Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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An iiuk'j>tiiiieal Journal: ror tin! i'lvmoiioit of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the South. |iewis m. geist, eumuhw. VOL. 3. YOil K VT LLL, V;, T11UESDAY, YOYEAIBhiB 27, 1956. NO. 48. Clxoicc jUocfw. o Ktr ^ * AMERICA. T/?r. 1 of the free a : I birthj ' i4, V:"li 50 eagle s'ivs alone, with r. retii QrrivilinUia flight t?LnV..! >f High thought, Whore poorest souls sau-t >. :.r J.'ujr groat be P!y Ocean lakes;?by i..'..ivaeti> that p ;v. From heights tremendous, *vl a - v A* thoughfumelaigh.y *cuVvrii*imasi wo *ehttr' O'er rocky barriers cu a reeling e J.and of the brave, or. whose all > r.aeovir.g breo. t The exile 1 lreer<an may securely vest. Ami find beneath thy brad n'oi-ha Vying --by. The quiet home of all other bmf.s :jr :? A little while ago thou wort a thing That bawe'J, anu btrnfed tnnn might be born a king; And birth p. Jj^laccs cowl 1 pi to control O'er l!ic unmeasured fore > - f?il: That long-drawn title, blued, anil ' e, Maderdgimic.t worshipful, a 1 What art thouuow ? WhatG;veec has - - a ofyor. : Ay 1 mor . iny lan-l: ine.-li.ur.b'y more 1 Orcce, Tvhou a Flato taught, a Sobui . >v iyc 1, lire o;. prcnl vaunt was broken or d< .c.yed, When in the Parthcon her C-d'- ..bole. Ami every sun on brighter gloryiwe-J, AVas but a dim fove-hadowi:i_ of tie. \ For, at.her freest, Greece v.v -.-.ever free! 'Tis no vain boast; I km w the Per 'an fled ; 1 know a million for that .4;a lo .v bled :? Therinoplylne, Platen, Marathon, Were to its watchword fought, and nobly won : Who feucht were heroes 1 ? denii-gods who fail And what tiio conqueror's meed ? the sneer,? ,-.w Who freest poured their Mood to serve her cause, Bought the sadright to suffer by her laws : If this wero freedom, w'-en the pood, th? pi ear, Unheard, unjudgecl, wcrcbauished from tii_ rate, Her freedom-mark !?What fool a - ?rl- !tnt wc Arc not than Greece more groat, than Greece more free? Yes ! n<y own land upon t'r.c j cf tli Thou stand'st a pillar spot!, r. : i ! ! ..i\ To pi int.mankind on to their rthl t go il? The realm of min i, the common tn >1: of sou', I\ r here the right to to, ami to be groat, Itests not on birth, on tide, or estate: The man tvho holds h;s million at control, And he most poor, each reprrent ow <r An 1 till that souls in balance, he v>\:r!;c !, Or shown to be of sov*. rn1 textures made, Each shall alike he c-; able ; d:atv Their country's honor au-l tluir . uatry's care. This is our freedom : this is i ) be free. God keep it so till time shall cease to be ! s. v,-. c. %- Cljriiliiio' Utori). w j -= THt fifes ' mam. In th2 shadows of the Wissahiken wood? net more than a half mile from the Scliulyhill there stood in the time of the P.evolution, a quaint old fabric, built o: minglvi logs and stone, and encircled by a palisade of wall. It had boon erected in the earlier days of 'William 3*enn, perhaps sou yc before the great aportlc o: pence tro 1 our shores?as a block-house, intended as a defence against the Indians. And now it stood with its many roofs, its numerous ehimno.Y-'. its massive square windows, its varied nvv.t of logs and stone itencircling wall, through which admin una was gained by a largo and stoutly built gate: it stood in the midst of a wood, with ugi worn trees enclosing its veteran outline o; every side. From its western window you might ob tain a glimpse of the Schuylkill wave-, whih a large easement of the southern front com nianded a view of the winding road as i, sun! out of view uuuor the shade of thickly A us tered boughs, into a deep hollow, not mori than a hundred yards from the mansion. Here, from the southern easemm-.t on on of those balmy summer days which look i: upon the dreary autumn, toward the !.-e ol November, a farmer's daughter was.using with dilating eyes and clasped hands. "Well might she gaze earnest]y to the south and listen with painful intensity f.r the slightest sound ! Her brothers were : -.v:ty with the armies of Washington,and li t ther a grhu eld vet -rail?he -! >;, 1 six ,A : throe inches in his stockings?".vlie !. .?} man itested his hate for the red cv.tt inv ale - ir many a hard fought contest, had that morn ing left her alone in liie o'd mansion, ;don< in this small chamber, in charge of sock ammunition iutended for a band of bravi fanners, about to join the hosts of freedom Even as she stood there gazing uut of the southern window, a faint glimpse of sunligh from the faded leaves above, pouring uvci her mild face, shaded by cht-.lori br ?wi liair, there not ten paces from her tide, wo.seven loaded rifles and a keg of powder. Lenuiug from the caseracttt. sl.e li. tor.', viih cVvij nerve <p.u>Li,.;., uilh ^a.-p-a. ? .< the shouts of combatants, the hurried trea; of armed men, echoing from the south. There was something very b'.uUifu! h that picture 1 The form of the young girl framed bv the sou.are massive window, tin contrast between the rot;: h timbers that on closed her, and the round, .i dir.', the lip; parting, the hazel eye dilating, and tin cheek warming and flushing with hope an fear; there was something very beautiful i; that picture, a young girl loaning from tin window of an nid mansion, with her bmwi hair waving in glossy masses around he face. Suddenly the shout; v-f the sou.': pa ? nearer, and then, emerging from the da?] - ... i i . Jicli'j\v, there came an oui m.m, runun. lull speed, yet every few p;tv i .u:. to lire the rifle, which he loach' 1 as l.o run lie was pursued by feu or more h so! dicrs who came rushing ou with ii.vc i v.-; nets, as if to strike their victim down, or he Jftlvanced ten paces nearer to tiie Louse On and ou the old man came, while id daughter, quivering with* suspense, hum leaning from the window; he reaches th block house gate?look! lie is surrounded their muskets are leveled at Ids head ; lie i down, down at their feet giuq pling for hi life I But look again ! lie dashes his to aside, with one bold movement lie sprin" through the gate, an i >tand it : ! .\c cd , the British s diieis, n I v.'ih r. gaze upon the high walls of log and stone an 1 vent their anger in drunken cur.Nov/ look to yonucr window ! Win re th vouug girl stood a moment ago, quiverin with sa.-pense, as she beheld lior lathe struggling for his life, now stands the ol .'i hitr.-rlf, 1:is brow bared, hi - hand ^nis- t iho ri le, while bi< g":v lisiirs wave j ik iroi i Iiis wrinkled and bloot 1 dabbled . face i That was a fine picture of an uhl vet- t oran, licrv <1 for his last furl it j a stout warrior pivparin;: lor hi- dealix stmpriilc! .Peaih stnmuloYc> !?for the old man 1. ' is-.rc Yfampolo. had dealt too many hard i . i.! -ws ruimncr the i 'riiisli soldiers, tricked, I foiled cheated them too often to escape now. i A few moments lomrer am! Lliey would be l)v a ?.;v. parly of reiujreesj the ' 'powder, arms in the M block house, e p.ohaps that dr.utrhter her r', was to be their reward, 'i here was scarcely a hope for the I old man, I vet lie had determined to make t a desperate lie lit. 1: t amsi biuf of those rascals!" liesuid f with a ;aim smile, tija .:iiiir to his child.? c I -Now. 13ess. my e,irl, when f fire this riiio do you hand mo another, and so on, uati! f ; trio whole oi-ltt. are tired ! That wiil keep 1 j them on the other side of the wall, for a lew t I moments no least, and then we will have to \ i? * * - Ii r... <<> f j tiust w '"uu -?u liivj u;.'i . ^ ! Look down there and sac a hand stealing over tlic wall! Ti:e old man levels his piece 1 j ?that ik 'tL-li oiiicer falls back with a crash- c , i cd hand upon his comrades heads. j c Xo longer quivering with suspense, but; ] growing suddenly iirm, the young girl pas- g j scs a loaded ri'lo to the veteran's grasp, and silently wails the result. s For a moment all is sibjnt below; the t Dritish hiv.vos am somewhat loth to try the : t ! wall, wh a a stout ol.l rebel, rifle in baud is j t looking fnmi yonder window .' There is a i v pause?low. de n murmurs, they are holding ' ( council. < A moment is gone, and nine heads are ; 1 thrust above the wall at one?hark ! One? s t\?v;?three! The old man has fired three t shuts, there are three dying men, groveling j v in the yard, buiieath the shadow of the wall ! ! I ' (>u:ck, Dcss, the rifles v And the brave girl passes the rifles to her father's grasp; there arc four shots, one after the other; three more soldiers fall back like weights of lead up..a the ground, and - G # * w a single red coat is see a slowly mounting lo i j the top of the wall, his eye fixed upon the j I door, which ho will force ere a moment is i c gone! Is Now the last ball is tired, the old man ! t stands there iu that second window, his! ^ hands vainly grasping for another rifle ! At |51 this moment, the wounded and dying band j ? below arc joined by a party of some twenty 11 refugees, who clad in their half robber uni- J51 form, come rushing from the woods, and 'f j with one bound arc leaping from the summit * of the wall! J I' Mhue!;, Hess, my rifle!" And loo!; there?even while the veteran 1 * at'v. 1 lot Wrg out upon his foes, the bravo : 1 Lria!?f a. .-lender in Arm, and wi'dy Lcauti- t f'ul in 1a.ee, she is a brave girl a 'Hero Wo- i' ma,;'?had itiaungod as if by instinctive im- |' pulse to load a rifle. She handed it to her 1 father, and then loaded another and another. * Wasn't that a beautiful sight ? A fair young girl, grasping powder and M ' ball, with ramrod rising anu falling in her J1 slender fingers. j1 _ j Mow look dawn the wall again. The rof- j ' ugo s are claim;oritur over its .summit?:ig in a horror cry, and another wounded man toppled down upon his dead and dying com- 1 v.idcs I But now look ! A smoke rises there, a , j !ro bla/.es up around the wall; they have _! fired the gate. A moment, and tlie bolt and i ; the lock will be burnt from its socJMs?the i' : passage will be free. Mow is the llcry mo-! > J mcnt of the old man's trial. While his j' ! 1 brave daughter loads he continues to five.? ' 1 i I fv falls; he falls with a nm-kct ball driven ' into hi-iron-?the u:<u<fjiter's outstretched 1 * ms vt i ivc the latter, as with the blood j' s o ;t:: or from his wound, he topples back | 1; iVum the window. j' Ah, it is :t sad and fe?rlljlo picture ! " j * I Xhs-.t old man writhing there on tlie oaken !, * ' floor, the young daughter bending over hiu), f ^ " | the light- 'Von: the window streaming over j, [ I her face, over her father's gray hair?, while 11 the ancient furniture of the -mall chamber ^ * afi'ui-Js a dim back-ground to the scene. j Mow hark 1 the souud of axes at the hall | 4 i <!. v?r I: -iii ? hurrahs?curses ! j AYc have the old rebel, at last!' ; The 'd .nan ivi ed iiis load at that s >und ; j i m:;-1" urro'h; r t ifort to rise ; clutches for a ' , ri "c. an 1 .!ten "-.lis a;, sin, his eyes glaring, j > as the lie roe pain of the wound quivers i Lhrmiirh his heart. , 1 ' Xow watch th.c movement of that daugh.; tcr. Silently she loads a riiie, silently she < rests (he barrel auainst the head of that j s . swd r . and then, placing her finger on i, . the i agger, st--.n l-: over her lather's form. ] j wi.i' 1 the shouts ui' the enraged soiiiim-.? come j j thundering, from the stairs, Yes, they j, , i have broleu the hall door to 'fragments; '; , tl: y arc in p.. .-.vrioti of the old block house, .. rimy are ru lung i'or that chamber with mar- i d- r in their hearts and in their glaring j < y: i ]' ! tb old man a thousand lives, i< v _ 1 ;!.cv are ret w..rth a fartiiiugs purchase! tH-. . . i< , Still that girl gro r ng . tddenly while as I the baiid'icr-idef round her neck?stands ;; f. t: em' '.in ^ ;'- :i he. I to ibot, tlie ride j hi b- Xi-nl. i. d..rk tube laid against the i. i -:c door is burst open?look there 1? j Stout beans are in the door-way, with mus- ! < kcts in lh( ir hand -, grim faces strrducd with ' i v.i ,i _ ... j.,.,. c UIOHU imu VI..U..UU1. .'' jVr, :f.S i! liel* V.'i > il \\V. eOMeil isstJ ' J 1 1 t the wurus. i:;c young ;r.ri, ]";;ic as :ish?k, her hazel eye gh.ris:g \vilh ilcaihiy light, uiturs this >!iui i yet meaning -j each. C J o i 'Advance one step into the room, as: 1 I - f iri l ii. tli: rifle into llio powder there !' i . .'looalh i in >i!'s li'oin ti'.c hps ol that gii!, . to v.'!:iU".t her resolution, hut there f-Iio j stands alone with her wounded father, tuul y?;L ; .t a soldi r care e ru>s t!so tnrcshuld.? ; ;c . hnbri:' ! as they arc in deeds of blued, there r is something terrible to these men in the I J j simple words of that young girl, who stands | :hcr wilh the rifle laid against I lie keg ol iowVji-. They stood oil bound en I'm threshold if that chamber. At. last one bolder than the rest, a bravo. vIiom- face is half concealed in si thick red >eard, grasp* his musket and levels it at the roung girl's breast. 'Stand back, or by , I will liio.' iStiil the girl is linn, the bravo advances a tops, and than starts back, 'i iio sharp 'click' of thai rile falls with ai: unpleasant imphasis upon his ear. 'Bess. ! am dying,' gasps the old man ain'ty extending his arms. '1 la, ha, we oiled the ::."h;-rs. Come daughter, kneel icre, and say :i prayer for me, and let me eel your warm breath on my face, for i am iold?0, dark and cold !" l.ook ! As those trembling accents fall i\)in the old man's tongue, those lingers unoosc their hold of the riiie, already the roopers are secure of one victim at least, a 'ouiig and beautiful girl ; lur affection for ather is mastering the heroism of tbemomcnt -look 1 She is about lo spring into his arms I Jut now she sees her danger. Again she dutches the rillc; again, although hcrfath ; s dying accents are in cars, stands lire re, ircp.trcd le scatter the house in ruins, if a sin;le rough hand assail.? that veteran form. There are a few brief, terrible u.omenta of uspanse. Then a hurried sound far down he mansion ; then a contest on the stairs ; hen the echo of rifle shot, and the light of he rii'le Maze, then those ruffians in the doorray fell crushed before the strong arms of 'oniinental soldiers. Tlicn the wild shriek |uivcr through the room, and that young ;irl?that Hero Woman, with one bound prings into her brother's arms, and nestles here, while Iiov dead father, his form yet rami lays with fixed eye-balls upon the loor. Sclcd |{casing. COITQUZHIITG 3JTSIOES. livery man v.iil have his enemies, policial enemies if he is a politician, whichever lido he may take ; personal enemies as cer nin as that he is a man. If he does evil lie vill have thorn deservedly, for every wrong ict will more or less disturb the adjustment ind harmony of those laws by which the Jniverse is governed, and so place hint in mtagonism to all the mod, and most even of he bad. Tint if a man doss right, that right vi!l often come in contact with the wrong of >rd man. who. a: mod to pcrretual eon!icts, are pv .port; .tably experience.] and anger us encmb -. !f a man even coos co far cut l!io w: y to avwid difficulties, 1i.it fact will i " pare 'red. ami lie v.Ill only nalee iv,ore of then for hinm-clf instead of ewer, so tliat a bluff, straight-forward, hon;st way of meeting every dmioulty at the outlet. saves many a cjuarrel. The fi e: is (lion to be considered as setlod thai rich man must needs have his c.ieliics, o.'. unjust and encroaching, still uore often mm in:; the most unjust and perjurious i :-: dees as to his motives, and alivays -coking to overthrow the great purpo>cs nl' his life and perh:'.ps.hi:u<clf. This is lot to be looked upon ;.s an exceptional, but i constantly recurring state, and to be provided agah.A as mieh oil settled principles, md not left to chat.ee or momentary impulse. 1 iobbe.s. d:" philos plx-r, indeed went so far s to declare that the natural state of man iva.o a state of war "arc. a war of all men tguin.-t tdl. and thai there was noway t;o natural and mvp- r a.: for each c-tie to seek by force and iV u 1 to ov -rcomo thorn all, until there was no power left t reat enough to Occasion bis fear. !low this was to bo clone, when the 'iv.-t step would bo to make ali ~oiiety his enemy, and (lie whole to make God liis foe, he does not tell us. A wiser man than llubbes unco said on the oth.cr hand, dove your enemies, uo good to them that persecute you, and bless them that curse you." Whichever urny he best for the individual combatants, there can be no doubt as to which plan is best for all the rest of the vurld. On tlie other hand, there is nothing i:i Jhiistiamij', rightly understood, tlcsi?riicd to produce a cowardly submissiveiics.s of spirit indifferent to one's own rights. The first buy oi' every man, i. then, n< > , , /<, {? of raid J'">"J ri" This was the gi'-ut source A' the curly success oi' ('hvi.tianity against the whole power oi the iloman (.iovern incut. It fought fur iutelieuual freedom, liberty of speech and thought, ami it conquered in a long buttle of three centuries. if a man is roiiscious tuat he is in the wrong, or only naif suspects that he lias thus aw; honed enmity, lot him see to it lirst of all that lie gets out of that position. If not, J.o may be ippaivntiy biv.vc. that I.-. !io may brave out, but it is ail bravado, counterfeit courage.? l\0 man has a right to, or can feel secure, while in antagoni an to any orinciple of right, that is :i law of hod. Let him remove all wrong from his side, by ael.nowlodgnient, it])'.logy, or reparation, iit! none exists there. I>ut if lie is in the vie!it, h*t him not be fraiii of any consequence, and never give way an inch from motives of fear. Uc may often do tliis from oilier motives, but not from this. Vet many, under a thousand false pr' ienecs or other reasons, will do this even when in the right, much more when in ilm wrong, not Considering that the very attempt at deception in itself is a wiong and , 0 insult, and puts the man at once into the tiie I'd.c position most easily of all detected, and must certain tube letaliated upon. I*ut lot a man be quite snro that he is . hi, lii.ii ho inny feel ijuito sure of couip.i. -t, Mill o; having any 01101*13* ultimately i:i in)*.\vr. So that tho real difficulty is t ) >w what to uo with him when he shall have got him there. !fact, the '.'hiei danger i' ?r the uiaii who begins 1htis, that the moment he lee Is the gi. ..-p of the stall' in his own hands, he cannot forbear using it retaliating!}' iii cudgelling his enemy, until in fact lie beats a new life into him, far move dangerous than his former self. Let any liiau conscious of being right ask, before taking any further steps, whether lie has considered what he will do with his enemy after he has conquered him. lie cannot kill him and cat him, as the New Zealanders do, or, if he did, he could not destroy all his relatives and friends, or those bound to him, or his cause, by many ties, and the prospect is, that they would keep up the strife till the quarrel spread, and involved the extermination of one or the other party, as in Indian quarrels. Or an enemy might seem to .submi; co" p.i.:ivd, but rise up again to take terrible revenge, just as the- .Jms.*.hi, now humbled by the combination of Franco and England, if they can but once divide their counsels, will revenge themselves on one or both. It is never safe to let an enemy remain such. Nor can any one possibly say that he has overcome, until he lias conauered the enmity in the heart of his foe that was at the bottom of the strife. All success less than this is only that of a battle or* two, which may at any moment be reversed by a more general defeat, wbilc the success of the campaign can only be determined when peace is concluded. Napoleon thought he had.conquered the llussiausat Moscow, but because he could not subdue their enmity, though victorious in each of twenty battles, they beat him at last. So again, had you asked a Pharisee in Jerusalem on the night of the crucifixion, or one of that ruble that had shouted "away with him," of their success, I either would have said we succeeded, we ! conquered wo put him to death, and yet that death gave rise to a secession which proved the destruction of Judaism, and became the seed 01 a new life, the embodiment of the very principles they thought they had succeeded in destroying.?Philadelphia Ledger. INTEMPERANCE. The following is the most graphic delineation of the miseries and effects of intemperance that we have ever seen. It is from the arguments advanced by certain citizens of Portago Ccunty, Ohio, in a memorial to the Legislature on the subject: "And yet its march of ruin is onward !? it reaches abroad to others, invades the family and social circle, and spreads woe and 11 i Tl -~L. .1 ii. sorrow an aiuuuu. ?i ouis uuwu jrouiii in its vigor, manhood in its strength, and ngc in its weakness. It breaks the father's heart, bereaves the doating mother, exiiaguishes natural affection,eras.s conjugal love, blots out iiiiul attachment, blots parental iiopc and brings down mourning age in sorrow tu i the grave. It produces wcakucss, not j strength j sickness, not health; death, not lit'.:. It makes wives widows, children orphans, fathers lieuds, and ail of them paupers and beggais. It hails lever, feeds rheumalisius, nurses gout, welcomes epidemics, invites cholera, imparts pestilence, and em braces consumptions. It covers the land with idleness, poverty, disease and crime.? It iiils your jails, supplies your alms-houses, I and demands your asylums. It engenders controversies, fosters, quarrels, and cherished riots. It contemns law, rpuros order, and loves mobs. It crowds your penitentiaries, and furnishes victims for your scaffolds. It is the life-blood of the gambler, the aliment of the counterfcitor, the prop of the highwayman, and the support of the midnight incendiary. It countenances the liar, respects the thief, and esteems the blasphemer. It violates obligation, reverences fraud, and honors infamy. It defames benevolence, hates love, storms virtue, and slanders inno- j ccnce. It incites the father to butcher his I offspring, helps the husband to massacre his wife, and aids the child to grind his parricidal axe. It burns up man, consumes wo- j j man, uctcsts ate, curses (tod and despises i Heaven. , it suborns witnesses, nurses perjury, defiles the jury box auil staius the judicial ermine. It bribes votes, disqualifies voters, corrupts elections, pollutes our institutions, endangers our Government. It degrades the citizen, debauches the legislator dishonors the statesmen, and disarms the patriot. It brings shame, not honor ; ter- j | ror, not safety; despair, not hope; misery 1 not happiness. And uow, as with tbc maj levolcncc of a fiend, it calmly surveys its | frightful desolations, and insatiate with lra: vuc, it poisons felicity, kills peace, ruins ; morals, blights confidence, slays reputation, i and wipes out national honor, then curses the world and laughs at its ruin." ?, ? - RESPONSIBILITY. For the punctual discharge of private ob{ligations, and for the due transaction of public business and the fulfillment of public trusts, there is a too prevalent opinion that i pecuniary responsibility is the one tiling ' needful. So long as a borrower is supposed j to possessed of property from which the debt may be collected in the last resort, or so i long as a man occupying an important ofiicc ! shall give bonds for the right discharge of ' his duties, people are disposed to extend their i inquiries no further. Character, and that alone, should be the 1 foundation of credit, whether private or pubI lie. A man should be trusted for his honesty ami fidelity, not for his money. No man should bo allowed to become the encumbent ' of a responsible office, where much of the i public property is iutrustcd to his keeping, j merely because he can procure the requisite Tim Minn in wbnsn> bnnilu it. wnnlrl I OUV. UI 1M . J. (IV/ lituu ... .. .. .. v?.? ; bo uusafc to trust a half million of public funds without security, is equally unsafe j with ii; where there is a disposition to be dishonest, means are always fouud by the scoundrel functionary to save his friends aud ' yet ivb the public. When assistants are employed by mcrj chants, brokers and bankers, the confidence of the employers in their integrity is seldom j based upon any security oilier than their own j honesty. To base confidence on bonds and ; pecuniary securities, degrades fidelity to a 11 mere consideration of interest, which will, i of itself, in the end, produce the bad result : | that was sought to be avoided. There :irc men in every community whose ' first and constant aim is to be strictly, scrupulously and conscientiously honest in all their dealings, who would as soon think of j throwing themselves into the Mississippi as | of appropriating to themselves anything hut what belongs to them. The temptation of a hundred thousand dollars to such men is no more than of a dollar. Their integrity forms a part of their nature?it has grown with their growth and strengthened with their strength?you cannot separate it from them, ft is often connected with an exactness in lesser pecuniary matters which lends to render it odious to the unthinking, but of this despised parsimony honesty is the foundation. Such men are careful how they risk rashly their means of discharging their duties to their creditors or society. They arc seldom speculators, seldom brilliant financiers, hut their word is as good as gold. It is the duty of society to select their public servants from men of this class; it is high time that honesty should be the first requisite to public trust and public employment. There would be less difficulty in finding this attribute were a due value set upon it and public attention turned to it with a proper spirit. The right material for public employment is abundant enough, but it is generally accompanied with a modesty which reuders it necessary to find it out and call it out. The men of integrity are the truly great men in every State but this greatness is from its own nature entirely unostentatious, and even remains in obscurity.?iY. 0. Courier. GEN. CASS. "We copy the following from the Savannah Georgian : "Xhe South has of late been repeatedly called to mourn the fall of her noble allies j in the halls of our national legislature. One I by one have fallen with the harness on, in ! the heat of the conflict, before the ruthless ! blows of free-soil borders. The accomplished Touccy has been swept before a torrent be I was no longer able to stem ; the brave aud chivalrous Shields is au exile from his State, deprived of his position by the unrelenting hand of proscription; and the gallant Dodge j has lowered his crest and the ring of his true j steel is no longer heard above the din of battle when our rights arc at stake. "But it remained for this contest to bring out the most foul and damning deed of all. Our dispatches advise us that Michigan has i been carried by the blaclc-rcpublican, and that General Cass, the 'Nestor of the Scn' ate,' after a long life devoted to the service of his country and her constitution, is to be i deprived of his seat. This is a crushing blow ; to all the great interests of our country?a source of deep niortilication to all conservative men of the North and South, and speaks in a voice of fearful import to us whose interests and rights have been so long and so ably defended at his hands. Our feelings of joy at the general result must be tempered with sadness by this announcement; and while we must feel a holy indignation at this I foul disgrace, we have the satisfaction of | knowing that the 'old man eloquent,' after ! a long and wcllspent public life, full of honj ors and ripe in years, retires to his heme followed by the regrets and gratitude of thousands of his countvymeu." THE POISON STBICHNINE. This drug, which has lately become so notorious for destroying the lives of human bcinrrs. is a most dcadlv organic noison. A o / ^ */ o f I dog Ins boon killed with the sixth part of a grain of it, and a human being with less.? 1 When introduced into the stomach it acts ! with fearful energy, causing lock-jaw immediately, violent spasms and death in a few minutes. It is odorless, but so intensely bitter as to be perceptible to the taste when one part is diluted in a million parts of water.' The composition of strichninc is carbon 41, hydrogen 24, oxygen 4, nitrogen 2 equivalents. It is colorless, and forms soluble crystalisable salts. It is an alkaline base, I and is extracted principally from the Strydims mix vomica. The tree from which it is obtained is of moderate size, and grows in several parts of the East Iudies and the Island of Ceylon. Its fruit arc large orange-colored berries, the pulp of which is the favorite of many birds. The seeds coutain the deadly poison. They arc flat and round, about an inch in i diameter, and grey in color. These seeds | were used as a mediciuc, and as a poisou, by i the Hindoos, long before they were known j iu Europe. Many of the natives of Ilindos! tan often use it as people use opium. They ; commence with taking the eighth of a nut, ' I a day, and gradually increase their allowance : to an entire nut, which would be about tweu! ty grains. If they cat it directly before or j after food, no unpleasant effects arc produced; { but if they neglect this precaution, spasms ! arc the result. The bark of the tree is also poisonous, and ; from its resemblance to Augustura or Ouspa! ria bark, a tonic medicine imported from *- * .11/*! ^ _ .1 ! .^outti America, a great ucai oiaianu uuuv;*.-1 | citciuont in (Jenuauy, was caused in the car- j j ly part of this century by being uiijtcd with | I that bark. No sure antidote has yet been ! discovered for this posion, but some ckemj ists have attained to great skill in detecting ! it, when administered as a poison. The foli lowing is Dr. Thompson's method of detcct| ing the one-thousandth pavt of a grain : ! Having placed a drop of strong sulphuric j I acid on a piece of glass, add to it, a small J : quantity of the suspected substance, and j i stir the whole together, so as to faver solu-1 j tiou ; then sprinkle over the mixture a little ! powdered brichromate, of potash, and gently I move a glass rod through the fluid. If strychnia be present, a violet color of considcraj bio beauty will be almost immediately proi duccd, which, after a few minutes, will fade ! into a reddish yellow, but may be rcncw! cd by the addition of more bichromate, so lung as any strychnine remains uudistroyed in the mixture. In this way the thousandth part of a grain of that alkaloid may be made to yield a very decisive indication The points to be noticed arc that sulphuric acid alone produces no apparent effect, and the actioil begins at once around each particle of the bichromate, so that if the glass be held in a vertical position, streams of a violet colorcd iluid may be seen to flow from each particle : and if at this time the whole be slowly stirred, the entire bulk of the fluid will speedily assume the same characteristic tint. 440?*- ? WRECK OF THE LYONNIAS. "Wc left New York on Saturday, November 1, at 12 o'clock. All went on pleasantly until 11 o'clock on Tuesday night, November 4, 58 miles to the northward of the light on Nantucket Shoals, when, just immediately after the passengers and many of the crew had retired, leaving the watch on deck, a three masted vessel was observed bearing down upon us. We did all in our power to avoid a collision with her, by riuging our bells and blowing the steam-whistle to warn her of our vicinity ; but before we could head off she struck us amidships, tearing out an entire square of the plate iron. The water rushed in with great force; and,although every effort was made to stop the hole, by plugging it with mattresses, quiits, pillows, &c., it was discovered that the water was gaining upon us very rapidly. Half an hour had hardly elapsed ere the fires in the furnaces were qucuchcd. The steam-pumps having previously become choked with coal, were of little service in freeing the ship. All on board were seized with panic, and it was with difficulty that the captain could calm the fears of the passengers, and induce the crew to bale the ship. He finally succeeded in mustering the crew together, and, with the aid of the passengers, who formed iu baling-partics, rigged a cable iu the hold, and by this means was able to reach the water. The passengers and crew worked heroically, until worn out, and finding the water gaining on them rapidly, at an early hour the following morning (Wednesday) they commenced constructing a raft, and by 4 o'clock, p. in., it was finished. At this time the vessel was sinking rapidly. Ily f) o'clock, five boats (the ship's comnlf?nn?nt 1 wf>ro :iml nninlrlv fillpel r* / ?- ? ? _ !" ?j ? with passengers. The captain gave directions to those in the boats to steer to the uorthwaid. The boats, however, were unprovided with compasses and badly provisioned, the water in the ship having spoiled ; the bread and other provisions could not be obtained from the store-room on account of the storm. Hardly had two of the boats left the steamship than they went down, and those who were on board endeavored to reach the raft, which was crowded with about fifty persons. 31 any, in their elfurts to preserve their lives in this death struggle, sank to rise uo more. Of the forty-live or lilty persons in these boats, at least two-thirds were drowned. I had proceeded some little distance towards these unfortunate sufferers, and with my boat tried to reach them, but not having any oars, or even anything that would serve as a paddle, I was obliged to leave them to their fate. Night comiug on I lost sight of the other two boats and the raft. ]Jy the dim light the moon afforded, I saw the steamship some distance off, but gradually lost sight of her. I left the captain on board the vessel, and as to his fate I have no knowledge. A few of the crew remained with him. I forgot to mention that the vessel that canicin collision with us, although apparently uninjured, made 110 effort to render us assistance, or even to ascertain what injury we sustained, but steered away. Little do I know, however, but she too has sunk into the depths of the mighty deep, and all on board perished. On Thursday morning the weather began to show unfavorable signs, and at midday it commenced snowing, hailing and raining violently. Judge of our pitiable condition, in an open boat, leaking at the rate of eight barrels per hour, keeping us continually bailing. We suffered severely, the stoMf'- increasing in violence, and noxt day dawned upon us no better off than the day before.? Our scanty supply of eatables, which con sisted only of preserves, were greatly diminished. We had no water, and it was pitiable to hear the cries of my poor companions; they were such as would make the stoutest heart quail. The next day our sufferings were augmented by the renewal of the storm, which pelted upon U3 pitilessly. That day will be remembered by those in the boat. To imagine the agony of an old gentleman of sixty years struggling with death in its most harrowing aspect, will fail to realize the scene. He died before nightfall. Many began to think that tney would soon follow him to eternity. During the night a seaman and myself found it difficult to keep our companions alive. By dint of much exertion, however, we succeeded.? Several, however, iucluding myself, were severely frost bitten. We were now entirely out of provisions, starvation staring us in our faces. Want of water compelled us to drink sca-water, but this, of course, only increased our thirst.? We uow made up our minds that we were indeed lost. It is impossible to describe our frightful condition ; no water, food, clothes' frozen to our backs, feet wet and frozen, Jnd strength exhausted with bailing out the boat. Saturday morning wc discovered a sail.? Oh ! how glad were our hearts at this sight! but many of my poor companions were too helpless to see even this coming succour.? On making signals to her by the raising of bauds and a handkerchief, she bore down for us. Stic proved to be the bark Elisc, Capt. Nordenholst, from Baltimore for Bremen, who took us on board, and in the kindest manner did all in his power to alleviate our sufferings and make us as comfortable as he could under the circumstances. We continued to suffer severely from the efFects of our privations .and exposure. Capt. Nordenholst found it inconvenient to accommodate so large a nr.inber, and wished to transfer us to some vessel bound to the United States, lie signalized an American ship, supposed to be bound to some eastern port, but she paid no attention to the signal. On Monday morning last, having then been two days on board the bark, we spoke the Hamburg bark Eliso, Captain Neilson, bound from Hamburg to New York, who sent a boat alongside. Upon hearing of our misfortunes, and ascertaining our wish to proceed to New York, he kindly offered us a passage in his vessel. All but two of us went on board his hospitable ship, where we experienced the utmost kindness at his hands and those of the passengers and crew. Mr. Schcler and lady decided to proceed to Bremen in the bark, and thence to their destination. "We cannot give too much praise to Cap tain jNcilson tor his humane treatment or us. Mr. Dominego, a passenger, ah Italian, is so much frost-bitten that his life is despaired of. Flora Solomon and M'llc Ernestine 13ellett, were severely injured by the cold, but arc recovered. The crew are progressing as well as can be expected. Of the fate of those on the raft and in the two boats, together with that of the captain and the few of the crew remaining on the ship, I know nothing, but I surmise that the boats were picked up by some passing vessel. I do not thiuk the raft could have floated in the heavy sea that rolled the first- ^ night, and I'm afraid that all on board went down with it. BEAUTIFY^YOUR HOME. Every man should do his best to own a home. The first money he can spare ought to be invested in a dwelling, where his family can live permanently. Viewed as*-? matter of economy, this is important, not only because he can ordinarily build more oheaply than he can rent, but because of- the expense caused by frequent changes of rest-., dcncc. A man who early in life builds a home for himself and family, will save some -y thousands of dollars iu twenty years, besides avoiding the inconvenience and trouble of removals. Apart from this there is something agreeable to our better nature in having a home we can call our own. It is a form of property that is more than property. It speaks to the heart, enlists the sentiments and enables the possessor to realize a happiness that should be desired by all. The associations that spring up around it, as the birth place of children?as the scene of life's holiest emotions?as the sanctuary where the spirit cherishes its purest thoughts, are such as all value; and whenever their influence is exerted, the moral sensibilities are improved and exalted. The greater part of our happiness in this world is found at home; but how few recollect that the happiness of today is increased by the place where wc were happy on yesterday, and that, insonsibly, scenes and circumstances gather up a state of blessedness for the weary hour of the future ! On this account we should do all in our power to make home attractive. 2"it only should we cultivate such tempers as serve to render its intercourse amiable and affectionate, hut we should strive to adorn it with those channs which good sense and refinement so easily impart .to it. We say easily, for there are persons vrho think that a home cannot be beautiful without a considerable outlay of money. Such people are iu error. It costs little to have a neat flower garden, and* to surround your *VI/ica cimwln VvAonfiAQ UWUIJIU^ )Y iiu bUVOC OilLIJJIH MbHUViWO nwiVU delight the eye far more than expensive objects. If you will let the sunshine and the dew adorn your yard, they will do more for you than any artist.. Nature delights in beauty. She loves to brighten the landscape and make it agreeable to the eye. She hangs the ivy around the ruin, over the stump of a withered tree twines the graceful vine.' A thousand arts she practices to animate the senses and please the mind. Follow her example and do for yourself what she is.always laboring to do for you. Beauty is a divine instrumentality. It is one of Grod's chosen forms of power. We never see creative energy without something beyond mere existence, and hence the whole universe is a teacher and inspirer of beauty. Every * man was born to be an artist, so far as the appreciation and enjoyment of beauty are concerned, and he robs himself of one of the precious gifts oFhis being if he fails to fulfill this beneficial purpose of his creation.? Sunday Times. s? Caught Him.?The plea of insanity has,; permitted many a scoundrel to go unwhipt of justice, but the design to ride the same hobby failed in a recent case iu this village through thecutencssof a medical committee. As the facts come to ourearstbey are these: Hugh Holt, indicted for horse-stealing, was imprisoned till Court. During this time he acted out insanity, and demeaned himself * '* i i- mb.'. more liKe a Drute man a numan Doing. ahis gave plausibility to the story. The Solicitor?J. P. Beid, Esq., is up to all such dodges, and resists the pulling of wool over his eyes. lie therefore sent a competent medical board to make a survey of the wrecked mind. After talking with the unfortu-'. ' nate lunatic, and hearing his incoherent gibberish, with a wink and a nod to each other, they gave audible expression to their opinion that his was a hopeless case of "mind diseased," and duty required them to report i hiui fit only for the rigors of the Lunatic Asylum?the terrors of which were expatiated upon with no dull fancy. The description given of the place, to which they were unwilling to send any being wearing the humanlTorm, conjured up tortures and torments, in the attentive ears of Holt, little short of the infernal regions, and, operated upon by his fears, he exclaimed, "Gentlemen, I swear I'm no more crazy than you are ?". They assured him of their concurrence in this opinion ; and, alter trial, he was duly convicted of the crime of horse-stealing.?Carolina. Spartan. I