a.
WINNSBOO.
Tnesdiy Mong, October i, 184.
gg T. P. SLIDER, Esq., is the
sole agonu, for tiis paper in Charleston
S.C.
01 -Mr. JAB. H..SMIT, formerly
of this place, but. Dow residing in
Charlotte, N. C. is our authorized
agent for the N'Ewe.*.
Mr. SMITH can be found it the
7mee office.
* ote oitisen ofxfieli.
The ordo of cotton in 'ur Distriet
this year will probably fall a little
short of one.,third of a full- crop as es
timated in 1860. That year the cot
ton crop could not have fallen short of
20,000 ilos. Those twenty thousand
bales brought ilto the District aboit
$800,006. Estimating the crop this
year, W60; at less than one-third, say
6,000 balee, and the average price at
25 cents a I,ound, and that would give
to the Distriot $600,000 of currency.
But the cotton-is bringing, and will
continue to bring more than 25 cents,
hence the amount of momoy in ex
change fc.r the cotton crop willnot fall
very far short of what jt was in 1860.
Since writing the atove, we have
- beon furnished Iky request (not having
the statistic in our possession) with the
actual amount of cotton made in .the
District,.according to the census of
'860. That amount was 19,770 bales
of 400 pounds eaeb.
The cotn crop of 1860, according to
the same evidence, amounted to 522,
200 bushels. It will fall, no doubt,
far short of that this year. Ilut if
our people will be economnical, and
g ignore luxuries, the cotton crop, with'
what corn is made will keep us from
suffering.
As for bacon theretis no doubt that it
*ill fall short of the quantity made iu
1860. That year the number of hogs
was 23,460, Worth $998,000, a little
more than one hog for every man, wo
man and child in the District, as the
population then was 22,111. -
But the war taught us how much we
could do wit.iout, and how little will
supply our necessities. If the- lesson
taught.by the' war does not entirely
escape us, we see no reason for great
despoudency so far as the comforts of
life are concerned.
It rests a great deal now with our
merchants and cotton buyers whether
the money for the cotton of the Dis
trict shall be turned loose upon our
community, or seek an outlet else
where. It Is quite certain that no
production of the District will put
money in circulation except cotton,
for there is hardly anything else from
the produedra of the District that will
bring money into circulation amongst
us. Let these.thon give the farmers
and planters inducements to come to
Winnsboro to sell and buy,.
Ootton and Merahandise..
It is a question whether our cotton
merchants.can give the same price for
cotton as is paid in Columbia, and
whether our mero.hants can soil grocer
ti.es as cheap as the Columbia me'r
chants can, We would ethank some1
one posted. en these point. to give us
* the information, and enable us to an
swer these questions. If this market
can compete with the Columbia market,
we have no fear as to a driving trade
here this Fall. Producers are push
ing cotton to Columbia now because.
more is paid for it there than hero,
and beeanse groceries are chenper.
Sugar,'for instance, a fair,brown sugar,
is bought there, so we are ijafornmed,
at eighteen cents by the barrel.
Our merchants surely appreciato the
mportan'ce of keeping their articles
-efore the people by advertising them.
. e are anxious our town should~ real
I the profits arising from the cotton
er of the District this Pall. There
isuse appealing to the District
~rI or patriotism of the people.
Sto .the pockets. 'Tell the far
d planters'of Fairield that it
- ,
is more to their. intorest to come to
Winnsboro to-sell and buy than to go
to Columbia. Don't do it by pathetic
appeals to patriotism, but do it by
figures and facts.
Tell our' cotton plainters exadly
through the UERALDand-. NE"s, what
they can buy : gar, coffee, bacon, bag
ging tad rope jkt. Don't be afraid of
a rise or fail in market. Give the
date And tell then what thby can that
.day 1:uy those articles for. Away
wvith timidity and punctilious cantion,
and let us have the streets of our old
burnt town alive with wagons and
honest yeomanry.
An At.
TO PROVIDE FOR THE ESTA-ULIS14IMENT OF
A PENITENTIAnY.
L Be it, enactet by tho Senate and
House of Representatives of the State of
South Carolina, now met and sitting in
Genural Assembly, and by the auhori.
ty of the same, That for the purpose of
coinmencing the establishment of a peni.
tentiary in t0is State, the sum of twen
ty thonsand dollars be,and is hereby ap.
propriated, to be paid out of any money
in. the Treasury, and drawn and expend
od by certain Commissioners hereinafter
namen d.
11. That ik Commission, consisting of
three persons, to be styled Coanmissio:i
braof the P itentiary, shall be appoint
ed by his Kcellency the Governor,
whose duty it shall be to select and pro
cure a pr)per' site, at some 'point, if
practicable, where water power may be
made available for manufacturing parpo.
ses, within 1.110 enclisure, on which to
erect suitable penetentiary buildings,
with sufficient space to enlarge and in
prove the same from time to time, as
may be iecessary.
ill. That it shall be the duty of said
Commissioners tQ erect as soon as prac
ticable, a siable temporary enclosure
and tempora . cells,for the safe keeprng
of not less than one hundred convicts;
and, upon completion o said enclosure
and cells, or any part of them, to receive
and detain under regulation to be here.
after prescribed by the Governor, such
convicts as may be committed to them
by sentence of any of the Judges of this
State.
IV. That upon notice that an enclos
nro and cells are prepared for the recep
tion of convicts, it shijll he the duty of
His Excellency the Governor to appoint
a keeper, assistant keeper, and such oth.
er officers, guards and overseers as shall,
from time to to time, be necessary, to
subsist, govern guard and direct the la
bor of said convicts, and to make all
such regulations as shall be requisite for
their,afe-keeping and subsistence, and
for directing their labor, either within or
without the enclosur,e, to getting out
tiatorial and constructing. as for as is
practicable, the necesary permanent
buildings and enclosures, and to such
other available branches of industry as
will best contribute to to the support of
the institution.
V. That it shall be the duty of the
said Cominissioners, unler advice and
with the assistance of His Excellency
the Governor, to procurq plans, specifi
cations and estimates for such permauent,
enclosure and rildngs as shall be deeni
ed necessary for early use, and report
the same, together with a full aceount of
their tra'uactions under the authority
hcreby conferred upon th.-m, to the Gen
eral Assembly, at its ensuliigr egular
session.
In. the Senate Honise the twenity-first
day of Septembher, 1'n the ye;.i' of
our Lord on" thionind eight huin
dred and sixty six.
* W. D. PORTER,
President of the Senate.
C. H. SIMONTON,
Speaker Hos. Representat,ives.
Approved: Jaha L. Oa.
The experiments now in progress at For
tress Monroe uinder the direction of a
Board of Engineer oflicers, seem to in.
dicate that the presernt mannier of build.
img stoiie and brick fortifications is but
a waste of time and material. Under
the blows of the projectiles froin 'the
sn*iothi hore and rifled Rodman guns, the
iron-clad granite target already shows
immense breeches in it, and around it
brnoken blocks of stone and wrecked iron
dowels and toggels. Fissures and crev
ices, with the projecting mortar, appear,
in every ,lrtetion above t.he iron arma-;
ture, whil' he strong wall bulges outin
a manner almost impssle to credit.
Acoording to tile Unite4 States consus qf.
1805, there were 12,590, 829 youths beg.
tween the ages of 6 and .21. Of sobolarq
between thelle ages In attendance upo,r
evangelloal Sabbath Bohpols, .t 1a esiaated,
that thuere aro 4,500,000, heaving or 8,000.
000 not in ndneat-all. Some t64,77
are employed lio teachIng ; a totti of oMoers
and teoh.ee of 800,000,
A *riter in the August number of the
Land we love, in an article on the char
acter of- Lieutenant General . B.
Forress, giveb tihe following estitte of
him:
i.iis,.haragter as-a whole was a union
of tbatrof Ilniies and Suebet. With
the impetuosity of the first he united the
c11tions calculation of the- second. He
woll wOighed the probabilitied and count
ed co of every pLa. When %he time
for action came he was as terrible as a
thunderbolt. With the qualities of the
marshalls in the respects named,.he uni
ted to the fixedndss of pur pose, the te
nacity 6f Massena.' His doggedness of
resolution was proverbial. It was iko
the,grasp of deAth. An undertaking
was never abandoned unless forced by
orders-a battle never over until won.
The doubts, even the panic of others,
hid no effect to.tame his obstinacy of
purpoze; but'faling back upon his own
iron self-relince, he was every inch a
man in the darkest, hour of the storm.
I w.as then, in.the midnight darkness of
trial, that his genius, like stars in the
night, shone most, brightly.
He was accustomed to look upon
nothing as impossible. Bad roads and
the waste of waters could be overcome
by "It shall be so I" Small numbers,
with rapid niarches and concentrated ef
forts, could destroy indolent superiority.
lie was pasisonately fund of artillery,
and would stand behind a workir.g bat..
tery, enjoying i- exercise with all the
glee of a delhghted child. Not unfre
quently has he been kno.wn to direct a
section Qr a battery in person. superin
tending the -ninutest detatils. Personal
daring in a leader, the army never doubt
ing the furtune and game of its posses.
for, he felt, was the strong-it point he
had to gain. ' With it lie appeared to
wear a magic girdle. Not liko Atrides
"Beyond the mi sasile javelins' sounding
fright.
Safe let us stand; and from the tumult fir
Inspire the ranks, and rule the. distant
war."
Hence, in this respect, he is withont
a peer-in the annals of the revolu<ion.
Leading a charge in person was his .a
vorito pastime. The glory of single
combat he too oftn courted--oftenor
than wisdom justified-riding like a
yoting Bedoiin, an excellent pistol shot
and skillful sworlsman, wit It a' frame of
greal nuscuilar*Pewor, he has, with Lis
own right hand won. more success than
any other ofileer of the war.
Judge Advocate Holt-His Defense
Judge Advoate General Holt iss
stung with the lash of the press, conse.
quent upoti the exposure of his infamous
transactions with Conover and hii. tribp
that he hag comno out- in an -elaborate
de.fense, Nvhich appears as editorial in
Forney's "two papers, - both daily."
Uis whole vindication against the charge
of subornation.of perjury, with a view
to the sacrifice of an imprisoned man.
consist in an nssault on the veracity of
the witnesses whom he himqelf introdu
ced to prove Mr. Davis' guilt F Accord
ing to the' rules of court, a party is not
allowed to discredit his own ,witneses
yet in order to esoape the most coniviTIc.
ing 'proofs of his atrocious guilt, Mr. Ilt
is compelled to turn against his confed
orates ini crime, arid claim that they are
tnworthy of hielief I TIhat sueli ia thiei?
character, is udoubtedly triue, for they
h ave conifessed it' themselvyes. They
have conifessod that when they swore as
Mr. H-olt wanted them to swear, they
swor'- to unimmitiated lies and were well
p)aid for it.- Bumt oven a perjarer may
tell thre truth and while those wretchem
c mnnom le heard again*jMr. Davis,itheir,
testimony is completent against Mr. Iolt
The whole theory of '-'Sites' $viderice'
implies that a criminal may~testdp against
his accomplice. Mr. Hlol to cnnot, there
fore, shake off his accessories in this
manner, Their testimony againbt bini
will noed somnething mnuch better: thari
his denial to refute it-for his own char.
actor is under as blacle a cloud as titeigs,
Men will judge of their statemrent by tlie
moral probabilities of -its ttuth ; and
these are so'strong and Irreistale, that
the name of IIolt wilt henceforth rarr<
among worn out and. liagrace~d th ings..
A contemporary says that letter.addrss.
ed to the seditor, If t.hey econtah '"ousa
words," "will be returned unopeaid."
The above baa a deeided -smack pf TIpp.e
r.ary. How could the editoir knoV-the let
ters contAined "ous words" lfje ireturned
theta unopened?i Hew eentd flsbe "re
turnied," If they were not exained tose
who wrote them?i
A lady in tataotes I ., the.ntly,
ino,paring he-r 8nday, dansp, put
some beans In the pot'tobaku In a
hurry to get to- church. abed 1adrer
tantly put her hysio book int~ $ pot,
and wrapped a pleceMbt llktt .b hQ
pocket bendkrhgfq end qzt ~t to
church with her. -- - oe
.Troi Washington.
WASHINGTON, September 28.-The
Union cha4gd84x-Secretary Ifarlun
with,fraud in the sale of eight hund red
thousand acres of .reserved' land in
Kansasbelonging-to the Cherokeo In
dians N.hich were sold to the Counne.
tiqut Migration Company for.onolollar
per aero, payable in niue yia's instal
meiats. The Chei .ees were paid half
a million in gold - their lands thir
ty-one years ago. The Union says
theyre worth three or four millions.
General Dix is here to.day-he has
received a-commissiou as naval officer
for New York; it is said he will hold
it~for a short timte and resign and then
accept the position as minister to
France.
From Mexico.
San Francisco news f.-om Matzlan,
Mexico, to the effeg that the Impe
rialist and -inm-of-w r hod left Euy.
mos to the Liberals. A fight had oc
curred near Mat.lan, the French lost
three hundred Pud the Liberals' lost
two huured killed and wounded.
The garris.on of *the lInperialiits at
Uerez wes cut to pieces on the 4t1
inst. by the Martains, no quarter be
ing shown. General Lanbergaa, Aus.
trian commander, was killed in an en
gagemenit at Gaudalope. Matzlan
would probably be evacuated by tc
French in October. Sonoba was iii
undisturbed Possession of the Liberals,
The Markets.
NEW YoRK, September 29.-C0ttot
unsettled, no sales; Flour firim
Wheat 2a3c. better; Pork firmer at
$38.06, Lard heavy; Gold 14G1.
European Newa -Per Cable.
NEW YoR<, Septe.mber 29.--Th<
following dispatch was received by th(
cable, after which the cable was agair
out of order:
D\ANCIESTER, September 24.-A
great meeting to reform is to be held
here to-da.*. Bright will be amon
the speakors..
FLORENCE, September 24.-A bain
of rebels-who have becil meeting neat
Palermo. for. the past few. days wer<
routed by tne military.
LONDON, September 21.-Mone3
market easier Uoshaol 89; 5-25's 711
. LIvERPOOL, September 24.-Cottor
Saturday declined ; Middling uplh-ndi
opeied at- 12J.. Breadstuffs withotit
change. Corn advanced Mixed
Western 285.
From New York. "
NEW YORK, September 29.-LThc
Herald says that General Santa Annl
has inoved lis'headwur6s on Stat.m
Island, and has opei kigular busi.
ness bureau for the tWaction of mat.
tel-s looking to:thb delivery of. Nexi
co from the French authority. le ih
to be coltautly occupied with varion
people on th subjdet, and has enlisted
the sympathio$ of the Feniani brother
hood. Tho leaders aie. urging thZ Ti-ish
to that behalf. It is further reported
that Santa Anna will soon return to
St. Thomas.
A suit now pending in the Chance
ry Court in England, has gone' to an
enormous length. The bill extends
over some hundredi of foilios; tie
interrogatories reach about the 1 ,600th
folio, and as to the answer, it contains
2(600 folios.
It is hinted in St. Louis, that a
movemnent among the Fonians is on the
ta'pis, as there have been nany seret
-mecting and collections of arms in the
city for several days. The plans are
well kept, liowever, and nothing has
leak.d out.
Tirt CAsa or iMn. D&vs.-The
Charb.ston Cousrier, of Friday, says:
"Fr>m a private 'letter which we
have received fro'sf the estimable wifof
the dis.inguished prisoner at Fort.ress
Monr-o., we learn Withl nexpressible re
gret thtt his' heath continues to d -chnem,
and that the liediuniary arcumsta ees of
his famly are be*coming embarrassing.
Nothing is known to Mrs. Davis of the
probabil future of idr huband, and we
conmfess b' see little eotiremenit tp
hope for hie ear3y' 'lesE: It is nlow
rendered quite ptobable.. that his trial
for treasda will'inerdre' take place,- and
therd is la little:.'danger to fear from
the' asa ination' ekar6es after the.Con -
over ekp< res.4Ieh have been reentmly
mades ' en4hile, AlIe prisoner ia dy
ing from' 0uftnetaunt, and his fanilty vre
brought 4 'th#.'rgs 61' atarvation.
whlW th~ ~oven*tnt decliy,ee to me
St,Ore hini th.1beny atvd '-ftee to y
Tur UnIFORM. FOR TilE GENERAL.
AN LIEUTENA TG N EllAL.-By War
Departmeit Order;No. 73, the uni
fori of the General and . Lieutenttt
General of the United States Army isi
prescribed as follows:
For the Gencral-The' same as, a,
Major-deneraliedeept that on.thenv
there shall be two row. of twelve but
tons each on the br aqt, placed by
fours, and on the .h ulder-straps and
epaulelts four silver stars.
For the Lieuteiant-General-The
same as for a - blajor-General, except
that oi the shulder-straps and epau
lets there shall be three silvlr stars.
Owing to scarcity, cansod by the,
depredations of the Alabanmlf and
Flbrida, the whaling business has ta
ken quite a start, and numberless ves
sels in Yankee ports are fitting out to
engage in thte business.
Mount Aolly, N. Y., was visited by
a tornado last Friday. Trees, corn,
and fences weroprostrated, and a latly
was fatally injured by the wrecking of
a house 1 which she lived.
A volcanie lsannd, ninety feet high
ind 1,700 feet in circutflorence, was
trown up in the Gulf near the Florida
coast, on the 2d inst,
L4OST,.
BLANK REEl'T HOOK for m0king
sotp. propoeed by N. It. E \layer. Sup.
pused to have dropped somewhere between
Dr. Aiken's Drug Store and Maj. Faucett's
pat at iont.
-1' found pleaso leave at this office.
oct I-xltI
GliMhT ATTARTION1
FALL AND WITER
DRY G011S 1
W fE-are now receivinr im(n opening our
FALb tind WINTER STOCK, which
Emnbracing a large lot of French Merinoes
is lafge and attrActive
and D -lains of every variety an4 style:
nlzo A lirge lot of Prints of the best brands
aid stylt; also Bleoched and Brown Home
spun ot* every variety, nlso.a large lot of
Opera Flannels of all colors, also Red and
While -lannels at all priceR ; a fine lot of
French I Broad Cloth. French Cassirieres,
Rattinets. Tweeds And Wool-Jeans of e-ery
color. and price ; also a large lot of Ready
,I ndo MctIinx of every style and pattern,
ale a large lot of Meni' and Boys' Felt Hits
at all prices, also a larite lot of Ladies',
Mens'. oys', Mi-ses' andCildqlrcn4 Shoes,
als Hosiery.,Gloveq. Perfumery, &c,, also
a large lot. Ladies-and Misses as.
All or which we-offer at reasonable price#.
Wo return onr thanks to our friends for
their liperal patronage heretofore.
JACOB WOLFE.
ct 2-1m
BAGGING, JIM, and TWINE.
G UNNY and DUndee B,irginq. For sale
by BACOT. VIVER1S & CO.,
oct.2-1f, No. 2, Hotel R.r#ge.
NAIAS! NAILS! NAIIS1
6. 8. 10: 20 and 40 Penny, Pots, Skit
4 lets, Fry Pans. -
BA0O.T, RIVERS & Co..
-Oot 2-tf No. 2, Hotel Range.
Cofee, Green and Black TeA.
1IRUSH l), Clarified and Brown Sugars,
C Soda, St'gar. Wine and Butter Crack.
--- litBACOT, RIVERS & CO.,
oct 2-tf No. 2, Hotel Rarrge.
CHlOICE MOLASSES
e DGolden Syrup.RIES&O,
oct 2-If No. 2. Hotel Range.
Fine Bacon Sides .aiul Hlams.
B ALTIMOIIE FLGURI, CHEWINO and
Smuoking Tobaoo
BACOT, 11VE RS & CO.,
oc't2-tf No. Hotel Range.
THE LADIES' FAJ17
OIN Wednesday, Ootober 17t 1,' will oj.
U thu'PAIR io he gIven by ie l~ad,
fbt the repaPr of the Presbytrian 'Chi ~l.
On Tbibeday, the 18th,'doots open frO~
12 o'clock to.8 o'clok, P., M., for the ~*
commnodation c.tf 3eople from the coupnt~,
and again In the avening.
Oct 2-t'2'si
POOKST AND TABLE
AUGER8, CH1ISSEL8,',W -
*IRON,,8STEEL end NR1LS4.
BELLOWS, ANVILS, VICES,
FIWlBR & WRA NCE,
sept 27- w . . : Co mbia, 8. O,
AT DALY'4 JEIWELK STORE.
FOLT'i celebrated Pollog PIstol, font and
Iv,or balapoe bandle table and de'eby&
ated Spdduts andtForks.
American Was Olhes.
Plain gold Rina3a8 Krets
4 one ftesteof. .ewelry.
9rarripent, of CbIldtrn's,Ear..
-b$'~ 2me
*0'