University of South Carolina Libraries
Selected Poetry, SWEET SIXTEEN, to ea tilt 1. rc Dear lady, when I look at one of So lovely and so loved as you, s From whose young life has not yel gone i T'he rose's blush, the mernit:g's dew, I sigh to think of all tho years Whose fading menories rise between b This and the Limo when, long agoj s 1 lost may heart to Sweet Sixteen. it. b l'rnlo as they may of wiser thought, sl Of cooler blood and steadier brain, Of earnest wisdom, dearly bought ly anxious caro and saddeing pain In all the years Od Times can bring, i In all tho longest life has seen, c There are no hopes, no joys, no loves, a So sweet as those of Sweet Sixteen. i] InI. d. Ani though the ocharm may wear away, An roses fade, and dews exIatle ; n 'T'hough glossiest looks may turn to grey, '1 And fairest checks grow watt and pale, Yet who onn doubt those dearly loved, r In lands of mortal eye unseen 11oyond the stars, shall all regain 'Tho ansel lues of Sweet. Sixteen? d Message of Governor R. K. Scott. After congratulating the General b Assembly pro. ton., upon the inaugu- 1 ration of a Nogro.government in lc South Carolina, Governor S. runs 0 over the same ground as to debts and taxation as his predecessor in the 8 message printed in our last issue, sug- u gests certain changes in the Jtidioiary, It a re-division of counties, removal of all t) political disabilities+, care of the State 0 louse, Penitentiary, Jails, and Asy- . lum ; recommends moderate salaries, it and thus treat lof such matters as are 7 of Iore general interest : EDUCATION. Civil liberty and the education of a th nasses are insoparable. t1 The safety of a freo State rests upon O the virtue and intelligence of the peo- o ile, and it cannot preserve the one a without cultivating the other. All republics of wh ioh history niakos Imen' a tion, have owed their dcelino and fall e to the corruption of the people ; who, t having bocome unmindful of their e rights and duties through ignorance, a became the pray of demagogues N through choice. In a country such as e ours. whero the humblest citison, if I worthy and well qualilled, may aspiro e to the station of the highest, and whore the hard-handed child of povor ty and toil may become the chiof magistrate of the republic, the ditfu sion of intelligence among the masses is noV only a measure of public justice, but vitally concerns the public safety. The Government of the United States has been so mindful of the imu. portance of popular education, that it )tas already given 70,000,000 of acres of publio lands, worth at least ninety millions ($90,000,000) of dollars, for the establishment of sohools and col logos in the States and Territories of the Union. I would, therefore, earn, estly recommend that the provision of our Constitution upon this subject, he carried out in Its fullest extent, and that as thorough a system of free schools shall be established as is con sistent with the present taxable re sources of thme State. I deem it proper to add, that satin factory assurances are given that Con gress will, within a brief period, umake a liberal grant of public lands to this State, for thme creation of a per mnanent comnmon School Fiund ; thus in a great measure, relieving our people( fronm thme burden of taxation for that spoecial object. I respectfully suggest that you will memorialize the eon- ~ gross of the United States upon this I sul jeot, and solicit the grant referredI to at the earliest possible day. Article 10, Section 8, of the Con stitution, provides atthero shall be ~ keplt open at leaat six months in each year, one or more schools in each school district." I respectfully recommend that the C General Assembly will provide by e law for the cstablislunont of at Least two (2) schools in each sohool distriot when necessary, and that one ofesaid schools shall be set apart and designa- ' ted asi a school .for colored childreoti, a and the other for white chIldren, the' ' school fund to be distribusted equally C to erch class, in proportion to the f inuber of ohildren in enoh between I the ages of six and sixteen yearse. I. deem this separation of the two races ' in thiepublic schools a matter of the' E greatest imnportando to al blasses of tl our people. Si Whlilo the moralist and the phiilan4 Li thropist cheerfully recogniises the fact I that "God hmath made of one blood all b rlitions of nmen," -yet the statesmman 4. legislating for a political society that r< embraces two distinet, and in some Il ecasure, antagonistic races, in the u groat body of i tseloctors, must as far it as the law of equal righats will permhit, til take oogniaance of eisting prejud ices among both. In school distriote; o whore the wvhite children may pro. L< lionderate ini numbers, the oolored c children may be oppressed, or par. .1 tially excluded from the schools, sa while the same result muay acorue to tl thme whites in those districts 'whore il colored children are in the ma'ority, ii unless they shall be segiurated by law e as heroim recommnendod. Moreover, v~ it is the dclared design of the Consti- o tution that all classes of our people a shall be oducated, but not to provldb I for- this sepairation of the two races, t' will be to repel the masses of thre whites from tihe oducstional trainingi that they so much need, and virtualli a -o ivo to our colored population thie( o roluh benefit Wour pbbljo hools, I L46 us, berefore, recognise fis its 1 they arand rely upon time, and ihe *t , tIhnaflue . me of popular projd-i. died that may exist among the two races of our follo.oitiens.. Te concentritioio11 or aSu api 1 upon one product and that, too ctremely liabl8 to tIne varyidg b da of the sea sbh and the worn; as C tardod the agricultural prospei4ty' 8 South Carolina, and of the entire, uth. The true safety of the farner os in the cultivation of several. prot acts, so that although the. season may.: o a unpropitious for one, ho may pro irvo the other. le should not .itmi- n to the unwise merchant, who om.u arks his all, though uninsured, in a 0 nglo ship. The inipolicy of concentrating so ergo a portion of labor upon cbtton, istead of dividing it among mixed rops of corn, wheat, potatoes, &c., ' ud the products of the dairy, is lest t lustrated by the following facts, P rawn from the census of 1860, and c he report of the United States Corn iissioner of Agriculture for 1866. k 'ho cotton crop of Georpia, the om ire State of the South, in 1860, was b 01,840 bales, .yilding .littt Mnore Tian thirty millons($30,000,000) of ollars ; while the >utter of NOW ' ork in 1865, one of the sevoral pro- P ucts of the dairy, was estimated at 9 xty millions ($60,000,000) of del,. rs. Yet the census gives to Now P ork but 470,914 farmers and farm t Lborors, and to Georgia, including hite fartnera amd farm. laborors, and ily the. ma/es oftie slates, 316,478 orsons onga od . in. aggioultur.-- n hould the female slaves be included, a corgia would have actually hid a 0 rger number of. farm laborers than to State of Now York. Besides : th'o i thor dairy products, milk and choose, 0 rid the multitude of smaller products r the farm, the principal cropms'iakce value an astounding aggro ate. " hug in 1864, the cori crop ot' Now ? ork was estimated at $38,000,000,: 0 to wheat $25,000,000, the oats at 30,000,000, potatoes at $19,000,000, nd hay at $90,000,000. .luoluding to minor cereals, the products of the rehards and gardons, th e production f beof and mutton from pasturage, nd a great variety of miscellaneous roluots, the currency value of the grioultural productions of this one 0 tato, in the year, was far greater in the money retu'uns of any cotton rop ever produced in this country ; nd the gold value of such products i ould be greater than the gold value r f half the cotton crop of 1860, the ,rgost over made in the 1Uited tates. Tno grand results are not due to ny superiority of soil or' climate, bove our own, but to a properly di. outed and diversified system of labor Lnd to superior agricultural imple nonts and farm economy. The aggro ~ato product of varied agriculttural Ia tors must always exceed in value the cold of any one staplo, howevor v4st ild well organized may, be the system if labor applied to it, for markosue iess in the production of that ono 1 vill lesson its price, by an undu ie noroaso of the supply over the de- i nand. . The mntroduction of improved niple uents of husbandry is a matter of vital I aiportance to the farming intorests of ho State. With the aid of proper ma. t hinery and tho proper use of fetilizors ur farmers will be enablhil to cultivatp' larger area of' land and to cfdtivate' it ioro thoroughly thani underitho former! ystom wvhen they cultitvated a very lim-n ted amount. These considerations ' become all the nore important mnview onho aet,. th~ ni South Camrolinimj there are four millions 4,000,000) of acres of land impr e rhiho there are nearly twelve ini I ie 12,000,000) of acres ununmpotted.- The ocent discovery of vast. bedr uf hate of limo on the banks o( the bhi~ ~y, near Charleston, will cnable u~~t nrich otar worn out lands with that iost, valuable fertilizer at a comparative ,' small cost. Largo shilpmnents of this *rtilizer' are liow being hiade from. ihtarleston to Northevn' p9rts, 'Shleh ~ tight be manufactured .here, and sold lIoaply to enrich the peer lands of tour ~ wvnState. AGRXoULTURMi 09LLEGE. I invite your attention to Section 9,~ e Lrticle '10, of the Gdnatiti Ion'," eick ~ irote Liq .eaqr 2:iaset'6ly tQ r -?i ide (or the establishelint . 9 an;Agru ultural College, upens the basis set e >rth in the Act -of Congressp ofuily 2, a 862,, providing for tho 'ehdomen, of, .e tgiricultural Collegeu iin 'tto o 'eoral i taLes.' The Act ; providea 'tlat ogch lato and Territory shall'receive -thirty 'ionsand '(3 060) Avt''e of pblic lante ve that it may liaye rali-JUa inden its prqoxisipp SS n 'rna will ~ o entitled to elevent hundred and twenm4 i-five pieces - o.r-i -norea-eaeh , ~presenn i N og ir per acre, or one hundred and oiglt h ousand ($1'80,0bd)"dllns.( Thi ssuipnmy boloeuted in ahyStdo~ 4 r Territory having pialic lanids subloet'( saly~ at QneflollAr' Ana Mitf~u i ants ($l'.25). praci'r.eli Te .do ., rovides thattieo nioney arising for t le sie of such scrip ."shall -be invested by I io State. in publio - stocks, at not "less sa loaper cent. isito est, l nd thy 1 >an fres g bo :M*M~thei, dhero the leaing objeote'shall be, with-. nt-excluding s0:u6ht80o and'/dlassidal Eudies; of mill(4r9 til, tb hbudh a 'raichs r~ tr i'ftt' 4 nd the Meohaiiq.Ars," . I would also myite. your-eatnint he general act of Oon ofsu-~&1864 00) acot ii661i~ each Sta. Lrep lidtmcnaL ,tn ecs n suggest - tlat jyout nenoria ie Congress to extend- the a PATK I tt) Iin nI0OUI AND - IEiiTI'N. A tes:naf > er d t tfeedsI rf at u i* us; wh lt't vo r Auld not hm NYm1 :)rAuffgcturq,-and we Mould not havo commerce; thoy will r Land tgethuV but they wi1u stand i gother .like jpilas, the largest in the r mntre, rd ,ALata.. ogriculLure." Agri- c ulturo is indeed the life of a nation, its t cry - existence - deponding upon the t nnual prodtibtion of its soil. In view s f the vital importance of this suhj.ct, J nid of tio vat amo\Ia.3of arable land in t to State' now lying wild and fallow, or t best poorly culdtiated, I respectfully iggest f.iii hehsAltgo-dihut e att crnting a i rate Boaird of Agrielilturo }tall inigra on, to consist of at least thrioo ca:pabile .t. Orions, ono of whron should be a iracti- I Al Chemist. I This Board should be chnrg 'd with 1e duty. of' investigating anid maikinig lown to the entire coiitry the agrie:! - Iral resources of iho State, and should o required to make an annual report to to liogislatre, unbody the results of icir labours,~id reconinuulid sueh im. rovements as they may deem necessary I the system cf cultivation now lrac. ced among ofr peop,; nid such im roved agricultural mnaclinery, as to' mn may seem most proper, together it the gute: al d elde of Using1 tpr li- *a. .'They 10ho id 11160 st forth he LI ractions that our soil andelinnate and itneral resources lill-r to the tlrilly ricliturists, nlchanics and iinors of tr rtier 3tates, and to: those 'of uopb .. 'ZIhy; shoubl also. present tat les showing the cost of hiving, the rates fswpgps, the nunnber and class. of..mc. itueiqs neded in the several Cantiues, l'e rie of land, and tern> uon, i ft'can be rented. Their. i polt ould o fbiurnished to the 'rndes Joi in, of this country and 'srope'. This information, if properly distrib d, will, I feel asslred, start a tide of lingratIon that will flow into a.d great. iennich the Stato. The Germaii and 'rench grap6.growers will fimd in our pper tier of Coities a soil anld clonate a genial to the grape as their own vine. dd hills, bamtg precisel on tihe same arallel of laitutdo as tie 'great wine iaking districts of Spain and Portugal. 'he Swede and .the D.lane will find a4m- c le scope and verge for their talents for lining in our gold and iron and lead )gions, yhilQ cVqntho IHolhiandor; m-vy xercishi lis' cnmiing in drainig the iarash lands of our low colntry, whicb C t)ptgr get..altost, for the asking. Our ivc'tgab6upuding wit -noble fails, are uhling ' to waste, hmlt 'they shouild osopni1d with. the hum of. tthonsatld$ of usy :;pindles. TPhese mlvite the manufa116C. arer of the North, who will ind lhbouir monlg is abundant ad cho-.p, and may ook from his own door 111011 fields vlite with the cotton that, supplies his mill. -1 usiI.nouans.I According to tile eighthl census of Ihe Jailed States, thero were nine hundred d oighty.se'en (98i) miles of railroad -,South Cirolina art the ciQao of the spar 1860, built at a cost'oftwenty.two pillions three humdred and ei'htyfi v. 6391% ; .95,000) c(~linlg.. S" ilhf .ti-rosting t~o absole)o.that he ,iCharleston anai laibutrg road was he firdt passelgerl 'ailway constructed I n th. Uited State 1. wa c omme d ill tile Sprl'inghof .,1p9g and six (0) miies were con )letJ d in tllha'. year. I'. s a. noteWorthy fact; 01hat before 'the . pse >f locomotive was eftablishied ill Great 3ritian, o' they'ei-e ~kniovn ill tile Jitod States, tie directors of t~his road Letermined, unider the advice of their nlginlei ' H~otio' Allent, to make hem exclusi vely the10 moivye power.-. imol1riodii"'steemt1 locom~otiv; enhled Llhe vir. N. Ej Ntiller, of Chiarleston. Up)oni 110 Charleeton anid [.[amj.burg road was ratroduidd in- i83'1, f6r' t ho firstilt nw. onI ny railroad in' tub Wo~1d, tlhe imlportant rrangQ1etnrti fcir (4) whettleItracks ar locomoatives, cand long passenger araa Thfad~ytoatqt are tleig~nra to ranting in men01 #f tdechanical genliul, vit tOcP1i t aL9lc o Ire test, sontha Card hit, thbiongh1 the first to 1itial~o a raiI a spyhe11. , la~as pros(cu. od jt p4y ' il1tx~~ ent1.ov.rr lid tho resources of' her soil. WhoJ~i fa.. ility with which railroads- can be built. a .5ithr Ottro - i ns 6 tr h v han any of ,qualql1~u3gtJp in. thle Ui1d~ Itates. ' I \vod~d'rcmmnendltio e ster thjese gpehkt dnd benefient pdbpc ~toieys by the Statcio'di may e consistent vlthle. proppr. imainlte.I Ia3icO ofbotherijnpportant. .pnli0 inter ste. A t tile esame t~ime. .4ha# 'railroad j o hiio should be generously, but,.I houkl be enacted to regiulate their itarife - f'char oa fot''.ffdiglltsl and pessengora, ifb oth o' thof :y 6j1 reas all casties IV &i1'iYoggqssiyo jtfs end~ check fhe redesmldenuterprisooffio people.. .'%T~hie Ihts #Ridga.Railroad;.Comnpany if Sonth'Cava~W~as eh'art ered, by 4he Jgcfft'i4'of this State In 1A5i ;a ut ~ava pvrtted the prosecntion of theo r6yk itiun it. Tlt1t g IQ VI.~ is far experildd atiid collars #,6, 0) dollar*1 Th6 additional) am~ount eqiMt 'it is stated' the ttiooct lions es lieer ton.Already oon~ ~. Th~4E~LThe mount of one million thared hundredand cn'thouisand dollara (1uti OO.n) 'Thepysel , bonded debt of the Com. Watkg wtwo hundred and thir y thqu n ollars ($230,000), spoured 7 a tnorgage on. the road and .its rune ung stek.: Mr. J. V. Harrison' Presi lent of the Conipany, states in a recent tport tltt he has made of the condition id prospects of the Blue Ridge -Rail. oad Company that "all that is expected f the State is that she shall guarantee he bonds of the Company for, any, hroo millions of dollars, to be issued in uch sums and at . such times as the rogress of the work may require. And hat the Stato shall provide for the avietit of'the interest on the bonds liilo the road is being built. For ex itple, the Coipany could perhaps ex ied one million of dollars a year for lireo y}eats ii which liile the road can ' completed. The Stintt woul provide >r interest. on $m1,000.000; First year $70,000 )econtd year 1 40,000 Tird year 210,000 $.120,000 b Iliat by an x pinndittre of four hin'. ired auid twenty thouzsid dollars, to be aised by taxation in three years, this rent enterprise would be secured. The ktte would have ample security for her uaranty. A first morlgage on t lie road hus eligibly located, costing X7,500. 00, with-a debt of only three mil. ions. li view Of tLhe great conimercial im. ortaine of tliq Blhte ridge Railroad to i sections of. Lhe State, and of the large mount of its stouck that the State nb eady holds, I recommend that your onorable bodies will. take itto your arnost consiieration the expediency of urnishing the company such timely id as will secure its speedy cmple. loll. ''he Ilue Ridge Railroad when coi. doted will give us a direct connection, pon the shortest line, with the great West, with ill its iniexliustible supplies ,f pork, beef, corn and wheat, and will bus chcapan many of the necossaries of ife to our peoplli', and at the same time urnish a valuable outlet for our own roducts. 'hie city of Charleston is the earest of all the Ailantic ports to the reat States of the West, and by the unstruetlon of this road the wealth of lnt imperial region will be poured into terJ-ap. Site may then cast ofd' her widow's reeds, and become again the "Queen Jity of the South." 1 will hereafter submit for the consid ration of the General Assembly a plan t State hid for thjis road, dif'ering some vhat from. that set forth by its Presi tI1, based upon the proposal of the tist conpeteut railroad men. TilE 1 iiniM.\EN'S nUIltEAU11. The assistance rendered by. the Bit can of Refugees and Freedmen to the >eople of this State, has been most time y and ,valuable. W hio it has cared or large numbers of destitute poor, who roim physical infirmity or otherwise vere unable to labor, it has at the sameo ime'iado judicious advances ofprovis ons to our planters, secured by liens ipon their crops, without which ad van :es, thousands of laborers, now usefully inployed, would be necessarily idle, md thousands of a,.ros of land, now caring abundant crops would bo lying mttilled. It has ntot only beent the chief >rganizer of lao nteState, during li paust two years anid a half, by super nsing tihe execution of equitable con raets between emplloyers and employed, inforcing the rights of both, but it lhas naugurated and sustained a wide spread mystoem of schools, that, havo been open o all withlout distinct ion of race or color. As, however,, the civjl functions of the aeare being rapidly resumed, I have ptformied Major-Gqneral 0. 0. Hloward, .gmmilssionerc of the ~ureau, that, it may >0digpeiised with ats an institut~ion in .his rate, immrediately after the civil >licrs shall have' been elected in the state, and sh'aill enter npon the duties of .heir 'respective offices. The se~veral fustices of the Peace can dischargo the luties that are nowv performed by agents fthbhiirean. I have, howvever, re luestedl that our people inay continue to 'edlvo the benefit of the School Fund f t~he Bureaui as long as the saie is dis mesed i the-several Sot herni States or the benefit, of the poor. VSPENSION OF THEl. .wit? OF~ HIAnEAS I iniu four ttttention to Section 24, A rticle 1, of Ihe Constiitution, wuiolh leelates that the power of suspending ,bellase,.or the execution of the lawh, ihlneeereli exercised but by the Gent. iral Assembly ore by- authority derived herefroni; to be exeisedi in such par icular cases only as~thaGeneral Asbem-~ >ly shall expressly. provide for, -W hilo 1 atisfied that, tloer-is no -orgalligation in ,ho. State, having foi its ohject, resist. ico to thbe laws an~d constituted author ties, yet.prudenice would; suggest that ,htGeneral Aesembly-shotuld authorize .he Governor to enspend the writ ol 'iabar corpus %hen in cases of rebellion >ruivasion the public safety may require ,"or wyhen from~ serious local distur. neflo, t-he due coprso of lawv uay be ob. tracteg. I wouhld also recommuendt~ the assngea o fan at, fro41ting that when ni >arjy jS;/chargdd wvth crime in any hunty, and it sahmopI' appear upon lipper sworn test uiotny, that justice will int- b done the 8eti 1pol)jha trial ,oi aid party in the (count, ''wleroin, $ 1mite wap alleged ti lhave been commita od, hat theti tlh, i tab~sall be entitled .o a change of venue to the nearest adja ient County whereinj'ustio-oan be done Joth.to the Stat,. h a qvised. It !hod iasc bepo tit county 'rm'whicoh sch o~~g oriosojs 1igd ~ijS~lf o'fthe, . h..be requir. dto pay thae , cleoote of hbe ORGAW.lWAWION.OP TJJE MIL1TIA, 1lito Nur attotlod to Anttlo 13 if th#Ciitneti~n $roviding' for the >rganirzatlon of the militia of this '5 ate. &. well regnlated militia bain~ ecsary.. to the security .of a free State, I trust that the Gune'al Assembly will tako action upon this important subject at an early day. I am assured that the quota of arms to which the State may be entitlod according to tho number of her organic. ed militia, will be promptly furnished by the War Department, upon the trans mission of -thu pIOtper reguisition. I respectfully request that the Governor may be authorized to make requisition for one-half of thoso arms, in the pattern of Springfield rifle, in general use in the United States army, and for the other hull in the improved lreach-loading Sptingfield rifle, now being altered at %t the United States Arinnals, from the new pattern of muzzle-loaders. 1 sug. gost that ih General Assembly shall deignato by lawv the depositories. for those arins. As asooi as the militia shall be organ. ized and eqluipped, the military forces of thu United States, now in the State. pursuant to the itWconstruction Acts of Congress, may with propriety be dis. pensed with. Although that force has been of great value in extending needed protection to tihe people, yet the con iinail presence of the mil it ary, is a re proach t.' a Repulblican State. Our government miust rest uipon obedience to law, nii upon tslit willing support that the ciizen should give to ihe institutions tha, protect him. Mii.iTAltY ORicits, The several Military Commanders have issued general and special orders during. the existence of the Provisional Goverment of the S t a t e, which 1 recommend that you will declare of binding force until ropealed or rendered inoperative by acts of tho General As sembly. The orders referred to relate to the collection of debts, the stay of proceedings in the Courts in certain cases, and the relations of landlords and tenants, &c. It will prevent great dis turbance and inconvenience to many of our citizens, if the operation of those orders is continued until they can be substituted by the necessary laws. In deed, the Supreme Court of the United States has decided more than once that military orders, issued pursuant to an Act of Congress, for the government of any domain acquired by conqust, con tinuo in forcepcr so as law until formal. ly repealed by the regularly organized civil government. TJ'ho decisions to t hich I refer, are found in 20th How. ard, page 276, -case of 10ugeno Leitens dorfer and Joab Ilouhgton, Plaintiffs in error vs. James J. Webb ; and the case of Cross vs. IHarrison, 21st Howard, p. 66.- The former of these two cases was brought up by writ of error from the Suprene Court of tho Territory of Now P Mexico, the lamter came up by writ of error from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District. of Now York, and action was brought to recover baclk dues paid at the port of San ld'ranoisco, California, upon the demand of an officer of the army, who was acting as collector of that port under a military order In both cases the Supreme Court of the United States held that .the executive aui.ltority of the United States proporlv established'a Provisional Governmenr, wMich ordained laws and instituted a judicial system ; all of which continued in force after the termination of the yar, and until modified by the direct legisla tion of Congress, or by the Territorial GAovernimnt established by its authori ty. Although the case of South Carolina is not identieal with that of New Mex ice or the Territory of California, yet the samne principle of expiediency, would appear to be involved in all, and the SaR1BO wise poliOev reilires the mainten. anice of many existinig military orders to bridge over the transition period that mnust intervene between the cessation (of the military government and the enact ment, by the Ge-mral Asseinibly of the statutes nece~sary for' the regular uadmin istration of the State in Its various do pa$rtmenlts, An incident oecurrcd thuis morning full of poctie justice. lLr, S4am Utoklerson, an excocdingly black gentleman of color, as. r,..ld McGregor Mackey, oin the pubi1lic stroofe In the presence of a large ummber of p'eople -of all conditions, and all sorts of political beliof.E Mr. Dickerson, whose Ian guiage on Iho-oceasion was muoh more forcd blo - taa chaste, .subjccteod Mackey toe a torrant ofocoarso abuse, which the historio muse is abnirost toinpied tui repeat. -The dramatic propriety would 'have pechb dom ploto, if Diokerson had only done whatt lie threatened, and actually thrashed: him.-. IHoi poignant would have been the reiloe. then to tephilanthropio Mapkey, as lhe winced under th~e lash, .that . the, spirit erf manhood, whbich he, as a member- of the pruty of groaf motal ideas, -had contributed to raise la the breast of the l6ng oppresed African, should have muado .one among its earliest essays on 'his own unfortunate briek and shoulders; - The eld'or Mackey, liko Mf f'. Oargery, is decidedly don the rampago," It.' ''cporfcd that he made a speech this ovenhig to his adhierents', in which he savagely denounced his'odpponenta, 'and wrought hhmself tip io 5su9h a plich of fury, that lio a1litst did what ho asserted the Oarolinians .would do to..morr'ow-if lisa elootion shouild be announo, 0(d, that Is foamed at the mouth. (6'harleston Mercury, ScRaTrcHEs I? fnssa.-----W1h paru. fectly clennf wvith onst1lo sortp) and warm water, thon Applyg while warm, .au olntmoiht ofujngowvdor mixed with sWeet cfoam ow ' I~" b'uttbr, totm on trial,otr.rorswoly, dcoonn xu$s; a pply every smorning,<i after washing clelugan olnntment 'composed of a tea, spoonfM of lied~ with ap niuoh. -am [ Amedcan-Stoc owten Feo:nales 4e'gt 11~~ kia'd their way into tho watch maldng buai unl08 Bneikil of Bnuj. (R. Stuart Faq., e fore the Immigration eetingiat Winne boro, Fairfield Distriot, July 18, 1808, Mr. Stewart said Mr. Cbliiruan--Whilo gentlemen are .signingf heir nanes to the roll of the Socie ty, I am retquested to address the meeting, and I do so willingly, because this is the onily public mcasuro7 in which I have et'r taken enthuslastio interest, deeming it best as a rule for one of my profession to leave public speaking to thosowith whose calling it is more consonant to address the public. NEED O POPULATION. Some ignorant people seeilg how qiffletilt it is for the present population to live in comfort, cannot .se how increasing the number of people will help the case. They forgot, that the greater the number of in. d'ustrious people, the greater the produo. tion of all the comforts of life and the cheap er they become: that we will have larger crops and a greater variety gf.productions; that our stores and muanufactories will multi ply, and while thero will be mbro.work of every kind to be done, and greater demand for labor, the wages of work will purchase miore. Now by the conus of 1800, the en tire population of Fairfield District was but twenty-two thousand, but . if Fairfield was as thickly th tied as Belgium, it would num ber about. three hundred and eighty thou sand inhabitanits. If it were as thickly set I led as li'gland, it would number over three hundred thousand people. If as thickly nettled as Massachusetts, it would number over one hundred and fifty thousand inhab itants, anl if settled as thicly as eveu Now York State, it would number near one hun dred thousand people. Now it contains twenty-two thousand, and the negroes work so much worse than formerly, that we may say, that fifteen thousand working peop lo is about our poptulation. It is evident, there fore, that Fairfield District could sustain twenty-five persons to every one person that it. now sustains, and that it could sus tain ten person to one of the present popu lation in the greatest comfort. INUltn:A~s IN TIH VALUN Or LAND. It is a remarkable fact that the value of real estate, by the census of 1850, was not in proportion to the number of inhabitants or the prevalence of manufactures, but in almost exact proportion to the number of foreigners compared with the number of the native population of the different States. In New England, two out of every sixteen persons, in the Middle States, two out of every nine persons only, but in the South ern States, two out of every one hundred and ten white persons (nogroes not being counted) were immigrants, and the average worth of land was $20, $25 and $5, per acre. respeoiivoly. in the three sections. In th1e New England man:ifacturing States, thlpigivilie population W4..n 180.. more than fifty more persons on an average to the square wile than in t le-. MitIdle States, the averago;pi-de Wefldti rwas titonty. dollars. 1iut in the Middle States, with a far less average : population, but with, double the proportion of immigrants, the value of land was'twenty-eight dollars an-nore, while in the Southern States, where there was but ono immigrant out of every fifty-five white people, the value of land was only five dol. lars an acre. I was myself astonished to disaover how invariably prosperity in 1850 was in exact ratio to the prevalence of im migrants amongst the population. Now what is your land now worth on an average ? "Fifty cents an acre," said a gentleman to me last week, "and apoor bar gain at that, with negro labor." It ib, then, the interest of every land-owner to sell one half, or even three-fourths of his land, to introduce immigrantst for the remainder, so soon as. their introduction is assured, will be worth ten limos as much as the whole. EFFEOT UPoN THE NEnoEs. 'And I do net doubt, if you put your mon ey into tli thing, if you'lond' it (foi' you are too poor to'givo anything) to the Immi gration Society upon some judicious plan to be hereafter adopted, the very first effect will bo, that the present negro labor which we have, iwill be stimulated to greater exor tions and greater effiieney, your crops will be immediately inercasea, and the inc~omo capital, trade and business of Fairfielhl will be immediately doubled Not only will your land rise rapidly in value, but its an nual income will ha greatly enlarged. ciiAnIAOTrin A~n 1)wEALTn 0oF IMMIGRLANTs. But those ignorant or prejudiced on this i iijoct, imiagino thlat immigrants are an in ferior'set of pe'ople. The censuis proves that they are as initelligent in every respet, as thq formter slavg-holderss and white .peo ple of the. South, .because' I have bhen et ruck 1 y the fact, in examining t~he figures, that, nine out'of' every hnundred in 1860 was the rat-io of those who could not, read to thiose who coubtl, both amongst, the white people of the South and the foreign popula. tion of the United States. They are then an educated and intelligent, a sober, indus trious and religious people, and too, If they once0 commonce to come, .they will bring money with them besides. It, is stated on high authority, that,, so far as the govern ments of (herpamy. and our own government, could got, possession of the facts, Ia 1850 the Geormans alone, who constituted but one half of the immigrant, pepulation, .were brinmging over fifteen million dollars of gold every year with tt~om, so that thu whole numiler of immigrants, then, brought to us annually thirty million dollats *in gold. 'They' with bring it here, and they will Intro duco greater variety In our agricultural pure suits, for without more and better labor It cannot, bodone. VAlEYIN AoIeULTDaU, With more and skilled labor, we can tri ple our-incomes In-a for short years. I know it to bea'facthtinleirsytmO ounty, North'Caroliria, alone, one 'huhdredd- thou sand dolhters wa4 ma1e last' yeal y export ing dried fruit, and 'one mercanIl house cleared nine thousand dollars. Can we not, rainnd dry fruit .-here ? -Dr.- Vitter., of 8 c40 leared twelke~lttadlfed Aelsita.ih ,1849, by shipping early apples by railroaq~. Cannot, we do the samq? I Iknow thptt with 1nanare in bui- tinrivalled climate, agr-ioultu.. ral wonders can boe iforpied. I kilow of eigity, buahelu of corn beIng mna4e, and two crops of ha'y hisver than any' majlo to the acre in 1w 6York, reaped' froit the same ground th'e very s'ame year,., the soil, thien, ploubed itp to .manure4, An4 . a, o pf 'turnips aeld frena it in the Ohar~estda trit. ket .that 1tinther. There' is n(d geloeul ing Uie inorhtseln 'the value of lantf frem4 ig system of oplture. In Johngon. Obmium of ColinonELio you will f1g ~t4t~ the h~Ip lands Ina ui ry contin hye~ wor-th, in large tracts of as Maiy ae a e. di-ed ao-os, twenty-five hn ned doll'ars per. acre, anu that iny dollars per acre is spent every .ear itn btaanring the[0, qed that, they pay well, they pay maguliiently at that, JioW iny ofud ttle b'gd to gbt twin -j~fv hudrd lAv fet hm entireplan. THHN DIIT PLAN. A tegrop~du iug onehwsioq, .ht friendgs an tllbe. "Ihis tihir o am tidn'id a ~erfeet ertity;ad-t ega qtiebtlon Is;shall wo acooplish 'I aoje or leate It- to be. doner by our impoyai'~q 'elildren'* I, fer one8 am for' immediese a., titadedosi'e' to so;.89th OprolIp;: stetiedl to tnpleto prospeity in lyn~ time and by may own generation, -'(p plause.) But one offeditive plan, i, apar. to meo, has beon proposed. It is the lan of' a Joint Stank Comm..y wth shar.. if.. ty-Afve dollars each, to be paid In five on nual instainments Of fve. 4ol ay epoli All can give alIttl4, or rather lound cut at Inter. ot a little, and if all of the twelve hundred white men of. Fpirfield lile part in a move ment vital to all, a" Company 'witi a heavy cash capital will be inauguarated, and it will succeed. Offers of land alone cannot accomiplish our objet, : or will acomplish it, ;rlowly. Ready inoy, Ir you will combine and land it, will. Ara I desiroto see this present generation In. 0atnest about this matter, and I trust they waji not deter it to be done, when they are all less able to do it, by our skill more impoverished children. Correspende noe Oharleston Mercury. 3Mackey, the apostle of the. new or-. der, then administered, the .oath, aR(d after having announced Robert King. ston Scott, as Governor of this State, exclaimed, dramatically "God - sitvt the Stato of South Carolina," whi upon the entire assembly vith one ae cord took up the response, and shout. ad "God save the State of South Carolina." Others proent silently choed the prayer, with -different sig. nificande. Tho ' vote on the adtokdstoii~ t d;e Anderson members was seisowvhat of l test of the strength of the Macko and Sawyer portions as the former o t i o.e ed the admission 'of tholo *moinberm principally bocauso they wore known to be advocates of Sawyeri'holection, It was not a oornpleto.,tc, . hoveyer,. as some of the Mackey men voted foi the admission from a sense of justice, and othcr# friom policy,as the knowl edge of the fact that this wvas the ground. of their opposition. had; comA inonced to do their cauge utch injury. It is reported to-day that the Mack ey's are furious with General edatt, who is now discovorod'to be anfoppo nent of the election of thegtoatloyal. ist, and men say, there is Much loud bellowing, and infinite tossing of dirt, by these onraged feeders upon public pastures. The little band of Democrats, just porceptible in one corner, representa tives of the "former citizens" indicat ed this nmorniug to the pious loyal their ttter want of political rogenera tion, by voting to a man against the constitutional amendment. Five members-strange to say-did exactly the same impious thing in the Senate, whereat the soul of Cain, in the exer cise of a spirit of Christian charity, which dobh forgive all things, suggest ed to him to inquire of the Senate whether, as the constitution required that the Legislature should ratify this amendment, and as these members had all sworn to obey the constitution, therefore these Senators had not per jured themselves, and rendered it ab solutely necessary for that conscien tious body to take steps immodiatelf for the purification of themselves. It might probably occur to one lacking in that intellectual and spiritual illu. mination which distinguishes the Rev. Mr. Cain, that as no one'mati is an on tire Legislature, and as therefore the obligation of some Ect' to o don by the body collectively could not possi bly affect the froodom of the conduct of each one, therefore-if one-might after a trembling fashion say such a thing of so august an assemblage-to convention had simply made a very foolish requisition upon the Legisla. ture, conpliance with which would no. cessarily be determined by the ehoico of the individualnmembers at tlie last. *SHERM~AN AND GRANT.-A St. Louis telegram in -the ,Chi cago Thie* of the l0t instant, says, that as General Sherman was alighting from a street-car at the corner of Fourtb; and Olive streets, in that city, &ast evening, a crowd surr6'udd him,. asking .him wht "he thuh ftenomninki "of Seymo~ur',and whether h'e would support~him. Ho replied, "It is a bad nomiination, anid wll b6 beaten all to pieces1 Grartw*#1 be elected." Voices itthie crowd repli'ed "W dont Naht the support .o lyou~eburnesg "You wanted the hon 'ban yourself." "You wan4g an elected, so as to get his pr' qat the headof the army a ~ .~ *TnE ?Otto1 OF 1 T VI,.." From time immernoria~lade~t and arrows have been -~t~e rically hu'rd edto a ggtive halls, 1 ek g e Nihanew and ntu;ly No . nal weapon. i .i Ooix' Large, a il sqp membler'froy tbjepy, ip p ig to a voa e o' W19 pp, & pilegd gn tleans. is hi-nless, sir ! inu tho extremes( The hlanfd w4 psra fed. that thr'ow atl e brieia.. A simple rule to ascertail the1 ofth day o.n~hi ~ eottl g''lh 4 the 1 at Lak ihn8 + rarThura