'TM FAIRFIED HERALD WINNSBORO, S. C. Wednesday Morning, May 19, 1860. })ospotOs, Willians & Co., Props Radical Inoonsistency, We havo called attention to the ab aurd position the United States Gov. ernment holds towards the rest of the world, but we cannot improve upon the following from the Richmond Dispatch : Thu Cubans are said to bo anxious for annexation to the" United States. We suppose the dubans understand that in this country we sympathise with all revolutions, and attempts of a people hto ave atd independent gov eronment, ekcept, tkose in which our own citizens are personnally conoorn. od. We Americans believe that Ire land ought to be itidependont otEng-. land, Ilungary of Austria, P,lnd of Russia, and ,Cuba of Spain ; and we may per haps annex Ireland and Caa to the United States. But we wish it to be distinctly understood that one revolution is all that we ,*p allow It is very well to revolt when yu have other Governments to revolt against; but-as to changing again after you have once come under our flag, thst is a thing not to be thought of. Other Oovernwents may be despotic, tyran nioal, regardless of popular rights; they mny suspend the writ of 'habeas cbrpus; they may suppress popular uprii+ings by tire and the sword ; they may substitute military governors for civil ones; they may rule thoir mise. rable subjects by military governors, military auditors, military judges, military mayors, military justices of the peace, military overseers of the poor, military constables, and milita ry overseers of clain-gang. Other Govern ments may disperse legislative bodies, and for regnlarly-enaeted laws substituto general orders. Other Governments may impose high taxes upon everything you eat, drink, and wear-upon your sugar, tea, coffee, wine, salt; your bonda, your notes, your deeds, your receipts. But in this land of the free and this home of the brave, where the star-spangled forever shall wave over none but the eons of the free, we are not troubled with any of those things. Every main sits under his own vine and fig tree, and there is none to molest him or make him afraid. The people of every State are free to do whatever they please, unless, indeed, they should take up a silty notion thatthoy want to have a government of their own choosing, or something of that sort. The intelligent voters of this favored land hold that all Govern monts derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, and that that consent is most easily obtained at the point of the bayonet. Our Cubin friends must, therefore, make the most of their present revolution. It is the last they will be permitted to enjoy if they are to be fellow.iti zens of ours. The Government of this country never does wrong. It cannot do wrong ; for whatever is done is done by a majority, (so-called,) and therefore It is ,impossible that any unjust, oppressive, or tortious act should be committed. Majorities, we have learned, are always right, and amorities alwa ys wrong. The few have no rights which the many are bound to respect. No other Govern ment has the right to suppress the popular will by fore, and compel un willing subjects to pay taxes and all. guance to a Governmnent not of their own choosing ; but ours has that right; and for the simnple reason that ours is the best Government the world ever saw, and if any set of meon are suoh fools as to desire to be free fronm the rule of such a Government, and to institute one whieh necessarily could not be the beat the world ever saw, it must be the bounden duty of our rul ers to put a stop to such folly by fire and the sword. And sine the Cubans can hardly be better judges astoi such matters than are we who have enjoyed the blessings of this Government so long, it follows inevitably that it would never do to allow them to have any more revolutions after they have once tasted the benefits- of our free institutions, nor to govern themselves after they have once been governed by us. Rea rorss utow, During one and the name week, we have beon refreshed by two Items of neows quite-enough for one man's life. time, the completion of a Railroad across this continent, and the estab lihlinont',of freedom of Religious wor n'.ip in Spain,--a material triumph0 nda spiritual victory. .On the same week that the idea of a Colum-. bun of a western route for trade with *Asia is realized, we are told that the landl of Ferdinand and.Isabella in free ' -fromn religions bondage. It is.-in r4eed, useless for malcontents to deny 'tho progres# of humanHg, but it Is a .nd reflection that human progres s s so slow. Lt Is.. melancholy to review t)mhg -pas.t and see how unreO55gnably.in b'eaxntmapkind bave been, and for the moist.part, still are, tqwards those h'lo do not -Agteo: in ppilon with ,tu..' M has.'tldn c.ntifrybjop4 .antry tSrtbe .ardia3 truthQffte.e' d om, of religious- uors)mIp .4 gEt a p 4feting in Spa1a,pAm evepO!ato piagjr nority.f forf ea.q.aof - te have vteI aga4 -t i 'But God 1, be is ; progrtsb, and in $ke A right diret1on, lbowove. lot, and We naturoof this progress la thus adpni- is rably indicated by the South Carolina fi Republican :s "One of the grandest messages over ft lightning sent across the Atlantic has Rc just come from Madrid, announoing th that the Spanish Cortes has adopted, by the emphatic vote of 186 to 40, an f' article guarantoein$ freedom of re- ti ligious worship. To futlly'apreoiate d the deep-set eloquence of.tbis ,m"s ti sage, the depth of meaning, the mag. hifibone of jpromise, we nust'eifom bor'the past of Spain ; century on l century. of the publio thralldom of thought ; soienre-bbund ; pr14st.rid- t< den ; enfolded in superstition ; a hul. ir limb inquisition, nIow of one form, fnow of .another, 'master of the bodies of nea, shtiveling, blasting the souls ; t the Bible- ohain'ed ' inquiry, reason es. tu topped,; a 'blind'uuqustehling obedi. ence to: the mitre ; the very powers of cl darkness ,suprome,: a: supremacy; of bolfiehnems, ignorancei -passion, and brutality. : And now'ab last old'Spain, Oi lsireed, and comes into the " tiroad so tnay light of theoentu4y' ri The Chinese as a Politioal.Element. 'Thero is another view that may be taken of the Chinese as a political eloment more hopeful than that they will be used, under the hypocritical pretence of equal rights,as A means of. paralyzing those states in whioh they el settle. It is pdasib e, that their'rap' i id influx may lead to a reconsidcration in of the quostion of races, ant through to then, the truth of the theory that to this is a white man's government and be ought to remain so, will rlawn upon fo the country. In that case, politioal T power would return to the South, and hi the elevation of tone, that lofty scori el of.what is base and mean as only fi, t,b for the inferior races, which will d- Iei tinguish the Southern gentleman, will e call to mind the palmtest days of.the rf past. of A Theory of the Aurora Borealis. a@ The New York Journal of Com- at merce, in a carefully considered arti- de ole, as if from some scientific pen, ea submits the following theory--origi- us nal as far as it knows-to explain the w4 phenomena of the aurora borealis as b displayed in the magnificent oxhibi. D Lion of last Thursday night week. "The aurora borealis is the silent of di6charge of accumulated electricity pi in the atmosphere, furnishing the in Anme relief to nature as flushos of hi lightning under other conditfons. re The pher.omena of the northern lights co are, in all respects, eleotricul. But tv the electrio nature of Thursday'vsau- tb rora was demonstrated conclusively a by its effect on telegraph wires. When a thunder-storm occurs the te wires become charged with electricity, fu which sometimes affects them so-per. G versoly thut. they cannot he worked, I and at o!her times furnishes an ef- fa rient subttituto for the galvanic bat. w tory. Precisely these effects were ob. ee served on ''hursday night. At New al York, Boeston, and Philadelphia, and et some other places, the aurora'eleotrl- te city chiargedf the wires, and enabled. operators to work them without re- oi eourse to batteries. At 8t. Johns, N. gi F., the most northern point fromn fe which we have any report, the aurora ni seriously interrupted the operation of 8i the telegraph-possibly becanse the at current sup plied from the air was too oc strong for the work to be done. No fit doubt remains, after the testimony tL given ,by many intelligent observers ini n various parts of the country, that ji the aurora is attended by the release et of enormous quantities of clectrity. n< "The theory which we propose is m the only one which explains why the ha aurora borealis isseen only in the are- cm tie (or antartic) and temperates zones, TI -never, or rarely, in the . torrid zone, af -and also why it is visible he, e only ti. (or chiefly) in the fall,. winter, or spring months--not in the summer, to In the tropic zone, and in the warm tli months, the accumulated electricity in wi the atmosphere is discharged under pc entirely different conditions, as light- is fling, with thunder, during heavy at showers of rain." or Castelar, before the Cortes, in a wi speech against the lmjoaition of a la State religion, a spedoh a part of '8 which the Now York TrW6u,s do- w dlares matchless in the original Span- ~ ish, bravely declares . n "Groat is the religion of Power, but 54 ~reater is the religion oft Love. Great af is the religion of im placable Jastice, th ut greater is the religion of pardon. th mng Meroy. And'I, in the name of ne that religion-..I, in - the. uame of the dt Jospol, come here to ask you to writo. n the front of your furidainenta lode-w.Liber tyy Equality, and Frater- l alty among all mankindh" hI8ssIoNAmhas - WANTkEi..* .roll-,i ilous riot has takeb place in the mi treets of Teheran,-Peruian, during~ Jet he progress of which, three hund red A4t ben were killed, but ohr cable toport shi Pee not state whieh- aide *on' In the vii ray of .Oonversionv. -Au oexeollent pportunity for out antiiversary men W nd missionaries. Don4t all speak at tel nce --Ne E hkrakd. m a~3t GoUs o3NYFL ICT. -- Ofi),el lay 12, 1869.wNews. has.- been re-og roots etwpeq tW(t, elIq*AP? wth sde raygd?,4 It CQIMUNICATCE.j !r. 'ditor Dd ur4 uion our farmera, mechan, a and btsiness tinio join the Fair ld Agricultural'and' Mechanical As. eiation. At the North all the dif. rent ocoupations have organized as ciations, which protect and advance oir interests. If the wodl raisers, rmers or iron manufacturers think i retenue laws-need revising, in or. r to lut -nonoy into their pookets, eir associations use" money. and -in tence. to induce Congress to adopt ensures agreeable to them. With.proper organization the cot. n raising interest cnn exert more. fluenco than any othoi' in this coun Without organizatiotn it will con nue to be the-prey of the Northern anufacturer and n)oiebant. Our farmers, mechanics and mor ia'ts, thorofore, must join the Coun. sontin; 'formi neighborhood ub lnd, push f.orward.the SLate As elation., By. meeting and confor ng together, our.- knowledge and ility to make money will increase ; id by union we will get power. FAIRFIELD. (CC)MMUNIlCATB~DJ p. 'ditor revious to the last Presidential eotiot a great many.. persons were iking liberal oilers of land, to or for Iiii4rantak - Why have they ceased, #t indUbements to foreign white come apd settle among us ? Is it oause there is no longer a necessity r Increasing the white population ? ye necessity is great as ever, Mnd oomea more . and, more apparent 'ery day. -I express the opinion of e majority of the SoUthern people saying so. Some of the older esti. us may think differently, ; and for aeons obvious to every one. My jeot is not to -add to the troubles of e grey-haii-ed bree, but to encour e that which will benefit the present 4 future generations. "Let the ad past bury its dead ;" but I will for once of twice to the past. Who t down nearly all the beautiful and oful forests of our State? Who >re out nearly every field that has en cleared ? Who drovd out of our strict more than. half of the white pulation? What kind of a condi n was our State in at the beginning the war in regard to her ability to otect herself against an enemy, and regard to her future, say 100 years noe ? Every one without a moments fleotion could answer these questions rreetly. In nay recollect ion, say renty years, some twouty-five or irty familes have disappeared from space of five or six miles square. The negro did it. It is sad to con. mplate what might have beep the ture of this beautiful country if od had not interposed in its behalf. ant no abolitionist, and am not in vor of taking away from a man that ]ioh justly belongs to him. I ao $t-tbe situation as being one favor-. ile to the future prosperity of our tintry, and am going to do all I can wards its advancement. 'A ship. without ballast ; a kite with' it a tall, and-the South without no oes.at present,-would be alike un dtunaten fly..the assistance of the gro the South, has risen from a ate of nearly universal bankruptoy, d will, with proper management, oupy a very respectable position, ancually, an a few more years. Give e devil his dues. Stare truth full the face. Treat the *negrQ with stice and equality, but never as an ual, socially nor politically. The gro cannot make laws for white au, nor ean they be a friend an4 other. I1 am not for argueing the so. An axiom cannot be argued..-.. ue-good of the country is what I am ter, and if the negro can stemn tite le let bim do it. We oeoup; a position very sluiuiIar the "dog .. is .the manger" Nfot at we' are r illegally holding' that itco. does not belong to ps, b'ut In op. aitiop to our Interests. What pse there in a man having one thousapd res of lakad when be only em4ivates e hundred b.idly ? ICeeps disagree 10: neighbor.,a little furtlher off, mid he the reply of sopie, have more ude,~ reply of others, and avery one doubt 'wpuld lave sons "reason uleb seemed. plauslble to himself. 1862 1 expressed the opinon that it kuld beto our advantage'to offer a gio and-one hundred1ieres 'of land every eniistea soldier of the Umilon IUy who would desert sfaa 1% in s South. N ow I express publioly it in a few years we-will have more .d for soldiers and faruiere than ring the laqt war, This govld Snap and the Orops. From every portion ,;f our District we hear of the serious dame.Le done to the crops, especially cotton, ba the late heavy hail storm and the cold wind that has followed it. Some of our farmers tell us that their entire d cotton crop is killed outright, others . say that at least half of theirs has been killed, while the other half is so badly damaged that it will not be worth anything. If the cotton crop falls this year it will be the heaviest blow that our farmers have felt since the war, as a great many of them have spent their entire crop of last year in Y commercial manures. We sincerely a hope it may not be as bad as repre sented, but fear it is too true. The Seaport Appeal. We welcome to our exchange list the above neatly printed and well- k edited sheet, published in Brunswick, ci Ga., by our old chum and follow. it townsman, Mr. Thop. F. Smith. We i wish our old friend Tom and his under taking an abundant success. b The South darolina Loan and Trust Com pany. This Company, whose advertise- a mont appears regularly in the col. w umns of this paper, has opened a de. - partment for the deposit of Savings, j allowing 6 per cent. interest under i the rules of the late Charleston Say. ings institution, which have been adopted by this Company. 7 Fairfield Bible Society. tl According to previous appointment li this Society held its 51st anniversary ~ in the Baptist Church-Dr. Boyce in N the Chair. The attendance though ri respectable, was not as large as could a be desired. Having failed to secure the services of either of the ministers a' appointed ; the Society was denied the jy pleasure of the Anniversary Sermon. ti Rev. E. A. Bolls and Jas. R. Al- is ken favored the Society with Instruc. tive and appropriate addresses, which p In some measure atoned for the other vi deficiency. The necessary bibles were ordered to be purchased, and the re- t maining money if.enough to be dona- d ted to the A. B. Society In the way sa of making 0. R. Thompson a life i member of that Society, is Rev. IL. McDarnald was appointed to deliver the next Anniversary, with , Rev. W. W. Mills his alternate. "The d, former officers (i. e.) James Boyce, fr D. D., President, H. IL. Elliott, Re. T cording Secretary, J. H. Cathoart, T Treasurer, and R. S. Ketchln,Librari an, were eontinued in office. It was determined that the roll shall hereafter be ealled, and mems- w bers not answering to their names shall be maprked as delinquent. After prayer by the President the w Booiety adjoursied to meet in the at Methodist Church 1st Tihureday in A1 May 1870. By order of the Society. P3 0s Bi. BE~T T, to award i This monthly for May comes to us te n grood timne, fresh, vigorous and orig- A. lt, as It beg&t its oawer. It is cop.k l'oted by Capt. Mayne Reid--0arlq. ton, publiebier, New tal 3odey's Lay'o6o. Qedey' Lady's Book for Junie is 2pon our tabtle It has a lif6 and r resbness whio6"renders it an uniiver- t. at favorites and we san safely eoin nend itto all of ouraders, on .We will senda outr paper the NaWS t an d t,-n p ... e sr,t a a, be )ePow's Monthly Review, For April, is on our desk, with the ollowing table of contents : The dississippi and its Mouth ; British Eionduras ; the Tennessee River ; the )arien Canal Per Contra ; the Cot on Trade ; New Orleans in 1802 ; )ur Trees; Napoleonic Polley ; Nov. r Complain ; Gutakow's Liesle ; the rish in America : the Chiongo Lake ?ront ; Natural Maa as the Cotempc ary of the Mammoth ; the Louisiana Itate Fair. W. M. Burwell, Editor and Pro iriotor ; R. G. Barnwell, Associate ditor and Agent, New Orleans. L'he Carolina Farmer. The May number of the Carolina Farmer is on our table. Like all its >redecessore, it is handsomely printed, nd filied with a large number of in eresting and seasonable articles. Ve are glad to learn from the pro )rietor that the Farmer is a decided uccess, its patronage already being unch larger than his most sanguine xpectations had predicted. Pub ished monthly, at Wilmington, N. ;., by Wm. H. Bernard, terms, $2.00 er year. Specimen copies sent on oceipt of stamp for postage. 'eters' Musical Monthly, For May is to hand, and well sus. sine the proud title it bears--"The 'rince of Musical Monthlies," for if here is any one periodically adapted o suit the wants of all lovers of mu ic, professional or amateur, it is ocer ainly this magazine. When music is furnished so cheap, -hat musician Can afford to be with vt sun - . blication ? $4 worth of ood music cai,noi be picked up every ay for 30 cents, and we feel justified saying that a subscription at $3 'ill give as much music (and good usio, too,) as you can buy for $50. This valuable magazine is publish d by J. L. Peters, 198 Broadway, f. Y. OUR DEDT.-But, says the New ork Herald, to go back to the debt atement, we find that the national debtedness has been increased dur g the last year-that is, from May 1868, to May 1, 1869-nearly venty-nine millions of dollars, and uring the last two years over eight illions. To get an idea of the rock ss extravagance and miserable finan. al management of the government must be understood that the debt' as been thus augmenting long after e war closed and war expenses eeae 1, and at a time when the revenues rought in four to five hundred mil ons a year-at a time, in fact, when to people have been taxed enormous and to the utmost limit of forbear ice. If the debt has increased so ith such a stupendous income, what 'e we to expect, unless there be a 1 4dical change in the management of ie Treasury, when the income is much ast ELECTIONS IN INDIANA-The result the city elections in this State on uesday last gives healthy evidence bat a reaction is going on in the pub o mind. The Democrats carry Lafa ~tte, Terre Haute, Fort Wayne, ogansport, Michigan City, Madison, ow Albany, and Jacksonville. The suit in Lafayette and Terre Haute is great triumph, and the victory in sch place is most decided.-Indianm polie telegram. [ The northern Democrats are like lman Low's horse-they never balk 1th etoa hill. Then they THE GROWING COTTON CRo.-The oatrated cold weather which has pre diled this scason so late into the pring, is seriously injuring tbe cot n plant in some sections, and a let r received here from a large planter, Eted, Camden, 8. C., May 4, 1869 ye: "We had frost yesterday aud is morning, and I know the cottoa i dying out and turning yellow." [Charleston Courier. COTTON WVOns.--We have been own a number of the eggs of these istructive and much dreaded inseots, em the pilantation of Mr. John Eompson, in St. Andrew's Parish. boey were found on Friday, and, we e informed, in great abundaie. key can be seen at this offie.-lbid. CONFEDER ATE Sol DIER.-Forn$ey rites to his paper: "Let me mention e Confederate soldiers as among the ast friends of the northern people, have had a hundred conversations Ith those, soldiers, officers and men, d in no instance have I failed to id courtesy, sound sense, cordial sub Isulon to results, and good feeling r their northern brethren." TnE LAsT FronT IN CUnA.-The iario'e account of the fight at AlIa aria says the, rebels fought more de. rnlnedly th an heretofore. The Span rds lost a colonel, captain, six men lied, and thirty wounded. The rebels have burned San Mi e,near Nuevitas, Geneel Plumb), the new 8psanlab muander, has airryod fror, 5paig. Whatever may be thIe case in ,au pe,,there are reasons for. the belief at in this country we have nearly incbed the point at. wh:oli&a part of , amb$tion of t,he Litgher education, t will be-forelt supee t Rp)ne manua)l inread winning dcex