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lu fJ I _ VOL. 11JI S OO .CW D EDi MORNING, JUL , 16.[O FAIRFIELD HERALD IS PULT.ISiI:1) WJ:IFKLY lY 41&iltlgard E1nos1portet & 00 I'rms.--Ti. : iilia.ln is publisheod Wooli ly in the Town of Winnshoro, at 13.00 in varcabiy in advance. g All tramsicut advertiseinonis to b pati in advance. Obituary Notices and Tributes $1.00 p sqitare. [Fail 'nwF lI~iiAl-P.) "'The shields of the earth helong uito (h4 Lord." 11palins 17th. Strange thought, most comforling, That. o'er tlie spirit sicIls With awe, inmastirable, Ch'.ming each liitidein ftear ilach niotioni of unrest; The thought, that mnighty shields Catellitig celestii light, Fb From that white throtte Whereon, tlio King of Kings, Rleigns, Lord Ominipotent, Aro ever held by Hlim Ani llis bright. messengers Twixt. ts and iemon ill! Ho-o'on tie tilly babe Upon Whose nnowy brow Tie cross baptismsal, glows A'rVsh-has slhdicl iot ecl ing All his owni-and dying Pa~sses the jewell'd gates Of leavonly lIoiue--:ts safe, As Christian olh-whoso Rest Is won, by l'aith inl Those same Shields rerllgenitL Upon nitose shiling face The cross of sut'ering Christ is sIan pel-'oreverl -The shields of nil the (artl Unto fihe lord belong," 'l'ake heart ye wari-riors, i i 1110 Stril' ilulilliolt!Z, It'God abuve iti he, IllIding Wlli .rm111 o rl eh41cli'd The if '4' his Love, Yulre baitle mu1.st hlk" won, And yotra ill' extiltant cry, "Oh Der th! where is iby siing And Orave -I i y Viet ory ! Siy La W. Mr. Stephens llaintliaed, tat te lawhpstponliing the) purIld -(i for~ n&m y. and sale of property unde41r exnmotin, wias of fhte naiture o' a1 statuto oe imita tion. Its constituitionlity w .i to be tested upoll the salic prinoip IS. If the time was reasonable and defnito it clld iot be ,aid to interfero yith or impair the obligation of cgitracts. This was a law regulating thotniuedy. The obligation of i t ra isone thinig, anid the remeldy an1othet. The obligiationi of a coitiati ill(tIe in itse If. It springs froll its rddity, with it proi-ii ilterpretat-ion f its terms under tile laws regulatill) cn tracts tlcmilIselves, whlOe it is mado aid not the laws regllatiig .Tdicial lroceellngs for holding parios to tilriv legal respolsibilities foj their breaches. The latter class 91 laws are known everywhere as the 1hws of reelidy. Theso latter vary with eve y State or nation. Tlicy never enter into or with it under the "leox loci COntractus" whlerever it goes or in whiatovit fornmw it seeks redress for a birc. I [ ombattod b iroadly and ilorogily the idea that the obligation of contrac included in tihe least degroo tile lawt mado to enforce themi. Stictl~ Jspeakinlg, thero is and~ can be nO 8such thing as enforcing contracts by Judi mll proceedings of any sort. All that thte courts and that class of laws known as remedies can do, is to provide compensation for contracts brok-en b-e fore the courts or remdies arc appeal ed to. The chligation of a eontract i as counscl whio hlad proceeded hiun (Hion. Linton Stephens)haud wellstat. ed, "the liability which the law at. tacihes to the terms used by the 'par tics." This liability or responsibili ty, tis "juris viclm as Judge Sto ry styles it, or this "legal tic," a1s tih< - French term it exists separately ahil diistinoetly in every valid contract with, out anly reference or colnetion wht. over with the laws or judicial proceed igs instituted for tihe purpose of hold ing parties to their responsibilitiest fo breaches of contracts, Rvory perfov and valid contiract has not oly~ a le unity, but, in the language ot Story, legal uebbq'ity of obligation, whiel Founid ntot he if the remoldi41 laws e the place where it is made entereda ~* 4 all into the egsonce of its obligat10o which, bly the Constitution of tih UnIitedl States,.no State can impair. Ifonco an~y dealing with the remeid~ any chango in tile language of 8tom as to the "times and modes" of givin redress for broaches of contracts wi (lees niot imupair this obligation stat d, does not come within the pri hib on of the Constitution of th United States. The Logisaturo-na 4say, thlat no. suit shall be brought on noto after six years from its maturit1 Nio ono has ever contended .thatnti an act mpairs.the obligation of th righit ai ptnefIt theyr sa i1 to' clare by 1a1r Ahij no suit should bo ir stitnted on piromlsory notes 'rfter tw yeara from. their maturIty, eor on 3ea, 01o ay shr11or time, provided it wIS reasoImibly long in (l jidlgmenciit (f (lie Courts for parties iterested , to look after their right s. 8th an-t ion of tho leg"islatuire it i., aohitted onl all sie v oul aff1ect noeMnade befolre, as well ats t r. It-, i: also aOnittel that sur-h actio would heinstitutiou al0. W ell, if" it is- con)S1tiutional fr the legilature in providig reitelici for broken contriacs, to dieniy all remt edy after six years, or two years, or one year to the holder ofta ;pto witl out Mipairing the obligation of the contract, is it not just as constitutioi al to provido that whon parties Comle into Court to sock redressfo rtr breaches of contracts, that an o-eually reasoina ble timie slIlI be allowed, before final execution shall be awvardted without, impairing the obligation of the eoi t ra I That certainly reizainis as in fact by the logislature in the one in stance as the othor. If the oh iga t ion is unimpaired when all remiedy is barrod in the one ease, equl:ly so is it in the othelr when there i only a revs ontable postponement of (he e unpena dion awarded for. its broech. If lie was right inl showing that this a4t of the iegisititure fell properly withi that Class of ltvS as remedies, Ithe he quoted 31artsha.. ; remarks as nit only applicable but potent oi the questin, when li said : "Witoiuit impairing ile obligation if the coitract, the remdy itiy cut tiinly lie Itodified ais the wixiloi of the nation tmay direc." lie also quoted as pertiinent and having force on this <uiestion, inl his opinion, the remlark ot . ustico dohn sNO t Ae U. s. Suprei Court in, a a casa where he Said: "The rigt1. then of creditors to the aid or the jmblic .11arm for tie recovery ot contracts, is not absolute anid mi inited, but may be tdilied by ie necessities of society." The poiciy of this att of the legisla ture, .11 ..StephiIs vindientel at great longth, 11111 tilailied that it was es seitial Oilr the c.red iitrs as a elks as it wa.t for (the dtbt>r.. Without it, or soiethi ing like it, (he obligation of the eintrict. tlofirkdi.. tors I:, at ebza- 1hog:h pao feet'wouldI be aliimost worthe. while unatvr the pro vi.ion of the nct the oligation e inming unimupairedo, full coipenc.iat iol miLt 1, h et - (Ieneral Cobb held the act of ilie logisla ture, called tAy laws and in-. stalnent. Iaws," impaired the obliga tioni of contracts, anid onusequently miii constitutiona l and void. 'he true doctrin'! to be drawn fronm all tie nrgument and authorities he said, is this: That the Legisl4at ire hld nto authority to in t rere w i ti the COn tracts ot parties neither directly by changing them, noriiirectly biy legis lating onl thle mode of entforcinlg thema. IThlie begisltIare i; an for tite urpi -e t g ivinlg llicaet t) ~ntriact, rald thert y IavIee the Sms of justice, deal1 with the remedy ; but this itwer' can neve be exercisel with the view ant for (le purpose of relieving the par ties frow the legal elfocts of the von tracts Which they have voluntarily as sumed. Where there is just e.ise of coinpli t by eitier party, that tlie existing remetly promtitsed b~y tho law fails to afford the bonefit or reliet to wIlich ho is Ontitled by his contract, lhe can call upon thlie Legislituiire so to nodify te remey, as to arn ishi the benei t, or relietf to whichl hiis con triact ent itles him i, andi the LIegislature tenn constitut iona lly respond to sutch an tiispeal. I hit where (lie compltaint is not atgtainst the remedy which thle- law gives, hat against (lhe clontratct which te p iartylhasimade, te there tecomplaint. (Gen. (Cobb quoted lairgely -from the oinions ofC Judlges Marshall andi Story in defence otf his p~ositions. i~e . argued1 in exdtns'o that the Legislature of the State, imipairs (lie obligation of cimtracts., . lat. Because in thie mfodificaition1 of remedies for (lie collection of debt, the . colletion of the samo is ito ha mperedi with conditions and1 postponieents as11 to greatly lessen their value, and al Imost renders (lie collection imipracti Icable. 2d. Because it gave an unijust ad vatage to new over old1 creditors. - . d. Because it gives pr'ocodentce to -- foreign over domiestie oredlitors, as; the former can collect their dlebts through the Federal Courts, whilst the hands 1 I of' the latter tire t ied uip.------.illedg~e r vilelo Rcorder. S!Gust av Doriet', ihn' wvoinderfuil illustram' lor of cltassics, is st ill a friequenit sublj'ct ao(i conver'isat iont ini Prisi. 110 was born iSrsbrg it 1832, andlt so may he regar'ded nas half Ge'rmnan in his oniym, Il jticommienedt bia marvelons hahors blin only 1 6, on the1( Journad pourt Rirt iwhr histlL~1 ti ca rc itres gatined him i tt' flirt beiginninigs of lame. This braunelF of' arta eorems to be his torte. i s woike arc cireoady mor'o .nimerons than any h lalf-doze.of the oldest artiste in the whlole course of thirlives. a A lump ofokttkenfrotthe North1 Ai Carolina gold mines, treighiing five h poonds, is on exhibitionitt $taitesville, C Not aoia It is the largest lump foruid ini LJio Stato sincq 182'8. 1'Nineteen thousana me~n have beet1 0 reocruited for tfie regular armiy sinot Later from1 Europe. Alf1CR VALL 0.V WIS-E 13R EIY3.EN. CO31 A E NQuI IN' TOF1 lt08FlO l.lT l'l-S. NcinY Yoiix, July 2.-The vltenmhip lire men has arrived wi-th dantes to Junte "0. 'russia and liily had formally deolired wall. againtst Au.s triak. The Pi tusians entered DIresden June 1.), Ihe I King ol' Saxony witiirawing to Itlle. mia. Ilis army etfected a junction with he Ausx'reins. Diplomnatic relations have been broken between Prttssia and Bavaria. The lArussiansoccu py Hanover and throat tin Fra nk furt . An eitng:gee)int. look place betwon the 1rn1Ssians am11i 1lssi-ina neiar Frankfort, in Which I a iegiicit. oI 'he latter were almiiost, entirely anntililttted. The Austrians are hourly OxpOOted in Saxony. The States of Oleidlnirg and AnMai-.havo withid fi i roim tie Coi federa "ioln. A bat t oe is expect e: near Franktort, be tore which place atre assembled Wtirty to liity thousatd Federal troops. Tle Federal plan o oprtions is sild to be tar he re oiprest. of Iloiatein. Tho Austrians commenced hostjilties, June 18, by 0trossing the Silesiant froUt ier at, Guitlimla, and( firing onI thle Prustiansl-. The ittter have not crossed the Ausriani frontier but, the repot 411- ate lit, Ihey are pithilug to. wa'rds; Ikhem~jia. Tlirlty tliousanl I'rassi.ins o.cupied Ilo olern, Iwo miles fron Leipsic, and subse quently the Wuritzen and Kisa ltailroad. The B-itish .\inistry hias beent dutecid On11 ana menitidilment, to lie Itelorim Bill, which was cailed igainst the (loveriient. by eleven majoiiy. G lalstone coumniIcated i n coniseqiuence wit I Ithe Qteen it ilnoltn1n. hate.L (rr0l El lropc. AI\IVAL OF Tili-' CU11A. NHw Yottx, Jully 2. --The steantship Cuba has arrivd firomn Liverpool .lune 23 via Quteenstevwn .lnitle 21, wit hi three dtys's later newsi. No collision of iaignititeo imd occured be tweca tile bitlligerents, butl battles wero ex pected near l-atklfort, attdl in Saxony and Silesia. Tle first, stock of aris will piobably take placo in Silesi. Th Prussitis have entered Anstrian Silesia Tho Italian ar my crosed t Iho Minio .inno 2:1 withoitt. op. position, having given three days' notice to the Atstriatt cotmiander.i that littly would, ont that, d-ty int:lttl'ntte hostililties. The italian Mitnistry has been reorganized tnl der lieasol:t. At is tat ited that, Cardinlal Antionelli has resigned, anil that he will be rttceedal'el by Citrilnal Altieri. wNArisa-ro::, .Inly 25-. Tho Coniferenco Coittiittee of bot1it-tous 'ngreed on the, l'arii Exposition il, only substituting etrrency lot' coin. h'Ilto 1ilt goos to 1t Pre.,ide:. . 'The tuse passed a re'..lt ion reques ting the President to inform thke llouso whet her the poerons of loyal citizens of the bniteti States are stinliciet ly protected in 41le soul'tirin State.), and whether any addition al legislation was ilecessary to cloth him with sullicient anthority to protect till loyal itwizens of snues recently itn rebeliin in tit eij'.ymleitt of the constittiinal rig .is Tile Confreit nlte CoimltmitItee amtiged the diiferences btWetee tie two HIouses ott til! Freedmiiient's Bureauk Bill. ant the Pill goes to I lie Presidentfi approvil or rejceedona. Wuilligtll .\fWS, Wa.sninrox,.luly 2.-The Senato has counmed Joseph M . i1Iitnphreys as Collet tor of CtuIt omis ft' 1ichntltd, Va. Thle Clhie of Ordnance, it a coinitatiijon to Congress, ssays ti.at the retention of lIar pr's Ferry is not necessary or advania goous to the publio ittierostt, and advisos that all pthlio lands. buildings, and other property thero he sold, altil I hat I te pro coedsotthese lliho applied to the con struction of the Western armory. Repori Of the ltoscall-rifilnell Ollilit tee, W.xiatutros, July 2. -epesetative Spahllintg, lankth andt 'tayer, I Io maijitiy 01' the Spec~ial (Comitttto ont thte Itasseau-. G rinnioll atl'air', maele a recpot t o-d ty. 'IThe it tondlemn louseant f'ot' cariing Grintnell, on the gr'otund t htat atn act. of' I iolence againist. a llepret'ottive itsi ancnt. of insurrtcti joy agiitst tho poaplo Ito represents, aind t hat llosseaut oumittitedl an intexcutsable broach 'df thIt pii'ltgesa of' tho louse. 'Tihoy, tereforo, off'nt a resolution for hIs expail siin. wIlj they t'ecomndl antothter reso. itt ain sayintg t hat I th petrsonail t'efleciIons of tlrintnol I ott ltnsseaui, in debtato, mterius the dlisappritoval of i toe tins. Th'Io mi notily, lhaymtond and Ittigunt, while contcutrrintg gen eratlly in the vjews of ihe majority, ptroposo Itht Ilosseaut be only t'ept'imanded. Tihe re port1 will Ite heren tem' contshleed. Sydney (Clarke this inornting received a lo-. gram from Leoavensviorth, Jkansas, say Ing thtat Sotialor Litno, of that Slate, shot hitm se.lf thlrought th6o headl lasi. nigh, and died( it nino o'olock to-daty. Sonatr Latto left. Washington eight or tort d'ays ago, anid at iho limo cotmplaiined ot' being untwell ; sutffering fromt ntervotus debtIlity. NEW ORIC, *iunto 30.-All appros htensiotmnlaot chiolora here' havd' ceats od. Thoro is a cas.o occasionally, but 11 t xcitos ontly local attention. Quar anitino is also fro'co from thto scourge. No donths 01r ad ditiona8 yesterdtiy from Bill Proposing thle Anneration of the British Provilldes WV.itmrnorox, July 2.-Mr'. Bannka initroduceod a bill ini tha H~ouse of' Rep. bresentative~s to-day, e'stablishuing conidi tionis by which thei States or Nova Sco hin, Now Brutnswick, Oahanda Est rnd West and the Territories .of- CJolumbia, Solkork and Saskotehum could I be ani Inexed to the Ulnited Statos. As-an ir-~ ducoment (or theso provinces to lannex themselves to (te United States, the' hill proposes to pay the debt of each1 which amounts 'in the aggregate to $85,000,000, bosidegs pledging'tho .Uni ed States to pay the, Hutdsoi Bay Comn. panl~y $100,000,000 for cortain posses ionts.' Late from Europe. HALIFAX, July 2.--h0e prepnra tions for war continuo night and day. The Federal troopsat Frankifort are much dimsatisfied, complaining that Alustria pats thei in dlanger before she call oilor protection. The Prussians took the Fletor of Hesse and his Primo Minister of War. The Prussians left a sinall garrison in Dresden, and advanced into Bohic ii without resistane. A slight collision occurred between the belligerents in Silesia, and the Austrians retreatod. Concerning the conunnication of. Franco to Austria the Vienna Presse says that Franco denies. any agree nicit with Prussia. If Austria is sue cessful and does not menceo the exist ing Kingdom of Italy, auf does not ad vance beyond Milan, Frince will not inteorfere, but will assist in concluding peace on a permanent. basis, and further, she proposes for Italy to pay indemnity to ,i.stria's renunciation of the fruit of victorv? St. Petersburg advicoq deolare that 110 troops have been mnoved to the frontier and her policy is noii-iii-Ldr vention. A revolt broke out in Madrid oni the 23d. The insurgents furnished the populace with arm.-%, barricades were erected and fighting comminced. After an obstinate reisirtance the in iuirgeits surrenidered at disuretion. Narvaes was woinded. (oncral Prim had been alrested at Bayoinne by the French aitholrities. The London O>scrver- sys that a mo tionl-will be iado in the House of Commons expressivo of confidence in the ministry, and promising the favor able consideration of the teform mear ures nextsession, if the. ministers do not announce the dissolution of Parlia mn n t. News Items. WASnINGTON, Juno 30.-It is be lieved the Prosidelnt will Neto the now Froodniis' Bureau and Tarifl' Bills if they pass in the form aA reported by the Committee. Tie amendments adopted are even more prohibitory (han the original bills. Gon. '11. Grimes, of Nojhm Carolina, has been pardoned byth4 'reidmt. A Ril bef'oro tie Sonate fixes the c0111oensation of the Collectorsof Gal veston and Brazos Santiago, at fifteen hundred dollars. MONTr.F.in, VT., June 30.-The Democratic State Convention nomina. -d Chas. A. Davenport for Governor, an0d reaflirmed their trust and confi dance in the principles of the Demo era tie party and endorsed President J~luin's restoration policy amid de Ima ndel the taxationi of thle United Satesbol. WASnINGTON, .June 30.-The Sen ate confirmed the nominations of Mar tin F. Conway, of Richmond, Va., Ex Member of Congress from Kaisas as Comnsil to Marseilles, France : Chas. Davis, of Nashviillc, ' Temnesseo, and Joel Grossard, at Windsor, N. C., as Collector of Customs; I'liomas L. Cutlhbert as Naval Officer, Charleston, South Carolina. Pm.Anr.iru, June 30.-The Con mittee of arrangements for the recop tion on th h of Jily,have provided aecomtimodat ions for the President and Cabinet, and Generals Grant, Meade and Ihancock, at Lapierre House. WASH5IINGTON, June 3O.-Maj. Genm. Johni ltopo~ succeeds U~ooker', at iNew York, relieved in "conseqjuence of con tinued ill health. Uancock takes Popes place in thme West. The Special Committee of the Sen ate have agre to reota billapr priating four mnillionsa f~r' temporary repairs on tihe Mississippi Levies. The bill will past the Senate, andl several of the most prominent Members of the H~ouse inadicate their intenltion to vote for it. The 4total receipts from initernial reveinno customs, miscellaneous sour cos, sales of public lands and direct taxes from sales of public Ilnd for the fiscalyeaf mding & will it is esttd mted t theo Treasury Department, foot up over five hund red agd fifty,' million d61la'r; reeiins frominmiernal revenue, as estimated, will be three humndred and seventy million dollars. Di~rect talx about two million. From miscellaneous souroo', sixty4vo' mild lion, and from- sales of publ lands about six hundred thousand dollars. ITh roe persons wore pardoned to-d ny jby tho President, Mrs. Mary Cali, Mrs. Mar'y WV. Anderson and 0. P. Daniel, of Green county, Ga. All of thesn opplicants como1 under the $20J, 000 dlauto' of thv Anehty ProdIaina tion. I WAsnINoeToN, June 80.-The gen ate adopted a resolution instruoting the Committee on Pubilo Buildings and to itiquirn . into toe propriety of pwi~eliasing grou~ds, not less~ than .n' hundred acred, for a jubio park and site for the Prosident al Mansion. Thp Albay Argusr says that some sforting mn OnUs onty-oti6 a citIdn of aom0predes tisstnding.' ha4' beej hold in 1l000 bonade for th& effenee of poisonIg a race-horao of a ,rival.- The nob!o animal- withstood the effoects of the drug long enough to win the race, and fell doid at the judgewi stand. Up to the 27th ult,, 119,624 omi grants arrived lat the port Of New Vork. The tinher to theiame dite last year was 70,10-.1 ,-It is reported that Glovernor Fair child, of Wisconsin, will not call an1 extra session of the Laegislaturo of that Stat-e, untilessl there is it unitan mimity of action itn lil the States. On the 2?tlh nit., in the Connecticut Legislaturo the liose, concurred with the Senate in ratification of the Con stitutional Anendnit, by a straight party vote. A hundred guns were fired on the G reen in ionor of the oe casion. Connectient is the first Stato to ratify the .mA enldinelit. Senator Lanie did not die immedi ately. A Leavenlwortlh Dispatch says he was alive ait the latest accounts, but liuconscious and without hopes of recovery. Tejoillt resoliution alttiorzing lie )urchase for $50,000 Oh a law library bas passed the Sonate. There is tmuch excitement in Nicara !o over discovering orglid in, Chieritals District. ,The Gve . 'f Chili 11:1ve forbidden 3panlish sulljiect tIo Ctri' the ITerritory If tle l H-pi~ilie anid ordred those resi'd ig to leave widim Liiinry day.4, There will be aniother revotltioli jeLha ps inl Ltili. PresidentL Perez's imo.3nge was re ceived with hisses a i' exclaimations of division. A letter has been recei ved here frmil Major-Generd Magriidtr, lato of le Confiderato army, asking a friend to inltece(lo witth the 1iiitedi States Gov ernment in his behaf, written from die city of Mexico. Magntler says "I want permlission t return to ho ti Unitled States -th liipervial Governinit as gone to hill, and tins io toIlney, and111 we tave to get. away fromti here. \t ay have already left. 'ric, Imyelf, ait a few olers yet rel ait, bt n eill mus \ 11it look olnt soue tp.ice to go Io. Tli'-. ii Io hop1)( tor anlyth ing mor-e hlere." The stene.or Matlie an.] tihe 4teiior Herot, With tw . e n t gers al a hirge mail1, Itine day1*s- from1,0z11 Hanl Liago, arrived hen-. at. thiwne . M., in) distrest. The . vanwr Matt ie is a wreck and the stvamer I I erot oit. of coal. Mattamoras was sitrren'drel on the 24th of June by Imperial General Mejia to (eneral Garsen, of t tie Libera I a rmy. Genii. Mejia Al'erez a1,l sta 1, with portion of their couii:l are enroito to Verit Crniz. atii nt ali M wat tamloras quliet. The E batol of cot u '.t sa0te who is; (n hlis m .. inl t; - : , : ty ;. "Thllree -forthsI! of the landi :it eetton Which I have sVeen e ulot, lr b r t most favoyable fm-ntan1ft to s more tihn ane third do an onr ie I ;aIwv olli in ib kt e1 m m11 1y, qff1of b tr 120 or 1.30 acrev, which a i i I am suei na lae no bale of cotto. ThIle satoev land I havo seen i il cot ton befor "th War, wile it, yieldei from fitly to sixty bales. Onl another ploaition in the slate county I noit a ic liIhl of, 40 or 50 aicres which I ai 9s. a'lo make a Single bale. 1. do not, protenid to saty tha thas twoi i cre ..rf ir1. exam ohsoe3 of oat-e ost't f t chrote, f dto wilt hownever, th at ere bynioa n~uters o~ nch cases."i uati.~n DIsliS P hed B 0. Peri lt EM t I ttro A I~s~rialt r 1.. iil ' W taI ~ llC, i hely llowing arittbr if decriptions ofsome r~o tg ms ale 0caacgtos whofiiir figur in49 the at eolt guion Thale Aet STind at ofn LS., il uto av THEr Ai ncv r.I cse ofar. Thoe woallya distinneit Leidterso tte rAut rn marmy are itcfolling:mbr and Pnelalwell avnc enr dgo Tey SchatenbuStrgmaethol ctuitpaign.o Mfnaryha dn li840, isat of talyagainst. yearls fAge, pard itht ofr89, ntheo tise whon apea d'tne t1 tiso cprec datesommndsr the l owiVan: The wAichduoke Albrt, ben of ths imorta Pr~ince vCharyeera linry de iieso, Masl' al de aso i set veyte frctivermind antd habts., ai arertv d.at irn the battle 'Noa Wagram, 'Iin l wiihe t ook artnbeing ins s~ eln. Ju e~sent~w years. In b h 164ide tie Antuand iy o thvlt PIdmn ts lyrt 1.itingebuised Novasr at The bItl tas egar him'as i auvo'ry fomby e en engf,-andll adivtht, h wilive urto rie ScArt noburgo is Mata well ~nddeiki'h tir' ors'ouinoamtwithd fwhtt'dtbo chinge o.th0 ight~ bakof the D~ntbe? A t h# 'att44f agena h Austrians. At.8 >lferino Ito was in the left. wing, opposed to Glen. O'Neill. 1[o is ono of the most brilliant oflicers of the Anatrian army, and is, morover an au thor. Marslial llendick is only fliity vighit. WA hile a colonel, in Is18, Its fought in the campaign against, thi l' icitontese. In 1859 ho commanded i (te Eighih Corps at San Martino. Sinco 1blet sky's death ho has been firat warrior ci A ntstria. It is probable that Ito will bo charged to oppose ti Prussians. The life of Count 01amu-Gallas has been very activo ; ho Ias shared in nil wara of Austria since 1848. Ili Luigary- how. ever, he only succet.ded itn vanqItisling Gon. 1lInc through lio aid of the Russiatns. At tit, preson'. he conuands the First Corps of the Austrian army of Prague. We tuust not onit to mention G en. Gablentz, who commnantded tho Ausi ans in tio war against lenmark, anl Gen. Ramming, to whom Aust ria wa inde~te4d in thoe Ilungarianl canmicgnl for the decisive success obtained an Teme.. var---Sa(/kit /'ie', 1 /,.i *. Tin.: Ir'ut. G i-:n.---A.: lelt froni llorence says:-"Since nothg. bIt war now is talked of, the following skettch of the pneipl Ita ian generals may not, be uninteresting. (en. La A artmora is in person a t all thin man ; his face displays a very deciddil no ,o almost always surmotutted by ih inhion. able princoe.-.. lie has 4 pas o n fOr the military art, alul! iinflexiblo tn ill points of disciplin. Ie niiot tiider. tAt any favorlitimttsm, :all, ' iktol U '1w: I . un!1 s:tys j'a'tinigly th1:1t 'ho 11m1 n1". crosiit enouhY to 11111n1 at drtinnmerv inl his ownl armv\.' Aier Uenl. I,, all-mon, the mIoSL conspliCuous1 Soldivr lA Gnentl Cialinti. Iie is a stma, w(-li lookinqg Inatll, witdt a <tic a tli (tlll gilt', t'ye, wezars a glrteat tiott.St ell :1 a .11i n belt like ti (hafsseurs do Vineotinns. lie is tie otl imllivi-liml ol ilie (I aliant [rimy to wItott (I eral ima lar Itora perttnit s Itli: eceutrtlicity, for hoie littise il is i ll3 Isel'lcoill'ormialy) to tll(! Itgtlatioti, (it-neral Cialblinli is, voery popular ill 1ta ly, :Wtel p 'm'es ftrn it n it o 'titi an(I rOi"cIT, well kttiowinig Inn to win hi 11)(e11 an11l pg -iv el all c Illfi'l. 11e.. 'l' I t:1iIa ar l Y "l ,1 <-;' 1 \\*4- (011-1.' Gilpt' ri-1 ;.ne as ih auio:u i D"1 M I 1t l -o a. T lo rmt'et is a vo'ien of Lilt I iliat ildi'peteitto, atid i , e t-i tell h Y evrrv body ; tih !iaui er, It the fir i ai i caiip Lo 1ile liMli, is A 0i1' o 1l 11,'iixty, wit Nvilite I i'1 allitl i lilutach oth;tbod bemitg very dlist ini.a rtihed flieerv. Potrest-d the l'ruer to arm 1ie'r Prince l ieritch ('.ath- L iyw It ittiv*.' nIo \ Iry rImot-tble l r, e inee leII ittrinles.L is tly Ii' ied rcel ly Ie In 1 a 1. f QueIWn \ :e ltna, :1e 1; i sai d ( h grllt wi~fite nmatsta-~ it .\ i Io ttc eat I et i l 'Irulsmo t pi.e :ritn It will nie....uvily , I :m rounleld I1n ttei \vyry able Stall, :uk-i menv~ ol militalf ;p titus will com inal A I ns corp 1. 1 Iut, wh envt h< coea to coi tiit l aral titnedek Ihte. will havea tu (ri lId it) lie to o ito withl andt( P.'rnia wvil need all0he re sources and her best general. to ho ne.. cessful. ribaldi is representedto o in l ex. Cellenhel. Iyttrl' I ce is calmor anti ahePerfl and1 walks mile: every dlay, in order, as he ny, to aicsto m leg'i to lon, llarehol. o ifs brother died recntly. 18ng tt titracee-ts h> itt faie adpar thetitmgro rtt's t. lai, hsr been mfdowIt ot t chplintnthe o hiemy Thi: prtt ith ret bys ch ingi the I llian~i war volu159ary wasooto ati- tho bal t ol Mtageilnt and Soriha nd isgs a Wolt;th ugts "Trichilimsis" ei, 'bi nows wonli otimot guiNg, tii U If N ItM scig flr.h Wner's ect. workooughl conti s to kit pe u.the unp I myeant rivintiastisu itnt eythe hmn sntoct worm Trihnhe Spirli wicha proessorwn fttound's tiaong ag. asyt 1805, infmusles tanto imatr from the s sootinge flots oft buy'oang gron. larthl mitotw's thopias of' ti.oon. sins t Itow te otr mutsntle mso. a uow autililat fac.nhat i tIto, (ionnrcted bleasoawit oret alby sect the vlhumtarn tvoarmusolese oftci at iwoed, toea will ht'a aon. l'or1k is thoangerfos prts ond t hera aubao, and ith pigSf lyes oefs th'laosrcegly vc'oed it.i thoworms t(it mayttu carsiigihno ge~~yae into they smansfotach, whenceitt that itrcy akhhir way teiuotly' byig, as Wyntr pbritto~r fin'ds-hitst brodspingtoud, at 18br oinefoth galensle nubers bofh yong, whcmdatofleoftelPy eg i l maou-th at. the ro thdeiroat f othe antetsn mgrao diato btoe mutsiovelen.ypit blie dnto uase electrd th voluntary musolth, ori thoe whetilhu oed atssour, will Thohardt tandw koind, wands thsp ptarts of' visorawhoh ct ionden ly, of te will, aoIsonrelyoerefetdt is, id, a matter of isu lo owth worms ge pitrbuedio gory 1 overt fatey som~pietnaomisse asrt4 9vtfi hatie shporm bores~ tyIihr0 oh piof timzibr but r. Tudioum, ho ws apointd i 180toinvstgat th sujet~ byth mdi vell've elot oootno ion, enter the Circlat0ionk a% eCCOtd tiMo. afind untimely 1eisfh in tho ituig, or nrrivo in somo mus. el h o olain a lato asylum."1 This h1y.ohlesis certainly seens the most, re:soilble, as It, isl In agroomoiet. *Ith tho k n)own imeans by which other entoza migrate. Arrived at Iho mus1101unl tissues, IU 8 en agi viltiestiolablo whether the worm, at ctks te niuseltes. Lettekhart says thley nlet t1"Iho seolomina, and oat the must, ettr fihbre i self. Dr. Thludiehuin says thay he his iever seen but oneo the worm in the uuiwele, but always outside of it. It is ger-6 tinly a strango fact, thil, in many oases, persons attoked with triehlilnis, havo not, only per'ectly recovered fromt its effoots, btt have becoio as s rong as over. It, coulI sarely have 1p11pened that Like mutsles of the0so paliellts ias been lcd upon by vatL colonies of worns, which would lnvo Inevi (ably ilestroyed them beyond repair. 'The probability 1.1 that the worm id 4 Its way. i l t litho e tissues. B u t woce t ie third anid' t'iir It weel after immigriati, tlhe trichiuim I:w becomo full-grown, andf now It begins to priare its Capsule. I, becomes fixed to the spot, inl which it, is, Sol; I. matter is deposited arlounid it, andt, Cu~rled1 Up, it lies immotvablo' ill its plast o capstil, and diem unless ro eeied lgain ilto the alimentary canal of anloth1 1n11iml1, which in this caso of Course itnever doesi. I the pres-ence of theso one.apsuled trichind inl ho licimtselt-s many cauiso irritation. bt.t 111111 Ii ed ily )ubsite ; and it is pretty clear thit noiny persons suffer little hari from Chem whilst thiius ourled ip, as they have been f)uId ill Ilo bodies of subjects that, have licn dissected, and wyhoso previous histiy gave 1o ovblence of thuir exist once. On iho ot hn dm1, flho malady, whon iSOvei, puits (onl many of the charnoteristic yimptom of ut'1,oll known disunoies. Thi l'ever enutise1) hby 1110 preseln(o of the parent aII'mlts ill lie inktesiiies may be, a Inde0d ito) len iv hbeeni, taken for gastrio fever. Then,g2 nill, whenI file youing wolls Aro i;,11161 a1-1t ing itto 111l 11111 10 .4, tie m1ost ox. C aItW1ing agony seizes the palient; lr: lin - not mo)ve I llllSo Witvhout the u o1110st pain, 2nid he lic4 gt'enrally upon his back, with Ibis legs a lit (tl apar1it, covered with plerspira tiin. The .ftei nid l neck becomo hIumid wi i a ih -opical eoffusion, which gradually exlentds to 11he legs and abdomen. An .nck oflrheu natio fever appears to have neized the ildivillual, but for the want of the heart sypltor.s. Again, the diseago .ilt'lllhlles cholera and atyphus, and indeed jiiolling ill minany of its symptolls, but, tho' who havo Seen a golluilno case of richininsis cann1ot be deceived, ns the wholo ryllptomlls4 lre1'(!It lro c0onsistent, with no other diseas1 . hi cuses 1' doubt, a picco of ilth li'ilig 1111100 11118 been OxOised from lihe biceps mu111sclo of' 1tho armtm; and this test is all)mnt. cort ain to ie coiolusivo, as the votllm isI distribtted, in severO Cases, In pro-. ilsiont tilrough overy voluntary 11144 ote3 of ho etilrlIe bodsy. ll'. 'uIllhltllul, speaking of a clild 'lk tlicl of (lhu dilsonso, - says in ii 'ty%5- to" Mr. Shon: - $10I ' "On ppnrhlton from the 1,ieeps mits14001 of a lihlt four aind a Ialf 3 rir' of lge, wh11ich1 died 0 the soyeut.y illh diay, coitinedi the astoilhdhg number ofi' fillyight. 811011 a >rOphraion11 Wa s 1 - 111tntI.'dtto %weigh onle-l11111 of a grain, and there'trite 'every graint or musol contained n11 2) nterflgo 4un10 hundred trichinto. Now, a) ltmg i heitilt, weight, of he 11mu1oies on an :,11111 to be n1111Y for'fy polnds, and assutm ing him to be tlie viCtimn of trichilliasis, and' I I 1arosit s Clally dista'ritd through otitl hi body, he would contain uiwards of N ienly eight illilhiolns of these aninfmls.' Cohliltinlg Ilicrests. Till e1nphis .Avilanche lias an ablo art( C 0n New Enliglanl, 1h0r interests. and her plicy. It remanr'ks (ihat ovory Country has. winl ifl 101 ' coilicting interests, and very properly'13' any4 fliat. tiu staleteslmasiP eon. lk in har1nlonizing these inltol'osts as far 113 it 1111y be poibt1lle to do so. In a ounn I'y of' uch1 ill oxtensivo area as tile United Stti e;, having sucl diversity ofolimate, soil atll I rovlutiot h.11s, fihk apparent illolisistenoy wil forlevr exist, iml a greater or loss degree. T'he Atvalomche lnlyl : '"Thc cold cliaol a nd barren eoil of Now Ig'lan1d renlor'ed it unlikely that her pe - 1:1e coubtl over he extensivo lagriculturlalistB but21 her l'llo harmbor's madilo It oortain that1 shle could1 becomle powerful as a maritime and naval1 1ic~tion, alld to train bor1 sons1 f'or the a)tiduouls and1 dan11g0orous servico niecessarly to bu11 ill)'e up inl that1 respeot, f'ishiing bonn ties, t'rolm tile COmm~lonl trensury, w~ere gr'ant oil themll. A s hter populatlidn Incrensed, her peopl0 o gan to tui'n their attentlin to man ulfactures, as2 im'ro romnunerativo than agri-' cultutre ; and tho war of 1812 gave an impel 112 to is ranc lIofll cin dustry whlich has sintC)) become so frunitfuil of wealth to thme New Enigla nd manufnIt'Ioturer. ' When the war was1i ovOr, that. itOrot,t asked for proectiop for the firist in (lie history of thmo Govern mtenlt, and1 Mr.Cathioun, of Soutle CarolIna', advocated 11.1as a measure ofjuil 9 to a peo 1110, wh'lo, durming (lhe war, had'4 largely In vesltod i nanufncerlias, and who woul sulor on Its su~ldden close, if they had to COntCend aga ist Europen n mportations- lie thIou~ght thlis irotection shoumld have at limnl. tation ; (lint It should( extondl to but a fow years, so as to enable the factories to adopt all tlho modern Improvements in machinery; and( pla)ce them on footing to stanid 4A un. pr'ot 0(21 ed comipolitionwith thme world. Thas It, wars thlat lthis system began, and it, was so palatable to tile Yankee tf 0 thmat 4' rma. nont b~oun~ty of proteetion at limo oxppnso of (the rent lumtorosts of the otlier sqdtionms of henIi deemed by the Yattlno a matter of right. What wets byt, a tetsipoary hndui, gence, Now Englandt deles shall be a per manent111 system, for a furtherm inflatin of' iI bloatedl prosperity,. Thiiesp Now E~ngla)Idet's knmow full well that, If the o Wdik ;shall gyer regain hoe- power in Congress, she een wiml the Notth-west, cheek~miato them- fry' dil th' future plaits for fInMseial aggraidlioe. ment ;and this Is the rpasoihy thA Septh' lIs denied robhabilhIation~ iion thytln, Thler' Is doubtloss more truthi In th{1 > view of the preset, atti'udo of the radi4 '~ par'ty., They dread a unmiou of-these natifat ajlion in logislatten, whlh Woduld nisa4 ion~ably be dirVOted pgainpt .ih h and 'all otheor, niocatros IonidId to *r9 Now 1England at' the dtgened 1 Jl bO Weet n th' Soul tenOnhlf of repdLi ps~ ait deAt fii the Od)~m hemfl posof 11Vi ~ )d0ty1 ind