" Tl
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VOL. V.] WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, A UGUST 10, 1870. [NO.
THE
FAIRFIELD HERALD
Is PUBI.TS1ED WEEKLY BY
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erm-ma-Ttvs IRRALD is published Week
In the Town of Winnsboro, at 33.00 in
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Address of Major T. W. Woodward bibre
the Fairfield Agricultural Society.
Ma. Passitstar :-It may be truthful
ly asserted that tho Agricultural prosperity
of a country is not only the true measure
of its civilization, but I believe that the
stability of its laws are oven doel endent up
on the successful tillage of its soil. What
ever, therefore, have been the excellencies
of a people, be they either of a mercaut.ilo
or manufacturing character, it is mainly to
science as applied to the tillage of its soil
that we must look for the permanency of
its institutions, and for the material pros.
perity of its community. Nations have
arisen that from peculiar maratime a-lvan.
tages have controlled the commerce of the
world and been bloated wit Ih the treasures
and luxuries of foreign climes ; but whole
some laws., good morals, genuine liberty and
real prosperity, have remained to that peon
p!e whose worship has been nost. constant
at the shrine of Cores. It is then emi
nently proper, that this people barely re
covering from the overthrows of its every
interest, industry and institution, should
again assume the upright forms of men,
and shaking off that strange antl unaccouut
table lethargy that. has enveloped them as a
pall,-reach for the redemption and control
of its agriculturrl interests. The rude and
primitive implements to he seen in the
fields-the care-worn and poverty stricken
mules ani oxen to be met upon the high
ways, the dilapidated condition of houses
and fences, admonish us that the barbarian
in power has not alone exerted his influ
ence upon our laws and morals.
The hiessings of agriculture are indeed,
hbalhhful to the morals and prosperity of a
counatry ; but, the abuses are no less inju
rious and are equally worthy of our serious
consideration ; and it is proposed upon this
occasion to trettt of, a few of its ubusts
and our ability to control them.
The first material impediment in the way
of anything like a gradual improvement in
the texture of our soils. is the pernicious
practice of allowing ourselves forced fairly
and squarely into copartnership with a
race mentally. morally and physically be
neath us. there is a degradation in the
ilea that saps the found:ton of the fabrin
of pubho-sentinent heretofore : and a re
versal of the practical experience of the
world in every -branch of industry, from
the days of tdam the first agriculturalist,
to the present time. Do the laborers of
Mr. Sprague. thong i of his own color, dare
to claim a share in his factory ? Do the
mechanios of th,s North demandl a share in
the fees of the cent, actor ? Do the labor
ers in Europe or anywhere else demand
ti'nt a copartnership shall be ertablished
before they go to work ? I say not.
The cropping system nuw in vogue
amongst us, I care not what may be the
nature of your contrAct-not only estab
lishes a coparinershtp, but does indirectly
authorise the negroe to use his judgment in
the management of the crop. In all other
avocations and in all other countries, a man
has the figjgtof pelectiog his own partn@rs.
here, it is only necessary that the League
shall issue qn pdict and straightway there is
no more hiring - for 'wages. Any planter
who will for -a deries of years pursue the
eystem of cropping now practiced by al
most all of us, must In the end find himself
a poor man with an itnpoveribhed planta.
tion. Before the n-ar I have hauled out. na
many as six hundred four horse loads of
oompost. I now use the actual droppings of
the animals'and no more, and, the reason is
obvious ;-hands laboring for a part, of the
crop, object to.asny.outside work whatever.
and, espoe ally to this thsing of hattling in
litter from the woods ; for it, not only addst
nothing to ths'growihg crop, but they ftrgue
that they may not reside lpesd thme place the
next year, and will,. therefore, reaip no ad.
vantage wh,tever. When you refieet that
the negroe tna a class, has not the remotest
conceytlon of the ,ohligations of cent racts,
and that all lit. ideas of political economy
oedet to hims onlg se they r-each his present,
individual ease,,!-his reasoning is not bad.
Thte fault, then Is yours, and mtust, be
correted by you. I see no reason why
the rnegroe shall not occupy tlte position of
the labos-r ef the North and of all other
parts of' th., world in this quecstion of the
general states of capital and labor.
Sir', it is too true that, thte agrIculture of
this 8,at,e Is being consignesd into t,me hands
of the negroes. Welhave been forced to
submit to his Ideas of -taxes and of laws,
but we are tamely anud Evolunstarily tutrnir.g
over to hiin ti ast grand bulwark of clv
~lisation that s)hould hAye, peen )pft as an
4h4yttance to thh hobid ren of white men.
Whete Ih the nope 'for th'e f\uture redeamp..
ten 'f this l&nd. If wtrei depoen~Iant u pon
the agrieultural'ideas of' the -negro. ; npt
osaly for our daily breed, but for our ari.
pies of experg I Til solence of agrieplture
simple as it Is of pos,d to be, has cosi the
Wotld heudersde o years dr the toll and
,thought of itd best menuand ablss minds.
bin addIttont to the esbove, there is now lit
le or no I.,terval between the laying by of
te crop.. and the corpmencement of the
gathering of it as was tbe ease In those
godold dags'of 4istenidstc labor. Then.
*O had time to haul: trash for barn yasrd
.hd stables; clear lands clean fence corners
and repaitr.buildiggs ; gow.under the crop
ping,systeni, ,we .wage an inglorlius con
test with Oen. 4reen from trhe timne of plans
tldg till thitistlinA - rop ' Admoiuishes us
that It is time to put it beyond the reach of
rogues. There It*enother objection to this
feroppiit syste'm. and it. ls this ; laborers
,Who foy~rQ a pAr of the crop are usually
lrl to afut-mlnh thems lye'. y that is:
an individttel bhoihas htither bread, meda,
*utedy sns' bredit, ihW-pedted to feed and
eletb hlmsgelf as'nd perhmape a-lAr'ge faasily.
This Inyolvesqpne of Awp eontinganaies, he
g2pPtithpr steal. (and many a sppor swinp,
,hep,qnd gow4oes sffer, )bt- he mWi't
ytoW11 amoel,iho, if h'd IA not an
etnidi IA theretty furMulhed' tvIth as
pretek'for tthsorblng his years wages,.or it
he is an hsoest IEnt ansd Is. happeos to he a'
poor.ct-rr.year like las'. y"ar, for Instance.
~e is nothing made, bselooseshis ad
i nd 'lRas th6~ atbsaaonh df seeiwng
tuoerdepatatt hen4iof the year-In
his dent, I know nirn who,ha,e loss
tihan $500 last year myself in this way, ani
have lost more or less every year by it sine
freedom. Tio immense amounts of higl
priced and freqtently spurious ar.icles u
otinmercal fertilizers that have inundato
the cottuntry since the war, demonstrato III
diflicultles,-the impossibilitles of nianufne
turing under this system ; that most value
he, most lasting of all manures that. I hav
tried; the barn yard, cow pen and stabi
compost. It is no uncommon sight to se
lands that have been redeemed from utte
barrenness by the use of these compost
which for a eeriea of years demonstrate<
the nermaneney of its improvement by re
munorative crops, but I have seen no suel
effects from the use of commercial manure
alone, showr little effcet,for the second (rol
and I don't hesitate to say that the increas
ed productions in my crops of '68 '609 aid di
i.ot. repay the considterablo outlay of cash fo
the'it, nor, do I believe that a fair stat.e
ment for the District for these years wouh
make a better showing. They (1o pay witl
good seasons but are too high priced. Th
system of copartnership cropsping: is there
fore, detrimental to the agricultural inter
es:s of tho South, and we must adopt an
other plan.
The pruetioe of renting lands to negroe
is also an abuseo. Rented lands and hire'
horses, under my observation, are nevei
improved. The first and greatest care o
a laud owner should ie the judiious ar
rangement of his rows with a view to tht
prevention of waushitg. It is usolesr to ap
ply tmatture of any kind if your rows ruts t
and down hill so that the water holding it
solution the very cream of your soil runi
down to an already enriched valley, or as ii
often the case, the manure itself is swep
out and born upon tlie bosom of the torret
to the sea. I believe that the whole plat
for the future nprieultural reden,ption o
this State, if not of the South, is centered it
this one idea, of level rows. If I have at
tained any success as a farmer, or hav
atoned for tihe destruction of 237 acres o
original forest, the fairest of the land. i
has been by an effort to preserve It in it
virgin purity-by level rows; and it is t<
be seen to day, not in a state of perfect pre
servation, it is true, but I will challenge th
District. to show a field of tle same size, li
years old, with as few gullies.
I have scen more titality swept awn,
by one rain storm than could bereplaced bh
years of scientific manuring accompanie
by at judicious rotation of crops; and
know of nothing more discouraging to th<
farmer th.ta to have lands upon which h
has bestowed extra preparation, torn mt
gullies and born away to enrich his neigh
bors bottoms. It is then essentially impor
tant that this general land wasting shout
he prevented if possible; for unless It bi
stopped the next decade must find its as thI
present. letves its, with poorer lands thon w,
lad before. Whilst (as stated before) n
e,rerience was not as satisfactory as wa!
desirable. still I have - aceomplish-d muel
in the preservation of my latlda. The eye
tetm pursued is the old plan that has beet
practiced for years by Oeorgia and Souti
Carolina farmers, of running a guide rot
with a rafter level, which can be done hi
any one, for you havo no care as to whor
the row will lead, as the level is indicatet
by the instrument, anter this you lay of
with the 1low for 20 or 30 yards upon cac
side of the gnile row other rows. and a
soon as you find that tle surfoco of th<
land is changing and that. in consequenci
you are loosing your level -go 80 or 4(
yards farther up or down as the case ma;
be, run another guide row, and keep repeat
ing the process till you have finished tht
field-fill with short rows any places wher
the parallels do not coincide. This is th
whole process, and the job once done is at
: ays t.here, for if the lands be sown in smal
grain'even, the wator furrows are on han
for another years operation. Many person
combine the level plan with a sysietn o
hillside ditching which I think if properl;
done adds materially to the preservation
Although I believe that more land in lb
hills of Fairfield has been ruited by ti
improper grade anti location of ditches thai
has been lost by the want, of them. 1
sound judgment must decide the locatioi
and fall of ditches for each separate field
w.th thse general precat ions, viz: mk
yotii dit ches tas short as possible, nndl atwny
empty the water up the valley. The dit
ing is dlone with tihe same rafter level itse<
for the rows, but Is arrangerd to show th
fall as well as theolevel, a faloftfrom 2) to 8
inches Ip 15 feet, being given accordingi
the nature of the soil, sandy lands requit
ing inore fall than elay. In connection w'i
horozontaling, I made observations for twi
years.t.o ascertain the number of washin
rains that fell during the year, and the ret
st,t was that ahnutt one in twetity only ar
abundant enottgh to satunrate the soil th,i
Istdeeply plowed and fill the rows sufficoient
ly for waishiing. This then Is a savinig wet
thy the experiment of the pitantor, tand hi
will often sea the advantage of tevel row
eveti for retaining the water that woult
othterwise trun off and not bq used by th
plants ;.-.where rows run up and down hilte
any rain that rutns carrIes off land. Wher'
your lands ate rent ed you may expect litti
'horhzontalising, )ess of anaythaing hkea syt
tomatic rotation of crops, and absulutel;
none of thamt, general care of building,l
fenicing, gatus, &o., so necessary for th
proper keeping up of thme place,
The present idea of planting largely c
eotton and little or no grain is an agrioul
l,ural habusqi, a disastrouit abuse, and on
peculiar to whIte meen. It was prophesie
amonget. many other 19ise sayings by th
aboiitionists, that unader the system of fre
labor the fields of the South would teot
with an abutidaneo heretofore unknown
that all our products would be at heas
doubled as aeon as this inill stone of slaver
was removed from around our necks, and
is a most remarkable fact t,bat the whol
South has hent its energies to the fulfitlmen
of ti stupId sitying,'so;far as cotton I
concernsed, (and, itals is the only crop this
ben'efftteYAnkee) abd, tre now find hit
counting cufr bales ahd poIntIng'out to hi
people the great, service that has beeit rer
tieted uby this aIo'st, ilainous theft ant
meyellee (oy'uelty thathbal ver l seu perpe
trated ppotn ay people. We of ta Bouti
know more of. ase negro labor than' evel
'Wse itin of .the North, and bindt of .ug ar
densoiote thiat a fe# 'mere,t'ears of thi
gaeudo prousperity and the otnuntry Iqade.
undoe. .If- afy psan .denbhis,, I ll ,shoa
ehj fhgtres obta')ned froms Mr. Creigh'l, db
*,nt.aent ut (bhI plaeo, and I askc liie al
t ei wh'tst Iread it statement.
tadeived at, Winnishoro Depot from Jul;
-l1t. 869' to July let, 1870 u
17,272 IBti. fiorn, $101,271.6
.5 i7. lhds, 'Thicn, 8,2.
2,%8 Saeks Floitr, 1i1.872 0
S,741 flhli, do 2l,I608
1,005 1H4h6w 'Iky1 7;682.0
42 Tons Guano, 81tO60A(
$269.898.f
ii Add the per cont. clhnrg'l for ermlit. :1ol
o the amuount of $3t .01rt,01( will he w:or thssan
a reached. Leave out the t1rt'lizers anwl thero
f is a lax upott the linricultural i..ere is of1
i this vicinit yupot ie fouru . t.icles of coin.ha.
e con, fliur an([ hay, $T27. 713 GO. I t-collet
.I hat large supplil"s of the above namei :rli
Sclesare received at loko,lti:lgerny.Youngs
u ville and Blackstocks, and ul.cn the otler
e side of the lDistrict. at. Alston. Lyles' Ford
a and Shelton's and computing that all thcso
r only obtain as muh its WYinnAsboro, we have
s of corn imported 13-4,56 11us.e of baconl
I 10:3.1 hhds , of iloar 1,900 sacks, of hay
3,931 hales, comtneent'iIt 11antres 81h ts ons;
a fill of wlich lti fair C6i1intit1es. nan1oItants to
the enormi on't s m111 o 1 a,0.f).
Upon the other hand t :in furnlished from
the sane sourco with the f,:llowint state
1int. of cotton shppe"l from Wiinnshiro
" during the saenc pertoil, viz : 58-1 ta Iles.
allowing as was tiono in regard to Itmpori.s
that all the other depots sl.ip a3 nalct, ant
we have for the crop of the I)istriot. 11,083
3 bale:. If' it is true that cotton has been
hauled to Columbia in wagons, it is also
true that considerable amounts of supplies
have been, and are being received fromr there
in the same way ; besides I know of large
amounts of cotton that have been sent from
1 adjoining Districts and sold herl: for the
-'purpose ef evading liens. Eleven Ihonsa't.l
r six Iundre-l and eighiytcight hales at $80.
gives .93 i,010 for the crop. Frot this dc.
Sduet the amotiot rendered above $l;0r:.00l)1
Ind1 we Iave I3l35,l r'e:aiing ; (tt et
n I'ch milln) sl ,.1p '.nl n in iIle reYrs of tile
Jill iathl(roIsts. must he atllotwed flie ste11l.
ings of :icot t til is Iting, wetr ttl tcar t
inld, price and ulsage of mnnles, hi1"e of
labor'crs, blitksm.ths hills, tools atl im..
p plemaents, ilert t on tioey inavesttd in
ltnd., repairs of ftencing and builings,
cost of living for pl ate:' atil iitnily, dov
tors hills, lawyers lees, stealings n1d ng
graataions of negroes, legislatoirs who al
tend at six dollars a dlay, ::l legislators
r who do not. attetd, at six dollars p.ir day,
and numuicl'tts other incidentals; :11rl vol
will see that. th(9 great huon oft free laihor
bestowed upon us by Ytnkue land is gnale
in keeping witht tlhe char iter of p.re"ents
usually muade by them. The Unitod States
agriculturtl statistics fiot 15863 gives to thi.
District. 19,771) bales. liere is a filling oil
worthty of noto even if our expen--es were
as little as then. The 1)istriot ol an nyer
I ago does not tjake 5 bales to tle hors-', but.
let us make a c:sual ealctlaltio at the es
titate. A mule COSL $15t), the ;'nerest on
which is $15. ''he rule in the time of
slavery was to allow Iwo 11Ids to the mule
wort h now $100 a piece, a n"l flnnd,-finding
is worth for the two, 2U0 bushels of corn at
I , 2, and 312 Ibs. bacon att 25 cents--$130.
s The mle if ho eats only 40 hushels of
3 orn and 3000 lbs. of lr.y at $2 will cost
" you $140; and the wear and tear of your
land, say 20 acres more or less is worl.h $2
t per acre, $40. The money invested in 20
t acres worth $10 per ncro at 10 per cent
is $'20 morn.
t Now for the statement.: Interest on non
a e y patid for mulo $1 5 It. reqjaures n1w t.
S/eost three hands to do the work of twr
, horetofor.., hence we have f'or hire and find
t Ing of three hands $190. Feeding mule
I $1.10, wear and tear of land $P?. interest
I' ( on tantsey invetled in lintd $2t), plows, hes,
I , $12. bun his tip and the econottie:tl
a little atount of' $722 is obtained, at cost of
$144.40 cents per per hag for raising,
which st just 31 and 1.10 cents per pound
estimated 100 lbs. to the bale. It is true
, that there is manide by tnost of us a little
fodder, corn, pens, potatoes, oats, &o.,
3 which if they were sold would reduce the
3 amount. to about. 30ots per lb. If this is
3 not a fair estimate it. is not because I have
- not, tried to make one, and if you choose to
1 double it and say that 10 bales are raised
1 instead of five, by those who raise all cot.
ton It '+till costs over 16 Cents per pound.
f ind yeit ietru is a ontest. amongsti us for
, this ylorious pritdeye, which anakes us so
jealous 'f eala ofther that. we cannot be -
trusted in a cotmbination for ('te amtetiora.
3 tion of our dillictties even after wc have
t pledged our honor by a rising vote in this
L Court House.
I Is it ncessnry gentlemen that I shall go
further into the ahses of agriculture ?
a Thlre are ot hers but, I htave certin iily enu..
s meritedi enough for' (ur cosieatiii'tton at
. this timei. Let Ius look tabot its fot' a remo-e
I dy for those aircadry nlludedl to ; fir'sl, for a
e oeure to the pract i.-e of cropping on shrare's
or copartniershaip farming. Thtis vile at'.
a rangemnent was first forcedl upon uas b)y theo
-Freedmtan's liatreau and htas since been per
Spetuated by Labor Conveitions antd Union
3 League. Th'Ie remtedy Is exceedingly simt.
g pIe, it cnsists solely inl a detrmnatiion to
-bear witht It. no loniger ; atI if thet negro
3 without..itn otunce of pr1ovisionas or ait ace
t of lanid to staand upo)in does not, hiesitatte to)
-meet in conventionan- esttab5I1lisht rates of
Ia hire and conditions of service, I see tno trea
a son why we throtugh otur Agricutur aial klo
5 cities may not say to him event an kiand
1 'ness, sirs: youir requtiremeints ar'o niot con.'
a sistenat wvith ouar idens of whaat is condtutcive
,to the good of agr'icualture and we conIsidler
a ourselves entitled for thiifir'st timte to niot int
e acecordaance with the dietaites of oner 0on
-solennens, Ti aucomaplishies onar abjet and
y does it in tinlie to make thae yeiar's crop on
, other terms, for If we are In earnest Jann-.
e ary and Febrtuary will Ounufltnor his provl
sions5 and like the tearrapina with fire on his
t back, you will find him moving off' ho work in
- good tIme to make a cr01); 1Ilhink a Wiser
e and better being, I advocate no measurn' of
1 prosorlpt ion ttpon any portiont of our po
a plo by any othe~r portlonI of te people, for
e thIe severial reasorns, I hat. I taeitherct considor'
i It wise, jitst, humane, nor enlightened o (do
- so, but. all thte living and all the writ teat
t wisdom of the worbhi sanctions certain
y moneatures' of' polf-defencee and even of
t retaliat Ion as rIght end necessary for the~
e proteotion of rightls. g
t lf I have ofi'ee- no agricutltulral reasons
s whty lands should not be reiited to negroes
I promiscuaoutsly, I would have yott not dio It
a for polltloal puirposes. So far as my ob
a servation extend(s the favors sInce thin war
have all been tupont one side, If he wants
i t,o tent lands, hity a tule, obhtalin provisIonsI
or any other favor's he comes Io you his old
Il masteist s'n the majo'rity of inetapoeb
a gets 'whAt, he wants, but If you ask him
e eineply-to help'yoau oust a dishaonest carp'et.
s bagger for a despicable seallawag from' an
ii ofiee througt whioh he Is preyIng upon thte
v- vItals of the whole oonry, he considers
a your request unreasonabhe and turns a deaf
ear. Yo1. 'hae 'snfilently demion'trated
yotur inclinatin to be frIendly to these pso..
pIe, an. I think it, titne that a returning
sense of duty upotn their parts i.f,they haaio
0 any, or esneet anay, should promtuf therun to
0 descn h'om that pinnacle of folly ereeted.
I) by teir own2 spIidity and the cotiaiels (if
0) bad men, arid VSast-tls Ilpn Ofl6 grard|pit
0 form 'upon -whioh we eau-,all standl, a olat..
0 tJoun whose #rst plank,.and flst plank, and
- only pltank, is honest. mep for offiee 11o
a nartaly has an ablMhng COnfdnc i the
1orh :1Ai of tie wile inl when he sup
po,es I '- sre:us i do, Ilh:it %c, are forover
to (ndlure his 1.4111nv, Ihreals and 01 sy i temn
ant; co lbiu, ions foI ilt) i110dinlfg of 0ur'
cervr interest. and >"e!! rent ima h,a ds atnd
go into r:l'tne(rship upon "terms mnade in
Union Leagues. Wtiat's banu+t for I hie goose
is auce for thel gn.,der, aine I ndvise that
lieni ef'orth we meet him in 'precisely th'
samne spirit exhibited upon hile part.
The remedy for my third And Ins.I nhus..
of agricltlire Is no more difioult I hn the
otheri, perhaps even les4 so, fur like m.4 av
viol, ti ns nf the lawst' that gl)v'rn it ephysi
Cal organiiizationl it lteaches tisdomtn by the
ills it Cntai's. lliight wit is bevl, bil wiih
ai Ir1 .t erop of Cat (iii al e-Illik.-ili-n ly l'w
figures and liens to oiren pavtu('ini for gi no,
h"c,h1on. 'Ity, Ir n "n' lns, ilit,elnl('llrl,
as g:ur, eofF.,e, mtoh: ses, skuesi, dIry g.o1.ts
au-"! Ul' nwy other Ihings nil bought. upnn a
,:red:t and. c ei-"e(Ini ly it high priers; I
fr genlSn,'n. t11:4I the price paid for it
will prove too dear for nny, very itany of
utS. 1 , 4m 1ne fit Ihove w ho believe that
manl (lillerr iainly fromn I he "ther anitlIs
in proportion to the exercise of his will
aver ihings and circnmstan ces. Unprive
lim of volition cither for gosd or bad par".
pmses and what. is lie more than Ih( cutr that
yelps in your slrio.e or ile wori 111t
rirawi s bi'nen'h the sod. Endow him wilh
w'ill, an1dl what canno. ie accomplish ? what
- h lie not accoiplished ? The hi.:.ory of
tie worbl is r( plele with lIho nighly
tehievements of men of strong willr. Let
n Ihen ro:olte to plant largely of corn,
wrht:t. nts, rye 0n even of clover nnl Iall
1t lher of Ihe Cr'ps oftroots, pllnts and grain
o ,hich nur (lima tte,t a soil i ad.pt ed, an[
Iby selecting O 1r' best lands .:nd thI ereby lo -
lu,ing the acreage in c:ltivaltion we catn
Lolcetr" ite 04' till:ige. manuros, an( eller
~ie . I ha ll bw4n a1mitken poh
t to scaell'r nor manures over so 11lrge a
14s laco 1t41 one u.ually telrctel on4 ae
coinni of its barr(enness. It is murieh e'ier
Io k.:> pli, the f."rtilily of a piece of land
alre.i('t g~od, tha l0 revive tho onergies
of' lin exhauste't soil.
If I tnistake not, cation hlis sol' for as
high as -1) cenls in gild in this town ; it can
he hrouglht back( to thati figuro Au in .,
re:1clh it before we nltnin any considerab,le
mensore of prosperity by the present sys.
Item of1 labor, that, imp:ede'; otur Ugriculluratl
prolgrew, tor- he'ore w'.e can in' po:ud prompt
ly to the e'xhorbiltuat dem."ds of i govr'n
nwent, 1.1.5 per cent of wh,s. legislators, vise
amen. 14nn-1 coili,;ll1I''q, are i~aornut negro
Iiieve'. h:it.Irdizel hybriids :And 'espic: ble
seo,l,+ I'u l fnom other State", and spoon
or wo of m a0' ) fromt am ong uts. I !;ate
not with wha: Iarglnente in ref"erence to
increaQ'ed po101tions from India, I'gypt,
and elsewhere you comb t, Ilhe propogi.
1ion ; uI mintain that it' We' re losing t,ton.
oy, ruining our 1":nds, nAt degrading our.
selves ns I have provcn, it is our duty even
to quit the producti'm of -(ton altogether
and turn eur lat:i,1onu to'bers fihing-,.
Leaving to Englaul lie mouno~poly to which
in enlightened agricultural statesmanship
rind a general benevolence towards her whole
Ipeople so prcenmin en4ly enlilers her. What
can be the motlive that, wil, prompt us to
pur.-Sao 4141 agrir.ulitutl plan that simply
mnlhes us$ to ilmrei be corn :Ind bacon fromt
our iestroyers ? Por 4ne with (od's help I
intend so fIll as in me lies to bid gool-byo
Io his corn aller Ihis year, and if' we caln
Ihis F:ll elect. a Uovernor whose presence
amongst us loes emhollen hog-rogues, 1
intend again 1o raise i4y own m4ent.,
There is alnot her duty of the ngricultural
ist which although not, directly connected
with the tillage of the soil, is nteverttheless
gerintii to the sub jeat, au-l is not inappro.
prialely introdooed even in an agricult.i'al
society. I have always thonght. and said
that tlhe f:rm'ers of the St110te had it it: their
power to remedy many of the ills of govern,
mintnt with which we have been ovorvwheln.
eli. it l stiil mny opintion Ohat with tile
exercise of' a li Ile will, we even at this lits,
day c.an demnstr'a"te in tlio scoundrels who
are stirring the minds of lie negro. his and
teir iuignifioance and u4er dependence
upon our fotboarance. Take tie subject of
nxntaion for instance. The colored Rnge
who does most of the corn'elling in these
parts tells his peoplo that there i4 n0 neces
litly that thelir indstl should be exorcised
upon11 the suiicot oIf taxes, as they have
nothing to pay 44n, anid all (lie taxes conme
out of white menCt's pickoe, wIhereupon
1,.hey r'easonuIl tusly :If ilpy no Inami I am14
cot tainrly little concerned about 11hes1e steal.
lngs that I hear of, anetl as t hey are not1
putting iteir hiandIs into my pocket and are
maoreov'er myl be'st fi'ieiids, I don't car'o if'
they 410 maklle a little oIl' theo "bucA'ra." WVe
haive it11 inour power' to malike thom pay
heavIly of' taxes and ini such1 a wnly that. 1the
moBt. Ignorant of them (4a1n feel it. This is
my plan0, 41(1 doexactly3 whatt ho hais done
have concer14t of ac(tion4, and1. agree that in coni
sideroation of the fa.'t thait. WO are making
littIcelor nioth4ing by farmziing we cannot
nl'or'd to give hut $50 as hire where we ar'o
14 . d painig $100. I am aware that, the
plan is fraulight Iwith some11 ditliculties and
thait t he negro has 1)een4 told t hat thle whIte
roan cou111li ol. exist.,4 a nor without his
labor, but each and every one knew to the
editrvary, and If even a mawjo.rity of farmuers
go into ain airranigemenit to athis efct,'o.ho must
succumb and that so tIpeedlily that there
wvill not be a 10oss of' even one orop. Des.
porat e diseases requtire prompt remnedlIos,
and I proclaim It. hier'e II.day (liat If' there
is a wlhe tuian wYithlin tho sountd of' my
voice who jus not willing 10 look his planta.
lion up for one yoar', i' uneedls be0, to get rid
of t ho "tanglement"l so indudstrioutsly being
pliedc by t1( hat d/istgishd 4th of' July or'a.
tor to whom I have alluded ; In my opinion,
lie Is certlainly no:. 10uch1 unocomrmode:db
it. It is a sore anid speedy solti on of the
dIreadIfIl enigma that mystiles our people.
Why shioiuld we hesitate to hiasten thie most
drended conseqtuences that could follow
such1 a course. Are noet the ometcals of the
Stato plotling for the uatter desitruction of
every honest man anid d(centl sentIment ?
Are you not rulled over by a man whose
characet'r i' sov~I4 atid wholstoffIoiail niursa
11444 been so Infamous 1that lhe canniot asso.
eiate tupon' terrn: of Intimacy wit h one sin.
gle solitary full blooded Carolina gentle
man ? Why. the*n sho'uld .we hesitato to
seize tapon 4evea remiote; probabIlIties th'at
arti calcalaiad to remove thie tortures under
which we wrihe? I Hu,s he not turnett ble
bachV upor all ass->oIai'ans of' whIte mon exn
o'ept zuoh a, leagued with hing Ii his .pe.
lationc and.vhilaI1is ? l' i hepot. afr.ey
hn4fig received yours, the 'first, ~eoipany
organIzed Inl the lulstrict In a6cordance with
the requirements of the militia hill ma~de by
hIs' owni vlle: Ltwislatt:re. ,thi' very nor; day,
' the hiddhing of 'Jubl il a. iid Barber,3'4IwI
1i i.'at and 'rfendly negr)es ' ogfnly
vij'. th la s that1140 he~ has sworn,to utp
port and r'ef'use your organIizationui ? Anad
why ?" Ileonfs ynou. were hotL mefh 'iff'n
Woultd-ot, hold hi:rm 1.n hi petrpose of' phto-,
d er. iIns he not.nonae vur fe. i t,ho- an.re
voun:teer Co p ny' at your own expense ?
.1ni 'yt y t"'idt nf ".his the streets and high.
iv " " . r :t w:l:. '"I % bristling bayonets of
bi i Iwl";: n., , iilti:t. 'he roads are red
with r r.- '"r I w o i .ys nfttr their conflicts
wilth onIO ;t:hvi.r 'ie rest of your women
nn"I ?" I'.- ist ." 4,t-n, both in your town
nlt fIr t:i.,': in the surrounding country
by th ' : 'e:a! :it: of tiheir midnilght Jrumis
A' I 1'. 6 i4 I ague ~ itherings. Is it not an
m: irovcrtible fact Il,t he has furnished
the tio rnes ithro'ighout the lengiI and
tbrei il-l of our State with rifles and ball
c rfrale'+ whils lie has scrupulously kept
themirn 1. f-the I.an".1 of whito men ? Show
ing. ilh it he il U'Ierel lthe true sentiments
of his liean t when he a-luded to the Winl.
chef eril t ill i i:s W:t,ihinrtton speech as the
ari'er of tie jis :es between us. Men of
Carolifna I would not uniecesarily stir the
proud< b'ooi which flows now so
qietly in the veints of every trite son of
I lli' i 'te. These at e not 'ines tiat men
Eiihoni he led by their J>npiois. The rea
son and forbenrancp of cool heads and hal
ancell ninis st"ild be allowed full sway.
l'r"lence ahoiul temper our every ant, but
it h:s ever been and is now Iy opinion that
these hell born reonstr 0tion nOts brought
upon n"+ by the blood of A nricans would
leave s its they came upon us with the tlis.
approval of the Amnerican people written in
oharecters of blood all over their infamous
pages. In the meantimne, therefore, I see no
impropriety )r violation of law In arming
yourselve:t, I seo no reason why the goed
inen of the country cannot trust thionselves
with Winchester rifles too: for, they are
as well aware of tlhe teirible consequences
thiat nust follow the improper use of them
as ignorant and irresponsible negroes -
whilst the possession of thetn will enable
1us with fee.ings of maore security to devote
ourselves to ihe Avricultural and other
naterial infererts of outr State, and await
with niore patiilee t he s:lution of this ter
rible prohlein which tio-" in lix m ysterious
providence is temporarily k"eping frot thii
siricken people. Ain y9inrselves. If it
takes of the wearing apparel of your wives.
an of the bread of your little ones, put it
off not another day.
Clarges Against Scott.
The charges htve been openly and
pointedly miade, iand they are general
ly believed. There is no man in the
State who can read and write, who
doe not know that Scott, an Governor,
has prostituted his position to specu"
lAte in the bunls of the State, and in
the bills of the Rink of the State.
So much fnr the first charge. If our
knowledge is founded on a nistaken
interpretation of facts, we have a
right to prouounce a verdict of guilty,
or to demand a denial of guilt with
the proof of innocence.
With regard to the recond and third
charges we scarcely think that he
will dare deny them, and if he does
his tetimony should be vary strong
to rebut the evidenCe against 1m in
posscssion of the people of this State
who have watched the course of the
man who said on one occasion in
Charleston, "I could have been a full
Major-Goneral if I had consented to
accept a negro division but I would
not have anything to do witk them."
The fifth charge is the frightful one
of being a murderer. Proofs are fur
nished by General Butler suffioient to
convict before a jury of twelve men,
and yet Governor Scott folds his arms
end remains silent. The people of
the State have a right to demand, and
do demand of you, Robert K. Scott,
proof that you are innocent of the
blood of Randolph. If you can re
lnte the testimony there is no man in
the State, whether your political ene
my or friend, who will not rejoice to
know that among the many things in
yura career of which we have cause
to he ashamecd, the crime of murder
cannlot be numbered.
IWe have a right to ask if you, the
Governor of this State, did so dishon
or yourself, your famnily, and the poor
deluded people who unfortunately
eleotedI you .to the office which you
now hold, as to have done the ucts
charged in the fourth clause of the
indiotmoent. (As to women of ill.
,fame.)
WVe have a right to ask you why
Leslie, Land Commiissionor, has never
beena reported ; wvhy, whoa he threat
ened to send you to the penitentiary,
ho was allowed to resign, and whetheor
it is or is tnt true that you paid hits
$'25,000 for his resignation ?
TheIi other charges even SQott him
self cannot deny. The facts in all,
ercept the last, are before the entire
State, an1d the last one trsts on the
authority of that pure and noble gen
tleman Wade Hampton, whose asser
tioni we are sure no honest man will
dare to e-mtradiet.
General Scott, are you guilty or not
gusity ?- Couricr.
Mr.ssas. Enrrons ;---The truthful T.
J. Mackey, in his attack upon Sawyer,
(not our funeral) for his agency in the
removal of the disabilities of General.
Jiutler, refers to the latter as one of|
the authors of the Black Code.
By referring to the House Journal,
page 119, in the vote on the third and
final reading of the Bill, atnong thes
nays will be found the name of Oe*
eral Butler. Maokey knew, or alght
have known Abo trash, bost I)p pw
versipol of truth setesn pr
A Thston man hadvetfises foP I SOt.
vant, As ftolows WI nthd A' rs
ry Gill. :Nstionalityror reHionMUo
aocounat. JVik one hoptr per, day,
,TJ'aken,to' ride.veyy' t on
bnso a onIikha~ (TnM3 w N
A Terrific Storm--Iimense Loss of Prop
crty.
One of the most terrific stormn3 thn
ever visitvd our city cate upon us yes
terday morning and before running it
course inflicted damage the amount t
which can scarcely be estimated. I
was the sevet est storm since Sept.. 18G'
A stout breeze from the southen,
commenced blowing early in the mort
ing and gained intensity as the day ac
vaice d,'and blowing signs lter keitei
tearing trees up by the root. and breal+
ing down telegraph posts in all p:irts
tecity.
From 12 until 2 o'clock it blew a pei
feet hurricane.
The tide rose very rap:11v, reaching
it is estimated, fully four feet ab ove hig
tide mark before it commeniced to fitl
Front, Commerce and Wa ter st reelt
were completely submerged, and th,
stores in all he lower parts of the cit
were under water, and immense lose
were incurred among the down tow
grocery dealers in damage to stock;
The water on Dauphin street reache
about 30 feet. above Witter street.
MNearrs. Forchei,inner & i,ssnhe. I
A. Wenms & Co., Ulrich & Diaard an
G. M. Parker were perhaps the lea vie
losers by the flood, although nonrl
every merchant, on Commi-re an
Water atreets--where the stores ar
low suffered more or less. It is a clea
impossibility to mn'eke even a fiir approx
imation of the daomngo fromt this einse.
All the down town dealers went t
tively to work elevating their good
early in the morn ung, and to tiis pre
cautionary measure was due the savit
of a great deal of property.
The att amers Get trude and Mist lrtn
at the wharves across thin river. wet
torn from their fastenings and blowl
over to this side. The Mist -ent alon
up the river clear, and finally, aft
losing her chimneys, was blowii ashor
in the marsh just above the mouth
One-Mile c :eek.
The Gertrude, however. was less fot
t"nate. After crossing over she atrie
first the Trairie St ate, then the l1al
the Ella May, and the Laura; brok
the steamer Arlington from her fastet
iigs at the wharf nearly opposite Shil
pers' press; lib.rated the threo-mas
schooner J. Ricardo Jorda from I
hold to the wharf near by the A rling
ran into and carried ofra barge lyin
along side ofthi stenrn"r J. P. Jacksoi
and after losing hr n . r'ar
sunk nearly opp,osite th.. .\lerc;hant;
press.-Mobile 9 Hbune.
The "Whittemlore Party."
When such a nan as Whit temore i
not only reelected to the place in Cot
gress which he disgraced by his co
ruption, but is made the proininei
figure in a State Convention of his part
it is not. hard to see that a dang'rot
class of politicians and a debased cond
tion of political morals are again uppe
most in South Carolina. No fair-mini
ed, intelligent American, whatevor I
party leanings may be, can have an
other feeling than that of disgust for th
political chicanery that loads to sie
humiliating results, nor should he hay
any other language for them than umgin
ified condemnation.--Ph/iladclphtia Lt
ger.
It appears that the cadet-broke
Whittemoro took entire charge of di
lIeptublican Statie Convention on TIhutrs
day hast. It was WV hittemnorewho decide,
which of the delegates wvere duly elect
ed ; Whittemore who framed the plat
form "endorsing P'resident, Grant's at
niinistrtation," and W hittemnore who noni
inated the candidates for'the coming rae<
In one wvord, from its head to its tail
the whole Republican party in Stii
Carolina was incarnated in thisu convit
ted and twice-branded cadet-sellin
carpet-bag Congreesmnan ; and so deci
ded a prominence oii the heels of hi
second rejection by the House seems
mndicate that, jus8t in proportion as an;
man becomes degraded in generi
esbimation, just in that proportion dor
lie rise in the estimation of those ric<
field an.flragans, wiho form, with som
WVhittem->re-ish white men, the Rlepub
lican party of South Carolina. TIhi
fellow was'driven from the Honse fl
ph;iin theft, and his constituentsesent hit
hack ; the Honse apurned him from it
threshold, and, lo I lie rises still highe
in South Carolina Rlepublicaniism, ati
from dhe simple Congressman become~
the great htead.cenitre of the part
thirougho,ut the Stat e.-New Yor
World.
TmXA.-It is estimated that ove
100,000 immigrants have entered Tent
withini thes last twelve months, and du
rine la .December ever 1,500 persori
came daily into the State. The cror
this summer it is believerd, will6
double those of last year. The hill
regior.s of the Western part of theStat
are very healthy,,but the persons wht
settle on the ld*', iat laods, and uaW th
*ath of,the streathairo liable to chill
and fevers, and the iohabituant QP .th
coast oisisns arsubjct to yellow favel
Labir ts in gradi i*in d in the agricu:
.&rG1 dT%trie[.ap4farm* hands: r6dei,
*rou $J1io,6Qa4 -bomb and thei
board. Dnrig thie got,t-*piching eef
son they are paid rn $2. Y>0 tot a da
sand board N' n- iha itinar journeymen
.mglicarqp,ai frpm $3 50 to $
Awru.-A femde.il{ d3wth ther
tongues hbeen horQ in Iowa. Sonr
poor dev!leIdetfl W* f'yar, to I
tm5lebenIlha....
llnskilt ill Winr ti llomen.
\ir 1'iOkn, at the ClOse of a I''cont.
l'cur on war addilrei to the ll"vtal
-i tI i1i ta ' C o lb-11 1r; \. W lw ic h , m -Id u 1.h e
follow ing relmarlks to th'; ladiea present :
"You flin y wond"r, p' hap s, that I have
Yet truly, if it mil h,t he, I, for one,
twenil 1 f:ain join tIe rale:lb'n (if hamner
strokes that. !ho db beat. swor'ds into
iiOil y1hl:1ir"'s ; it1d tIhat, this Caiinot be,
k not the Iiit. of 1l moll. It i.3 vour
fitult. \ .)')l1y y'1urrt. ()1nl\ y y 'our
comt111ntiu, or by your per1.Vmon, can
alny out ! t take pl:ci. n'ni,t'g I. A nd
tlh' r-al, lial r'a Iin fr)I all th povert v,
tmiwt'ry;,m rad r'age of hatil' thliroighout
I1,rope is simply 1ha1lt. y'in women,
howtever gooil and religimi,. however
.-l sacnlficinig for tlhose whom von love,
s are too selti,hi anl too thoughtless to
a take pains for any crenatire out of your
Siimiiate cirtles. Y'1u fancy that Volt
are sorrv for iher pains of othets. Nov,
n I jtult tell von this ; tat if tlhe usu 1
conr;t' - Of w ar, ii.,t oad of tinroofiiig
tl pIeaai:int.t' hon'e' t"'l ri%'Viigin'i .a 'iii s'
li.I1'i, m rn 1r.y br'"l1r t-.;u.i: 1 it" c,w n
drawCm i'.roon t:b, o -. vil
it eol'ltries w oll' l.i t it " e '. I t.ll { ,it
t more ; that. at "h ver m'eit yon
v choww to, puIt a pIod11'1 to wa:r, von
I 'onihl do it. wv h Is.; irmll' Il n von
" take any dhay to g- out to dinnir. Yot
r kinow, or at list yio might lnow, if
ymu would think, that ever'y hau11' youi
I eIr cf hias imadi many orplim aiul
wid''ws. \W0 hav6 r.ne of its henrt
tluimmgh Itruily to iourn with the! ,e ; but,
at lea,'t, wei' iiight. put. on the oiter3"vi
h bol1 of monrniing with them. Let but
eve'ry Christiati ly,v who has a con
-science toward God vow that she will
mourn, at. le;ast oitlwnrdhI, for his killed
(. creatires. Y our p.rayiig is nsetluss,
and yoir elli rilh goiig uere mt.1t";ierv of
r God, ify >)i !ave nu' pIain1 o'edience in
c .vont t.o vou consci"nce. Tn't,"very lad v
if the itn,ppy1 clh"- of' civi!i''d Nirope
simliy vow thai, wh"ilo ny\" cruel war
pr'oced'1, she will wear b ledl--a imnte'3
Ic bhlck-w\\"ithl no j1'wel, no ornalmenit,
no I XCINO for al iivasion into lrettiness.
C I tell von again. no war would last a,
eek."- ( Zr i.
A The Ncw York Trihueie nld North Caro
linn.
g Who would have thought. of finding
1, the following in I he colutnns of the New
I, York Tr"ihune ? Its special Washing.
ton correspoide'nt writes:
"The mafnner in which partisan teln.
grtis from the South have been mann
fali ured and i puilished im the North, to
s further the personal designs of inscrnpu
lons and ambitions men, was well shtown
r'np mn the developments brought out in
relerence to the Waphingt.on Chronic/o
Y during the progrels of the recent Georgia.
s itivestigat ion. The a me gianin is now
goinltr on in connection with the inter
r' nal nllisn of other Sonthorn States. It
is believed that, thu ensuing elections
s in the South will result, in some instan,
Y cep, not perhaps in the defeat of tho
1 Repulican party, but in defeat of cor
h tain in dividuals who are and have been
using thit party us a moans to their
own s:'lfish advnncenent. Foreseeing
ths the effort is to get up an excuse to
declare martial la w, am local new.spa.
pers in tho tnt'rest of the m"n al'n'led
to are teemnitng with accounts of ontrages.
'lThis is pariticitiarly uste caise ini N or'th
ii Catrohina, and no emprise need he felt at
"ia daily dish of horrors from that Stato,
- served up in the (!hronicle', 'for,' said
one of N orth CIarohnair Senastors, 'we
mutst get thostio siiatemtisl. dliJseminailted
throngh lie North.'"
JlThe "ccrtaiin indi viamlq who are
Scharged with using thec Repulicant pnrty
at the South to ad vance* their own selflish
g ends aro Bullock, of Georgia, nud
-Ilolden, of North Carolina, and I heir
Sfollowers. TIhe allusion :.o theo Washi
Singtorn Chronicle relates to the ariticles
Vpublished by Bullock in that mercenary
sheet, andc for which he paid threo price
s above the ordimary advertising terms.
ullock's account. of the coinditioi of
0 Georgia is well known to be a tissue of'
failsehoodq, goten tip for the putrpose of
operatimg otn tongrees. Hohlen's re
r cent mnlIifes5to concerning Ku.KhIIr
ontrages in North Carolhia is of the
siamre stamup.
r
a FiESr~ Ojt I1oRi%.dt.-'' Jomtlltnal of'
v Chemistry gives the followii.g as i.
a preventive of horses being tenped byr
flies:
Take two or three an ha'ndfula of'
r waIlnil leaves, Uponl wiiich pour two or
e three quarts of cold wvater; let t itifuse
o;e night, and pour thie whole neoxt
norning into a kettlhe, and let it bral fo~r
aa qnltrter of an hour. When cold it
Swill bie fit for use. No more is retqunr
7' ed thtan to moisten a sponge, an'd before
e the horse goes out of Ahq utable,; let
0 thiose parts which a most irritable .be
* meared over with the Jiqutor, nainely,
between and upon the ears,, the neck,
0 the flanks, etc.. Not only thugnltin
'or latdy who ridus ou fu Lor ple.sirr Ij
' eriverpleasure fron I.be *nltut 'leav
e thus )grepared, but the go~hivqa h
r wagoner, arnd all othera naot tI
' 4irinmg thie hot month~
a Phldep i(re'v f
isnot tre tiat Mr4 )jne91 it ~ re;'
0 Lhe pensionl,yoQil to tr. byv
0 arid ~sewR.nly' - edvocAtedA~'
ie Grat." .Mrs IAcohl ft114nld~