpetual war, while the Romans were freemen. It required many centuries to destroy the mighty fabric, but the decline began in the hour when the liberties of the people were taken away, and it was then that the legions ceased to be invincible. Great Britain has been the theatre of perpetual wars; and there it is that the fires ' of liberty have never been extinguished.? j Ireland has been the scene of but little organized war, and when was not Erin more or less in a state of subjugation? Switzerland has been the refuge of liberty in Eu rope through all modern times; and has, during the whole period, furnished their best soldiers to its sovereigns It is not pretended that war does not often crush out all the vestiges of liberty, destroying it as effectually by force as does peace by undermining and corrupting it. But liberty flourishes no better in China and Janan. where thev never fisht in earnest, r ' 0 than it did in Europe while Bonaparte converted the Continent into a camp. It was the perpetual wars of the aborigines of our own country that kept them stripped of all the oomforts of life, but it was these very wars that kept them free. The Mexicans subdued by Cortez, enjoyed a much higher state of luxury and civilization, but it is hardly a question whether the condition of the half-starved children of the northern forests was not more desirable than that of the subjects of Montezuma. The war-like Tartars are certainly a nobler race than the j sordid Chinese, the abject Hindoos, or the fetisoh Africans. j Whatever be the race of people, or their stage of civilization, or their progress in intelligence, peace will deprave while war will ennoble them. Our own people constitute no exception to the general truth ; j nor is there anything in the prosperity of, the country, or in the enlightenment of the age, to modify the rule in our peculiar case. War was necessary to elevate the American character. The heroic principle still had existence at the South, but it was extinct at the North. Butler is a specimen of the only type of hero which the North can furnish. Sickles is another; Lincoln still another. Seward the false, Seward the liar, is the best type of statesman that the North I can boast. Paradoxical as H may seem, none that know him will deny that John C. Heenan has more of the higher qualities of character than any of the creatures we have named. Ilecnan is a man of war in bis way. Circnmstances cast his lot in the lowest ranks of society; hot, even in the sewers, he devoted his life to fame rather | than to gain; and he is a better man to-day than Butler, or Sickles, or Lincoln, or Seward. The South was far from being corrupted by the principles of gain and selfishness.? With Davis, Beauregard, Pickons, Wise, Bragg, MoCullougb, and thousands of their stamp, it would be a libel to say that her race of heroes was extinct. But war is the nursery of heroism, and it is doubtless for some great providential purpose that her sons have been invoked to arms. The thoughts of her people will be turned from self-aggrandizement and individual thrift, to things beyond self, and higher than personal ease and enjoyment. The very fact of men abandoning the pursuit of selfish objects to devote their energies, and their lives, if need be, to the cause of country, lifes them above their old nature to a higher existence. The fact of deserving the love and thanks of man and woman elevates the ohnrnnfer. pnnohles the sentiments, and gives new incentives to honorable exertion. Richmond Dispatch. The Foreign News. j The New York Daily News has the following sensible comments upon the news by the Europa and Parma : "A new element has entered into the calculations of our Republican autocrats, at Washington, which, is to be hoped, will aid in bringing them to their senses. This is, the manifest predetermination of the English Government to recognize?in its own tortuous way, perhaps, but none the lpaa nhsnlntelv?the indenendenee of the I J ? r _ Southern Confederacy. Whatever we may I choose to assert, on this side of the Atlan-' tic, Great Britain will not forget thatAmerican nationality is exclusively owing to its successful vindication, three-quarters of a century ago, of the right of revolution. It will bo somewhat difficult to persuade either Lord Palmerston or Lord John llussel that principles have since changed their nature, or that the oppression by the North, in the United States, is essentially another thing from oppression of the colonies by the mother country. It is not surprising, therefore, that a naval force for the protection of British interests, against the Lincoln paper blockade, should have been dispatched to our coasts, or that the issuing of letters of marque has been recognized as the legitimate act of a belligerent power, which has never endorsed the treaty of Paris. "Nay, more, the organ of Lord Derby? wnose innueuce is, just uuw, luiujcust;, as the Ministry is sustained in power only by his forbearance?goes so far as to say: \ "Twice have we and the American people engaged in mortal conflict, and we may do so again before many weeks are over."? Speculations have already commenced in England with regard to the course that ' should be pursued in case our Administra- ' tion should interpose obstacles to the free 1 j continuance of the cotton trade; and. as ' ! every one with two eyes in his head has long since foreseen, the most selfish and unprincipled people on earth will not permit the ' bread to be taken out of the mouths of four 1 millions of their population for the mere ' abstraction of right and wrong. In fact, right in England is pecuniary gain, while i wrong is identical with pecuniary loss.? I Anti-slavery is one of John Bull's pet theo- < ries; but the horrible history of his Indian possessions and Chinese relations proves how untenable and Utopian necrophilism , will be regarded when it interferes with the , commerce of the kingdom. The naval preponderance of Great Britain is terrible, and a pretext may easily be found to sweep away the blockade of our Southern coast, as ( a broom would a spider's web, without its . i being in our power, paralyzed as we are, to < | resent the insult. I "Neither President Lincoln, nor the head of the Montgomery government, are unaware of the vast importance of the decision respecting American affairs that may be come to by the cabinets of Europe. The French press is boisterous in its clamor for tbe recognition ot tne independence or me Southern Confederacy. It vaunts our secession statesmen as the noblest, best, and most patriotic of men. It descries the North, and, with an accuracy of detail which does credit to its observation, exposes, with unsparing sarcasm, the inconsistency, and brutal, blood-thirsty cunning of abolition demagogues. Such articles in an empire where journalism is hampered with vexatious restraints, would never have been permitted if Louis Napoleon himself were not predisposed, from principle and interest, to favor the slaveholding States. It is most likely, therefore that both the courts of London and Paris will side against the North. They have felt aggrieved and outraged by the Morrill tariff; the Montgomery tariff has conciliated them; they cannot afford an interruption of the cotton trade, or of their own exports; they, very naturally, consider the Lincoln blockade to be frivolous ; and, though they may regard our inter-State squabbles as none of their business, provided they do not suffer by them, they will resist a policy hostile to their own requirements." Organization and Parts of the Army. So many persons, unacquainted with the organization of an army, are making inquiries upon that subject, that we copy from the Cincinnati Gazette the following outline of its elements, as recognized in the French school and in onr own. so far as we have bad armies: A company is the unit of an army, and is supposed to average, on the war basis, one hundred men, officers included. The general rule for the organization of such a company gives one Captain, two Lieutenants, five Sergeants, and four Corporals, and eighty-five men. Formerly each company had an Ensign, who carried the flag; but his place is now supplied by the Color Sergeant. There is one more Sergeant than Corporals, the First Sergeant being called the Orderly Sergeant, and is next to the Captain, the most important man in the company?carrying the books of the company and calling the roll, morning and j evening. The company is formed, when i in column, into two platoons and four sec- j tions, each platoon commanded by a Lieu- 1 tenant, and each section by a Sergeant: A regiment is regularly composed of ten 1 companies, or two battalions; a battalion . being half a regiment, composed of five companies?one of them called a Right or ^ Rout company, intended in regalar service to operate outside of the heavy columns as flanking parties, guard, &c. The officers of a regiment, independent of company officers, are a Colonel, Lieut. ( Colonel, two Majors, Adjutant, Quarter- ( master, and Commissary. Each separate j body of troops must have a Commissary and , Quartermaster, but in a large army they , are apportioned to regiments or brigades. A regiment, when constituted, will be formed thus: one Colonel one Lieut. Colonel, ' one Adjutant, one Quartermaster, one Com i missary, two Majors, ten Captains, twenty i Lieutenants, fifty Sergeants, forty Corpor- i als, and eight hundred and fifty private ' men?making nine hundred and seventy 1 five. But in its reality there are some oth- 1 ers j each company has regularly a drum- 1 mor and liter, wtiicn maKe a regimental i band of twenty, besides the drum Major, t Then the regiment, when fall is made up < regularly to one thousand men. The brigade should be composed of two ^ regiments, a squadron of cavalry, and a corps of field artillery. If these were all t full, a complete brigade operating alone, , would, in our service, or in the French ser- j vice, make two thousand four hundred men. ] A division is composed of two brigades, ( with additional corps of cavalry and artil- ? lery, .making in our army, including the < whole staff and music, about five thousand , men. This is the highest element of organ- ] ization in our service; but in France, as ( they organize immense armies, there is one T other. The corps is composed or two or more divisions, frequently of four or five. The t corps is, in the French service, properly I commanded by a Field Marshal?an officer < unknown to our country, and the corps is i properly a complete army in itself. t In Napoleon's march on Russia, he had i eight or ten of these corps in active service ? ?making a field army of from two hun? ' dred and fifty thousand to three thousand c men. From the elements we have given, i it will be seen that however large the army may be, it is so organised as to be perfect in all its parts, and moves with exact order and discipline. In the Held all orders and operations are carried on through the staff of the army, and when we come to active service, the staff is the most important part of the army; for, ..his being a vast machine, of which each part is obedient to and di~ rected by the head, it is evident that an mast depend on the skill, ability and discernment of the staff through which it acts. It is in vain that Scott, or any great General commands, if the staff officers are incompetent. The staff consists of aids, tho AdjutantGeneral, the Engineer, the Qnartermaster, and Commissary generals. Through the Adjutant, orders are conveyed to each particular part. By the quartermaster general all transportations, and vehicles and horses are furnished; by the Commissary all supplies; by the Engineer the topography of the country is thoroughly ezamiued, the practicability of passes determined, fortifications built or attacked. Then the staff of an army becomes its eyes, and its faculties, the General simply deciding the movements of the army on tho facts and elements thus furnished. Iu the grand French armies there was a Chief-of-the-staff, or head of the active military bureau. In Napoleon's time, the chief of the staff was Marshal Berthier, deemed one of the ablest officers of the French army. Napoleon knew the value of a good staff, and bad abler meu iu it tban were at tbe bead of divisions. A Sum for the Cabinet. Tberc are now about thirty thousand soldiers iu and around Maryland, to bold that "loyal," independent and sovereign State in subjection to the Federal Government. If any one of Mr. Lincoln's Cabinet is good at figures, wc propose the following sum for his consideration: If it takes thirty thousand soldiers to hold the little and "loyal" State of Maryland in subjeotion, how many will it take to suppress rebellion in all the powerful and revolted States of Virginia, Georgia, Tenneessee, North, Carolina, 8outh Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas ? Mr. Lincoln's war programme will require an army of at least five hundred thousand men to suppress rebellion, and then if he could suppress it, it will take a standing army of at least three hundred thousand men to keep it suppressed. This immense standing army would cost us four hundred millions a year in solid cash. Then we must estimate that sue third of our soldiers will die annually in a hot and unfriendly country, which will make a constant yearly drain of one hundred thousand Northern men to supply their places. At this rate how many years . 1 I . .1 VT *.!_ *i would it taice to depopulate toe norm :? [f the llepublican papers correctly indicate Mr. Lincoln's plans, we advise his physician to put blisters behind his ears, to draw 3ft the hot and acid huuiors of his brain ; for he must certainly be mad?stark, raving mad. In fact, the whole party talk and ict like bedlamites.?W. V. Day Book. How Wars are Decided.?Successful wars are usually decided on a given point md in a single day. It is the greatest error to suppose a campaign extends to every village in a State, and is composed of a series of little combats. Russia was overwhelmed at Austerlitz and Friedland by ;roops that had never seen her soil; Napo eon was hurled from his throne at Wateroo; Austria was humbled at Solferino, md the victory of Wolfe at Quebec won panada for England. In the Crimea, the egions cf Nicholas were exhausted in 8e)astop#l. tQT The "Distress of Nations" is the itle of an article in the last London Re. new. India is the scene of a desolating amine after having gone through a desoatiog rebellion. Austria is on the verge >f bankruptcy, and about to lose Hungary md Venetia. Italy is preparing for war. io is France. Prussia is about to coutend ffith Denmark. Turkey totters to its base, dosnia is in arms. Rome is in its last agjnies, and Poland appears to be on the rerge of revolution. A War Problem.?A correspondent of he Missouri Republican propounds this )roblem : If the Northern army could not :onquer Billy Bowlegs and his Indian and legro warrior of the cjlades of Florida in wenty years, how long will the Koundtieaits equire to coerce the gallant sons of nine lovereign States, with the war cry rising, 'still they coiue," whose field of operation iovers eight hnndred miles in length, and \ thousand miles in breadth ?