Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^ v - - . ^ >;; V* * "# - '* ; . * ^ ' - ?- A I'-tisk- *m.Li&a *. '* --v - - < *v " : ? ~- ' * ' . ,;. , >? ?.-: .>*<'avv^^ . . v V... r XJ-. ' \". '.'v ?* V ** V ' V *?' .. _. . :,. ..- *. rife t . - . ^ 2?# r - . -& I '" * ' ' i i ?????? ????? i ' in i ii ^ ^ r~ " ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ '" __^ ^ tSVSw jproprietors. An Independent JouiJKi! i For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the South. jiswis k. oust, mmx :& VOtl 2 YORKVILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1856. NO.-,? 1 (?|okc |ioftrj). IJ From the N. Y. Knickerbocker. j a MY WORK. j s I tare a work to do, | o A work I may not shun; I j One path 1 must pursue I c Until my life be done. What others do I need not ask ; e Enough for mo I know my task. i: 'Tis no! to seek for wealth? I covet no man's store? s I thank my God for health ; I ask for nothing more. g My daily wants arc soon supplied, Or what I do uot neeu, denied. ' a Let others seek for fame, ^ The homage of an hour, I care not for a name, 1 For glory, or for power. \ - - T 1 . ? . u I , ' 'ine race i ieave iv mucu ?iv*.? ^ Such transient bliss is not for me. a Pleasure, that syren fair, f( Haslost her power to harm ; .] Her joys are empty nir? I own no more their charm; ri For other accents seem to say, si "Stay not, but work while yet'tis day." jj To wipe the trembling tear, tl From the pale mourner's eye ; tl To soothe the anxious fear, Or hush the rising sigh; This is a bliss for which to live, ^ A joy that wealth can never give. f< < To strive against the wrong, Which takes the namo of right; si To battle with the strong, And conquer in the fight; * Brings truer happiness then could tl The warrior's wreath, if bathed in blood. o ? * it Work, then, from day to day, Nor pause for praise or blame; g Care not for what men say, S< Duty is still the same. The rest which all at times would crave, To non?is distant?in the grave. K __ fi Jarater's gfpdmcitt. \ - i BWgaal TaViyt D ADDRESS t( OF b ALBERT P, JOHNSTON, n DELIVERED BEFORE THE h Indian land Agricutural Society, p NOVEMBER 0,1850. J Fclloic Citizens w nnrf drnl/f nira (,f the Sucictl/ : tC I feci highly sensible of, aud thankful for is the honor designed me, in the appointment tl to be your first Anniversary speaker. You f< could have selected many amongst our num- it bcr better suited for the pleasing task than fi myself. All, or most of you are aware, that f( it has been mine for years past to have been g engaged in trying to teach the young idea A how to shoot, rather than corn and cotton ; ci and it may be excused if my mind might at 01 times, stray from corn and cotton fields, to is fields of fancy. Still, we are told, useful les- ti sons may be drawn from even fiction itself. t? But I feel prompted to the effort in the si thought, that the cause will not suffer, though s< I fail to do justice to the subject, or meet sc your expectations. I feel doubly assured, a1 in looking around me, on my right and left, p aud before me, in beholding those venerable k farmers of this well cultivated Indian land A country. Yes, and those youngerand no less f( energetic ones to the manor born, who are tl even now almost leading the track. With tr these guarantees I proceed. si What then is the cause for which we have n met? Why are we assembled hero to-day? cl What interest to take into consideration ?? a In the light and common expressions of the B day, nothing but the farming interest! What ^ docs this nothing but farming intei est mean? It means nothing less than the most iuipor- P taut temporal interest, about which this or c: any other people can be engaged ; one that gives food aud cluthiDg to the world. The w mechanic is intimately connected with, and i P should have an apartment amongst us; the i ^ merchant, the lawyer, the doctor, have all Cl necessary aud useful professions, and I have n uo quarrel with any of them, but I must 71 claim that Agriculture stands pre-eminent. It is the main-spring that gives motion to all ^ the wheels that revolve in societies and gov- 11 1ernments, or to use another figure, Agricul- * ture, together with the other vocations, form ... f] a great system, of which it is head and heart. 11 When in the human system, the heartsick- ; ens, a throbbing pulsation is felt from head | a to foot. Is the heart convulsed?then the | ^ system suffers at every pore ; does the heart J u cease to beat, then the system is dead?so it s' R is in Agriculture; when it sickens, the rest feel tremors; when it is convulsed the rest s' feel throes; when it dies, how fares the rest? Perish they will and perish they must. No 51 vocation so high, none so low, but that they ^ will be drifted backward and forward on its c ebbiDg and flowing. Can the merchant claim an independence or deny that he too eats the n farmers bread, buys with and sells for the p farmers money ? The doctor?the farmer's ii money made hira doctor, and supports him is in his profession. The teacher, while he is ; a doing sen-ice worthy of his hire, and his pu- e pils are, or ought to be, profiting by his labors, should recollect their old Pa's are p sweating at the brow, to have things "push t< along keep moving." The Preacher, the man a of God, can he even claim an exemption ? fi The farmer's bread?I speak it with all rever- t( ence?is the Manna sprinkled down for him ri while he teaches the ways of God to man. I T mention these things not in contention, but a merely to show how we stand, least the rest, n like Joshua of old, might get fat and kick tl up against their lords. ri Time was when in this fair land of ours, d all we had lo do was to sow and reap. It tl seems to have been the spot which a kind g Providence had reserved for his special re- tl gard, and in exemplification of the truth, t< that all things are possible with him, that v even the lion and the lamb may harmonize ii and lie down together. Here extremes of cli- I< mate are tempered and balanced; and a fioil o or every culture. The grain and grasses of he North, grow aud flourish in the same andscapc with cotton, rice and sugar-cane. This is the middle ground upon which the pple, the peach, and the pear, grow side by idc with the pomegranate, orange and lemn. The hardy blossoms of the North here ninglc perfumes with those of the sunny iouth. In this section we have had a genrous benefactress that has been ever yicldng to the craven demand of more, without eceiving in return, or we had long since hared the fate of mans ingratitude to man ?failure. Hut our generous earth like the tubborn oak that withstands the blows of he axe, until its top wave, its limbs shake, nd leaves tremble, before it totters to its all with a groan. So it is with our earth? f I may be allowed the figure?she has wa-J i J J ?1A1W?V. UU; UCJUUil'U UUU yiUciiJUU UUUfl IUC piUUiiilhare, whose motto it has been wear her out ud leave until she has at last sent forth cries )T help from the gullies aud galled surfaces, liat should commaud our prompt aid and ush to the rescue; and if it be true that wall breaks will sink great ships, will it not old equally good that a little chinking in me, will save great ships ? It seems to he :ie plau of God's universal government, that xhausted nature must have help and rest; rhcn man aud beast tire they must have )od and rest ; when the earth is becoming xhausted in her powers, she too, as necesirily, requires aid and rest. First then, let us pile logs aud brush across lose gullies that are yawning to engulph ur harvest, and haul litters and fertilizers ) dress over those old fields that are presain'g death to our hopes of the committed jed. Those litters that pollute our fence orners, lots and yards, sending forth nox>us vapors whence they lie, when in our olds enhance largely our yield iu grain and often. Let us then keep well up the haulig off, recollecting they coutain gold in the eld?death iu our lots and yards. kjuuiu Will oaj iiiauuiiu^ uujuo u^/ vuv rops, deep ploughing washes away the land, ook farming starve the world. With these have no argument; for I had as soon try ) argue religion into the infidel, who don't elieve in the Bible, by Bible teachings. I rouldgive them over to the hardness of their carts, or rather to time and truth, with their owerful effects The time has already come hen the most superstitious are beginning to e staggered in their faith. That prejudice , hich led us, like the good old Dutchman, ) look upon all improvement as innovation, ; beginning to fly before truth as the fogs of ic morning before the rising day, and it is mud, in order to manure and farm aright, we lust be governed by the principles of book inning or science, or all we do is guessing, )r it is said, where guessing ends, scieneo beins, with laws as fixed as the laws of nature, agriculture is a science including many scinces, and is also an art; as a science I shall nly consider briefly, the application of C'hemitry to make kuowu the operations of nalre in the constituents of plants and vegeitiou. By its unitizations we learn the con:ituents of the different soils and fertilizers, ) that we may be informed why it is that )tue plants grow better on one soil than on uother, and why some parts of the same hint Honrish while the others fail : and uow how to remedy the defect in manuring. lS au art, it teaches us to apply with most efict, the remedies science suggests?one is ieory, the other practice, both combined takes the successful planter; for just as tre as certain plants contain certaiu cleicnts, so sure will soil containing these prin- , iples produce that plant. If not, no puny rt of man can rear it. Now, suppose we ish to manure for wheat?laud exhausted jr that grain. By referriugto anilization we :aru wheat grain coutaius sulph. ac. 1, hos. ac. 47, mag. 15, lime 2, pot. 21), sili\ 1; the straw contains much the same, difircntly arranged. From the same source c learn that cotton seed contains 31 pr. ct. otash aud G1 pr. ct. phosphate of lime.? table manure in a dry state contains 37 :trb., 5 hyg., 25 oxyg., 1 nit., 30 ashes. Be- , ivian Guano coutaius nitrogenized matter ith urate of am. 50, water 11, plios. lime ( 5, phos. of am. and mag. oxalate, ditto 13, ; ilica 1. Science suggests the use of these . i wheat, corn and cotton, and as we all now, practice confirms the result; the same jaches that clays arc better suited for grain hn sand, as it absorbs and retains amonia com manure, atmosphere aud rain; practice Iso establishes the fact. From theory we ! iarn when soil is overcharged with sulphur- j : acid, whose presence is indicated by its j aur weeds and growth, it is essential to use me as a neutralizer, aud not plaster or subtanees that would but add more acid. With hese few illustrations 1 leave this part of the ubject to essayists, as I conceive it more my ' uty to make general hints in pleading the ausc, than investigating particulars. Rest in the animal economy can be had : ot only in iuaction, but also by a change of j osition and labor, so also, the same will hold j 1 regard to our fields. Alternation of crops, j j the source of resting by a change of labor, j ud in this too, we must be guided by sei-! nee in order to know the condition of the j ail and nature of the crop to be sown or j lanted ; for 110 one can reasonably calculate ) be beuefited in a change of one crop for \ nother, extracting much the same material i rom the soil ; and the nearest we can conic ) a general rule is, to alternate with plants squiring different elements for nutriment, 'hose that return most back in litter, vines nd roots, are good crops for the improvelent of land, and, at the same time, pay for : aeir culture. The vine extracts largely from | lin and atmosphere, and, when turned uuer, uniformly diffuses the active principle aey contain, lloots subsoil the grouud and ive their leaves and vines in addition. I tiink corn may to advantage follow cotton 3 be broadcast with peas, and sown with rheat: the stubble with weeds turned under a autumn will again grow cotton if not al ' ^ ~ ?*aam vrrltisiit nrnnl/l Vlfl jYffSJL IV ue 1UXC yuc JCai} nmuu nuuiu MV> f adyantage, though it is seldom permitted 1 -J--' . .... ... ' in our policy. Cotton, oar main staple, exhausts our lands as little as any, on account of the return it makes in its stalks, broad leaves and seed. Subsuiling is an other aid to our old lands, as it brings to the action of the atmosphere more earth to be disintegrated and rendered fertile, and, exemplifies the maxim of poor Itiehard, " Plough deep while sluggard* sleep, And von will hare corn to sell and keep." It is better suited for wet and dry?blows hot and ould in the same breath. In wet, the water sinks below the plants, in dry it is then retained until needed and conveyed to the support of the crop. One of the old orators being asked in what eloquence consisted, answered, in three things, viz : 1st action. 2nd action. 3rd action. If I were ask cd, in what good fanning consisted, I would answer, in throe things?1st plough deep and manure; 2nd, plough deep and manure; 3rd, plough deep and manure. Ilill side ditching is another source of improvement and saving of our lands if rightly managed. Iu my opinion, one great desideratum with us, is to plant less, manure more, and work better. If it be true that one manured and well worked acre, will produce twice or three times as much as one that is not, then there will be a saviug of laud, and labor to work the one acre. If it hold -good in one acre, it will in any given number. Then 100 acres manured, will produce as much as two or three hundred not; here is the saving of the 100 acres of land and the working of the same. This a truism, and I would as soon be caught trying to prove two and two make four, as one is equally as plain as the other. ]>ut sonic may say it takes time to manure. Grant it does, and there will be more time saved in Laving to work less, than will be sufficient. Then you will have your land enhanced yearly in value, besides the satisfaction of seeing a good crop. Some one truthfully remarks that thatfarrner, who does not each year improve his land in addition to making a good crop, ought to be cashiered and turned out of his office. While on the subject of aiming at too much, I would say that i think it essential to the thrift and independence of the farmer to raise his own stock ; but in my judgment we take the wrong way of doing it. Many of us keep too large a number of those lungsnouted, gaunt, razor backed hogs, that can run like a grey-hound, and lope a fence like a deer, to the annoyance of ourselves and neighbors; for their starved condition keeps them always stealing. One well kept hog at one or two years old, will weigh double one of these gaunt things, and at less expense if you deduct the d? prcdaiions of the former. It trill hold with cows. A few well fed will make you better oxen and better beef. Who that has tried it, d >cs not know the difference between that rich milk of the well fed cow, and that watery blue-johu sort we get from the poor half-starved range cow? This will hold throughout, and fewer and better stock is without doubt ourpolicy. To touch upon every branch of the farming interest would not only exhaust my powers but weary your patieuce. I would say, a well-managed farm is a beautiful landscape finished by the pol ishing touch of the hand of nature and art, which I would like to consider, did time permit. What a vest, difference is to bo met in the travel through differently managed sections ! Lights and shades alternate, as those of the moving panorama. You occasionally pass places that make you feel as chill as if you had been sprinkled by the dews of night?as sad as if a monsoon of the desert had Mown over you; desolation and want seem to threaten. Clates fastened with rails, fences about the yard and fields down, yards full tf litter, out-houses out of repair, holes in the house top, doors shackled, window-glass out, and holes stopped with an old hat, coat or pillow; cribs empty, the animals looking as if the blasts of many successive winters had Mown upon them. The man you scarcely ever see; the horse, a fur-slwof Longstroot's bullet neck, in the fleorgia scenes, tied to a stake, indicating that his master is about to be off for the shooting-match, gander pulling, or dram-shop; the children slipping about as if destitute of a forlorn hope; the wife retiring from view as if debating the question, of "to be, or not to be?" Desolation aud want is written, in language not to be mistaken, over that shackled door, those broken windows. Tt is wiitlcn in those barns, gates, littered yards, spiritless wife and dejected children. This i> not an over-drawn picture, such places exist 111 reality. jmil as you move on, a green speck is descried in the distance and man and beast, like the sand scorched travellers of the desert, quicken their pace and raise their heads. That green spot is an Oasis in the waste, from whose fields come breezes laden with scent of cornsilks and roasting ears. We feel that we arc again approaching the laud of civilization, ripling streams, green fields, and big barns and cribs rise in our imagination, not tube disappointed in the reality, l'ut although agreeable, I shall nut pursue this picture: fur wo have a better exemplification in the old Indian land, than 1 can paint. Gentlemen, our profession, from the importance and principles it euvolves, opens a field for thought worthy the calibre of any mind; and we Thould feel justly proud of the profession from which Ciueinnatus was called to govern men and guide the State.? Silas Wright was a tanner, .Mr. Calhouu was a farmer, (Icn. Washington was a farmer; uieu who have left names to live while they are dead. Others may be good lawyers, doctors or what their fancy may lead them, but give me that better word?good farmer. But while we would be honored by a profession, let us try and do honor to it. As we arc told? "Honor and shame from no condition rise, Act well your part, there all the honor lies." We should then educate, and have a chance of equality, at least, with other professions. In those callings in which man encounters man?man measures arm with man?no one thinks of embarking without the necessary - - - ; A; j preparation. "We seem to conclude, that of all vocations, farming, the one that ernbracs so many of the rest, is the only one to which we are born. Some say, it don't re-1 quire any education to make a farmer?can ! do without it. So can those in other pur- ; suits, but it is a bad do. You may learn enough by your neighbors and experimenting, to make a living in spite of bad fanning ! J3ut that don't say it would not be better to tread the sure and unerring paths of science?to make more with less trouble.? j Dr. Franklin sap, experience keeps .a dear school, and who learn odIj in it, arc foots.? We should educate and learn to know better for what purpose we plSfcgh than the 1 animal that drags it. If we have but one i book, it should be the Bible. If two, ouc should be the Iloly book, the other, the one that holds the key to our profession?the farmer's book. Tt is charged against us, that of all the papers of the day, our farming papers, though so few and so cheap, are the ones, that like wouuded snakes, scarcely drag i their slow lengths along. Why you scarce-! ly ever read a number, but sonic well written article or recipe would more than pay | the u hole year's subscription. It is said, farming books coutain many things we don't understand. Well suppose they do?so do other books, but they contain enough that we do, to redouud to our lasting benefit. While the spirit of emigration is sport'for the new, it is death to chc old States. Many of us are bound for the land, Ibe son of the Green Isle expected to find in America; a place where pan-cakes grow upon the bushes, and honey flowing at the roots, and all you had to do, was to shake and sop. We talk as lightly about wearing out our fields and leaving them, as if about to take a pleasure trip. Gentlemen, expatriation is one of the highest punishments known to the laws of Europe, save death. The native man of our forest, will contend with dying grip, for the land that gave him birth, and under whose green sod sleeps the remains of his fathers. Shall we then, who boast a higher civilization, bo less sensible to those higher feelings of our nature? Old men, of you I would ask, are you aware than when you cut the ties that bind you here, you snap cords that .will never be mended. That you here create an aching void that may never be filled ! You become exotics in an uncongenial soil, and like the reed broken from its land, rolled on the tide of emigration until you land on the shores of the Pacific. You may find that after years spent in the thick heavy forest, tangling viues and thick cane or prairie mud, you have paid dear, very dear, for your whistle? no children's play this?and tune your feelings to the old lines of "carry me back to old Carolina." i oung men I winlc i would say, circumstance might justify your socking fortunes in n strange land, I would also say, if you can find a good support in Carolina, she has claim upon your energy and talents; you should feel proud you were born Carolinians ?satisfied to live Carolinians; fur in spite of the jeers and scoffs at Carolina, and as Sumner was pleased to say, aye Carolina! She is one of the brightest stars that glitter in the galaxy of States. When like Noah's bird, you can find no place to rest your feet, like it, wing y<ur way to some other haven of rest. When you leave family and friends, you leave guardian angels. Have you an anxious father, affectionate mother, a loving sis- j ter! then beware to place yourselves beyond the bright halo of their influence. They ( may often cause you to stop and think before you farther go?stay your steps on the , brink of the yawning gulf. A tnau may become reckless of self ; but he cannot become , | so dead in common sensibilities, as to disre- ( gard the obligation he is under, to maintain an unsullied name for them. I went to the |, , West a youth, and while there, met many , j others who with strong arms, generous hearts, \ | accomplished minds, blooming in youth, I, ! buoyant in hope; begirt, as they supposed, 1 | with steady habits and fixed principles, bidj ding fair to realize all the fruit presaged by , so promising abloom, liut a few years claps- ^ ed, you find the promised fruit blasted in the bloom; and isolated youth, relying on his own strength, is but as a broken reed, has , nlniwl lii? fret. lT-lvitinr nn this sfrenoth. on slippery ground and fallen to rise uo more. They have said to me, I have distant relatives that are dear, but there is a sling in the recollection that I have; oh ! that I had lived with and for them, I would not meet i ' them now?too late for their sympathy and i I aid, and save mc their reproach and just j ! scorn. Young men, recollect. 1 . 1 | "Apart from what friends may fuel, what friend may think, j All pleasures sicken, all glories sink." j! j (Jcntlemen of the society: The idea of: j our forming a society, has been ridiculed by I some?an early day set for its demise, with j' a sir transit gloria mundi for an epitaph, j Hut societies have accomplished much in the j elevation of our cause, and of mind over mat-1 ter. Show me a well-farmed and stocked |1 country, and I will show you one in which j a society duos or did exist. Show mc a see- j J ' tion in which a society exists, and I ask not I' j the character of the people. Intelligence |! ; and refinement are as sure to follow, as the satclitcs to follow the sun. And whether , we profit by our association, depends upon us, the faults is not with it; it is not be- 1 cause societies would not be all they promise, j that they arc like a school boy's dream, the ! fabric of an hour, as transient as the life of a 1 J musketoc, blown into and out of existence on I j the same gale. No gentleman, on their de- 1 cline, like the Sun in his setting, lose none ! of their glory, but like him, send back a chas-1 ter mellower light. My observation of these | institutions, sometimes, remind me of a boy 1 with a Christmas gun. His object was to 1 make a big noise and sits and listens com- j' placently, until its reverberations die away 1 in the distance. So with us, sometimes we get up societies, doing well, show the best ' pig or calf or raise the most corn or cotton on an acre, and are then satisfied to sit and 1 listen until not an .echo comes from the dis- ] tance. All is hushed as (he silence that pre- ' ' r ' cedes the storm. On the other hand,some oni that expected to bear off a prize has failed and he too is done, too much affected. On thi one hand,too little,on the other too much; lik< the bed of Procrustes, always too long ortoi short; bad as the ordeal by fire and water victim-doomed in any result. Whatever ma; be our fate, lotus move with energy in thi cause in a way which I will not; but whicl our united council may suggest, and we wil show to passers by, that here stands or stoot a Troy, and though they may be called upoi to mourn its fall, still tlicv mav admire th< beauty that lingers, even in its ruins. Gentlemen, to have a flourishing country all that is required of us, is to till a few gullies arid manure a few old fields, the work of wo ruen and children, and shall we stand bacl aghast at these, and cry, hold enough ? "\Vhj the potent energy of man offects miracles al most, lie has erected monuments that Ion; resist the mouldering touch of time; roller back the tide of rivers and occaus, so tha grain grows aud cities rise upon marshes over which once swept thpir tides. He scale: the mountain top, takes a peep into theii burning craters, or tunnels its base and draj out its hidden treasure. He rides upon thi rolling billow, or dives to oceans depth, anc brings to his use its sparkling gems. 1I< will bury himself and family iu the wilder ness, with dens of wild beast for neighbors and work for years" for a shelter, and at nnnninrr frnm nrliinh l*n nn n rrnf nnf or*/? en/ out. Shall we then give up to be outdoni with a few washes and galdcd fields. Let it no be said! All then to the rescue, and thii beautiful belt of country, between Broadant Catawba rivers, will still continue a brigh' spot on the maps of the State; will stil whiten our fields with our important staple and fill our granaries with the yellow harvest and we farmers still sit under our vine anc fig tree, and quaff such nectar as Jupitei sips, and exclaim, in full realization of tin sentiment, "this land is my country?thi; sporof earth my home, a nearer, dearer spo' than all the rest, beloved by hcaveu o'er al the world besides." Gentlemen, I have said all I designed foi you. I could have ransacked the musty fold; of Hare, Turner, Comstock and Liebig foi our instruction, searched the records of his tory and told you how they formed the bogs of Ireland, the low lands of Germany ant Holland, or the sunny hills of Italy anc France ; or told you what Virgil and Poet! have sung j but I have taken the course ir my judgement better suited the occasion. Ladies, I ought now say something to you but I am so out of practice, I am afraid 1 cannot sneak as mmdit to vnu ; thon^ nre i n - J" J o r suming on your natural kindness, in forgiv iiis: unintentional improprieties, I will ven turc a few thoughts, and I know it is super ogation, and almost impertinent, to be telling you your duty on this matter, when likely you know and practice it too, better than 1 know how to direct. I do it only to fill s place in the picture. Gentlemen think?but you say they flatter?nothing good or greal can be accomplished, without your approba tion and smiles. I endorse their sentimenl and ask you, not only for your approbation, but also as Kossuth calls it,little material aid. And while we do not believe it much harm for any of you to know, what sort of things beans and peas grow on, or whether they grow on top of, or under the grouud, at the same time we would not have you take hold of the plow handles and hoc handles, excepl one of those nice smooth little handles, used for gaulens, and morning and evening exerci.-e; that will mingle in beauty, the rose and liily on your cheeks, and give the elasticity of the willow in your gait. Your interest in our cause, gives us a right to expect your eucouragcmcut. Those fine carriges and equipages iu which you like to ride, comes of this, Those rustling silks, beautiful bareges and light muslins, which you love, and in which you lock so?if you were net present, I would say?pretty, comes of this. Hut we would ask your interest in those branches that belong to you. Bring flowers to its shrine. Lay upon its altar, those offeriri(T<5 that hpsnpnk rwir nr-pnmnli-Amipnt and taste. Bring to our show?case those paintings that introduce to us in almost breathing life, things that we never saw ; recall to recollection things and persons that are, to things and persons to be. Bring those beautiful laces for which you arc so skilled, and those floss works which much resemble the frosty crystilizations of the night; or soow drops, so delicate aud flue, you are afraid to touch least they, like things of fancy, might elude your rude grasp; and those fine quilts with diamonds, stars, and stripes and chains, so tastefully set iu bordcrs,as to resemble apples of gold set in pictures of silver. Beautiful relics these for a rising generation. Each age should chronicle its taste, aud make then impress with works like these. When I saw, last Fall,that venerable flag at King's Mountain, which had been gallantly borne over the hard fought fields of Eutaw and Cowpcus, it inspired my bosom with feelings mingled with the beautiful and sublime.? Sublime because its ball tattered folds showed it had waved over the deadly conflict, beautiful because that same eagle under whose talons crouched the British lion had been embroidered there, by the fair hands of the daughters and mothers of the revolution, and shows that those ladies, who said co their husbands, brothers, sous, "go seek a soldiers grave or wear a victors crown," were no less accomplished, than nigh toned in 3entiment. It speaks more than a volume of history could record. Ladies their exampies is worthy all emulation. Ladies, the managment of flowers is naturally emphatically yours. Birds of a feather ought to flock together. You are the blossoms of our kingdom?they of the vegetable, our farmer poetsings, "nature tried her prenticed hand on man and then she formed the lasses 0 !" She tried her prenticed hand on vegetation and then she formed the blossoms 0! Whether my addition be good poetry or not, it is fact. Then decorate your frindows frith vases of flowers; let the honey ' '" ' " "v ' ' v_- - .'.> * >-' e suckle and woodbine creep around your por, tals. The myrtle, the rose and pink, bcautie fy your yards, so that they may send you e their odors on the early breath of morning, 0 and invite to your homes the bird, the bee, , and butterfly, so that you may learn of the F flitting of the butterfly, its gauzy wings are 2 transitory things; of the bee, that the early 1 bee gets the honey, and that a swett can be 1 extracted from every bitter; and that the 1 bird may cheer you in his first notes to meet i the sun in his coming,and their last in requiem J to the rosy tints of evening. Our Society lias for its object a plentiful home, crowned with such scenes as these. Under such influ? cnces, the nature that WO&fd' not feci Joyous, . would be as mean as Shakspears soul without . nmsio (fit. for trivocnn strntnrrfim nnri snnil.' Tt f is this that makes home the place aboat . which all the feelings of our nature cluster, r the place about which we would gladly live, [ and for which we would nobly dare to die, for t if there is an elysium on earth, it must be, j it is this, it is this. 3 , BMam smmaam ? rnr mrsxammMmmm \ Select i From the Valley Farmer. ESSAY ON HEALTH. ' PARTICULAR CAUSES OP DISEASE?MENTAL 1 DISQUIET. Among the particular causes of disease ' should be enumerated those of a mental character. The body bears relation to mind. ' It is linked with and subject to mind ; the mind rules it with an iron tyranny. Either j1 the intellect, the passions, the affections, or all bear a tyrannous sway over it. Sometimes ' the intellect, athirst for knowledge, ambi! tious of scientific gain, greedy in the pursuit of its wealth, subjects the body to all kinds of hardships, drills it, works it, wearies it, 1 cheats it of rest, sleep, and nutriment 3 through years of research, study, business or ^ toil, till the body is worn, emaciated, robbed of its life nrincinle. and onlv fit to die. This ~ r - r / j process of feeding the mind at the expense r of the body, is one of which nearly all 3 schools aud colleges are guilty, of which most r of the professions arc guilty, and concerning - which charges can be laid at the door of al3 most every kind of business. It is an evil 1 especially peculiar to our age. Young Amer1 ca loads down the intellect, puts on all the 3 power and breaks down the bodily car in the i morning of life. Our country is all strewn over with the wrecks of this evil. It is a , hot-house cultuie of the mind; a kind of [ electrical application of power to develop - mind and secure results before their time. We do not object to hard study; it is the making of minds. We approve of strong and continuous effort; it strengthens the ; nerves and liardness the muscles of mind. r We recommcud vigorous mental application ; it gives stature and power to the inner man. i But we object to doing it at the expense t of the body. Wc object to wearing out t the body before it is time, in this process. The mind should always be used with a view t to its relations to the body , and as the body r is formed with relations to mind, we doubt not that a rich mental culture is favorable to the health of the body. If mental culture is kept up near to the limit of the bodily strength, we doubt not that it is favoiable to health and long life. The most cultured 1 men often live to an advanced age. Scholia ars, philosophers, statesment, often wear 1 the frost of four-score years. For strong health-, for vigorous phisical I powers, mind should receive a wise and vigr orous culture. The uervous system acquires ' strength by the judicious culture of the mind. Schools, study, book, learning pro fessions, mental pursuits are favorable to health under the direction of enlightened I judgment. But all mental exercise should ' be so ordered as never to exhaust the physiI j cal powers?as never to pale the cheek, j wither the muscles, oppress the spirits or ini j tcrfere with the health operations of the i body. Beyond actual mental exertions, there are | many mental causes of ill health. Disquie. tude, despondency, care, anxiety, affection. ate solicitude, wounded pride, wounded afi fections, disappointment, sorrow, grief, and i many other states of mind long suffered ac. tually derange the healthy operations of the j body. They lower its tone and weaken its : I powers. i Mental cheerfulness?a free and easy i spirit, is the great antidote to all maladies i from such causes, one absolute essential to II health. The burden of a heavy heart is very great. From observations of many years making, we cannot but think that mental unrest and over-exertion in all its various forms, is one of the primary causes of the present low state of health and shortness of life in all mvilizod nnmmunities. One fact bearing on " " "" O i this point is worthy of notice. It is, that the average age among the Society of Friends or Quakers, is said to be one-third longer i than among other people. The great distinction between them and the world at large, is their superior intelligence and calmness of miud. Though people of thought, they are proverbially people of calm and cheerful spirits. WANT OF REST AND SLEEP. As intimately connected with the cause ill health we have just pointed out, we would speak of a want of sufficient rest and sleep as a fruitful cause of early decay. Ours is a fast age. Wisdom, wealth, fame, fortune and many other things must be obtained in red hot haste. Long days and short nights, many working and few resting hours, is the order of our time. Pleasure, toil, ; and study, all reach far into the eight. ' God's use of day and night is materially ' modified in all towns and cities, and too often in the country. Late hours and little rest has unstrung many a strong farmer.? Sleep, is "nature's restorer" of the body's wasted powers. Let the night be given to rest and sleep, and the day to its duties or, ' pleasures) and it would do much for the wasted energies and failing health of the] . " civilized world. Sleep will often care when drugs end drams will only kill. Give children sleep, the youth sleep, and all the weary ones sleep, as much as they want, and it to them regularly,in its proper timeand give place and it will restore many a weakly and worn one, and preserve the health of mufti- ^ tiides more. Sleep through the hours that {jod has dedicated to that restoring mystery, if you would be sound in body or mind. MASONIC BEPOBT. We have had the pleasure lately, of reading the Report of the Com mittee upon the History of Clinton Lodge, No. 3 ; and Jbuk pose to give a short abstract of its contents. The Report professes to be meagre and tittsatifactory, on account of the early records of the Lodge, and the difficulty of supplying the loss, from an imperfect tradition. Clinton Lodge was in existence in 1812 ; but the date of its institution, the Committee have been unable to ascertain. In 1818, Dr. Arnold was W. M., and the Rev. Jaa. Moore was S. D. In 1829, it waa still in. existence, in Abbeville C. H.; as the corner stone of the old Court House was then laid with Masonic ceremonies. At some., time between this period and 1839, the Ledge was removed to Churchill, where it ceased to maintain its organization, and all rechitl of its early history perished. The Committee have been enabled to rescue from oblivion * .1 c Cft. n 1 r.t-- T mi; uauica 01 uuj-uve uiciuuent ui iuc ia/u^? previous to its removal, making the ^whole , number of registered names over two huS*' dred. In 1S39, it was re organized, at C&tfe Springs, under a dispensation from the Grand Lodge. Its communications were here held with some regularity, until the year 1845 when it was removed to Abbe-1 ville C. H. This was an auspicious era^in I its history, and under the government of til? Rev. James Moore, it became the centfe'.of an extended Masonic revival, in this anil the * adjoining districts. Hiram Lodge, Anderson ; Recovery Lodge, Pendletonj Palmetto Lodge, Laurens; the Cokesbury Lodge; the Lodge at Calhoun's Mills; Amon Lodge, Laurens; and Amity Lodge, Newberry, owe their existence to this revival. Free Masonry seems to have been- coeval with the earliest settlement of the Di6triot. Cambridge Lodge at Ninety-Six, is. remembered by some of our oldest citizens, as an old institution, at the date of their earlitat recollections. The Scuffletown Lodge vnrsfc organized in Laurens District in 1790, and afterwards removed to this District in. 1805 or 1806, is another instance of the antiquity of Masonry, in this section. This Lodged a A ler uuuriBuiug lur wuuy ra, uuu among its members, some of the first men of Abbeville, Laurens, Greenville and Pendleton, finally languished and became extinct from the operation of two causes? Intemperance and the Morgan-exilement ?which in a great measure, contributed to produce the general depression, from whicb Masonry, has only recently recovered. The Report urges upon the Brotherhood, the necessity of guarding with scrupulous care, the purity of the ballot box. Masonry is not a remedial institution, but is designed to unite in the bonds of fraternity, men of established moral worth. Whilst it igiioroa the distinction of birth and wealth, it should aim at the highest standard of moral purity, and admit to its association, men only of undoubted character. The Report of the Committee is written in an easy flowing style, and abounds in wise counsel, sage reflection, and earnest exhortation. In spite of the limited materials, at their command, the Report of theOommittee is quite an interesting document and poutmends itself to general perusal.?Abbeville Banner. i AN OSSIFIED MAIL Iu a quiet little village on the Western Reserve, in Ohio, says the Prcscott Transcript, there lives a man who, physiologically considered, iB certainly one of the wonders of the world. His joints are completely ossified, turned to bone, and he is not capable of making the slightest movement, except alternately openiug and shutting two fingers, of his right hand. His body is as rigid as iron, and it couldn't be bent without breaking some of his bones. This singular nre- * O y - ^ 4 ccss of ossification has been going on in bis system for more than twenty years. "He is. now about 46 years old and has not had the use of his limbs so that he coald walkftince he was nineteen. Ossification commenced first in his ankle joints, gradually extending itself through his system until he was entirely helpless; since that time he has been wholly under his mother's care and' she watches over him with an anxiety only a mother can feci. When about 26 years old he became entirely blind from some unknown cause, and has remained so ever since. At about 30 he suffered greatly from the toothache, and.finally had them all extracted*? A year or two afterwards his finger and toe ails came off, aud were supplied by.otheis growing out from his fingers and toes at jight angles, and presenting the appearance of horns. What is still more singular in regard to his nails, if the end of the nail is cut . off it will bleed freely. Snch is the condition of this remarkable man at the present time. He has been visited by a great number of scientific men from all parts of the world, but all nave railed to give any plausible reason of the cause of his transformation from flesh to bone. Singular as it inay appear, although his jaw bone is firmly set in his head, he not only talks freely, but fluently converses with his friends and those who visit him, on all ordinary topics of the day, and he shows himself well informed, and of mind TTfl ia alvavs bvuumM contented and happy, and it seeua-ptooable that he will lire many years to come. Jti^A Sailor being asked how he liked his bride, is reported to have remarked:?'Why, d'ye see, I took her for to be only half of me, as the parson says; bat dash me, if sho isn't twice as muoh as L I am only a Tar, and she's a Tar-tar." ^ < . _ . . > ' .