The tri-weekly news. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1865-1876, March 29, 1866, Image 2
Ex-covernor Allen oni E. A. Pollard.
The foilowing article, from tie pen'o
Ex-Governor Allen, of LouisiaRna, an
now editor of theo M4exican 7ijes, 1
clipped from that paoer of .the. .th o
January. !t iq ia comiosition wrtliy o
the immi0torial Jmunill.s. In its power, ir
its force of bitterness and sentiment, il
is an unequalled piece of writing. O
the personality of the article we hav4
nothmig to say, b.it submit it to our read
ers as a specimen of most extraordinar)
coin posit ion.- Charleston Dait.y News
The civil war in America is endAd
and the "banner of the bars" that wave<
over Jackson and gicamed upon th(
track of Stuart's reckless riders ias beet
put away as,men hidu the trinkets of i
dear, dead love.
Although the blood of Virgi:na's bes
and bra vest is not. yet dry in t.he valiey.
nor has the grass grown over the pro
mature graves, of the manly Confeder
ates who fell before Petersburg, yet Mr
E. A. Pollard, a pretty writer and tal
ented editor, in a long newspaper arti
ele, denonnees ex-President tav. Gene
lks Lee, Johnson and Beatiregard ; an<
says "lie FeIothern people digrace<
f.temiselves forever when they 'refiused ti
fight, to extermination ; that they lael
coiuiage and endurance---statsmanshi
-and inte0lligence." lie criticises citm
paigns, ridieules strategicol movemn nti
sieers at retreats, aid laughs at: ever
heroic effort of the brave men who hav
left to history an immortal name.
Vh is Mr. 14. A. Pollard? HRe is
Virgiaiat,,t he editorofthe tichiond Ex
aniter, and the author of tue "Southeri
I Iistory of the War." We have gric
for the first, blushes for th secend, an
contempt for the last.
During a'l those years of carnage an
of blood, this Richmond Examiner wa
an insatiato fiend of opposition and ha
tred. Step by step it broke down tli
brave, fond heart of Sidney Johntson
again and again it lacerated and gore(
the sensitive soul of Beauregard ; weel
aft r week it denoiced the heroic effort
o' Joseph E. Johnston ; anl now, whel
.Jelerson Davis is chinned amid t.
waves of his rock ribbed prison, it. trie
to -,tab his repittation anld his hionor.
It is not often fhut men like Pollar
and Jordan can gloat over the agony i
such a spirit and the degradation of suncl
a name. It is not often that sich a
bosom as Leo's is la id bare for the thins
of every ruiflian's spear, or the ditgger o
every coward's hand. It is not offel
iliat. I desolated nation writhes under ti
blows of its children anl the cruehies o
its own offspring. It is not oftan tha
the world furnishes huma1ni hyenas t<
exhine tie boudies of her sainted dead
an.d howl in honid delight over the re
volting feast.
Pollard wanted extermination, bit i
was in New York city, hob-nobbin,
wit.h Gre eley, and tellintg.'the pleasan
s ory in his pleasant way of the foei
years' war. He wanred fifty thousani
inei to light a million to titj death, bit
he never fell in beside theim atid proffer
ed to share a common fate. Like Job'.
war-horse, ie snufTed the battle fron
afar! Shoddy is cheap, and humbug i,
cheap, and Hentry Ward Beecher's pat
ent sermons are cheat); and sincerity
faith, honor, chivalry, maithood h 1o10
pure and unpopilar.
Pollard's mother State lies prostrate
in tle dust, her hearth.-stonies desoat
antd her idol shtatteredl. All over the
land hto can see her hereaved dlaughtterI
weeping for thte young, fresh faces that
looked back to them from thte heat and
yellow dust of the conflict jest before the
htorses' feet trod thtemt downt. Hie car
almost hear thte breezes from te W il
derness singing their melanceholy dirget
over Stuart an-i A sh by, and Pel ham, and
Hill, and Jackson, dear to God. H<
has no' love, nor veneration, nor tender
ness, nor pity for any of these ; but tear
img open thte graves of the immortalizet
dead, Ite blends them witht t.he living ir
Otto saurlguds uatiie of contemzptu
Drape the picture of a itation int itt
agony,, and cover its laurels with tli4
mourning eypress. Furl the conquered
banner with a farewell look, and shtrine
its memory in our heart of htearts ; but t<
the brutal hardihood of those whto cursn
antd villify & ruitied race, give yen.
geance, scorn, and a never-dyintg con
tempt.
.History tells how Coriolamsas.halted
hig victorious legions beyond the Yellowi
Tiber, but that. $ero. fiddled'av gdodl~
butte while Rome' was burning. Amik
the graves of is kindred, -the anguisil
and despair of brave men in'their crush,
ig overthrowv, amid the blue skies and
green fields of htis nativity, E:'A. P'ol:
lard dips htis pen itn gall ,ofU the New
landi hate and writes the record o:
*eerlnsting infamiy and disgrace,
at spect do gold-nmino4da
tsr people ? They nevof
all, their earthly am
are
* WTNSBQRO!
Tharsd nng n 9,16
Solget for this paper in Charleston,
S.C.
I have a supply of ieVenue Stamps
of vA-ious denominations, which can be had
by applying either -at this office or /at the
office. of the Clerk of the Court.
11. A. GAILLAIRD.
The Crescent Monthly.
Our notice of this embryotic South.
crn periodical was crowded out of this
isrite.
How doesRotation of Crops Improye Land.
Although it is said that rotation of
crops improves lanil, yet we doubt
whether it dos inprove it. It is more
likely that such a -system preserves the
productive qualit.isof the soil, but we
very much (iestion .hu improvement.
Grarting however tha't arable land is
improved by rotation, the question
arises, how does it do it ? As corn and
cotton are the great sthplo products of
this section, they will serve our purpos
es best for illustration.
Suppose a field cleared ant ready for
' the corn. Of course the surface is free
from al1 vegetation The seed are
dropped and soon the plants make their
f appearance. Now begins the work,
which continnes until the - crop is "laid
by." The growing corn has been kept
s clean of all grass, which prevented the
soil receiving as "much from decaying
vegetable matter as it was giving to the
corn. And therefore the crop and the
soil stood in the relation of creditor and
d debtor-the corn being the latter.
Up to the time of the 'laying by,"
the soil has produced nothing but what
has to be removed. From that time
I however there begins to accumulate
f some compensation for the heavy
draughts upon the fertility of mother
earth. The grass which then springs
r up is allowed, though not always, to re
mai in the field, decay and fall back
into the soil. to reinvigorate in some
measnre its wasted strength. Finally
the or 'p is gathered and the ficit,a -'ft
to itself. If now by the next planting
season no deterioration of that soil has
taken place, it matters little whether a
different erop be planted or not. But a
change has taken place, and it is for the
worse. And that change may be thee
retically expressed thus : The present
fertility of the soil is equal to the diO'er
ence between its vr(qinal and its resto'red
fertility. For example,-the original
fertility of the field was 10, the restored
feitility 2.. Hence 10-2 equal to8 would
give the present equal to 8. Or the for.
mula p equal to o-r. Evilently now
there is no chance to make as;good a corn
crop the second year as the first. (It is
assumed that there is no manure used
which is nearly the rule in practice.)
According to this theory it is clear that
the same soil by a repeated culture of
the same crop would eventually be.
come worthless as far as that particular
product is concerned. And facts here
accord with theory.
Buet insteadI of repeating the cult.ure
of corn on this soil, it is planted with
cot',on. *The same system of keeping
down the grass is adoptedl this second
year, only it is carried .to a greater ex
tent. A judicious cotton planter knows
the importance of keeping a clean field
of cotton.- This plant glories in the
sunshine, anad is very susceptible of any
thing like outside pressureg Nor does
the "laying liy" comie as soon as with
corn. No body objects to the tall grass
around the taller corn stalks, but', wo to
the grass that tries topvertop thes cot
ton plapt.in the fi~ilt of .a .muan who
knowe whlat's "wvhat. That invader
Iis fought bitte1'ly until the time comes
when his young blades can be torned
over to the tender mercies of Jack
Froat.
We have said -that when the corn
was gathered oft' th'o h6I and the next
S jnfding season name ~tth ' ftd had
agod ais to its~ "4y y.i'rc ig is
IdQpL that that. chan~ge wqald be lhe
ifl'erence between Sbhe @iinal fr.imi.
and the aiount absorbed and carried off
in the crop, if here were no dompenoa.
tion'1o t rosolt from Olecaying Aegetatle
Imatte 'nd tljeqtorioratiqn is owipg
to'0 fat' that the testitution by this
decay'is not equal to the deprivatioi by
the crop. If it were, the present fertili
ty woul i a'ways be equal to the origi
nal. Bitt no gathered crop leavea the
soil as it was when the seed wore plnt
ed. And again there is no crop but
what leaves some compensation for the
virtue of the soil abstracted by its
removal. But some crops leave more,
some less. Hence this theory which is
confirmed by fact supports the adviD
cates of rotation. It also teaches the
economy of adopting such .a system of
rotation as shall retard to tlo greatest
extent the deterioration of the land.
From this we learn that it is all inipor
tant to tha farmer to altarnate his crops,
or rotate them, in such a manner that
restoring crops shall succeed exhausting
crops.
By "restoring"' and "exhausting"
crops, N e do not mean those which take
loss or more front tle strength of the
soil, bit those which by more or less
work required thereby compensate for
their abstraction! from the soil by allow.
ing more or less decay of vegetible mat.
ter.
Agriculturalist? may differ as to the
system of rotation, but there can be no
doubt that in every system the most ex.
haustive crops should be removed as far
as possible from each other. It would
appear that in this section the most
profitable rotation would be, 1. Corn.
2. Cotton. 3. Peas. 4. Wheat or
oats. 5. Then corn again, &c..
Without going into a discussion of the
merits of the above system of rotation,
we submit the following points.
1. Rotation is beneficial because it
retards exhaustion of land.
2. Rotation rather preserves the fet.
tility of land, than improves it.
3. That 9ystem of rotation is best,
which allows the longest interval be.
tweon the planting of the most exhaus
tive crops.
Charleston Board of Trade.
The Daily News of a late date gives
an account of a meeting of merchants in
Charleston to establish a Board of
Trade. The meeting appointed officers
temporarily, and -arranged for a future
meeting at which'a constitution and by
laws are to be adopted. Success to
them.
To Messrs. Sumner and Stevens.
If you two great Head Centres of
radical Republicanism in Congress can
]raw any comfort from a contemplatior
Af the results of your political course for
our months past, you are welcome
uise thte following.'.
Sou have consumed time, to be paid
ror out of thte public treasury, in vent.
ing your spleen upont eight out of thirty
of the population of tbe Union, by di
recting all your influence to confer a
dloubtful privilege upon four. You have
kept the Government warring against
the South twelve months after the
Bouth had ceased to fight. You have
checked the wise and noble policy of the
President to restore the Southern States
to their original status. You have fag
tened upon the South an inistitution
aalled the Freedman's Bureau, whieb
has done more to ostrange the two races
Bouth than all te evils-oS slavery com
bined-toil thousand- times more. Tou
have clearly shown-that your aim Is not
so much to elevat, the 'black mian as it
is to disgrace the white. You have
erippled thte energies of tho'outh, and
rramped the expanslots 'of Northern
spital to an etnedthat defids all
oomputation. Youndre Alling the'South
with a. political gangrene that bids fair
to. prove an incnrablooanoer on the body
politic. Yeu ave"hntling the country
on with railrosdsp#ed to a cun'dition of
distraction and tersuoil, anarchy and ruin
that arIi rIealdPsdemonium itself.. In
short, so far as our Iposit,ion and ma.u
enoe'go, you shotV yourselireb til aptpt
schglrs ofshe .?thee of the poway of
th*.air. wh.nervert, the afrlraat mun
The Eellpso FrIdiy Night.
To-morrow (Friday) night there will
be a total eclipse of the moon visible
here. It.wi3l bigin at't, 19 m. The
total darknesswililiegin at 101, 25m.
The middle of total 'darkiiess will be at
I II, 14ni, and the end of total darkness
at Oh, 3m. The eclipse ends at ten
minutes after one o'clock.
Before the natural laws which.govern
eclipsea were discovered, these phe
nomena were viewed with trembling
awe by mnny superstitious people. An'
eclipse was made capital of by the
Chinese Astronomtre. It is related of
Columbus that when he first landed on
the island ofJamaica, being short of-pro
visions for his men, he -alled upon the
natives for a supply which they refused
to give. -Ile knowing that an eclipse
was just about to take place, called to.
gether the head men and warned them
that by withholding supplies from him
they were offending the. Great Spirit,
and that He would show them that He
was angry. Shortly after the eclipse
did come, and the over-awed natives
poured out the provisions at the feet of
Columbus for his own and his men's
use. In former days in South America
whole neiglhbnrhoods 'would assemble
during an eclipse, with cymbals and
horns and various ihstruments with
which to make a noise, and make the
welkin ring with their indiscriminate
sotifids. They supposed that by this
means they frightened away the evil
that had befallen the sun or the moon.
While the unlearned long ago witness.
ed with astonishment this phenomenon
on account of the mystery which en
veloped it, we on the other hand in this
day of advanced knowledge contemplate
this grand celestial spectacle with pro.
found reverence for that infinite wisdom
whichi is exhibited in the beauty, har.
mony, ordar, consistency and grandeur
of the laws which control the solar sys
tern.
RecadinK Club.
The advantages of an institution of
this kind in our commnnity can hardly
he questioned. We have suggested the
idea to some and, so far as we know,
some scheme of this kind would meet
with a favorable reception. T.he young
men of the town ought to be particular.
ly interested in it. It would be a
means of componsatiiig in some measure
for the check which the war gave to
their course of education. They could
not of course expect to redeem the past
Lime lost, but they could in the-Reading
Club make the best use of the present.
It would be better thus to spend an
Uvening than to wasto it in idle and
fruiless frivolity.
Therefore we suggest a meeting at
the earliest practicable opportnit.y of all
who are interested in organizing a
Reading Club. By coining together
and having a free and full interchange
of views and plans, some scheme would
be hit upon that would be acceptable.
We invite correspondence ouching
this subject, and will be glad to lay be.
fore our readers any suggestions upon it.
Condensed History.
We clip the following list of our
Presidents from the Spartanburg .x
press, and commend it to all 'who desire
to keep before thorn a bird's-eyo view of
the executive heads of the Union.
Washington and Adams start the line,
Jefferson, biadison and Monroe,
Young Adams and Jackson in '29,
Van Buren, H-arrisoni and Tyler too.
Polk, Taylor and Fillmore, Fr k
Pierce, '53,
Buchanan ahl Lincoln, next
weosee.
Thm SntofGog.*'asdthe
stay law Coer the G3ove a veto.
"Iirave a pt everything, and
you ough~ safd. a, married
mian, who fb i,boot-Jack
aft4r$i#~if, in -"Ye.," said
. e to' know where you
TELEGitAPR I G.
From Was llgton -Congressional.
WiSflINgTON. March 20.--The Sun.
ato was engaged to-day in :the discus.
sion of the resoltition offered b% Sumner"
to amend the journal of Friday by strik
ing out the voto, of' Stockton. df Now
Jersiy, on his right to a seat ; and by a
vote of 22 to 18 reftised to refer th6
question again to the Judiciary Com
mittee. Trambull, the Chairman of tho
Judiciary Committee, made a speech
declaring that Stockton was legally en.
titled to his seat The question is still
pending.
WASHINOTON, March 26.-The Su.
preme Court has decided that shares in
the National Banks are taxabli by State
authority. A large crowd awaits the
veto of the Civil Rights bill to-lay, but it
will iot be sent in until to-morrow, or
next day. Senator Foote is lying in a
very critical condition.
Some Testimonies froilm the War Docu
ients.
fThe Philadelphia Age makes some inter
esting extracts from the volumes containing
the.report of the committee of Congress on .
the conduct of the war. The first has re
ference to General Banks and his encounters
with the immortal 8tonewall Jaekson, with.
some introductory remarks by the Age:
OEN. nANKS AND STONEWALL JACKSON.
On the 29th of May, 1862, the Confede
rate authorities announced that (en. Banks
had been "idnominiously driven" down the
Valley. Stonewall Jackson literally -oased
him to the Potomao. if General Banks
had come from any other part of the world
than Aliassachusetts this would have been
the end of him. t New England can
b ar this sort of gnouliy," and he was,
-transferred to a conmniand in the advance of
Pope's army. Thus in advance, on the 9th
of August lie encountered his old friend.
Gen. Jackson, at or near Cedar Mountain,
and had a sharp struggle with him. Banks
thus describes it, with an incidental allu
sion to Issus and Granious :
"The battle raged for two hours, and un,
til the combatAnts were separated by the
darkness, with as much stubbornness as
ever men fought in the world. Alexander'a
troops never fought better. They. held
their position till dark, but the enemy was,
so imuch stronger that it. was impossible to
a1vanoe. In te evening we fellback," &o.,
(vol. 8, p. 40 ) For this General Pope
censured "Alexander." 'The rat im, that
according to his own showing, Banks was
goarded ito this battle, for he testifies.
thus: "In the morning General ltoberts
(Pope's Chief of Sinf) said to me in a tone
which it was hardly proper for one oficer
to use to another, 'There must. be no pack
ing out to-day.' lie said this to me from'
six to twelve times. I made no reply to
him, but felt it. keenly, because I knew that
my command did, not want to back out.
We had backed out enough- Ile repeated
this declaration a great many times, 'There
must be no backing out to-day.' To be
sure General Pope denies all this, and in a
letter to the committee thus cruelly and con-'
temptuously extinguishes his refractory
subordinateb
"In my otliclal reports. I endeavored, as
far as I possibly could, to avoid the censure
justly chargeable upon General Banks for,
his management of that battle, though L
was warned at the time by officers of high
rank, that; it was misplaced generosity, ani
that my forbearance woZ *ssuro4 be
used against me there
believe it possible, an
wIt h General Banks wIth th
derness, as ,L knew .and Sth
him in his mortifioatIon'at is
previous enconntier with .
fectly understood hiis natu re,. -
trieve his reputation." , @1
TUIDUTEs TO Tiun CoNraDERATRsag'
General Hooker, in his testijnony, speak.
as-follows of the opposing armies:
General Hooker, lanihis testImony, (ps
118) says: "0Oir artillery had always bee
superior to that of the rebels, as was alsb
tufantry, peept in dIscIpline, and that, for
reasons not necessary to mention, never did
equal Lee's army. With a rank and file
vastly Int'erior to our our own, intellectual.
ly and phsically, Genet:al Lee's army h
by disce noa alone, ecdI~ ,a ebaraete
for stea 1,ness and *e4 muy unsurpassi
inm ud gment, in eleat or mode
times.' Whave #9T4f been able to riv
Gemleral )feede speaks of "the brave a
p 4aye' of the .Confederates
Ue' ipse.9ok talks of their "won
49 ('I~.~"%hing eould have bee
anote e ibd"--and -General Pleasanto
deseib ag thme disgraceflal running away
tk. esveath arn corps at C)hancellors
.sOoounts-for It b.the "tion1b&ned e
upon the iaginatoof t,)o'sound of m
ketry ; the yells of the rebls and their i
oresig a'liery Ase." -It was a the
cal emot of StontsaRl Jaokson's which
'eould -produe betterm tha any ot hsr spae
-bave ever seqa on th.ld of battde. I
ooud 11 opq of his attacks anywhere
lhi# fte battle was Stonewall
sonse dest 1
Uf,I K. AIE
km properly
Sundersig
i 0 M # SA f rir
, j. Rt