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WINN VUUBSDAY MORNING, APRIL 20,1186. "Theisspes" In another column will be found an' ;rticle under the above caption, written for the Southern Guardian of January 21, 1865, and which we publish in our paper this morning by request of, its author. Upon all topics vill we be glad to hear from our friends, and to give place to their contributions whether coincid. ing with our views or not. Of cou~rse we claim the right of criticising. *Commission House., By reference to advertisement in an. other column, it will be seen that Mr. A. D. HItLIunD proposes- to open ,a -Commission, or Auction House, in Winnsboro'. We need something of the kind in'our town, where parties hav ing articles to dispose of, can send them for sale, without having to send them from door to door. We wish Mr. HILLIARD much suOcess in his undertaking, and would advise all who have- articles to dispose of to send them to "The Commission Store." Exchanges. We have had no exchanges fqr the past week, and this will account for the e non-interest of our reading page. Well, we hope that we may have the privi. lege of glancing at some paper before long. In such 'imes as these "1every 'body m)ust do as best they can." Cardinal Errors. At the outset of the great struggle which has for four years deluged the land in blood and developed the loftiest heroism and the noblest endurance ever recorded in history, the adherents of either side were blinded by what have proved to be great popularfalacies. On the side of the Confederates it was aF gued that they possessed and controlled a staple which was indispensable to the comforts and enjoyment of the civilized vorld, and that the deprivation of it for a few months wou-ld paralyze. commerce and involve in ruin thousands of millions of mechanical capital and millions of human beings. The overthrow of "King Cotton" would be a great international Atastrophe I It was honee believed and taught that armed intervention would at once step in--raise the block. ado and let the great machinery of life move on I The Yankees, on the other hand, were confident that the struggle was precipitated by a mere haiadful of men, whilst the heart of the great peo ple was loyal to the "old flag;" and they religiously believed likewise that the *mere presence of struggling armies on Southern soil would be an invitation to. riot and disorder and open rebellion of 'the whole slave population. Under these cardinal errors there were minor ones, such as; that the Confederates were without real resources and would be *speedily starved out with the closing 'of the ports and the interruption of inter course ; that the Federals 'ier.e-divided in interests and feelinge ; that the- west and New England -could npt assimilate ; that the heart of the tNqrthern Dlemo. crats was right and co-ercion weas no part of their creed ; that the resources of the North mast soon .exhaust them selves'and universal bankruptcy and .fnancial chaos interrupt its dreams of Thshave'mattors gone on with the prores o awar which has already re quired teexpenditure by the belliger ents.o ut five. tlhousand mlinof dollrs,.the loss of half million f. -lives, th~e ruin 4#f vast sections of country, *at the same time that the land has been opuivorted znto a theatre in which all the. - brual atrocities of the Goth and the - 'i-Goth have been acted and re-qunact aVs it conceived that in the nine :eenth ,century of Cjhriptian civilization mu.eapeoteole would be p~in before'tke astonigiped n world? 'Alas,''Wha&bwam pon human #ogsa 1#d wat .sozi, if' indeedilstory eyeqr Who are the authors of all tlhis bleiod. anifall Iihi dgsolation and r'iin ? Are they themenwho asserted boldly the'prhi-' cipIes of self-government, which 'were handed downfrom Washington and Jef ferson aid "their inalienable rights as a people, or will impartial time fix the guilt upon the porjured and hypocritical men who at once asserted and deniod these great truths ? The answer can matter but little now. The only practicol interest we can have in the result is, when will the point of exhaustion be reached and which of the belligerents is likely to hold out the longest in the Titan strug g le ? I What a picture to contemplate I Is there then no wisdom left in the land sufficient to re-adjust society and bring' back order and civilisation and christian ity, or inust demons still rejoice in the Pandemonium of ruins ? Are there not men at the North and men.at tie South still, who, drawn from their retreat, might allay the storm, and soothing the passions which rule the hour, strike. out some noble path which, while it would save all that was vital in the hearts of our people, at the same time, would com mend itself to the soun1d sober sense and latent ideas of justice of the world ? Are there not men adapted to the mis gion on either side ? There is no recon struction in the thought. It is but a protest on the part of christianity and civilization against the reign of violence which listens neitlar -to argument or reason. Brute force is not t.he only ar biter of nations. FOUD FOR WEAK STOMAoHS.-In one hundred and oixty-oight, there is the following anecdote: My mother, (the Countesa de Segur) being asked by Vol. the Meumoirs of Count Segur, vol. 1, page taire respecting her health, told him that the most painful feeling she had, arose from the decay of her stomach and the difficulty of finding any kind of ali ment that it could bear. Voltaire,- by way of consolation, assured her that he was once for nearly a year in the same state, and believed, to be incurable, but that, nevertheless, a very simple remedy had restored him. It conEsted in taking no other nourishnient than yolk's of egg, beaten up with flour of potatoes and water. Though this circumstance took place as far back asofifty years ago, and respected so extraordinary a person'age as Voltaire, it is astonishing how little it is known, and how rarely the remedy has been practiced. Its efficacy, however, in 'ase of debility, cannot be questioned, and the following is the made of preparing this valuable article of food, as recommended by Sir John Sinclair: Receipt-Beat up an egg in a bowl, and then add six table spoonfuls of cold water, mixing the whole well together; then add two i able spoonfuls of the farina of potatoes, to be mixed throughly with the liquor in the bowl. Then pour ini as much boiling water as will convert the whole into jelly, and mix it well. It may be taken either alone, or with the addition of 'a little milk and moist or best sugar, not only for breakfast, but in cases of great stoma-hic debility, - or in consumptive disorders, at the other meals. The dish is light, easily digested, exiremely whole seine and nourichmg. B rend or biscuit may be taken with.it'as the stomach get. stronger. THE RETORT DJSooURTXOU.--.At a convention of clergymen not long since, it was p repo'sed by one of the members, after they had,. dined, that each one should entertain the comiany with some interesting remarks. Among the rest, .one drew upon his fancy, and related a di-eam. ,In this djream he went to h'eaven and he.describedsthe ,golden streets, the river of life, etc. As he concluaded, one of the divines, whoewas uomewhae noted for is penumibus d money ni ,hatbiti, ste4,ed Sipto le pragdn "Wel,d did you see anything qk e itt ~our dream ?" "Yes, I did." 'Tdeed l'Whatwas Idolnt ?" " uwere on jouir knees" - 'Pintying, was I? "No--ecraping tip ibe gold ?" - A letter in the Philadelphia lns-# In th'e.4ele~ Se~xrJentons 'll the rebel army. could not , Mye mnuvabered less than Mty, thoinsad effective mpn. They were wil armed, welblothed, and fought . lpcidlyi .fltter fghting 'illey cann~j a. Ani pfw, pfis osmers that IIL6Jo oEur hAewere tn~m' bers of the Scid,.~'fii a Sixth and ~eve~th VirgMia reg<imeutaai All thpue 'imsidf ' i-e formealyo' the rcel ~arte~inia From thoeoutt Gua44n, 1n1,46-. ~he Iqew. -Muinfrron: Seve::el week4: ifore the Se sio of this State from th for mer Federal Union of sovereign States, I had piabjishe&in the South Carolinian the following communication. "The reserved State'right of secession, in all probablity, will be practically ex Drcised by the duly chosen delegates of the people of' the sovereign State of South Carolina, so soon as they' shall have beenoin constitutional convention assembled. The disruption that nitist supervene, is, in its nature, divisible; it may be either an unqualified, or a qualified dis ruption ; the one looking to the separate independence of South Carolina, the uther to such organic' changes in the federal constitution, as shall henceforth srve effectually to restrain tho nmajority, and as offeotually.to protect the minor ty-a distribution of political power, which forms, in the true 'sense of the term, coustitutiounal libirty. The plans that to this end have been proposed. namely ; the executive and legislqtive dopartments with mutual nigatives, are, in-themselves, fiiulless principles of po litical sciqnce, and, derivqd as they have been, from the archives of antiquity, mid from actual experiences, fully de. serve the consideration of those who will be called upon, under circ61msan ces of peculiar difficulty, to restore, as nearly as may be practicable, the last intersectional equilibrium." The events that have taken place within the past four years are familiar to its all and what I would at this tine suggest is Simply that, "upon the demand of any -thre States, the Congres shall summon a convention of all the States," of this Confederacy, to take into consideration rn amendment to the third cection of the, fourth article of the' Confederate States constitution in relation tb the admission into this Confederacy. - A4 so on as the general conivention, thus summoned, shall have been assem bled, it will duly consider, at the sug gestion of the concurring States, an amendment substantially upon the plan of an amendmonit proposed by Mr. Cal. haun, who in his 'isquisition on govern. rlent, whilst commenting on the right of suffrage and the nocessit'that thqre was for some oONSTITUTIONA4 PROv19ioN to counteract the despotio-tendedev of this right, expressed himself ih these termn: "There is but one certain mode in which this renk can be secured ; and that 'it by the adoption' of some restriction limitation, which shall so effacfafRjVipLe,. veut any one interest, or combbietien of intereats, from Obtaining theQ.echiaii# control of theGovernmeon aitr hopeless all .attempts directed -;to Ats&. enid. 'There Is, again, butk on6 mode in which thie can be effected ; and that is, by taking the sense of each interest' or portion of the community, which 'may be unequally and injuriously affected by the action df the govcrnment, separately through its o.wn majority, or in some other way , by whi-Ah its voice. may be fairly expressed; and to require the'con sent of each interest,-either to put 6r to keep the government in action. This, too,'can be actOmplilied omnly in one way, and,that is, by such organism of the gove nent, and, if necessary for the purpose, of the community -also, as will; by dividing .and distributing the, powers of the government, give to each division or interest, thrtough its appro. priate organ, either a concurrent voice in makingand executing the laws, or a veto on theit execution. 'Such an or ganismn as thig, combined with the right of suffrage, constitutes .in fact, the ele ments of constitutional government." The above p lan admirably subserve. the purpose of its intention, i. e. an ef fectual safeguitrd in articles of confeder at~iotr betweeA ceotual and 3ofer'eign States, differing inspaursuita, in .iptersta and social iwetitutions, where the me~re '?0) ulodteStates, frem a supposed nzumvj'j ctsovereignty in contr~tistinadnlts Sh sovereigny,. are apt to encrosecr upon the libvtes :of bteslespopulous In offering other States our constitu. tion thus in' #dbahnce amended, tliey will hav9erewted tlha'f'at1I sapp -QALU 10QJ w}'J e ,$o fna 0 as to the absence of suqhan amndhpmenk as this must be-aeoribed int .ome woaure at least at1u Yarlince~hbw'eI pdg tween th, piit,of, gd constim~~ . -a the policy'of' hevernnut -' dp mer providirg wahont ae us foy the a ii the their a4it~i iespite al a%gu~rs do.4by a~~s ppgse~ if our o kst tun .wer Abs, in44ded -tot one -tfi --na ., nito: glates would thiilt ~.f4itg Lhereto,j 'r of ratifyingr the saiW'"~ i-U A6 LE po.. itively affirm wbat those States might, -or nilght ,not .a I. o1 'ask that te trial may be' fairly m aie and in case the' State4 in g $ faiq,. do so then they. will IM uu d; tk jcivilized world will clearly 'se' that our enemies are fighting not so much for a Union as for section l supremacy in the former Union, And with the United States will "rest the responsibility of all the consequences which may follow" and which in their train tmay befall constitutional liberty. Very respectfully yours. EDwAnr, G. PATMER, Jr. An Industrious Detective and Im -pressor. Two or three days since a young cou ple, evidently rejoicing in all the summer delights of the honey-moon, reetched the city and engaged ap'artments at the Augusta Hotel. They enjoyed the peace and quiet of that establishment, and the bustle and, activity of our fashionable streets until evening before last, when the bridegroom, who had already been noosed was forced to 'apitulate with a prospect of being ialtered. It appears that a member of the 11th Tennessee Regiment recogiized the gay lothario as a deserter,and caused his arrest The fellow was originally from Nashville, where as Slade, le enlisted under the lamented Colonel Rains, in May, 1861, leaving a wife behind him in the Rock City. Tired of war and sighing for the amorous sweets of doniestic life, he desert ed on the 27th of the following July at Knoxville, and took unto himniself A wile at that place. How long the maiden of the valley of the Holston was enabled to -retain the love and marital duty of this ficide youth. we are not advised. He is next heard of at Wilmington, where he changed is name to Bryant, and acted for two years as a Government detecti ve. Of course he married again, Knoxville and his two former. wives having fallen into the Yankee hands. To the aston Ishilient of his old comrades, he appears on the scene before them while they were in line of battle at Kenesawv moun tain last summer, But his tastes were not for the muic of shells, and though. a mile and a half to the rear, lie became demoralized and ied. Not.hiag more was. heard of Slade or Brfant.by his forner associates until Thursday, when he developes himself ,i9 ly TmArried man. He had quit ted Wilmington,. when the city and his thirdwifo fell into Federal possession, and was travelling on papers that granted him permission to visit Greensboro, Ga., h ifof men f a mrriage contract. 46y s since he e posed his i t 8 4ai D u 4 in th~is S tate. Butkthe hioney-moon was no;ilowed to *wx gn wane before he came to grief. ..A- d. hhitlls btw'lttle chaper of qmarnce--tlie hero ii in the Aigusta Barracks, and the. heroine lonely and sad in her solitary bridal chamber. Slade, or Bryant, (whichever hie pleases) has a brillant prospect before him., For desertion lie is liable to be shot, and for indulgance in the Mormon doctrine of a plurality of wives, he subjected himself to a- long duration of prison life.-- Con stitutionalist. FnoM CENTRAL , AMERICA.-From Northern journals we .learn the harbor of Greytown is almostentirely closed by the bar, and that it ter with the greatest dificulty the passenger' boats of ' thme Tlransit Comnpany cross the obstruction. The President of.Gtqatemala delivered a letigthy message .to thre Legislature. He expreses'sympathy for Peru in.her diffi. culty with Spain, but at the same time ahiudes pointedly to the friendship exist ing between Guatemala and Spain. He rejoices that an "able and firm' govern ment is established in Mexico, and says that Central America should draw " close" to it, but not sulrrender the re publican form of rule. Thei coming cot tin. orop of San Salvador is valued at one m1111ion of dollars and the commercial and noutary state of the coutywsat untyoary.is Illinois is gei~ttg to be a cosmopolitan t'ata' -Th'e Governor's niessage is to skyP00ct. 00.. GaRIPxvn*~,a)IxD ComaraW BRyL win.4Prep e~i are noir.ing rav 'idly made'o- bthe daa -on this ro aypaya of thme will soont pr M er. loAstn ays: "Tha ihas arriv she a .Gover Mor runeit, o Ketuo agemqn~oi. pated alii hia.e. .ht, imoailed The actual stock o cotton im Liverpool .on tho. 30thp 40a nary anounts to 466,OOO hales, in ecefss- of estimatet. The stock of A rean is 23,000 bales, 'being 12,500 ba y abo e the estimates. A man in Dryden, Now York, lost his witeSunday, married his servant girt Monday, and both' *ent to the funeral Tues4ay. Yankee morals. "COTTON TRADE."-A church in New York hasnade $340,000 by substitu ting horse hair for. cotton in their pad cuslhions and backs Co~nMuusiasiur-. let fflati Nb. lieo. , . A LL guardians and trustees who are re. quired to make returnalto the Com'r in Equity, are notified that their returns must be made before the 1st of June next. ISAAC H.'MEANS, Com. rin Equity, F. D. Commissioner's office, April 18, 1865. april 20'65-8 Notice. T IE subsoriber, having unfortunately lost all his means by the late cona. gration, proposes, as a livelihood, to open a Commission House in Winnsboro, to be con ducted on the same principle as similar es tablishments in Columbia and other places. The ladies, both in - Winnsboro and sur rounding country, are most eepec(fully so. licited to send forward such articles as they can spare, via: Butter, Eggs, Cloth, 8eoke, Mattrasses, Bed@, Crockery Ware, Cutlery, Jewelry &c., &c. The gentlemen are also earnestly requested to bring, or send in such articles as they may have to spare for the benefit of the public. As soon as I can, procure an auction room, I will announce to the public the regular days on which I will auction such articles as may be confided to my pare. I have procured an auction eer, whose reputation as such, Is notorious ly known throughout this country! Win'nsboro, 8. C., A. D. HILLIARD. april 20'66 Wanted, A WET NURSE. One withon a 'hild required. Apply at this )fnce. april 20'65-1 Coll's PIsAoI for Sale. A FINE Colt's Pistol, silver mounted, can . be purchased by applying at this ofice. april 18'65. Wassted to ffire, FOR' THE GOVERNMEONT. TWO Blacksmiths, (good hore-'shoers.) TTHREIR Carpenters. SIX Laborers. A. M. RHETT, apI 18'65 Capt. & A. Q. M. Rutle for Sale. O N Monday next, 24th April, '06, tnofront 0 of my stablos and to the highest bid der, will. be sold one condemned MULE. be longing to the Government. - A. V. RHETT, 9 apl 18'65-8 Capt.&A. Q.M. state of oReuth Varokuava ADJI1 ANDINSP. 0EN'LS OFFICE. - UIoN C. H., FEa. 28, 186 General Orders, No. 8. I LIEUT. Colonel James M. Baesn, e special aid to his excellency, the Gov ernor, Is ehargedwitl the superintendence of the State Works at Greenville, S. C., as the representative of the Governor, hewill be obeyed and respected accordingly. . By order, WM. F. NANCE, A. A. 0. april 18'6-2. 4'Papers of the Stateoopy twie. Ure. L. Steves, BEG8 LEAVE TO INFORM THlE LADIBS, that she is prepared to repair and re-shape H10 0 P--S K I R T S., Any work ofthis kind, entrusted to for, will biexecuted to satiufaotion, asd sti te sonable charges. Ordesp left at 4he iries bore llotei will be promptly attended to. ' april 8'65-Iaw4 Mtate of S0osth I r9 Sa - E Alti'MENT. UNxIA, March 27,18. T'II o5a'f Godtate has rendered G1?~ overnmesto, setate ose~ 'cenvened,. Ihat sche as the welhee of quire. -Antd fo. -that aupoe&b sftbe Senate and) the house A34~ise tiYPB of the Otatqof.euth by lnvited to asble a T UIBDAY, 40,864 day of 48g olok.., apen68'66.,.0 3W -Al papera s n ,Jta untu la e tiniaex..;~ aW ...t,,am