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1esportes, Williams & Co. Proprietors.] A Family Paper, Devoted to Science, Art, Inquiry, Industry and Literature [Terms---$300 por Annum In Advance. VOL,VI V WINNSBORO, S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, J LY 27,1870. [NO. 6 THE PAIRMIELD HERALD t5 TUBL[SBICD WEEKLY BT DESPORTES. WILLIAMS & C4 2tnt,s.-TNsa IsALD I. published Week !ti the Town of Winnsboro, at $3.00 in eareably in aduance. i8Nr All transient. advertisements to b paid in advance. Obituary Iotioee and Tributee $1.00 PS square. 'rgrn Our Own Correspon dent. OAIcAL'aD, OALIroRBNiL, July 12, 1870 1,t. 'EbItOR --Now I will sai aomethihg of the groat Western 01 ant. The eyes of many persons ar< at present tiined towards Californib and. probably an account of the Stat< aid also of the Pacific Rail Road ma' pirVo of interest to ybu. 'It 'day trouse our friends, and stimulate them to renewed exertions to'knov how the world and cspeoiall3 the Western World is striding on The greatest civil and solentifi< abbievement is the Pacific Railroad Stretching with its connections sorosn the entire American Continent; the matin trunk extending three thousani ibiles,'and oou'necting the mnetropolii of the East *ith that of the West and passing through every variety o soil and climate, it is a stupendouu weok worthy of "the most gloriou: country the world ever saw." Fron Saai Francisoo' to Omaha there is bul oup route ; and this is the PacifoRail Rdad proyer. 'the Central Pao>'< eitedds eight hundred miles to Og den. near Great Salt, Lake; and the Udto'n Pdifio donnects this place witi Omn a a th'uaah 4iilds distant. 'Ftot' Oinah'a roads br'anch off iitt every. part of the United States. There are three routes between Oinah and Chicago. The Obicgo & Nortd Western ; the Chioago Rook Islaitd & P.ioifi., and the Chicago, Burlington & Mi.souri; each about five hundred ailea in length. New York is donnected with Chica. go by three great trunks. The Nurth een ry,ute paistag - along the Hudson dpthb Mebawk vallhy, and crosbink the Niagara 8uspension Bridge int. dadada,: returning into the United 8tatig tt Detr,it and traversig the aitrat Oat of Miohigan. The greal E 'iioutb dtder the control of O.uld aid Fi-k, ekieting'the southern bhure of the grea't lakes; and the Allenutov or Pennsylvania ceatral route, passinf through H..rrishurg, Pittsburg, and the mountaius'of Pennsylvania. These three routes are equally good but the former is generally pleferred sInce it passes through' a region con taining some of the most nsi.gnificeni deenery in the world. At present, thi firnt olass tiokets on Express train IdAke the trip in seven or eight days and cost $140 in currency. Seoonc elass farea on the same trains are $110. Persons purchasing the latter ar not illowed the privilege of ob tainig' sleeping berths at night. Foi the use of ednigrants, oars are attach. dd to freight trains making the trip it fifteen days. '~heAe etaigrant tioketi can be purchased fir $60, a little leai than two cents a anile. 'Each express train has a sleepinp ear' attached for the convenience ol travellers. Beetha ean' be 'ptrohased for twe6 doIlars a tight. Besides then trains, there are tho "Hlotel- Ex press' tIfaine, tit,~ Pillinan Palace.didini 6%Id sleepig dbr5 rattehbd, runnn obdg a-*eek 'abd containing everj gdfelble coufivende. Ticket. foi tli'ese,' cost $175 :Ottebitimes a part) of 'tra,eler5 chattets an entire car *artyIfg ~tiMer'olen 'ereants and sup gl b with thein, 4tid living moat lux i y. S eePtilhlie P alace scars are magnifioerit affairs.3 Duting 'the da: they are provide& -with comfortabl< roomy seat.,aprnd tipitiog lounges h thea ar un wih sple tdo 'A r 66m ti Matere atda to fofn dnodious buba ah absaw sabhr aflther is seb i diwarfyon -*beesIiiogt SintIss ae. then- es rasged along the whoie bat~ tina ffa .1pg tae psgeatyq. pttey. ISes deo 'ta1se, g eagh can g1 qO are two stat< tooms for the us~ of fawnifig. , Re tauratrg4 attached to the din ing oar. 'Smal tR'lie l ~i 'angea -abegrnely beteeithe seaits, sothat th< NIrvle while qeetding. -along at th< hatd of .80L4# mIlea an-hourg ma, -joyhiaral dad uietly s thougI ~were in hi. own dining room. ~Thkee ke'fortglaratalsaon toat ste'Ie aWet udasj4ve dollari 40 rkehedinig eardst eonduet ' M de sieeue h i -9Wmst ah thetsi dse pat 4AI therleestrbbruwpes ntesi We left NeW'.ub-by -the avtl erxa rpRte #4*1% I34 e pga .Ji* Aver er 4$y at pJ ~i. - A t 1sai se4a1*jI enabled to see somethin. of this place. Chicago, although a ine city, can not compare with New York. Never. theless it is a rapidly growing place, } and earries on an immense amount of trade. The opening of the Pacific Rail Road has been of great advan. tage to it, by enabliog it to compote ' with San Francisco. California re r ooives many supplies from it ; and in return, furnishes it with early garden vegetables, and fruits of all kinds, besides other articles of produce. However, owing to the stagnation of business throughout the whole country, there were thirty thousand men out of employment, and robbe. ries and garroting were frequent, Even women were knocked down in the street. On the next day we left for Omaha, by the Chicago & N. W. R. R. The country for the most part consisted of a level prairie as far as the eye could reach. It was not very thickly settled, and the houses were generally small. The Mississippi River was crossed on a long bridge. The old wooden one is being removed, and a fine iron structure substituted in its stead. That night the sleeping car attach. ed to the train 'was set on fire by the stove, and for a few minutes caused some alarm among the sleepers. But fortunately it all oude4 "sa smoke," and we reached Otoaha without any other incident of , note. A fine bridge is in course of ereo tion across the Missouri River. It was not completed sufficiently to per mit the passage.of ears, and we cross ed the rivet in stages, upon the ice. When the bridge is finished, passen gers can travel the entire route with out change of ears. Omaha, the terminus of the Paci fio, and the the roads connecting with it, is a thriving place. Only a few years ago it was merely a small settle went, now, streets are regularly laid off, and stores and warehouses are aeon in every direction. It has the up. pearauce of bv.ing new, and all the edfices are built with an eye to utili ty rather than beauty. The soil is a prt of blueish clay, making bad roads in Winter. After partaking of a hearty break faet, at}d ay ing.- a sapply of provi fiouS, in oaso of a suowing up among the mouutaine, we took our aate in the l'a.:ifl train, and for a while bade oiviiza:,ion adieu. For hundreds of miles after leaving Omaha we saw no I marks of civilization. The road runs along the valley of the Platte River, through almobt the whole breadth of Nebraska. In Summer this valley is covered with the finest, grasses, and ,affords luxuriant pasturage. But in Winter it presents a dreary aspect, a few trees aloug the margin of the river being the only signs of life. The monotony causes a feeling of dreariness to creep over the traveler in spite of himself'. Not a sound is heard In these vast solitudes save when the noisy train rushes past, pre sentir.g a strange incongruity to the eurrodading scene. After several hours of t,arol, we entered the vast plains over which range immense herds of antelope and buffalo. Several small herds of the former were pass edt at different poInts within easy rifle range of the road. Sometimes they may he seen hounding across the track, over which the train has passed. 'After leaving the Platte River, the road aomnmences a gradual ascent to the Blauk hill, and the scenery be. comes more diversified ; 'Lut the coun try also becomes more barren. Smhll elevations are seen on either side, des titute of vegetation. A lonely pine, -two or three feet in height seams but a carioature of the nobler works of a nature en the Atlantic slope. Tile valleyb ar covered with sage bhush, so bister and ilauseous to~the taste ,that it affords sustenance to no liv I leg creature, except a species of bird . eaited the sago hen. * The 'only settlements are at the diff'rent way.stations ton or twelve mmies a part ; and these are inhabited rbetly y the empl9yees of the road. Jo~.ssa ro built In the most premature tyle.' They aire sometimes construpt ed'of punoheons driven Into the earth, - with turf piled against thsm~ Small apertures In the sides serve for win. I dows; and the roofs almost flt. And si yet at haea station, are seen stores, ,isaloons ta testaurants. The Inhabi. y .tpnts qvidently believe that comipetir a tion Is the life of trade, for out of a ~osen houses, nine or ten are stores of sodie s61beach 1th. , pretentiouz sign' fimng 'ont. The'frost of the e isrq1 sometipes eniirqiy . eomposed ~tdoi -fand apIu ri$e E'er Qma to to tCbyetae ,the flrsi (hoaeonqswa.s 4tIhing eli 0i * goveral drou'sp&Inhtbita t.~ But s i 'the se~ad es .usiad urthet n, th6n ace itanw .yn Tb.,' aroom ezisence is $harael isltI p rIii te ro te*ia. erm A$6~q4I.t.44 , a.y settene a. t The shores of the Great Silt Lake are covered with a white iuruttatiou, caused by the evaporation of its wa. tars. This lake is slowly dryinig up and at. some future day will become s part of the desert basin surruunding it. Sage bushes is the only living thin to be seea, and that is wilted and looks eveu as if it wore dead at this time. In about twelve hours the desert it passed, and the appeartue of life again gladdens the eye. Springs are seen bubbling up in the valleys, and around them reeds and grass growing luxuriantly. The hills are dotted with pines and cedars, which furnis1 fuel for the engines on this part of the route. We are soon entering the canon of the Iluinbuldt River, a small rapid current. This canon in grandeur of scenery even surpasses those .already men tioned. It is more fertil., and has also the river to add to the iapresionis produced on the beholdor by the cliffs. 'The railroad runs along the margin of the river for many miles, following it in its tortuous course, and offten timet doubling on itself. Down this canon the train dashed, turning short curves, and rounding sharp points, at the rate of twenty. live miles an hour. On one side was the river, on the other a bluff or pre. cipice hundreds of feet high. some times so near the bank, that, the road had to be out in the sidc of the cliff. Just such a place was the "Palisades." On either side was a precipice. The road was cut in the' !Sid'e, beneath overhanging rocks froth which small fra.nents are falling every day, The mountain c.tn 'almost be touched by the hand. Were a large boulder to come down, thundering on the track, while the train is beneath, you may imagine the consequeudes. The "P.li sades" is one of the most dangerous points on the whole road. It derives ita names from its resemblance to the Palisades of the Iudson. We next pa,-sed throtigh the new State of Nevadra, containing some of the richest silver mines, In the world. It is being rapidly sett'ed, chiefly by miners and graziers. From Reno, a branch extends to Vir tia and Car son cities, placm! ene . N .frrm ten to fifteen thousand inhabitants each. A great many Indians are seen here, hut, like all the Pacific tribes or "dig gers," they are a miseratbly filthy race; but they are harmless. At Tracken we cross the line and are in California. We are now as cending the Sierra Nevada. IHere for the first, time on the route, matjes. tie forests of pines are seen, covering all the ridges and ravinos. On account of the elevation, snow here in sufficient quantities to impede travel. To guard against this twenty. five miles of continuous snow sheds have been construeted at a great cost, over the summit of the ridge. The danger of inconvenience is chiefly from the drift, and, therefore, where ever there are heavy falls of snow, snow sheds and snow fences have been erected. Oil the entire route there are thirty-four miles of &.heds, besides many more miles of fences. In the winter of 1868 a train was snowed in for several weeks, and all the pasengers came near starving. This year, however, provisions and fuel arc carried on every treio, but evena these have been unneoessai'y as the sheds -have prevented anythir,g further than a temaporary detention. After passing Summit, there Is~ a continuous descent for about thirty miles, and through this distance the oars are run entirely by the- brake nmen. Although the shmeds out off from view most of the scenery, yet, that which ean be diseerned, is well worth seeing. High ridges rising one above the other, and separated by deep t'a. vibe, on the very brink of which the oars Vun. Lofty and lordly pines-and cedars appearing lhke so many -ocol urans; a:nd slulees are running in every direction, conveying the mnoun. thsin stream to the gold mines beneath. On the California side, all was lif and beaty. The climate was mild, and for the first time on the trip,' rain was falling. Evergreens were grow ing everywhere, and grasea and weeds sparinging up luxuriantly. As 'we do. seended signs of Industry weren to be seen on all sides. Ie the valleys#.ire farm houss with their garden and orchards, and on the hill sides are the settlements of the minors. The amount of soil carried away by hydvauilie mining is astonibhing. Whole hills ares washed dowt, anda hi k1ebrie carried with the streams/ The 1'iVers seem to be filling up. *At last we were in thne 8aeramente veileyya level plain, with but -fey ttees; It, is not under' oultivaties, and iesembled the "old fields"~ of, tbe J4et ist 8ainmer. Orossing the Ameir. htn Tiveu, ee:con enteredi Saerasada. tdgenVth**iver Uf the'saine"natme.-i. WheWer itaers rt attled , tte vItat bm8 a,deep ehadnelg -but rise 4e, brio.fromedUI mine. is Bltlun5*a.pe Is ~poneeIudeee SBoraneuW1o in swtE t44W*byqahemi ti4. n d *tetth libee ihI 4tIatn over all. B&.ama.mu are the only vestiges left of the busy scene. The character of the western peo ple is exemplified by the following anecdote : While Cheyenne was at the height of prosperity, it was infested by ruf. fians of the most desperate character from all parts of the world. Robbe ries were of daily occurrence, and murders frequent. The life and pro. p-rty of every citizen were endanger ed. Things came to such a pass, that the people determined to submit no longer. A vigilance committee was organized ; and, on the following morning, all the telegraph posts around the depot were ornamented with the dead bodies of the most no torious villains. The following night a few more were hung; and the rest they took warning. Thieves, pick. pookets, gamblers and rowdies boat a hasty retreat. In two days, not one was to be seen ; and they have givon no t,ouble since. The buildings in Cheyenne are gene rally temporary sinall structures. Some are merely canvass tents. One store was a wooden building about twenty feet square with an im posing sign "BAZAAR ov FASHIONS." The usual number of bar-rooms were found. It issaid that the liquor sold all aloog the road is warranted to cause death in ten minutes after drink ing it ! A few miles from Cheyenne we were delayed eight hours by the "snowing in" of two trains ahead. One a freight in attempting to force 'to way through the drift was thrown from the track, and became a complete wreok. No lives were lost. Leaving Cheyenne we conmenecd ascending Black Hills by a gradual slope. Far off, in the distance, Pike's and Long's Peaks reared their snow clad summits. Their bases being hid den by intervening ridges and eleva tions. Here, the scenery would have com manded attention ; but unfortunately it was passed during the night. Sher. man is the highcst point on the road, being eight thousand feet above the level of the sea. The air is very much rarefied, and for a while some difficulty in breatding is experienced. The wind bl'ows at a fearful rate; ap parently threatening at times to sweep the train off the track. A few miles beyond Sherman is the Dale Creek B, idge ; an iron trestle one hundred and twenty feet loug. It is a beau. tiful structare, coubi -ing strength with grace and lightness. At lust we are descending Echo and Weber canons. On either side of the road tower tall bluffs and perpendicu lar cliffs hundreds of loot high. At times we are passing through a wide valley; and then suddenly the cliffs converge, leaving no means of egress save through a deep gorge. The shades of evening again closed upon us before we emerged from the canon, but fortunately the moon shone for some time after dark and enabled us to see some of the most prominent points. The scene was grand. A hundred human beings far from any vestiges of civilization, were whirling through the tortuous canon, the train awakening echoes where for thousands of '-ears profoundest stillness had reigned. On either side perpendion lar cliffs laid bare by long denuda tion raised their peeks to Heaven like so many ruined and dismantled bAttle ments, and threatened destruction by roiling boulders on the heads of those beneath, below was the narrow valley with a small stream meandering through it, and over all, the mellow moon light, casting dreamy shadows, and softening the rugged outlines. There are historical associations conneeted with this canon. Twelvae or fifteen~years ago, when the Mor.. mons were giving trouble, .\tnantT SIDxxY JoIHMsToN, then a colonel in the U. 8. army was sent out to restore Iorder. The Mlormon. prepared for resistance, and resolved to fortiff the pae, hroghthis canoai. According. bouldery i. a 4am across the bar rowest.part ; and then collected hugo boleson the summits of the over haneging cliffs, ready to be hurled on the invade,rs. Fortunately, .for all partiea, pence was restored, before any opportunities were alloed to the Morm,ous of proy ineg their prowess. The ro a0ies of the damn, the ruined ramnpa-e, and the heaps of stones are still to be seen. eThe lover part of the canon Is In bagtedandran bes. are scattered abot mie rou^6 the fldgps. Thirty. twomilbe re reahing Ogden 'the "Thousanid Mile Ted'v is pssdd. -It isea yigawons pine.'and beare a -sign, s tatin~g" thata thowsgand -miles-have bok ttereed by the a6-'Wr y reer;We ar1,ed at Oden lat mido~igh. EThis is tbh juot1on of the! two b'6aded &0rp361sbiyoi. Brghaar T otei Iq'uIide 'a t'a9vod' thi -.g es'bog"the'gree ptyphet' of theMorndb,"Bi&gbktp Youn64de ma of .CHe. ba h up to Sacramento from San Francisco. I Sacrafhento lies in a level plain which extends on all sides for nany miles. Bt-foro reaching San Franoisco the road passes through the Coast Range. IHere uao is some very pretty scenery, but not so grand as that slroady pass ed. These canons are all under culti. vation, and yield large crops of wheat, and other small grain. The hills are bare of trees, but in spring are cover ed with beautiful flowers, and wild oats, which attain a height of two or three feet and over. Wild mustard also grows everywhere. There are many towns around the bay of San Francisco. The first of thes,o passed was San Leandro, then San Antonio and lastly Oakland. Oakland is at present the terminus of the road, but as the water is very shallow, the Railroad- Company has built a wharf or peer,. extending about two miles into deep water. A steamer connects with the train and carries the pas engers over to San Francisco. We reached S4 Francisco at dark, after a week's travel. Despite the interest of the route, it is fatiguing. and one experiences a feeling of re lief upon ending the route. A through passenger can be easily recognized by his unshorn face, travcl-stained gar. nents, and his baskets, blankets and overcoat. It is no easy matter to be conic clean again, especially after travelling in summer. The flawing sun and the clouds of dust, on the bar ren plains change one so as almost to defy recognition. Before leaving the subject of the Pacific Railroad, a few things are worthy of note. It would seem that nature.had made especial provision for a road. The barren plains are Fo level that scarce ly any grading is necessary. The mountains would be impassible were it not for these cannons running through them. As it is not much work was required in laying the track h,?ro. it follows the stream in its winding course between the moun tains. It is true that there are twenty.five tunnels along the road, but these are very short, the longest being only 1700 feet in length. But puhapf the most .ourloug pro. vison is that of fuel. Tliee is no wood along the road, and for a *hile it was necessary to transport coal. But lately, beds of coal have been found along the line in the most bar ren regions. Those coal hdv are within a hundred yards of the road, so that a side track runs off to them. A horizontal shaft penetrates the bluff, and from this is taken the coal as it is needed. It would seem that nature has erected store houses juit where they are needed, filled them with coal, and given the key to man, so thathe has only to draw from the supply already accumulated. The above account, it is hoped, will enable one to form some idea of the Pae'fic Railroad. But it is necessari ly meagre. The great length of the route, and the novelty of everything connected with it, would furnish mat. ter for a book. In order to obtain a just conception of it, one tmust travel over it oneself. Au revoir. P. E. 8. T'EWAniE OF TH E PoWDER-A flINT TO L!,vEns.-Thore, is a good joke going the rounds of a young lady and gentleman at a fashionable party in this city a few evenings sinee. The young man was handsome and happy, the young lady arrayed in yll the exquisite taste of lavender, rose, oto., Iwithi gold-powdered hair flowing over bohr swan-hakeneok. Finding the heat Iof thb' room too muchol for themi they: sought-the cool shade of an arbor, where they might listen W9 the foun tain's farll. The music rqse and felI, time flew on silrtplnlons, And After' an abse'nee of about three'hhours our young frlicada entered the brilliantly illuminated parlors.- The lady passsed ou in the dance, but the yopog mpa was~ sllghtly taken, abok .his pert' e6tb' inforsIh hi fhat' sothd hi s edk 'rts the iunniistakell print of two atma,dIl id -obalk andl diamsor.dedust, on one shoulder,alarge pil9.of.yelpoy powd4 nd oohis b dup genefally. -The fotang lady'. hair wa. observed to besev.e L shades paler, Mloral: .Carry,. -dm. ing-broom in your pockpt.-- ash lie BLan,ner..I 'Tihi U*rrtb H7'tIa, 8VABl,GN t,is Sp $u' PiTiott.bMir Seoi'o tiry JFieb, lirajnddrfd hnt'iszeddnt. ly pilshed o6#e.poddde dei the, very freely to the 8pan Is gee tion f p (paq,gThis i pgpds a4eU e ts tw Saab gastie' b The Romanoo of Orimo, Last week there occurred in Btllit County a strange nftir, which is as ye unsolved in its particulars, but wicl one of those very peculiar, transaction that seem to have no motivo. A wido% lady, with, a daughter some sighteci years of age, hvei near Mount Vash ington. They were without malo pro tectors, and lived quietly and securely One day the old lady received som $5,000 in payment of an old account am locked it up in her trunk. The nigh following was dark and gloomy, ant that would natiurnily cause people to ba and lock doors and windows, and Ctis one to hesttate to open them to a stran ger. Toward night an old, bent. up decrepit man came to the door, and of its being opened asked for shelter fo the night. Thl' widow told him slit was alone, with no men f,iks about th< house, and she disliked to take a stran ger under her root. The old man sr' he was a stranger, poor, decrepit, an destitute, only asked for shelter from thi approaching nigh,t. Thile ladv acceded to his request. ant in due time he was shown to Ins roon tip-stairs. The night grew darker ont side, and the wilow nid her danghte were preparing to retire, when a heavi knock came, and the voices of meet wer heard outside, demanding ndnittanci in threatening tones. Terrified, know ing the danger of possessing sch t large aum of money, the widow conelnd ed that the parties outside were- con. federates of the nn,, to whom she lit given shelter. Acting upon this ats picion. with tre.bling limbs, she rar utp stairs and locked the door of thr s' pictoiI stranger. Riturmng d)wi s+tirs she herd the blow of an ax or the door, and as she reoahed the botton: of the stairs encountereod the man shi supposed she had locked safely in hi: room. No longer decripit, bent, and feeble, lhe stranger st.od upright. and nsanmel stalwart proportions. The gray hail the trembling voice was gono, nnd instead was It nan of powerful build ane etnrtnmed mien. BoheVting that alt wae lopt, the widot exclaimed, "You know what 1've got I'll give it, up I ' The straneer, insteai Df acceding Lo the terrified woman' Dtfetr, replied : Dont't annoy me ;' ge nto tour room nn 1 T'Il nr. te.t yoln' EIe held in his handt 1 rill b h ," 'i ielkon rom the rack, and as the blows of the issailants' ax fell fast upon the door, ashed thu widow into her room. Tie loor gave way, and the first. man tht mntered was shot by the stranger, who wized the falling body and pulled it in. ide the door. He then pulled the door vide open end fired again. killing anoth. "r of his assailante. The party ti.rned o fly, another of their number received t shot from the valiant stranger. The attacking party having fled, the loor was secured, and the affrighted in. mates took occasion to examine the reattires of the dead robber, who proved to be the son-m-law and neighbor of tho widow. In'the morning another man was found1 eaning over the fence, with his "nrmt thrown over the rails, dead. Mortally wounded, his failing strength had car. ritd him to the foenen. where in suppor. ting himself he died. The stranger gave himself up to a magistrate, whoc examined into the case, the atranger refutsitg to give either his namie, hisaresi, dlence, or the mnatter of his business. Th< magistrate ordered hia dischaerge, ani the my~terious stranger departed. XV h< he' was, why~ he' as.nud thme disgnise he. did on that night, whait was- the nlature of his business, or whit her he w'ent, is e mystery not easily explainod anid comment would be superfluous., Whatw wargna is, that what is call id the XV Amendmen*,, both in in inception and in the fraudulent, mean: by which it has beet) forcedl upon us, is virtually a more' Act of (Jongress,i that;can pi'opberfy bit ttllk- 'a" Congresn in which-nearlea third of thd "Stales' ha@d so re/wes~enIation, apd those the 'Sietps" too, which alono are vetally aflecied $v that "A mendment." Aucke beiri& ike'eda 4a' Afrm,D 'i hecodantce kih-theofiaIher Democratic phatformf that "the ameund'mentR re'cntl p.dopt'ed,''is aell qa thi ogsip "Iteepnc ptrtie1ipn,Actar, nr cuonstitt.iita1 an' void ,aDd' thoU wha~it 'offe "'Cgmress can do, ftidtler Congress daki 'udo. The AppeaIkabont a w.enk IQ de rionneed 4the, Jniop Refirmr psarty S3outh Qra i aI as.mench and. contermpcI &&kd it a6ep eedfodit:nattok' fa*ll and a zatelydiklhe<men wthw look to- ti The address ofthe ExecutiveCom a th We4h wyvdltesto d8oth gaQin Vt4r vIi. es'9aeD* General failuto of tlie 1luropAanp (rois. t The year of 1870 will long be re t membered in Eltrope, not only for its itetn,e heats but. for the prolonged and 9 widetspread drought that now gr>vely threatens nearly two-thirds of tie cereo and othe'r h slrvests. By onr latest advtces we pe'rc'ive that thd aituation in this respect has hPeoue actually alarm. ing. In many departments of Fran. " not a drop of rain has fallen for many weeks, and even thronghout rgions t nenr to the seashoro the crops look poor I and thin comnparecl with those of formnnr r years. Umutversa1V hay, straw .. and clover are hst, and4 the pasantry -are hurrying their cattle to the batehers be. cause thev no longer have fodder'where. with to feed thr. At the lnt i'h Villette market, in Paris. four thousand heaid of beef cattlt were ofired for. uate ait abni ost anv price, where t%vo bii,Abefq the usnal figure. '1'lThs thero is more I meat ot-ted to con,iners thint ovet before ; but the quetion arises, "Whnt are the latter to do next winter ?" Farmers neat the garrisoned townet, who I usmally enjoy the loan of artallery horses t by the governniit, have sent them back to the army for lack of the comnmonest Iet'd for then. Wheat, barley and oats have double I in price, and the standing growth is wretched. Peas and beans are in thi same condition ; hemp and flax are gonet ; the fruit trees of all kinds begin to dron and are full if caterpiars, and the vnr'varel of the Southern dia I ricts are aeriounsly tta cked by the worm known as the ph yllo.rcrem vuata(riz. Len Algeria has su(thred from both drouglt and locust, and enn cannt. up oh only a' ledinum crop of grain to'hid Prance. Spuau and Italy are similarly triwd, 111d1 th only really fine crop of a atple lhatt lie latter will be able to boast of will be si)k. Buhemia, Hungary and the D17umbian Pri..cipallitwes will come to the resene", to same t'xent; but the deficit in Germany will probably absorb all their superahelndance. 'le mo;t singIal.r feat urn of tais "beggarly ac* count, of empty boxes" is that in some of the finest. grain provinces of the' Rut. sian empire the crops are short for another reason than hent. and droughL Untimely cold. and moisture have crip pledl them. Sweden will do no more than .sustain itself, and it is doubtfl whether Bligiuin and Holland will do ao niuch. 'l'he YNst seenie to be similAtt iv threatened..' Jarly in tlie seat on we noticed the distressing lack of raia anti runmhing water in Syria and parts of Tunrkev, .'id both those countries look to i:mp1ortat.ion for help. Prices in France have gone up largely and are rising every hour, and.ihe aeserve which the government always makes there, for a year or two in advance, is likely to be more than taken ont of its hand+. At all the leading markets araint has reached the rate of thirty francs per metr.cal quintal. In some places it has riun oven to thirty fire, which is 'from five to, ten fra'ics above the prices of last winder. Wha't, we may ask, will it be three months hence, part icularly ahould'an insane Wvar open the floodgatee of devastatio. spd waste ? 1 It is now that the'United States step into the foregrotinrl as thogranrtty of the natioums. It Is to this "fruiiful latd bf Canaan" that all must look. : Here are i.the goldlen fields and the. lden or rds all the'way from Maino.to the Gulf of Mexico, arnd from ocean to ocean. Hier. are the cattle oni a thionrand hills aidg Iwith the rneh grass, the luiciouas ftlit.and t he bursting ear. Out of t,bs midst of Iwar anad desnolationi id.s .aniucha favored land han been rained. up to, offer t e0 Old WVorld, in the hour o''iticaarth and its warlbke mnadnesos, healha'd a a, refuge. 'To-day the Repiubhie stands before mankind the imaga of Liberty, holding the olive branich 0, peace ina ones ,hapad and the ,horn of pignyL jn* the odper -Y.N.IHra. . Shaerman, ghbairmnan of the F4ranee.Opjn mi,itteeO 'f the penat er estimnates Liie lhghtnening of' a ie badrden 'af the tades 'ap6n i fic peopala of th hUitc'd States by as evenaty sit nimioinsf' -dsllars. Ti. is s9ndlgfr thfgpblins, to orpw - oe inthapproachmfkri!eatone 'Ph verf~ hnabnf plece ef#or had hein - clandf'ldue total aubolitioa3 ,qf,tb ,Qdiens neem top utri a a er bct f tl/ais x nm pu of vs4 .Is d' d iYet$W1-i stna of' aeyhsIn'milhoniirna''rnd 1 xterha,l) talus I Jjfe cSIrrpn hsir she Medrs 181 'iorasr l , o we. en dg a i .0 (iU.kJ 4 #t6L~A44.'rg4 , as w eWay -in f edgy ae 15er a he agfs Pabd ftd#.h .it is said, fe'ar that Napolon nyldiste the making of..aa..aggressive war ia Eiurop,sul.ip afegoong arm. ree gj rips e e~9 klfM nona Sp iTi h~iteal~W 'th~a rnf%':1 i 1b 't4~ti b$re *rc~'J~'~ p, I ho