The tri-weekly news. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1865-1876, July 01, 1865, Image 2
8ATURDAY_'MORNI%, UL
We will publish, -o Tuesd : A
ing next, the remarks od'the Hon. W.
W. Boros, delivered in the Court
House in Winnsboro on Wednesday,
June 21st, before the public meeting
held on that day. Those wishing extra
copies of the paper containing the
-speech, had best order them before pub.
lication. All orders left at our office for
the paper promptly attended to.
The price of a single copy of the Tt.
WEEKLi NEWS is ten cents. We are
forced to this charge from the sipple
fast that when we purchase the necessa
ries of life we are compelled to pay- two
prices for them, and hence we have to
charge in the same spirit for our labor.
It will be found that we give a very
large amount of reading matter, and the
work we put in our paper, makes it well
worth the small pittance asked for it
per single copy. For one month we
will send the paper for One Dollar, and
for one copy our charge is ten ceits,
either in coin or greenbacks.
We received, yesterday, from No. 4
Bank Range, (Messrs. ELLIOTT & Co.,)
a very suspicious' looking document
labelled "Old Whiskey, 1861," accom.
panied with the annexed note :
"Accept this 'Visque,' from our store,
We think you'll like it well I
Please tell your friends we've plenty more
At Elliott's house to sell 1"
All of which is very rtspectfully re
ceived, and laid oa the shelf for Jture
consideration.
Messrs E. & Co. will please accept
our thanks for their prpsent.
Should any of our friends wish to tiy
the *nettle of the hovse of Messrs
ELLIOTT & Co., we advise them to pro.
ceed, without delay,. (as delays are dan
gerous,) to pay die place a 'visit, pro.
cure one of those mysteriously labelled
document@, and if they don't say it is a
pure article then we are no judge.
We are authorized to say that the or
ders of the military authority, in regard
to the United States currency, do not
design or contemplate that-this currency
shall be confounded with- gold and ail
ver, or assumed to he of equal value.
U is oily required that it-shall be gene.
rally received in trade as the authorised
cculating medium under Government.
[Coluinbia Phanix.
Therefore; any person dejpg business,
in any capacity, according to the author.
ized statement of the Phoeii, can ask
for their commodities one price in coin,
gold vr silver, and another, -dither higher
or lower, in greeibacks. This is quite
an important piece of informaiion to
those engaged in business, as it will be
seen that the matter above is "author.
.ized."
We clip the following very appropri
ate remarks from the Charlotte Deme
crat, and endorse th'em. They are writ
ten in the right spirit :'
"It becomes southern meni to do the
best they can under the present circum
stances. It is not necessary for us to
prove our loyalty by noisy professions
or gymnistice in 'Union.- meetings.'
Neither is it necessary for us to deny
our co-operation in the Confederate
cause. For our own patrt individually,
we reiterate that we did all we coul'd,
aftet the war commenced, tb carry it on
successfully, and we never expect to see
the day when we will deny that our
sympathies were with the Sout in the
late struggle ; b~ut the issue' has )been.
decided against us and we are thereforei
wowere sincere friends of the Confled
aoy. Let us allshwb uoone
as wu e;go-i n
prouperity.
The two great sucdof' ibhdoce, in
the stipotesf labor and Spitbl 'WIUs.
Pe4 " the faelIties fo 'r tion,
and e Ue thai is made o th which
iliry aobing to the', ility 04
the eil, .hd 6*eellence of equip.
mente, and the Aill and capsmt of the
labor; the wages of labor, and the in.
terest of money, may both, therefore, be
higher or lower, or they may vary their
relative values, as the one or the other
of these conditions prevail ; so that no
arbitrary schedule of wages, can, with
any propriety, be adopted for hired )a.
bor, which shall be applicable to a com
munity, or to a variety of ccupations;
and all such sumptuary regulations are
but the absurd conceits of a visionary.
Property in negroes having been de.
stroyed by the military arbitrary for'e
of the government, not by the laws of
the country, the landed proprietor has
no longer any immediate interest in the
black race; with him, for the first time,
his capital and labor assume a seperate
if not an antagonist attitude.
For the capitalist, the wisest econo
my is to employ the most remunera
tive labor ; he will employ therefore on.
ly those who are most expert and relia
ble, and who are withoutincumbrances;
generally the white foreignor in prefer
ence to the black man. -
The demand for intelligent labor,
which this new relaion will create, will
stimulate immigration to the South;
the universal prejudice of the white me
chanic to his black rival, will, in a meas
ure, exclude him from the handicraft
trades ; labor-saving machines will
create further completion and conse
quent reduction of wages; until soon
poor cuffy, in the plentiLude of his free
dom, will find- himself, without food,
without employment, without a home,
and without a friend, a citizen of the
world, with perfect liberty to starve.
"Shake not thy kinky wool at me, thou
canst not say I did It."
The South and North.
Under this heading the New York
Mes has some remarks which are very
salutary at this juncture when new is
sues are being heedlessly precipitated
upon tile country by conceited would be
leaders, endangering -the return of a
wholesome state of affairs by the manip
ulation of "fine phrases," with which to
catch the ears of the thoughtless. We
commend the following extract from the
7Vmnes, a Republic.&n journal, to atten
tion : -
We expect the Southern States, now
thnt the war is over, to become instantly
as quiet, as prosperous, as loyal, and as
thoroughly anti-slavery in sentiment, as
-Massachusetts or New York, and every
incident that proves this not as yet to be
the case, carries alarm to th public
heart.
Thisisunroasonable and absurd. Such
a tornado as has swept the South leaves
in ita track a desolation which years can
not rempve. Society is uprooted, and
must be raised again Trom the seed. The
whole structure of Southern industry has
been over thrown, and it can be rebuilt
but slowly. Men's minds hate been di
verted from the ordinary channel, of
active thought, and it will be a slow
task to bring them back. Four million
slaves, who formerly did, by comnpulsion,
all the work of the South, are now free,
and will work or not, as, they and their
ord masters can agree. Their 'relative
positions are not favorable to rapid corn
pacts, anid years may elapse before this
tremetidous practical problem is fully,
solved. We muat be prepared for a
long and laborious struggle, for many
defeats and discouragemhnta; and if, - at
the end of twenty years, we Aind- the re
lations of the two races in the Southern
States all would desire, .e shall have
done more than any other nation ever
did in a century. .w in'eaI
to-thepolitical action of the Southsrn
people. We expeot them now-tha6 the
war issove *nd they are beaten, to be
come at once, not only loyal citisens,
obeying all the laws, and suatdining fully
the national authority, but thorough-go
ing -abolitionists, and advocatea-pf negpo
.sAAnything short bf athis, y
have not beenutiped uite en
Wegeownee them,. still ste
a*ls, end call fcrer oxdlusiooth~i
O4hegof ctsnsh r
Thieaeapoable Asdenvisa *O
hive 'nothng 'to do hk 14f
- have ori tt
setlves as peacoful lawabiaing citizens.
Ifthiie do thi4 we an demiud nothing
mdol ey ag beley in theifl ea-t
what 'plea*#; they Cay fel aW they
liko. ji the war and the governmpt;
they may be at heart rebellious still 'but
that is really none of our business. We
cannot control their opinions or their
sentiments; we can and must control
theireconduct, but that is all. Nor is it
reasonable to expect that the mass of the
Southern people can or will become sud
denly devotees of doctrines and senti
ments- which they have hitherto abhor
red, and against which they have staked
their fortunes and their lives. Men do
not thus instantly change their wholk
natures on compulsion. And any oston
tatious pretensions of such a change
would be-hypocritical. The great body
of the Southern people were unquestiona
bly honest and sincere in the opinions,
the prejudices and the resentments which
led them to rebel against the Govern'
ment; and it would be folly to suppost
that those feelings would all be at once
eradicated by the simple fact thr they
have been beaten in the field A radi.
cal change in the sentiment of the South:
em people, concerning slavery and the
purpose and temper of the na'ional
authority, can only be wrought by time,
by wise laws wisely administered. and
by their exp'erience of the new conditior
upon which they have entered.
Nor should'we desire to break the
spiriti or crush the self-respect of the
people of the Southtrn States. Thei
courage, their resolute and determined
spirit, is now among the priceless pos
sessions of the whole country. It has
been our enemy, but hereafter'it is to b<
our friend. It has been turned against
us, and has vainly sought our destruction;
henceforth it fights only on our side, and
swells the power and the courage with
which we may confront a world in arms
It would be suicidal in us to crush or de
stroy it-we should be destroying a part
of that which is to give us the proudest
place ever held by any nation on the
face of the earth. They confess and feel
hemselves overcome-subdued, sub
"gated. From no quarter do we hea
he faintest hint of any wish even tc
enew the contest. It is not for us to
toison the wound we have inflicted or
eirpride, nor to stab, with insulting
lows, the dead body of their ambition.'
2he Progress of Reoonstruction and
Its Safbgnards.
The President has issuel the sacn<
abling Proclamation for Mississippi am
fr North Carolina. He will, doubt
1 s, very soon do the same for Georgia
labama, Florida, South-Carolina and
xr.s-the only remaining States of the
onfederacy" whose governments have
n t been reorganized by other methods
eat pains have thus far been taken
a will continue to be taken, to secur<
in at competent and trustworthy men fo1
P visional Governors, District Judges
D trict Attorneys, and the other elli
:e s necessary to clear the way for the
no orders of things. Special care wil
be xercised also in the selection of the
mi tary commanders of the variout
So thern departments, since a concilia
tory spiit and discreet co-operation on
their part may do much to smooth the
way. Ample earnest has already beet
given that whatever devolves upon thi
'President to d'o in this momentous work
will be done wisely and well.
But it nuet not be forgotten tha
these enab)ing proclamations and officia
alipointments, are not final acts. .A
great deal has been said about the dan
ger that the elections will be carried b3
those who are still inimical in spirit t<
the national government, and who woub
organise permannent sedition unless al
howed to dictate, Even 0o moderate
and liberally dispesed. a man as Senato
Shermaar has expressed, in a speech jus
delivered, the fear of tb ' the strong
est terms. -We admit ~there arouli
be no security against thisi if all the olb
constitutional pbwers were now to be tes
svtored fdy- and fally~ tp these Sttu
Thes amnestyr oath,' prescribed as a pro
requ'aite' or voting for .the ne* Stab~
conventIots, may perhaps be considseo
by didloyal nen to'have no bidding~ foe
ae has been clainte& in soIebe quarters
ahad thuns shay ptacticalhy prove #orth
that #rneehtant- "otdayi so~el
aarl of tha ,idw obttu onal ao
vetio in issia ' pi or South Caroliga
of alay lother So- 05tate, and thas
their wsrl* niay be paidatio and over
way ptrnat twjuIschina, it dodsio
folow that't n*O a o remedf.
'The rW Us~fPreidentiJohn
sosa hu i ~ 4oohdiiodpy I
nable
*tion to' be 'framed by the Convention,
does not secure that object, in the judg
ment t PregAnt Johnsn, lie will have
the same right to rejct the action of
the Conventionthat heoriginally had to
authorize ilie Convention. If the pow.
ers he confers are not exercised for the
constitutional ends lie sets forth, he can
treat everything done under their per
version as of no effect. Practically, he
reserves to himself a veto power. over
any disloyal or anti-republican feature
of the new Constitution of each of the
States. If, as many fear, these conven
tions should incorporate into their work
provisions that would revive slavery in
some different form, or in any way
operate oppressly upon the freedmen, or
if it should accord power to the Legisla.
ture that could be used to the same end,
such work would contravene the author.
it% given by the 'President, and thwart
its declared purpose. We may be very
sure that President Johnson would not
accept it, and that lie would again remit
the derelict State to military government.
The knowledge that the President has
this power in reserve, will of itself have
an immense influence in conAtraining
the conventions to carry out their trust
in good faith to the Union and to avery
Republican principle.
But there is still a further protection;
and ohe quite independent of the action
or will of President Johnson. By the
Constitution each branch of Congress is
made the exclusive judge of the qualifi
cations of its own members. 'the creden
tials-of any Senator or Representative
setit to the National Councils by any of
the reclaimed States, may be subjected
to the severest scrutiny. IV it shall be
made to appear that he was elected by
disloyal votes, or that the State which
lie claims to represent has not in reality
reinatated a republican form of govern.
ment, or that there is a default m any
other essential requirement, the repre
sentation will not be allowed.' The jeal.
ousy and rigor with which this power
was exercised by each branch of the last
Congress, against the claimants to seats
from Louisiana and Arkansan, although
those claimants were unquestionably loy
al, sufficiently attests what the disposi
tion of the next Congress with its far
larger loyal inajority, will be upon the
subject. The very oath which is now
prescribed by law as a prerequisite to a
sunt in either body, is so comprehensive
and strict as to be of itself.an, immense
obstacle to the schemes -of sedition.
Every Senator and Representative, af
ter his credentials are scrutinized and ap
proved, is obliged, by the law of July,
1862, before admitted to his seit, to take
this oath;
"I, A. B., do solemnly swear (or af
firm) that I have never voluntarily borne
arms against the United States since I
have been a citizen thereof; that I have
voluntarily given no aid, countenance,
consel or encouiragement to persons en
gaged in armed hostility thereto; that I
have neither sought, nor accepted, nor
attempted to exercise- the functions of
any fce whatever, under any authori
ty or pretended authority In hostility to
-the United States; that I have not yield
ed a volubtary support toany pretended
government, autlhority, power or Consti
tution within the United States, hostile
or inimical thereto, And I do further
swvear (or affirm) thua t, the best of may
knowledge and ability, I will support
and defeind the - Constitutiono the
United States against all enemies, fer
I eign and domestio ; that I will bear
true faith and allegiance to the sne ;
-that I take t his oliigation freely, with.
out any mental reservation or .purpose
of evasion; and that I will well and
faithfully discharge the duties of the
office on which I amn about to enter, so
help mec God.".
Any person falsely taking-that oath is
made by law guilty of perjury, and
-subject to all the penaltieis sow presoribed
I for tl1at ofiance. Ths oath. seems to be
stringent enough to exclude all ,abet.
tors of past treason, or fomentohs of
- taire sedition.
The reconstruction which is initiated
by~ these proclamations of the Presidens
will not be consuma:Atod until oetitu
thons are framed by the. iespective
States, which shalf' accord, in thd biati
motion of the Presidedet, witdm the' bmids
set forth in the probtsmtidwe, add #iWtfl
sneh reprsiintaaire ts at to Cost.
m.se as shall h~a I the jiudgment of
ngrees, sede pgutitdtal'band lo
qihlfidesion: Therfsfd,' N "say
) eklates nOWt4 trinsble dstgelves
a fear th'at the4ineli /s~ the'
11 ~its the a~'tnd& se.
proc niti h sh) ha auto
OZ 9r old n .f
dient 1y~t $~ a
94ph ofthf
-domv'dh bieA aew 1 t tay
accept thewroffer,' and-in good .faitlh
jiaugurato a new order of things by
coistjutiops aidla*s and elections of a
chardoter that will fieal past dissensions
and ienr& future concord, they will soon
occupy at secure and as honorable as
position in the Union as thdy can desire.
If, on the other hand, they use the
facilities now given them only t6 gratify
their old hates, and to renew their old
practices, they will not be long in fizding
themselves balked. President' Johnson
has thrown open the gate. It is for
them to determine upon an easy or a
hard road to travel.-IV. Y. 2mc.
The Situation.
The New York Herald, of the 18th,
under the above heading, publishes the
following items:
The steamships George Cromwell and
Evening Star, whieh arrived here yester.
day from Nev Orleans on the 10th inst.,
broug, is important despatches from our
correspondents in the Gulf .Department.
They furnish interesting accounts of the
incidents preceding, attending and fol.
lowing the occupation of Brownsville,
Texas, on the 31st ult., by the national
troops, under Gen. Brown. The rebel
troops, previous to evacuating the place,
mutinied, pillaged the town and made
prisoners some of their offiders until their
demands for the payment of their back
dues were complied with. The rebels
left the day previous to, Gen. Brown's
arrival, not waiting to be paroled or to
comply in any manner with the terms
of General Kirby Smith's surrender.
Large numbers of them moved across
the Rio Grande into Mexico, taking
with them their arms. Their artillery
they sold to the Mexican imperialists
at Matamoras. It is said that the laat
of the rebels.were driven from Browns.
ville by Mexican residents, who organ.
iged a home guard for the preservation
of order soon after the evacuatiot' co
menced. After taking posseqion o
Brownsville, Gen. Brown wrote a letter
to Gen. Mejia, the imperialists comman
der at Matamoras, assuring him that
neutrality would be observed by the
American forces in regard to the contest
in Moxico between the republicans and
imperialists. It is said that the rebel
Gen. Magruder, is well as Kirby
Smith, has gone to Mexipo. The latter
carried with him a considerable amount
of money.
On the Id inst., the rebel Generals
Magruder and Kirby Smith were receiv
ed on board the United 'States steknier
Fort Jackson, Capt. Sands, off Galves.
ton, when the articles of surrender of
all the rebel Trans-Missisippi forces
were signed by Gen. Smith. The next
morning the rebel officersewere conveyed-.
back to Galveston, and on the 5th inst
Capt, Sands and other officers proceeded
up to the town, landed, received itp
surrender from the Mayor and once more
unfurled, the national flag ovej the
public buildings, in the presence -of'a
large but undemonstrative and orderly
asemblage of the people.
The rebel Governqr of Texas. has
issued a call for the Legislature to tndet
in August. and aTgo for an election to.
choose delegates to a. State convention.
ThePresident's amnesty proclamation,
created much excitement in- New Or
leans. The cl1pses excepted, from par
don were mnore numerous than hall been
expected. Largl nmnbers of- pitrated
rebels, officer, as well as soldiers, hago
recently arrivqd in New Orleans apa
settled down, to the quiet routineof pri
vate life. Generals Bleauraggrd int
Dick Taylor have- been for aome tinib
residing in .the vicinity of the oity,.
awaiting the proceedings of Governteet,
in their cases. The business of the ciy
was rapidly reviving. " '
The late rebel' Gor.' Alien, ef'Lonis
iana, has issued a farewell addkesato the.
peopke of hai Stete, acknowled gebe
siexorable logic of events, the gire9f;
the rebelhios, and th~at1he no' longet- us.
aunee to be their Executive and cogns'
selling them to submni( graoefh thy'
national authorities. .a ,
The Alabama Sta * eev.
.d by the .rebels on the
atvance of , ere
recovered arde kt Mnbis'aod the
4th lnst, ir-a to'beteIarned to
the at ' The -~gy
-s qb eqof the ye o siseppi
alcboisecurt and were en rosas
he' State capital. The Sta' rd~d
Mare, of Al awrtahatebeear.
a sept )Torthr. Utler, guard.
banksare.es e
senfli a tal U theeitim
But d250ess assesepce
2 a