Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, December 20, 1855, Image 1
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sabtl^w'melton, }proprietoi-s. An Independent Journal: For the Promotion of the Political. Social, Agricutural and Commercial Interests of the South. jlewism.grist,pubimer.
VOL- 1- YORKVILLB, S. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER SO, 1855. JSTO. 50.
Cljoicc |3octn).
BILLY DALE?A PARODY.
'Twas a clear coM night
When the stars shone bright,
And the snow covered hill and vale,
When two or three young lads
Who were out on a spree.
Went to see old Billy Dale.
Old Billy, queer Billy, droll Billy Dale ;
Now the white hairs blossom
On the time honored head
Of the queer old Billy Dale!
They frolicked and danced,
As the night advanced,
Till mrivn m<iilo tlin rlnvt nicrlit nnlo
Still light in the middle
Of the room, with the fiddle,
Sat the jolly old Billy Dale,
Old Billy, &c.
Old Billy could sing
Like a bird in the Spring,
Or could tella first-rate talc ;
And if anything went wrong,
It would not be long,
'Till turned right by old Billy Dale,
Old Billy, &c.
Xow the heart of Billy
Hat, never grown chilly,
Tho' his voice is beginning to fail:
And if you want a song,
You need not wait long.
If you call on old Dillv Dale,
Old Billy, Sc.
May his snow-white head
Ne'er rest with the dead ;
But should this prayer ever fail,
May the angels above,
In ecstacy of love,
Shout "here comes Billy Dale."
Old Billy, queer Billy, droll Billy Dale :
Xow the white hairs blossom
On the.time honored head.
Of the queer old Billy Dale !
%\\ interesting Jlton).!
DEAF SMITH, j
THE CELEBRATED TEXAN* SPY.
About two yeilrs after the revolution, a difficulty
occurred between the new government
and a portion of the people, which threatened
the most serious consequences?even the blood- j
shed and horrors of civil war. Briefly the j
case was this:
The constitution had fixed the city of Aus- j
tin the permanent capital where the public j
archives were to be kept, with a reservation,
however, of a power in the President to order !
their temporary removal in case of danger from !
the inroads of a foreign cmeny, or the force of ;
a suddeu insurrection.
Conceiving that the exceptional emergency
had arrived, as the Camanches frequently committed
ravages within sight of the capital itself,
Houston, who then resided at Washington, on |
the Brazos, dispatched an order commanding
his subordinate functionaries to send the State
records to the latter place, which he declared j
to be, pro tempore, the seat of Government.
It is impossible to describe jhe stormy ex- :
citement which the promulgation of that jiut !
raised in Austin. The keepers of hotels, j
* v * ?Ll ? I 1 i
Doaraing-nouses, groceries, anu iaro-uuii&s,
were thunderstruck, maddened to phrensy; for
the measure would be a death-blow to their
business; and accordingly they determined at
once to take the step to advert the danger by
opposing the execution of Houston's mandate.
They called a mass meeting of the citizens and
farmers of the circumjacent couutry, who were
all more or less interested in the!question; and
after many fiery speeches against the asserted
tyranny of the administration, It was unanimously
resolved to prevent the removal of the
archives by open and armed resistance. To
that end they organized a company of four
hundred men, one moiety of whom, relieving
the other at regular periods of duty, should
keep constant guard around the state-house 1
until the peril passed by. The commander of
this force was one Colonel Morton, who had
achieved considerable renown in the war of independence,
and had still more recently displayed
desperate bravery in two desperate duels,
in both of which he had cut his antagonist
nearly to pieces with a bowic-kuife. Indeed,
from the notoriety of his character for revenge,
as well as well as courage, it was thought that
President Houston would renounce his purpose
touching the archives, as soon as he should
learn who was the leader of the opposition.
Morton, on his part, whose vanity equalled
his personal prowess, encouraged and justified
the prevailing opinion by his boastful threats.
He swore that if the President did succeed in
removing the records by the march of an overpowering
force, he would then Ijiunt him down
like a wolf, and shoot him downi without ceremony,
or stab him in his bed, or waylay him
in his walks of recreation. He even wrote the
hero of San Jacinto to that effect The latter
replied in a note of laconic brevityf
? i- - jJ -.1 J
"If tbc people or Austin aq not seuu wc
archives, I will certainly come and take them;
and if Colonel Morton can kill me, he is welcome
to my ear-cap."
On the reception of this ansv er, the guard
was doubled around the state-house. Chosen
sentinels were stationed along t le road leading
to the capital, the military paraded the
streets from morning till night, and a select
caucus held perraauent session in the city. In
short, everything betokened a coming tempest.
One day, while matters were in this precarious
condition, the caucus at the < ity-hall were
surprised by the sudden appearance of astran
?1 Aiitnrinrr TT!iC as PTtTflfir.
ger, wuuse uiuuc ui tuivuug ?
diuary as his dress. He did not knock at the
closed door?he did not seek admission there
at all; but climbed unseen a snial bushy-topped
live oak, which grew beside the wall when
he leaped, without sound or warning, through
a lofty window. He was clothe< altogether
with buckskin, carried a loug anc very heavy
rifle in his hand, wore at the buttt n of his suspender,
a large bowie-knife, and ia his leathern
belt a pair of pistols, half the length of
his gun. He was tall, straight as an arrow,
active as a panther in his motion, with dark
oomplexion, and luxuriant hair, vith a severe
iron-like countenance, that seenied never to |
have known a smile, and eyes of ii tense, vivid j
black, wild and rolling, and pier jing as the
point of a dagger. His strange a< vent inspir-1
ed a thrill of involuntary fear, and many present
unconsciously grasped the handles of their
side arms. 'Who are you, that thus presumes
to intrude among gentlemen, without invitation?'
demanded Colonel Morton, ferociously
essaying to cow down the stranger with his
eye.
The latter returned his stare with compound
interest, and laid his long, bony liDger on his
lip, as a sign?but of what, the spectators
could not imagine.
'Who are you? Speak! or I cut an answer
out of your heart!' shouted Morton almost distracted
with rage by the cool, sneering gaze of
the other, who now removed his finger from
his lip, and laid it on the hilt of his monstrous
kuife.
The fiery Colonel then drew his dagger, and
was in the act of advancing upon the stranger,
when several caught him and held him back
remonstrating:
'Let him alone, Morton, for God's sake.?
Do you not perceive that he is crazy ?'
At that moment Judge Webb, a man of
shrewd intellect and courteous manners, stepnnrl
furwnrrl nnrl infrnrlpr in ?i
t ~...? ~
most respectful manner:
"My good friend, I presume you have made
a mistake in the house. This is a private
meeting, where none but members are admitted."
The stranger did not appear to comprehend j
the words, but he could not fail to understand
the mild and deprecatory manner. Ilis rig- j1
ged features relaxed, and moving to a table in j
the centre of the hall, where there were materials
and implements for writing, he seized a '
pen and traced one line: ' ! am deaf.'' He 1
theu held it up before the spectators, as a sort
of natural apology for his own want of politeness.
Judge "Webb took the paper, and wrote a .
<juestion : Dear sir, will you be so obliging as 1
to inform us what is your busiuess with the !:
present meeting ?" |'
The other responded by delivering a letter 1
inscribed on the back. <*To the citizens of !
Austin." They broke the seal and read it
aloud. It was from Houston, and showed the
usual terse brevity of his style :
o~/V//o)c Ctit'y ns:?Though in error, and !'
deceived by arts of traitors, I will give you ;
Miiv.n dovc mnro to iliu-iilo wViotVior von enrrt-n. '
(lor the public archives. At the end of that *
time you will please let me know your dee-is- ;
ion. Sam Houston." :
After the reading, the deaf man waited a '
few seconds, as if for a reply; then turned and (
was about to leave the hall; when Colonel Mor- !
ton interposed, and sternly beckoned him baek 1
to the table. The stranger obeyed and Mor- '
ton wrote: ''You were brave enough to insult ( 1
me by your tbrcateninglooks ten minutes ngo; 1
are you brave enough to give me satisfac- J
tion?" ~
The stranger penned bis reply, "I am at \
your service!" !'
Morton wrote again ; "Who will be your se- '
coud?" (
' The stranger rejoined : "I am too gener- (
ous to seek an advantage, and too brave to fear 1
any on the part of others; therefore I never '
need the aid of a second." r
Colonel Morton penned; "Name your terms." j']
The stranger traced without a moment's hesi- 1
tation: "Time, sunset this evening] place, j1
the left bank of the Colorado, opposite) Austin; jj
weapons, rifles; and distance oneyliundredC *
yards. Do not fail to be in timc^ \ <
He then took three steps/acro?^4be"ffoor, , J
J J.' J *1 U j/rr. ?o v,ori i i
stuu uisappeitrtru iiiruugu mciniuuiin 00 I
entered. \ I 6
"What!" exclaimed Judgry Webb, "is it 1
possible, Col. Morton, that you intend to fight
that man ? He is a mute, if not a positive
mauiac. Such a meeting, I fear, will sadly taruish
the lustre of your laurels." (
"You are mistaken," replied Morton with a ,
smile; "that mute is a hero whose fame stands (
iu the records of a dozen battles, and at least t
as many bloody duels. Besides he is the fa- (
vorite emissary and bosom friend of Houston.
If I have the gocd fortune to kill him, I think j
it will tempt the President to retract his vow. j
"You know the man, then. Who is he ?"
"Deaf Smith," answered Morton, cooly. (
"Why no ; that cannot be. Deaf Smith j
was slain at San Jacinto," remarked Judge i
Webb.
"There again your Honor is misaken," said .
Morton. "The story of Smith's death was a ]
mere fiction, got up by Houston, to save his
favorite from the vengeance of certain Texaus <
in whose conduct he had acted as a spy. I
fathomed the artifice twelve months since."
"If what you say, be true, you are a mad
man yourself!" exclaimed Webb. Deaf Smith .
was never known to miss his mark. He has
often brought down ravens in their rapid flight, j
and killed Camanches and Mexicans at a distance
of two hundred and fifty yards!"
"Say no moro," answered Colonel Morton, ,
in tones of deep determination, "the thing is
nlronrtv T have agreed to meet him. ,
"" -"J o
There can be no disgrace in failliug before
such a shot, and if I succeed, my triumph will ,
confer the greater glory."
Such was the general habit of thought and
feeling prevalent throughout Texas at that period.
Towards evening a vast crowd assembled at
the place appointed to witness the hostile meeting,
and so great was the popular reeklessness
as to affairs of the sort, that numerous and considerable
sums were wagered on the result.?
At length the red orb of the summer touched
the turvid rim of the western horizon, covering
it all with crimson and gold, and filling
- * iL.
the air with a flood of burning giory; anu iue
two mortal antagonists, armed with long ponderous
rifles, took their station, back to back,
and at a preconcerted signal?the wavering of
a handkerchief?walked slowly and steadily
in opposite directions, counting their steps,
until each had measured fifty. They both completed
the given number about the same instant
then they wheeled, each to aim and fire when
they chooecd. As the distance was great, both
paused for some seconds?long enough for the
beholders to flash their eyes from one to another,
and mark the striking difference between
them. The face of Col. Morton was calm and
smiling, but the smile it bore had a most mur
derous meaning. On the contrary, the coun ico
tenarce of Deaf Smith was stern and passionate th<
as ever. A side view of his features might cm
have been mistaken for a profile done in cast in
iron. The one, too, was dressed in the richest "a
cloth, the other in smoke-tinted leather. But ex
that made no difference in Texas then; for the da
heirs of heroic courage were all considered me
peers?the class of inferiors embraced none but fro
cowards. - sir
Presently two rifles exploded with simultane- me
ous roars. Colonel Mortoq gave a prodigious mi
bound upwards, and dropped to the earth a St;
corpse Deaf Smith stood erect, and imme- Uc
diately began to reload his rifle; and then R
having finished his brief task, he hastened a- ,
way into the adjaceut forest. &
Three days afterwards, Houston, accorupani- (*,
ed by Deaf Smith and ten more men, appear. ?
ed in Austin, and, without further opposition, ]
removed the State papers. i
The history of the hero of the foregoing an- ^ ,
ecd'/te was one of the most extraordinary ever arr
known in the West. He made his advent in vj0
Texas at an early period, and continued to re- om
side there until his death, which happened j u
about two years ago; but although he had
many warm personal friends, no one could ever wc
ascertain either the land of his birth, or a sin- j pj(
gle gleam of his previous biography. When taj.
he was questioned on the subject, he laid his
finger on his lip. and if pressed more urgeutly, rea
his brow writhed, and his dark eye seemed to
shoot sparks of livid fire! He could write .-yi}
with astonishing correctness and facility, con- ]. h
sidcring his situation j and although denied ;1j*tl
the exquisite plea.-ure and priceless advantage jj;n
of the sense of hearing, nature had given am- fj
pie compensation, by an eye quick and fi;r see- i,.
ing as an eagls's, and a smell keen and incredi- p,t|
ble as that of a raven. He could discovered)- i |>o)
jcets miles away in the far-off prairie, when ; yj
others could perceive nothing but earth and j l>ra
sky, and the rangers used to declare that he jjjs
could catch the scent of a Mexican or Indian i
at as great a distance as a buzzard could distill-: j,,
sruislt the odor of a dead carcass. > ,?
- T . . ten
it was these qualitias that lilted him so well ti n
fur aspy, in which capacity he rendered inval-. 1(f
Liable services t'.i Houston's army during tin i ( ^
war of independence. Healway.- went aluti", tur
md generally obtained the infnrmatiou dc-ired.
His habits in private life were equally r.i
singular. He never could be persuaded to ! tjV(
deep under the roof of a house or even t>< use I u.p
i tent cloth. Wrapped in his blanket, he lov-!
1 ' nic
id to lie out in the open air. under the blue j ]
iauopy of pure ether, and count the -tars, or j( 1
?azc with a yearning look at the melancholy j ((Ur
moon. \Y hen not employed as a spy ?r guide, v(,
he subsisted by hunting, being often absent tj10
)n solitary excursions, for weeks and even ; nU)
nonth.s together in the wilderness. He was a J l>or
rCDaine son of nature, a gown up child ol'tlic ( ^jJC
woods and prairie, which he worshipped with !
i sort of Pagan adoration. Excluded by his ^lu
nfirmitics from cordial fellowship with his
vind, lie made the inanimate things of the
?arth his friends, and entered by his heart's j U(J(
>wn adoption into brotherhood with the lu-!
ninaries of heaven! Wherever there tvas!
and or water, barren mountains or tangled J (jl(1
." rakes of wild, waviner cane, there was i *o:tf j pr>J
Smith's home, and there he was happy: but \ anj
n the streets of great cities, i:i all the great | tor
;horoughfaies of men. wherever there was flat-! jn,r
:ery or fawning, base eunniDg or craven fear, 1 wa,
here was Deaf Smith au alien and an exile.
Strange soul ! he hath departed on the long
journey, away among those high bright stars ^ig
which were his night lamps; and he hath either ?ec
solved or ceased to ponder the deep mystery of
:he magic word "life." wa,
A GREAT MAN.
George Lippard, in his ucw work called The
Sazarine, thus speaks of President Jackson : J
lie was a man ! Well I remember the day I
waited upon him. He sat there in his arm ^
3hair?I can see that old warrior face, with its
mow white hair, even now. We told him of ^
the public distress?the manufacturers ruin- ^
;d, the eagles shrouded in crape, which were ^
borne at the head of twenty thousand men
into Independence square. He heard us all. ^
We begged him to leave the deposits where *
they were; to uphold the great Bank in Phil- .
idelphia. Still he did not say a word. At
last one of our members, more fiery than the ^
rest, intimated that if the Bank were crushed,
i rebellion misrht follow. Then the old man
t 1 u: * Par
rose. X CUU see U1U1 vet.
. tine
'Come !' ho shouted in a voice of thunder,
as his clutched hand was raised above his ^
white hairs?'Come with bayonets in your ^
bands instead of petitions?surround the White ^
House with your legions, I am ready for you
all! With the people at my back, whom ^ .j
your gold can neither buy nor awe. I will
swing you cround the Capitol, each rebel of
you?on a gibbet?high as Hainan's.' ^
'When I think,' says the author, 'of that j ^
one mau standing there at Washington, battling
with all the powers of Banks and Panic ^?C
combined, betrayed by those in whom he trus- ^
ted, assailed by all that the snake of malice
could hiss or the fiend of falsehood howl?
when I think of that one man placing his
back against the rock and folding his arms ^
for the blow, while he uttered his vow: 'I ^
will not swerve one inch from the course I have
Cllll
chosen!'?I must confess that the records of ,
liuc
Greece and Rome?nay, the proudest days of .
Cromwell or Napoleon cannot furnish an in- .
i ? - ?.11 1?Ua 4-V%a4 A n/l^nnr Tonlronn
Stance 01 U Hm imc mai Ui iiuuisn
when he placed life and soul and fame on the ^
hazard of a die, for the people's welfare. a.
Providence Sentinel. I1U
pel
ENGLISH SCHOOL-TEACHING. dif
"Cook'B Quarto Geography," recently pub- err
lished in Loudon?a work of considerable pre- ~7~!
tensions?gives some valuable information to tIei
"Young England" in regard to this country.
It teaches that "in the isle of Orleans, at the co
Mississippi, is the town of New Orleans, the his
capital of Louisiana." The young men of Vir- of
giuia "are gamblers, cock-fighters and horse- fel
jockeys. Their passion for these diversions, lie
not only inhumanly barbarous, but beneath blj
the dignity of a man of sense, is so predominant ue1
that they even advertise their matches in the kn
public papers." But of New Englanders, it 10
declares that: "From laziness, inattention and wil
nt of acyuaintanre ?r/'4 >?unkind, many of ho'
3 people have accustwW \hcmsclves to pe- th(
liar phrases, and to province certain words en;
a drawling manner." 1 hj people of .Maine, Pe
ccording to appearances, jre wretched in the at
trcinc. Their chief provision is a dirty, pu
rk-colored rye meal, aoi if they use any ed
at, it is on account of printing their sheep vir
m becoming more nunN'^us than they dc- wa
e, rather than for the pleasure of a good coi
al. Their common borage is grog, or a in;
xture of rutn and whisky with water. This col
ite (Massachusetts) is (* only one in the j pri
lion in which there arc '?o slaves." an
JlistcKiutfotuMfabtng.
LIEUT. GEN. WINFIELD SCOTT. an
The renowned warrir.r. whose achievements an
re added so much lustre to the American ^
ns, and whoso very name is suggestive of j
tory, occupies no ordinary place amonu tlie I.
incut men of our couttrv. The "hero of '
* Wll
ndy's Lane"?the ueior of Mexico" |
" , ? i I'll 1
the (ieneral v.ho has nevtr known defeat? j
11 does Scott deserve thouiecd of honor.? j
lasin-r, therefore, is the tarl; we have under- '
i 110
;en to add one leaflet to he laurel wreath j
:h which his adniirin-' coiiiMvnieu have al.
' Ml
dy crowned him. '
, . ha
It i> said that Sco.'t sdoecut to.'.y he traced
;n a jrentLmnn of the Lowland's of Scotd,
v.ho immigrated to tIii< country shoitly .
er the battle of Cullodem This person '''
. ine settled in Virginia, or. -d intheprac1
ot the law. lie, howcter. died at auearijre.
leaving a son William, who became the j
Iter of the subject of tfcis sketch. Near .
is
tersburi:, Virginia, <n the Idtli June 17S??, j.
ntield Scott was horn. He received a lib-;
1 education, and having adopted the law as ^
profession, his studies were directed to that
? . WO
I. ami in Hf'd he was admitted to the bar. ^
ls??7. Scott came to this State with the intioii
of practising his prof.\?>ioti in Charles- rpj
; hut, in euus.-((ucuce vf tlie law re-pairimr
h-iral pra< titiouers a resid* rice in the State
uno year, he abandoned ids design, and re- Up
nod t.i \ "irginia.
Mm.tut thi- p< rii.d, tlio.-e secondary causes, ve
ieh br.iu-.dir ?>r, the war of 1ST2 were in ae?
operation Scott perceivd that hostilities el.
li one or in <re of the oftending p-overs were jjp
vital.le. Tiie spirit of tlm soldier rose with- 00,
Itini .hp! .-haring in the general feeling of 0(j
ignation produced hy the aggressions on ;l <
commerce, and the impressment of our an
tneu, lie resolved to exchange the feruni for
battle-field?to forsak thomis for the ; >a,
re congenial companionship of .Mars. Ac-1 jp
ilintfly. n LIU. jr?roviOir?jj./ ." V ncri.-a.SC of ;
army, having been passe?l \?\ Cougiess In |<;
y, 1>"S, he succeeded by means of an in-1 j(
uitial friend, in securing the eoomniission, tjt
Captain of light artillery. J ja
S*..w comtneneed his milit ary career, but not
ler the mo.-t favorable auspices. Having t]j
11 sent, in 1>T)0. to join the army in Loui- t]j
aa, he became involved in a ?litiiculty with eo
eommandcr, Cicneral V/ilkinson. This u<;
. ceded iroin some free comments which the ,,n
eiit young (,'aptuin had made on the charao- VL.
and conduct of that inefficient officer. liar- 0j
been brought before a e??urt martial, Scott ln,
suspended from the army for one year.? jj
now returned to Virginia and, profiting by 0f
sage counsel of a friend, determined to make ev
contnnpp nf Knsnf>nsion rprsnnnllv nrlranta- _ii
uv""v"-" w- r ~ r j *? un
>us, by devoting himself to the study of milry
art and science. "When, therefore, he w]
'allowed to rejoin the array, he was enabled j f0,
do so with undiminished zeal, and a more j pa
imato acquaintance with the duties of his i pC
dession. [ ar
S'ext ensued the war of 1*12, in which ' ,jc
>tt bore so conspicuous a part. Having boon
viously promoted to the rank of Lieutenant ,]0
lonel, he first distinguished himself at the p;v
tie of Quccnstown Heights, in which, aliugh
finally forced to suircndcr, his conduct
3 very higlily commended. It was on this i oc
asiou that Scott fought in full dress uni-! he
in, aud, being urged to change his dress, : ca
dc the well known reply: " Xo, I will (Jit
my robes !" ' qe
After this affair he remained a prisoner of pa
r until January 1813, when having been ex- j ca
tnged, lie hastened to the field of war, pre- j hj,
ed to engage thereon with renewed spirit' ap
1 vigor. Soon after he figured most cou- as
cuously at the capture of Fort George, where c|0
pulled down the enemy's flag with his own | t0
ids, and completed the victory by a hot and 1 W(
ing pursuit of the retreating foe. j m(
L5ut it is not our purpose to euter into a de- J thi
ed recital of his services. They arc famil-1 v0
to the American reader. Suffice it to say ' ce
t having been made Brigadier General in 1 re<
xch, 1814 Scott won additional honors at j 0f
ndy's Lane and Chippewa, and finally emer- I
1 from the "dust and blood" of the "second ut,
rof independence" as its most distinguish- sa]
hero. He was not only promoted to the er>
h rank of Major General, but was honored
h "the recorded approbation, of his coun- Wi)
"?that which he himself regards the tin
ighest reward that a freeman can receive." cr
[u 1841, by the death of Macomb, Scoctbe- na"
ue commander-in-chief of the army. lie ica
1, however, up to this period been engaged str
many difficult and implant services. He au
1 brought several Indian wars to a success- Jc
lio.l onnflnrtfid wilb wlcrlnm n rb>li. i :
c mission to this State luring the period of j cn
lliheation?had employed his pen in matters ; an
tabling to his professiai?had adjusted the
ficultiesbetweeu Maineand the British Gov- in.
iment respecting the n<rth-eastern boundary | d,
md had generally exhibited the high quali- as
5 of the civilian as wel as soldier. COi
It was, however, in ou? late war with Mexi- St
that Scott completed the full measures of a s
i fame. We need not titer into an account wo
his achievements in that country. Our own cu
low-citizens?the members of the Palmetto co
giment?participated therein most honora- ge
r, and Carolinians, at least, can receive no co
sv information on tho subject. It is well th
own how landing in Uexico at the head of ru
,000 men, he took tie city of Vera Cruz wt
th the strong fortress ?f San Juan de Ulloa;
w carrying the heights and sweeping through the
? pass of Cerro Gordo, ho bore th6 American rev
rle successively through the streets of Jalapa, ed
rote and Puebla ; how defeating the enemy pui
Churubusco, Contreras, San Antonio, Cha- En
Itepec, and Molinodellley, he finally enter- int
in triumph the City of Mexico, and was 'It
tually the conqueror of the country. Thus is i
s ended that celebrated campaign which int
inmandcd the admiration of the highest liv- anc
; military authority of Europe, and the re- is h
[lection of which tills American bosoms with wit
ide and exultation. It was a campaign rapid mo
d complete. It established on higher grounds it!1
an ever the reputation of our soldiery ; and the
attended by a single blunder or omission, ma
will stand a lasting evidence of the genius of ly i
ai who planned it. wh
On the declaration of peace between Mexico col
d tho I'nited States, Scott returned home, ere
d was received with becoming honors. He pre
s afterwards the regularly appointed nominee wo;
the Whig party for the Presidency; but tur
ing defeated by the Democratic candidate, wh
consideration of his services in the Mexican phi
r, he has recently been invested with the litt
lk of Lieutenant < J encral. of
Seott is certainly the most scientific fi encral "a
it our country has ever produced. Nor is the
deficient in any of the requisite.! of the j con
le commander. Hold, energetic, prompt, "tl
d skillful, he is both /ml and sure. No lip:
If-way measures receive his adoption, but he "ri
. ins always to engage in battle prepared for "I
cry emergency, and with well considered "c:
ins. Self-confident and self-reliant, he not j bra
frequently count* upon victory before it is t^el
m. and couliy provides for the pursuit. ma.
Physically, Scott is a tine specimen of the j 1
dicr?tall and erect, his personal appearance j a p
commanding, and his bearing soldiery. In rea
position, he is magnanimous, though irnpet- '?y
us. Of his vanity much has been said, and j tha
may or may not be inordinately vain. It : has
re, however, well, if all liable to such a Afi
arge could point to deeds like his. of
? MM* bcli
EE PRESENT TRANSLATION OF 1 pei
THE BIBLE. \u 'J
The E'linburyh Ii? rinr, in a recent article j tak
on this-ubjcct, gives the following facts:? | or
The Pivisions of the Bible into chapter and ^pc
rse, which have no existence in the original, wh
vc been made without any authority whatev- mc
They were introduced for the purpose of Bii
icratiiigthe theological student from the ne- tha
s.-ity of attaining a deep and accurate knowl- onl
go of the Scriptures, by placing in his hands 'me
Concordance which they have been notched Cor
<1 scored to tally with, and by which ho may | dei
readily assisted to the discovery of any pas- l tvo
io lie may chance to want. About the mid-! cej
3 of the thirteenth century, Cardinal Hugo vvo
Santo Caro projected a Concordance to the , th<
itln Vulgate, and divided the Old and Xew am
istamcnt into chapters. Rabbi Xathan, in tio
e liftccnth century, in preparing a C'oncornee
of the Hebrew Scriptures, subdivided 0f
e chapters into verses. Robert Stephens, in f, )
e sixteenth century, passed simultaneously j
rough the press a Xew Testament and a Con- ; bci
rtlancc : and, so at least his son Henry t?blls 1 au]
. while travelling on horseback between By- ov<
s and Paris, lie cut the Xew Testament into
rscs for the sake of adapting it to his Conrdance.
This, we believe, is, in brief, the
jst approved account of the origin of those boi
visions and subdivisions by which our editions lin
the Bible are disfigured. Xo other book rot
er suffered such irreverent treatment. In all j pei
her compositions the paragraph ends where ! is
e sense pauses ; in the Sacred Scriptures, off
latever the sense may be, every third or ale
urth line brings the reader to the end of the or
ragraph. They are the only works we hap- rot
fii hr* finemoinfnrl tttI + U rri
? w KI\+ u\.vjuuiiitv.u >TUU ill Wlillll LUC CU11CCL ?? *
rangemcnt of the author's text has been ren- ev<
red subordinate to the facility of reference, pa
nd we are quite .sure that they alone are en- nic
wed with a sufficient force of vitality to out- up
'e so cruel a process of mutilation. da
The practice of breaking the text of Scrip- lec
re iuto verses, would, under any circumstan- pri
s, prove most injurious to the right appre- gii
nsiun of its meaning. It is the .immediate rig
use of much misconception. -"'Passages of art
oly Writ, thus insulated, receive a kind ofin- th<
pendent character. The sense of each little de>
ragraph seems drawn to a point; and the of
reless or unlettered reader is apt to confine saf
s attention to the few words thus placed in an gal
horistic form before him, and toaccept them du
a distinct enunciation of some religious cai
gma ; whereas, if they had bceu presented tht
his eye in connection with their context, he
mid at once have received them in their right pel
ianiug, and been spared the error into which of
c present deceptive mode of prirting the fen
lume has betrayed him. We cannot con- am
ive any case in which evil would not have un>
suited from the introduction of our divisions doi
chapter and verse. With whatever care a r
e Sacred Text had been cut into such min- the
e sections, those minute sections must neces- the
rily have had a tendency to mislead the read- ent
But they have not been carefully made, the
ie only end contemplated in making them, to <
is to fit the Bible to the Concordance. And the
at it might be effectually accomplished, ev- No
) other consideration?the progress of the sen
rrative, the beauty of the poetry, the theolog- ert;
d argument, and even the grammatical con- stoi
uction of the sentences?have been continu- '
y disregarded. We need not enlarge on the ticc
triment which the eloquence, the pathos, the anc
ii,? .
prucaiuu, cue veiy lutuuigiuinty ui iuc k^ajd
"Writings have incurred from this reckless at I
d fractional mode of subdivision. tioi
What would be the effect on the understand- the
y of the student, if a metaphysical essay of of
ljjald Stewart were set before him in a form anc
lacerated and severed as that in which he is a lc
odeinned to read the Theological Essays of wit
. Paul ? Would he not find himself lost in go^
sort of labyrinth of words, amid which he rial
is unable, on account of the continually re- 'loo
rring breaks in the sentences, to trace the wh
nnection of the argument ? A very intelli- for
nt friend of ours declares, that he never the
uld comprehend the drift of the Epistle to sto
e Romans, till he read it without the inter- fee
ptions of chapter and verse, in Shuttle- is i
>rth's translation. to
What was the opinion of Selden, a highau- sec
irity on sncli a subject, at the time of its last
ision? "There is no book/' says thatlearnman,
" so translated as the Bible foij the
rpose. If I translate a French book into
glish, I turn it into English phrase and not
o French-English. lll fait fro id,' I say,
is cold;' not <It makes cold:' but the Bible
ather translated into English words than
0 English phrase. The Hebraisms are kept,
1 the phrase of that language is kept; which
veil enough so long as scholars have to do
h it; but when it comes among the comn
people, "Lord, what gear dotbey make of
" Most extraordinary, indeed, is the gear
y make of it! And none but those who
y have had the curiosity to turn occasionalinto
some of our country conventicles, in
ich the neighboring tailor, or journeyman
>bler, officiates as the expositor of the Sad
Text, can imagine the miserable misap hensions
to which this peculiar, literal,
rd for word mode of i dering the Scripeshas
given rise. It r. iy. perhaps, ^ worth
ile to cite a few instances of the Hebrew
rases to which Seidell alluded, and wincn as
rally translated, bewilder the understanding
the reader:?"A covenant of salt," means
friendly contract;" " they are crushed in
i gate," means "they are found guilty in a
irtof justice;" "branch and rush," means
lehighest and lowest;" "the calves of our
3," means "the words of our mouths;"
sing early," means "acting with alacrity;"
have giveu you cleanness of teeth," means
ctrcme scarcity." Such are'thesort of Heisms
which have been retained?and, as
don says, "What gear do the common people
ke of them!"
rhe preposition of, to the confusion of many
assage, and the bewilderment of many a
dor is or.ntinnallv used assvnonvmous with
; a sense which it has now so entirely lost,
t Gilford, in his edition of "Massinger,"
. thought it necessary to give a note upon it.
ter no longer means according to, as it did
old, but is exclusively confined to the sense
ind, whether referring to time, or place, or
son. In the Sermon on the Mount, we find,
.""ake no thought for the morrow." " To
e thought" formerly implied "to be anxious
distressed." The phrase is soused by Shakare
in Julius Caesar. And in the age in
ich our translation was made, it very cortly
expressed the sense of the original text,
t at present, in consequence of the changes
it have occurred in our language, it has not
v ceased to convey our Savior's precept, but
ulcates a carelessness of life, which is inupatible
with the Christian grace of Pruice.
In the cases mentioned above, the
rds still remain with us, though their aeration
has been altered; but there are many
rds retaining their place in our version of
; Scriptures which are no longer current
ioug the people, and of which the significari
is only known to the literary antiquarian.
>w many of us are there who have any notion
what is meant by "ourhes," "taches," "ha geon,"
"brigandinr," "knopa," "nccsings,"
ii'jdrrs," "icimj)lc<," "tabringor a numr
of other obsolete terms, which nobody,
ong the ordinary class of English readers, is
ar likely to meet with?
AN EXCELLENT LAW.
In Germany "Every rail road company is
?i i? i? i- i a v.i? i i. ii,
uuu uv iavt iu nave a uuuuie uncn. uu iueu
es, and no person is allowed to walk on a rail
id track at any time, by day or night, under
nalty of the law. A barrier of strong planks
placed along the side of the tracks, to keep
animals. Every fifteen or twenty miles
ing the track there is a station for a guard
watchman, who livesin alittle hut beside the
id, and whose business it is to be at his post,
th a red flag in his hand, at the approach of
ery train ; and before the train is due, to
trol his beat to see that all is safe, and to re>ve
all obstacles which are sometimes placed
on the track by miscreants. In the case of
nger, the guard hoists on a telegraph, socal1,
which stand near each guard house, a red
inted 'casket, which can be seen by the enleer
a great distance, but if everything is
:ht, the two wooden arms of the telegraph
i stretched in the air. During the night
jre is instead of the casket, a lantern with a
ep red light placed in the air as a warning
danger ; and a common one if all is in a
'e condition. At every crossing there is a
te, which is locked up as soon as the train is
e, and any one, either on horseback or in a
riage, who desires to cross, must wait until
) train has passed."
In England the R. R. Companies are cornled
to fence in their roads, and in portions
our own country at the North, the roads are
ced. This arrangement, we look upon, as
excellent one ana wortny or oeing aaoptea
iversally. In fact it is nothing more than
ng justice to the community through which
oad passes and throwing a protection around
; interests of the Company itself for fencing
i roads. Those interested in the rail road
erprises of our country?the Stockholders,
Legislature and the Bench are all inclined
establish the principle in accordance with
English decision upon the subject and some
rthern decisions, that the people are trespass,
by their slaves and stock, upon the propy
of the Company whenever their slaves.and
ck are killed upon their roads,
rhe English decisions are based upon jus5
and equity, because their roads are fenced
I of course when stock is killed upon them
y are there, as trespassers. The railroads
;he North, many of them are in like situai
and of course like decisions, as regard
m, are just and proper, but by what system
justice our railroad companies can expect
1 our judges give such decisions, we are at
isstofind. They are manifestly at variance
h the law by which the people at large are
rerned, to say nothing of their being at vaace
with our former decision, which have
ked upon railroads as public highways upon
ich in the very nature of things impossible
one to commit a trespass by going upon
> ma T>? il* a /iAmmn/\n 1 m ?w r\ ? ilt a m i?
:lll. uj tuc vvlllluuli lavr ui iuc uuuuiirjf
ck is not committing a trespass when it
ds upon a man's aoinclosel land , how then
it committing a trespass when it happens
feed upon the Railroad Companies uninclol
land ? Why this invidious distinction in |
favor of Railroad Companies I Are individual
rights, or rather, should not individual
rights be as sacred ? The great highways of
the country are open to to all?no one can
commit a trespass upon them by going upon
them. If then a Company chooses to obtain
a charter and to lay out and construct a great
highway and invite persons to travel thereon
by what rule can they afterwards look upon
persons as trespassers for accepting their invitation
to use their road as a public highway ?
We now allude to those instances in which
persons are simply in the act of apcepting the
invitation held out'by the Company?i. e. in
going to and departing from the railroad stations
on business connected with the Company
or in travelling upon their road. Can a man
be a trespasser where he is by invitation ?
When it is considered that a railroad Company
runs its road through a community without
let or leave of the people, for its own advantage
and pecuniary interest that it holds out an iu"1
*L- ??* fn i I"1 P/ll nn.
V1C3U0D CO [U(i (JUin Ul u ij i lj at migt iu muivi
oti it and to do business with it; aud that the
road is unfenced and therefore unprotected, as
individual property must be, in order to sustain
an action of trespass from stock, we cau not
comprehend by what rule of justice or equity
| persons traveling upon the road or in the act of
doing business with the road, or stock upon the
road can be looked upon in the light of trespassers.
Let the Company fence their road?
i thus putting themselves in a position in which
I the law which governs the people at large, will
reach and cover them, and then and not till
j then will stock be committing a trespass by
going upon their road. In no case it seems to
us, can a man be deemed a trespasser upon the
company when he is within the invitation extended
to him and to all by the company themselves.
But there are many advantages which should
induce these companies to fence their roads
apart, from any such considerations. The comparative
safety with which they may run their
*? 1._
cars with increased speed is no small consideration
in itself.
The exemption from delays?from the waste
and injury of accidents caused by leaving their
track exposed, and above all, the freedom from
the malice of those who may feel themselves
injured in having their stock and their range
destroyed by the road, without any or sufficient
compensation, and who may be induced thereby
to seek retaliation and revenge. History
and facts show that experience has embraced
it as the best, the wisest, and the safest policy,
and wisdom would dictate its universal adoption.?Sumter
Watchman.
A NOBLE ANSWER.
When Louis Napoleon, before he had violated
his oath of fidelity to the French republic,
reviewed the troops encamped at Sartory,
Horace Yernet, the great military painter of
France, was commissioned to paint the scene,
and did so, introducing General Lomorieiere,
Cavaignac and other distinguished republican
generals who were on the field. After he had
overthrown the republic, Master Louis sent
for Yernet, one day, and pointing to the portraits
of the noble republicans, said in the
most peremptory mannner,?'Remove these
viSTMiVili/iona rnmAT?O fliucii
v* V*J vk l>U\^ UVVIV A A tVUlVT W IUV.CV
men.' 'Sir,' replied the noble artist, 'I am a
painter of history, and I cannot do it!' Of
course, after this bold speech, Vernet fell into
disgrace but he was too great a man to be
sent to Cayenne, or driven into exile, and after
a lapse of time, the emperor sent for hiiu,
and treated him with the respect his greatness of
soul deserved. 'Flaneur/ the brilliant correspondent
of the Boston Post relates the above
anecdote and also the following:?'One morning,
in crossing Ru-deUa Dauphine, driving
a spirited horse in a tilbury, Vernet ran against
a cart laden with stones, and broke the shaft
of his vehicle. A sign painter, engaged close
by ia painting some sausages on a butcher's
shop, recognised the renowned artist, rushed
to aid in mending the shaft- The master of
the tilbury slipped a piece of gold into the
painter's hand. 'What! Vernet from a brother
artist V said the man reproachfully. 'Pardon.
How then can I show my gratitude ??
'Give me a stroke of your pencil?I.shall be
too well paid,' said the man of signs, pointing
to the ladder and scaffold. 'Willingly/ observed
Horace, and scrambling up the ladder,
he soon finished the most temping string in
the world, and to this day, as during the last
fifty years, they are said to attract all passers
by."?Ballciu's Pictorial.
Preserving Butter.?The farmers of
Aberdeen, Scotland, are said to practise the
following method of curing their butter, which
gives it a great superiority over mat 01 tneir
neighbors: Take two quarts of the best common
salt, one ounce of sugar, and one ounce
of common saltpetre; take one ounce of this
composition to one pound of butter, work it
well into the mass, and close it up for use.?
The butter cured with this mixture appears
of a morrowy consistency, and fine color, and
never acquires a brittle hardness or tastes salty.
Dr. Anderson says: <1 have eaten butter
cured with the above composition, that has
been kept for three years, and it was as sweet
as at first. It must be noted, however, that
butter thus cured required to stand three
weeks or a month before it is used. If it is
sooner opened, the salts are not sufficiently
blended with it, and sometimes the coldness
nf fho nifrp will hp nprpoivprl whioh ?/\???11tt
? "? ? r? ? ; ? wwj
disappears afterwards.
What is Marriage.?It is a Mutual Life
Insurance Society, for nothing tends to abbreviate
existence so much as unble.wed singleness.
It is a Temperance Society, for it tends
to keep men sober. It is an Employment
Society, for it makes all hands industrious.?
It is a Saying's Bank, for it makes men thrifty.
It is one of "Twenty ways to make a
fortune." It is a specific for many illi, far
I superior to Indian Vegetable Preparations.?
I In fact, marriage is an intense happiness promoting
institution, which we fear inppidly
going out of fashion.
19" Ladies are like watches?pretty enough
to look at, sweet faces, and delioate hands, but
somewhat difficult to ungulate," uhen onoe
set ?agoing."
i