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" Tl Desportes, Williams & Co., Proprietors.] A Family Paper, Devoted to Science, Art, ihquiry, Industry and Literature. [Terms---$300 per Annum, In Advance. VOL. V.] WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, A UGUST 10, 1870. [NO. THE FAIRFIELD HERALD Is PUBI.TS1ED WEEKLY BY DESPORIES. WILLIAMS & CO erm-ma-Ttvs IRRALD is published Week In the Town of Winnsboro, at 33.00 in 5araably in advance. S' All transient advertisements to be paid in advanco. Obituary Notices and Tributes $1.00 per squtare. Address of Major T. W. Woodward bibre the Fairfield Agricultural Society. Ma. Passitstar :-It may be truthful ly asserted that tho Agricultural prosperity of a country is not only the true measure of its civilization, but I believe that the stability of its laws are oven doel endent up on the successful tillage of its soil. What ever, therefore, have been the excellencies of a people, be they either of a mercaut.ilo or manufacturing character, it is mainly to science as applied to the tillage of its soil that we must look for the permanency of its institutions, and for the material pros. perity of its community. Nations have arisen that from peculiar maratime a-lvan. tages have controlled the commerce of the world and been bloated wit Ih the treasures and luxuries of foreign climes ; but whole some laws., good morals, genuine liberty and real prosperity, have remained to that peon p!e whose worship has been nost. constant at the shrine of Cores. It is then emi nently proper, that this people barely re covering from the overthrows of its every interest, industry and institution, should again assume the upright forms of men, and shaking off that strange antl unaccouut table lethargy that. has enveloped them as a pall,-reach for the redemption and control of its agriculturrl interests. The rude and primitive implements to he seen in the fields-the care-worn and poverty stricken mules ani oxen to be met upon the high ways, the dilapidated condition of houses and fences, admonish us that the barbarian in power has not alone exerted his influ ence upon our laws and morals. The hiessings of agriculture are indeed, hbalhhful to the morals and prosperity of a counatry ; but, the abuses are no less inju rious and are equally worthy of our serious consideration ; and it is proposed upon this occasion to trettt of, a few of its ubusts and our ability to control them. The first material impediment in the way of anything like a gradual improvement in the texture of our soils. is the pernicious practice of allowing ourselves forced fairly and squarely into copartnership with a race mentally. morally and physically be neath us. there is a degradation in the ilea that saps the found:ton of the fabrin of pubho-sentinent heretofore : and a re versal of the practical experience of the world in every -branch of industry, from the days of tdam the first agriculturalist, to the present time. Do the laborers of Mr. Sprague. thong i of his own color, dare to claim a share in his factory ? Do the mechanios of th,s North demandl a share in the fees of the cent, actor ? Do the labor ers in Europe or anywhere else demand ti'nt a copartnership shall be ertablished before they go to work ? I say not. The cropping system nuw in vogue amongst us, I care not what may be the nature of your contrAct-not only estab lishes a coparinershtp, but does indirectly authorise the negroe to use his judgment in the management of the crop. In all other avocations and in all other countries, a man has the figjgtof pelectiog his own partn@rs. here, it is only necessary that the League shall issue qn pdict and straightway there is no more hiring - for 'wages. Any planter who will for -a deries of years pursue the eystem of cropping now practiced by al most all of us, must In the end find himself a poor man with an itnpoveribhed planta. tion. Before the n-ar I have hauled out. na many as six hundred four horse loads of oompost. I now use the actual droppings of the animals'and no more, and, the reason is obvious ;-hands laboring for a part, of the crop, object to.asny.outside work whatever. and, espoe ally to this thsing of hattling in litter from the woods ; for it, not only addst nothing to ths'growihg crop, but they ftrgue that they may not reside lpesd thme place the next year, and will,. therefore, reaip no ad. vantage wh,tever. When you refieet that the negroe tna a class, has not the remotest conceytlon of the ,ohligations of cent racts, and that all lit. ideas of political economy oedet to hims onlg se they r-each his present, individual ease,,!-his reasoning is not bad. Thte fault, then Is yours, and mtust, be correted by you. I see no reason why the rnegroe shall not occupy tlte position of the labos-r ef the North and of all other parts of' th., world in this quecstion of the general states of capital and labor. Sir', it is too true that, thte agrIculture of this 8,at,e Is being consignesd into t,me hands of the negroes. Welhave been forced to submit to his Ideas of -taxes and of laws, but we are tamely anud Evolunstarily tutrnir.g over to hiin ti ast grand bulwark of clv ~lisation that s)hould hAye, peen )pft as an 4h4yttance to thh hobid ren of white men. Whete Ih the nope 'for th'e f\uture redeamp.. ten 'f this l&nd. If wtrei depoen~Iant u pon the agrieultural'ideas of' the -negro. ; npt osaly for our daily breed, but for our ari. pies of experg I Til solence of agrieplture simple as it Is of pos,d to be, has cosi the Wotld heudersde o years dr the toll and ,thought of itd best menuand ablss minds. bin addIttont to the esbove, there is now lit le or no I.,terval between the laying by of te crop.. and the corpmencement of the gathering of it as was tbe ease In those godold dags'of 4istenidstc labor. Then. *O had time to haul: trash for barn yasrd .hd stables; clear lands clean fence corners and repaitr.buildiggs ; gow.under the crop ping,systeni, ,we .wage an inglorlius con test with Oen. 4reen from trhe timne of plans tldg till thitistlinA - rop ' Admoiuishes us that It is time to put it beyond the reach of rogues. There It*enother objection to this feroppiit syste'm. and it. ls this ; laborers ,Who foy~rQ a pAr of the crop are usually lrl to afut-mlnh thems lye'. y that is: an individttel bhoihas htither bread, meda, *utedy sns' bredit, ihW-pedted to feed and eletb hlmsgelf as'nd perhmape a-lAr'ge faasily. This Inyolvesqpne of Awp eontinganaies, he g2pPtithpr steal. (and many a sppor swinp, ,hep,qnd gow4oes sffer, )bt- he mWi't ytoW11 amoel,iho, if h'd IA not an etnidi IA theretty furMulhed' tvIth as pretek'for tthsorblng his years wages,.or it he is an hsoest IEnt ansd Is. happeos to he a' poor.ct-rr.year like las'. y"ar, for Instance. ~e is nothing made, bselooseshis ad i nd 'lRas th6~ atbsaaonh df seeiwng tuoerdepatatt hen4iof the year-In his dent, I know nirn who,ha,e loss tihan $500 last year myself in this way, ani have lost more or less every year by it sine freedom. Tio immense amounts of higl priced and freqtently spurious ar.icles u otinmercal fertilizers that have inundato the cottuntry since the war, demonstrato III diflicultles,-the impossibilitles of nianufne turing under this system ; that most value he, most lasting of all manures that. I hav tried; the barn yard, cow pen and stabi compost. It is no uncommon sight to se lands that have been redeemed from utte barrenness by the use of these compost which for a eeriea of years demonstrate< the nermaneney of its improvement by re munorative crops, but I have seen no suel effects from the use of commercial manure alone, showr little effcet,for the second (rol and I don't hesitate to say that the increas ed productions in my crops of '68 '609 aid di i.ot. repay the considterablo outlay of cash fo the'it, nor, do I believe that a fair stat.e ment for the District for these years wouh make a better showing. They (1o pay witl good seasons but are too high priced. Th system of copartnership cropsping: is there fore, detrimental to the agricultural inter es:s of tho South, and we must adopt an other plan. The pruetioe of renting lands to negroe is also an abuseo. Rented lands and hire' horses, under my observation, are nevei improved. The first and greatest care o a laud owner should ie the judiious ar rangement of his rows with a view to tht prevention of waushitg. It is usolesr to ap ply tmatture of any kind if your rows ruts t and down hill so that the water holding it solution the very cream of your soil runi down to an already enriched valley, or as ii often the case, the manure itself is swep out and born upon tlie bosom of the torret to the sea. I believe that the whole plat for the future nprieultural reden,ption o this State, if not of the South, is centered it this one idea, of level rows. If I have at tained any success as a farmer, or hav atoned for tihe destruction of 237 acres o original forest, the fairest of the land. i has been by an effort to preserve It in it virgin purity-by level rows; and it is t< be seen to day, not in a state of perfect pre servation, it is true, but I will challenge th District. to show a field of tle same size, li years old, with as few gullies. I have scen more titality swept awn, by one rain storm than could bereplaced bh years of scientific manuring accompanie by at judicious rotation of crops; and know of nothing more discouraging to th< farmer th.ta to have lands upon which h has bestowed extra preparation, torn mt gullies and born away to enrich his neigh bors bottoms. It is then essentially impor tant that this general land wasting shout he prevented if possible; for unless It bi stopped the next decade must find its as thI present. letves its, with poorer lands thon w, lad before. Whilst (as stated before) n e,rerience was not as satisfactory as wa! desirable. still I have - aceomplish-d muel in the preservation of my latlda. The eye tetm pursued is the old plan that has beet practiced for years by Oeorgia and Souti Carolina farmers, of running a guide rot with a rafter level, which can be done hi any one, for you havo no care as to whor the row will lead, as the level is indicatet by the instrument, anter this you lay of with the 1low for 20 or 30 yards upon cac side of the gnile row other rows. and a soon as you find that tle surfoco of th< land is changing and that. in consequenci you are loosing your level -go 80 or 4( yards farther up or down as the case ma; be, run another guide row, and keep repeat ing the process till you have finished tht field-fill with short rows any places wher the parallels do not coincide. This is th whole process, and the job once done is at : ays t.here, for if the lands be sown in smal grain'even, the wator furrows are on han for another years operation. Many person combine the level plan with a sysietn o hillside ditching which I think if properl; done adds materially to the preservation Although I believe that more land in lb hills of Fairfield has been ruited by ti improper grade anti location of ditches thai has been lost by the want, of them. 1 sound judgment must decide the locatioi and fall of ditches for each separate field w.th thse general precat ions, viz: mk yotii dit ches tas short as possible, nndl atwny empty the water up the valley. The dit ing is dlone with tihe same rafter level itse< for the rows, but Is arrangerd to show th fall as well as theolevel, a faloftfrom 2) to 8 inches Ip 15 feet, being given accordingi the nature of the soil, sandy lands requit ing inore fall than elay. In connection w'i horozontaling, I made observations for twi years.t.o ascertain the number of washin rains that fell during the year, and the ret st,t was that ahnutt one in twetity only ar abundant enottgh to satunrate the soil th,i Istdeeply plowed and fill the rows sufficoient ly for waishiing. This then Is a savinig wet thy the experiment of the pitantor, tand hi will often sea the advantage of tevel row eveti for retaining the water that woult othterwise trun off and not bq used by th plants ;.-.where rows run up and down hilte any rain that rutns carrIes off land. Wher' your lands ate rent ed you may expect litti 'horhzontalising, )ess of anaythaing hkea syt tomatic rotation of crops, and absulutel; none of thamt, general care of building,l fenicing, gatus, &o., so necessary for th proper keeping up of thme place, The present idea of planting largely c eotton and little or no grain is an agrioul l,ural habusqi, a disastrouit abuse, and on peculiar to whIte meen. It was prophesie amonget. many other 19ise sayings by th aboiitionists, that unader the system of fre labor the fields of the South would teot with an abutidaneo heretofore unknown that all our products would be at heas doubled as aeon as this inill stone of slaver was removed from around our necks, and is a most remarkable fact t,bat the whol South has hent its energies to the fulfitlmen of ti stupId sitying,'so;far as cotton I concernsed, (and, itals is the only crop this ben'efftteYAnkee) abd, tre now find hit counting cufr bales ahd poIntIng'out to hi people the great, service that has beeit rer tieted uby this aIo'st, ilainous theft ant meyellee (oy'uelty thathbal ver l seu perpe trated ppotn ay people. We of ta Bouti know more of. ase negro labor than' evel 'Wse itin of .the North, and bindt of .ug ar densoiote thiat a fe# 'mere,t'ears of thi gaeudo prousperity and the otnuntry Iqade. undoe. .If- afy psan .denbhis,, I ll ,shoa ehj fhgtres obta')ned froms Mr. Creigh'l, db *,nt.aent ut (bhI plaeo, and I askc liie al t ei wh'tst Iread it statement. tadeived at, Winnishoro Depot from Jul; -l1t. 869' to July let, 1870 u 17,272 IBti. fiorn, $101,271.6 .5 i7. lhds, 'Thicn, 8,2. 2,%8 Saeks Floitr, 1i1.872 0 S,741 flhli, do 2l,I608 1,005 1H4h6w 'Iky1 7;682.0 42 Tons Guano, 81tO60A( $269.898.f ii Add the per cont. clhnrg'l for ermlit. :1ol o the amuount of $3t .01rt,01( will he w:or thssan a reached. Leave out the t1rt'lizers anwl thero f is a lax upott the linricultural i..ere is of1 i this vicinit yupot ie fouru . t.icles of coin.ha. e con, fliur an([ hay, $T27. 713 GO. I t-collet .I hat large supplil"s of the above namei :rli Sclesare received at loko,lti:lgerny.Youngs u ville and Blackstocks, and ul.cn the otler e side of the lDistrict. at. Alston. Lyles' Ford a and Shelton's and computing that all thcso r only obtain as muh its WYinnAsboro, we have s of corn imported 13-4,56 11us.e of baconl I 10:3.1 hhds , of iloar 1,900 sacks, of hay 3,931 hales, comtneent'iIt 11antres 81h ts ons; a fill of wlich lti fair C6i1intit1es. nan1oItants to the enormi on't s m111 o 1 a,0.f). Upon the other hand t :in furnlished from the sane sourco with the f,:llowint state 1int. of cotton shppe"l from Wiinnshiro " during the saenc pertoil, viz : 58-1 ta Iles. allowing as was tiono in regard to Itmpori.s that all the other depots sl.ip a3 nalct, ant we have for the crop of the I)istriot. 11,083 3 bale:. If' it is true that cotton has been hauled to Columbia in wagons, it is also true that considerable amounts of supplies have been, and are being received fromr there in the same way ; besides I know of large amounts of cotton that have been sent from 1 adjoining Districts and sold herl: for the -'purpose ef evading liens. Eleven Ihonsa't.l r six Iundre-l and eighiytcight hales at $80. gives .93 i,010 for the crop. Frot this dc. Sduet the amotiot rendered above $l;0r:.00l)1 Ind1 we Iave I3l35,l r'e:aiing ; (tt et n I'ch milln) sl ,.1p '.nl n in iIle reYrs of tile Jill iathl(roIsts. must he atllotwed flie ste11l. ings of :icot t til is Iting, wetr ttl tcar t inld, price and ulsage of mnnles, hi1"e of labor'crs, blitksm.ths hills, tools atl im.. p plemaents, ilert t on tioey inavesttd in ltnd., repairs of ftencing and builings, cost of living for pl ate:' atil iitnily, dov tors hills, lawyers lees, stealings n1d ng graataions of negroes, legislatoirs who al tend at six dollars a dlay, ::l legislators r who do not. attetd, at six dollars p.ir day, and numuicl'tts other incidentals; :11rl vol will see that. th(9 great huon oft free laihor bestowed upon us by Ytnkue land is gnale in keeping witht tlhe char iter of p.re"ents usually muade by them. The Unitod States agriculturtl statistics fiot 15863 gives to thi. District. 19,771) bales. liere is a filling oil worthty of noto even if our expen--es were as little as then. The 1)istriot ol an nyer I ago does not tjake 5 bales to tle hors-', but. let us make a c:sual ealctlaltio at the es titate. A mule COSL $15t), the ;'nerest on which is $15. ''he rule in the time of slavery was to allow Iwo 11Ids to the mule wort h now $100 a piece, a n"l flnnd,-finding is worth for the two, 2U0 bushels of corn at I , 2, and 312 Ibs. bacon att 25 cents--$130. s The mle if ho eats only 40 hushels of 3 orn and 3000 lbs. of lr.y at $2 will cost " you $140; and the wear and tear of your land, say 20 acres more or less is worl.h $2 t per acre, $40. The money invested in 20 t acres worth $10 per ncro at 10 per cent is $'20 morn. t Now for the statement.: Interest on non a e y patid for mulo $1 5 It. reqjaures n1w t. S/eost three hands to do the work of twr , horetofor.., hence we have f'or hire and find t Ing of three hands $190. Feeding mule I $1.10, wear and tear of land $P?. interest I' ( on tantsey invetled in lintd $2t), plows, hes, I , $12. bun his tip and the econottie:tl a little atount of' $722 is obtained, at cost of $144.40 cents per per hag for raising, which st just 31 and 1.10 cents per pound estimated 100 lbs. to the bale. It is true , that there is manide by tnost of us a little fodder, corn, pens, potatoes, oats, &o., 3 which if they were sold would reduce the 3 amount. to about. 30ots per lb. If this is 3 not a fair estimate it. is not because I have - not, tried to make one, and if you choose to 1 double it and say that 10 bales are raised 1 instead of five, by those who raise all cot. ton It '+till costs over 16 Cents per pound. f ind yeit ietru is a ontest. amongsti us for , this ylorious pritdeye, which anakes us so jealous 'f eala ofther that. we cannot be - trusted in a cotmbination for ('te amtetiora. 3 tion of our dillictties even after wc have t pledged our honor by a rising vote in this L Court House. I Is it ncessnry gentlemen that I shall go further into the ahses of agriculture ? a Thlre are ot hers but, I htave certin iily enu.. s meritedi enough for' (ur cosieatiii'tton at . this timei. Let Ius look tabot its fot' a remo-e I dy for those aircadry nlludedl to ; fir'sl, for a e oeure to the pract i.-e of cropping on shrare's or copartniershaip farming. Thtis vile at'. a rangemnent was first forcedl upon uas b)y theo -Freedmtan's liatreau and htas since been per Spetuated by Labor Conveitions antd Union 3 League. Th'Ie remtedy Is exceedingly simt. g pIe, it cnsists solely inl a detrmnatiion to -bear witht It. no loniger ; atI if thet negro 3 without..itn otunce of pr1ovisionas or ait ace t of lanid to staand upo)in does not, hiesitatte to) -meet in conventionan- esttab5I1lisht rates of Ia hire and conditions of service, I see tno trea a son why we throtugh otur Agricutur aial klo 5 cities may not say to him event an kiand 1 'ness, sirs: youir requtiremeints ar'o niot con.' a sistenat wvith ouar idens of whaat is condtutcive ,to the good of agr'icualture and we conIsidler a ourselves entitled for thiifir'st timte to niot int e acecordaance with the dietaites of oner 0on -solennens, Ti aucomaplishies onar abjet and y does it in tinlie to make thae yeiar's crop on , other terms, for If we are In earnest Jann-. e ary and Febrtuary will Ounufltnor his provl sions5 and like the tearrapina with fire on his t back, you will find him moving off' ho work in - good tIme to make a cr01); 1Ilhink a Wiser e and better being, I advocate no measurn' of 1 prosorlpt ion ttpon any portiont of our po a plo by any othe~r portlonI of te people, for e thIe severial reasorns, I hat. I taeitherct considor' i It wise, jitst, humane, nor enlightened o (do - so, but. all thte living and all the writ teat t wisdom of the worbhi sanctions certain y moneatures' of' polf-defencee and even of t retaliat Ion as rIght end necessary for the~ e proteotion of rightls. g t lf I have ofi'ee- no agricutltulral reasons s whty lands should not be reiited to negroes I promiscuaoutsly, I would have yott not dio It a for polltloal puirposes. So far as my ob a servation extend(s the favors sInce thin war have all been tupont one side, If he wants i t,o tent lands, hity a tule, obhtalin provisIonsI or any other favor's he comes Io you his old Il masteist s'n the majo'rity of inetapoeb a gets 'whAt, he wants, but If you ask him e eineply-to help'yoau oust a dishaonest carp'et. s bagger for a despicable seallawag from' an ii ofiee througt whioh he Is preyIng upon thte v- vItals of the whole oonry, he considers a your request unreasonabhe and turns a deaf ear. Yo1. 'hae 'snfilently demion'trated yotur inclinatin to be frIendly to these pso.. pIe, an. I think it, titne that a returning sense of duty upotn their parts i.f,they haaio 0 any, or esneet anay, should promtuf therun to 0 descn h'om that pinnacle of folly ereeted. I) by teir own2 spIidity and the cotiaiels (if 0) bad men, arid VSast-tls Ilpn Ofl6 grard|pit 0 form 'upon -whioh we eau-,all standl, a olat.. 0 tJoun whose #rst plank,.and flst plank, and - only pltank, is honest. mep for offiee 11o a nartaly has an ablMhng COnfdnc i the 1orh :1Ai of tie wile inl when he sup po,es I '- sre:us i do, Ilh:it %c, are forover to (ndlure his 1.4111nv, Ihreals and 01 sy i temn ant; co lbiu, ions foI ilt) i110dinlfg of 0ur' cervr interest. and >"e!! rent ima h,a ds atnd go into r:l'tne(rship upon "terms mnade in Union Leagues. Wtiat's banu+t for I hie goose is auce for thel gn.,der, aine I ndvise that lieni ef'orth we meet him in 'precisely th' samne spirit exhibited upon hile part. The remedy for my third And Ins.I nhus.. of agricltlire Is no more difioult I hn the otheri, perhaps even les4 so, fur like m.4 av viol, ti ns nf the lawst' that gl)v'rn it ephysi Cal organiiizationl it lteaches tisdomtn by the ills it Cntai's. lliight wit is bevl, bil wiih ai Ir1 .t erop of Cat (iii al e-Illik.-ili-n ly l'w figures and liens to oiren pavtu('ini for gi no, h"c,h1on. 'Ity, Ir n "n' lns, ilit,elnl('llrl, as g:ur, eofF.,e, mtoh: ses, skuesi, dIry g.o1.ts au-"! Ul' nwy other Ihings nil bought. upnn a ,:red:t and. c ei-"e(Ini ly it high priers; I fr genlSn,'n. t11:4I the price paid for it will prove too dear for nny, very itany of utS. 1 , 4m 1ne fit Ihove w ho believe that manl (lillerr iainly fromn I he "ther anitlIs in proportion to the exercise of his will aver ihings and circnmstan ces. Unprive lim of volition cither for gosd or bad par". pmses and what. is lie more than Ih( cutr that yelps in your slrio.e or ile wori 111t rirawi s bi'nen'h the sod. Endow him wilh w'ill, an1dl what canno. ie accomplish ? what - h lie not accoiplished ? The hi.:.ory of tie worbl is r( plele with lIho nighly tehievements of men of strong willr. Let n Ihen ro:olte to plant largely of corn, wrht:t. nts, rye 0n even of clover nnl Iall 1t lher of Ihe Cr'ps oftroots, pllnts and grain o ,hich nur (lima tte,t a soil i ad.pt ed, an[ Iby selecting O 1r' best lands .:nd thI ereby lo - lu,ing the acreage in c:ltivaltion we catn Lolcetr" ite 04' till:ige. manuros, an( eller ~ie . I ha ll bw4n a1mitken poh t to scaell'r nor manures over so 11lrge a 14s laco 1t41 one u.ually telrctel on4 ae coinni of its barr(enness. It is murieh e'ier Io k.:> pli, the f."rtilily of a piece of land alre.i('t g~od, tha l0 revive tho onergies of' lin exhauste't soil. If I tnistake not, cation hlis sol' for as high as -1) cenls in gild in this town ; it can he hrouglht back( to thati figuro Au in ., re:1clh it before we nltnin any considerab,le mensore of prosperity by the present sys. Item of1 labor, that, imp:ede'; otur Ugriculluratl prolgrew, tor- he'ore w'.e can in' po:ud prompt ly to the e'xhorbiltuat dem."ds of i govr'n nwent, 1.1.5 per cent of wh,s. legislators, vise amen. 14nn-1 coili,;ll1I''q, are i~aornut negro Iiieve'. h:it.Irdizel hybriids :And 'espic: ble seo,l,+ I'u l fnom other State", and spoon or wo of m a0' ) fromt am ong uts. I !;ate not with wha: Iarglnente in ref"erence to increaQ'ed po101tions from India, I'gypt, and elsewhere you comb t, Ilhe propogi. 1ion ; uI mintain that it' We' re losing t,ton. oy, ruining our 1":nds, nAt degrading our. selves ns I have provcn, it is our duty even to quit the producti'm of -(ton altogether and turn eur lat:i,1onu to'bers fihing-,. Leaving to Englaul lie mouno~poly to which in enlightened agricultural statesmanship rind a general benevolence towards her whole Ipeople so prcenmin en4ly enlilers her. What can be the motlive that, wil, prompt us to pur.-Sao 4141 agrir.ulitutl plan that simply mnlhes us$ to ilmrei be corn :Ind bacon fromt our iestroyers ? Por 4ne with (od's help I intend so fIll as in me lies to bid gool-byo Io his corn aller Ihis year, and if' we caln Ihis F:ll elect. a Uovernor whose presence amongst us loes emhollen hog-rogues, 1 intend again 1o raise i4y own m4ent., There is alnot her duty of the ngricultural ist which although not, directly connected with the tillage of the soil, is nteverttheless gerintii to the sub jeat, au-l is not inappro. prialely introdooed even in an agricult.i'al society. I have always thonght. and said that tlhe f:rm'ers of the St110te had it it: their power to remedy many of the ills of govern, mintnt with which we have been ovorvwheln. eli. it l stiil mny opintion Ohat with tile exercise of' a li Ile will, we even at this lits, day c.an demnstr'a"te in tlio scoundrels who are stirring the minds of lie negro. his and teir iuignifioance and u4er dependence upon our fotboarance. Take tie subject of nxntaion for instance. The colored Rnge who does most of the corn'elling in these parts tells his peoplo that there i4 n0 neces litly that thelir indstl should be exorcised upon11 the suiicot oIf taxes, as they have nothing to pay 44n, anid all (lie taxes conme out of white menCt's pickoe, wIhereupon 1,.hey r'easonuIl tusly :If ilpy no Inami I am14 cot tainrly little concerned about 11hes1e steal. lngs that I hear of, anetl as t hey are not1 putting iteir hiandIs into my pocket and are maoreov'er myl be'st fi'ieiids, I don't car'o if' they 410 maklle a little oIl' theo "bucA'ra." WVe haive it11 inour power' to malike thom pay heavIly of' taxes and ini such1 a wnly that. 1the moBt. Ignorant of them (4a1n feel it. This is my plan0, 41(1 doexactly3 whatt ho hais done have concer14t of ac(tion4, and1. agree that in coni sideroation of the fa.'t thait. WO are making littIcelor nioth4ing by farmziing we cannot nl'or'd to give hut $50 as hire where we ar'o 14 . d painig $100. I am aware that, the plan is fraulight Iwith some11 ditliculties and thait t he negro has 1)een4 told t hat thle whIte roan cou111li ol. exist.,4 a nor without his labor, but each and every one knew to the editrvary, and If even a mawjo.rity of farmuers go into ain airranigemenit to athis efct,'o.ho must succumb and that so tIpeedlily that there wvill not be a 10oss of' even one orop. Des. porat e diseases requtire prompt remnedlIos, and I proclaim It. hier'e II.day (liat If' there is a wlhe tuian wYithlin tho sountd of' my voice who jus not willing 10 look his planta. lion up for one yoar', i' uneedls be0, to get rid of t ho "tanglement"l so indudstrioutsly being pliedc by t1( hat d/istgishd 4th of' July or'a. tor to whom I have alluded ; In my opinion, lie Is certlainly no:. 10uch1 unocomrmode:db it. It is a sore anid speedy solti on of the dIreadIfIl enigma that mystiles our people. Why shioiuld we hesitate to hiasten thie most drended conseqtuences that could follow such1 a course. Are noet the ometcals of the Stato plotling for the uatter desitruction of every honest man anid d(centl sentIment ? Are you not rulled over by a man whose characet'r i' sov~I4 atid wholstoffIoiail niursa 11444 been so Infamous 1that lhe canniot asso. eiate tupon' terrn: of Intimacy wit h one sin. gle solitary full blooded Carolina gentle man ? Why. the*n sho'uld .we hesitato to seize tapon 4evea remiote; probabIlIties th'at arti calcalaiad to remove thie tortures under which we wrihe? I Hu,s he not turnett ble bachV upor all ass->oIai'ans of' whIte mon exn o'ept zuoh a, leagued with hing Ii his .pe. lationc and.vhilaI1is ? l' i hepot. afr.ey hn4fig received yours, the 'first, ~eoipany organIzed Inl the lulstrict In a6cordance with the requirements of the militia hill ma~de by hIs' owni vlle: Ltwislatt:re. ,thi' very nor; day, ' the hiddhing of 'Jubl il a. iid Barber,3'4IwI 1i i.'at and 'rfendly negr)es ' ogfnly vij'. th la s that1140 he~ has sworn,to utp port and r'ef'use your organIizationui ? Anad why ?" Ileonfs ynou. were hotL mefh 'iff'n Woultd-ot, hold hi:rm 1.n hi petrpose of' phto-, d er. iIns he not.nonae vur fe. i t,ho- an.re voun:teer Co p ny' at your own expense ? .1ni 'yt y t"'idt nf ".his the streets and high. iv " " . r :t w:l:. '"I % bristling bayonets of bi i Iwl";: n., , iilti:t. 'he roads are red with r r.- '"r I w o i .ys nfttr their conflicts wilth onIO ;t:hvi.r 'ie rest of your women nn"I ?" I'.- ist ." 4,t-n, both in your town nlt fIr t:i.,': in the surrounding country by th ' : 'e:a! :it: of tiheir midnilght Jrumis A' I 1'. 6 i4 I ague ~ itherings. Is it not an m: irovcrtible fact Il,t he has furnished the tio rnes ithro'ighout the lengiI and tbrei il-l of our State with rifles and ball c rfrale'+ whils lie has scrupulously kept themirn 1. f-the I.an".1 of whito men ? Show ing. ilh it he il U'Ierel lthe true sentiments of his liean t when he a-luded to the Winl. chef eril t ill i i:s W:t,ihinrtton speech as the ari'er of tie jis :es between us. Men of Carolifna I would not uniecesarily stir the proud< b'ooi which flows now so qietly in the veints of every trite son of I lli' i 'te. These at e not 'ines tiat men Eiihoni he led by their J>npiois. The rea son and forbenrancp of cool heads and hal ancell ninis st"ild be allowed full sway. l'r"lence ahoiul temper our every ant, but it h:s ever been and is now Iy opinion that these hell born reonstr 0tion nOts brought upon n"+ by the blood of A nricans would leave s its they came upon us with the tlis. approval of the Amnerican people written in oharecters of blood all over their infamous pages. In the meantimne, therefore, I see no impropriety )r violation of law In arming yourselve:t, I seo no reason why the goed inen of the country cannot trust thionselves with Winchester rifles too: for, they are as well aware of tlhe teirible consequences thiat nust follow the improper use of them as ignorant and irresponsible negroes - whilst the possession of thetn will enable 1us with fee.ings of maore security to devote ourselves to ihe Avricultural and other naterial infererts of outr State, and await with niore patiilee t he s:lution of this ter rible prohlein which tio-" in lix m ysterious providence is temporarily k"eping frot thii siricken people. Ain y9inrselves. If it takes of the wearing apparel of your wives. an of the bread of your little ones, put it off not another day. Clarges Against Scott. The charges htve been openly and pointedly miade, iand they are general ly believed. There is no man in the State who can read and write, who doe not know that Scott, an Governor, has prostituted his position to specu" lAte in the bunls of the State, and in the bills of the Rink of the State. So much fnr the first charge. If our knowledge is founded on a nistaken interpretation of facts, we have a right to prouounce a verdict of guilty, or to demand a denial of guilt with the proof of innocence. With regard to the recond and third charges we scarcely think that he will dare deny them, and if he does his tetimony should be vary strong to rebut the evidenCe against 1m in posscssion of the people of this State who have watched the course of the man who said on one occasion in Charleston, "I could have been a full Major-Goneral if I had consented to accept a negro division but I would not have anything to do witk them." The fifth charge is the frightful one of being a murderer. Proofs are fur nished by General Butler suffioient to convict before a jury of twelve men, and yet Governor Scott folds his arms end remains silent. The people of the State have a right to demand, and do demand of you, Robert K. Scott, proof that you are innocent of the blood of Randolph. If you can re lnte the testimony there is no man in the State, whether your political ene my or friend, who will not rejoice to know that among the many things in yura career of which we have cause to he ashamecd, the crime of murder cannlot be numbered. IWe have a right to ask if you, the Governor of this State, did so dishon or yourself, your famnily, and the poor deluded people who unfortunately eleotedI you .to the office which you now hold, as to have done the ucts charged in the fourth clause of the indiotmoent. (As to women of ill. ,fame.) WVe have a right to ask you why Leslie, Land Commiissionor, has never beena reported ; wvhy, whoa he threat ened to send you to the penitentiary, ho was allowed to resign, and whetheor it is or is tnt true that you paid hits $'25,000 for his resignation ? TheIi other charges even SQott him self cannot deny. The facts in all, ercept the last, are before the entire State, an1d the last one trsts on the authority of that pure and noble gen tleman Wade Hampton, whose asser tioni we are sure no honest man will dare to e-mtradiet. General Scott, are you guilty or not gusity ?- Couricr. Mr.ssas. Enrrons ;---The truthful T. J. Mackey, in his attack upon Sawyer, (not our funeral) for his agency in the removal of the disabilities of General. Jiutler, refers to the latter as one of| the authors of the Black Code. By referring to the House Journal, page 119, in the vote on the third and final reading of the Bill, atnong thes nays will be found the name of Oe* eral Butler. Maokey knew, or alght have known Abo trash, bost I)p pw versipol of truth setesn pr A Thston man hadvetfises foP I SOt. vant, As ftolows WI nthd A' rs ry Gill. :Nstionalityror reHionMUo aocounat. JVik one hoptr per, day, ,TJ'aken,to' ride.veyy' t on bnso a onIikha~ (TnM3 w N A Terrific Storm--Iimense Loss of Prop crty. One of the most terrific stormn3 thn ever visitvd our city cate upon us yes terday morning and before running it course inflicted damage the amount t which can scarcely be estimated. I was the sevet est storm since Sept.. 18G' A stout breeze from the southen, commenced blowing early in the mort ing and gained intensity as the day ac vaice d,'and blowing signs lter keitei tearing trees up by the root. and breal+ ing down telegraph posts in all p:irts tecity. From 12 until 2 o'clock it blew a pei feet hurricane. The tide rose very rap:11v, reaching it is estimated, fully four feet ab ove hig tide mark before it commeniced to fitl Front, Commerce and Wa ter st reelt were completely submerged, and th, stores in all he lower parts of the cit were under water, and immense lose were incurred among the down tow grocery dealers in damage to stock; The water on Dauphin street reache about 30 feet. above Witter street. MNearrs. Forchei,inner & i,ssnhe. I A. Wenms & Co., Ulrich & Diaard an G. M. Parker were perhaps the lea vie losers by the flood, although nonrl every merchant, on Commi-re an Water atreets--where the stores ar low suffered more or less. It is a clea impossibility to mn'eke even a fiir approx imation of the daomngo fromt this einse. All the down town dealers went t tively to work elevating their good early in the morn ung, and to tiis pre cautionary measure was due the savit of a great deal of property. The att amers Get trude and Mist lrtn at the wharves across thin river. wet torn from their fastenings and blowl over to this side. The Mist -ent alon up the river clear, and finally, aft losing her chimneys, was blowii ashor in the marsh just above the mouth One-Mile c :eek. The Gertrude, however. was less fot t"nate. After crossing over she atrie first the Trairie St ate, then the l1al the Ella May, and the Laura; brok the steamer Arlington from her fastet iigs at the wharf nearly opposite Shil pers' press; lib.rated the threo-mas schooner J. Ricardo Jorda from I hold to the wharf near by the A rling ran into and carried ofra barge lyin along side ofthi stenrn"r J. P. Jacksoi and after losing hr n . r'ar sunk nearly opp,osite th.. .\lerc;hant; press.-Mobile 9 Hbune. The "Whittemlore Party." When such a nan as Whit temore i not only reelected to the place in Cot gress which he disgraced by his co ruption, but is made the proininei figure in a State Convention of his part it is not. hard to see that a dang'rot class of politicians and a debased cond tion of political morals are again uppe most in South Carolina. No fair-mini ed, intelligent American, whatevor I party leanings may be, can have an other feeling than that of disgust for th political chicanery that loads to sie humiliating results, nor should he hay any other language for them than umgin ified condemnation.--Ph/iladclphtia Lt ger. It appears that the cadet-broke Whittemoro took entire charge of di lIeptublican Statie Convention on TIhutrs day hast. It was WV hittemnorewho decide, which of the delegates wvere duly elect ed ; Whittemore who framed the plat form "endorsing P'resident, Grant's at niinistrtation," and W hittemnore who noni inated the candidates for'the coming rae< In one wvord, from its head to its tail the whole Republican party in Stii Carolina was incarnated in thisu convit ted and twice-branded cadet-sellin carpet-bag Congreesmnan ; and so deci ded a prominence oii the heels of hi second rejection by the House seems mndicate that, jus8t in proportion as an; man becomes degraded in generi esbimation, just in that proportion dor lie rise in the estimation of those ric< field an.flragans, wiho form, with som WVhittem->re-ish white men, the Rlepub lican party of South Carolina. TIhi fellow was'driven from the Honse fl ph;iin theft, and his constituentsesent hit hack ; the Honse apurned him from it threshold, and, lo I lie rises still highe in South Carolina Rlepublicaniism, ati from dhe simple Congressman become~ the great htead.cenitre of the part thirougho,ut the Stat e.-New Yor World. TmXA.-It is estimated that ove 100,000 immigrants have entered Tent withini thes last twelve months, and du rine la .December ever 1,500 persori came daily into the State. The cror this summer it is believerd, will6 double those of last year. The hill regior.s of the Western part of theStat are very healthy,,but the persons wht settle on the ld*', iat laods, and uaW th *ath of,the streathairo liable to chill and fevers, and the iohabituant QP .th coast oisisns arsubjct to yellow favel Labir ts in gradi i*in d in the agricu: .&rG1 dT%trie[.ap4farm* hands: r6dei, *rou $J1io,6Qa4 -bomb and thei board. Dnrig thie got,t-*piching eef son they are paid rn $2. Y>0 tot a da sand board N' n- iha itinar journeymen .mglicarqp,ai frpm $3 50 to $ Awru.-A femde.il{ d3wth ther tongues hbeen horQ in Iowa. Sonr poor dev!leIdetfl W* f'yar, to I tm5lebenIlha.... llnskilt ill Winr ti llomen. \ir 1'iOkn, at the ClOse of a I''cont. l'cur on war addilrei to the ll"vtal -i tI i1i ta ' C o lb-11 1r; \. W lw ic h , m -Id u 1.h e follow ing relmarlks to th'; ladiea present : "You flin y wond"r, p' hap s, that I have Yet truly, if it mil h,t he, I, for one, twenil 1 f:ain join tIe rale:lb'n (if hamner strokes that. !ho db beat. swor'ds into iiOil y1hl:1ir"'s ; it1d tIhat, this Caiinot be, k not the Iiit. of 1l moll. It i.3 vour fitult. \ .)')l1y y'1urrt. ()1nl\ y y 'our comt111ntiu, or by your per1.Vmon, can alny out ! t take pl:ci. n'ni,t'g I. A nd tlh' r-al, lial r'a Iin fr)I all th povert v, tmiwt'ry;,m rad r'age of hatil' thliroighout I1,rope is simply 1ha1lt. y'in women, howtever gooil and religimi,. however .-l sacnlficinig for tlhose whom von love, s are too selti,hi anl too thoughtless to a take pains for any crenatire out of your Siimiiate cirtles. Y'1u fancy that Volt are sorrv for iher pains of othets. Nov, n I jtult tell von this ; tat if tlhe usu 1 conr;t' - Of w ar, ii.,t oad of tinroofiiig tl pIeaai:int.t' hon'e' t"'l ri%'Viigin'i .a 'iii s' li.I1'i, m rn 1r.y br'"l1r t-.;u.i: 1 it" c,w n drawCm i'.roon t:b, o -. vil it eol'ltries w oll' l.i t it " e '. I t.ll { ,it t more ; that. at "h ver m'eit yon v choww to, puIt a pIod11'1 to wa:r, von I 'onihl do it. wv h Is.; irmll' Il n von " take any dhay to g- out to dinnir. Yot r kinow, or at list yio might lnow, if ymu would think, that ever'y hau11' youi I eIr cf hias imadi many orplim aiul wid''ws. \W0 hav6 r.ne of its henrt tluimmgh Itruily to iourn with the! ,e ; but, at lea,'t, wei' iiight. put. on the oiter3"vi h bol1 of monrniing with them. Let but eve'ry Christiati ly,v who has a con -science toward God vow that she will mourn, at. le;ast oitlwnrdhI, for his killed (. creatires. Y our p.rayiig is nsetluss, and yoir elli rilh goiig uere mt.1t";ierv of r God, ify >)i !ave nu' pIain1 o'edience in c .vont t.o vou consci"nce. Tn't,"very lad v if the itn,ppy1 clh"- of' civi!i''d Nirope simliy vow thai, wh"ilo ny\" cruel war pr'oced'1, she will wear b ledl--a imnte'3 Ic bhlck-w\\"ithl no j1'wel, no ornalmenit, no I XCINO for al iivasion into lrettiness. C I tell von again. no war would last a, eek."- ( Zr i. A The Ncw York Trihueie nld North Caro linn. g Who would have thought. of finding 1, the following in I he colutnns of the New I, York Tr"ihune ? Its special Washing. ton correspoide'nt writes: "The mafnner in which partisan teln. grtis from the South have been mann fali ured and i puilished im the North, to s further the personal designs of inscrnpu lons and ambitions men, was well shtown r'np mn the developments brought out in relerence to the Waphingt.on Chronic/o Y during the progrels of the recent Georgia. s itivestigat ion. The a me gianin is now goinltr on in connection with the inter r' nal nllisn of other Sonthorn States. It is believed that, thu ensuing elections s in the South will result, in some instan, Y cep, not perhaps in the defeat of tho 1 Repulican party, but in defeat of cor h tain in dividuals who are and have been using thit party us a moans to their own s:'lfish advnncenent. Foreseeing ths the effort is to get up an excuse to declare martial la w, am local new.spa. pers in tho tnt'rest of the m"n al'n'led to are teemnitng with accounts of ontrages. 'lThis is pariticitiarly uste caise ini N or'th ii Catrohina, and no emprise need he felt at "ia daily dish of horrors from that Stato, - served up in the (!hronicle', 'for,' said one of N orth CIarohnair Senastors, 'we mutst get thostio siiatemtisl. dliJseminailted throngh lie North.'" JlThe "ccrtaiin indi viamlq who are Scharged with using thec Repulicant pnrty at the South to ad vance* their own selflish g ends aro Bullock, of Georgia, nud -Ilolden, of North Carolina, and I heir Sfollowers. TIhe allusion :.o theo Washi Singtorn Chronicle relates to the ariticles Vpublished by Bullock in that mercenary sheet, andc for which he paid threo price s above the ordimary advertising terms. ullock's account. of the coinditioi of 0 Georgia is well known to be a tissue of' failsehoodq, goten tip for the putrpose of operatimg otn tongrees. Hohlen's re r cent mnlIifes5to concerning Ku.KhIIr ontrages in North Carolhia is of the siamre stamup. r a FiESr~ Ojt I1oRi%.dt.-'' Jomtlltnal of' v Chemistry gives the followii.g as i. a preventive of horses being tenped byr flies: Take two or three an ha'ndfula of' r waIlnil leaves, Uponl wiiich pour two or e three quarts of cold wvater; let t itifuse o;e night, and pour thie whole neoxt norning into a kettlhe, and let it bral fo~r aa qnltrter of an hour. When cold it Swill bie fit for use. No more is retqunr 7' ed thtan to moisten a sponge, an'd before e the horse goes out of Ahq utable,; let 0 thiose parts which a most irritable .be * meared over with the Jiqutor, nainely, between and upon the ears,, the neck, 0 the flanks, etc.. Not only thugnltin 'or latdy who ridus ou fu Lor ple.sirr Ij ' eriverpleasure fron I.be *nltut 'leav e thus )grepared, but the go~hivqa h r wagoner, arnd all othera naot tI ' 4irinmg thie hot month~ a Phldep i(re'v f isnot tre tiat Mr4 )jne91 it ~ re;' 0 Lhe pensionl,yoQil to tr. byv 0 arid ~sewR.nly' - edvocAtedA~' ie Grat." .Mrs IAcohl ft114nld~