Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Scraps ? Jack ji Beware of a silent dog and still water, j Experiments show apple9 to be equal 6 to potatoes to improve hogs, and decidedly | superior for feeding cattle. Timber, when cut in the spring and | . exposed to the weather with the bark on,! deeayi much looaer than if out in the fall. ;; ? They dress eool out West. A young lady being asked if she should wear that ! bonnet to church, replied, she should not | tnear anything else. A partizan paper says, "It is a mis- ; take that the opposing party plays upon a ! harp of a thousand strings. The organ of I t that party is a lyre." * : ( Some one has been giving John P. I1 Kennedy's novel?"Horse Shoe Robinson" ! ?a holiday dressing, having dramatized it j for the Holliday Street Theatre, Baltimore, j t When a man goes three times a day j t to get a dram, 1 wonder if he will not by i c and by go four times. Can anybody an- ri swer ? | s What is the difference between a j c butcher and a gay young lady ? The for- i I mr-r kills to dress, whilst the latter dresses to j? kill. The New York Herald publishes a | table of the population and wealth of the ;, United States in 1855, which puts down the j ( total populoation at 27,114,287, and the to- I, tal wealth 89,625,093,172. <j "Rob, that is a fine horse you have : < there?what is he worth ?" Three hundred s and fifty dollars." "As much as that?" < "Yes every ceut of it." "Are you sure?" < "Yes, I'll swear to it." "AH right."? > "What are you so inquisitive for ?" "Because I'm the Assessor, and want to know the rate to fix the tax on him." ( Boston, May 13, 1856.?Resolutions i iu favor of the admission of Kansas under r the free State constitution, and declaring its 1 speedy admission as a free State a measure 8 of the first importance to the welfare of the f Territory and the tranquility and honor of the United States, were passed to a third x reading in the Senate to-day by a vote of r 26 to 2. c Washington, May 15.?Yesterday * afternoon Secretary Marcy sent for Marcoletta, the representative of the late Nicaraguan government, and as an act of courtesy, informed him of the determination of the administration to receive Padre Vigil as the 11 minister from Nicaragua. Marcoletta com- * plained of it as a violation of the law of God and the law of Dations, entering his solemn protest against the proceeding. There are no less tlyin four Presiden- t( tial Conventions yet to be held?one by the > t; Democrats, at Cincinnati?one by the Black ft Republicans, at Philadelphia?one by the ? Whigs, at Louisville?aud one by the seced- n ing Know Nothings, at New York. Should C1 each of these take up separate candidates, t< there will be no less than five tickets in the Ri field. b< Can Wright, when he keeps an ap- u pointment punctually, be likened to a wellregulated clock because he is Wright to a minute ? Can a watch fitted with a second c hand be called a second-hand watch ? Are the miuute3 relating to an aiFair of honor al- s, ways drawn up by the seconds ? How docs w pig-irou UiUIUSl ilUCV'l il snip HUUU wu^ut IU 01 a violent Sou'-Wester??Punch. fr Do not venture into a sick room if g' you are in a violent perspiration; for the 1,1 moment your body becomes cold, it is in a Cl state likely to absorb the infection; nor visit 0) the sick (if the complaint be of a contagious P' nature) with an empty stomach, nor swallow " your saliva. In attending a sick person, place yourself where the air passes from the ir door or window, to the bed of the iuvalid, 1)1 not between the invalid and the fire, as the heat of the fire will draw the infectious vapor in that direction, and you would run bi much danger from breathing in it. hi An account of the duel between Dr. r,( "Wilkias and J. Flanncr, a commission merchant, of Wilmington, North Carolina, has 0< been given. The Baltimore Sun says : On c( the first fire the ball of the latter cut off part of the Doctor's ear; the second fire put ^ his ball through the Doctor's hat. Nothing m daunted, the latter cooly remarked that his f.' hat was a new one, and desired that it should 11 not be aimed at. The seconds here interposed tl and used their best endeavors to reconcile ' the difficulty but without suceess. The com- i bat was then resumed, when the ill-fated !. Doctor was killed at the first fire. ! p New York, May 16. The George I tl Law has arrived, bringing 800 passengers j 0 and 81,700,000 in gold. A severe accident! ti happened to the George Law's outward pas- j i, sengers, on the Pauama Railroad, by which e 30 persons were killed and over 50 injured. ; v The citizens of Panama had funned a guard j ii for the protection of property, and the Gov- u ernor had placed a force at the disposal of the j t railway. The correspondence betweeu the 1 Governor and Lieut. Bailey, of the St. : Mary's, was sharp, the latter pronouncing I j. the former's explanation to be unsatisfacto- i. , ....... , n ry, and promising himselt to take measures to avert further danger. The War in Oregon continues. A s body of regular troops had been defeated by ; g the Indians on Rogue River, with a loss of i t 28 men killed. A military station had been jj captured by the Indiaus and burnt, and n several persons were massacred. It was o reported that 5000 Indians were approach- e ing Dallas from the north. Several other , fights beside that of Rogue River had taken i * place, in which the whites were generally * victorious. Colonel Buchanan, in a subse- * ijuent encounter with the Iudiaus at Rogue River, had succeeded in overcoming them, o thus relieving the citizens in that vicinity, j t In Washington territory the Indiaus were |1 breaking out upon the settlements in every !{ direction. j1 The Laurensville llerald of the ilth j * reports the following list of emigrants fur | ^ Kansas from that District, who leave on the ; 20th instant, under cuinmaud of Gen. A. C. f Jones, (whose lady will accompany hiinj :? .j Gen. A. C. Jones, John S. Ballantine, H. t M. Morris, J. T. B. McDowell, G. W. Mc- j t Dowell, A. W. Anderson, W. B. Anderson, c G. W. Moore, J. W. Franks, W. T. Camp- d bell, R. W. Hill, Thos. Harris, Evans Nor- c T TIT <"1 -11 T T /"! ? T> n ns, J. vv. vaiuouu, ij. ju. urima, xx. xj. t Mnlone, Thos. Burnett, R. B. Ligon, P. Y. ^ H. Jones, T. T. Berton, B. F. GraydoD, ^ Thos. Lindley, J. Q. Wilbur, J. A. M. Arnold, H. Manly, Pinson, T. league, n J. M. Striplin, Caswell Striplin, G. H. Fair- ^ bain. Mr. Ibzan J. Rice, of Anderson, pro- ? poses to go with the company and defray his own expenses. r %g0ilbi(lc(?ii(|uirfr edited by lAM'L W. MELTON JOHN L. MILLER. . YORKVILLE, S. C. THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 22,1856. COURTS OF EQUITY. It Spartanburg Monday, 2d June. ? talon " 9th..."..." York " 16th. " Lancaster " 23d..."... " Cheater ? Cih July.. DIVINE SERVICE. We are requested to give notice that preaching nay be expected in the Associate Reformed ?hurch, in this place, on to-morrow (Friday) eveling, at the usual hour by Rev. Mr. Bryson. NEW DRUG STORE. Messrs. Thomasson & Jenkins have removed heir Drug Store to the new Lindsay Building, and ire now receiving a full supply of drugs, chcmi:als, fancy goods &c., from the Northern markets, rheir establishment is fitted up in handsome tyle, and is now supplied with an exteusive stock arefully selected by Dr. Jackson, who, besides jeing a regular physician, is an experienced and :oinpetent druggist. Look over at their card. "GRAHAM." Our old favorite, ' Graham's Magazine," has ecently been purchased by Messrs. Watson & ?o., No. 50 South-Third street, Philadelphia, and vill hereafter he conducted under their charge.? The May number, beautifully embellished and fill;d with good, substantial reading, gives us an assurance that it will be kept up in its present lourishing condition. "Graham" hns in its list )f contributors the best talent in the country, and ts pages never fail to make a fair exhibit of it. THE WEATHER. After a long-and severe drouth, unusual for this late in the season, we have recently had abundant ains, and the farming prospects are now begin>ing to look up. Sunday last the rains were very leavy more perhaps, than we have had in iny one day in a twelve-month. We fear the reshly planted bottoms have suffered by it. Barring the wheat crop, which on account of he severe winter and the reoent drouth will not nake an average yield, the prospect for a good rop-year is not discouraging. The Spring has >een very backward and farmers are much behindland; but "a long pull and a strong pull" will yet rork wonders. OUR CORRESPONDENTS. .1 will fin.) mnna fKnn Ann nnfnwfflin. v/ur ICaUCIS nut UUU muic iuuu vuu vmvi MUX g paragraph in tho letter of our correspondent, l. S. W., from Petersburg. We shall expect to eceive others of the same sort. "Juvenal" is absent, this week, and we are conequently deprived of his valued assistance in maing up our melange. We hope no one has failed ) read those racy, pungent, wholesome disquisions of his; for, there's a fund of common sense nd mother-wit in them, which almost any one light turn to profitable account. We are begitiing to notice, here and there, a little impertinent uriosity about "Juvenal's" identity: but it's all ) no purpose. The individual is incognito; and 11 we can say is, have a care how yon slander him ehind his back, for fear, poradventure, you may nluckily find yourself talking to his face. THE GREAT MUSTER. In a conversation with the Governor, while iu olumbia, lie intimated a desire to review the i?o Regiments of our district at the same time, if ich an arrangement could be made to meet the ishos of the several officers. This has been done t other points in the State, where the distance om the farthest point to the Court House is much renter than in our district. We think it a capital lea: and if our friends in the country aredispos1 to bring themselves up to it, let's have a time P it all at once. Iu times of war, as in times of cace, "the more the merrier" is the motto.? fhat say Col. St"rgis, and the 4Gth generally? The Governor will commence the "campaign" i Newberry district, and will not reach York, robablv, until the last of August. OUR MINERAI, RESOURCES. A? far as it can now be accomplished, Mr Lifer has completed the survey of our district, and is proceeded on his route through other sections ; the State. In a private letter to us, enclosing ie communication published in the last number : the Exquirer, he speaks of the mineral resour >3 of our district thus:? "As for the survey, I am almost ready to hope tat other districts will not jirovc to be as rich iu inerals as York; if they do, I shall fiud it imossibleto cover enough ground to make anything kc a fuir showing in my report to the Legislate. A whole corps might bo profitably einploy1 in York alone, for tryenr." In every quarter of the District through which ieber has gone, lie has succeeded in discovertg traces of copper sufficient to give conclusive roof of the abundance of that minerul in our district. It may be years before the enterprise of ur people will be equal to the task of developing iiese valuable mines: but, from the assurances we ave received, we have not u doubt that they will ventually become to us the prolific source of rcalih and prosperity. Those who are fortunate i the possession of these lauds should not perlit the lessons, given them by Mr. Liebeb's vi>it, 0 pa?sunheeded. FOR KANSAS. Promptly answering to their appointment our ttle company of emigrants reported themselves 1 readiuess, Monday evening lust, and, after beiig handsomely entertained, took their departure a Tuesday morning fur their new homes iu Kuuas. Though few iu number they all have the euuiue bluod in them, and they carry with them o their bol der-life hopes as confident as ever were daced in the faithfulness uud courage of a Falsetto boy. As true as steel, should uu occusion ecur to try their mettle, we shall have a gooducount to give of it. May God speed theui! Their names are us follows: Dr. Thomas It. Vhitesides; J. M. Whiteside? ; C. H. Conner; to-s Bird; Isaac D. Dunlnp; Hubert 1*. White; Vui. P. Ardery; 0. G. Stewart. While we tender great praise to the people of ur district for having thus done nobly for Kansas, he occasion emboldens us to hopu that this is but be beginuingof a more earnest eudenvor, aud that he gallant little company who have just now left hoii; homes will be but as the van-guard to the rmy. The work is not all done yet. The State ias promised to send one thousand emigrants ; and dher districts, true to the coutraet, have already ont/ibuted their companies of twenty, thirty and orty men. Shall wo fail to do our whole duty? the men have already volunteered and are anxious o be employed iu the service; and we believe thut he requisite amount of money needs only to be ollected. We have not been fortunate, as in other listricts, in securing an agent to canvass the ountry, and, consequently, a vory large proporion of our citizens, who would promptly aid us, ave not yet Lad the opportunity of contributing heir quota. Then, let the Society not grow weary a well-doing, and let us all to work yet moreearestly! The North is now pouring in its hordes y the hundreds, and we must meet them man for aan. If we fail now, we fail forever 1 The notion is prevalent, we learn, that six months' esidence iu Kansas, prior to anelecticD; is requi >ite to entitle an emigrant to a vote ; and hence, t the impression has become general that it is now i too late to makp further effort. The idea is wholly erroneous. According to the laws prescribed i I for the territory, any one is entitled to a vote upon j I the payment of a tax of one dollar ; and every | I voter who may arrive in Kausns prior to October i i will have a voice in determining the vital question i at issue. MERE-MENTION. ! . After having finished up the remaining chapter of the "Courtship under Difficulties," on the first page, read the article on Southern Parties from our excellent ootemporary, the Edgefield Informer. Besidesbnng a well-written column-full, it gives expression, better thau we can, to the motives which have controlled the course of the Enquirer, and contain? suggestions which ought to have weight, now, with every true-hearted Southron.? We swallow it nil Mr. Herbert, the member of Congress who killed Thomas Keating, one of the waiters at Willnrd's Hotel, has been admitted to bail in the sum of SlU.OOl) The Advertiser chronicles the death of Mrs. Sarah LaBordc, at Edgefield Court House, and says: "She had well nigh counted her four-score years, and had been identified with this community in it? interest and teeiing tor nearly nnir ncentury. ouc ......v friend and a devoted mother. In her death, another link hns heen broken that connected our past with our present. Thus are the old folks going home. Heaven help those who follow, to die, as these do, "the death of the righteous." Dr. Maximilian Labordc, at present a most pstnnnhlc Professor in the South Carolina College, was the eldest son of the deceased." The young men of Spartanburg have set about to organize a uniformed rifle company. This is right; and our own young men should follow the example The Black Republicans are now talking of Judge McLean for President and Fremont for Vice. The same thing; only the cart'9 before the horse?thnt's all Terre Haute, Iudiana, which up to the time of the fusion movement was the banner city against the Democracy, recently gave a majority for the old-line democratic nominee. The slavery question was the issue. Ditto, at Cincinnati, where the Democracy have elected their entire ticket. This, says an exchange, is the common result of elections in the northwest this spting.? Everywhere the same result is achieved. The people of the northwest have put their braud of condemnation upon Niggerisin in all quarters The King of Algiers, the son of France, having been born, it is hinted that hoops will no longer remain in fashion, in Paris. Whoop-ee, what an idea! Our Publisher, Mr. Grist, has just finished up a neat edition of a pamphlet containing the addresses of Gen. Wallace, Col. Wilson and Capt. Jenkins, together with an account of the ceremonies at the Laying of the (jorner-stone 01 tne new uarracKs for the Military School. If possible, get one of them, to he kept as an item of our towu progress worth preserving The last week's Charlotte Democrat says: "The Convention which met on Saturday last, at Lincolnton, nominated Jumes H.White, Esq., of Gaston, as the Democratic candidate for the State Senate, in the district composed of the counties of Catawba, Gaston, and Lincoln. Mr. W. is a popular gentleman, and will make a good Senator." We note among our excliuuges "The Campaign Banner," a urul . and spirited paper just started at Middletcwn, Orange County, New York, with the inotio, "The Uriiou and the Constitution forever." It will do gocd ?ervicc for the Democracy in the Empire State, and we hail it as a fair omen of success in that section The London Court Journal says the new American Minister, Mr. Dallas, follows the precedent of Mr. Buchanan?and which was exacted by President Pierce?of weaving ordinary evening dress while attending the Queen's court Muj. R. F. Simpson, of Anderson, has received the appointment from the Secretary of War of Visitor to West Point, to represent South Carolina at the examination of the Cadets at the Military Academy The correspondent ofthc . Charleston Cjucicr, alluding to Gen. Cass's last effort, speaks of the old hero thus:?"General Cass is a wonderful man for seventy-four. You know he was born in 1702,?in the same year with Mr. Calhoun and Mr. Webster,?and still holds j his place as a leader of the Senate. His language j is fluent, distinct, new, correct, and not wanting in energy and force. Lord Palmerston is only about seventy, and yet his capacity for public affairs is deemed remarkable even in England, 1 where, as we generally, though perhaps erroneously, suppose, the vh vita is longer preserved than it is here." THE HOME CIRCLE. ' The Home Circle, a Magazine published for the Methodist Church South, at Nashville, Tennessee, ' is now a recular and ulways a very welcome visitor 1 to our Sanctum. We find in it mucL to commend; I < the contributions ure all of that pure and elevated j 1 character lefittiog n ladies' Magazine, and in the I 1 editorial department, especially, we can easily do- | 1 tect the tracing- of a chaste, refined and well fin- [ 1 ished pen. Each number is embellished with a tine steel-plate engraving?the number before us, 1 with an exquisitely life-like portrait of Mrs. Ja.ne 1 T. 11. Cro:-s. We can heartily recommend the j 1 ! Home Circle to our lady-readers, and particularly ; to those who belongto its " persuasion." Publish- j | ed by Stevenson and Owen, ut $2 per unuuni in | < advance. Rev. J. W. Kelly is tie Agent. ADMITTED TO PRACTICE. The following gentlemen were, last week, ad-1 mitted to practice in the Courts of Law in this State : Robt. E. Allison, York; Jas. M. Bowden, Spurtanburg; Jas. C. Calhoun, Abbeville: David 1 M. Clarke, Columbia; Jas. A. Dozier, Edgefield: M. A. Moore, Spartanburg; J. Wardlaw Perrin, J Abbeville; A. (J. Salley, Orangeburg; Jas. B. ; Steedmati, Barnwell ; Jos. T. Walsh, Cbarleston: ; I. D. Witherspoon, jr., York. Solicitors in Eqiity:?H. W. Addison, Edge- J field; JeH'erson Choice, Spartanburg; Jas. S. J Cothran, Abbeville: W. Cowper Iuglis, Marion; < J. H. Marshall, Abbeville; Edward McCready, jr., Charleston; E. C. McClure, Chester; D. II. ; Mordei-ai, Charleston; M. 13. Moses, Sumter;' Jus. T. Walsh, Charleston. OUR POETS. The Yorkville Enquirer enumerates Paul 11. ' Huyue, Howard 11. Caldwell and J. Wood David-! son as the vising poetic trio of South Carolina.? Wlrnt has become of Tank's own bard ? And how did you coine to muke that mistake, i brother Enquirer, about the poet Aldrich '! We relied upon your correctness (usually so marked) i ami fell into the same blunder. They tell us it: was not our Barnwell Aldrich at all, atull.?EJye-1 jield Advertiser. Keep your temper, friend Advertiser. That precious bit of iuforinatiou came to us from some j quarter, yau may be sure; but our memory' doesn't ruD in that direction at the present writing, J and we must, accordingly, "own up." Knowing the Aldrich naino and having faith in the poetry that must be in it, we fell into tho blunder just as uaturally as you did. But the Home Journal, wonderfully disturbed about it, is postively certain that the poet inhabits a cage in New York city !? and the Home Journal knows. Well, all we hava to say is, if he wrote "Babie Bell" in that dingy, brick-made, Autumn-looking, sin-corroded prisonhouse of a town, he is a veritable prodigy! Wo should like to have his fame, to interweave it iu ; the chaplet with which our poets will, after a. while, be crowned; and, more than that, we would be pleased to know that such music had been attuned to tbe meter numbers of a genuine coun ry-lifc. It's a blunder, any way you may take j t. Now that the Aldrichhas plumed his flight above the common herd, we think we have a right to linow exactly whence he arose. Albeit ours are the days of "biography-gone-mad," such "parts A a life else untold" would read well. Can the j Home Journal gratify us ? We haven't benrd of "Tank's own Bard," of late; and we fear that the ruthless monster thnt brings on in his train the "sere and yellow leaf," has spirited his muse away. Perhnps the ucw regime of the Lancaster Ledger may tune him up again. We trust so. PROM EUROPE. The steamer Axia which arrived last week with Liverpool dates to the 3d instant, brought no news of special moment. Cotton had declined an |d. on the lower grades, while better qualities were firm. Sales of the week 42,000 hales. Bread~4..<r.. >._.i i j tsiuii:- iiuu uiivaiii;('u. In the British Parliament, Mr. Whiteside's motion censuring the ministry for the fall of Kars was lost by a large majority. Lord Clarendon's letter, in answer to Mr. Marcy's letter of December 28th, had been laid before Parliament. The Daily News says the demand for Crampton's recall is an invitation to the British Cabinet to degrade itself for the nmusement and gratification of the Americau Government. Wonderful! - POLITICAL. Late events, having the most important bearing upon both the foreign and the internal policy of our government, have contributed to place the Administration in a situation of the most perplexing embarrassment, from which it is difficult to perceive how it can readily be relieved without involving the country in a serious struggle. In regard especially to our foreign relations, the problems to be solved are of the most complicated character. The positive refusal of the British Government to consent to the demand for the recall of Mr. Ckampton, and his consequent dismissal by the Presideut; the promulgation of the Knglish proclamation erecting the Bay Islands into a British province, in gross violation of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty; the, issue pointedly and bitterly made in the Senate, between the former Secretary of State, Mr. Clayton and Mr. Cramptox, in reference to the property of the British government in Ruatan; the forcible interference of the vessels of the latter with our commerce in Central America; the duplicity of Great Britain with the Costa Ricnn government; the depredations of the inhabitants of Central America upon the persons and property of our citizens in transit across the isthmus; and last, but not least, the recognition of Padre Vuit, as the Minister from the Walker-Rivasgovernment iu Nicaragua?these are some of the more important matters nt issue, which demand on the part of the Administration prompt and energetic action. Our space will not permit us to do more than to direct attention specially to the poiut last mentioned. In announcing the reception of the Minister, the President sent to the two Houses, on Saturday Inst, a special message containing an elaborate discussion of our relations to the governments of Central America, and a vindication of (lie policy pursued by the Administration in recognizing the new government of Nicaragua. The argument is made clearly and forcibly; and we have no doubt the public sentiment of the country will admit its correctness and heartily applaud the act which it is intended to justify. The sympathy of our people is certainly strongly felt for the democratic cause in Nicaragua. Gen. Walkkh is no loDger regarded as a filibustering adventurer. His success has placed him at the head of in actual government; and his determined and manly attitude in defiance of the native horde which, though foreign interference, has been driven against him, entitle him to our esteem, and, if accessary, to our co-operation. It has come to pass, indeed, that our vital interests in Central America arc made to depend in a great measure ipon his success; and hence the nbsolute necessity, not to soy propriety, of the position taken by Administration. These events serve to demonstrate clearly, and it an earlier day than we had anticipated, the folly of the administration in insisting, with such exreeding pertinacity, upon a strict adherence to die terms of the Clayton Bulwer Treaty; and in this point of view alone, does the recognition of the Nicaraguan minister strike us n? an act of Joubtful propriety. In whatever light they may DC taKcn, lue results wuicu must ioiiow troin mis ict will be found to ccme in conflict with that much-abused convention ; and it will be a difficult tusk for the Administration to vindicate the government from the charge of inconsistency. The British government has again and again refused to adhere to a reasonable construction of the treaty, and cuuuot possibly be made to abide by its ubligations without an appeal to hostilities. Certainly no law, human or divine, can require us to idhcrc to such a one-sided convention. It is time for us to assume a more independent position, to throw aside the weight which our folly and a too keen sense of honor lias imposed, and prepare ourselves for the part which "manifest destiny" calls upon us to enact iu Central America. At this exceedingly important crisis, when a single mis-step may precipitate great evils uponthccountry, it is folly tamely to submit to be bound by the trammels of such one-sided conventions or, indeed, of any laws of neutrality whatever. We subjoin an epitome of the President's Message, and in another coluinii we have copied several paragraphs presenting the points embraced in the Keports of the Cubiuet officers.? Our readers will find in these extracts much iinpoitunt and interesting information. The President says: The narrow Isthmus which connects tLe continents of North and South America, by the facilities it affords for an easy transit between the Atluutic and Pacific Oceuns, has leadered the countries of Central America the objcets of special consideration to all commercial nation", und public iutcregt has been greatly augmented in modern times by reason of the changes in the commercial relations produced by the general use ot steam us a motive power by laud and sou. To us, on account of its geogropbical position. and our political interest as an American .State, the Isthmus is of peculiar importance? just as the Isthmus of Suez is, for corresponding reasons, to the commercial Powers of Europe.? Hut, above all, the importance to tlio United States of securing a free transit across the American Isthmus has become of paramount importance since the settlement of the Territories of Washington and Oregon, and the accession of California. Impelled by these considerations, the United situii.H tnnk stciis nt nn <>nrlv dav to assure suitu hie means for commercial transit, by canal, railway, or otherwise, across the Isthmus. After speaking of the treaty with New Granada, securing the right of transit, nnd the unsuccessful endeavor to obtain from Mexico the right of way at the northern extremity of the Isthmus by way of Tehuantepec, the President alludes to the importance of the narrow point of the Isthmus for transit, and the permanent interest the United States has in the security and protection of projected lines of travel. 11c adverts to the fact that although this Government lias been solicited to extend its protecting power, and avail itself of such advantages as that protection would secure, still it has perpevered in a system of justice and respect for the rights and interests of others as well as our owu in regard to all Central American States. He refers briefly to the possession taken by the British of the harbor of San Juan del Norte, almost immediately after the treaty ofGuadaluupe Hidalgo, and of the effect produced upon Nicaragua by that act. He then adverts to the unsettled condition of the Spanish American Republics, and the solicitude and regret such a state of affairs inspired iu the United States. The violent revolutions and wars with which they have been continually agitated, have made them comparatively powerless, uuable to afford due protection to foreign interests ffithin their territory, or protect their own soil against aggressions, foreign or domestic. The burden of this state of things has consequently been cast upon foreign States associated in close relations of commercial intercourse. In speaking of Mexico, the President shows the fact that Great llritnin and France have both had occasion to reI sort to their military power to enforce the rights of their citizens against the iudcpendeut SpanishAmerican States. He likewise alludes to the fact that although it would be as easy for the Uuited States to absorb new territory from Central America as it is for European States to do this in Asia or Africa, yet we have abstained from it in obedience to considerations of right not less than policy. lie aflirms that lie has never failed to discharge the duties which he owes to himself to his country, and to Foreign Powers, and that he has never failed sternly to exert all the authority in him vested to repress unlawful enterprises because they are in violation of the laws of the laud which the Constitution requires him to faithfully execute, because they are contrary to the policy of this Government, nnd because to Dermit them would lie a departure from a good faith with the American Republics in amity with us. Among the American republics to which modern events have imparted the most prominence, is that of Nicaragua, on account of its transit and otherwise. The President states that in their struggles and troubles, neither being strong enough to overcome the other, one of the parties (Costilliau's) invited the assistance of a small body of citizens of the i United States, whose presence apparently put an I end to the struggle, and restored quiet by placing j at the head of Government a distinguished indi| vidua), by birth a citizen of the Republic?Don j Palicio Rivas?as its Provisional President. The ; message, in allusion to the established policy of the United States in relation to the recognition of foreign ministers, sets forth the following principles : "We recognize all Governments without question as to their source or organization, or the means by which the governing Powers attaiu their powers. I provided there be a Government de facta accepted by the people of the country." j "We do not go behind the fact of n foreign Government exercising the actual power to investigate ijUestions of legitimacy." "We do not inquire into the causes which may I have led to a change of Government. To us it is : indifferent whether a successful revolution has ; been aided by foreign inlcivcution or not: whether insurrection has overthrown the existing Gov: eminent, and another been established in its | place according to preexisting forms, or in a manI ner adapted for the occasion F?y those whom we i may find in actual possession of power." j All these matters arc left to the people, and the public authorities of countries respectively. Du! ring the G7 years-of our existence under the presj cut Constitution, we have had occasion to rccog| nise Governments ilc facto founded either by do! mcstic revolution or by military invasion from ! abroad, in many of the Governments of Europe. The principle is vastly more important as applica lde to the Central American States, where revolu tions nro constantly occurring. Therefore, when [ the Minister from Nicaragua presented himseli ' some months since, bearing the commission oi ! President Rivas, if the facts which are now preI scnted had existed, he must have been rece | satisfactory evidence appearing that he represents the Government dc facto and?so far as such exists j ?tluJGovcrnment tie jure, of tliat Republic, j The President adds other considerations of inj terest to this country to enforce the propriety ol ; this reception. The message states that a special commissioner j lias heen despatched to Panama to investigate the facts of the late occurrence in that quarter, and suggests that other measures for the security of | transit must be resorted to, and that if the pres: ent constitutional power of the President is not | sufficient he will communicate to Congress such j recommendation as the exigency of the case may j indicate. "MARYS VERSUS MARIES." j The following reply of Mr. C.ai.dwf.ll to one ot ; our random interrogatories, we take from the CoI lumbia Examiner:? ! Mr. Editor: In the last number of the "Yorki ville Enquirer" the editors, after paying a very j pretty compliment to my last poem, ("A Dream of Maries,") ask "why not Marys ?" To this I will answer briefly. In the first place, because this formation of the plural follows the analogy of the langunge. Nan.es ending ;/ form i\\o first exception to the rule in our grammars that "the plural is formed by adding i ores to the singular," ?the example for the exception being city, cities. Besides this, the few authorities which I had consulted were in tavor of this orthography, which I regarded as unquestionable until the notice of the "Enquirer" appeared. Encyclopaedia Americana, Vol. viii, p. 314.? "Sacred history mentions several Maries," &c. Patrick & Lowth's Commentary, (in the Index,) "three Maries annointcd Christ," &c. Lastly, in the "Golden Legend" of Longfellow, I remember two lines which run thus: It will do for the face of some beautiful saint Or for one of the Maries I shall paint."?(p. 178.) Yours, &c., II. II. C. Our friend has made quite a plausible, and, withal, a very good naturcd nrgumeut; so much so, indeed, that we are really loath to interfere with it. But we have a fancy for a tilt at some one, now and then: and, besides, we own to a liking for that word, Mary, which prompts us to cry out against the sort of Vandalism which would rob it of any the least moiety of its time-honored integrity. If our "readers deem it a matter of slight importance, however, they will quietly pass on to the next article. Now, in the first place, we must lay down the proposition, that proper names do not follow (lit maloyy of the language. If an individual happens to be named Wolf, it does not follow that his family aro Ho/tv?, merely because the analogy requires that words ending thus should make the plural in ve*. Such an idea is absolutely savoge! Here we might come to a pause; but we are not incline to. Take the analogy for it's worth. Grammarians i tell us that the word city, and others of its class, was originally written citie; and it is a remarkable phenomenon in the processes of change which our language hns undergone, that, while in the singular form the iV has been discarded and y substituted, the plural has invariably retained the old form and added the .? ufter the usual manner.? Cities is not analogically the plural of city, but ol citie. This furnishes the rationale of the exception upon which our friend depends for his orthography, and accounts satisfactorily for the anomnly. Now, if he will adhere to the rule, we musl require proof that, in the old-time English, the word Mary had the form Marie; and we remnrl ! that it must be sought after somewhere else thar in the good old English Bible. We have great respect for the learned author o the Encyolopa.'dia ; but we must venture the opin ion that, when that work was penned, his acquaint I ance with our mother-tongue was somewhat limi | ted. Nor enn we pin our faith to that huge, ''big j Indian" of a poet, whose brain has been for year; | so much bedizzeued with the intricacies of savag< | nomenclature that it will be long before the fellou cau, with unquestionable certainty, spell his owi 'name properly! Instead of trusting to the au J thority of writers who mention the name nierelj j incidentally, we prefer to look for the correct or | thography on the title-page. Robert Philip, : j respectable author of the last century, publishei a work entitled, "The Marys." Our writers, ir ortler, perhaps, to steer clear of the breakers up on which our vcuturesomc friend has wrecked him self, have been exceedingly chary of the plura form of this word ; so much so, that it is difficul to find any authority more reliable than the on( ? !.??? -wl.l j nc Iimt UM'<U\,I.U. After all, we susppcct it must lie decreed to b( a matter of taste; and there, too, w.c have the vie tory. Those four letters, M-a-r-y, have a charm a character, a "unit-integrity" about them, whicl will win for us a unanimous vote. Not a heart ii the Anglo-Saxon world that does not throb mor gently, mildly, softly, in response to the toues the; make. It is a household word?enshrined amonj the sacred names which belong to the Christianthe first and best of those that make up our owi and Liberty's heritage; the name that can brinj the smile of joy or the tear of sadness to ever; group that gathers around the fire-side at home Then, woodman, spare it; "touch not a singl bough." "While we've a hand to save, Tby axe shall harm it not." PATENT MEDICINES. Wo hftvo more than once bad occasion to assure our renders of the intention, formed in the beginning of our enterprise, to exclude patent medicine ; advertisements from the columns of the ENyriRF.R. j It is always the case that the pill-venders who j perambulate the country expect to use the colI umns of the country press at merely nominal prices, and it is really amusing now and then to receive a visit from one of them, bearing with him the pitiful price with which country papers are usually bought up. It gives us a savage delight to show such Yankee cattle the dimensions of our sanctum-door : aud we shall certainly continue to do so, while they hold up inducements so far below these we are accustomed to receive at the hands of our home-patrons. To put a full tax upon local advertisers and at the same time to bargain with Yankee poison-venders at a miserable price, are not only acts of sheer injustice, but of positive disgrace to the press; and we earnestly trust that the day will soon come when our brethren of the press will disdain to sell themselves to such base uses. But we have another and a stronger reason for excluding this species of advertising from our columns. It will be found in the following sensible article from the pen of Dr. Boatwrioht, of Columbia. We have extracted it from the Carolina Times:? Gentlemen:?The propensity which many persons exhibit to treat their own diseases by the use of Patent Medicines, is truly lamentable. The press, from one end of the Union to the other, (with few exceptions,) is filled- with glowing accounts of wonderful cures.''And the tniud, enfeebled by disease, in apt to grasp after any remedy that offers a prospect of relief. Patent medicines arc concealed behind the veil of mystery; and mystery is the very soul of quackery. Withdraw the impenetrable veil which covers the means eraployed, and the confidence of the patient is lost. Atone period, a great prejudice existed against the use of calomel and other mineral substances. Crafty charlatans and patent medicine men availed themselves of this delusion, and encouraged the belief by all sorts of abuse of mineral sub. stances and the dangers that would result from their use &c. The consequence is, that all kinds of vile and nasty compounds that have been vended for the last thirty years, have, as their greatest recommendation, the assurance that they are composed entirely of vegetable substances. If the community would take the trouble to seek the advice of their family physician, he will tell them that he uses comparatively but a few of the mineral substances in his practice; the most of the remedies he resorts to are found in the vegetable kingdom, which, indeed, as a class of med1 icines. are much more powerful and poisonous [ than the mineral, when injudiciously prescribed. The patent medicines are manufactured by wholesale; they are made by machinery; a hetegeneous compound is thrown into a mill, and out 1 pours the pills by dozens and scores; and how 1 little reliance can he placed in the quantity or in the ingredients of ench pill! The pills invariably ^ are manufactured in the North; and our market is glutted, and our stomachs are ci'ammed, to fill the pockets of some crafty impostor, who laughs ' at our credulity, if not our ignorance, whilst he ! grows wealthy at our expense. It is time that our [ community should be awake to the horrible imposition daily practised upon them. How different with the judicious and honorable practitioner, (of whom our city affords many skilled in professional lore, and who would not stoop to ' do an act that would impose upon the communi | ty.) He always selects the medicines he wishes to administer to a patient, with due reference to the effect he desires to produce, and the constitutional peculiarities of his patient; and, whether he takes them from the metals and their salts, or from the herbal riches of nature, will always proportion his doses to the sex, age and condition of the sick, the season, the climate, and nature of the disease, and thus render all the productions and powers of nature subservient to the great purposes of medication, the removal of disease and preservaion of health, John H. Boatwright, Druggist. CENTRAL AMERICAN AFFAIRS. The following epitome embraces the main points presented in the Reports of the several Cabinet Officers, accompanying the President's Message on Central American affairs. Those from the Attorney General comprise instructions to prevent the fitting out of expeditions, military or naval, for invading the territory of any foreigu Powers. The report of the Navy embraces various orders to the Commodore of the Susquehanna, Potomac, Fulton, anJ St. Marys. To Commodore Paulding the Secretary incloses a copy of the statement of Capt. Tinklepaugb, of the Orizaba, saying that it presents a case which makes it manifest that our flag be shown at San Junn de Nicaragua. In consideration of these circumstances, he is directed to proceed there with the frigate Potomac, and in distributing the vessels of the home squadron, the Secretary gave particular instructions to touch at Pannmn, Aspinwal) and San Juan as often as consistent with a due regard to the interests of our country in those pnrts ; the sloop St. Marys to ' remain at Panama as long as she is needed. The documents contain full particulars of the outrages at Panama. Senor Molina, the Costa Rican Minister, in a letter to Mr. Marcy, April 8, 1855, speaks of fillibustering powers as always hostile to that republic, and states in candor that the lawless conduct of this class is the sole cause which compelled Costa ' Rica to undertake the war in which she is now engaged, and imposed sacrifices which she protests ! she will reclaim from whoever may be responsible for the same. Mr. Marcy replies, April 25th, to what.Mr. Moi liuacalls 'the lawless conduct of the United States,' saying it reflects on the good faith of our country to regard its neutral relations not only witti L'osta ( Rica, but with each Ceutrnl American State.? That charge could not be lightly made, and was ( presented without adequate proof to sustain it.? After arguing in favor of the right of explanation, * Mr. Marcy says, respect for Costa Rica and for Molina himself requires that his language shall j be so interpreted that it shall not imply the charge of connivance on the part of this government at a ! violation of the neutrality Inws. May 2, Mr. Marcy sends Mr. Molina papers | detailing the shocking barbarity and slaughter of non-combatants by Costa Ricans, and says that the President is willing to believe that Costa Rica f will promptly condemn the perpetrators of the in human outrage, and inflict on them exemplary . | punishment, as Costa Rica had departed from the | laws of war. He calls attention to the transac' i tion? at Virgin Bay, and for such proceedings on t | the part of Costa Rica as the nature of the case > j demands. May C, Mr. Molina tells Mr. Marcy he has in L j formed his govcrment of these transactions, and 1 ; that it will doubtless reply in a satisfactory manner. He continues : Costa Rica will not authori izeacts to tarnish her good name, as she profes' ses to have as much horror as the Uuited States i for shedding the blood of innocent people, and . j that if it should be proved that such persons had _ ; suffered, she would without the least doubt bring " j the guilty party to trial, in order that they might " j be punished as they deserve. 3 j Seuor Molina says this war is not between , ; Costa Rica and Nicaragua, but between the j united people of the two States?or rather of ; Central America?against a band of unauthori | ized adventurers, who are impoverishing and . | pressing the inhabitants of Nicaragua, and who f j are threatening to impose the same yoke upon : ilie real 01 i^enirtu Aincnca. ^usta nu;* uuuuui " accord the rights of war to a band of men answersi ble to penal laws, which certainly are not more j severe in those States thau in other States of the civilized world. Senor Molina hopes our Gov1 eminent will suspend its opinion until an inves tigation be made into the events at Virgin Bay, . aud that it will not be too severe with regard j to Costa ltica. She is defending her most sacred rights against those who have outrag1 cd aud attacked her merely because she is s weak. Senor Don Augusta Vijil writes to Mr. Marcy, I May 14, snying that the unhappy state of the s J country in which lie was born, and the desire of - ! exerting his best efforts to relieve if. has led him | to leave his native shores to represent its interests ; in the capital of this blessed Republic. He then 1 proceeds to place the affairs of Nicaragua in such l I a light as to induce Mr. Marcy to view itscircume ! stauccs in their true light, concluding with exI pressing the hope thnt the Government of the f I United States will be a friend to Nicaraguan peace, ? j prosperity and happiness. - ! Next follows a letter from President Rivas, a i dated April 17, addressed to the President, of the ! United States as "great and good friend." He ? I says he is desirous of cultivating friendly relay j tions, and has thought fit to accredit Padre Vijil . | as minister to the United States, a reliable perI son, on account of his knowledge of public af1 fairs and his patriotic feelings, to the end with that character he may enter into treaties of alliance. He asks this Government to treat him kindly. from kansas. Since the unfortunate difficulty at Lawrence, which resulted so disastrously to Sheriff Jones, the inhabitants of Kansas, of both parties, appear to he in the midst of the most intense excitement. Stirring events are daily occurring. In accordance with the charge of Judge Lecompte, indictments for high treason have been made out ngaiust all the bogus State officers and members of the Legislature, many of whom, taking time by the forelock, have left the "settlement." Covemor Robinson, on his way hence, was forcibly detained at Lexington, Mo., by the citizens, and has since been placed under arrest by order of Gov. Shannon. Gov. Reedor, Lane, and others have not yet been caught. News was brought to Lawrence by Missourians that secret hand-bills wcro A circulating and that forces were marshalling on the border counties. The people are warned to prepare for defence: so the ccmbnt deepens.? President PmncK, after rending the dispatches containing this news, is reported to have exclaimed to gentlemen present at the White House: "If there is to be armed rerietance to the hint of the country, anil the constitutional rights of the South, it might as well occur at this time, anil in Kansas, ?? " T.ft. it eoine. snv we. Several of our State exchangee of last week contain letters from the Palmetto boys, who have reacheil the scene of action. They are all full of interest, and but for want of space we rculd publish them in fxtrn*o. We have room but for the following from Mr. Hbbbkbt, the leader of the Fairfield company. It is dated April 27 Dear Gaillard: I write amidst the greatest confusion on a crowded boat, for Leavenworth City. We left St. Louis yesterday evening, and will arrive at Leavenworth on Tuesday. Had we taken deck passage on the steamboats i we might have saved a great deal; but I assure j you that it would have been at the risk of our f I lives had we done so. A Every boat has been literally crowded; and when < I saw the decks crowded with negroes and many * whites a great deal worse and destitute than tho blacks, it made uic feel that we would be degraded to place ourselves upon an equal footing with such as I have seen on the decks. Another consideration was that they would rob a man of two coppers placed upon a dead friend's eyes. On the boat from New Orleans to St. Louis there were not less than ten robberries committed. They succeeded in catching one rascal, who was dealt with iu quite a summary way. The captain of the boat had him tied and laid across a coil of rope, and gave him about thirty not lightly laid on, with an inch rope doubled ; after which the gentleman was put ashore. Our boat is crowded with emigrants from all sections. There are as many abolitionists as pro-slavery men on board, and from all the information I can gain, we are rapidly falling in the minority in Kausas. South Carolina must move and do it at once, or I very much fear our chance is gloomy; however, my motto is, "Never give up the ship," and as long as dogged preservance will effect auything for our cause, you may bo assured that I and all with me will be found at our posts. Yesterday at St. Louis we heard of the shooting of Jones, the sheriff, by the abolitionists at Lawrence. I would not be surprised if we lauded at a time to be needed. We bare followed in Colonel Bnford's wake from Montgomery?I think he had 360 men with him. - | There are a great many going from the South on their own hook (as the saying is) but it will be of little avail, unless the South moves en masse. From all the indications, I very much fear that the South will be divided in the Presidential election. I hear a great deal said in favor of Mr. Fillmore and Buchanan, but of Mr. PieTce nothing is said, which makes me apprehensive that he will fail to receive the nomination. I do hope South Carolina will be represented in the Cincinnati Convention, and if we can't get Mr. Pierce, let us combine with our Southern friends and secure some good man's nomination who would be acceptable to all parties at the South. Yours, very respectfully, W. W. HERBERT. CORRESPONDENCE OP THE ENQUIRER. Petebsbuhg, Va., 14th May 1856. To the Editors of the Enquirer : As I have a leisure hour tbis morning, Messrs. Editors, I have concluded to amuse myself, and if possible entertain you and your readers, by sketching the route over which we have travelled from Yorkville to this place. Travelling by Railroad one catches but a birds-eye view of men and things, and seldom meets with an incident of suf- { ficient importance to have a place in the journal. Especially while in transitu, therefore, you must expect me to be dull and prosy. As is always the case, we had a pleasant ride on your model road, aud were much indebted to the pclite attentions of your model Conductor.? Along the route as far as Raleigh, I was proud to hear of the King's Mountain Railroad frequently, and always in the most flattering terms. It is becoming a sort of curiosity; in fact, it is an anomalv which strangers are entirelv at a loss to ac ?? w # ? count for. In answer to the numerous questions they plied me with, I could only say that the peculiarities in the concern were the result, as far as I knew, solely of the good management of the officers, and, perhaps, the regard they have for the Sabhatb. In Chester, we found pleasant quarters at Nicholson's Hotel, where we remained over four hours in waiting upon the Charlotte train. In the meantime, I visited our friend Carroll's new establishment, and was pleased to find it in such admirable trim. These two Hotels are models of their kind, ana deserve to be handsomely patronised. I do I not believe there are better tables kept in the upcountry. Atone o'clock we left for Charlotte, or, ? rather, for Smiths', four miles from Charlotte, where we were met by the carriage of our friend Col. Wm. Grier, and conveyed to his residence, La Grange, a beautiful place within the limits of the Steel Creek Congregation. We consumed a day there very pleasantly ; not the least pleasant portion of which I spent in looking over the Col's premises, and admiring the abundant appliances of good living with which he has possessed himself ?a fine orchard, with at least one thousand apple- j trees of every variety, as well as other kinds of j fruit?a lot of stock of which any farmer might be proud?the finest crop of oats I have ever seen South?in fact, everything that can be made convenient. The Colonel interested me much by a detail of his modes of culture, and, in a word, made our visit so agreeable that we parted with him and his excellent family, next evening, with real regret. Having spent the night in Charlotte, at Young's J Hotel, we left next morning on the Central Rail- , road, for Raleigh, a distance of 180 miles. You will perhaps be surprised to bear it, but it is nev-. * ertheless true, that the section of country from Charlotte to Raleigh is the finest I have ever seen. Many portions are very fertile, and all bear the indications of good cultivation and copious plenty. What with the flourishing towns and villages along the road, the beautiful farms and handsome residences here and there, the traveller finds much with which to be pleased, and much to convince him that after all "old Rip" is not so fast asleep * as is generally supposed. It is said that the land along a railroad route is always the poorest in the range; if this be so, central North Carolina must be among the most desirable sections of country in the world. Having dined at Haw River, we ai rived in Raleigh at five o'clock in the evening, and took up our quarters at the excellent hotel of Col. Yarborough. This is really a first-rate house, and I must go out of my way to give it a full recommendation. The Col. himself is the very soul of accommodation, and his good lady does the honors of the table with a grace which of itself gives the best assurance a traveller can ask. We remained J in Raleigh over the Sabbath, and made the best of 1 our time in hearing good sermons?two by Rev. Mr. Atkinson, brother to the Bishop (but an Oldschool Presbyterian) and one in the evening at the o \