Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, August 07, 1856, Image 1

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P .. . ' ^ .'>v: jamx^melton, }proprietore- An Independent Journal: For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the South. | lewis k. gbbt, fiimi?hm. VOL^. YOEKYILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, A.XJG-TJST 7, 1856. 3^Q. 33./ (Lboirr |Votto. THE 2LIND MAN. "Jesus answered, and said unfn him, : What wilt thou that I should do unto thee ?" | The blind man saic1 unto hiin, Lord, that I may receive my sight." "What wilt tbou have ?" This question still The Savior asks of every heart: "What wilt tlion have ? all power is mine, What'er thou wilt I can impart." Answer, 0 heart, thou restless heart, What is thine inmost desire ? What oftenest stirs thy longings deeps? What qnickens most thy hidden fire ? Ah, is it not some bright, sweet dream Of love or beauty, wealth or power? Some fishing gleam of earthly joy? Some fond enchantment of the hour ? Yes, tee are blind : in midnight gloom Are wrapt our souls, which should behold, Trvsfonft nf hllV>tiU>? Slirdl <1S tlieSO. - All heaven before our sight unrolled. Well may we still repent the prayer Of him who, veiled in earthly night, Beforo the Saviour waiting stood? 'Lord, that I may receive my sight." 'Cfinjjfnmcc (tssaii. AN ADDRESS TO THE PEOPLE OF YORK DISTRICT, i ON THE OBJECTS JtC.J OS THE SONS OF TEMPERANCE. Fellow Citizens :? "We address you by instruction and I authority of the York Division of the Sons of Temperance. The objects of the society, and the duty of the christian, the moral man, the good citizen and lover of his country in reference thereto, will constitute our topics. The objects of the organization arc readily expressed in a few general propositions. They are, to encourage each other in total abstinence from intoxicating drinks ?to reclaim the drunkard?to suppress by counsel and example all drunkeuncss iu the j land?to work for the eradication of all those ! condticements, by which intemperance is sustained and promoted, and thus by necessary consequence promote the best iuterests of our people, and advance the welfare of our State. The first consideration is?is the use of alcoholic drinks an evil iu our land ? Who will stand up and affirm that it is not?is not a mighty evil, the greatest of all the so- ! cial evils, which pollute our homes, and de-: file our country ? Go where you may?wander where you will?whether to the ballot-1 box, in the discharge of your duty as a citizen of this free republic?or to the field of military parade?or to the indispensable sale of the effects of a neighbor, whose place on earth shall know him no more?or to any point of business or of pleasure?or even to the sanctuary"of God, what fear broods over ; your mind?what evil looms up before your 1 imagination, except the demoniac ravings ; and consequents of the jruzzler? of whiokry i and distilled spirits? Intemperance i- that ' feared evil?the only one usually realized, i Clear of this blighting curse, our country j would be a comparative Eden. Fathers and j mothers could better hope for their sons, and ! rest in calmer security. The patriot could ' look forward with greater confidence to a i bright career for his cherished State; and ; the christian would exult in the enlivening I prospect of a glorious ingathering of the ransomed of the Ford. It is intemperance mainly, which crowds your Sessions' dock- j ets?fills your prisons?supplies your gallows?cuts the throats of your citizens? blights the happiness of the domestic fireside ?breaks the hearts of wives and children / _; i__ i r :i? _ .1: . i ! ana menus?ueggars rauuues?sowsuiscuiu s among neighbors?induces beastliness?con-1 duces to almost every other vice?impedes J the progress of all moral reforms?cripples 1 the labors of the sanctuary, and robs church, State and society of what should be man's i glory, duty, and destiny. It is an open, glaring, wide-spread, and frightful evil. If there be a single individual within the c 1-' fines of our district, whose understanding is ; ' so perverted, and whose conscience is in such 1 a condition of obliquity as to doubt the evil of intemperance, we tell him, this address is not designed fyr him. Such man lias i our sympathy, but not that consociation even \ implied by a public address. Admitted then to be an evil, an evil of j deplorable magnitude, should not drunken- j ness be opposed, suppressed and rooted out ' of the land ? Conscience?your conscience, j reader, returns no uncertain answer. Fur-1 uished by your Creator with this inward monitor?this "candle of the Lord," you reply to the question with a full affirmative. j No houest man can claim the privilege, to compromise with evil. To seek and affect the accomplishment of this noble work, whose is the duty ? (t is yours as well as 1 ours. Who permits you to repose at Meroz ? ; Not He, which lias pronounced a bitter curse ' against those who "came not to the help of the Lord, to the help of the Lord against the mighty." IIow and by what means is the ; evil to be opposed?abolished? How else j than "with ail thy heart, and with all thy j soul, and with all thy mhuV*?by your counsel, influence^ example and snha/a no? ! "yea, with what clearing of ourselves, yea, : what indignation, yea, what fear, yea, what vehement desire, yea, what zeal, yea, what revenge ! '?and with that readiness and zeal of Phinehas, bv which the ulao-ue of Ts rael was stayed. To do loss is to trifle with known duty. lie, who knows his Master's will, and neglects it, cannot escape with impunity^ The detail of the means is not yet exhausted. Mau is a social being. He has to do with his fellow-man. The evil is abroad in society. The question here arises, can the greatest good be accomplished by individual action, or by combined effort and orgauiza%: , tion? Without the possibility of a doubt, reason itself cannot err from the correct conclusion. Why do good men organize Bible societies, Missionary societies, Tract societies, and hundreds of other benevolent societies why do individuals form associations or organizations in every department and concernment of life ? It is simply because of the superior efficiency of organization.? The experience of mankind speaks trumpcttongued on this subject. But to close cavil: the Spirit of divine truth has affixed his seal, that organization is the preferable mode, and is our reasonable duty. If not, why did Christ require organization in TIis Church? He never requires a vain thing. The conclusion then is inevitable, that, to suppress intemperance, organization is more efficient ?more in accordance with duty than individual eifort; and it becomes your and our duty, whether as christians, or as good citizens. to resort to it To do less is nornin to 7 " -- O trifle with duty. But to what organization does our duty point? Truth and conscience answer: to that which is most efficient without transgressing duty. This most effieicut organization we are hold in avowing is the one among us, known as the Soxs of Tempkuaxce. Header, name the better and more efficient organization, if you can, other than that which we have named. Are you a member of that other? Furnish us with it, and we will discharge our duty in seeking membership with it and you. The evil is upon us, cutting down its thousands?our sands of life are fast wearing away, and our accounts hastening to a close. Shall you and we stand here all the day idle, or, almost as culpable, shall we play the part which was played at Washington in 1814, when the enemy.was rapidly advancing to pillage and destroy the city : instead of throwing out the flints by the bag-full, shall we proceed to count them out one by one, and, fearing some mistake, insist on counting them over again ? The city was lost of course ; and our cause Will be lost by adhering to a like policy. Where is the olden State Temperance Society with its simple pledge, freedom from control, and sometime meetings ? And echo auswers, where. Imbued with no active principle of cohesion, it passed away as the morning cloud and the early dew. It soon died; perhaps of atrophy?perhaps of catalepsy?or perhaps, as a physician once said of a patient, "of want of breath." We admif 1 f wnn o lnn/lohlrt PArtirtf TT onrl Knrl O lllro I uiLb ib uaa a lauuauic syvicujj auu uau u. imv glorious object with the Sous; but not striking the proper chord in man's nature, it expired so soon as the first ebullition of excitement exhausted itself. The practice and efficiency of such societies, generally, have their counterpart in the conduct of those chri.-tiuns, who once or twice a year come up to the remembrance feast of their Lord and Master, and never again think of duty, until the return of a like occasion. Pretty christians, say you. Almost useless society, say we. The records of the Sons of Temperance exhibit a different histoiy. Dating its inception from "sixteen noble hearted men" in the city of New York, on the 29th September 1842, the progress of the organization lias been onward, the steady tramp of the disciplined phalanx. Planting thoir feet on the rock of eternal truth, trebly armed with the rectitude of their cause, fixing their eyes on the glory of a mighty nation redeemed from drink, and casting at their feet the reproaches and sneers of the Tobiahs of the dram shops and their panders, the Sons of Temperance have unwaveringly advanced from victory to victory. Although a mere stripling in years, the Society has already relieved its tens of thousands from the paws of the lion and the bear. From the annual report of the National Division for 1854, made up to the commencement of this year, we find there were in South Carolina fifty Subordinate Divisions of the Sous. The number is not given in the report for 1S55. From the last named report, we learn that the Subordinate Divisions under the jurisdiction of the National Division, extending avi.p tin* Tulin1r? nf t!?r? 1 tiifrwl Nhitf?s. tll(! British Provinccsand England, number three thousand nine hundred and sixty-four?England receiving her charter from the United States. The number of contributing members is upwards of one hundred and fifty thousand?a noble army truly, panoplied for war with the Goliath of iniquity. Why should not this army be estimated by millious? Let your conscieuce, reader, answer for one niau. The tlag of Prohibition already waves in triumph over nine States of this Union. Even our old fashioned sister, North Carolina, is far ahead of our State iu the good cause of Temperance. On the 1st of January 1855, she had 185 Divisions of the Sons of Temperance. With all her bad whiskey it seems slm prefers, that South Carolina shall drink it, sleep out the sleepof the swill, and awake years hence the inheritor of the title of liip Van Winkle of the South, it is the banner of the Sons, which occupies the van in the temperance battlefield. No battle-cry but their? now rings and reverberates through the length and breadth of the land. The demon of intern perauce dreads no liuman foe but their serried ranks. If it be the heart's desire of any man, who looks not. upon this earth as his continuing city, and who has solemnly resolved to show himself a good soldier in the cause of Temperance, as the cause of (?oil ?if lie have determined to gird on his harness, and fight a good light until lie shall be required by his great Captain to put it off, where can he find efficient co-workers?the multitude of tlieni who speak often one to another in counsel, and aid in the time of need, except in the marshaled columns of the 150 thousand of the Sons of Temperance '' Cau any number of men by disunited and desultory efforts drive the destroyerfroni the land Such idle expectation is thesong of the syren luring to destruction. It is written : "Whosoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of Man also confess before the angels of God." Some of ns have heard from the pulpit, that this confession is two-fold : to wit, visible connexion, and practice in the life. The man, who piofcsscs to he a christian is expected to seek and exhibit this visible connexion, and not merely to practice in his closet the obligations of duty. Why should not this prinj ciplc apply to the professors of temperance ? In our view it has direct application. If you regard the language of Isaiah as truth : "Wo unto them that arc mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink which iust.ifv the wicked for reward. and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him"?if it be your duty to abolish, by all the means in your power, the use and evil of strong drink?if you claim the distinction and title of fiicnd of temperance, how do you excuse and exonerate yourself from this visible connexion? this principle of confession ? "I know thy works, said the faithful and true witness to the church of the Laodiceans, that thou art neither cold nor hot: I would thou wert cold or hot. So then, because thou art luke warm, and neither cold nor hot, T will spew thee out of my mouth." Obedience to the injunction of Piul is your duty : "Quit you like men, be strong." It may be you have a reason for avoiding this connexion with the Sons. Is the reason valid? Have you examined the whole ground carefully?prayerfully? In extremely rare instances this may he true. In a multitude of cases we in candor doubt it.? The great majority, we imagine, have engaged in little thought on the matter. Some, we fenr hnvotnkon their selfishness?others their prejudices?and a few, perhaps both to the examination. We hold that the remarks of the pious Wilberforce, respecting the course of skeptics, are in a great degree applicable to many objectors to the society of the Sons of Temperance. "Can the skeptic in general say with truth, that he has either prosecuted an examination into the evidences of revelation at all, or at least with a seriousness and diligence in any degree proportioned to the importance of the subject ? The fact is, and it is a fact which redounds to the honor of Christianity, that inPdelity is not the result of sober inquiry and deliberate preference. It is rather the slow production of a careless and * * * life, operating together with prejudices and erroneous conceptions concerning the nature of the leading doctrines and fundamental tenets of Christianity * * * * a confused sense, for such it is, rather than a formed idea of its being desirable that their doubts should prove well founded, lends them much secret aid * * * AVo.vo//. and tJaaa/ht, and iimnirif had little or nothing to do with it * * i: ft may therefore he laid down as an axiom, that infidelity is in general a disease of the heart more than of the understanding." fcfo far Wilberforce. We call upon tlie objector to examine himself in the light of Tlivine truth, whether his present position in the Temperance Cause he the result of "an examination prosecuted with a jcooV/om.'sji and liifh/ener proportioned to the importance of the subject"?whether that position be "the result of oher inquiry and (Jell1 u rate /iref mire"?or is it "rather the produ -'ion of eare/,.<.< and xef/ish life, operaj ting together with prrjutlicea and rrroin:oii.< I ennerjitioux concerning the nature" of the so* cictv?or is <;a conftisnl sruse rather than a formed idea"?or is it "" disease <>/ the. heart more than of the understanding ?" The responsibility of the examination is w ith i j/nit, and not with us. We leave its settlement between t!od and your conscience. The ingenuity of the human mind can suggest diilieultics in every thing. The Will of Heaven, as revealed to us, is itself not free front them. We are free to admit, that every human institution?and. ours is 110 i more?is in a certain sense, sinful, or in other j words, that every human work is imperfect > But we dare to maintain boldly, that tbe or| ganization of tbc Sons is built upon principles recognized by the apostles and prophets, (not covering, by any pretensions, the whole foundation")?that its cause, in great and | leading objects, is the cause of find?and i that it recognizes no sinful principle or practice, and transgresses no precept or injunction of the Divine Law. However, let us for a while cuino and reason together. It is a plain and undeniable proposition, that the Soeiety is either laudable and ought to be I supported, or sinful and should bo opposed. If it contain the evil which debars you as a professing christian from entrance, we tell you, that as a faithful follower of Christ, you are bound to oppose the S'i cioty openly and fearless'}*. It becomes your duty to sound the trumpet of alarm?to assemble the people, and proclaim its sinfulness from the ' house-tops. By whom will you or your orator be sustained? Of every conceivable 1 shade of character in this community, from ; the most devout to the most debased and vile. on what shade can you calculate for support with the more perfect faith and assurance ? Dare you answer to your Cod'{ Prompt to the call, they conic. \\ hat an assemblage ? i The sight would turn a good man pale. To ' escape from the slabbering embraces of bis i drunken allies, the orator mounts the rostrum. 'My noble and most worthy peers: my order-loving and virtue-sustaining com' panions: my estimable associates in the ! cause of morality and of happy firesides:? | Xo good man ought to have any thing to : do with that atrocious set, the Sons of Tem' pcraneo," proclaims the orator. "Iloo-raw, ! go it, my hearty?true as prwhin;'/," rc' echoes the motley crew. As all earthly scones must have an end, this one too would : end somehow. Can any man deny, that the chief support in opposition to the Sons, for such an occasion, would have to he congregated from the guzzlers of whiskey and their | interested supporters ? This should be a startling fact. The swillers of whiskey sinic, , as the Society rises?theswillers rise, as that j neglected, contemned, betrayed Society sinks. | This is an awful fact. Let the good man | "ponder the path of his feet," and pause in his opposition. .i.s it possible that principle can confound the christian, the moral man, and decent citizen with such clan ? "Be not among wine-bibbers" is a divine command. How comes it that the objector is among them ? Your sentiments and action somehow place you there. Account for the fact, if }*ou can, why you and they should so peculiarly coalesce in sentiment and conduct on this particular subject, and agree most probably on not a single other moral question within the whole range of ethical philosophy. Mistrust the principle and reasoning, which leads you to such aid, counsel, and fellowship. Can you doubt in other cases, when yoff behold (rod and Mammon check by jowl ? "What fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness ? What concord hath Christ with Reliel ?" Are you not persuaded, "ye cannot drink the cup of the Lord, and the cup of devils." The cup of opposition is, by nature, by principle, by taste, and by interest, peculiarly theirs.? Whether from your position you are to be regarded as drinking the dregs of that cup with them, is for you to decide.* In the language of Israel's great lawgiver, we say, "Come thou with us, and we will do thee good : for the Lord has spoken good concerning" us as well as "Israel." We have good spoken by God himself of a total abstinence society, established 900 years before the birth of Christ. Although dwellers in Israel, its members were not of Israel; yet they were prefcred before the house of Israel itself. Jehovah employs their obedient conduct, {obedience. to temperance or rather to total abstinence,) to convict his chosen people of ingratitude and rebellion. The Rechabites hid existed for three hundred years when these words were spoken :?"And I set before the sons of the house of the Rechabites pots full of wiue, and cups; and I said unto them, Brink ye wine. But they said, We will drink no wine: for Jonadab the son ofIlechab. our father, commanded us, saying, Ye shall drink no wine, neither ye nor your sous forever * * And Jeremiah said unto the house of the Rechabites, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Because ye have obeyed the commandment of Jonadab your father, and kept all his precepts, and done according unto all that he hath commanded you ; Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Jonadab the son of Rechab shall not want a man to stand before me "forever." Scott, the commentator, remarks : "It was doubtless well known that they (the llechab; ites) had rules of conduct peculiar to themselves * * * they were never incorporated with the Jews * * * they were worshipers of the true God, though they were not circumcised * * * and it was proper that God should avow his readiness to reward every degree of good, when lie determined to puni ish his apostate people. Accordingly he promised, thai the family of the Rechabites should be very durably continued, and upheld in the practice of piety and righteousness before him, as his accepted worshipers' even when the Jews were cast out ofhissight.', The objector will have to erase from the volume of the Word the doth chapter of Jeremiah, before lie can deny that total abstinence has peculiarly the approving sanction of the Lord of the earth. ' Will you come, and go with us ? The notion, that u man is relieved from this duty which w'e urge, because he is a member jf Christ's visible church, we regard fallacious and unsound, and unsnstaincd by any christian precept or deduction of fair i reason. The benevolent institutions of the ' country, sustained by the Church itself, arc a standing refutation of the position. It is J the philosophy of monies, and of an age en* | vcloped in Cimmerian darkness. Tt vanishI es in the blaze of gospel light. No man can : relieve himself from the obligations of society. The-christian dare not do it. "Love j thy neighbor as thyself"?and "to do good i and to communicate, forget not," are as imperative and binding, as "Love thy God."? To obey one command does not justify a dis: regard of any other equally explicit. In | Christianity there is noplace for the practice of a decent selfishness. Every man is in a measure his "brother's keeper." Absolute inability and want alone would prevent, you I from aiding a liiblo society. Your name, your money, your counsel, your influence, your example, all the means with which you arc entrusted by your Creator would be given in hearty co-operation. "Why not aid by like means to suppress the particular evil and blighting sin of intemperance ? "There is indeed, says Smith, in his Theory of Moral Sentiments, no surer mark of a false and hol! low heart, than a disposition thus to quibble j away the clear injunctions of duty and conJ science." We accuse no one specially of ! such conduct?we feel free however to dej dare the truth as we find it, and would endeavor to excite reflection. lie, who admits ; his obligations to bis fellow-man, and would i restrict the exercise of benevolence to the ! domain of the Church, is forced to approve i and sanction the desecration of the pulpit I and ministerial functions now every where prevalent in the Eastern States of this Union. This is the inevitable result of the principle. It leads the minister and church to the political hustings. It transforms them into stump orators. Civil government should ever he made to conform to the dictates of Christianity. To this every christian assents. When government transgresses, or falls short of this re! quircment, political action is necessary to * " it has pleased God so to establish the constitution of nil things, that perplexing cliflij cultics ami plausible objections may he adduced ; against the most established truths: such, for I instance, as the being of a God, and in a 113' others I both j'lu/xira! and nigral. In all cases, therefore, ! it becomes u-, not on a partial view to reject any ! proposition, because it is attended with difliculj ties; but to compare the difficulties which it ini volves, with those that attend the alternative propj ositioii which must be embraced on its rejection. I We should put to the proof the alternative propj osition in its turn, and tee whether it he not still ! less tenable than that which wo arc summoned to I abandon."?Wilberforce. reform, or bring the government up to the correct standard. No enlightened christian or well-informed temperance man believes, that our State is where she ought to be on the License system, and the Temperance cause. If the use f alcoholic drink be an evil in the State, can the State be justified in its connexion and participation with the evil'! It is its duty to cast down the polluting thirty pieces of silver. It should touch not?taste not?handle not the uuclean thing. Political agitation is necessary to effect a remedy. Must the church and pulpit alone come down from their great work, and meet "in the plain of Ono" to do battle with the political demagogues and bacchanals of the land ? The Church should do its duty in the premises; but let her do it from the sanctuary, and the other high positions with which she is favored. There is need therefore for another and a distinct organization to operate in the capacity of citizens, and fight the political battle. Church members have both rights and duties as citizens. Will you, reader, enlist with us for the war ?or will you rather, when the Sons, like (Gideon,say: "Give, I pray you, loaves of hread unto the people that follow nie; for they be faint," reply, like the princes of Succoth : "Are tho hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thy hands, that we should give bread unto thine army ?" Remember the sequel : "And Gideon took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness, and briars, and with them he taught the men of Succoth, and slew the men of the city." A consideration of duty, having reference to a visible connexion with a temperance organization, which appeals strongly to the christian especially, is that you perhaps are made?it is certainly true of some of you? a stumbling-block to those whose temporal and eternal welfare is, to human view, in greater jeopardy than your own. To the question addressed to many : "Will you join the Sons?"?the reply is often heard: "Mr. A., or B., or C. has not joined you? he belongs to the Church?get. him?it is more his duty than ours." Can any man deny the truth of the answer, as far as it goes ? The truth however is, that the christian's neglect of duty will not justify neglect in any other individual. Each will have to answer for his own neglect. A failure to obtain a recruit is the consequence. The responsibility does not attach to the Sons "Deliver me from blood-guiltiness, 0 God, thou God of my salvation." IT'M . ?1 . .1 1.1 \\ un great similarity to trie case last aii ludcd to, and differing only in degree, the ! use?no matter how prudent?of intoxicating drink by the christian is found to furnish another stumbling-block in the effort of the Sons to mitigate the sin of drunkeni hops, and advance temperance. "Mortify j the flesh, with its affections and lusts," is I the Christian^m-ey//, says Wilbcrforce, but a ; soft luxurious course of habitual indulgence is the practice of the bulk of modern Christians?* * * and it may at least he urged against them, that they discourage the laws of temperance, and fatally betray others into the breach of them, by affording an instance of their being transgressed with impunity." Ts Paul's language forgotten ??"Whcrej fore, if meat make my brother to offend, I ! will eat no flesh while the world standeth, i lest, I make my brother to offend." The j principle here is clear. "Abstain from all i appearance of evil" is a positive injunction. "And ho (Christ) said to tliern all, If any man will come after nie, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow me"?deny himself that dram, and take up that cross or mortification of appetite in abstaining from that dram, "flow readest j thou ?" Relieving that the use of intoxicating ; drink is an appalling evil in our country? j that it should oe suppressed?that it is the duty of every man to aid in its suppression by every means in his power?that organization is more efficient than individual and desultory efforts?that the Sons of Temperance j are now the head and front of opposition to i the demon of Intemperance?that the So; ciety is worthy of the co-operation of the sinj cere christian, the moral man, the good cit | tzcn, and every well-wisher of his country? j that every citizen, who claims the title of j Friend of Temperance should idcutify himself with the organization?that candid inquiry in the proper direction would dispel the mists of error, which now becloud a portion of the public mind in reference to the Society?that uo man is justified in refusing to discharge his lawful duty as a citizen, because he has membership with Christ's j visible Church?that the time is at hand, I even now, when every friend of temperance ; should stand girt with his harness to do batj tie against the destroyer for his God, his J country and his fellow?that there is no need nor permission granted to any effective I and hale soldier to "tarry by the4stuff"? i impressed with the truth of these several j propositions, and "exercising ourselves to have a conscience void of offence toward God and toward men," we have addressed l you freely, frankly, and, we hope, rcspcct; fully; and in conclusion, by author it.y of the | Division we represent, we repeat to you the ! invitation: "Come thou with us, and we will do th?e good." W. C. B FATTY, ^ JAMES JEFFREYS, I Q ELI MEEK, 0 J. H. ADAMS, j * W. W. CAROTIIERS, | ?r .ti ihv n f.vt.nw ? ' Yorkville, July 81st, 1856. A Rf.liel.?The geutlest task-master we ever heard of was a blacksmith, who used to say every evening to his apprentices:? "Come, hoys, let's leave work and go to sawing wood." That blacksmith must be a brother of the farmer down east, who, one season when he was building a new house, used to try to get his hired men out with him to play "dig cellar by moonlight." What is it that causes a cold, cures a cold and pays the doctor 1 A draft. . v.. | Select liltstf(Iaiii). THE FIRST STATE PRISONER. BY ORANT THORBURN. I landed in New York, June, 1784, by trade a rough nailruaker, in the 22d year of luy age. In October following, I went up to the Park to see a man hung, (at that time the Park was out of town, and only 50,000 inhabitants). With ten thousand fools, some bigger and some smaller than myself, we stood watching the vibrations of the rope and the iron hook, during two long hours. Then the sheriff stood on the scaffold and read a reprieve. I confess I was very much disappointed ; I expected to see a hanging, but no hanging was there. The man was Noah Gardner. He kept a large shoe store in New York. He committed forgery, which, at that time, was death by the laws of the United States. The State prison in New York was building at this time; this was the first prison erected in the world for reform, instead of hanging. The Society of Friends were the chief promoters of this humane system. Onaroom in the prisnn Ttro o v\r\rtr vnnrlTT in rnonlro nriminolc TllO VU IV .VVV..TV Friends procured from the governor a commutation from death to the State prison for life. Being a shoemaker by trade, they gave him a stool, lasts and awls, and here commenced the State prison manufactory. Next court, six vagabonds were sent to keep him company ; them he learned to make shoes. I visited the prison three years after this.? In one large room sat three hundred shoemakers. Noah was prevost marshall, walking through the ranks with cane in hand, punishing evil-doers and praising them that did well. Seven years having passed over him, the Friends waited on the governor.? "Friend," said they, "seven years ago you would have hung this man ; now here is a reformed member saved to society " He received an unconditional pardon, and came out. The Friends found him a store on Pearl Street, found him money, endorsed his notes, and gave him their custom. Immediately he was in a thriving way. He joined the Society ot Friends, and said thee and thou with the best of them. He had a wife, and, children arrived at maturity. His journeymen were chiefly men of families, and wrought in-their own houses. One day he gave a man a pair of boots. "Now, friend," says he "thee must bring home these boots on fourth day evening." Says the man, "You shall have them." The boots did not come home till fifth day evening.? Noah was wroth. He gave the man a long lecture on the evils of disappointment and want of punctuality. When he drew up to breathe, themau replied. "Sir, I am a poor man; have a wife aud three children, the youngest only forty-eight hours old. I had to tend to my wife and cook for my children. It was not in my power to fiuish the boots sooner. Noah still continued to magnify the horrors of disappointment. The man grew angry ; his Scotch blood boiled in his veins ; he struck the counter with his fist like a sledge-hammer. 'I know," says he "it's a terrible thing to be disappointed. I remember going to the Park to see you hung, and I never was so disappointed in my life when I saw the reprieve!" Now this was a knock-down argument, as an Irish ma u would say. It was a ease in point, as they say in court; and a fact beyond all controversy, as they say in Cougress. Noah was dumb; lie opened not his mouth, lie gave the man another pair to make, kept liiiu in employment, treated him kiudly, but as the man said lie never heard the word<7o>appoint from his lips thereafter. Noah went on prospering and to prosper. One day he borrowed various sums of money, and obtained a number of endorsements. The hills he changed for gold; the endorsements he got shaved in Wall street. That night he was off for parts unknown, taking with him a dear sister, the wife of a young Friend, to'cheerhirn on the way. This story is true to the letter, and being the first subject of State prison reform, the day dreamers of the present time may settle the question whether hanging or State prison is the surest way of curing a consummate villian. Ilis familvand friends never heard from liirn. Ware rip Mnguzine. Wiio is a Gentleman ??A gentleman is not merely a person acquainted with certain forms and etiquettes of life, easy and self-possessed in society, able to speak and act, and move in the world without awkwardness, and free from habits which are vulgar and in bad taste. A geutleman issomething much beyond this; that which lies at the root of all ease, and refinement and tact, and power of ptensing is the same spirit which lies at the root of every Christain virtue. It is the thoughtful desire of doing in every instance as he would that others should do i unto him. He is constantly thinking not indeed how he may give pleasure to others for the mere sense of pleasing, but how he can show respect for others?how he may avoid hurting their feelings. When he is in society he scrupulously ascertains the position and relation of every one with whom he is brought into contact, that he may give to each his due honor, his proper position.? He studies how he may avoid touching in conversation upon any subject which may needlessly hurt their feelings, how he may abstain from any allusion which may call up a disagreeable or offensive association. A gentleman never alludes to, never even appears conscious of any personal defect, bodilv deformity. inferiority of talent, of rank. J J, J ? , - , of reputation, in the persons in whose society ho is placed. He never assumes any superiority to himself?never ridicules, never sueors, never boasts, never makes a display of his own power, or rank or advantages-'5 such as is implied in ridicule or sarcasm, or abuse?as he never indulges in habits, or tricks, or inclinations which may be offensive to others. . Louisville Journal. - - JE& / T- "TS; \ t 1 HOW MANY MABBY AND LOVE. A young man meets a pretty face in the ball-room, falls in love with it, courts it, marries it, goes to house-keeping with it, and boasts of having a home, and a wife to grace it. The chances are nine to one he has neither. Her pretty face gets to be an old story?or becomes faded, freckled, or fretted?and as the face was all he wanted, and all he paid attention to, all he set hp with, all he bargained for, all he swore to love, houor, and protect, he gets sick of his trade, knows a dozen faces which he likes better, gives up staying at home evenings, consoles' . himself with cigars, oysters and politics, and looks upon his home as a rery indifferent boarding-house. A family of children. 2Tow nn about him : but neither he nor his "face" knows anything about training thfem, so they come up helter skelter; made toys of when babies, dolls when boys and girls, " drudges when young men and women; and so passes year after year, and not one quiet, happy, homely hour is known throughout the whole household. . vAnother young man becomes enamored* of a "fortune." He waits upon it to parties, dances the polka with it, exchanges ** billet doux with it, pops the question to it) gets "yes" from it, takes it to the parson's," weds it, calls it "wife," carries it home, sits up an establishment with it, introduces it to 3* his friends, and says (poor fellow !);that he V too, is married and got a home. And he Bhon *' * finds it out. He's in the wrong box; but it's . > too late to get out of. He might as. itell hope to escape from his coffin. Friends con.; gratulate him, and he has to grin and "bear it. They praise the house, the furniture,'* , the cradle, the new bible, the new babjr~ , and then bid the "furniture" and he who - ^ i husbands it, good morning 1" Asifhe ancT that gilded fortune were falsely declared to' v be one! . Take another case. A young woman smitten with a pair of whiskers. CoflfclK hair never before had such charms.- She' sets her cap for them; they take. - The 4?^ lighted whiskers makes an offer, proffering themselves both in exchange for one heart. The dear Miss is overcome with, magnainimity, closes the bargain, carries home the pnxe, shows it to pa and ma, and calls herself en- * gaged to it, thinks there never was such a pair of whiskers before, and in a few weeks' they are married! Yes, the world calls it so, and we will. What is the-result?, A short honey-moon, and the unludqtitiipoye-, . ry that they are unlike as chalk uuf-cheese, and not to be made one though all the piiests; < in Christendom pronounce them sn> _ 1^'^" Washington's Last Moments.?Gav.j Wise, of Virginia, delivered an oration on the 4th, in which he thus described the "last moments of Washington.: _ ', '.]% "He died as he lived, and what a beauti-,* ful economy there was in his death ! Not a faculty was impaired, not an error marred* j the moral of his life. . At sixty-six, not j quite three score years and ten," he was ta-^ ! ken away, whilst his example was perfect.? He took cold, slighted the symptoms, say- ing 'let it go as it came.' In the morning of the 14th of December, 1799, he felt sc- * vere illness; called in his overseer, Mr. Rawlings, to bleed him. He was agitated, and Washington said to him, 'don't be afraid:' When about to tie up his arm, he said with difficulty, 'more.' After all efforts had faiK ed, he designated the paper he meant for his will, then turned to Tobias Lear, and said, 'I find I am going; my breath cannot continue long. I believed from the first it * would be fatal. Do you arrange my. accounts and settle my books, as you know more about them than any one else, , and let-Mr. ? nwlin finioL rr? *r Afltnw IaH-aIm jLianiiu^o uuicu ittuiuiug UJJ utuci ICVVCIO which he has begun.' Between five and six o'clock he said to his physician, Dr. Craik, 'I feel myself going; you had better not take any more trouble about me, but let me go off quietly, I cannot last long.' Shortly after, again he said, 'Doctor, I die hard; but I am not afraid to go; I believed from my first attack I should not survive ity mybreath cannot last long.' About 10 o'clock** * he made several attempts 'to speak to Mr. Lear, and at last said, 'I am just going.? Have me decently buried, and do - not let my body be put into the vault in less than two days after I am dead.' ' Lear says, 'J bowed assent.' He looked at me again and said, 'do you understand me ?' I replied 'yes, sir.' ''Tis well,' said he. And these were his last words, and 'tis well his-last words were ''tis well.' Just before he.expired he felt his own pulse, his hand fell from his wrist, and George Washington was no more." Tiie First Steamboat.?The Annapolis Republican says: "We have an extraordinary genius in this city, in the person of a colored young man, named Ben, a slave of John T. Hammond, -r~1 1 1 _ 1 1_ _ T _ 1 A 1 1 A A 1_ _ XT. hsq., employed in ine ljaooraiory at me ivaval Academy, who has recently planned and built a"small steamboat, and on 'Wednesday afternoon last made a trial trip, to the great satisfaction of Captain Q-oldsborough and others who witnessed the working of the engine. ITe came into the dock from the Academy, with six passengers, at the rate ofvSeYen miles an hour, much ?b the surprise and delight of a number of citizens, who had assembled there to witness the operations of the first steamboat built in the ancient city. He is an unpretending colored man, and has labored under many disadvantages in endeavoring to accomplish that which he,- has had for several years so much at heart, and he deserves great credit for his perseverance and final success. He is of opinion, that.hf will be able in a short time to make important improvements upon steamboat engines. We wish him success. s JB?*. An old-cynic, at a concert the other . night, read in the programme the title of a song, via: "Oh give mc a cot in the valley I love." Reading it over attentively, the old fellow finally growled?"Well, if I had my choice, J should ask for a bedstead J